期末提分卷（宁波市奉化区卷）-2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

**基本信息** 以真实生活情境与跨学科素材为载体，融合语言能力与核心素养考查，如听力对话涉及地震自救，阅读理解涵盖健康科普与环保议题，书面表达结合防灾演练经历，实现知识应用与价值引领统一。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|15题/20分|日常交际、故事复述|对话情境贴近生活（如乡村露营计划），独白融入名著选段（《神秘岛》）| |阅读理解|20题/40分|健康（血液细胞）、环保（沙尘暴）、文化（志愿服务）|科普文配图表（A篇血细胞对比表），任务型阅读聚焦自信培养策略| |语言运用|40题/40分|语法（文化冲击阶段）、词汇（朱鹮保护）、完形（沙尘暴经历）|完形填空整合灾害防护与环保行动，语法填空渗透跨文化意识| |书面表达|1题/20分|自然力量认知与防灾实践|要求结合暴雨疏散演练经历，体现敬畏自然与应急准备的现实意义|

听力考试正式开始。I'm reading about mount ka lang ma. It's the highest mountain on earth. Yes, it's over eight thousand, eight hundred meters high, and climbing IT is very dangerous. Yes, the weather there can change in just a few minutes. Listen to the next question. mike. Do you read books often? How many books do you usually read in a month? Yes, I do. I usually read three books every month, and i've read four books this month. Listen to the next question. Did you know that walls can communicate with each other using songs? That's amazing. I always thought they swam silently through ocean. Listen to the next question. Am I late for . the concert? Yes, sir, you are ten minutes late. IT began at half past seven. Listen to the next question. Laws's plays, tea house and long zoo are really wonderful. Do you like them? Link, oh. I like his novel tosic best. Listen to the next question. Hey ben, earthquake es are really scary, aren't they? Yeah, I experienced a one in my hometown once. really? How old were you then? I was nine. IT wasn't a big one, but I was still nervous. Did anyone get hurt? Yes. my father was the only one among my family members who got hurt. Hey, ben, earthquakes are really scary. aren't they? Yeah, I experienced a one in my hometown ones. really? How old were you then? I was nine. IT wasn't a big one, but I was still nervous. Did anyone get hurt? Yes, my father was the only one among my family members who got hurt. Listen to the next question. What about going to the countryside near our town? Jack sounds great. I know joy village is a good place. My cousin tina went there last weekend. Is the village big? Not very, but IT has a beautiful river in its north. It's about eight kilometers long. Oh, good. I want to go camping by the river. Good idea, mary. I think we can go there next tuesday. I can drive my . car there. okay? I will buy some food for the trip. What about going to the countryside near our town? Jack sounds great. I know joy village is a good place. My cousin ina went there last weekend. Is the village big? Not very. But IT has a beautiful river in its north. It's about aid, kilometers long. Oh, good. I want to go camping . by the river. Good idea, mary. I think we can go there next tuesday. I can drive my car there. okay? I will buy some food for the trip. Listen to the next question. Hello, i'm Lucy. Today, i'd like to share my favorite book, the secret island. The story takes place on a small island in australia. IT tells an exciting story of some children. The main hero is Henry. He spends the summer with his cousins leo and coco. They get along well and enjoy looking for fun together. One day, they find an old map of a special place. All of them are very brave, so they decide to look forward. My favorite part of the book is their difficult journey along the way, big waves hit their boat and they get lost. Finally, they follow a group of birds carefully and reach the place safely. I love the story from IT. I have learned how to face chAllenges. Later, i'm going to write a review and share IT with more people. Hope you will enjoy this book too. Hello, i'm Lucy. Today, i'd like to share my favorite book, the secret. And the story takes place on a small island in australia. IT tells an exciting story of some children. The main hero is Henry. He spends the summer with his cousins leo and coco. They get along well and enjoy looking for fun together. One day, they find an old map of a special place. All of them are very brave, so they decide to look for IT. My favorite part of the book is they're difficult journey along the way, big waves at their boat, and they get lost. Finally, they follow a group of birds carefully and reach the place safely. I love this story from IT. I have learned how to face chAllenges. Later, i'm going to write a review and share IT with more people. Hope you will enjoy . this book too. 听力部分到此结束。 2025 -2026学年八年级下学期期末提分卷（宁波市奉化区卷） 英 语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 考生注意： 1.本试题卷共10页，满分120分 。考试时间100分钟。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 3.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 4.考试难度：0.75 第一部分 听力 (满分20分) 第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。请从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答案标在试卷的相应位置。（每小题1分） 1．What are they talking about? A．The bad weather. B．A dangerous sport. C．The highest mountain. 2．How many books does Mike usually read every month? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. 3．How do whales communicate with each other? A．By swimming. B．By singing. C．By talking. 4．When did the man get to the concert? A．7:20. B．At 7:30. C．At 7:40. 5．Which of Lao She’s works is Lingling’s favourite? A．Teahouse. B．Longxugou. C．Luotuoxiangzi. 第二节：听下面两段对话。每段对话后有2至3个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答案标在试卷的相应位置。（每小题1.5分） 听下面一段对话，回答下列两个小题。 6．How old was Ben when he experienced an earthquake? A．8. B．9. C．10. 7．Who in Ben’s family got hurt during the earthquake? A．Ben’s mother. B．Ben’s brother. C．Ben’s father. 听下面一段对话，回答三个小题。 8．Who is Tina? A．Jack’s friend. B．Jack’s cousin. C．Jack’s sister. 9．What does Mary want to do in the village? A．Go camping. B．Go swimming. C．Go boating. 10．How will the speakers go to the village? A．By bike. B．By bus. C．By car. 第三节：听下面一段独白，独白后有5个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答案标在试卷的相应位置。（每小题1.5分）。 11．Where does the story take place? A．At a park. B．On an island. C．In a town. 12．Who is the main hero of the book? A．Leo. B．Coco. C．Henry. 13．What are the children like in the book? A．Kind. B．Brave. C．Smart. 14．Which part of the book is Lucy’s favourite? A．The dream. B．The meeting. C．The journey. 15．What will Lucy do with the book later? A．Write a book review. B．Act it out as a play. C．Make a story map. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Hey, everyone! Do you know what’s running in our bodies all the time? It’s blood! And inside the blood, there are some really important little “workers”. Let’s take a close look at three kinds of them: red blood cells (细胞), platelets (血小板), and white blood cells. They might be small, but they play huge roles in keeping us healthy.                   Red blood cells Platelets White blood cells -Give blood its color. -Make up 99% of all blood cells. -Send O2 to the body. -They’re pieces from big blood cells. -When you get a cut, they rush to the wound to stop the bleeding. -Fight diseases in the body. -Normally they are fewer than red blood cells. 16．What’s running in our bodies all the time? A．Cells. B．Water. C．Little workers. D．Blood. 17．What can Red blood cells do? A．Send O2 to the body. B．Fight diseases in the body. C．Make up half of all blood cells. D．Help the body to stop the bleeding. 18．In which part of a magazine can you read this text? A．History. B．Art. C．Health. D．Culture. B ①Have you ever noticed you feel better and happier after helping someone else? Volunteering isn’t just great for the people you support. It can boost your well-being too. Volunteers’ Week takes place every year from 1 to 7 June and is a good opportunity to find out how helping others makes you feel better. ②Volunteering means giving your time, energy or skills without expecting anything in return. Millions of people around the country volunteer every year, and there are lots of ways you can join them, including raising money for charity, helping in your local community garden or park, or even carrying a neighbour’s shopping home. The theme for this year’s Volunteers’ Week is Celebrate and Inspire which highlights all the different people who take part in volunteer activities and the many ways they do volunteer work. ③According to Susan Albers, a psychologist (an expert in thoughts and feelings), volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life. This is because being kind and doing things for other people activate (激活) the reward part of the brain and release (释放) feel-good chemicals like dopamine and serotonin (多巴胺和血清素). ______, such as feeling part of a community, making friends and learning skills. ④There are lots of ways you can volunteer. Albers recommends finding something that is meaningful to you. If you love sports, ask if your club needs help in teaching younger players. If you’re passionate (热情的) about protecting the environment, organize a clean-up of the beach. You could also ask your local library, community centre or school for volunteering opportunities. Make sure you check with your parents before you start, and see if friends or family want to join in. Albers says, “Involving family or friends can be a great way to boost your mental health. It’s free. It’s an activity that everyone can do. It doesn’t require a lot of skills or time.” 19．Which of the following shows an example of volunteering? ①Daniel helps sort books, reshelve (重新上架) books, and guide readers at the local library. ②Simon sells handicrafts to raise enough money and buy his mother a birthday present. ③Suzy becomes a member of the school club and learns more about different manners. ④Mike and his friends help with sorting garbage and cleaning public areas at the community. A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④ 20．Which of the following sentences can be put in the blank in Paragraph 3? A．There are different ways of volunteering. B．Volunteering has many other advantages too. C．On the other hand, there may be some disadvantages too. D．You should pay attention to many things when volunteering. 21．What can we learn from the passage? A．Volunteering always requires a lot of time and skills. B．People can only volunteer by raising money for charity. C．Volunteering can make people feel happier and less stressed. D．You must join a club to become a volunteer. 22．Which best shows the structure of the passage? A．① / ②③④ B．①② / ③ / ④ C．① / ②③ / ④ D．①② / ③④ C Over one hundred years ago, there lived a man named Phileas Fogg. For many years, he led a very quiet life. He spent every day at his club, where rich men went to meet their friends. Every morning, he left his house at exactly 11:30 and walked 576 steps to his club. Then he ate lunch. After lunch, Fogg read three newspapers from cover to cover. Then he ate supper. After that, he played cards with friends. At midnight, he went home to bed before doing exactly the same the next day. But one Wednesday, everything changed. Fogg read some amazing news in his paper. “Listen to this,” he announced (宣告) to his friends. “It says it’s possible to travel around the world in only eighty days!” Although his friends had a laugh over that, Fogg was sure he could do it. When one friend bet (打赌) that it couldn’t be done, Fogg replied, “I will bet twenty thousand pounds that I can go around the world in eighty days or less!” Everyone thought he was crazy but Fogg had made up his mind. “I shall be back on December 21st,” he said. As soon as he arrived home, Fogg asked Passepartout, his butler (男管家), to pack a small bag. Luckily, Passepartout moved very quickly. In less than ten minutes, they were on their way to the station and at 8:45 exactly, the train pulled out, Fogg and Passepartout were off on their great adventure. They were heading for the coast, where they could catch a boat to France. But they were also heading straight for trouble. Adapted from Around the World in Eighty Days. 23．How did the author start the story? A．By introducing the main character. B．By setting a good example. C．By describing a peaceful scene. D．By expressing his opinion. 24．What was Fogg’s life like according to Paragraph 1 and 2? A．Happy and exciting. B．Quiet and regular. C．Boring and dangerous. D．Busy and peaceful. 25．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．To turn a deaf ear to his friends’ laughter B．To have a twenty-thousand-pound bet. C．To travel around the world in 80 days. D．To read some amazing news to his friends. 26．According to the last paragraph, what might happen after they got on the boat? A．They might have a safe trip without trouble. B．They might get into trouble during the trip. C．They might visit their friend named trouble. D．They might take a boat for the whole trip. D One day, you open the refrigerator and find some mouldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She cuts off the mouldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this? Mould can grow on almost all kinds of foods. Mould is usually green, white, black or grey. Mould makes food soft and changes its colour. Mouldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mould in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually holds water. This makes it easy for mould to grow below its surface (表面). Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. But it’s easy to remove mould from hard food. Mould can’t grow very far inside this kind of food. According to the research, you should cut off about 2.5 cm around and below the mould to remove it. It’s OK to cut off the mouldy parts from hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is totally covered with mould, you should still throw it away. Most kinds of mould are bad for us. But some kinds of mould can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many kinds of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well. 27．How does the writer start the passage? A．By making a comparison. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By drawing a picture. 28．What should you do if you find mould on a hot dog? A．You can eat it as usual. B．You should throw it away. C．You can cut off the mouldy part and eat the rest. D．You should boil it in hot water first and then eat it. 29．What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Food. B．Bread. C．The refrigerator. D．Water. 30．Which of the following is TRUE about mould? A．It is always green or white. B．We can’t see it with our eyes. C．It can grow more easily on hard food. D．Not all mould is bad for our health. 第二节 任务型阅读(共5题，每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，从所给的选项中选出正确选项， 并回答最后小题。 Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life. If people are more confident, they are much happier. And they can have more chances to be successful. Here are some suggestions to be more confident. ★Speak loudly. When you are not confident, you can’t do well in what you want to do. Try to speak loudly enough so that people can hear you clearly. ★Play sports. A strong body helps you be full of confidence. ★ Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Give yourself praise (表扬) for the good things you have done. ★ Develop a hobby. If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you excellent. And it will make you happy and confident. A．The loud voice can help you become more confident. B．Physical exercise makes you tired but strong. C．Encourage yourself. D．It is helpful to develop a healthy attitude (态度). E．Keep writing every day and better your writing. 31． 32． 33． 34． 35．What other advice would you give on becoming more confident? (不超过15词） 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15 小题，每小题1分，满分15 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Last month, our city experienced a strong sandstorm, which made me realize the great power of natural forces. Before that day, I only learned about sandstorms in Unit 9 textbooks and thought they were far away from my daily life. Early in the morning, the sky turned dark yellow suddenly. Strong winds 36 street trees and blew plastic bags everywhere. My mother quickly closed all doors and windows, and covered window gaps with wet towels to stop sand from 37 indoors. My father took out our family emergency kit, which we had prepared after the school safety lecture. Inside there were bottled water, high-energy biscuits, bandages and a hand-cranked flashlight 38 batteries. At school, teachers canceled outdoor PE class and organized us to review sandstorm self-rescue knowledge. Our geography teacher told us that sandstorms mainly form because of long-time drought and serious soil erosion. Human activities such as overgrazing and blind tree cutting 39 this natural disaster to worsen. Many students took notes carefully, because we understood that knowing prevention skills was much more 40 than only reading textbook sentences. In the afternoon, the sandstorm weakened slowly. We walked home with masks covering our noses and mouths. On the way, we saw street cleaners working hard to 41 sand piles on roads. Some community volunteers helped the elderly clean sand from their balconies. I joined them without hesitation, and my desk mate 42 me together. We spent one hour sweeping the sidewalk, tired but satisfied. This unusual experience changed my attitude toward forces of nature. I used to think natural disasters were just exam topics, but now I know they can directly influence public safety. Our class decided to start a small environmental project: we would make leaflets about 43 sandstorm risks and hand them out in the community on weekends. We also planned to plant saplings on the hills on the city edge to 44 soil and reduce wind damage. Teachers told us teenagers could not stop natural disasters alone, but we could do small things to lower risks. Saving water, protecting green plants and learning disaster skills are simple actions, yet they make a big 45 . From Unit 9 to Unit 11, every lesson about nature teaches us to respect natural rules, instead of trying to control powerful natural forces blindly. Several weeks later, we held a class speech contest about natural disaster prevention. I wrote my speech based on the sandstorm experience and won the third prize. When standing on the platform, I told classmates that understanding nature is the best way to 46 ourselves. Many students said they would prepare personal emergency kits and take part in environmental volunteer activities. Life always brings unexpected natural challenges. Textbook knowledge builds our theoretical foundation, while real-life experiences 47 our practical abilities. We should not wait for disasters to arrive before making preparations. Instead, we should take action 48 so that we can keep safe when thunderstorms, floods or sandstorms come. Finally, I keep my mask and emergency whistle in my schoolbag every day as a 49 . It reminds me never to ignore the power of nature and always stay ready. Studying Units 9—11 not only improves my English grades, but also shapes my safety awareness, which is the most 50 lesson I have learned this term. 36．A．pulled down B．put down C．cut down D．turned down 37．A．blowing B．entering C．falling D．pouring 38．A．with B．for C．without D．over 39．A．help B．make C．let D．cause 40．A．boring B．valuable C．difficult D．strange 41．A．clear B．build C．move D．cover 42．A．stopped B．followed C．refused D．doubted 43．A．increasing B．avoiding C．judging D．spreading 44．A．loosen B．dig C．fix D．carry 45．A．mistake B．promise C．difference D．decision 46．A．protect B．introduce C．enjoy D．improve 47．A．check B．develop C．waste D．test 48．A．in time B．at last C．once again D．from time to time 49．A．toy B．gift C．reminder D．treasure 50．A．traditional B．basic C．common D．valuable 第二节 词汇运用(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) A.将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 memory,  return,  although,  be interested in,  build Many Chinese people these days leave their hometowns to work in the cities. They usually 51 to their hometowns once or twice a year. Zhong Wei hasn’t been back for nearly three years. He has worked in a factory in Wenzhou for 13 years. 52 it is only about ten hours’ coach ride, he is just too busy to go back. People like him 53 how their hometowns are changing. New buildings are often 54 by the government. Zhong Wei thinks these changes are good because things need to change in order to become better. But he also thinks some things will never change, and that his hometown is still the place that holds all his soft and sweet 55 . B;阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 Crested ibises (朱鹮) are one of the oldest birds in the world. They have been on earth for about 60 56 (百万) years. There were once 57 (普通的) in Asia. But in the 1960s, they were in 58 (危险) because they couldn’t find enough food to eat. Soon it became hard to see them. Some Chinese scientists were worried about this. They spent several years looking for them in most 59 (地区) in China. At last, in May 1981, Liu Yinzeng and his team found seven 60 (野生的) crested ibises in Hanzhong, Shaanxi. “That night, I saw a crested ibis flying across the sky. It was really 61 (令人激动的). Finally, we 62 (发现) another six crested ibises,” Liu said. The team then started studying and 63 (保护) them. With their help, the number of crested ibises is becoming larger in China, 64 (尤其) in Shaanxi. Now the population of crested ibises is 65 (超过) 7, 000. There are about 5,000 alone in Shaanxi. “I couldn’t thank her enough for helping me when I needed it the most.” Parchment said. 第三节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Culture Shock and the Model of Cultural Adjustment If you travel to a foreign country, you may feel 66 (confuse), strange or nervous. This feeling is called “culture shock”. People experience culture shock for different 67 (reason). They may not know the language or local culture. They may also miss 68 (they) relatives and friends at home. Culture shock usually follows four phases, also known as “the model (模式) of cultural adjustment”. The Honeymoon Phase (蜜月阶段)—It is exciting to arrive in a foreign country. Everything is so new and unfamiliar 69 it is fun to explore the new place and learn about the local culture. The Negotiation Phase (谈判阶段)—After 70 while, you begin to feel unhappy about life in the new country. Everything 71 (feel) difficult, and you get angry or sad very easily. You find it difficult 72 (communicate) with people around you. You may get really homesick and lonely. The Adjustment Phase (调整阶段)—During this phase, you 73 (slow) start to face the difficulties. You know what to expect in most situations and the host country no longer feels all that new. You start to accept the local culture, and you also learn how to deal 74 the things you do not like. The Adaptation Phase (适应阶段)—You finally begin to feel at home in the new culture, and the 75 (tradition) customs are not a big problem any more. It can be hard to adjust when you return to your home country after you have been away for a long time. Some people even experience a new culture shock when they come back home. This is called reverse culture shock. 第四部分 书面表达 (共一节，满分20分) 76．假定你是八年级学生李华，你们学校英文公众号正在开展主题征文活动，题目为What I Learn from Natural Forces。请你根据要点提示写一篇英语短文投稿。 要点： 1.学习内容：雷电、山洪、火山等自然力量，掌握基础自救常识； 2.个人经历：上周班级模拟暴雨疏散演练的过程与感受； 3.个人感悟：敬畏自然，做好应急准备，青少年学习防灾知识的意义。 要求： 1.词数100左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3.不得出现真实校名、人名，紧扣单元话题原创写作。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B B C C B C B A C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C B C A D A C C B 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C A A B C B C B D D 题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 A B C D B A B B C C 题号 46 47 48 49 50 答案 A B A C D 1．C 【原文】A: I’m reading about Mount Qomolangma. It’s the highest mountain on Earth. B: Yes, it’s over 8,800 meters high. Climbing it is very dangerous.   A: Yes, the weather there can change in just a few minutes. 2．B 【原文】W: Mike, do you read books often? How many books do you usually read in a month? M: Yes, I do. I usually read three books every month. And I’ve read four books this month. 3．B 【原文】W: Did you know that whales can communicate with each other using songs? M: That’s amazing! I always thought they swam silently through ocean. 4．C 【原文】M: Am I late for the concert? W: Yes, sir. You are ten minutes late. It began at half past seven. 5．C 【原文】A: Lao She’s plays Teahouse and Longxugou are really wonderful. Do you like them, Lingling? B: Oh. I like his novel Luotuoxiangzi best. 6．B 7．C 【原文】W: Hey, Ben. Earthquakes are really scary, aren’t they? M: Yeah, I experienced a one in my hometown once. W: Really? How old were you then? M: I was nine. It wasn’t a big one, but I was still nervous. W: Did anyone get hurt? M: Yes, my father was the only one among my family members who got hurt. 8．B 9．A 10．C 【原文】W: What about going to the countryside near our town, Jack? M: Sounds great. I know Joy Village is a good place. My cousin Tina went there last weekend. W: Is the village big? M: Not very. But it has a beautiful river in its north. It’s about 8 kilometers long. W: Oh, good. I want to go camping by the river. M: Good idea, Mary. W: I think we can go there next Tuesday. I can drive my car there. M: OK. I will buy some food for the trip. 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．A 【原文】 Hello, I’m Lucy. Today, I’d like to share my favorite book, The Secret Island. The story takes place on a small island in Australia. It tells an exciting story of some children. The main hero is Henry. He spends the summer with his cousins, Leo and Coco. They get along well and enjoy looking for fun together. One day, they find an old map of a special place. All of them are very brave, so they decide to look for it. My favorite part of the book is their difficult journey. Along the way, big waves hit their boat and they get lost. Finally, they follow a group of birds carefully and reach the place safely. I love this story. From it, I have learnt how to face challenges. Later, I am going to write a review and share it with more people. Hope you will enjoy this book too. 16．D 17．A 18．C 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍人体血液中的三种重要细胞：红细胞、血小板和白细胞，分别说明了它们各自的特点以及在维持人体健康中发挥的重要作用。 16．根据第一段第二、三句“Do you know what’s running in our bodies all the time? It’s blood!”可知，一直在我们身体里流动的是血液。 17．根据表格中红细胞对应的介绍“Send O2 to the body.”可知，红细胞可以向身体输送氧气；B是白细胞功能；C数值与原文99%不符；D是血小板功能，故排除。 18．文章主要介绍人体血液及各类血细胞的健康常识，属于健康科普内容，最有可能出现在杂志的健康板块。历史、艺术、文化板块均不符合文章内容。 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．A 本文以“助人使人快乐”开篇，介绍了志愿活动的含义、形式以及年度志愿周。结合心理学观点，解释了志愿活动能够缓解压力、愉悦身心的原因，并补充了社交、学习技能等附加益处。 19．第二段“Volunteering means giving your time, energy or skills without expecting anything in return.”说明志愿服务意味着不求回报地付出时间、精力或技能，①Daniel在图书馆帮忙；④Mike在社区清理垃圾均符合不求回报帮助他人的定义；②是为了给母亲买礼物，③是为了学习礼仪，均带有明确的个人回报目的，因此符合志愿服务的是①④。 20． 第三段“According to Susan Albers, a psychologist (an expert in thoughts and feelings), volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life.”提到了志愿服务能减轻压力、改善心情等好处。空格后“such as feeling part of a community, making friends and learning skills.”列举了“感觉融入社区、交朋友、学习技能”等更多益处。B选项“Volunteering has many other advantages too.”能承上启下，引出后文列举的额外优势。 21．第三段“According to Susan Albers, a psychologist (an expert in thoughts and feelings), volunteering has been shown to reduce stress and make you feel better about your life.”说明志愿服务能减轻压力并让人感觉更好。 22．第一段引出志愿服务话题及其对情绪的积极影响，为总起；第二段介绍定义，第三段介绍益处，第四段介绍参与方式，这三段分别从不同方面具体阐述，为分述。因此结构为①总起，②③④分述。对应选项A。 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．B 本文节选自《八十天环游地球》，是一篇记叙文，讲述主人公Phileas Fogg原本过着规律平静的生活，偶然看到八十天环游世界的新闻后，和朋友打赌两万英镑完成这件事，随后立刻带着管家出发开启冒险旅程，并暗示旅途将遭遇麻烦。 23．原文首段开篇“Over one hundred years ago, there lived a man named Phileas Fogg.”，作者开篇直接介绍主人公。 24．原文第一段“he led a very quiet life”及第二段详细描写他每天分毫不差的固定行程，说明他的生活安静且十分有规律。 25．前文提到“It says it’s possible to travel around the world in only eighty days!”，朋友打赌这件事做不到，此处it指代“八十天环游世界”这件事。 26．原文最后一句“But they were also heading straight for trouble.”，暗示他们在旅途中会遇上麻烦。 27．C 28．B 29．D 30．D 本文介绍了发霉食物的处理方法：软质食物（如面包、西红柿）发霉应直接扔掉，硬质食物可切掉发霉部分（切除周围2.5cm）后食用，并指出有些霉菌可用于制作奶酪。 27．文章第一段描述了打开冰箱发现发霉食物，母亲切掉发霉部分继续吃这一具体生活情境，以此引入关于霉菌食品安全的话题，属于举例说明（By giving an example）。 28．根据第二段中“If you find mould in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually holds water.”可知，热狗（hot dogs）被归类为软食物，如果发现发霉，应该直接扔掉。 29．根据第二段划线词前一句“Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually holds water.”以及后文“makes it easy for mould to grow…”可知，“This”指代的是前句提到的“水（Water）”，因为水分使得霉菌容易在食物表面下生长。 30．根据最后一段“Most kinds of mould are bad for us. But some kinds of mould can be used to make food.”可知，并非所有霉菌都对健康有害，有些是有益的。A项颜色不止绿白；B项文中描述了颜色说明可见；C项文中指出软食物更易滋生霉菌。 31．D 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．Face challenges bravely and learn from mistakes. 本文主要介绍了自信在日常生活当中非常重要，并且给出了一些能让人变得更自信的建议。 31．根据“Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life.”以及“If people are more confident, they are much happier. And they can have more chances to be successful.”可知，自信很重要，能让人更快乐且获得更多成功机会，所以培养健康的态度是有帮助的，选项D“培养一种健康的态度是有益的。”符合语境。故选D。 32．根据“Try to speak loudly enough so that people can hear you clearly.”可知尽量说大声一点，这样人们就能听清楚你的话了，选项A“响亮的声音能帮你变得更加自信。”符合语境。故选A。 33．根据“Play sports.”以及“A strong body helps you be full of confidence.”可知，此处说的是运动对身体的影响，选项B“体育锻炼会让你感到疲惫，但也会让你变得强壮。”符合语境。故选B。 34．根据“Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Give yourself praise (表扬) for the good things you have done.”可知，此处说的是要鼓励自己，选项C“鼓励自己。”符合语境。故选C。 35．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Face challenges bravely and learn from mistakes. 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．A 42．B 43．B 44．C 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．D 本文主要讲述了作者通过亲身经历一场强沙尘暴，从最初认为自然灾害离自己很远，到后来认识到自然力量的强大和预防的重要性。文章描述了沙尘暴发生时的场景、学校的应对措施、作者参与社区志愿服务的经历，以及由此引发的对环境保护和安全意识的深刻反思。 36．强风刮倒了街边的树木，把塑料袋吹得到处都是。 根据后文“blew plastic bags everywhere”可知，风力很大，对树木造成了破坏。“pull down”意为“拉倒、拆毁”，符合强风将树刮倒的语境，“put down”意为“放下”，不符合语境。“cut down”意为“砍倒”，通常指人为动作，“turn down”意为“拒绝、调低”，均不符合语境。 37．我的母亲迅速关好所有门窗，并用湿毛巾堵住窗户缝隙，以防止沙子进入室内。 根据前文“covered window gaps with wet towels”可知，目的是阻止沙子从缝隙中进来，“entering”意为“进入”，符合语境。“blowing”意为“吹”，“falling”意为“落下”，“pouring”意为“倾倒”均不符合语境。 38．里面有瓶装水、高能饼干、绷带和一个不需要电池的手摇手电筒。 根据常识及“hand-cranked”可知，这种手电筒的特点是不需要电池，“without”意为“没有、无需”，符合语境。“with”意为“带有”，“for”意为“为了”，“over”意为“在……上方”不符合语境。 39．人类活动如过度放牧和盲目砍伐树木会加剧这种自然灾害。 “this natural disaster to worsen”提示上文提到的人类活动会造成这种自然灾害加剧，“cause sth. to do sth.”意为“导致某事发生/使某物做某事”，符合语境中人类活动导致灾害恶化的逻辑。“help”意为“帮助”；“make”后接不带to的不定式（make sb. do sth.），结构不符；“let”后也接不带to的不定式。 40．许多学生认真做笔记，因为我们明白了解预防技能比只读课本句子更有价值。 前文提到老师们讲解成因，学生们认真记录，说明他们认识到这些知识的重要性，“valuable”意为“有价值的、宝贵的”，符合语境；“boring”意为“无聊的”，“difficult”意为“困难的”，“strange”意为“奇怪的”，均不符合语境。 41．在路上，我们看到环卫工人在努力清理道路上的沙堆。 “street cleaners working hard”和“sand piles on roads”表明是清除沙堆，应用clear。build“建造”、move“移动”、cover“覆盖”均不符合逻辑。 42．我毫不犹豫地加入了他们，我的同桌也跟着我一起。 前文说“I joined them”，同桌也跟随加入，应用followed。“stopped”意为“停止”，“refused”意为“拒绝”，“doubted”意为“怀疑”，均不符合语境。 43．我们将制作关于避免沙尘暴风险的宣传单，并在周末在社区分发。 “sandstorm risks and hand them out in the community on weekends.”提示是制作关于避免沙尘暴风险的宣传单，应用avoiding“避免”。increasing“增加”、judging“判断”、spreading“传播”均不符合语境。 44．我们还计划在城市边缘的山坡上种植树苗以固定土壤并减少风害。 “plant saplings on the hills”提示种树的目的是固定土壤防止风蚀，应用fix“固定”。loosen“松开”、dig“挖”、carry“搬运”均不符合语境。 45．节节约用水、保护绿色植物和学习灾害技能是简单的行动，但它们能产生巨大的影响。 “Saving water, protecting green plants and learning disaster skills”这些行动能产生影响，“make a big difference”是固定搭配，意为“产生巨大影响、起重要作用”，符合语境。mistake“错误”、promise“承诺”、decision“决定”均不符合搭配。 46．当我站在讲台上时，我告诉同学们，了解自然是保护我们自己的最好方式。 防灾的最终目的是保护自己，应用protect“保护”。introduce“介绍”、enjoy“享受”、improve“改善”均不符合语境。 47．教科书知识构建了我们的理论基础，而现实生活经验培养了我们的实践能力。 此处与“builds theoretical foundation”对应，生活经验对实践能力的作用是“培养、发展”，“develop”意为“发展、培养”，符合语境。check“检查”、waste“浪费”、test“测试”均不符合逻辑。 48．相反，我们应该及时采取行动，以便在暴风雨、洪水或沙尘暴来临时保持安全。 “we should take action”提示为了在灾害来临时能保持安全，需要及时行动，应用in time“及时”。at last“最终”、once again“再一次”、from time to time“偶尔”均不符合语境。 49．最后，我每天把口罩和应急哨子放在书包里作为一个提醒。 “It reminds me never to ignore the power of nature”表明这是一个提醒物，应用reminder。toy“玩具”、gift“礼物”、treasure“珍宝”均不符合语境。 50．学习第9至11单元不仅提高了我的英语成绩，还塑造了我的安全意识，这是我本学期学到的最有价值的一课。 全文强调防灾意识的重要性，说明这是最有价值的一课，应用valuable“珍贵的，有价值的”。traditional“传统的”、basic“基本的”、common“普通的”均不符合语境。 51．return 52．Although 53．are interested in 54．built 55．memories 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了外出务工人员对家乡的思念，以及家乡的发展变化，表达了他们对家乡的情感与记忆。 51．他们通常每年回家乡一两次。上文“leave their hometowns to work in the cities”，此处表示“返回”家乡，主语为复数，句子为一般现在时，用return。 52．虽然坐大巴只需要大约10个小时，但他太忙了回不去。前后句为转折关系，需用引导让步状语从句的连词，句首首字母大写，用Although。 53．像他这样的人对家乡的变化很感兴趣。此处缺少谓语，表达“对家乡的变化很感兴趣”，主语为复数，句子为一般现在时，“are interested in”符合。 54．新建筑经常由政府建造。此处表达“由政府建造”，主语“New buildings”与“build”为被动关系，句子为一般现在时的被动语态，需用过去分词built。 55．但他也认为有些东西永远不会改变，他的家乡仍然是承载着他所有温柔甜蜜回忆的地方。此处表达“温柔甜蜜回忆的地方”，“all”后接可数名词复数，用memories。 56．million 57．common 58．danger 59．areas 60．wild 61．exciting 62．found/discovered 63．protecting 64．especially 65．over 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了朱鹮是世界上最古老的鸟类之一，曾经在亚洲很常见，但在 20 世纪 60 年代因食物不足而处于危险之中，难以见到。中国科学家经过多年寻找，终于在 1981 年在陕西汉中发现了七只野生朱鹮，随后团队开始研究和保护它们，在他们的努力下，朱鹮数量在中国尤其在陕西不断增加，现在数量已超过 7000 只。 56．它们已经在地球上存在了大约6000万年。“million”意为”百万”，当”million”前有具体数字时，“million”用单数形式，“60 million years”表示”6000万年”。故填million。 57．它们曾经在亚洲很常见。“were”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“普通的”英文是”common”。故填common。 58．但在 20 世纪 60 年代，它们处于危险之中，因为它们找不到足够的食物吃。“in danger”是固定短语，意为”处于危险之中”，符合语境。故填danger。 59．他们花了几年时间在中国的大部分地区寻找它们。“most”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，“地区”的英文是”area”，是可数名词，这里用复数形式”areas”。故填areas。 60．最后，在 1981 年 5 月，刘荫增和他的团队在陕西汉中发现了七只野生朱鹮。“ibises”是名词，前面用形容词修饰，“野生的”英文是”wild”。故填wild。 61．那真的很令人激动。“was”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“令人激动的”英文是”exciting”，修饰物”看到朱鹮这件事”。故填exciting。 62．最后，我们又发现了另外六只朱鹮。根据前文”in May 1981, Liu Yinzeng and his team found seven...”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，“发现”的英文可以是”find”或”discover”，“find”的过去式是”found”，“discover”的过去式是”discovered”。故填found/discovered。 63．然后这个团队开始研究并保护它们。“start doing sth.”是固定用法，意为”开始做某事”，“and”连接并列成分，“studying”是动名词，所以”保护”的英文”protect”也要用动名词形式”protecting”。故填protecting。 64．在他们的帮助下，朱鹮的数量在中国正在变得越来越多，尤其在陕西。这里修饰整个句子，“尤其”的英文是”especially”，是副词。故填especially。 65．现在朱鹮的数量超过了7000只。“超过”的英文是”over”，这里表示数量上的超过。故填over。 66．confused 67．reasons 68．their 69．that 70．a 71．feels 72．to communicate 73．slowly 74．with 75．traditional 本文介绍了文化冲击的含义、产生原因，详细讲解了文化适应模型的四个阶段，最后提及反向文化冲击。 66．如果你去国外旅行，你可能会感到困惑、陌生或者紧张。feel是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，修饰人用形容词confused。 67．人们因为不同的原因经历文化冲击。“different”表明，空处需用名词复数形式。 68．他们也可能会想念他们留在国内的亲戚和朋友。此处需要修饰名词短语relatives and friends，要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。 69．一切都如此新鲜陌生，以至于探索新地方、了解当地文化都很有趣。此处为so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句。 70．一段时间过后，你开始对在新国家的生活感到不开心。after a while是固定短语，意为“过了一会儿，一段时间之后”。 71．一切都觉得困难，你很容易生气或是难过。本文主体时态是一般现在时，主语Everything是复合不定代词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数。 72．你发现和周围的人交流很困难。此处为固定结构find it+形容词+to do sth，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 73．在这个阶段，你会慢慢开始面对困难。此处修饰动词start，需要用副词形式。 74．你开始接纳当地文化，也学会了如何处理你不喜欢的事情。deal with是固定短语，意为“处理，应对”。 75．你最终开始在新文化中感到自在，传统习俗也不再是大问题了。此处修饰名词customs，需要用形容词，tradition的形容词为traditional。 76．参考范文 What I Learn from Natural Forces In Units 9 to 11, I have learned various powerful natural forces such as thunderstorms, floods and volcanic activities, and mastered basic self-rescue knowledge against terrible disasters. Last week, our class held a heavy rain evacuation drill. We followed teachers’ clear orders, moved to higher floors orderly and practiced hiding away from windows. I felt nervous at first but calmed down after knowing standard safety steps. From these studies, I realize we must respect nature deeply. Teenagers should learn disaster prevention skills and prepare emergency kits. The knowledge can protect us when dangerous natural events happen around us. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：征文，一般现在时（介绍所学知识）、一般过去时（讲述演练经历） 明确要点：1. 学习雷电、山洪、火山等自然力量与自救常识；2. 上周暴雨疏散演练过程与个人感受；3. 敬畏自然、做好应急准备、青少年学习防灾知识的意义 确定人称：第一人称 (I/we/my) 注意事项：不得出现真实校名、人名，词数控制100词左右，紧扣自然灾害单元话题原创写作 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明课堂所学，介绍各类自然力量与基础自救知识 主体段：记叙上周班级暴雨疏散演练完整过程，写出自身前后心情变化 结尾段：抒发感悟，阐述敬畏自然、常备应急物资、青少年学习防灾知识的重要意义 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：学习各类自然力量与自救常识 自然力量：thunderstorms/floods/volcanic activities/typhoon/earthquake/mudslide等 自救知识：basic self-rescue knowledge/disaster prevention skills/safety rules等 学习途径：learn from textbooks/study in class/take safety lessons/watch disaster videos等 学习收获：master useful skills/know how to escape danger/keep safe in disasters等 要点二：暴雨疏散演练经历 演练名称：heavy rain evacuation drill/flood escape practice等 演练过程：follow teachers’ orders/move to higher floors orderly/hide away from windows/line up quietly/avoid low-lying areas/stay away from glass等 内心感受：felt nervous at first/calmed down/worried at the beginning/felt safe after practice等 要点三：个人感悟与防灾意义 对待自然：respect nature deeply/be in awe of natural power等 应急准备：prepare emergency kits/store food and water/make safety plans等 青少年意义：protect ourselves when disasters happen/help family stay safe/pass on safety knowledge等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $