精品解析：江苏南京市宁海中学2025-2026学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

高二年级期末测试 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共25题，共50分） A Online activity can be riddled with cyberbullying (网络霸凌). To find out which app is the best to keep your kids safe online, we tested four apps over five weeks. ● Mobicip Premium $8 per month (billed annually at $96) for 20 managed devices at Mobicip Mobicip Premium’s social media and screen time monitoring were all strong. We found its app blocking, website content monitoring, and location tracking capabilities to be powerful as well. ● Net Nanny $90 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Net Nanny The user interface (界面) of this app is family-friendly and visually engaging, featuring cartoons of parents and casual language. The web filtering, screen time allocation (分配), and app management functions are all capable. ● OurPact Premium+ $100 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at OurPact This app requires that we pair our child’s device to our computer with a cable and download the OurPact Jr. app. The Screen Time capability is personalized to fit our child’s schedule. ● Qustodio Premium Small $55 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Qustodio The thoughtfully designed web interface makes Qustodio Premium Basic easy to operate. Its web filtering and game blocking features were powerful. This app is available for Android, Chromebook, iOS, Kindle, macOS and Windows, though not all features are supported across all platforms. 1. Who are the target readers of this passage? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. D. Employers. 2. Which app is the cheapest for 20 managed devices annually? A. Mobicip Premium. B. Net Nanny. C. OurPact Premium+. D. Qustodio Premium Small. 3. What is special about Net Nanny? A. Location tracking. B. Game blocking. C. Content storage. D. Cartoon interface. B Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 4. What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A. The threat of regional progress. B. The appeal of amazing scenery. C. A search for thrilling experiences. D. A childhood bond with ancient art. 5. What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A. Art is the mirror of nature. B. Art inspires human wisdom. C. Art is deeply rooted in humans. D. Art can’t exist without materials. 6. Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A. Systematic. B. Brain-tearing. C. Painstaking. D. Eventful. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B. Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C. Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D. Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography C A person visiting an eye doctor for an annual exam sits in front of a desk-top machine equipped with a bright red headset and eyepiece. The patient is told to hold still while one eye is briefly scanned by an infrared light-based method that can image the retina (视网膜) with a matchless level of detail, obtaining high-resolution images within seconds. This painless scanning technique, known as optical coherence tomography (OCT), is used millions of times per year in the US to identify eye diseases. But research suggests it may be used to detect early brain changes caused by Alzheimer’s disease, even years before symptoms appear. Such an application is possible because the retina is part of the central nervous system and shares many of the same cells and structures of the brain. Numerous studies have found that many of Alzheimer’s indicators are visible in the eyes of people who have died with the disease. The features of Alzheimer’s can be detected long before cognitive (认知) symptoms appear. Alzheimer’s disease begins slowly, with changes in the brain that can occur years, if not decades, before symptoms appear. To stop it in its tracks, we need early detection — ideally before the brain’s architecture is damaged. This insight has brought new urgency to the search for reliable biomarkers. In recent years, researchers have made progress in developing blood and spinal fluid (脊髓液) tests that indicate the presence of Alzheimer’s features. For example, amyloid PET imaging, the current gold standard, uses radioactive tracers to detect harmful proteins in the brain, but it is costly and technically demanding. As promising as new blood tests are, detecting Alzheimer’s in millions of at-risk individuals requires tools that are not only accurate but also affordable and scalable. OCT may meet these needs. As a widely available and widely applicable method of early detection, OCT could be practical for population screening in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, Japan, China, and South Korea. 8. How does the author introduce the topic in the first paragraph? A. By describing a common scene. B. By presenting research findings. C. By explaining a medical term. D. By comparing different techniques. 9. What makes OCT a potential tool for detecting Alzheimer’s disease? A. It can create images of the brain directly. B. It helps discover eye problems at an early age. C. It reveals brain-related changes in the retina. D. It tracks the progression of cognitive decline. 10. What is the disadvantage of amyloid PET imaging? A. It cannot find early signs of Alzheimer’s. B. It is expensive and difficult to operate. C. It produces inaccurate results easily. D. It relies on too many blood samples. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward OCT’s future application? A. Neutral. B. Unclear. C. Critical. D. Optimistic D Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty (有过失的) of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy (IOIA)”. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety, and general stress, ” says Angus Fletcher, a researcher at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ” In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging (合并) with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. Group three was the control group that read both sets of the arguments. They found the majority of the first two groups believed they had enough information to decide what to do. They said they would follow the recommendations in the article they read and thought others would make the same decision. About 55 percent of the control group recommended the schools merge. The team calls this belief IOIA. Fletcher describes it as, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs to know. This makes us leap to confident conclusions and decisive judgments, when we miss necessary information. ” The team also found some were willing to change their minds — once they had all the facts. Timing also plays a role. The people in the study changed their opinions that were recently formed, not long-held beliefs. According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I'm missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. 12. What was the main goal of Fletcher’s research? A. To find ways to improve debate skills. B. To identify types of information sources. C. To explain why it is necessary to stick to facts. D. To explore how to minimize misunderstandings. 13. Why did participants in Group one and two tend to have IOIA? A. They held deep-rooted beliefs. B. They received a lot of false information. C. They were exposed to one-sided arguments. D. They were worried about the school’s situation. 14. What does Fletcher suggest to fight IOIA? A. Establishing interpersonal bonds. B. Seeking to bridge the information gap. C. Encouraging others to see the big picture. D. Stressing the weaknesses in others’ positions. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Why Do People Insist They Are Correct? B. Does Interpersonal Conflict Lead to Stress? C. Can Conversations Affect What We Believe? D. What Contributes to Sensible Decision-making? (七选五) In today’s fast-paced world, fragmented reading (碎片化阅读) has become a common practice among students and adults alike. This style of reading involves consuming short, disconnected pieces of information from phones, social media and other digital platforms, often in 5 — 10-minute bursts between classes or during breaks. ____16____ But it also brings challenges that affect how we process and remember what we read. Many people turn to fragmented reading to make use of small free moments in their busy schedules. Instead of carrying heavy books, they can glance through news updates, short stories or study tips on their phones. This way, they feel productive even when they don’t have time for long reading sessions. For students preparing for exams, fragmented reading seems like a good way to review key points. ____17____ However, this reading style has its downsides. Studies show that jumping between different topics makes it hard to focus deeply on any single piece of information. ____18____ This can lead to weaker understanding and poor memory. Young people who often read in fragments may find it more difficult to finish long articles or books later, as their ability to focus gets used to constant changes. ____19____ Using short reading sessions to explore new topics can develop interest, while setting aside longer periods for focused study helps build strong knowledge foundations. Students can also train themselves to take notes and summarize key points from fragmented materials, turning disconnected facts into a connected network of knowledge. We should be aware of both the benefits and limits of fragmented reading. ____20____ It can serve as a helpful tool rather than a replacement for deeper, more meaningful reading experiences. A. Use this modern practice wisely. B. It offers quick access to diverse content. C. Our brains struggle to connect ideas from unrelated short texts. D. Fragmented reading is becoming less popular among teenagers. E. It allows them to do this without spending hours on a single subject. F. Deep reading is more important than fragmented reading for students. G. The key lies in balancing fragmented reading with traditional deep reading. 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15题，共15分） It was a weekend in May 2018 and my partner, Gabe Rosescu, and I were taking a road trip to visit friends in Nelson, British Columbia. At around 5:30 pm, we were driving on a ____21____ mountain road. I was ____22____ updates to my family and enjoying the view. We weren’t aware there’d recently been ____23____ in the area. When I looked up from my phone, I saw a wave of mud and an enormous tree rushing down the mountain. We tried to ____24____ the car, but it was too late. The mudslide ____25____ our car dropping nearly 300 metres down a rocky cliff. It landed on its side among some trees. I don’t know how long I was ____26____ , but I woke up to the painful sound of Gabe. He ____27____ over the steering wheel (方向盘), and there was blood everywhere. Outside my passenger window there was a steep cliff. We were both injured. We had no phone ____28____ , so all we could think to do was yell for help. We were ____29____ when, after just a few minutes, we heard someone call back. Four bystanders had ____30____ us and waded (涉水) through waist-deep mud to rescue us. We couldn’t walk, so the men took turns____31____ us up the rock face and helping us make our way up to the road. They took us to the closest ____32____ . All along the way, they kept ____33____ Gabe to keep him awake. We were saved finally. We’re even more ____34____ now. We look at everything differently. ____35____ the injuries we sustained, we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty good life. 21. A. crowded B. smooth C. steep D. straight 22. A. texting B. copying C. exhibiting D. advertising 23. A. drought B. flooding C. earthquake D. typhoon 24. A. start B. repair C. push D. brake 25. A. caught B. ignored C. kept D. prevented 26. A. dizzy B. asleep C. frightened D. unconscious 27. A. lay down B. fell down C. sat down D. hung up 28. A. sign B. image C. sound D. signal 29. A. calm B. disappointed C. shocked D. thankful 30. A. spotted B. sent C. recognized D. inspected 31. A. shifting B. rushing C. dragging D. bringing 32. A. community B. restaurant C. hotel D. hospital 33. A. disturbing B. scaring C. shaking D. walking 34. A. generous B. proud C. sensitive D. positive 35. A. With B. Despite C. Due to D. Because of 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Archeologists (考古学家) in China have unearthed ____36____ they believe is an ancient astronomical calendar (天文历). The 23 wooden pieces were found inside a about 2,200-year-old tomb in China’s Wulong District, Chongqing. They are carved with Chinese ____37____(character) connected to an astronomical calendar known as Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches. It was started during the Shang Dynasty, ____38____ ruled from 1600 BCE to about 1050 BCE. This is the first time that written wooden pieces linked to the ancient calendar ____39____ (find) in a tomb. The archeologists say round holes at the edge ____40____ the wooden pieces show all 23 were once tied and used together. However, they do not know how the calendar, which was based on a 60-year cycle,____41____ (exact) worked. They think that one piece stood for the then-present year, while the rest were used ____42____ (represent) other years. ____43____ (base) on the condition of the skeleton (骨架) inside the tomb, archeologists determined that it used to be a strong, middle-aged male. The copper spears, bows and arrows, and other weapons found alongside suggest he may have been good at martial arts.The tomb also contained ____44____ (vary) high-quality objects, including copper and bronze pots. This has led archeologists to doubt _____45_____ (it) owner was a person of high position. 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华。为庆祝五一劳动节，学校决定组织全体学生开展校园大扫除活动，请你以学生会的名义，用英文写一则书面通知。 要点包括：1. 活动时间和具体清扫任务； 2. 活动意义及相关要求。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯； 参考词汇：Labor Day劳动节；a thorough cleaning大扫除 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had rained for three days without stopping. The wind blew hard, and the river nearby rose higher and higher until it rushed into the streets. The water was strong and dark, carrying away trees and cars. People could only watch from far away as the flood destroyed their beautiful town. It was a frightening time that no one would ever forget. Finally, the scary flood went away. But for people in the town, the silence it left behind was even louder than the roaring water. Many lost their beloved houses. Jeremy was one of them. His house was now nothing more than a pile of ruins. The front steps he used to jump off as a boy were gone. And more painfully, the kitchen wall, marked with pencil lines recording his height every year, was buried under broken bricks and mud. Everything that made it a “home” had disappeared, leaving only a cold, gray emptiness. Before the storm, Jeremy's house was a wonderful place. It was a warm brick house with a pretty garden full of yellow sunflowers and red roses. Inside, the rooms were always bright and smelled like his mother’s homemade cookies. For fifteen years,this house had been their world. It was where his family celebrated birthdays and shared happy stories. “We can rebuild the walls, son,” Jeremy’s father said softly to him. “But we can’t bring back the stories these walls told. A home is more than just a building; it’s the memories it held.” Emma, Jeremy’s best friend, was gifted in painting and felt Jeremy’s sadness as if it were her own. She felt a strong desire to help him. Though she didn’t have bricks to build a house, she had a different kind of power — a brush that could capture the soul of what was lost. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emma decided to paint Jeremy's house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jeremy carefully took the painting from Emma. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二年级期末测试 一、阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共25题，共50分） A Online activity can be riddled with cyberbullying (网络霸凌). To find out which app is the best to keep your kids safe online, we tested four apps over five weeks. ● Mobicip Premium $8 per month (billed annually at $96) for 20 managed devices at Mobicip Mobicip Premium’s social media and screen time monitoring were all strong. We found its app blocking, website content monitoring, and location tracking capabilities to be powerful as well. ● Net Nanny $90 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Net Nanny The user interface (界面) of this app is family-friendly and visually engaging, featuring cartoons of parents and casual language. The web filtering, screen time allocation (分配), and app management functions are all capable. ● OurPact Premium+ $100 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at OurPact This app requires that we pair our child’s device to our computer with a cable and download the OurPact Jr. app. The Screen Time capability is personalized to fit our child’s schedule. ● Qustodio Premium Small $55 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Qustodio The thoughtfully designed web interface makes Qustodio Premium Basic easy to operate. Its web filtering and game blocking features were powerful. This app is available for Android, Chromebook, iOS, Kindle, macOS and Windows, though not all features are supported across all platforms. 1. Who are the target readers of this passage? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. D. Employers. 2. Which app is the cheapest for 20 managed devices annually? A. Mobicip Premium. B. Net Nanny. C. OurPact Premium+. D. Qustodio Premium Small. 3. What is special about Net Nanny? A. Location tracking. B. Game blocking. C. Content storage. D. Cartoon interface. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了四款用于保护孩子在线安全的应用程序，并对比了它们的功能和价格。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“To find out which app is the best to keep your kids safe online, we tested four apps over five weeks.(为了找出最能保证你的孩子上网安全的应用，我们在五周内测试了四个应用。)”可知，这篇文章的目标读者是父母。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Mobicip Premium”部分中的“$8 per month (billed annually at $96) for 20 managed devices at Mobicip(Mobicip的20台托管设备每月8美元（按年计费96美元）)”，“Net Nanny”部分中的“$90 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Net Nanny(Net Nanny的20台托管设备每年90美元（按年计费）)”，“OurPact Premium+”部分中的“$100 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at OurPact(在OurPact上管理20台设备，每年支付100美元（按年计费）)”和“Qustodio Premium Small”部分中的“$55 per year (billed annually) for 20 managed devices at Qustodio(Qustodio管理的20台设备每年55美元（按年计费）)”可知，Qustodio Premium Small对于每年20台托管设备来说是最便宜的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Net Nanny”部分中的“The user interface (界面) of this app is family-friendly and visually engaging, featuring cartoons of parents and casual language.(这个应用程序的用户界面是家庭友好的，视觉上很吸引人，以父母的卡通和随意的语言为特色。)”可知，Net Nanny的特色是卡通界面。故选D。 B Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 4. What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A. The threat of regional progress. B. The appeal of amazing scenery. C. A search for thrilling experiences. D. A childhood bond with ancient art. 5. What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A. Art is the mirror of nature. B. Art inspires human wisdom. C. Art is deeply rooted in humans. D. Art can’t exist without materials. 6. Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A. Systematic. B. Brain-tearing. C. Painstaking. D. Eventful. 7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B. Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C. Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D. Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因拉达克岩画面临开发破坏而投入十年记录，揭示其作为人类艺术本能体现的价值，并通过书籍向世界传播这一文化遗产。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. (记录这些石刻变得紧迫，因为数百年的雕刻正在发展的压力下遭到破坏。)”可知，区域发展的威胁导致岩画正在被破坏，作者受此驱使决定进行记录。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中Desmond Morris所说的话“It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances. (人类似乎无论如何都无法脱离艺术，即便在物质条件匮乏的情况下。)”可知，Morris强调人类天生具有艺术表达的本能，与物质条件无关。因此，C项“艺术深植于人类本性中”准确概括了这一思想。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. (这绝非易事，考虑到拉达克的广袤、我想记录所有地区艺术的野心、有限的时机以及严酷的条件，更不用说所有行程都是自费。)”可知，在这一过程中作者面临各种艰难和挑战，因此这是艰辛的。A. Systematic系统性的；B. Brain-tearing烧脑的；C.Painstaking辛苦的；D. Eventful多事的。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. (作为一位始终追寻冒险的登山爱好者，这些迷人的艺术如同火焰吸引飞蛾般令我着迷，由此开启了我长达十年的探索与记录之旅。)”和第三段中“These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. (这些刻痕绝非仅仅是岩石上的雕刻，更是我们对之一无所知的远古文化的映射。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者记录拉达克史前岩画，探索其作为古代艺术的价值，并出版书籍的经历。因此，B项“刻于石上：拉达克的永恒艺术”涵盖岩画和艺术性，且Timeless呼应文中古代与现代的连接，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 C A person visiting an eye doctor for an annual exam sits in front of a desk-top machine equipped with a bright red headset and eyepiece. The patient is told to hold still while one eye is briefly scanned by an infrared light-based method that can image the retina (视网膜) with a matchless level of detail, obtaining high-resolution images within seconds. This painless scanning technique, known as optical coherence tomography (OCT), is used millions of times per year in the US to identify eye diseases. But research suggests it may be used to detect early brain changes caused by Alzheimer’s disease, even years before symptoms appear. Such an application is possible because the retina is part of the central nervous system and shares many of the same cells and structures of the brain. Numerous studies have found that many of Alzheimer’s indicators are visible in the eyes of people who have died with the disease. The features of Alzheimer’s can be detected long before cognitive (认知) symptoms appear. Alzheimer’s disease begins slowly, with changes in the brain that can occur years, if not decades, before symptoms appear. To stop it in its tracks, we need early detection — ideally before the brain’s architecture is damaged. This insight has brought new urgency to the search for reliable biomarkers. In recent years, researchers have made progress in developing blood and spinal fluid (脊髓液) tests that indicate the presence of Alzheimer’s features. For example, amyloid PET imaging, the current gold standard, uses radioactive tracers to detect harmful proteins in the brain, but it is costly and technically demanding. As promising as new blood tests are, detecting Alzheimer’s in millions of at-risk individuals requires tools that are not only accurate but also affordable and scalable. OCT may meet these needs. As a widely available and widely applicable method of early detection, OCT could be practical for population screening in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, Japan, China, and South Korea. 8. How does the author introduce the topic in the first paragraph? A. By describing a common scene. B. By presenting research findings. C. By explaining a medical term. D. By comparing different techniques. 9. What makes OCT a potential tool for detecting Alzheimer’s disease? A. It can create images of the brain directly. B. It helps discover eye problems at an early age. C. It reveals brain-related changes in the retina. D. It tracks the progression of cognitive decline. 10. What is the disadvantage of amyloid PET imaging? A. It cannot find early signs of Alzheimer’s. B. It is expensive and difficult to operate. C. It produces inaccurate results easily. D. It relies on too many blood samples. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward OCT’s future application? A. Neutral. B. Unclear. C. Critical. D. Optimistic 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍光学相干断层扫描（OCT）这种常用于眼部检查的技术，可能用于早期检测阿尔茨海默病，以及与其他检测方法相比，它在未来应用上的优势。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A person visiting an eye doctor for an annual exam sits in front of a desk-top machine equipped with a bright red headset and eyepiece. The patient is told to hold still while one eye is briefly scanned by an infrared light - based method that can image the retina (视网膜) with a matchless level of detail, obtaining high-resolution images within seconds.(一个人去看眼科医生进行年度检查，坐在一台配备有亮红色耳机和目镜的台式机器前。患者被告知要保持静止，同时一只眼睛被一种基于红外线的方法短暂扫描，这种方法可以以无与伦比的细节水平对视网膜进行成像，并在几秒钟内获得高分辨率图像。)”并结合下文介绍该方法可能用于早期阿尔茨海默病可知，作者描述了患者在眼科诊所进行眼部检查的常见场景，以此引入话题。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Such an application is possible because the retina is part of the central nervous system and shares many of the same cells and structures of the brain. Numerous studies have found that many of Alzheimer’s indicators are visible in the eyes of people who have died with the disease. The features of Alzheimer’s can be detected long before cognitive (认知) symptoms appear.(这种应用是可能的，因为视网膜是中枢神经系统的一部分，与大脑有许多相同的细胞和结构。大量研究发现，许多阿尔茨海默病的指标在死于该疾病的人的眼睛中是可见的。在认知症状出现之前很久就可以检测到阿尔茨海默病的特征。)”可知，视网膜与大脑有许多相同的细胞和结构，OCT能通过检测视网膜中与大脑相关的变化，来作为检测阿尔茨海默病的潜在工具。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“For example, amyloid PET imaging, the current gold standard, uses radioactive tracers to detect harmful proteins in the brain, but it is costly and technically demanding.(例如，淀粉样蛋白PET成像，目前的黄金标准，使用放射性示踪剂来检测大脑中的有害蛋白质，但它成本高昂且技术要求高。)”可知，淀粉样蛋白PET成像的缺点是昂贵且操作困难。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As promising as new blood tests are, detecting Alzheimer’s in millions of at - risk individuals requires tools that are not only accurate but also affordable and scalable. OCT may meet these needs. As a widely available and widely applicable method of early detection, OCT could be practical for population screening in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, Japan, China, and South Korea.(尽管新的血液测试很有前景，但要在数百万有患病风险的个体中检测出阿尔茨海默病，需要的工具不仅要准确，而且要价格合理且可扩展。OCT可能满足这些需求。作为一种广泛可用且广泛适用的早期检测方法，OCT对于世界许多地区，包括北美、欧洲、日本、中国和韩国的人群筛查可能是切实可行的。)”可知，作者认为OCT可能满足检测阿尔茨海默病所需的多种条件，对其未来应用持乐观态度。故选D项。 D Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty (有过失的) of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy (IOIA)”. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety, and general stress, ” says Angus Fletcher, a researcher at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ” In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging (合并) with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. Group three was the control group that read both sets of the arguments. They found the majority of the first two groups believed they had enough information to decide what to do. They said they would follow the recommendations in the article they read and thought others would make the same decision. About 55 percent of the control group recommended the schools merge. The team calls this belief IOIA. Fletcher describes it as, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs to know. This makes us leap to confident conclusions and decisive judgments, when we miss necessary information. ” The team also found some were willing to change their minds — once they had all the facts. Timing also plays a role. The people in the study changed their opinions that were recently formed, not long-held beliefs. According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I'm missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. 12. What was the main goal of Fletcher’s research? A. To find ways to improve debate skills. B. To identify types of information sources. C. To explain why it is necessary to stick to facts. D. To explore how to minimize misunderstandings. 13. Why did participants in Group one and two tend to have IOIA? A. They held deep-rooted beliefs. B. They received a lot of false information. C. They were exposed to one-sided arguments. D. They were worried about the school’s situation. 14. What does Fletcher suggest to fight IOIA? A. Establishing interpersonal bonds. B. Seeking to bridge the information gap. C. Encouraging others to see the big picture. D. Stressing the weaknesses in others’ positions. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Why Do People Insist They Are Correct? B. Does Interpersonal Conflict Lead to Stress? C. Can Conversations Affect What We Believe? D. What Contributes to Sensible Decision-making? 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中Fletcher所说的话““We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，Fletcher的研究是主要是为了探索如何最大程度地减少误解。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. (在这项研究中，研究团队在网上调查了1261名美国人。所有参与者都阅读了一篇关于一所缺水学校的虚构报道。第一组阅读的报道只给出了与另一所有更好水源的学校合并的理由。第二组阅读的报道只给出了学校保持独立并希望找到其他的方法的理由。)”可知，第一组和第二组所阅读的报道给出的理由都是单方面的，所以第一组和第二组的参与者倾向于有信息充足错觉（IOIA）。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I’m missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. (根据弗莱彻的说法，当与他人意见不同时，减少IOIA的最好方法之一是停下来问自己：“我是不是漏掉了什么导致我无法更好地理解他们的立场？” 这可以帮助减少不必要的冲突。)”可知， Fletcher建议，要想应对信息充足错觉（IOIA），你应该问自己是不是漏掉了什么导致自己无法更好地理解他们的立场，这说明要努力弥补信息差，由此可推知，Fletcher建议要通过弥补信息差来应对IOIA，故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy   (IOIA)”. (在网上与陌生人或在晚餐桌上与家人争吵，感觉就像在和一堵砖墙辩论。我们可能都犯过这样的错误，自己是对的，即使我们没有掌握所有的事实。这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。)”和第二段中““We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因，A项“为什么人们坚持认为自己是对的？”适合作文章标题，故选A。 (七选五) In today’s fast-paced world, fragmented reading (碎片化阅读) has become a common practice among students and adults alike. This style of reading involves consuming short, disconnected pieces of information from phones, social media and other digital platforms, often in 5 — 10-minute bursts between classes or during breaks. ____16____ But it also brings challenges that affect how we process and remember what we read. Many people turn to fragmented reading to make use of small free moments in their busy schedules. Instead of carrying heavy books, they can glance through news updates, short stories or study tips on their phones. This way, they feel productive even when they don’t have time for long reading sessions. For students preparing for exams, fragmented reading seems like a good way to review key points. ____17____ However, this reading style has its downsides. Studies show that jumping between different topics makes it hard to focus deeply on any single piece of information. ____18____ This can lead to weaker understanding and poor memory. Young people who often read in fragments may find it more difficult to finish long articles or books later, as their ability to focus gets used to constant changes. ____19____ Using short reading sessions to explore new topics can develop interest, while setting aside longer periods for focused study helps build strong knowledge foundations. Students can also train themselves to take notes and summarize key points from fragmented materials, turning disconnected facts into a connected network of knowledge. We should be aware of both the benefits and limits of fragmented reading. ____20____ It can serve as a helpful tool rather than a replacement for deeper, more meaningful reading experiences. A. Use this modern practice wisely. B. It offers quick access to diverse content. C. Our brains struggle to connect ideas from unrelated short texts. D. Fragmented reading is becoming less popular among teenagers. E. It allows them to do this without spending hours on a single subject. F. Deep reading is more important than fragmented reading for students. G. The key lies in balancing fragmented reading with traditional deep reading. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了碎片化阅读便捷易得，能利用零碎时间汲取信息、助力备考，却易让人难以深度专注、弱化理解记忆。我们需平衡碎片化与深度阅读，理性合理运用。 【16题详解】 下文“But it also brings challenges that affect how we process and remember what we read.( 但它也带来了影响我们阅读理解和记忆的挑战。)”出现转折连词“But”，说明空格处应与后文“带来挑战”形成对比，介绍碎片化阅读的优点。B 选项“It offers quick access to diverse content.(它提供了快速获取多样化内容的途径。)”正是其核心优势，完美承上启下。 【17题详解】 上文“For students preparing for exams, fragmented reading seems like a good way to review key points.( 对于准备考试的学生来说，碎片化阅读似乎是一种很好的复习重点内容的方式。)”指出“碎片化阅读对备考学生复习重点很有帮助”，E选项“It allows them to do this without spending hours on a single subject.( 它让他们能够在不花数小时专注于单一主题的情况下做到这一点。)”中的“this”恰好指代前文的“review key points”，进一步解释了其优势 —— 无需在单一科目上花费数小时，逻辑连贯。 【18题详解】 上文“Studies show that jumping between different topics makes it hard to focus deeply on any single piece of information. (研究表明，频繁跳转到不同的主题会让人难以深入专注于任何单一的信息。)”提到“在不同主题间跳跃难以深入专注”，后文“This can lead to weaker understanding and poor memory.( 这会导致理解能力下降和记忆不佳。)”指出“这会导致理解薄弱和记忆力差”。C 选项“Our brains struggle to connect ideas from unrelated short texts.(我们的大脑很难将不相关短文本中的观点联系起来。)”准确解释了前后文的因果关系，说明碎片化阅读影响认知的内在机制。 【19题详解】 空格位于第四段段首，是该段的中心句。后文“Using short reading sessions to explore new topics can develop interest, while setting aside longer periods for focused study helps build strong knowledge foundations.( 采用短时间的阅读来探索新主题可以培养兴趣，而留出较长的时间进行集中学习则有助于建立坚实的知识基础。)”同时提到了“短时间阅读探索新话题” 和“长时间专注学习打基础”两种方式，G选项“The key lies in balancing fragmented reading with traditional deep reading.(关键在于平衡碎片化阅读与传统深度阅读。)”精准概括了本段主旨。 【20题详解】 上文“We should be aware of both the benefits and limits of fragmented reading.( 我们应该认识到碎片化阅读的优点和局限性。)”说“我们应意识到碎片化阅读的利弊”，后文“It can serve as a helpful tool rather than a replacement for deeper, more meaningful reading experiences.( 它可以作为一种有用的工具，而非深度、更有意义阅读体验的替代品。)”说 “它应是有用的工具而非深度阅读的替代品”。A 选项“Use this modern practice wisely.(明智地使用这种现代阅读方式。)”作为过渡，自然引出后文的正确态度，与全文结论一致。 二、完形填空（每小题1分，共15题，共15分） It was a weekend in May 2018 and my partner, Gabe Rosescu, and I were taking a road trip to visit friends in Nelson, British Columbia. At around 5:30 pm, we were driving on a ____21____ mountain road. I was ____22____ updates to my family and enjoying the view. We weren’t aware there’d recently been ____23____ in the area. When I looked up from my phone, I saw a wave of mud and an enormous tree rushing down the mountain. We tried to ____24____ the car, but it was too late. The mudslide ____25____ our car dropping nearly 300 metres down a rocky cliff. It landed on its side among some trees. I don’t know how long I was ____26____ , but I woke up to the painful sound of Gabe. He ____27____ over the steering wheel (方向盘), and there was blood everywhere. Outside my passenger window there was a steep cliff. We were both injured. We had no phone ____28____ , so all we could think to do was yell for help. We were ____29____ when, after just a few minutes, we heard someone call back. Four bystanders had ____30____ us and waded (涉水) through waist-deep mud to rescue us. We couldn’t walk, so the men took turns____31____ us up the rock face and helping us make our way up to the road. They took us to the closest ____32____ . All along the way, they kept ____33____ Gabe to keep him awake. We were saved finally. We’re even more ____34____ now. We look at everything differently. ____35____ the injuries we sustained, we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty good life. 21. A. crowded B. smooth C. steep D. straight 22. A. texting B. copying C. exhibiting D. advertising 23. A. drought B. flooding C. earthquake D. typhoon 24. A. start B. repair C. push D. brake 25. A. caught B. ignored C. kept D. prevented 26. A. dizzy B. asleep C. frightened D. unconscious 27. A. lay down B. fell down C. sat down D. hung up 28. A. sign B. image C. sound D. signal 29. A. calm B. disappointed C. shocked D. thankful 30. A. spotted B. sent C. recognized D. inspected 31. A. shifting B. rushing C. dragging D. bringing 32. A. community B. restaurant C. hotel D. hospital 33. A. disturbing B. scaring C. shaking D. walking 34. A. generous B. proud C. sensitive D. positive 35. A. With B. Despite C. Due to D. Because of 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和伴侣自驾途中遭遇泥石流、车辆坠崖受伤后，被过路路人冒险救助的经历，展现了危难时刻的善意与温暖，也表达了作者劫后余生的积极心态与对生活的感恩。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：下午五点半左右，我们行驶在一条陡峭的山路上。A. crowded拥挤的；B. smooth平坦的；C. steep陡峭的；D. straight笔直的。根据后文“dropping nearly 300 metres down a rocky cliff”以及“Outside my passenger window there was a steep cliff”可知，山路紧邻悬崖、地势险峻，是陡峭的山路。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：我一边给家人发消息报备近况，一边欣赏沿途风景。A. texting发短信；B. copying复制；C. exhibiting展示；D. advertising做广告。根据后文“When I looked up from my phone”可知，作者当时正在用手机发消息。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们并不知道该地区近期发生了洪灾。A. drought干旱；B. flooding洪水；C. earthquake地震；D. typhoon台风。根据后文出现的“mudslide”以及“waded through waist-deep mud”可知，泥石流由强降雨洪水引发，因此该地区近期有洪涝灾害。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们试图刹车，但为时已晚。A. start启动；B. repair修理；C. push推动；D. brake刹车。根据前文“I saw a wave of mud and an enormous tree rushing down the mountain.”可知，看到泥石流冲下来时，人的本能反应是刹车避险。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：泥石流裹挟着我们的车，从近300米高的岩石悬崖上坠落。A. caught裹挟；B. ignored忽视；C. kept保持；D. prevented阻止。根据前文“The mudslide”可知，泥石流冲击力极大，裹挟并带动汽车坠下悬崖。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我不知道自己昏迷了多久，醒来时听到了Gabe痛苦的声音。A. dizzy头晕的；B. asleep睡着的；C. frightened害怕的；D. unconscious失去意识的。根据后文“I woke up”可知，车祸撞击后作者陷入了昏迷状态。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：他倒在方向盘上，到处都是血。A. lay down躺下；B. fell down摔倒；C. sat down坐下；D. hung up挂断。根据前文“The mudslide ______ our car dropping nearly 300 metres down a rocky cliff. It landed on its side among some trees.”可知，车辆坠崖侧翻，撞击力巨大，司机Gabe失去平衡摔倒在方向盘上。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们的手机都没有信号，所以我们能想到的办法只有大声呼救。A. sign标志；B. image图像；C. sound声音；D. signal信号。根据后文“so all we could think to do was yell for help”可知，两人身处深山悬崖，只能靠大声呼救求生，原因是手机没有信号无法拨打电话求助。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：仅仅几分钟后我们就听到了回应，我们十分震惊。A. calm冷静的；B. disappointed失望的；C. shocked震惊的；D. thankful 感激的。根据前文“so all we could think to do was yell for help”和后文“after just a few minutes, we heard someone call back”可推知，两人身处偏僻险境、无通讯条件，本以为很难被发现，短短几分钟就听到回应完全超出预期，因此内心感到震惊。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：四名路人发现了我们，蹚过齐腰深的泥浆前来营救。A. spotted发现；B. sent发送；C. recognized认出；D. inspected检查。根据前文“we heard someone call back”和后文“waded through waist-deep mud to rescue us”可知，路人先是听到呼救、看到坠崖的车辆，从而发现了受伤的二人。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们无法行走，于是这些人轮流把我们转移到岩壁，帮我们回到公路上。A. shifting转移；B. rushing催促；C. dragging拖拽；D. bringing带来。根据前文“We couldn’t walk”可知，两人身受重伤无法行走，救援者（用不对他们造成二次伤害的方法）把他们转移到了崖壁上。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们把我们送到了最近的医院。A. community社区；B. restaurant餐厅；C. hotel酒店；D. hospital医院。根据前文“We were both injured”和后文“there was blood everywhere”可知，二人浑身是伤、流血不止，救援后首要的去处是医院接受救治。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：一路上，他们不断摇晃Gabe，让他保持清醒。A. disturbing打扰；B. scaring惊吓；C. shaking摇晃；D. walking陪着……走。根据后文“to keep him awake”可知，为防止伤者昏迷休克，救援人员摇晃伤者来防止其陷入昏迷。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：现在我们的心态变得更加积极了。A. generous慷慨的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. positive积极的。根据后文“we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty good life”可知，劫后余生，二人学会感恩生活，看待事物的心态更加乐观积极，positive与后文的感悟对应。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：尽管受了伤，但我们感恩自己还能拥有不错的生活。A. With带有；B. Despite尽管；C. Due to由于；D. Because of因为。 根据后文“we’re grateful that we’re still living a pretty good life”可知，后半句表达对美好生活的感恩，前半句提到受伤的事实，二者构成让步关系。 三、语法填空（每小题1.5分，共10题，共15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Archeologists (考古学家) in China have unearthed ____36____ they believe is an ancient astronomical calendar (天文历). The 23 wooden pieces were found inside a about 2,200-year-old tomb in China’s Wulong District, Chongqing. They are carved with Chinese ____37____(character) connected to an astronomical calendar known as Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches. It was started during the Shang Dynasty, ____38____ ruled from 1600 BCE to about 1050 BCE. This is the first time that written wooden pieces linked to the ancient calendar ____39____ (find) in a tomb. The archeologists say round holes at the edge ____40____ the wooden pieces show all 23 were once tied and used together. However, they do not know how the calendar, which was based on a 60-year cycle,____41____ (exact) worked. They think that one piece stood for the then-present year, while the rest were used ____42____ (represent) other years. ____43____ (base) on the condition of the skeleton (骨架) inside the tomb, archeologists determined that it used to be a strong, middle-aged male. The copper spears, bows and arrows, and other weapons found alongside suggest he may have been good at martial arts.The tomb also contained ____44____ (vary) high-quality objects, including copper and bronze pots. This has led archeologists to doubt _____45_____ (it) owner was a person of high position. 【答案】36. what 37. characters 38. which 39. have been found 40. of 41. exactly 42. to represent 43. Based 44. various 45. its 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了重庆武隆出土约2200年前古墓，发现23件刻有干支历法的木牍，系首次在墓葬中发现此类文物。墓主为中年男性，随葬兵器及铜器，推测其身份显赫。 【36题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：中国的考古学家发现了一套他们认为是古代天文历法的东西。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句，并指代事物在从句中作主语，应填what。故填what。 【37题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：这些木牍上刻有与一种被称为“天干地支”的天文历法相关的汉字。该空所给词character为可数名词，意为“文字”，23块木牍上应该刻有多个文字，应使用复数形式。故填characters。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这种历法始于商朝，其统治时期从公元前1600年持续到约公元前1050年。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，补充修饰the Shang Dynasty，并指代先行词在从句中作主语，应填which。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：这是首次在古墓中发现与古代历法相关的书写木牍。该空所给动词在that从句中作谓语，固定句型This is the first time + that从句中，主句现在时则从句要用现在完成时；主语written wooden pieces是复数名词，且和动词find是被动关系，助动词have使用复数形式。故填have been found。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：考古学家表示，木块边缘的圆形孔洞表明这23个木块曾经是相互连接并一起使用的。固定搭配at the edge of意为“在……的边缘”。故填of。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：但他们并不知道这个基于60年周期的历法是如何运作的。所给词exact为形容词，该空需要使用一个副词修饰动词worked。故填exactly。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们认为，其中一个木块代表当时的年份，而其余的则用于表示其他年份。be used to do意为“被用来作某事”，所给动词represent在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式。故填to represent。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据墓中遗骸的状况，考古学家推断这曾是一个强壮的中年男性。固定短语 based on意为“基于……”，此处为过去分词短语作状语，注意句首单词首字母大写。故填Based。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这座墓还包含各种高质量的物品，包括铜和青铜容器。该空需要一个形容词作定语修饰名词objects，提示词vary为动词，其形容词为various意为“各种各样的”。故填various。 【45题详解】 考查物主代词。句意：这使得考古学家们开始怀疑这位墓主人是地位显赫之人。该空需要一个形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词owner。故填its。 四、写作（第一篇15分，第二篇25分） 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华。为庆祝五一劳动节，学校决定组织全体学生开展校园大扫除活动，请你以学生会的名义，用英文写一则书面通知。 要点包括：1. 活动时间和具体清扫任务； 2. 活动意义及相关要求。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节使行文连贯； 参考词汇：Labor Day劳动节；a thorough cleaning大扫除 Notice __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Students’ Union 【答案】One possible version: Notice To celebrate the upcoming May Day, our Students’ Union has decided to organize a campus clean-up activity, which will take place from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm on April 30th. All students are required to clean their classrooms, hallways, and the playground. Each class should also clean its assigned outdoor area. This activity is meaningful because it helps us understand the value of labor and teamwork. Moreover, a clean campus creates a better learning environment for all. Please bring your own cleaning tools and gather at your designated spots on time. We expect everyone to participate actively and make our campus more beautiful. Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】题目要求学生以学生会的名义，写一则有关校园大扫除活动的书面通知，需说明活动时间和具体清扫任务，并告知活动意义及相关要求。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 即将到来：upcoming→approaching, forthcoming 要求：require→demand, call for 价值：value→merit, worth 创造：create→generate 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：We expect everyone to participate actively and make our campus more beautiful. 拓展句：We expect that everyone will participate actively and make our campus more beautiful. 【点睛】[高分句型1] To celebrate the upcoming May Day, our Students’ Union has decided to organize a campus clean-up activity, which will take place from 3:00 pm to 5:00 pm on April 30th. (运用了不定式短语To celebrate…作状语、which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] This activity is meaningful because it helps us understand the value of labor and teamwork. (运用了because引导原因状语从句) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had rained for three days without stopping. The wind blew hard, and the river nearby rose higher and higher until it rushed into the streets. The water was strong and dark, carrying away trees and cars. People could only watch from far away as the flood destroyed their beautiful town. It was a frightening time that no one would ever forget. Finally, the scary flood went away. But for people in the town, the silence it left behind was even louder than the roaring water. Many lost their beloved houses. Jeremy was one of them. His house was now nothing more than a pile of ruins. The front steps he used to jump off as a boy were gone. And more painfully, the kitchen wall, marked with pencil lines recording his height every year, was buried under broken bricks and mud. Everything that made it a “home” had disappeared, leaving only a cold, gray emptiness. Before the storm, Jeremy's house was a wonderful place. It was a warm brick house with a pretty garden full of yellow sunflowers and red roses. Inside, the rooms were always bright and smelled like his mother’s homemade cookies. For fifteen years,this house had been their world. It was where his family celebrated birthdays and shared happy stories. “We can rebuild the walls, son,” Jeremy’s father said softly to him. “But we can’t bring back the stories these walls told. A home is more than just a building; it’s the memories it held.” Emma, Jeremy’s best friend, was gifted in painting and felt Jeremy’s sadness as if it were her own. She felt a strong desire to help him. Though she didn’t have bricks to build a house, she had a different kind of power — a brush that could capture the soul of what was lost. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emma decided to paint Jeremy's house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Jeremy carefully took the painting from Emma. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Emma decided to paint Jeremy’s house. She sat at her desk and closed her eyes, trying to recall every detail she remembered about Jeremy’s house. She used her brushes to bring back the yellow sunflowers and the warm brick walls. She didn’t just paint a building. She captured the happy memories of Jeremy's childhood. This wasn’t merely a piece of art. It was a magical painting specially created to heal a broken heart. As soon as it was finished, Emma instantly handed the painting to Jeremy with eagerness. Jeremy carefully took the painting from Emma. As his eyes swept over the familiar colors, tears welled up and blurred his vision. In the painting, his home was alive again,standing proudly among the fragrant flowers. While the flood did wipe out the bricks, it couldn’t wipe away fond memories of his family. The essence of his home remained in his heart. “Thank you, Emma.” Jeremy whispered. Emma was proud that her brushes were not simply for painting, but also had the power to bring comfort, warmth and hope to people. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述一场持续三天的暴雨引发洪水，洪水退去后，小镇满目疮痍，Jeremy的家也沦为废墟，他痛苦不已，因为家中承载了诸多美好回忆。Jeremy的好友Emma擅长绘画，她感同身受，决心帮助Jeremy。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描Emma决定为Jeremy 画他家。她坐在桌前闭眼回忆房子细节，用画笔重现黄色向日葵和温暖砖墙，不仅画出建筑，更捕捉Jeremy童年快乐回忆，这不仅是艺术品，更是治愈破碎心灵的魔法画作，完成后她急切地把画交给Jeremy。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写Jeremy小心接过画，目光扫过熟悉色彩，泪水模糊双眼。画中，家再次鲜活，傲立花丛。洪水虽冲走砖头，却冲不走家庭美好回忆，家的本质留在他心中。Jeremy轻声道谢，Emma为画笔能给人带来安慰、温暖和希望而自豪。 2.续写线索：Emma作画——重现Jeremy家的记忆并交给Jeremy——Jeremy接画——感动并意识到家的本质——Emma因能帮Jeremy而自豪 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回想起：recall/remember ②完成：finish/complete 情绪类 ①快乐的：happy/pleased ②渴望：eagerness/yearning 【点睛】【高分句型 1】She sat at her desk and closed her eyes, trying to recall every detail she remembered about Jeremy’s house.（运用了现在分词短语作状语 ） 【高分句型 2】While the flood did wipe out the bricks, it couldn’t wipe away fond memories of his family.（运用了while引导的让步状语从句 ） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $