UNIT 2 Natural disasters(课时跟踪检测)-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word（译林版）

**基本信息** 围绕“自然灾害”主题，整合科技前沿（如地震传感器研发、动物预测灾害）与社会热点（飓风救援）真实情境，通过阅读、完形、语法题型系统考查语言能力与思维品质，适配高中英语一轮复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题|细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意|选用2026年模拟题，素材含青少年科技创新与动物行为研究，凸显科技与自然关联| |完形填空|15题|词汇辨析、语境逻辑|以飓风救援故事为载体，考查实词运用与情感态度理解| |语法填空|10题|冠词、时态、非谓语、代词|结合雷电灾害科普，强化语法在真实语境中的应用|

UNIT 2　Natural disasters Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·湖南师大附中一模）Vivien He is a senior at a high school in Rolling Hills Estates.Growing up in Southern California， where earthquakes often happen， this 18-year-old girl has spent lots of time hiding under her school desk during earthquake drills.These ground tremors （small earthquakes） are the world’s deadliest natural disasters.And they’re often unpredictable. 　　Earthquake early warning systems do exist.One is the ShakeAlert system on the U.S.West Coast.Earthquake monitoring stations in the ShakeAlert network detect ground shaking when a quake strikes.Those stations then alert people that the ground under them may soon start to shake.But it’s hard to predict how much the ground will shake at any given place.And people closest to an earthquake’s source are out of luck.They’ll feel the shaking before they can get an alert. 　　Therefore， Vivien built an at-home earthquake sensor.Called the Qube， this device uses a motion sensor called a geophone to feel tremors that may mark the beginning of a bigger quake.Then， it can warn users by sounding the alarm or sending text alerts.To build it， Vivien bought a machine and watched YouTube videos to learn how to use it.Then she went to work in a spare bathroom. 　　During nine months of testing， Vivien’s Qube detected all earthquakes over magnitude 3 around Los Angeles.The motion data captured by her Qube also matched those from a nearby seismometer （地震仪） in the Southern California Seismic Network. 　　Vivien is now building up a network of Qubes around Los Angeles.“I have eight devices in different homes，” she says.A widespread Qube network could serve as a role similar to that of ShakeAlert seismic stations.When one Qube starts to shake， it could alert users across town to an oncoming quake.But unlike earthquake monitoring stations， Qubes are tiny and inexpensive.About the size of a Rubik’s cube， one Qube costs less than $100 to make.So， many more of them could be installed around a city. 1.What can we learn about Vivien He when she was little？（　　） A.She used to like playing hide and seek in school. B.She was often at risk of experiencing an earthquake. C.She once got injured severely in an earthquake drill. D.She showed no interest in studying natural disasters. 2.Why does the author mention the ShakeAlert system？（　　） A.To prove the necessity of early earthquake monitoring stations. B.To compare ShakeAlert with Vivien’s Qube in terms of accuracy. C.To highlight the technological advancements in earthquake detection. D.To show the drawback of existing earthquake early warning systems. 3.What’s the main function of Vivien He’s device？（　　） A.Monitoring tremors and sending alarms. B.Collecting data about minor earthquakes. C.Predicting the center of an earthquake. D.Assessing the sizes of earthquakes. 4.What’s implied about the network of Qubes？（　　） A.It’s very challenging to build it. B.It has limitations in large cities. C.It can be easily applied at a low cost. D.It just requires eight devices in each place. B 　　（2026·安徽宿州期末）Scientists are recruiting （招募） some unusual recruits in their efforts to forecast earthquakes， volcanic eruptions and other natural phenomena.They are enrolling thousands of dogs， goats， and other farmyard animals — as well as a wide range of wildlife — in studies that will monitor their movements from space. 　　The programme uses tiny transmitters （发射器） that are being fitted to creatures.The detailed movements of these creatures will then be monitored from a special satellite to be launched next year.“Ultimately， we hope to launch a fleet of around six satellites and establish a global observation network that will not only provide details of wildlife movements during migration （迁徙） and animal health across the planet but reveal how creatures respond to natural phenomena like earthquakes，” said the project leader， Martin Wikelski， of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour in Germany. 　　The value of studying tagged （做标记的） animals in this latter area has already been demonstrated in early experiments in Sicily， said Wikelski last week.“We have found the behaviour of goats is pretty good at predicting large volcanic eruptions.” Sensors have shown the animals become nervous before an eruption and refuse to move to where they would normally be happy to visit.“They know beforehand what is coming.We don’t know how they do it， but they do，” said Wikelski. 　　Because of a revolution in tagging technology， tiny digital transmitters — using small batteries — and cheap and plentiful GPS devices have made it possible to make tags that are only a few grams in weight.“We are now able to track most things.Understanding how creatures react to geological changes is only one area of interest in that revolution，” added Wikelski.“For instance， we can survey wildlife health from space.” By monitoring tagged animals， scientists can timely detect an outbreak of an infectious disease in the wild， which could be important for controlling the disease’s impact on farms.The technology should also help scientists to understand the processes that drive animal migrations.“Similarly， we will be able to study animal populations to determine how they are responding to habitat changes caused by global warming，” said Wikelski. 5.Why are various animals recruited in the study？（　　） A.To identify animal species. B.To test digital transmitters. C.To protect animal habitats. D.To predict natural disasters. 6.What does the underlined phrase “this latter area” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.Animal health. B.Wildlife migrations. C.A global observation network. D.Animal reactions to natural phenomena. 7.What application of the technology is mentioned in the last paragraph？（　　） A.Fueling research into global warming. B.Preventing a disease outbreak in the wild. C.Protecting farms from infections caused by wildlife. D.Reducing the effect of animal migration on humans. 8.What is the text mainly about？（　　） A.The sign of natural disasters. B.The use of tagging technology. C.The impact of habitat changes. D.The mystery of animal migration. Ⅱ.完形填空 　　Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding， winds and a record high storm. 　　Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to 　9　 because she is missing a leg.Her son Johnny tried 　10　 to get her to leave， but she refused again and again — she 　11　 the intensity of the storm. 　　Johnny lives four blocks away.When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist， he knew he had to take 　12　. 　　First， Johnny 　13　 his kids were taken care of.He gave them food and opened the attic （阁楼） so that they could 　14　 through the roof if water continued to rise.Then， he jumped out of a window and began to 　15　. 　　Johnny was racing against the clock.He knew he only had a（n） 　16　 period of time to get there before the water rose above Karen’s 　17　.It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.The sound of Karen yelling was 　18　 to his ears！ She was still alive！ 　　Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 　19　 although they’ve lost everything they owned.But they’re 　20　 just to be here. 　　“I didn’t lose 　21　.Life is like a computer， there’re two 　22　：a reset and a power — and we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power， that got 　23　，” he said. 9.（　）A.get around B.help out C.sit up D.work out 10.（　）A.simply B.repeatedly C.obviously D.particularly 11.（　）A.calculated B.identified C.experienced D.underestimated 12.（　）A.care B.place C.action D.charge 13.（　）A.proved B.ensured C.noticed D.admitted 14.（　）A.expand B.assist C.escape D.dominate 15.（　）A.run B.ride C.drive D.swim 16.（　）A.short B.efficient C.ideal D.indefinite 17.（　）A.waist B.ankles C.head D.knees 18.（　）A.harm B.music C.advice D.news 19.（　）A.responsible B.remarkable C.innocent D.safe 20.（　）A.grateful B.sure C.concerned D.surprised 21.（　）A.memory B.hope C.sight D.weight 22.（　）A.screens B.keyboards C.buttons D.monitors 23.（　）A.prepared B.separated C.injured D.hit Ⅲ.语法填空 　　Lightning is very common but one of the most powerful weather forces to hit the Earth. 　　24.　　　　　　 （actual）， every second about 100 lightning strikes hit 25.　　　　　　 surface of the Earth.In some parts of the world， for example in India， summer lightning storms are very common. 　　With the rainy season 26.　　　　　　 （begin） there， storms often cover most of the country’s northern area.A newspaper once 27.　　　　　　 （report） lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India. 　　If you are outside， 28.　　　　　　 （expert） say you should take cover， 29.　　　　　　 means finding a safe shelter for protection.During a lightning storm， no place outside is safe.If you hear thunder， lightning is close enough to hit you.Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree. 　　If you are indoors during a lightning storm， you could still be 30.　　　　　　 danger.Stay off wired phones， computers and other 31.　　　　　　 （equip） that can put you in direct contact with electricity.Avoid any area with running water and stay away from windows and doors.Specialists at the United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save 32.　　　　　　 （they） lives.It is safe 33.　　　　　　 （touch） a lightning strike victim.People struck by lightning do not carry charge. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 2　Natural disasters Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国的一名高中生Vivien He发明的一种名为Qube的地震传感器设备，它可以感应到一些可能引起更大地震的小地震。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Vivien He小时候经常处于经历地震的风险中。 2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，作者提到ShakeAlert系统是为了展示现有地震预警系统的缺点。 3.A　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Vivien He的设备的主要功能是监测震动并发送警报。 4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Qubes网络可以低成本地轻松应用。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家正在招募一些不同寻常的动物来预测自然灾害。 5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，在研究中招募各种动物是为了预测自然灾害。 6.D　词义猜测题。根据第二段内容可知，“后者这一领域”指的是上文提到的动物对自然现象的反应。 7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的By monitoring tagged animals ...the disease’s impact on farms.可知，最后一段提到了该技术在保护农场免受野生动植物引起的感染方面的应用。 8.B　主旨大意题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段内容和最后一段中的Because of a revolution ... added Wikelski.可知，文章主要介绍了科学家利用标记技术，通过卫星来监测动物们的运动。这对于预测自然灾害有重要意义。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。猛烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街区去救坐轮椅的母亲。虽然灾难使他们失去了财产，但幸运的是，一家人都平安脱险。 9.A　根据空后的because she is missing a leg可知，Karen缺少一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅四处走动。 10.B　根据后半句中的but she refused again and again可知，她儿子试图让她离开家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒绝儿子的要求。 11.D　根据第一段和第三段可推知，暴风雨强度很大，她低估了暴风雨的强度。 12.C　根据本句语境可知，在听到母亲说家里的水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny意识到自己必须采取行动去救自己的母亲。 13.B　根据下句中的He gave them food和上文提到的他要去帮助母亲可推知，他给了孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好。 14.C　根据空后的if water continued to rise可知，如果水位继续上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去。 15.D　根据下段中的It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.和上文介绍暴风雨很大可知，Johnny是游到母亲家的。 16.A　根据空后的before the water rose above Karen’s并结合上文语境可知，水很快就会淹没Karen，所以说他只有很短的时间游到母亲家里。 17.C　根据第三段第二句可知，家里的水已经到了Karen的腰，如果不采取措施，水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没。 18.B　根据下句She was still alive！可知，听到母亲的声音，他很高兴，知道母亲还活着，此处指将母亲的声音比作音乐，突出他很高兴。 19.D　根据下句中的just to be here可知，家里的每个人都安全了。 20.A　根据上句和下段中的we are blessed可知，他们都在暴风雨中幸存下来，所以是感激的。 21.B　根据下句中的we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power可知，Johnny认为他们只是需要重新开启生活，这说明他没有失去希望。 22.C　根据空前的Life is like a computer和空后的a reset button，not the power可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按钮——一个是重置按钮，一个是电源按钮。 23.D　根据空前的we are blessed that it was just a reset button， not the power，that got可知，Johnny和家人们都很庆幸，这场暴风雨只是击中了生活的重置按钮，而不是电源按钮。 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。闪电是袭击地球最强大的力量之一，文章介绍了正确应对雷暴天气的一些办法。 24.Actually　考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词；位于句首，首字母大写。 25.the　考查冠词。此处特指“地球的表面”，应用定冠词the。 26.beginning　考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，begin与宾语the rainy season是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。 27.reported　考查时态。设空处在主句中作谓语，结合时间状语once可知，此处表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时。 28.experts　考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，设空处为主句的主语，expert为可数名词，根据下文中主句的谓语动词say为原形可知，应为复数形式。 29.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文中的you should take cover，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which。 30.in　考查介词。固定搭配in danger意为“处于危险中”。 31.equipment　考查名词。此处作介词off的宾语，应用名词，equipment是不可数名词。 32.their　考查代词。空处修饰名词lives，作定语，应用形容词性物主代词。 33.to touch　考查非谓语动词。此处为“It be＋adj.＋动词不定式短语”结构，句中的It为形式主语，空处应用动词不定式短语作真正的主语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $