高中英语 语法填空满分计划 指导方法 讲义 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦语法填空中动词形式变化核心考点，涵盖谓语动词（语态、时态）与非谓语动词（to do/doing/done）两大模块，按“判断类型—谓语语态时态—非谓语形式”逻辑分层构建知识体系。通过考点梳理明确考查要求，方法指导拆解做题步骤，真题训练强化应用能力，助力学生系统突破动词考点难点。 资料以步骤化策略提升复习效率，如时态判断通过“时间词—上下文语境—固定句式”三维方法培养学生思维品质，非谓语动词结合“目的状语—动词搭配—固定句型”实例训练学习能力。设置真题链接与分层练习，确保学生在有限时间内掌握解题规律，既提升学生应考能力，也为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

语法填空满分计划——提示词为动词 考点一：动词形式变化 考点说明：在语法填空中，动词是最高频的考点，一般在一篇10个空的语篇中，有2-3个提示词为动词的题目，而大部分都是以动词形式变化为主，所以这个考点相当重要！！！ 做题步骤：1. 判断谓语动词还是非谓语动词； 2. 如果是谓语动词，首先判断语态，然后判断时态； 3. 如果是非谓语动词，判断是to do,doing,done中的哪种形式。 注意：时态判断的准则就是要在文章中找到判断这个时态的依据。 步骤一：谓语动词VS非谓语动词 谓语动词：谓语动词是句子中的核心，用于描述主语的动作或状态，通常位于主语之后，并且可以单独作为谓语，有时态和语态的变化，并且受主语人称和数的限制。 非谓语动词：不能独立作为谓语，通常位于句子中的其他位置，是用来修饰句子的动词结构，是独立谓语以外的成分。 例：I study hard to get good grades. study（谓语动词）；to get（非谓语动词） →真题链接：请判断括号中的动词在该句子中是谓语还是非谓语，并填写在横线上。 1. They won't waste energy running off unless it really 谓语(become)necessary. (包头市) 2. Tea was originally used as herbal(香草的)medicine 非谓语 (call)"tu".(自贡市) 3. Xinzhou ancient city in Shanxi,with a history of more than 1,800 years, 谓语 (have)over 500 stores and restaurants. (烟台市) 4. At the same time,relics protection organizations and the tourism organizations should work together 非谓语 (make)this economic model better.(烟台市) 5. Usually,it 谓语 (make)from five kinds of beans(豆)—mung bean,red bean,yellow bean,black bean and green bean.(眉山市) 谓语动词 步骤二：判断语态 1. 语态类型：主动语态(do)，被动语态 (be done) 2. 判断语态方法： ①直接翻译：看主语和谓语动词之间的关系是主动还是被动关系； ②看动词后是否有宾语：一般情况下，谓语动词(及物动词)后会有宾语连接，被动语态无直接宾语连接。 kill为及物动词，后不接宾语，翻译为被杀害 例：About twenty thousand people were killed (kill). (嘉兴、舟山) He was given (give)20 minutes to finish the homework.(虽然这句话后有20 minutes,但并不是give的直接宾语。直接宾语是he，被提到了前面做主语，所以用被动语态) ③看关键词：查看是否有by+施动者这个结构，如有，则为被动语态 3.易错点： ①在被动语态结构中，遗漏be动词，或者be动词时态使用错误。 ②不规则动词的过去分词形式书写错误。 ③部分试题中动词前会直接有be动词，要判断该动词和主语之间的关系，如果是主动则填写doing 表现在进行时，如果是被动，则填写done。 →真题链接：请判断括号中的动词在该句子中是主动语态还是被动语态，并填写在横线上。 1. Usually,it 被动 (make)from five kinds of beans (豆)—mung bean,red bean,yellow bean, black bean and green bean.(眉山市) 词组be made from表示由……制成 2. Xinzhou ancient city in Shanxi,with a history of more than 1,800 years, 主 动 (have)over 500 stores and restaurants. (烟台市) have后接宾语，故为主动语态 3. As a new member of the club,Tina 被 动 (invite)to have parties with the other members.(温州市) Tina后无直接宾语，翻译为被邀请去…… 4. They won't waste energy running off unless it really 主 动(become)necessary. (包头市) 5. At a young age,he 被 动 (encourage)by his family to paint.(内江市) 步骤三：判断时态 1.新课标要求掌握谓语动词时态类型：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时。 2.判断时态的方法： ①找时间词(注意找的是这个动作发出的时间)。 ②结合上下文，找和这个动词并列或同时发生的动词时态。 Ⅰ. 一般现在时(三单形式为高频考点) 1.形式：do,does (第三人称单数形式) 2.判断一般现在时的标志： ①表示频率的副词或短语：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,hardly,never,once a week, twice a month 等。(但是要注意，副词并不是判断时态准确的方法，在过去时也可以使用often、sometimes 等频率副词表过去经常性地习惯，还是要结合上下文语境判断准确时态。) 例：Mr.Zhao is patient and he always tells (tell)us not to worry about giving wrong answers. (河北省) ②时间词或短语： in summer,on weekends,every day/week/month/year等。 ③文章体裁：如果该文章体裁为说明文，且这个句子也是在进行说明，则主要考虑一般现在时； ④语境判断：若无明确时间词，需通过上下文语境判断，特别注意并列的谓语动词。 例：I know that learning at school makes (make)us better persons,but I always dream of doing more. ⑤固定句式： 在条件、时间状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词是一般现在时 即主将从现。 例：I'll tell him when he comes (come)back. If he goes (go)with you,he'll tell you tomorrow. ⑥客观真理和自然现象： 例：Mr.Wang taught us the earth moves (move)around the sun last class. 3.does的用法: ①使用情境：主语为第三人称单数(人名，he/she/it),可数名词单数，不可数名词，其他。 其他情况作主语包括：不定代词 (something,everyone等),each+n或 every+n,a pair/kind of+复数名词，不定式或动名词，表示时间、长度、重量、价格等词(如Twenty dollars is enough for me)。 例：Everything goes (go)well with me here ②变化规则： 一般情况 在词尾加s stay-stays,photo-photos,take-takes 以s,x,ch,sh结尾 在词尾加es catch-catches,fix-fixes ,do-does 以辅音字母+y结尾 把y变成i加es study-studies,try-tries,carry-carries II. 一般过去时(高频考点) 1.形式: did 2.判断一般过去时的标志： ①表示过去的时间状语： just now,two days ago,yesterday,last weekend,the other day, in 1982,in the past,at the age of...,once upon a time。 例：In the past, the only thing he knew (know)about the country was that it had a long history and a rich culture. (金华市) ②复合句：复合句中的主句或从句为过去时，则从句或主句大概率为过去时或过去的某种时态。 例：When he got (get)to my desk,he looked at my picture and said,"Wow!" (河北省) ③语境判断： 若无明确时间词，需通过上下文语境判断，特别注意并列的谓语动词。 例：The winner was Team Qiandongnan and prizes for the team were(be)bags of rice,fish and ducks. (达州市) ④文章体裁： 如果该文章体裁为记叙文，且这个句子还在记录过去的经历，则基本为一般过去时。 例：When they arrived at Lily's house,everyone shouted "Surprise!"Ann hardly believed (believe)that. (宁波市) 3. 动词过去时变化规则: 规 则 动 词 一般情况 词尾+ed turn-turned,wait-waited 以e结尾 词尾+d solve-solved ,die-died 以重读闭音节结尾的动词末尾只有一个辅音 先双写，再加ed drop-dropped,prefer-preferred 辅音字母+y结尾 先把y变i,再加ed cry-cried ,study-studied ,worry-worried 不规则动词 详见不规则动词表 Ⅲ、一般将来时 1.形式: will/shall do,be going to do,be about to do,be+doing(与趋向性动词连用，如 go,come,leave) (在中考语法填空中，若考到将来时，一般无须区分这几个形式的不同点，一般填will do 即可) 2.判断一般将来时的标志: ①表示将来的时间状语: in the future,tomorrow,next month,in two days,soon,from now on,one day。 例：I hope more people will join (join)us in the near future . " Will you use (use)photos on social media to choose your food next time you eat?" Ⅳ、 现在完成时 ①现在完成时标志词：already, yet, ever, never, before, recently, recently, lately 例："They have lost (lose)the smell of the hare already."said the old horse."Perhaps she will run away."(临沂市) ②时间状语: so far,in the past few years,up to/till now,for+ 一段时间，since+过去时间点或从句(该从句谓语动词为过去时) 注意： for用来说明动作延续时间的长度， since用来说明动作的起始时间。在这种用法中，动词需要使用延续性动词。 例：Since then my dad has helped(help)and supported me in everything I do.(滨州市) Chinese writing has developed (develop) for over 4,000 years. (广元市) Zeng Jinlong,a 17-year-old villager, has watched the games since he was 6 years old.(达州市) 注意： 在现在完成时考点中，可能会考察since，关注前面的主句时态是否为现在完成时。 动词语态、时态强化练习 →真题链接：请在横线上填写括号中动词的正确形式。 1. They won’t waste energy running off unless it really becomes (become) necessary.(包头市） 2. At a young age,he was encouraged (encourage)by his family to paint.(内江市) 3. Not only can the tourism be developed better,but the local culture and history can also be known (know)by more people.(烟台市) 4. A primary school in Nanjing has just opened (open)a herb farm. (武汉市) 5. They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares (care)about people in the far areas.(鄂州市) 6. I felt (feel)so safe because I knew he was near. (滨州市) 7. Over the past 21 years,he has seen (see)many teachers come and go because of the poor conditions in the village. (宿迁市) 8. A recent study shows that letter writing makes (make)the writer happy,too. (长沙市) 9. "Granddad!We have finished (finish)our starters.Now!Look at the menu for the main course (主菜)." (威海市) 10. I and the other young horses were eating (eat)at the lower end of the field when we heard the cry of dogs far away.(临沂) 11. They think that if there is still liquor in the house,there will be (be)bad luck in the new year. 12. So far some states in the USA have introduced (introduce)a new way to avoid this-Traffic School. (杭州市) 13. "Mom!We are making (make)a treehouse!Wait a minute!"Alex shouted.(东营市) 14. And we can promise him that we will help (help)clean the leaves in the future!"(东营市) 15. The inspector was right.Mario and Pagani were put (put)into prison soon. (潍坊市) 非谓语动词 步骤二：判断非谓语动词形式 如何判断非谓语动词： 在句子中，如果该句子已经有谓语动词，则填写非谓语动词形式。 非谓语动词形式： to do,doing,done to do (高频考点) 判断to do的标志: ①在一个句子中充当状语表目的：该句前面有谓语动词短语，后跟一个动词，考虑该动词用不定式的形式表目的。这个目的状语可以提前到句首。 例：At the same time,relics protection organizations and the tourism organizations should work together to make (make)this economic model better.(山东烟台) Although he now works hard every day and is often very busy,he always makes time to stay (stay) with me. (山东滨州) ②以下动词后加to do做宾语： afford,agree,begin,start,choose,decide,plan,wish, expect,hope,fail ,learn,like,manage,want,offer,prepare,promise,refuse,seem,need,happen,volunteer 等。 例：Rian developed a strong interest in it and wanted to try (try)it on himself.(金华市) ③以下动词后加to do作宾语补足语，也就是sb.(not)to do: encourage,tell,ask,want,allow,get, help,invite等。 例：Mr.Wang asked David to hand (hand)in homework in time. My parents don't allow me to stay (stay)out late at night. ④固定词组后： be+adj.to do,can't wait to do,used to do,would like to do等。 例：I am glad to hear (hear)from you. ⑤固定句型： It is+adj for sb/of sb to dosth.; It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.; ...find it +adj.to do sth.;...make it possible to do sth… 例：It takes me about 30 minutes to go (go)to school by bus. ⑥疑问词后加to do: what/when/how/where +to do.(这个动作通常还未发生) 例：I don't know when to go (go)shopping. Drivers learn the rules of the road and they learn how to be (be)better drivers.(杭州市) doing 判断 doing 的标志: ①动词变动名词作定语修饰后面的名词。 例：Weather and time have turned these amazing (amaze)white walls into Chinese landscape paintings.(苏州市) ②动词在句子开头作主语。 例：Seeing (see)is not believing. ③以下动词后加doing 作宾语：keep,finish,mind,risk,consider,practice,miss,suggest, avoid, practice,enjoy,finish,keep,mind,risk,love,like 等。 例：On the bus ride home,Ann avoided sitting (sit)next to Lily on purpose. (宁波市) "If we offer to help clean its leaves,would you consider keeping (keep)it?"Dad said. (东营市) 动词强化训练营 请在横线上填写括号中所给动词的正确形式，并在句子中划出做题的依据。 Paper-cutting, which originates in China,1.has(have)a history of over 1,500 years.It is a popular traditional folk art in China.During festivals and celebrations,people often use paper-cutting 2.to decorate(decorate)their doors and windows. In the past,paper-cutting was a skill that 3.was taught(teach)to women and girls.But now, men 4.are showing (show)interest in this art,too.The tools 5.needed(need)for paper-cutting are very simple:scissors and paper.However,creating beautiful designs 6.requires(require)a lot of skill.The themes of paper-cutting are diverse. They 7.include(include)flowers,birds,animals,and many other things.Each design 8.shows (show)the artist's unique style. Recently,paper-cutting 9.has become (become)more popular around the world.Many foreigners are interested in this traditional Chinese art. Workshops and exhibitions 10.are held(hold) to introduce this art to people from different cultures.Paper-cutting is not only a beautiful art form,but it also helps promote cultural exchange and understanding. We should 11.value(value)and promote this traditional Chinese art form,so that it can continue 12.to develop(develop)and inspire future generations. (改编自山东日照真题) When I was 20 years old,I had a big dream in my mind.I wanted 1.to travel(travel)around Africa with my backpack.So I left my hometown with confidence (信心)and 2.arrived(arrive)in Cape Town,not really sure what 3.to do(do)next.Luckily,before my trip started,I met a kind, old Nigerian man.I 4.was given(give)the best travel advice I had ever received by him."Be like a student on your way around the world." The advice sounded simple,but it really changed my idea about 5.traveling(travel).He helped me 6.realize(realize)that travel is about learning cultures.It's far too easy 7.to go(go)into a new country and 8. to believe(believe)your ways are better. "But if you study,ask questions,and try 9.to learn(learn)from the locals,you 10.will have(have)far richer experience,"he promised. After seven months of full backpacking in Africa from Cape Town to Cairo,I realized 11.having(have)a student-like mind helped me learn a lot,which 12.satisfied(satisfy)me more than any other trip that ever did to me. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $