第07讲 （人教版选择性必修第四册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦选择性必修四词汇考点，覆盖约92个核心与阅读词汇，按单元梳理词形变形、拼写、词义及短语辨析，结合2024-2026年真题考情分析高频话题与词性，通过考情透视、知识导图、考点突破、真题演练四环节，帮助学生系统构建词汇网络，突破完形与阅读词汇应用难点。 资料以语言能力和思维品质为导向，创新设计“词形万花筒”等互动练习强化词形变化，采用分层复习策略（必须/重点/了解词汇）提升学习效率，真题实战与命题演练结合，助力学生掌握高频词汇在语境中的应用，为教师提供精准复习节奏把控依据，有效提升学生应考能力。

第07讲 选择性必修第四册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································11 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································13 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································13 知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································15 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································17 2. 命题演练·····························································21 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 appointment, declare, division, fare, fetch, fiction, guilty, inch, labour, maximum, pace, random, ridiculous, salary, suspend, urge, weekly handkerchief, niece, panel, venue 21 Unit 2 capacity, dive, fence, foundation, frequency, joint, political, sample, temporary bakery, butcher, monument 13 Unit 3 arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend, fetch, log, meanwhile, negotiate, opponent, tale, underwater, withdraw conference, directory, hand, laptop, man, mixture , press, set 24 Unit 4 clay, contract, deserve, dust, grant, hut, input, jam, kettle, pan, plug, privilege, shade, tablet, weed handshake, uniform 17 Unit 5 accuse, acquire, collar, finance, knit, lawyer, participant, priority, proficiency, receipt code,fox, graphic, hydrogen, knit, receptionist 17 总计 约67 约25 约92 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 科幻与人工智能（appointment, bonus, declare, guilty, suspend, urge, weekly, superior, alien） 标志性景点与旅游（bakery, barbecue, biology, capacity, foundation, monument, peak, political, session, temporary, violent） 海洋探索与航海（arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend, negotiate, opponent, politics, profession, tale, underwater, withdraw） 志愿服务与共享（clay, contract, deserve, grant, handshake, hut, input, privilege, tablet, weed） 职业规划与求职（acquire, accuse, aptitude, assemble, employer, finance, graphic, participant, priority, proficiency, receipt, resume, supervise） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire, accuse, assemble, bounce, supervise 名词：appointment, bonus, division, fare, labour, maximum, pace, random, bond, channel, coverage, league, opponent, profession, tale, contract, drawer, dust, handshake, input, privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, receipt, sample 形容词：guilty, weekly, hollow, political, temporary, violent, marine, underwater, guilty, greedy, intermediate 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire, accuse, assemble, bounce, supervise, urge, deserve 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、心理状态和决策过程 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 bonus, division, labour, maximum, random, bond, channel, coverage, league, opponent, profession, contract, privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, sample 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 declare, suspend, urge, guilty, bonus, maximum, random Unit 2 capacity, foundation, frequency, temporary, violent, peak Unit 3 extend, negotiate, withdraw, bond, channel, coverage, opponent Unit 4 deserve, grant, privilege, contract, input, weed Unit 5 acquire, accuse, assemble, finance, priority, proficiency, supervise 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 pace（速度/步伐）, division（分开/除法/部门）, urge（催促/强烈欲望） Unit 2 joint（关节/联合的/公共场所）, shade（阴凉处/遮蔽/色度） Unit 3 bond（纽带/债券）, code（代码/密码/准则）, log（日志/原木/记录） Unit 4 contract（合同/感染）, grant（授予/同意/拨款）, weed（杂草/除草） Unit 5 bounce（弹跳/活力）, sample（样品/体验）, spy（间谍/侦察） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 absurd, alien, backwards, blurred, calculate, chairwoman, dignity, dismiss, explode, flip, flour, gramme, grip, hazy, inaction, inch, integrity, jolt, ladder, lamp, leather, lever, mud, nail, overstatement, panel, presume, puff, ridiculous, rumour, salary, superior, venue Unit 2 arrow, bungee, didgeridoo, dim sim, dive, domain, entitle, equator, fence, freedom, frog, getaway, geyser, golf, grand, hatch, herb, heritage, horn, iconic, kayaking, kiwi, latitude, liberty, licensed, located, mammal, manuka, minister, nest, opposition, phase, pitch, pouch, premier, prison, sponsorship, straightforward, strait, trunk, vibrate Unit 3 applaud, behold, coral, directory, exploit, fleet, gallon, manned, maritime, merchant, mercy, migration, mixture, murder, parcel, possession, press conference, royal, set sail, spice, submersible, tax, tournament Unit 4 a chorus of, bubble, cardiac, capsule, chemist, circuit, circus, consultation, cotton, criterion, disability, disabled, doorway, drag, dusty, fireplace, forehead, housing, jar, jaw, lately, leftover, mail, not to mention, parcel, platform, pray, relay, resign, rigid, ripe, rubber, saucer, secondary, stability, tube, tune, uniform, washroom, wrinkle Unit 5 accountant, attend to, bridegroom, breast, cage, camel, categorise, certificate, communist, council, detective, disk, entrepreneur, estate, flea, fox, fry, handwriting, justice, occupation, orient, parking, profile, purse, radium, scenario, socialist, wool 考点一 选择性必修4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1.A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读D篇)剑桥大学的一个心理学家团队进行了一项实验，比较了仅仅观看艺术品与主动评判其美感所产生的认知效应。 2. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. (2026年新高考全国II卷阅读D篇) “我很惊喜，因为我一直在找地方插电，”埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一个工人阶层区域赶地铁前说道。 3. It lays a solid foundation for efficient study. Although socializing enriches our campus life and develops our teamwork skills, it is only a complementary part rather than a main task. (2026年新高考全国I卷应用文写作)它为高效学习奠定了坚实的基础。虽然社交活动丰富了我们的校园生活，培养了我们的团队协作能力，但它只是一个补充部分，而不是主要任务。 4. Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇) 艺术作品陈述：请提供一份简要陈述（不超过150词），概述您的艺术作品构思。 5. The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇)伯灵顿市公共艺术项目将携手安大略文化日，在比奇韦（Beachway）推出一系列临时公共艺术标识。 6.“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. (2024年全国甲卷阅读C篇)“人们一大早就开始排队预约，”德国摄影师埃米尔·杜克说道。他于11月随圣卢卡斯医院的医务人员一起，穿越了克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和哈卡斯广袤的地区，进行了为期两周的行程。 Unit 1 1．appointment n. 预约；约会；委任→appoint vt. 任命；指定；约定　vi. 任命；委派 2．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员→salesman n. 售货员；推销员 3．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n. 内疚；罪行；罪责 4．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur n. 模糊的记忆　v. (使)变得模糊不清 5．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施→inactive adj. 不活跃的；不活动的；怠惰的；闲置的 6．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj. 极好的，极吸引人的；令人震惊的 7．mud n. 泥；泥浆→muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She has a doctor‘s ________________ this afternoon. The company decided to ________________ him as the new manager. (appointment) 2. The ________________ helped me find the perfect dress. The ________________ in the men‘s department was very friendly. (saleswoman) 3. He felt ________________ about forgetting her birthday. His ________________ weighed heavily on his conscience. (guilty) 4. The writing on the old letter was ________________ . The memory of that day was a ________________ in his mind. (blurred) 5. The government‘s ________________ led to further problems. The volcano has been ________________ for many years. (inaction) 6. The news of his sudden death ________________ everyone. She looked ________________ in her evening gown. (stun) 7. Heavy rain turned the path into ________________ . The road was ________________ after the storm. (mud) 【答案】 1. appointment, appoint 2. saleswoman, salesman 3. guilty, guilt 4. blurred, blur 5. inaction, inactive 6. stunned, stunning 7. mud, muddy Unit 2 1．foundation n. 创建；基础；地基→found v. 创办，成立；建造，兴建 2．political adj. 政治的→politics n. 政治，政治活动(事务) 3．located adj. 位于→location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地 4．freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj. 免费的；自由的　v. 释放；使解脱出来 5．license vt. 批准；许可　n. 许可证；执照→licensed adj. 得到正式许可的 6．violence n. 暴力；暴行→violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 7．biology n. 生理；生物学→biological adj. 生物的，生物学的→biologist n. 生物学家 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. It was ________________ by a group of generous philanthropists. (foundation) 2. He has very strong ________________ views. He has been involved in ________________ for many years. (political) 3. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. This is a perfect ________________ for the wedding. (located) 4. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. Admission to the museum is ________________ for children under 12. (freedom) 5. The restaurant is ________________ to serve alcohol. The driver received a ________________ for his new business. (license) 6. The movie contains scenes of ________________ . The storm was ________________ and caused severe damage. (violence) 7. She is studying ________________ at university. ________________ research has led to many medical breakthroughs. She hopes to become a famous ________________ . (biology) 【答案】 1. foundation, founded 2. political, politics 3. located, location 4. freedom, free 5. licensed, license 6. violence, violent 7. biology, Biological, biologist Unit 3 1．extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→extension n. 扩展；延伸；延期 2．negotiate vt. 商定；达成(协议)　vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n. 谈判，磋商，协商；转让 3．behold vt. 看；看见→beholder n. 旁观者；观看者 4．profession n. 职业；行业→professional adj. 专业的；职业的；职业性的　n. 专业人员；职业运动员 5．mixture n. 混合；结合体；混合物→mix v. (使)混合，(使)调和 6．migration n. 迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate v. 迁移；迁徙；移居 7．exploit vt. 开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n. 开发；利用；剥削 8．opponent n. 反对者；对手；竞争者→opponency n. 反对；对立 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The company plans to ________________ its business to Asia. They are building an ________________ to the hospital. (extend) 2. The two sides agreed to ________________ a new trade deal. After lengthy ________________ , they finally reached an agreement. (negotiate) 3. Beauty is in the eye of the ________________. Open your eyes and ________________ the wonderful scenery. (behold) 4. Teaching is a noble ________________ . She is a ________________ actress who has won many awards. (profession) 5. The drink is a ________________ of fruit juices. You need to ________________ the ingredients thoroughly. (mixture) 6. The ________________ of birds takes place every spring. Many species ________________ to warmer regions during winter. (migration) 7. The company plans to ________________ the natural resources of the region. The ________________ of workers has led to widespread protests. (exploit) 8. He easily defeated his ________________ in the debate. The principle of ________________ is central to this theory. (opponent) 【答案】 1. extend, extension 2. negotiate, negotiations 3. beholder, behold 4. profession, professional 5. mixture, mix 6. migration, migrate 7. exploit, exploitation 8. opponent, opponency Unit 4 1．dust n. 沙土；灰尘　vi.& vt. 擦灰→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的 2．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权→privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的 3．disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷；障碍 4．lately adv. 最近；不久前；近来→late adj. 晚期的，末期的；晚的，迟的　adv. 晚，迟 5．grant vt. 同意；准许　n. 拨款→grantee n. 受让人；被授与者 6．consultation n. 咨询；咨询会→consult v. 咨询；请教 7．stability n. 稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj. 稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的 8．hypothetical adj. 假设的；假定的→hypothesis n. 假说，假设 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The old books were covered in ________________ . She ________________ the shelves every week. The room was dark and ________________ . (dust) 2. It was a great ________________ to meet the famous author. Only ________________ guests were invited to the private dinner. (privilege) 3. He has been ________________ since birth. Despite his ________________ , he has achieved great success. (disabled) 4. I haven't seen her ________________ . She arrived ________________ for the meeting as usual. (lately) 5. The foundation will ________________ funding for the research project. The ________________ must use the money as specified. (grant) 6. After a long ________________ with my lawyer, I made a decision. Please ________________ an expert before making any choices. (consultation) 7. The ________________ of the economy is essential for long-term growth. The building has a ________________ foundation. (stability) 8. This is a purely ________________ scenario. The scientist proposed a new ________________ to explain the phenomenon. (hypothetical) 【答案】 1. dust, dusts, dusty 2. privilege, privileged 3. disabled, disability 4. lately, late 5. grant, grantee 6. consultation, consult 7. stability, stable 8. hypothetical, hypothesis Unit 5 1．categorise vt. 把……分类(加以归类)→category n. 类别，种类 2．participant n.参与者；参加者→participate vi. 参与，参加；　vt.分享；分担→participation n.参加，参与 3．accountant n. 会计；会计师→account n. 账户；解释；账目，账单；理由；描述　vi. 解释；导致；报账　vt. 认为；把……视为 4．dedicate vt. 把……奉献给→dedication n. 献身；奉献 5．supervise vt.& vi. 主管；指导；监督→supervision n. 监督，管理→supervisor n. 监督人，指导者 6．wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料→woollen adj. 羊毛的；毛料的 7．proficiency n. 熟练；娴熟；精通→proficient adj. 熟练的；精通的 8．employer n. 雇主；老板→employ v. 雇用 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. We need to ________________ these items by color. Each item falls into a specific ________________ . (categorise) 2. Each ________________ must sign the registration form. Everyone is encouraged to actively ________________ in the discussion. Active ________________ is essential for success. (participant) 3. The ________________ reviewed the company's financial records. Please ________________ for all expenses incurred during the trip. (accountant) 4. She has ________________ her entire life to helping others. Her ________________ and hard work have inspired many people. (dedicate) 5. The manager will ________________ the new employee's work. Close ________________ is required during the training period. Her ________________ will evaluate her performance. (supervise) 6. This scarf is made of pure ________________ . She bought a ________________ blanket to keep warm. (wool) 7. His ________________ in multiple languages is impressive. He is ________________ in French, Spanish, and English. (proficiency) 8. The ________________ provides health insurance for all workers. They decided to ________________ more staff during the busy season. (employer) 【答案】 1. categorise, category 2. participant, participate, participation 3. accountant, account 4. dedicated, dedication 5. supervise, supervision, supervisor 6. wool, woollen 7. proficiency, proficient 8. employer, employ 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 2．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 3．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 4．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 5．salary n. 薪水；薪金 6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的 7．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 8．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 9．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布 10．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管 11．rumour n. 谣言；传闻 12．presume vt.& vi. 假设；假定 13．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价 14．weekly adj. 每周的　n. 周刊 15．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测 16．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外星人　adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的 17．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 18．labour n.劳动(者)；劳动　vi.奋斗；努力工作 19．inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 20．backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回 21．grip vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧 22．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 23．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来 24．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏　vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏 25．division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法) 26．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐 27．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的 28．maximum adj. 最大极限的　n. 最大量；最大限度 29．explode vi.& vt. 爆炸；爆破 30．flip vt.& vi. (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛 Unit 2 1．joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节　adj. 联合的；共同的 2．premier adj. 最著名的；首要的　n. 总理；首相 3．vibrate vt.& vi. (使)振动 4．straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的 5．minister n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 6．entitle vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利 7．dive vi.& n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 8．sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办　n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 9．liberty n. 自由 10．sample n. 样本；样品 11．distribution n. 分布；分配；分发 12．temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的 13．phase n. 阶段；时期 14．frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 15．hatch vi. 孵出；破壳　vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 16．capacity n. 能力；容量 17．fence n. 栅栏；围栏 18．prison n. 监狱；监禁 Unit 3 1．tale n. 故事；叙述 2．league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 3．royal adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的 4．withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回；撤离 5．channel n. 航道；海峡；频道 6．bond n.纽带；关系　vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 7．politics n. 政治；政治观点 8．coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 9．applaud vt.& vi. 鼓掌　vt. 称赞；赞赏 10．tax vt. 对……征税；使纳税　n. 税；税款 11．manned adj. 有人控制的；需人操纵的 12．meanwhile adv. 与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下 13．murder vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏　n. 谋杀；凶杀 14．mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 15．possession n. 个人财产；拥有；控制 16．log vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录　n. 正式记录；日志；原木 17．arrest n.逮捕；拘留　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止 Unit 4 1．parcel n. 包裹　vt. 裹好；打包 2．mail n. 邮件；信件；邮政　vt. 邮寄；发电邮给 3．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 4．weed n. 杂草；野草　vt.& vi. 除杂草 5．chorus n. 合唱曲；合唱团　vt. 合唱；齐声说 6．uniform n. 校服；制服　adj. 一致的；统一的 7．rigid adj. 死板的；固执的 8．chemist n. 化学家；药剂师；药房 9．shade vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗　n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 10．wrinkle vt.& vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起　n. 皱纹 11．forehead n. 额；前额 12．platform n. 平台；站台；舞台 13．ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 14．drag vt. 拖；拽　vt.& vi. 缓慢而费力地移动 15．plug vt. 封堵；补足　n. 堵塞物；插头；插座 16．resign vi.& vt. 辞职；辞去 17．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受 18．input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入　vt. 输入 19．tune n. 曲调；曲子　vt. 调音；调节；调频道 20．contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)　n. 合同；契约 21．relay vt. 转发；转播　n. 接力赛；接班的人 22．criterion n. 标准；准则；原则 23．pray vi.& vt. 企盼；祈祷 Unit 5 1．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起；上下晃动　n.弹性；弹跳；活力 2．lawyer n. 律师 3．drawer n. 抽屉 4．debt n. 债务；欠款 5．profile n. 简介；概述；　vt. 扼要介绍；概述； 6．detective n. 侦探；警探 7．estate n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 8．spy n.密探；间谍　vi.间谍活动　vt.突然发现 9．justice n. 公平；公正；合理 10．accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 11．greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 12．socialist adj. 社会主义的　n. 社会主义者 13．communist adj. 共产主义的　n. 共产主义者 14．parking n. 停车位；停车 15．fry n. 油煎的食物　vt.& vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 16．sew vi.& vt. 缝制；缝；做针线活 17．priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 18．cage n. 笼子　vt. 关在笼子里 19．finance n. 资金；财政；金融　vt. 提供资金 20．receipt n. 收据；接收 21．certificate n. 合格证书；证明 22．desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 23．acquire vt. 获得；购得 考点二 选择性必修4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利 2．nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子　vt. 钉牢；固定 3．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯 4．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长 5．gramme n. 克(重量单位) 6．flour n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉 7．venue n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等) 8．leather n. 皮革；[pl.]__皮衣；皮外套 9．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆 10．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 11．niece n. 侄女；外甥女 12．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾 13．lamp n. 灯；台灯 14．puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息 15．jolt n.震动；摇晃；　vt.& vi. (使)震动；摇晃 16．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张 Unit 2 1．iconic adj. 符号的；图标的 2．didgeridoo n. 迪吉里杜管 3．equator n. 赤道 4．barbecue n. 户外烧烤；烤架 5．bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 6．butcher n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 7．herb n. 药草；香草；草本 8．horn n. (乐器)号 9．pitch n. 音高 10．slogan n. 标语；口号 11．frog n. 蛙；青蛙 12．arrow n. 箭；箭头 13．getaway n. 适合度假的地方 14．kayaking n. 划皮艇 15．domain n. 领域；领土；范围 16．golf n. 高尔夫球运动 17．strait n. 海峡 18．monument n. 纪念碑(或馆、像等)；历史遗迹 19．kiwi n. 几维(新西兰鸟) 20．geyser n. 间歇泉 21．pouch n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 22．trunk n. 树干 23．session n. 一场；一段时间；会议 24．nest n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 25．mammal n. 哺乳动物 Unit 3 1．merchant n. 商人；批发商　adj. 海上货运的 2．fleet n. 舰队；机群；车队 3．spice n. (调味)香料 4．maritime adj. 海的；海运的；海事的 5．tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛 6．laptop n. 笔记本电脑；便携式电脑 7．submersible n. 潜水器；可潜船 8．underwater adv. 在水下　adj. 水下的 9．capsule n. 胶囊；太空舱 10．coral n. 珊瑚 11．directory n. 名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录 12．gallon n. 加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升) 13．marine adj. 海的；海产的；海生的 Unit 4 1．jam n. 果酱；堵塞 2．clay n. 黏土；陶土 3．cotton n. 棉布；棉花 4．tablet n. 平板电脑；便笺本；药片 5．rubber n. 橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶 6．washroom n. 洗手间；厕所 7．bubble vi. 起泡；沸腾 8．tube n. 管子；管状物 9．circus n. 马戏团 10．hut n. 简陋的小房子(或棚、舍) 11．housing n. 住房；住宅 12．fireplace n. 壁炉 13．saucer n. 茶碟；杯托 14．kettle n. (烧水用的)壶；水壶 15．pan n. 平底锅；烤盘 16．jar n. 罐子；坛子 17．grill n. 烤架；烤肉餐馆 18．doorway n. 门口；出入口；门道 19．leftover adj. 吃剩的；残留的　n. 吃剩的食物；遗留物 20．handshake n. 握手 21．cardiac adj. 心脏病的；心脏的 22．circuit n. 巡回；环形线路 Unit 5 1．aptitude n. 天资；天赋 2．scenario n. 设想；方案；预测 3．assemble vt. 组装；装配　v.收集；聚集；集合 4．breast n. 乳房；胸部 5．hydrogen n. 氢；氢气 6．radium n. 镭 7．wrist n. 手腕；腕关节 8．bridegroom n. 新郎 9．geometry n. 几何学；几何图形 10．code n.代码；密码　vt. 编码；把……译成密码 11．orient vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 12．graphic n.图表/形；图画　adj.绘画的；图案的 13．entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家 14．receptionist n. 接待员 15．CV n. 履历；简历 16．fox n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 17．council n. 委员会；市政服务机构 18．canal n. 运河；灌溉渠 19．handwriting n. 书法；书写；笔迹 20．disk n. 磁盘；盘 21．camel n. 骆驼 22．purse n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 23．knit vt.& vi. 编织；(使)紧密结合　n. 编织的衣服；针织衫 24．intermediate adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 25．collar n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．test out 检验；测试 2．more like 更像是；更接近 3．push ... away 推开…… 4．on a ... basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) 5．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 6．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 7．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 8．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 9．draw a breath 吸一口气 10．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 11．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 12．rise up 上升；起义；叛变 13．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事 14．flip on 轻弹；翻转 Unit 2 1．be referred to as 被称为…… 2．major in 主修 3．be native to 出生于；原产于 4．either ... or ... 或者……或者…… 5．agree with 赞同，与……一致 6．be reflected in 在……中反映出来 7．make efforts to do sth 努力做某事 8．a minority of 少数 9．be entitled to (do) ...资格/有权(做)…… 10．a flock of 一群(羊或鸟) 11．Hang onto 紧紧抓住 12．At night 在晚上 13．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 14．Be used for 被用于 Unit 3 1．inspire sb to do sth 鼓舞某人做某事 2．set sail 起航；开航 3．awareness of 意识到 4．in a league of one's own 独领风骚 5．under the command of 在……指挥下 6．in return for 作为对……的回报 7．withdraw from 退出；撤回 8．for the benefit of 为了……的利益 9．in hand 在手头；可供使用 10．nothing except 仅仅，只是 11．talk of 谈起，讨论 12．mean doing sth 意味着做某事 13．in ancient times 在古代 Unit 4 1．be dying to do 渴望做某事 2．be made of 由……制成 3．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声 4．not to mention 更不用说；且不说 5．to be honest 说实话，老实说 6．in need of 需要 7．as a part of 作为……的一部分 8．be unhappy about 对……不高兴 9．take... for granted 认为……是理所当然； 10．relay to 转达给……；转发给…… 11．be worth it to... 对……来说是值得的 12．feel responsible for 对……负责 13．at the top of 在……的顶端 14．decide to do sth 决定做某事 Unit 5 1．take ...into consideration 顾及；考虑到…… 2．be appropriate for 适合于 3．bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 4．be suited to 适合…… 5．in years to come 在将来 6．sort of 有几分地；到某种程度；稍稍 7．split ... into (使……)分成，分裂成 8．in that respect 在那方面 9．set up 建立；装配 10．come to a conclusion 得出结论 11．attend to 关怀；照料；处理 12．have experience in doing sth 做某事有经验 13．take on 承担；从事 14．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷·语法填空片段) It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and ____57____ (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. 【答案】56. to be held 57.frequency 56.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们也常常在传统节日期间举行，例如春节、中秋节以及其他地方性节日。固定句型“it is + adj. + for sb./sth. to do sth.”中不定式作真正主语，且hold(举行)与其逻辑主语“them(指代Daji)”之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动式to be held。 57.考查名词。句意：大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异。提示词与名词“dates”并列作主语，应用名词形式frequency，表示“频率”，不可数名词。 【思维建模】frequent 意为“频繁的、经常发生的”，在此处是第57题的词形转换题，需要变为名词形式 frequency（频率）作主语。句中说“大集的确切日期和频率因地区而异”（The exact dates and frequency of daji vary from region to region），frequent 的词义“频繁发生”与 dates（日期）共同描述大集举办的时间特征——日期指具体的日子，frequency 指举办的频次（如每月几次、每周一次等），二者是从不同维度描述同一事件的时间规律。在语法填空中，frequent 和 frequency 的区别在于词性：frequent 是形容词（如 frequent visits 频繁的访问），frequency 是名词（如 the frequency of visits 访问的频率）。该空与 dates 并列作主语，且前面有定冠词 the 修饰，需要填名词形式。理解 frequent 与 dates、vary from region to region 之间的语义关联——不同地区举办频率不同，自然导致日期不统一，有助于确认答案 frequency。 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷·七选五片段) ● Build determination through goals. ____38____ Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. A. The key is consistency. B. Help kids develop analytical skills. C. Model the work ethic you want to see. D. Instead, encourage them to do differently next time. E. Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward. F. Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in. G. Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner. 【答案】38. G 本段小标题是“Build determination through goals.(借助目标培养意志力。)”；根据空后“Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而非完美。诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外力、设定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G选项“Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员那般强大的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。 【思维建模】urge 意为“冲动、强烈的欲望”，在此处与动词 resist（抵制、克制）搭配，构成 resist the urge to...（克制住……的冲动），描述家长在孩子遇到挫折时应有的自我约束——不要立刻出手帮忙解决问题（help fix things the moment they experience a setback）。urge 带有强烈的情感色彩，暗示家长的帮助冲动是自然的、本能的，但文中指出“诀窍是让他们适当挣扎”（let them struggle a bit），因此需要刻意抵抗这种本能。在七选五解题中，理解 urge 有助于确认第38题选择 G 项的逻辑：正因为孩子并非天生都有强大的意志力（not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner），家长才需要在孩子遇到困难时克制住自己想要立即救援的 urge，让孩子在挣扎中培养 determination。urge 强调了家长的“被动克制”是培养孩子主动性的关键——如果顺从了帮助的 urge，孩子就失去了锻炼的机会。 3. (2025年新高考全国I卷·语法填空片段) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____39____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 【答案】39. guidance 考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 【思维建模】opponent 意为“对手、敌手”，在此处指围棋对弈中的另一方。文中提到“你试图引导 opponent 进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的引导直到输掉”（try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘guidance’ till they lose），opponent 的存在凸显了围棋作为竞技博弈的本质——每一步决策都针对对手的反应而设计，而非孤立的自娱自乐。在语法填空中，理解 opponent 有助于把握该句的逻辑关系：正因为存在 opponent，才需要 strategy（策略）和 guidance（引导）来实现战术意图。opponent 与后文的 lose（输）形成因果关系——引导对手犯错正是为了使其失败。该词也暗示了围棋文化的对抗性与艺术性的双重特征：既是智力较量，也是美学表达。 4.(2025年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___33___ that share our small space. I take ___34___ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___35___ something that couldn’t come with us. 33. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings 34. A. joy B. part C. care D. time 35. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing 【答案】 33. D 34. A 35. B 33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我坐在我的公寓里，爱着我们小空间里的每一件所有物。A. giveaways 赠品；B. posts 帖子；C. contributions 贡献；D. belongings 所有物。结合语境，再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today”以及下文“share our small space”可推知，此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。 34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. joy 快乐；B. part 部分；C. care 关心；D. time 时间。结合语境，再根据上文“loving each of the 13 that share our small space.”以及下文“in knowing that, somewhere nearby”可推知，此处指作者免费赠送旧物，也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道就在附近的某个地方，有人正在欣赏着这件无法随我们一起走的东西，我感到很快乐。A. anticipating 期待；B. appreciating 欣赏；C. delivering 递送；D. withdrawing 撤回。根据上文“I take 13 in knowing that, somewhere nearby”以及下文“something that couldn’t come with us”可推知，此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的，赠予的物品。故选B。 5.(2024年新高考全国II卷·七选五片段) Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 【答案】 20. G 前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 【思维建模】privilege 意为“荣幸、特权”，在此处指 visiting a place that others call home（造访他人称之为家的地方）是一种值得珍惜的特殊待遇，而非理所当然的权利。作者用 privilege 一词奠定全文的尊重基调——游客不是“消费”目的地，而是“被允许”进入他人的生活空间。在七选五解题中，privilege 与后文的 Do your part to preserve（尽你的本分去保护）形成语义呼应：正因为是 privilege，才需要承担责任；正因为是一种被赋予的荣幸，才应该回馈（give back）而非索取。理解 privilege 的情感重量，有助于确认第20题选择 G 项（Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting）——privilege 暗含“受惠者”的身份，而 give back 正是受惠者应有的姿态。 6.(2024年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. D 41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我十几岁的时候，一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。A. knew知道；B. held抓住；C. won赢得；D. quit退出。根据后文“Feeling motivated”可知，作者有了动力，所以此处应是一个邻居朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C项。 42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了动力，我开始定期跑步，但后来发生了两件事。A. regularly有规律地；B. silently默默地；C. proudly自豪地；D. recently最近。根据前文“Feeling motivated” 可知，作者有了动力，所以应是定期跑步，符合语境。故选A项。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，有一天我遇到的一个女孩告诉我，她正在为“超级”马拉松训练，指的是52.4英里的双马拉松。A. asking要求；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. training训练。根据后文“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，女孩要跑双马拉松，所以此处应是为之训练，符合语境。故选D项。 44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：说实话，我讨厌它!A. made制作；B. believed相信；C. hated讨厌；D. deserved值得。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles和女孩一比微不足道，所以是讨厌这个成绩。故选C项。 45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我! A. advantage优势；B. achievement成就；C. contribution贡献；D. influence影响。根据前文“Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles.”以及后文“seem small”可知，作者最长跑了15 miles，而女孩在为52.4 miles做训练，所以应是作者的成就微不足道。故选B项。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个女孩面前，我的成就显得微不足道，再加上慢跑的无聊，我决定我再跑步的唯一理由就是有一只大狗在追我!A. way方式；B. risk风险；C. place地方；D. reason理由。根据后文“I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，有一只大狗在追“我”，“我”才会再跑步，这里说的是跑步的原因。故选D项。 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. I need to cancel my________________ with the dentist because of an emergency. (appoint) 【答案】appointment 【详解】句意：因为一个紧急情况，我需要取消和牙医的预约。空前my为形容词性物主代词，需要名词作宾语。appointment意为“预约；约会”，来自appoint的名词形式。 2. The old photo was so ________________ that I could hardly recognize who was in it. (blur) 【答案】 blurred 【详解】 句意：这张旧照片太模糊了，我几乎认不出里面是谁。空格前是 was so，后面需要填形容词作表语。blur 的形容词形式为 blurred，意为“模糊不清的”，符合句意。 3. She looked ________________ when the teacher asked who had broken the window. (guilt) 【答案】guilty 【详解】句意：当老师问谁打破了窗户时，她看上去很内疚。空前looked为系动词，需要形容词作表语。guilty意为“内疚的；有罪的”，来自guilt的形容词形式。 4. His ________________ to helping the poor earned him great respect from the community. (dedicate) 【答案】 dedication 【详解】 句意：他致力于帮助穷人，这为他赢得了社区的极大尊重。 空格前面是形容词性物主代词 His，后面是 to helping...，中间需要填名词作主语。dedicate 的名词形式为 dedication，常见搭配 dedication to (doing) sth.，意为“对……的奉献”，符合句意。 5. The government's ________________ led to further problems. (inactive) 【答案】inaction 【详解】句意：政府的不作为导致了进一步的问题。空处需要名词作主语。inaction意为“无行动；不采取措施”。 6. The unexpected victory of the underdog team ________________ all the sports fans. (stun) 【答案】stunned 【详解】句意：弱队的意外胜利震惊了所有体育迷。空处缺少谓语动词，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。stun意为“使震惊”，过去式为stunned。 7. The road was ________________ after the heavy rain. (mud) 【答案】muddy 【详解】句意：大雨过后道路泥泞。空前was为系动词，需要形容词作表语。mud的形容词形式是muddy，意为“泥泞的”。 8. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. (foundation) 【答案】foundation 【详解】句意：这所大学创建于1885年。空处需要名词作主语。foundation意为“创建；基础”。 9. He has very strong ________________ views. (politic) 【答案】political 【详解】句意：他有非常强烈的政治观点。空后views为名词，需要形容词作定语。political意为“政治的”。 10. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. (locate) 【答案】located 【详解】句意：这家酒店位于市中心。be located in为固定短语，意为“位于”。located为形容词。 11. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. (free) 【答案】freedom 【详解】句意：人们在民主社会享有言论自由。空前the为冠词，需要名词作宾语。freedom意为“自由”。 12. The movie contains scenes of ________________. (violent) 【答案】violence 【详解】句意：这部电影包含暴力场面。空前of为介词，需要名词作宾语。violence意为“暴力”。 13. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (biology) 【答案】biological 【详解】句意：她正在实验室进行生物学研究。空后research为名词，需要形容词作定语。biology的形容词形式是biological，意为“生物学的”。 14. The company plans to build an ________________ to the existing building. (extend) 【答案】extension 【详解】句意：公司计划在现有建筑的基础上建一个扩建部分。空前an为冠词，需要名词作宾语。extend的名词形式是extension，意为“扩建部分；延伸”。 15. The ________________ between the two sides lasted for three months. (negotiate) 【答案】negotiation 【详解】句意：双方之间的谈判持续了三个月。空处需要名词作主语。negotiate的名词形式是negotiation，意为“谈判”。 （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He was d______________ from his job due to poor performance. 【答案】dismissed 【详解】句意：他因表现不佳被解雇了。首字母d提示，dismiss意为“解雇”，描述过去动作，用过去式dismissed，来自Unit 1核心单词。 2. The scientist c______________ the exact distance to the moon. 【答案】calculated 【详解】句意：科学家计算出了到月球的精确距离。首字母c提示，calculate意为“计算”，描述过去动作，用过去式calculated，来自Unit 1核心单词。 3. The balloon e______________ with a loud bang. 【答案】exploded 【详解】句意：气球砰的一声爆炸了。首字母e提示，explode意为“爆炸”，描述过去动作，用过去式exploded，来自Unit 1核心单词。 4. The government decided to s______________ the project due to lack of funds. 【答案】suspend 【详解】句意：由于缺乏资金，政府决定暂停该项目。首字母s提示，suspend意为“暂停”，decided to后接动词原形，来自Unit 1核心单词。 5. The birds m______________ south for the winter. 【答案】migrate 【详解】句意：鸟儿向南迁徙过冬。首字母m提示，migrate意为“迁徙”，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数，来自Unit 3核心单词。 6. The company will s______________ five new employees next month. 【答案】supervise 【详解】句意：公司下个月将监督五名新员工。首字母s提示，supervise意为“监督”，will后接动词原形，来自Unit 5核心单词。 7. She d______________ her entire life to helping the poor. 【答案】dedicated 【详解】句意：她毕生致力于帮助穷人。首字母d提示，dedicate意为“奉献”，描述过去动作，用过去式dedicated，来自Unit 5核心单词。 8.The driver was not l______________ to operate heavy machinery without proper training. 【答案】licensed 【详解】句意：该司机未经适当培训，未获得操作重型机械的许可。首字母l提示，licensed意为“得到正式许可的”，作表语，与to do连用表示“被许可做某事”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 9. The two parties entered into n______________ to resolve the dispute. 【答案】negotiations 【详解】句意：双方开始谈判以解决争端。首字母n提示，negotiation意为“谈判”，此处用复数形式，来自Unit 3核心单词。 10. The professor granted me a p______________ to use the library after hours. 【答案】privilege 【详解】句意：教授特许我在闭馆后使用图书馆。首字母p提示，privilege意为“特权；优惠待遇”，来自Unit 4核心单词。 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. His ______________（荒谬的）excuse made everyone laugh. 【答案】absurd 【详解】句意：他荒谬的借口让所有人都笑了。absurd意为“荒谬的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 12. The two proposals are different, ______________（然而）both have merit. 【答案】whereas 【详解】句意：这两个方案不同，然而都有优点。whereas意为“然而”，表示对比，来自Unit 1核心单词。 13. She has a ______________（暂时的）job while looking for a permanent position. 【答案】temporary 【详解】句意：她在寻找固定职位的同时做着一份临时工作。temporary意为“暂时的”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 14. The ______________（频率）of earthquakes in this region has increased. 【答案】frequency 【详解】句意：这个地区地震的频率增加了。frequency意为“频率”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 15. The king showed no ______________（仁慈）to his enemies. 【答案】mercy 【详解】句意：国王对敌人毫不仁慈。mercy意为“仁慈”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 16. He was arrested by the police and taken to ______________（监狱）. 【答案】prison 【详解】句意：他被警察逮捕并送进了监狱。prison意为“监狱”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 17. The ______________（标准）for admission to the program is very high. 【答案】criterion 【详解】句意：这个项目的录取标准很高。criterion意为“标准”，来自Unit 4核心单词。 18. He decided to ______________（辞职）from his position as manager. 【答案】resign 【详解】句意：他决定辞去经理职务。resign意为“辞职”，decided to后接动词原形，来自Unit 4核心单词。 19. The ______________（债务）he accumulated took years to pay off. 【答案】debt 【详解】句意：他积累的债务花了很多年才还清。debt意为“债务”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 20. She was ______________（控告）of stealing from her employer. 【答案】accused 【详解】句意：她被指控偷窃雇主的东西。be accused of意为“被指控”，accuse的过去分词形式，来自Unit 5核心单词。 （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 说实话，这位女售货员的诚实正直赢得了顾客的信任和尊重。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To be honest, the saleswoman's integrity won the trust and respect of her customers. 【详解】“说实话”用to be honest，来自Unit 4核心短语；“女售货员”用saleswoman，来自Unit 1核心单词；“诚实正直”用integrity，来自Unit 1核心单词。 2. 与传统的教学方法相比，互动式学习更能激发学生的参与热情。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Compared with traditional teaching methods, interactive learning is more likely to stimulate students' enthusiasm for participation. 【详解】“与……相比”用compared with；“传统的”用traditional；“教学方法”用teaching methods；“激发”用stimulate；“参与热情”用enthusiasm for participation。 3. 这位科学家毕生致力于寻找治愈这种疾病的方法，最终取得了突破性进展。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This scientist dedicated his entire life to finding a cure for this disease and finally made a breakthrough. 【详解】“致力于”用dedicated...to，dedicate来自Unit 5核心单词；“毕生”用entire life；“治愈方法”用a cure for；“突破性进展”用made a breakthrough。 4. 考虑到他最近的表现，老板决定给予他升职的机会，而不是将他解雇。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Taking his recent performance into consideration, the boss decided to give him a chance for promotion rather than dismiss him. 【详解】“考虑到”用taking...into consideration，来自Unit 5核心短语；“解雇”用dismiss，来自Unit 1核心单词；“升职”用promotion。 5. 尽管面临许多反对，她还是坚持自己的信念，最终赢得了大家的尊重。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite much opposition, she stuck to her beliefs and finally won everyone's respect. 【详解】“尽管”用despite；“反对”用opposition，opponent的同根词；“坚持”用stuck to；“信念”用beliefs。 6. 这位记者冒着生命危险深入灾区，为公众带来了第一手的真实报道。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The journalist risked his life to go deep into the disaster area and brought first-hand authentic reports to the public. 【详解】“记者”用journalist；“冒着生命危险”用risked his life；“灾区”用disaster area；“第一手的”用first-hand；“真实的报道”用authentic reports。 7. 有些人认为高薪是选择职业时最重要的因素，然而另一些人则更看重工作带来的成就感。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some people think that a high salary is the most important factor when choosing a career, whereas others value the sense of achievement that work brings more. 【详解】“高薪”用high salary，salary来自Unit 1核心单词；“然而”用whereas，来自Unit 1核心单词；“成就感”用sense of achievement。 8. 为了避免谣言传播，公司立即发表声明，澄清了事实真相。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To prevent the spread of rumours, the company immediately issued a statement to clarify the facts. 【详解】“谣言”用rumours，来自Unit 1核心单词；“发表声明”用issued a statement；“澄清”用clarify；“事实真相”用the facts。 9. 这位导师在指导学生完成研究项目时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们独立思考。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This supervisor is very patient when guiding students through their research projects and always encourages them to think independently. 【详解】“导师”用supervisor，来自Unit 5核心单词；“指导”用guiding；“研究项目”用research projects；“独立思考”用think independently。 10. 我们应该公平对待每一个人，而不是根据他们的背景或地位做出判断。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should treat everyone fairly rather than making judgments based on their background or status. 【详解】“公平地”用fairly；“对待”用treat；“根据”用based on；“背景”用background；“地位”用status。 11. 在这个偏远的小镇上，人们过着简单而宁静的生活，远离城市的喧嚣和压力。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In this remote small town, people live a simple and peaceful life, far away from the noise and pressure of the city. 【详解】“偏远的”用remote；“小镇”用small town；“喧嚣”用noise；“压力”用pressure。 12. 正是他的勤奋和奉献精神使他在同龄人中脱颖而出，得到了老板的赏识。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was his diligence and dedication that made him stand out among his peers and win his boss's appreciation. 【详解】强调句型it was...that；“勤奋”用diligence；“奉献精神”用dedication，来自Unit 5核心单词；“脱颖而出”用stand out；“同龄人”用peers。 13. 为了缓解交通拥堵，政府正在考虑实施一项新的公共交通政策。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To ease traffic congestion, the government is considering implementing a new public transportation policy. 【详解】“缓解”用to ease；“交通拥堵”用traffic congestion；“实施”用implementing；“公共交通政策”用public transportation policy。 14. 经过仔细考虑，她决定接受这份工作，尽管薪水比她预期的要低。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】After careful consideration, she decided to accept the job, even though the salary was lower than she had expected. 【详解】“经过仔细考虑”用after careful consideration；“决定”用decided to；“接受工作”用accept the job；“薪水”用salary，来自Unit 1核心单词。 15. 这位勇敢的年轻人冒着生命危险救出被困在火中的孩子，他的英雄行为赢得了所有人的赞扬。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The brave young man risked his life to rescue the child trapped in the fire, and everyone applauded his heroic actions. 【详解】“冒着生命危险”用risk one's life；“营救”用rescue；“被困的”用trapped；“赞扬”用applaud，意为“鼓掌称赞；赞许”，来自Unit 3核心单词，常用于表达对某人行为或成就的认可。 $第07讲 选择性必修第四册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································10 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································13 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································13 知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································15 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································16 2. 命题演练·····························································18 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 appointment, declare, division, fare, fetch, fiction, guilty, inch, labour, maximum, pace, random, ridiculous, salary, suspend, urge, weekly handkerchief, niece, panel, venue 21 Unit 2 capacity, dive, fence, foundation, frequency, joint, political, sample, temporary bakery, butcher, monument 13 Unit 3 arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend, fetch, log, meanwhile, negotiate, opponent, tale, underwater, withdraw conference, directory, hand, laptop, man, mixture , press, set 24 Unit 4 clay, contract, deserve, dust, grant, hut, input, jam, kettle, pan, plug, privilege, shade, tablet, weed handshake, uniform 17 Unit 5 accuse, acquire, collar, finance, knit, lawyer, participant, priority, proficiency, receipt code,fox, graphic, hydrogen, knit, receptionist 17 总计 约67 约25 约92 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 科幻与人工智能（appointment, bonus, declare, guilty, suspend, urge, weekly, superior, alien） 标志性景点与旅游（bakery, barbecue, biology, capacity, foundation, monument, peak, political, session, temporary, violent） 海洋探索与航海（arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend, negotiate, opponent, politics, profession, tale, underwater, withdraw） 志愿服务与共享（clay, contract, deserve, grant, handshake, hut, input, privilege, tablet, weed） 职业规划与求职（acquire, accuse, aptitude, assemble, employer, finance, graphic, participant, priority, proficiency, receipt, resume, supervise） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire, accuse, assemble, bounce, supervise 名词：appointment, bonus, division, fare, labour, maximum, pace, random, bond, channel, coverage, league, opponent, profession, tale, contract, drawer, dust, handshake, input, privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, receipt, sample 形容词：guilty, weekly, hollow, political, temporary, violent, marine, underwater, guilty, greedy, intermediate 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire, accuse, assemble, bounce, supervise, urge, deserve 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、心理状态和决策过程 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 bonus, division, labour, maximum, random, bond, channel, coverage, league, opponent, profession, contract, privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, sample 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 declare, suspend, urge, guilty, bonus, maximum, random Unit 2 capacity, foundation, frequency, temporary, violent, peak Unit 3 extend, negotiate, withdraw, bond, channel, coverage, opponent Unit 4 deserve, grant, privilege, contract, input, weed Unit 5 acquire, accuse, assemble, finance, priority, proficiency, supervise 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 pace（速度/步伐）, division（分开/除法/部门）, urge（催促/强烈欲望） Unit 2 joint（关节/联合的/公共场所）, shade（阴凉处/遮蔽/色度） Unit 3 bond（纽带/债券）, code（代码/密码/准则）, log（日志/原木/记录） Unit 4 contract（合同/感染）, grant（授予/同意/拨款）, weed（杂草/除草） Unit 5 bounce（弹跳/活力）, sample（样品/体验）, spy（间谍/侦察） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 absurd, alien, backwards, blurred, calculate, chairwoman, dignity, dismiss, explode, flip, flour, gramme, grip, hazy, inaction, inch, integrity, jolt, ladder, lamp, leather, lever, mud, nail, overstatement, panel, presume, puff, ridiculous, rumour, salary, superior, venue Unit 2 arrow, bungee, didgeridoo, dim sim, dive, domain, entitle, equator, fence, freedom, frog, getaway, geyser, golf, grand, hatch, herb, heritage, horn, iconic, kayaking, kiwi, latitude, liberty, licensed, located, mammal, manuka, minister, nest, opposition, phase, pitch, pouch, premier, prison, sponsorship, straightforward, strait, trunk, vibrate Unit 3 applaud, behold, coral, directory, exploit, fleet, gallon, manned, maritime, merchant, mercy, migration, mixture, murder, parcel, possession, press conference, royal, set sail, spice, submersible, tax, tournament Unit 4 a chorus of, bubble, cardiac, capsule, chemist, circuit, circus, consultation, cotton, criterion, disability, disabled, doorway, drag, dusty, fireplace, forehead, housing, jar, jaw, lately, leftover, mail, not to mention, parcel, platform, pray, relay, resign, rigid, ripe, rubber, saucer, secondary, stability, tube, tune, uniform, washroom, wrinkle Unit 5 accountant, attend to, bridegroom, breast, cage, camel, categorise, certificate, communist, council, detective, disk, entrepreneur, estate, flea, fox, fry, handwriting, justice, occupation, orient, parking, profile, purse, radium, scenario, socialist, wool 考点一 选择性必修4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1.A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive (认知的) effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读D篇)剑桥大学的一个心理学家团队进行了一项实验，比较了仅仅观看艺术品与主动评判其美感所产生的认知效应。 2. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. (2026年新高考全国II卷阅读D篇) “我很惊喜，因为我一直在找地方插电，”埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一个工人阶层区域赶地铁前说道。 3. It lays a solid foundation for efficient study. Although socializing enriches our campus life and develops our teamwork skills, it is only a complementary part rather than a main task. (2026年新高考全国I卷应用文写作)它为高效学习奠定了坚实的基础。虽然社交活动丰富了我们的校园生活，培养了我们的团队协作能力，但它只是一个补充部分，而不是主要任务。 4. Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇) 艺术作品陈述：请提供一份简要陈述（不超过150词），概述您的艺术作品构思。 5. The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇)伯灵顿市公共艺术项目将携手安大略文化日，在比奇韦（Beachway）推出一系列临时公共艺术标识。 6.“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. (2024年全国甲卷阅读C篇)“人们一大早就开始排队预约，”德国摄影师埃米尔·杜克说道。他于11月随圣卢卡斯医院的医务人员一起，穿越了克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和哈卡斯广袤的地区，进行了为期两周的行程。 Unit 1 1．appointment n. 预约；约会；委任→appoint vt. 任命；指定；约定　vi. 任命；委派 2．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员→salesman n. 售货员；推销员 3．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n. 内疚；罪行；罪责 4．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur n. 模糊的记忆　v. (使)变得模糊不清 5．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施→inactive adj. 不活跃的；不活动的；怠惰的；闲置的 6．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj. 极好的，极吸引人的；令人震惊的 7．mud n. 泥；泥浆→muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. She has a doctor‘s ________________ this afternoon. The company decided to ________________ him as the new manager. (appointment) 2. The ________________ helped me find the perfect dress. The ________________ in the men‘s department was very friendly. (saleswoman) 3. He felt ________________ about forgetting her birthday. His ________________ weighed heavily on his conscience. (guilty) 4. The writing on the old letter was ________________ . The memory of that day was a ________________ in his mind. (blurred) 5. The government‘s ________________ led to further problems. The volcano has been ________________ for many years. (inaction) 6. The news of his sudden death ________________ everyone. She looked ________________ in her evening gown. (stun) 7. Heavy rain turned the path into ________________ . The road was ________________ after the storm. (mud) Unit 2 1．foundation n. 创建；基础；地基→found v. 创办，成立；建造，兴建 2．political adj. 政治的→politics n. 政治，政治活动(事务) 3．located adj. 位于→location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地 4．freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj. 免费的；自由的　v. 释放；使解脱出来 5．license vt. 批准；许可　n. 许可证；执照→licensed adj. 得到正式许可的 6．violence n. 暴力；暴行→violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的 7．biology n. 生理；生物学→biological adj. 生物的，生物学的→biologist n. 生物学家 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. It was ________________ by a group of generous philanthropists. (foundation) 2. He has very strong ________________ views. He has been involved in ________________ for many years. (political) 3. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. This is a perfect ________________ for the wedding. (located) 4. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. Admission to the museum is ________________ for children under 12. (freedom) 5. The restaurant is ________________ to serve alcohol. The driver received a ________________ for his new business. (license) 6. The movie contains scenes of ________________ . The storm was ________________ and caused severe damage. (violence) 7. She is studying ________________ at university. ________________ research has led to many medical breakthroughs. She hopes to become a famous ________________ . (biology) Unit 3 1．extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→extension n. 扩展；延伸；延期 2．negotiate vt. 商定；达成(协议)　vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n. 谈判，磋商，协商；转让 3．behold vt. 看；看见→beholder n. 旁观者；观看者 4．profession n. 职业；行业→professional adj. 专业的；职业的；职业性的　n. 专业人员；职业运动员 5．mixture n. 混合；结合体；混合物→mix v. (使)混合，(使)调和 6．migration n. 迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate v. 迁移；迁徙；移居 7．exploit vt. 开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n. 开发；利用；剥削 8．opponent n. 反对者；对手；竞争者→opponency n. 反对；对立 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The company plans to ________________ its business to Asia. They are building an ________________ to the hospital. (extend) 2. The two sides agreed to ________________ a new trade deal. After lengthy ________________ , they finally reached an agreement. (negotiate) 3. Beauty is in the eye of the ________________. Open your eyes and ________________ the wonderful scenery. (behold) 4. Teaching is a noble ________________ . She is a ________________ actress who has won many awards. (profession) 5. The drink is a ________________ of fruit juices. You need to ________________ the ingredients thoroughly. (mixture) 6. The ________________ of birds takes place every spring. Many species ________________ to warmer regions during winter. (migration) 7. The company plans to ________________ the natural resources of the region. The ________________ of workers has led to widespread protests. (exploit) 8. He easily defeated his ________________ in the debate. The principle of ________________ is central to this theory. (opponent) Unit 4 1．dust n. 沙土；灰尘　vi.& vt. 擦灰→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的 2．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权→privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的 3．disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷；障碍 4．lately adv. 最近；不久前；近来→late adj. 晚期的，末期的；晚的，迟的　adv. 晚，迟 5．grant vt. 同意；准许　n. 拨款→grantee n. 受让人；被授与者 6．consultation n. 咨询；咨询会→consult v. 咨询；请教 7．stability n. 稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj. 稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的 8．hypothetical adj. 假设的；假定的→hypothesis n. 假说，假设 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The old books were covered in ________________ . She ________________ the shelves every week. The room was dark and ________________ . (dust) 2. It was a great ________________ to meet the famous author. Only ________________ guests were invited to the private dinner. (privilege) 3. He has been ________________ since birth. Despite his ________________ , he has achieved great success. (disabled) 4. I haven't seen her ________________ . She arrived ________________ for the meeting as usual. (lately) 5. The foundation will ________________ funding for the research project. The ________________ must use the money as specified. (grant) 6. After a long ________________ with my lawyer, I made a decision. Please ________________ an expert before making any choices. (consultation) 7. The ________________ of the economy is essential for long-term growth. The building has a ________________ foundation. (stability) 8. This is a purely ________________ scenario. The scientist proposed a new ________________ to explain the phenomenon. (hypothetical) Unit 5 1．categorise vt. 把……分类(加以归类)→category n. 类别，种类 2．participant n.参与者；参加者→participate vi. 参与，参加；　vt.分享；分担→participation n.参加，参与 3．accountant n. 会计；会计师→account n. 账户；解释；账目，账单；理由；描述　vi. 解释；导致；报账　vt. 认为；把……视为 4．dedicate vt. 把……奉献给→dedication n. 献身；奉献 5．supervise vt.& vi. 主管；指导；监督→supervision n. 监督，管理→supervisor n. 监督人，指导者 6．wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料→woollen adj. 羊毛的；毛料的 7．proficiency n. 熟练；娴熟；精通→proficient adj. 熟练的；精通的 8．employer n. 雇主；老板→employ v. 雇用 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. We need to ________________ these items by color. Each item falls into a specific ________________ . (categorise) 2. Each ________________ must sign the registration form. Everyone is encouraged to actively ________________ in the discussion. Active ________________ is essential for success. (participant) 3. The ________________ reviewed the company's financial records. Please ________________ for all expenses incurred during the trip. (accountant) 4. She has ________________ her entire life to helping others. Her ________________ and hard work have inspired many people. (dedicate) 5. The manager will ________________ the new employee's work. Close ________________ is required during the training period. Her ________________ will evaluate her performance. (supervise) 6. This scarf is made of pure ________________ . She bought a ________________ blanket to keep warm. (wool) 7. His ________________ in multiple languages is impressive. He is ________________ in French, Spanish, and English. (proficiency) 8. The ________________ provides health insurance for all workers. They decided to ________________ more staff during the busy season. (employer) 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 2．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 3．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 4．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 5．salary n. 薪水；薪金 6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的 7．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 8．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 9．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布 10．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管 11．rumour n. 谣言；传闻 12．presume vt.& vi. 假设；假定 13．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价 14．weekly adj. 每周的　n. 周刊 15．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测 16．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外星人　adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的 17．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 18．labour n.劳动(者)；劳动　vi.奋斗；努力工作 19．inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 20．backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回 21．grip vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧 22．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 23．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来 24．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏　vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏 25．division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法) 26．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动　vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐 27．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的 28．maximum adj. 最大极限的　n. 最大量；最大限度 29．explode vi.& vt. 爆炸；爆破 30．flip vt.& vi. (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛 Unit 2 1．joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节　adj. 联合的；共同的 2．premier adj. 最著名的；首要的　n. 总理；首相 3．vibrate vt.& vi. (使)振动 4．straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的 5．minister n. 部长；大臣；外交使节 6．entitle vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利 7．dive vi.& n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲 8．sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办　n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者 9．liberty n. 自由 10．sample n. 样本；样品 11．distribution n. 分布；分配；分发 12．temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的 13．phase n. 阶段；时期 14．frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 15．hatch vi. 孵出；破壳　vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋 16．capacity n. 能力；容量 17．fence n. 栅栏；围栏 18．prison n. 监狱；监禁 Unit 3 1．tale n. 故事；叙述 2．league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛 3．royal adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的 4．withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回；撤离 5．channel n. 航道；海峡；频道 6．bond n.纽带；关系　vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 7．politics n. 政治；政治观点 8．coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围 9．applaud vt.& vi. 鼓掌　vt. 称赞；赞赏 10．tax vt. 对……征税；使纳税　n. 税；税款 11．manned adj. 有人控制的；需人操纵的 12．meanwhile adv. 与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下 13．murder vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏　n. 谋杀；凶杀 14．mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 15．possession n. 个人财产；拥有；控制 16．log vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录　n. 正式记录；日志；原木 17．arrest n.逮捕；拘留　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止 Unit 4 1．parcel n. 包裹　vt. 裹好；打包 2．mail n. 邮件；信件；邮政　vt. 邮寄；发电邮给 3．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的 4．weed n. 杂草；野草　vt.& vi. 除杂草 5．chorus n. 合唱曲；合唱团　vt. 合唱；齐声说 6．uniform n. 校服；制服　adj. 一致的；统一的 7．rigid adj. 死板的；固执的 8．chemist n. 化学家；药剂师；药房 9．shade vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗　n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 10．wrinkle vt.& vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起　n. 皱纹 11．forehead n. 额；前额 12．platform n. 平台；站台；舞台 13．ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的 14．drag vt. 拖；拽　vt.& vi. 缓慢而费力地移动 15．plug vt. 封堵；补足　n. 堵塞物；插头；插座 16．resign vi.& vt. 辞职；辞去 17．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受 18．input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入　vt. 输入 19．tune n. 曲调；曲子　vt. 调音；调节；调频道 20．contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)　n. 合同；契约 21．relay vt. 转发；转播　n. 接力赛；接班的人 22．criterion n. 标准；准则；原则 23．pray vi.& vt. 企盼；祈祷 Unit 5 1．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起；上下晃动　n.弹性；弹跳；活力 2．lawyer n. 律师 3．drawer n. 抽屉 4．debt n. 债务；欠款 5．profile n. 简介；概述；　vt. 扼要介绍；概述； 6．detective n. 侦探；警探 7．estate n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区 8．spy n.密探；间谍　vi.间谍活动　vt.突然发现 9．justice n. 公平；公正；合理 10．accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责 11．greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪心的 12．socialist adj. 社会主义的　n. 社会主义者 13．communist adj. 共产主义的　n. 共产主义者 14．parking n. 停车位；停车 15．fry n. 油煎的食物　vt.& vi. 油炸；油炒；油煎 16．sew vi.& vt. 缝制；缝；做针线活 17．priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 18．cage n. 笼子　vt. 关在笼子里 19．finance n. 资金；财政；金融　vt. 提供资金 20．receipt n. 收据；接收 21．certificate n. 合格证书；证明 22．desert n. 沙漠；荒漠 23．acquire vt. 获得；购得 考点二 选择性必修4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利 2．nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子　vt. 钉牢；固定 3．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯 4．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长 5．gramme n. 克(重量单位) 6．flour n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉 7．venue n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等) 8．leather n. 皮革；[pl.]__皮衣；皮外套 9．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆 10．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 11．niece n. 侄女；外甥女 12．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾 13．lamp n. 灯；台灯 14．puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息 15．jolt n.震动；摇晃；　vt.& vi. (使)震动；摇晃 16．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张 Unit 2 1．iconic adj. 符号的；图标的 2．didgeridoo n. 迪吉里杜管 3．equator n. 赤道 4．barbecue n. 户外烧烤；烤架 5．bakery n. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 6．butcher n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 7．herb n. 药草；香草；草本 8．horn n. (乐器)号 9．pitch n. 音高 10．slogan n. 标语；口号 11．frog n. 蛙；青蛙 12．arrow n. 箭；箭头 13．getaway n. 适合度假的地方 14．kayaking n. 划皮艇 15．domain n. 领域；领土；范围 16．golf n. 高尔夫球运动 17．strait n. 海峡 18．monument n. 纪念碑(或馆、像等)；历史遗迹 19．kiwi n. 几维(新西兰鸟) 20．geyser n. 间歇泉 21．pouch n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包 22．trunk n. 树干 23．session n. 一场；一段时间；会议 24．nest n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点 25．mammal n. 哺乳动物 Unit 3 1．merchant n. 商人；批发商　adj. 海上货运的 2．fleet n. 舰队；机群；车队 3．spice n. (调味)香料 4．maritime adj. 海的；海运的；海事的 5．tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛 6．laptop n. 笔记本电脑；便携式电脑 7．submersible n. 潜水器；可潜船 8．underwater adv. 在水下　adj. 水下的 9．capsule n. 胶囊；太空舱 10．coral n. 珊瑚 11．directory n. 名录；电话号码簿；(计算机文件或程序的)目录 12．gallon n. 加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升) 13．marine adj. 海的；海产的；海生的 Unit 4 1．jam n. 果酱；堵塞 2．clay n. 黏土；陶土 3．cotton n. 棉布；棉花 4．tablet n. 平板电脑；便笺本；药片 5．rubber n. 橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶 6．washroom n. 洗手间；厕所 7．bubble vi. 起泡；沸腾 8．tube n. 管子；管状物 9．circus n. 马戏团 10．hut n. 简陋的小房子(或棚、舍) 11．housing n. 住房；住宅 12．fireplace n. 壁炉 13．saucer n. 茶碟；杯托 14．kettle n. (烧水用的)壶；水壶 15．pan n. 平底锅；烤盘 16．jar n. 罐子；坛子 17．grill n. 烤架；烤肉餐馆 18．doorway n. 门口；出入口；门道 19．leftover adj. 吃剩的；残留的　n. 吃剩的食物；遗留物 20．handshake n. 握手 21．cardiac adj. 心脏病的；心脏的 22．circuit n. 巡回；环形线路 Unit 5 1．aptitude n. 天资；天赋 2．scenario n. 设想；方案；预测 3．assemble vt. 组装；装配　v.收集；聚集；集合 4．breast n. 乳房；胸部 5．hydrogen n. 氢；氢气 6．radium n. 镭 7．wrist n. 手腕；腕关节 8．bridegroom n. 新郎 9．geometry n. 几何学；几何图形 10．code n.代码；密码　vt. 编码；把……译成密码 11．orient vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向 12．graphic n.图表/形；图画　adj.绘画的；图案的 13．entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家 14．receptionist n. 接待员 15．CV n. 履历；简历 16．fox n. 狐狸；狡猾的人 17．council n. 委员会；市政服务机构 18．canal n. 运河；灌溉渠 19．handwriting n. 书法；书写；笔迹 20．disk n. 磁盘；盘 21．camel n. 骆驼 22．purse n. 钱包；皮夹子(尤指女用) 23．knit vt.& vi. 编织；(使)紧密结合　n. 编织的衣服；针织衫 24．intermediate adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的 25．collar n. (动物)颈圈；衣领 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．test out 检验；测试 2．more like 更像是；更接近 3．push ... away 推开…… 4．on a ... basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) 5．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 6．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 7．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 8．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 9．draw a breath 吸一口气 10．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 11．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 12．rise up 上升；起义；叛变 13．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事 14．flip on 轻弹；翻转 Unit 2 1．be referred to as 被称为…… 2．major in 主修 3．be native to 出生于；原产于 4．either ... or ... 或者……或者…… 5．agree with 赞同，与……一致 6．be reflected in 在……中反映出来 7．make efforts to do sth 努力做某事 8．a minority of 少数 9．be entitled to (do) ...资格/有权(做)…… 10．a flock of 一群(羊或鸟) 11．Hang onto 紧紧抓住 12．At night 在晚上 13．a handful of 少数人(或物)；一把(的量) 14．Be used for 被用于 Unit 3 1．inspire sb to do sth 鼓舞某人做某事 2．set sail 起航；开航 3．awareness of 意识到 4．in a league of one's own 独领风骚 5．under the command of 在……指挥下 6．in return for 作为对……的回报 7．withdraw from 退出；撤回 8．for the benefit of 为了……的利益 9．in hand 在手头；可供使用 10．nothing except 仅仅，只是 11．talk of 谈起，讨论 12．mean doing sth 意味着做某事 13．in ancient times 在古代 Unit 4 1．be dying to do 渴望做某事 2．be made of 由……制成 3．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声 4．not to mention 更不用说；且不说 5．to be honest 说实话，老实说 6．in need of 需要 7．as a part of 作为……的一部分 8．be unhappy about 对……不高兴 9．take... for granted 认为……是理所当然； 10．relay to 转达给……；转发给…… 11．be worth it to... 对……来说是值得的 12．feel responsible for 对……负责 13．at the top of 在……的顶端 14．decide to do sth 决定做某事 Unit 5 1．take ...into consideration 顾及；考虑到…… 2．be appropriate for 适合于 3．bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去 4．be suited to 适合…… 5．in years to come 在将来 6．sort of 有几分地；到某种程度；稍稍 7．split ... into (使……)分成，分裂成 8．in that respect 在那方面 9．set up 建立；装配 10．come to a conclusion 得出结论 11．attend to 关怀；照料；处理 12．have experience in doing sth 做某事有经验 13．take on 承担；从事 14．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷·语法填空片段) It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and ____57____ (frequent) of daji vary from region to region. 2.(2026年新高考全国I卷·七选五片段) ● Build determination through goals. ____38____ Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. A. The key is consistency. B. Help kids develop analytical skills. C. Model the work ethic you want to see. D. Instead, encourage them to do differently next time. E. Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward. F. Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in. G. Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner. 3. (2025年新高考全国I卷·语法填空片段) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘____39____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. 4.(2025年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___33___ that share our small space. I take ___34___ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___35___ something that couldn’t come with us. 33. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings 34. A. joy B. part C. care D. time 35. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing 5.(2024年新高考全国II卷·七选五片段) Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 6.(2024年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 41. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit 42. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently 43. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training 44. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved 45. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence 46. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. I need to cancel my________________ with the dentist because of an emergency. (appoint) 2. The old photo was so ________________ that I could hardly recognize who was in it. (blur) 3. She looked ________________ when the teacher asked who had broken the window. (guilt) 4. His ________________ to helping the poor earned him great respect from the community. (dedicate) 5. The government's ________________ led to further problems. (inactive) 6. The unexpected victory of the underdog team ________________ all the sports fans. (stun) 7. The road was ________________ after the heavy rain. (mud) 8. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. (foundation) 9. He has very strong ________________ views. (politic) 10. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. (locate) 11. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. (free) 12. The movie contains scenes of ________________. (violent) 13. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (biology) 14. The company plans to build an ________________ to the existing building. (extend) 15. The ________________ between the two sides lasted for three months. (negotiate) （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He was d______________ from his job due to poor performance. 2. The scientist c______________ the exact distance to the moon. 3. The balloon e______________ with a loud bang. 4. The government decided to s______________ the project due to lack of funds. 5. The birds m______________ south for the winter. 6. The company will s______________ five new employees next month. 7. She d______________ her entire life to helping the poor. 8. The driver was not l______________ to operate heavy machinery without proper training. 9. The two parties entered into n______________ to resolve the dispute. 10. The professor granted me a p______________ to use the library after hours. 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. His ______________（荒谬的）excuse made everyone laugh. 12. The two proposals are different, ______________（然而）both have merit. 13. She has a ______________（暂时的）job while looking for a permanent position. 14. The ______________（频率）of earthquakes in this region has increased. 15. The king showed no ______________（仁慈）to his enemies. 16. He was arrested by the police and taken to ______________（监狱）. 17. The ______________（标准）for admission to the program is very high. 18. He decided to ______________（辞职）from his position as manager. 19. The ______________（债务）he accumulated took years to pay off. 20. She was ______________（控告）of stealing from her employer. （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 说实话，这位女售货员的诚实正直赢得了顾客的信任和尊重。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 与传统的教学方法相比，互动式学习更能激发学生的参与热情。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这位科学家毕生致力于寻找治愈这种疾病的方法，最终取得了突破性进展。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 考虑到他最近的表现，老板决定给予他升职的机会，而不是将他解雇。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 尽管面临许多反对，她还是坚持自己的信念，最终赢得了大家的尊重。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 这位记者冒着生命危险深入灾区，为公众带来了第一手的真实报道。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 有些人认为高薪是选择职业时最重要的因素，然而另一些人则更看重工作带来的成就感。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 为了避免谣言传播，公司立即发表声明，澄清了事实真相。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 这位导师在指导学生完成研究项目时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们独立思考。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 我们应该公平对待每一个人，而不是根据他们的背景或地位做出判断。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. 在这个偏远的小镇上，人们过着简单而宁静的生活，远离城市的喧嚣和压力。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 正是他的勤奋和奉献精神使他在同龄人中脱颖而出，得到了老板的赏识。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 为了缓解交通拥堵，政府正在考虑实施一项新的公共交通政策。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 经过仔细考虑，她决定接受这份工作，尽管薪水比她预期的要低。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 这位勇敢的年轻人冒着生命危险救出被困在火中的孩子，他的英雄行为赢得了所有人的赞扬。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $