Unit 5 Power of Ideas 课件2026-2027学年初中英语人教版九年级上册

该初中英语课件围绕“发明的影响”展开，核心知识点包括invention、camera等词汇，high-speed train、hundreds of等短语，以及How nice of you to think so等句型。课堂导入通过问题“What changes can inventions bring to our lives?”引发思考，结合听力材料中Super See、Smart Cook等发明的对话和匹配任务，搭建从感知发明功能到运用语言点的学习支架。 其亮点在于以真实情境对话（如3D打印机工作原理的听力）提升语言能力，通过勾选3D打印机制作物品等任务培养思维品质，词汇分块呈现和be used for填空等语言点练习助力学习能力。总结部分系统梳理知识点，学生能提升语言运用和逻辑思维，教师可直接使用结构化教学资源提高效率。

Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section B（1a-1f） · 学习目标 · 新课导入 · 内容讲解 · 课堂总结 Learning goals 1. New words: reality, papermaking, responsible, rapid, shape, bronze, ware, stone, jute, fibre, expensive, officer, workshop, none, ideal, bark, certain, suitable, liquid, cheap, creation, Arabic, birth 2. Expressions: responsible for sth, later on, speed up, result in, lead to 3. Sentences: ① However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. ② This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. Lead-in How did paper change the world? Let’s find answers in the text. New words reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实 papermaking /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺； 造纸业 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 作为原因的； 有责任的 New words rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的；瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 塑造 n. 形状 bronze /brɒnz/ n. & adj. 青铜（的）；青铜色（的） ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品；陶器 New words stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头；岩石 jute /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 New words fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ (= fiber) n. 纤维；纤维素 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的；价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员；高级职员 New words workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊；讲习班 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个；毫无 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 最合适的；理想的 n. 理想；完美的人（或事物） New words bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些；确定的 pron. （不提及人或事物的名称 时用）某些 suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的 New words liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体 adj. 液体的 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造；作品 New words Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. 阿拉伯语的 n. 阿拉伯语 birth /bɜːθ/ n. 起源；诞生 New words reality /rɪˈæləti/ n. 现实；事实 papermaking /ˈpeɪpəˌmeɪkɪŋ/ n. 造纸工艺；造纸业 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 rapid /ˈræpɪd/ adj. 迅速的；瞬间的 shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 塑造 n. 形状 bronze /brɒnz/ n. & adj. 青铜（的）；青铜色（的） New words ware /weə(r)/ n. 制品；陶器 stone /stəʊn/ n. 石头；岩石 jute /dʒuːt/ n. 黄麻纤维 fibre /ˈfaɪbə(r)/ (= fiber) n. 纤维；纤维素 expensive /ɪkˈspensɪv/ adj. 昂贵的；价格高的 officer /ˈɒfɪsə(r)/ n. 官员；高级职员 New words workshop /ˈwɜːkʃɒp/ n. 作坊；讲习班 none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个；毫无 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ adj. 最合适的；理想的 n. 理想；完美的人（或事物） bark /bɑːk/ n. 树皮 certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 某些；确定的 pron. （不提及人或事物的名称时用） 某些 suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的；适宜的 New words liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体 adj. 液体的 cheap /tʃiːp/ adj. 便宜的 adv. 低廉地 creation /kriˈeɪʃn/ n. 创造；作品 Arabic /ˈærəbɪk/ adj. 阿拉伯语的 n. 阿拉伯语 birth /bɜːθ/ n. 起源；诞生 Textbook 1a What material are these things made of ? Find more things that are made of this material? paper Textbook 1b Read the text and match each paragraph with its topic. An Invention That Changed the World Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines? All of these things depend on one invention—papermaking. It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world. Textbook 1b In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on, such as animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, and even silk. In the Western Han Dynasty, there was also a very early form of paper made from jute—a fibre that comes from plants. However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. Textbook 1b As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested in trying to solve the problem. Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal. In his time, some kinds of bark—the outer part of trees—were used to make clothes. From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. Textbook 1b In the first step of Cai Lun’s experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again. Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. To everyone’s surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap. In 105 CE, Cai Lun showed his creation to the emperor. The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work. Textbook 1b Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed civilizations around the world. It first spread to China’s neighbouring countries and finally reached Europe through Arabic countries in the 12th century. When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries, it led to a rapid increase in the number of books. This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. Textbook 1b Paragraph 1 A. Early materials to write on Paragraph 2 B. Cai Lun’s experiment Paragraph 3 C. Introduction to the topic Paragraph 4 D. How paper changed the world Paragraph 5 E. Cai Lun’s creative idea Textbook 1c Find out what these pronouns from the text refer to. • It in Paragraph 1: ____________ • It in Paragraph 5: ____________________________ • it in Paragraph 5: ________________________ • This in Paragraph 5: ________________________________ the papermaking technique the use of paper and printing a rapid increase in the number of books papermaking Understanding reference words Noticing what pronouns refer to will help you understand how different parts of the reading are connected. Language points 1 1. 短语：be responsible for + 名词/代词/动名词 (doing) 2. 中文含义 • 核心义1：对……负责（人/主体承担责任） • 核心义2：是……的原因；导致（事物/事件引发结果，课文中就 是这个用法） 3. 词性结构 • 形容词短语：responsible 是形容词，必须搭配be动词 • 易错点：后面只能用for，不能用to；for是介词，后接doing不接do “ responsible for sth ” Language points 练 1. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 He is responsible for ________ (clean) the classroom every day. cleaning 2. Who is responsible ______ this project? A. to B. for C. with D. at B Textbook 1d Read again and complete the table. Question Material to write on before Cai Lun Cai Lun’s paper What was it like? What was used to make it? difficult to use and store, or very expensive soft, light, easy to make and use, cheap animal bones, bronze ware, stones, wood, bamboo, silk, jute bark, certain plants, old clothes Textbook 1e Put the sentences in order. Then retell the process of making paper in your own words. ____ A. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. ____ B. All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. ____ C. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. ____ D. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. 1 2 4 3 Textbook 1f Discuss the questions. 1. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? I know the compass, gunpowder and printing. The compass helped people travel and explore the world. Gunpowder changed wars and later helped with mining and construction. Printing made knowledge spread more easily around the world. Textbook 1f 2. What qualities do you think a great inventor has? A great inventor should be creative, hard-working and patient. They need to observe life carefully, try many times, and never give up when they fail. Language points 2 1. “ later on ” 意为后来；其后，可表阶段递进，暗含“经历一段 时间、发生一些事后”。 2. 句法功能 • 句首状语（最常用） 修饰整个句子，表时间过渡，必须加逗号，对应课文用法： 例：Later on, the papermaking technique not only speeded up... （后来，造纸术不仅推动了……） • 句末状语 修饰动词/整句，不加逗号，口语化更强： 例：We’ll talk about this matter later on. （我们稍后再谈这件事。） Language points 练 1. He finished primary school, and ______ he went to a middle school. A. late on B. later on C. later in D. late B 2. 翻译句子。 后来，造纸术传遍了全世界，促进了知识的传播。 Later on, papermaking spread all over the world and promoted the spread of knowledge. Summary New words reality, papermaking, responsible, rapid, shape, bronze, ware, stone, jute, fibre, expensive, officer, workshop, none, ideal, bark, certain, suitable, liquid, cheap, creation, Arabic, birth Expressions responsible for sth, later on, speed up, result in, lead to Sentences ① However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive. ② This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today. $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A（1a-2d） · 学习目标 · 新课导入 · 内容讲解 · 课堂总结 Learning goals 1. New words: invention, camera, laptop, super, sunglasses, mini-, button, itself, printer, produce, file, plastic 2. Expressions: high-speed train, hundreds (of...) 3. Sentences: ① How nice of you to think so. ② Almost everything under the sun can be made by it. ③ No, other materials can also be used to produce things. Lead-in What changes can inventions bring to our lives? New words invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造 camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机；(电影)摄影机 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的；顶好的 sunglasses /ˈsʌnglɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜 mini- /ˈmɪni/ prefix. 微型的；短的 button /ˈbʌt(ə)n/ n. 按钮；扣子 itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己 printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 打印机；印刷公司 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；繁育 file /faɪl/ n. （计算机的）文件；文件夹 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. & adj. 塑料（的） invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造 camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机；(电影)摄影机 laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑 super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的；顶好的 sunglasses /ˈsʌnglɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜 mini- /ˈmɪni/ prefix. 微型的；短的 button /ˈbʌt(ə)n/ n. 按钮；扣子 itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己 printer /ˈprɪntə(r)/ n. 打印机；印刷公司 produce /prəˈdjuːs/ v. 生产；繁育 file /faɪl/ n. （计算机的）文件；文件夹 plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. & adj. 塑料（的） Textbook 1a Match the names with the things. Find out when they were invented. plane camera laptop mobile phone TV high-speed train 1.__________________ 2._______________ 3.________________ 4.___________________ 5.__________________ 6.__________________ high-speed train camera laptop mobile phone plane TV Textbook 1b Listen to the conversations. Choose the invention each conversation talks about and find out where they are from. Conversation 1:____________ Conversation 2:____________ A. Super See, from_________ B. Smart Cook, from_________ A Germany B China Textbook 1c Listen again and circle T for true or F for false. 1. Super See is a pair of sunglasses designed to protect people’s eyes. T F 2. A mini-camera is connected to Super See to help with reading. T F 3. Food is added by Smart Cook itself. T F 4. A button on Smart Cook should be pressed before cooking. T F 5. Hundreds of kinds of dishes can be made by Smart Cook. T F Tapescript Conversation 1 Guide 1: Welcome to the International Exhibition of Inventions! Over here, we have Super See from Germany. Ella: They look like sunglasses. What are they used for? Guide 1: They’re for people who can’t see well. They don’t find normal glasses helpful. Ella: How do they help people to see? Tapescript Conversation 1 Guide1: Well, a mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. It makes everything look larger. Words can also be turned into sound. Ella: Cool! So they can help people watch TV and read books. Guide 1: Yes. They can also control the colour and picture. Ella: Amazing! Tapescript Conversation 2 Teng Fei: What smells so delicious? Guide 2: Come and have a try. Smart Cook from China is cooking some food. Teng Fei: Really? How does it work? Guide 2: It’s simple! Put food like carrots and onions in the cup on the top of the machine. Then press this button. All the food is cut and fried. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Tapescript Conversation 2 Teng Fei: Fantastic! How many kinds of dishes can it make? Guide 2: Hundreds! It has an app with many recipes. Teng Fei: Great! With this robot, my parents can take a break from cooking. Guide 2: How nice of you to think so. I’m sure they will love it. Language points 1 1. “ be used for ” 的基本结构为 be used for +名词/动名词 (doing) 含义：某物被用来做某事，强调用途、功能。 2. 同义辨析 • be used to do = be used for doing （同义，都表用途） • used to do：过去常常做（主动，无被动） • be used to doing：习惯于做某事 Language points 练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. This machine is used for ________ (wash) clothes. 2. Wood is used for ________ (make) paper. 二、翻译句子。 竹子可以被用来制作椅子。 Bamboo is used for making chairs. washing making Textbook 1d What do the two inventions look like and what can they be used for? Describe them to a partner. A: What can the special glasses be used for? B: They’re for people who can’t see well. A: How do they work? B: ... Textbook Tick the things that you think a 3D printer can make. You can add more. 2a □ medicine □ arms and legs □ hearts □ toys ☐ tables ☐ shoes □ computers □ houses ☐ chairs ☐ food ☐___________________ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ clothes, jewelry, tools Textbook 2b Listen to the conversation and answer the questions. 1. Where did Han Lin go last weekend? The International Exhibition of Inventions. 2. Why was the 3D printer Han Lin’s favourite invention? Because almost everything under the sun can be made by it. Textbook 2c Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. Then listen again and check your answers. read design produce create send First, the object is _________ on the computer. Then, a file is _________ by the computer. And the file is _________ to the 3D printer. Next, the file is _________ by the 3D printer. Finally, the object is _________ by building up plastic. 1 2 3 4 5 designed created sent read produced Tapescript Conversation 3 Ella: Hi, Han Lin! Did you go to the International Exhibition of Inventions last weekend? Han Lin: Yes, some amazing inventions were shown from all over the world. Ella: What invention did you like the most? Han Lin: Oh, the 3D printer was amazing. Ella: Why? Tapescript Conversation 3 Han Lin: Almost everything under the sun can be made by it. Ella: Really? Like what? Han Lin: Well, all kinds of everyday objects. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. Ella: That’s cool! Han Lin: Yeah. And in medicine, for example, arms and legs, and even hearts can be created by the 3D printer. Tapescript Conversation 3 Ella: That’s great! How does it work? Han Lin: Well, first, the object is designed on a computer. Then, a file is created and sent to the 3D printer. The 3D printer reads the file, and after that, the object is produced by building up plastic. Ella: Is only plastic used? Han Lin: No, other materials can also be used to produce things. It can even make food. Ella: Oh, really? I’d love to try 3D-printed food! Tapescript Conversation 3 Textbook 2d List the things you use every day and choose the one that you like the most. Then talk about what it can be used for and its importance. A: What invention do you like the most? B: I like ... the most. A: What can it be used for? B: It can be used for / to ... A: Amazing! / Fantastic! Is it important in your daily life? B: Yes, it ... Things I use every day 1. laptop 2. pencil 3. desk 4. ________ Language points 2 1. “ hundreds (of...) ”+ 复数名词 是不确切的大数表达，意思是“成 百上千的、数百的”，用来形容数量很多，但不给出具体的数字。 2. 结构要求：hundred 必须用复数形式 hundreds，后面必须加 of， 不能直接跟名词。 例句：Hundreds of visitors come to this ancient town every year. （每年成百上千的游客来到这座古镇） 3. 当表示确切的数字（几百）时，用「基数词 + hundred + 复数名 词」，此时 hundred 必须用单数，不能加 of。 Language points 练 1. 用的正确形式填空 __________ (hundred) of flowers are blooming in the garden. Hundreds 2. ______ people took part in the marathon last week. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of D Summary New words invention, camera, laptop, super, sunglasses, mini-, button, itself, printer, produce, file, plastic Expressions high-speed train, hundreds (of...) Sentences ① How nice of you to think so. ② Almost everything under the sun can be made by it. ③ No, other materials can also be used to produce things. null 37381.266 null 40568.04 null 75989.805 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A（3a-3d） · 学习目标 · 新课导入 · 内容讲解 · 课堂总结 Learning goals 1. New words: invent 2. Sentences: ① Suddenly, news could be spread around the world in seconds. ② In 1901, a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. ③ It also had a big effect on music. Lead-in the greatest inventions of the 21st century drone electric car smartphone I think ... is the most important invention in our life. Because ... New words invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；编造 New words invent /ɪnˈvent/ v. 发明；编造 Textbook 3a Read the conversation. What does Peter think is the most useful invention of all time? Fu Xing: What do you think is the most useful invention of all time, Peter? Peter: It has to be the radio. Fu Xing: The radio? Why? Peter: Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly. The world was made much smaller by the radio. Suddenly, news could be spread around the world in seconds. Fu Xing: Right. Who was the inventor? Peter: An Italian inventor called Guglielmo Marconi. He developed the idea in the 1890s. In 1901, a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. Fu Xing: Wow! That was quite a distance at that time. Textbook 3a Textbook Peter: Yeah. And because of the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well. Fu Xing: Like the television? Peter: That’s right. It also had a big effect on music. The radio made it much easier for people to enjoy music from artists around the world. 3a Textbook 3b Read again and complete the chart. Invention: ___________ Who was the inventor? ___________________ Guglielmo Marconi the radio When was it invented? ___________________ In How did it change the world? The world was made much smaller by the radio. News could be spread around the world in seconds. Because of the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well. The radio made it much easier for people to enjoy music from artists around the world. •________________________________________________________________ •__________________________________ ___________________ •_____________________________________________________________________ Textbook 3c Listen to the conversation. Pay attention to how the key information is stressed. Then role-play the conversation. Show Time Language points 1 1. “ of all time ”意为“有史以来、所有时代中”,用来强调范围，表 示“在所有时间/所有事物里最……”。 例句：This is the most useful invention of all time. （这是有史以来最有用的发明。） 2. 关键搭配：它必须和形容词/副词的最高级一起使用，用来修饰 名词，放在名词后面。 常见结构有两种： • the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + of all time • one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 + of all time Language points 练 1. This is ______ invention of all time. A. useful B. more useful C. the most useful D. most useful C 2. 翻译句子。 屠呦呦是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一。 Tu Youyou is one of the greatest scientists of all time. Textbook 3d Choose another invention that you think is the most important and make a mind map about it. Then describe it to a partner. Time Internet Inventor No single inventor Vin Cerf & Bob Kahn Late 1960s: born 1990s: widely used Changes Faster information New inventions Daily life changes Textbook 3d I think the most important invention of all time is the Internet. It does not have a single inventor, but scientists like Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn helped develop its core technology in the late 1960s, and it became widely used by the public in the 1990s. The Internet has changed the world in many ways. First, it lets information travel around the world in seconds, so people can get news and knowledge much faster than before. Second, it made it possible for other great inventions like smartphones and online shopping to develop. Finally, it has changed how we work, study, and communicate with others, making the world feel much smaller and more connected. Language points 21 1. “ in seconds ” 意为立刻、马上、几秒钟之内，不是“在若干秒 里”，侧重速度很快、瞬间完成。 2. 句子成分：常在句中作时间状语，多放句末，也可放句首表强调。 句式结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + in seconds 例：You can look up any information in seconds. 你可以瞬间查到任何信息。 Language points 21 3. in seconds vs in a second • in seconds 复数：几秒内、顷刻间（泛指速度快，日常通用） • in a second 单数：马上、片刻之后（侧重立刻马上，偏口语） 4. in seconds vs for seconds • in seconds：表示完成时间，动作在几秒内做完 • for seconds：表示持续时长，动作持续了好几秒 Language points 练 1. The clever boy worked out the difficult math problem ______. A. in second B. for second C. in seconds D. for seconds C 2. 翻译句子。 With the Internet, we can get news in seconds. 有了互联网，我们几秒钟内就能获取新闻。 Language points 31 “ have a big effect on… ” 1. 含义：对……有很大的影响 2. 变体拓展（写作提分必记） have a great effect on 有巨大影响 have a strong effect on 有强烈影响 have a bad effect on 对……有不良影响 have a good effect on 对……有好的影响 have no effect on 对……毫无影响 Language points 31 3. 易混词辨析 effect vs affect • effect：名词,意为影响、效果 搭配：have an effect on • affect：动词，意为影响 句式：sth. affects sb./sth. 例句：The Internet has a big effect on our life. = The Internet affects our life greatly. 互联网对我们的生活影响很大。 Language points 练 1. Weather has a big effect ______ our mood. A. in B. on C. at D. for B 2. 翻译句子。 网络对我们的学习有很大的影响。 The Internet has a big effect on our study. Summary New words invent Sentences ① Suddenly, news could be spread around the world in seconds. ② In 1901, a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. ③ It also had a big effect on music. null 55561.547 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section A（4a-4c） · 学习目标 · 新课导入 · 内容讲解 · 课堂总结 Learning goals 1. New words: telephone, suppose, wheel, frozen, eastern, layer, melt, pipe, tourism, economic, gain 2. Expressions: all over the world, be supposed to do / be sth 3. Sentences: ① It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. ② It was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground. Let’s learn Passive Voice together! Lead-in New words telephone /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ n. 电话 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 wheel /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 New words frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的；向东的 layer /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层；表层 New words melt /melt/ v. （使）融化；逐渐消失 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道；管子；烟斗 tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 New words economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的；经济学的 gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得；取得 telephone /ˈtelɪfəʊn/ n. 电话 suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；推断 wheel /wiːl/ n. 车轮；轮子 frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 冻硬的；冰封的 eastern /ˈiːstən/ adj. 东部的；向东的 layer /ˈleɪə(r)/ n. 层；表层 melt /melt/ v. （使）融化；逐渐消失 pipe /paɪp/ n. 管道；管子；烟斗 tourism /ˈtʊərɪzəm/ n. 旅游业 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的；经济学的 gain /ɡeɪn/ v. 获得；取得 Textbook 4a Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. Textbook 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. The telephone ___________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world _____________ (connect) to each other through the internet. 3. The word “ robot ” ______________(introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. was invented are connected was introduced Textbook 4b 4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button ____________ (press) to start the machine. 5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel ____________ (find) in Eastern Europe. was pressed was found Language points 1 1.被动语态的含义：主语被……，承受动作。 2. 基本结构：be + 过去分词 (done) 3.常用时态被动结构 • 一般现在时：am / is / are + done • 一般过去时：was / were + done • 一般将来时：will be + done • 情态动词被动：情态动词 (must / can / should) + be + done 四、主动变被动 1. 把宾语变主语 2. 动词改为 be + 过去分词 3. 原主语前加 by（可省略） 4. 时态保持一致 例：People grow rice. → Rice is grown by people. Language points 1 Language points 练 一、单项选择 Many trees _________ every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 二、句型转换 People use cups to drink water.（改为被动语态） Cups ______ ______ ______ drink water. B are used to Textbook 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It ________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. connects Textbook 4c The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ___________ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes _________ (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to __________ (create) instead. were needed were used be created Textbook In some other places, bridges ___________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and ________ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. 4c As an important and successful project, the railway has ________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help ________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. were built allow increased improve Language points 2 “ be supposed to do / be sth ” 1. 表示“应该、应当”(=should) 用来提出建议、劝告、要求，或描述按规则/常理应该做的事。 例：You are supposed to wear a seatbelt in the car. （乘车时你应该系安全带。） 2. 表示“被期望、被认为” 描述人们对某人/某事的普遍预期、看法。 例：He is supposed to be an expert in this field. （他被认为是这个领域的专家。） Language points 2 3. 表示“本应、本该”（暗含实际未发生） 用过去式 was/were supposed to，表示原本计划/应该做，但实际 没做。 例：The train was supposed to arrive at 8, but it was late. （火车本应8点到，但晚点了。） 4. 否定式 be not supposed to 表示“不允许、不应该”，相当于 should not / be not allowed to。 例：You are not supposed to smoke here.（这里不允许吸烟。） Language points 练 1. 用所给动词的正确形式填空 You ______________________ (not, smoke) in the library. It’s against the rules. are not supposed to smoke 2. You ______ to the party if you don’t finish your homework first. A. are not supposed to come B. were not supposed to come C. are supposed not to come D. were supposed not to come A Summary New words telephone, suppose, wheel, frozen, eastern, layer, melt, pipe, tourism, economic, gain Expressions all over the world, be supposed to do / be sth Sentences ① It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel was found in Eastern Europe. ② It was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground. $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section B（2a-4d） · 学习目标 · 新课导入 · 内容讲解 · 课堂总结 Learning goals 1. New words: rapidly, afford, company, sticky, songbook, production, gradually, widely, glider 2. Expressions: be looking to do sth 3. Sentences: ① Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. ② The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. Lead-in How small ideas turn into world-changing inventions? New words rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ adv. 迅速地；快速地 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起；能做 company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；剧团 New words sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj. 黏（性）的；闷热的 songbook /ˈsɒŋbʊk/ n. 歌曲集 production /prəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 生产；制作 New words gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地；普遍地 glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 New words rapidly /ˈræpɪdli/ adv. 迅速地；快速地 afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 买得起；能做 company /ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；剧团 sticky /ˈstɪki/ adj. 黏（性）的；闷热的 songbook /ˈsɒŋbʊk/ n. 歌曲集 New words production /prəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 生产；制作 gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 widely /ˈwaɪdli/ adv. 广泛地；普遍地 glider /ˈɡlaɪdə(r)/ n. 滑翔机 Textbook 2a Complete the table with different forms of the words. You can add more. Noun Verb Adjective collect creative invent product collection collective creation create invention inventive produce productive Textbook 2b Choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 1. The use of modern medicine has helped control / spread many dangerous diseases. 2. News could travel much more rapidly / slowly with inventions like the radio and the television. Textbook 2b 3. Fibre made from oil provides a(n) cheap / expensive solution to the problem that many people cannot afford to buy enough clothes. 4. A film was invented / produced by a film company to tell us about what robots could do for people’s lives in the future. 5. In January 1911, Feng Ru carried out a secret / public test flight in Oakland City. He showed the world what Chinese people could achieve. Textbook 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the phrases in the box. Then discuss how an invention like sticky notes is turned into reality. piece of stand up result in to sb’s surprise Did you know that an accident led to the invention of sticky notes? In 1968, a scientist named Spencer Silver was trying to make a strong glue. _______________ , he produced a glue that was really weak. It could stick things, but it could be removed very easily. The glue was interesting, but no one could find a use for it. To his surprise Textbook 2c Then, in 1974, a man named Arthur Fry was trying to mark the pages in a songbook using small _________ paper. However, whenever he _________ to sing, the pieces fell to the floor. Then he remembered Silver’s glue. With the glue, the paper stayed in the songbook, but it could later be removed. Fry’s idea _________ the production of sticky notes of many sizes and colours. They gradually became popular and now are widely used all over the world. stood up resulted in pieces of Textbook 3a Read the text and complete the chart. The invention of the plane has greatly changed the world. However, it seems that its inventors, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. Rather, they just wanted to fly like birds. Textbook 3a To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight, the Wright brothers began working with gliders. There were two main challenges. The first was how to get the glider into the air. The second was how to control it once it was flying. For both problems, they found their solutions by looking at how birds flew. After they solved these problems, they added an engine to the glider. Then, in December 1903, the world’s first plane flights were made. Textbook 3a The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. Journeys that once took days, weeks, or even months, can now be made in only a few hours. As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, and the world has become a much smaller place. Textbook 3a Paragraph 1 What was invented? Who were the inventors? Why was it invented? The plane. Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright Because the inventors wanted to fly like birds. Textbook 3a Paragraph 2 What challenges were met? How was it invented? When was it invented? How to get the glider into the air. How to control the glider once it was flying. The Wright brothers studied how birds flew to solve the flight problems, then added an engine to the glider. In December 1903. Textbook 3a Paragraph 3 What was its effect? It made our travels around the world much easier and faster,communication among people in different countries is now much easier, and the world has become a much smaller place. Textbook 3b Choose a great invention you are interested in. Do some research and make notes about it. ____________ was invented by _____ in _______ . The telephone Bell 1876 • It was invented because ____________________________________ __________________________________. way to communicate over long distances people wanted a faster and more convenient • It was made of / from _______________. metal and plastic Textbook 3b • The inventor had difficulties in _____________________________ ____________. testing and improving the sound transmission • The invention was responsible for / led ________________________ ____________________. to the rapid development of global communication Textbook 3c Write about the invention you have chosen using the information from 3b. The telephone is one of the most important inventions in the world. It was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.Bell invented the telephone because he wanted to help people communicate more conveniently across long distances. During his invention, he met many difficulties, especially in improving sound transmission. However, he never gave up and finally made it.The telephone has greatly changed our life. It makes long‑distance communication much faster and easier, and also promotes the development of global communication. Language points 1 1. be looking to do sth 意为打算/计划/想要做某事（侧重：心里有 明确目标、主动计划去做，区别于单纯“想要”） 2. 基本结构：主语 + be动词 + looking + to do（动词不定式） 3. 同义替换： = plan to do sth = intend to do sth = want to do sth（语气更弱） Language points 练 1. My brother _______ improve his English, so he reads English every morning. A. looking to B. is looking to C. looks to D. was looking A 2. 翻译句子。 我们打算参加学校的发明展。 We are looking to take part in the school’s invention exhibition. Textbook 4a Read the school notice. Choose one area you want to make improvements in. Textbook 4b Work in groups. Discuss what inventions could help in your chosen area. Textbook 4c Make a poster about your invention. The poster should include: • the name of the invention • a picture of it • what it is made of / from • what it is used for • what effect it has on people’s lives Textbook 4d Present your poster in the exhibition. Vote for your favourite ones. Show Time Language points 2 1. “ come up with sth ” 核心义为想出；提出；找到（主意、计划、 发明、答案、解决方案等） 2. 同义替换 • = think up （口语化，想出） • = put forward （正式，提出计划/观点） • = work out （侧重“想出、算出”具体方案） 例：He came up with / thought up a good plan. 他想出了一个好计划。 练 Language points 1. 同义句改写。 She thought up a creative invention.（用come up with） → She ________ ________ ________ a creative invention. comes up with 2. 翻译句子。 他提出了一个改变人们生活的发明。 He came up with an invention that changed people’s lives. / He put forward an invention that changed people’s lives. Reflecting Textbook 1. Which invention and inventor in this unit impressed you the most,and why? 2. How can inventions change people’s lives? 3. Can you use the passive voice to talk about inventions? 4. How do inventors make an idea come true? Creativity is seeing what others see and thinking what no one else has ever thought. Summary New words rapidly, afford, company, sticky, songbook, production, gradually, widely, glider Expressions be looking to do sth Sentences ① Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, were not looking to change the world at all. ② The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster. $