2026届高三英语二轮复习阅读理解之细节理解题 课件

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦阅读理解细节理解专题，依据高考评价体系明确其“占较大比例”的考查要求，梳理直接信息、语义转换、归纳概括、数字计算四大常考题型，通过真题案例分析考点权重，构建“定位-比对-作答”的语言能力培养路径，体现备考针对性与实用性。 课件亮点在于“真题典例+技巧拆解+素养提升”的设计，如以2025浙江卷数字计算题为例，详解“找关键词-定位数据-精准计算”步骤，结合同义替换、上下义词转换等语义转换类型，培养学生分析比对的思维品质与高效解题的学习能力。教师可依托此课件实施专题突破，助力学生掌握答题技巧，提升高考基础分得分率。

二轮复习阅读理解之细节理解 细节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比例，但此类题型相对简单，只需要根据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出答案。因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分。保住基础分才能得高分。 ◎导图助解 高考热考题型一 直接信息题 题型解读：直接信息题一般能在文章中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。 [真题典例] (2025·浙江1月卷·阅读A片段) Interlibrary Loan(ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection. Who Can Borrow? Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL.Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders. 21．Who can use the ILL service? A．Former students. B．Guest borrowers. C．Retired teachers. D．Fee-card holders. 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 导语/标题 总 小标题 小标题 小标题 小标题 细节 细节 细节 细节 以列表、表格或小标题形式呈现，通常包含时间、地点、费用、联系方式等 应用文：广告、通知、招聘信息、活动介绍、产品说明、旅游指南等 细节理解题：占比最高，考查对具体信息的提取能力 数字计算题：涉及时间、价格等数据的简单计算 推理判断题：根据文章内容推断隐含信息 来源出处题：问文章可能出自哪里（newspaper/website/guidebook等） 细节归纳题：问共同点，关注“共性”而非“个性” 21. Which is a feature of Makoshika State Park? A. The remains of an ancient creature. B. A quartzite mountain with beautiful cliffs. C. A limestone arch across a canyon. D. Mushroom-shaped rock formations. 22. What can be inferred about Goblin Valley State Park? A. It has historical buildings. B. It is a draw for drivers. C. It is the largest park in Utah. D. It offers amazing night views. 23. What do the four parks have in common? A. They all have opening hours currently. B. They all have unique rock-related landscapes. C. They all have key native American history. D. They all have hiking paths for local people. 应用文——旅游宣传类 恐龙化石、砂岩地貌 石英岩山丘、观景台、目前关闭 蘑菇状砂岩、暗夜星空、迷宫般地貌 石灰岩拱门、历史人物（杰斐逊）、印第安村落复制品 细 推 共同点 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 You'll also find impressive dinosaur fossils. 同义替换 细 词义转换，指的是题干或正确选项中的关键信息，不会照搬原文，而是通过同义词、不同词性、不同句式或逻辑关系进行替换。 类型一：词汇层面——同义词与释义转述 特点：这是出现频率最高的类型。正确选项用不同的词汇（近义词或解释性表达）来转述原文中的关键信息，考查学生的词汇量和语义识别能力。 高考热考题型二 语义转换题 题型解读：语义转换题命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。 (2025·新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读A片段)This energy transition(变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing，” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，” says Wipke. 23．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A．Limiting fuel consumption. B．Putting more effort into renewables. C．Improving energy efficiency. D．Making electricity more affordable. 加大对可再生能源的投入。 加速 细节理解题正确选项特征：同、近义词复现，同义替换 【真题案例4】反义复现（正话反说） 原文段落（2024新课标II卷 A篇）： Walk Three: A 5-mile walk through the historic district. Participants must wear appropriate footwear and clothing for outdoor walking. Those who dress inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. What are participants in Walk Three required to do? A. Wear proper clothes. B. Bring their own water. C. Arrive before 9:00 am. D. Register in advance. 细节理解题正确选项特征：同/近义词、反义词复现、同义替换 require to do要求做某事 穿着不合适者将被拒绝参与 正话反说 否定词+反义词”（inappropriately不合适地与refused拒绝）构成双重否定 【真题案例1】释义转述（2025全国一卷 B篇） 原文段落： I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1? A. Efforts made in vain. B. Getting injured in his work. C. Feeling uncertain about his future. D. Creatures forced out of their homes. 令人心碎的 生死未卜 徒劳无功：没有成功或结果。 细节理解题正确选项特征：同、近义词复现，同义替换 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 类型二：词汇层面——上下义词转换 特点：原文使用具体事例或细节描述，选项用概括性词汇（上义词）进行抽象表达；或相反。考查学生从具体到抽象的归纳能力。 【真题案例2】上义词概括（2025全国一卷 C篇） P3: Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” 28.What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 保持城市宜居 宜居的地方 call on sb to do 呼吁某人做某事 细节理解题正确选项特征：同/近义词、反义词复现、同义替换、上下义词转换 对这一具体行动的上义词概括 类型三：逻辑层面——主动与被动/肯定与否定转换 特点：改变句子的表面结构（主动变被动、肯定变双重否定），但逻辑本质不变。这种转换考查学生对句子深层语义的把握。 【真题案例3】主动与被动互换（2025全国一卷 D篇） Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. P3:Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. 33.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time. C. The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water. 水的硬度 捕获水中微塑料的有效性取决于什么？ cruciall adv.关键地 hardness n.硬度 effectiveness n.有效性 rely on 依赖 效果取决于水中碳酸钙的含量，而碳酸钙含量决定水的“硬度” 细节理解题正确选项特征：同/近义词、反义词复现，同义替换、 上下义词转换、信息归纳、 McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School.He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular，with five shows to his credit.This summer he attended Kentucky's Governor's School for the Arts in Musical Theatre. 22．What can we learn about the two actors? A．They study in the same school. B．They worked together in “Ragtime”． C．They are experienced on stage. D．They became friends ten years ago. 高考热考题型三 归纳概括题 题型解读：归纳概括题涉及一段内的多个信息或多段内容，且各个细节信息都能在文章中找到。 [真题典例] (2024·浙江1月卷·阅读A片段)Turner，a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts，is a familiar presence on Cincinnati's stages.He is a star actor of Children's Theatre，having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz”， and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”． 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 归纳概括须耐心，综合判断慎选择 解答归纳概括题时要注意以下三点： 1．分析题干。根据问题所涉及的关键词，找到相应句子或段落； 2．仔细比对。对散落在文章不同处的信息源，要不厌其烦地一一比对； 3．确定答案。综合分析文章所提供的各个层次的细节信息的信息源，然后确定答案，既不能断章取义，也不能张冠李戴。 ▶ 名师支招 高考热考题型四 数字计算题 题型解读：数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等数据的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须找出计算背后所隐含的信息。 [真题典例] (2025·浙江1月卷· 阅读A片段) Interlibrary Loan Fees Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10 For-Profit Libraries $20 $12 International Libraries $25 $15 23.How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library? A.$15.　　　　　 B．$20. C.$24. D．$30. 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 $15×2＝$30 ▶ 名师支招 “两法”突破数字计算题 (注意：带“★”的黑体题目为本讲相关题型) 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——旅游参观 (2025·河南豫东豫北名校联考) About Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh Castle plays an important role in Scotland's capital. During the Wars of Independence the castle changed hands many times. In 1314 it was retaken from the English in a sudden night attack by Thomas Randolph, nephew of Robert the Bruce. The castle was home to kings and queens. Queen Margaret died here in 1093, and Mary Queen of Scots gave birth to James Ⅵ in the royal palace in 1566. From the 1600s onwards the castle was a military base. Later it also held prisoners of war. Parts are still a military base, but the castle is now a world-famous visitor attraction. Opening Hours： The castle opens daily at 9：30 a．m. Closing time varies seasonally： 1 Apr.～30 Sept.: it closes at 6 p．m. 1 Oct.～31 Mar.: it closes at 5 p．m. ★1.When can visitors visit Edinburgh Castle on New Year's Day? A．4 p.m.～6 p.m. B．10 a．m.～12 a．m. C．11 a．m.～5 p．m. D．9 a．m.～11 a．m. 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 The castle is closed on 25th and 26th December. On January 1st we are open from 11 a．m. to 5 p.m. and normal hours from January 2nd. Last admission is 1 hour before closing. Ticket Types and Prices： Beat the queues and book ahead online using our webstore for fast-track entry at no extra cost. Members do not need to queue at the ticket office, and simply need to show their cards at Visitor Information. Prices： Child (5～15 yrs) ：￡9.90 Adult (16～59 yrs) ：￡16.50 Concession (优惠价) (60 yrs＋) : ￡13.20 Children under 5 years old go free, but they must be accompanied by an adult. ★2.How much should Jack, aged 62, and his twin 5-year-old grandchildren pay in all to visit Edinburgh Castle? A．￡13.20. B．￡36.30. C．￡16.50. D．￡33.00. 13.2＋9.9＋9.9＝33英镑 Guided Tours： A guided tour is included in your ticket price—our guides love sharing their stories. They are experienced, knowledgeable and are always happy to answer questions, so it's a great way to discover the castle's amazing past. Guided tours take place throughout the day and the meeting point is through the Portcullis Gate past the audio booth by the clock. ★3.What is true about guided tours of Edinburgh Castle? A．They are provided only at the Portcullis Gate. B．They are provided only at certain times. C．Questions aren't welcomed during the guided tour. D．They cost no extra money. 细节理解题正确选项特征：同/近义词、反义词复现，同义替换、 上下义词转换、信息归纳、 解题步骤：一找关键词二定位信息句三比对选项 $