第06讲 （人教版选择性必修第三册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦选择性必修三词汇考点，覆盖约107个核心与阅读词汇，按单元梳理词形变化、拼写、词义及短语辨析，结合2024-2026年真题考情明确高频话题与考查形式。通过考情透视、知识导图、考点突破、真题演练四环节，帮助学生系统构建词汇网络，突破完形与阅读中的词汇难点。 资料采用分层备考策略，将词汇分为必须掌握、重点掌握、了解三个层次，配合“词形万花筒”词性转换练习和分阶命题演练，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。真题实战环节精选近年高考片段，如2026年完形填空中的“reputation”等高频词，助力学生在有限时间内提升词汇应用能力，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰框架。

第06讲 选择性必修第三册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································11 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································14 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································14 知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································16 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································18 2. 命题演练·····························································19 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 breakthrough, contemporary, convey, criticism, decline, entry, exhibition, guarantee, humble, influential, permanent, precise, purchase, rank, recognition, reputation, sculpture, vase, visual artistic, humanity, ink, pond 23 Unit 2 absorb, discipline, drug, dynamic, enhance, examine, facilitate, negative, optimistic, refresh, rely, reward, surgery bowling, physical, skip, specialist 17 Unit 3 annual, campaign, comprehensive, dozen, fine, fuel, garbage, harmonious, melt, policy, recycle, regulation, release, restore, seize, sensitive, smog, starve, submit, sustain, sustainable, tolerate,undergo carbon, chaos, dioxide, ecology, fossil, worldwide 29 Unit 4 abandon, assign, bitter, decent, enthusiastic, envy, fortunately, genuine, guidance, motor, recreation, resolve, resolution, sink, steward, thorough, unfortunately bark, belongings, furniture 19 Unit 5 complicated, comprehension, contest, core, deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format, literary, mood, poetry, polish, prejudice, rhythm, seed, string, sympathy, version nursery 19 总计 约89 约18 约107 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 艺术与文化遗产（artistic, breakthrough, convey, contemporary, exhibition, influential, permanent, precise, recognition, reputation, sculpture, visual） 健康生活方式与成瘾（absorb, discipline, drug, enhance, negative, reward, surgery, tobacco, physical, mental） 环境保护与气候变化（carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, melt, release, restore, smog, sustainable, tolerate, undergo） 逆境与勇气（探险精神）（abandon, endurance, expedition, perseverance, resolve, sink, voyage, crew, genuine） 诗歌与文学（comprehension, core, deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format, mood, poetry, rhyme, rhythm, sympathy, version） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, undergo, absorb, enhance, refresh, rely, reward, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish, tease 名词：art, breakthrough, criticism, exhibition, recognition, reputation, sculpture, drama, drug, surgery, carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, smog, campaign, policy, crew, expedition, perseverance, voyage, comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, rhythm, sympathy 形容词：artistic, contemporary, humble, influential, permanent, precise, visual, negative, dynamic, stressful, sugary, comprehensive, harmonious, sensitive, sustainable, worldwide, miserable, decent, thorough, unfortunate, delicate, literary, sympathetic 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, absorb, enhance, refresh, rely, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish, tease 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、情感变化和决策过程 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 breakthrough, contemporary, exhibition, influential, recognition, reputation, discipline, negative, reward, carbon, emission, fossil, sustainable, campaign, policy, expedition, perseverance, voyage, comprehension, core, deadline, prejudice, sympathy 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 convey, contemporary, influential, permanent, precise, recognition, reputation Unit 2 absorb, enhance, negative, refresh, rely, reward Unit 3 release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, sustainable, tolerate Unit 4 abandon, resolve, sink, endurance, perseverance, voyage Unit 5 comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, sympathy, version 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 rank（排名/地位）, purchase（购买/购置）, entry（进入/入口/参赛作品） Unit 2 discipline（纪律/学科/训练）, drug（毒品/药物）, stress（压力/强调） Unit 3 fuel（燃料/加剧）, policy（政策/保险单）, sensitive（敏感的/灵敏的） Unit 4 resolve（决心/解决）, sink（下沉/沉没）, steward（乘务员/管家） Unit 5 delicate（精美的/脆弱的）, tease（取笑/逗弄）, string（绳子/一串/弦） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 animation, arch, bronze, Buddhism, Buddhist, civil, client, decline, dimension, frame, humanity, ink, investment, memorial, mythology, noble, photography, primitive, representative, subjective, subsequent, sunrise, symphony, two-dimensional, water lily Unit 2 alcohol, beard, bowling, cigarette, comedy, compose, consultant, cue, dentist, dizzy, escalator, examine, flu, liberation, monthly, nut, pill, pessimistic, physical, repeatedly, shave, skateboard, specialist, stimulate, surgeon, virus Unit 3 agenda, basin, broadcast, conservation, disposal, enterprise, fine, footprint, implement, inspection, jungle, moderate, nuclear, on behalf of, originate, penguin, reform, regulation, tropical, volcano, waterway Unit 4 aboard, adversity, assign, banjo, bitter, blanket, candidate, commitment, corporate, cosy, crush, damp, endurance, episode, furniture, give off, loyal, make fire, motor, nephew, navigator, qualified, rugby, selfish, stove, turn down, vigour, wage Unit 5 await, barren, blank, brass, cherry, civilian, clover, correspondence, dawn, dewdrop, diamond, grief, haiku, imagery, innocent, mockingbird, prose, recite, respectively, revolve, shelf, sorrow, syllable, utter, variation, verse 考点一 选择性必修3 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 异戊二烯本身无害，但它会迅速与车辆、建筑物和工业排放的污染性氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是导致许多呼吸问题的主要因素。 2. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 这些数字助手能与参观者进行动态对话，并提供与情境相关的见解，从而加深理解、满足好奇心。 3. No, I originally came for a three-month project at a law firm. After finishing it, they offered me a permanent job. I took it and stayed. (2026年新高考全国I卷听力Text 6) 不，我最初是来一家律师事务所做一个为期三个月的项目。项目结束后，他们给了我一份固定工作。我接受了，然后就留了下来。 4. Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇) 视觉艺术作品提交：请提交您构思的艺术作品草图。 5. Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. (2025年新高考全国II卷阅读B篇) 何医生认识到，帮助患病的孩子在学业上与院外的同龄人保持同步，具有心理上的益处。 6. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. (2025年新高考全国II卷阅读D篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法更多地利用我们已经种植出来的东西。 7. In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. (2025年1月浙江卷阅读C篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法更多地利用我们已经种植出来的东西。 8.This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a harmonious atmosphere. (2025年新高考全国I卷应用文写作) 我坚信，这个引人注目的专栏必将为全班营造出和谐的氛围。 9.____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. (2024年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 它应该为每个单词提供精确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不完全相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示该单词的发音方式。 Unit 1 1．precise adj. 准确的；精确的→precisely adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此 2．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者 3．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类→humanistic adj. 人文主义的 4．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n. 影响，作用；势力，影响力；有影响的人(或事物)　v. 影响，对……起作用 5．sculpture n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 6．arch vt.& vi. 呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形　n. 拱；拱形结构；拱门→arched adj. 拱形的；弓形的 7．investment n. 投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest v. 投资；投入(时间或精力)；赋予 8．criticise vi.& vt. 批评；指责；评价→criticism n. 批评；指责；评论 9．exhibition n. 展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v. 展览，展出；卖弄，炫耀；提出(证据等)　n. 展品；(法庭上出示的)证物 10．recognition n. 承认；认出；赞誉→recognize vt.认出，识别；承认；接受，认可；赞赏　vi. 确认，承认 11．worthy adj. 值得……的；有价值的→worth n. 价值；意义；作用　adj. 有……价值的；值……钱的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The architect drew a ________________ map of the building. He measured every corner ________________. (precise) 2. His paintings are very ________________ . He is a ________________ who focuses on everyday life. His works show a strong sense of ________________ . (realistic) 3. The war was a crime against ________________ . The professor holds ________________ values and believes in the dignity of all people. (humanity) 4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. Her books have had a great ________________ on millions of readers. (influential) 5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. The ________________ spent years creating this masterpiece. (sculpture) 6. The bridge ________________ over the river. The ________________ windows added elegance to the building. (arch) 7. Real estate is often a good ________________ . He decided to ________________ in the stock market. (investment) 8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. She received a lot of ________________ for her controversial decision. (criticise) 9. There will be an art ________________ next week. The gallery will ________________ works by local artists. (exhibition) 10. He received ______ for his contributions to science. Everyone can ________________ his talent and hard work. (recognition) 11. Her behavior is ________________ of praise. The painting is ________________ a fortune. (worthy) Unit 2 1．repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat v. 重复说(或写)；照着说 2．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychologist n. 心理学家→psychological adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的 3．rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的 4．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimist n. 悲观主义者→pessimistically adv. 悲观地 5．delete v. 删去；删除→deletion n. 删除，删去的部分 6．liberation n. 解放；摆脱→liberate v. 解放，解救→liberator n. 解放者；释放者 7．consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师→consult v. 咨询，请教 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He ________________ asked the same question. Please ________________ what you just said. (repeatedly) 2. She is studying ________________ at university. Her goal is to become a clinical ________________ . The ________________ effects of stress can be harmful. (psychology) 3. Parents should not ________________too much on their children's teachers. A good teacher is ________________ and responsible. (rely) 4. Don't be so ________________ about the future. A ________________ always expects the worst. He spoke ________________ about the outcome. (pessimistic) 5. Please ________________ this unnecessary sentence from your essay. The ________________ of this section will shorten the article. (delete) 6. The ________________ of women's rights has come a long way. The revolution ________________ people from oppression. The ________________ was hailed as a hero. (liberation) 7. She works as a management ________________ . If you have any questions, please ________________ an expert. (consultant) Unit 3 1．habitable adj. 适合居住的→habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境，栖息地 2．sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3．frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequent adj. 频繁的，经常性的→frequency n. 出现次数；频繁；频率 4．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束 5．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行→implementation n. 实现；执行 6．originate vi.& vt. 起源；发源；创立→origin n. 起源；原点；出身；开端→original adj. 原来的；独创的；原作的　n. 原件；原作→originally adv. 最初，起初；本来 7．regulation n. 章程；规章制度→regulate vt. 调节；规定；控制 8．disposal n.去掉；处理→dispose vi.& vt.排列；布置；使倾向于→disposable adj. 一次性的；可自由支配的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. This planet is ________________ for human life. The natural ________________ of these animals is being destroyed. (habitable) 2. The planet cannot ________________ this rapid rate of development. We need to adopt more ________________ practices to protect the environment. (sustain) 3. He ________________ visits his parents on weekends. His ________________ trips home keep him connected to his family. The ________________ of his visits increased over time. (frequently) 4. The government plans to ________________ the use of plastic bags. There are strict ________________ on water usage during the drought. (restrict) 5. The company will ________________ the new policy next month. The ________________ of this plan requires careful planning. (implement) 6. The tradition ________________ in ancient China. The ________________ of this custom is unknown to many. The ________________ idea was quite different from what we see today. ________________ , it was celebrated only in rural areas. (originate) 7. There are strict ________________ governing the use of this equipment. The government ________________ the temperature of public buildings. (regulation) 8. The ________________ of waste is a major environmental challenge. He ________________ of the old furniture before moving. We use ________________ plates at parties to avoid washing dishes. (disposal) Unit 4 1．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 持续存在，持久；忍受，忍耐　vi. 忍耐；持续 2．qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v. 取得资格，合格；使有权(做某事)→qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格，学历 3．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱→enthusiastically adv. 热心地；满腔热情地 4．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的→miserably adv. 贫困地；可悲地；糟糕地；非常不幸地→misery n. 痛苦，苦难；穷困，悲惨境遇 5．persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 6．cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残酷地；非常→cruelty n. 残酷，残忍；不公，虐待 7．advertise vt.& vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；(某一类事物的)广告→advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 8．commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt. 犯罪；把……交托给；指派……作战；使……承担义务；(公开地)表示意见　vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等)；承诺 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Running a marathon requires great ________________ . She had to ________________ the pain for hours. (endurance) 2. She is ________________ for the teaching position. Her ________________ include a master‘s degree and teaching experience. Her training will ________________ her for the job. (qualified) 3. The fans were ________________ about the concert. Their ________________ was contagious. They cheered ________________ throughout the night. (enthusiastic) 4. He felt ________________ after losing his job. He lived ________________ in a small room. The ________________ of his situation was overwhelming. (miserable) 5. If you want to succeed, you must ________________ . ________________ is the key to overcoming difficulties. (persevere) 6. The dictator was ________________ to his people. He treated them ________________ . His ________________ knew no bounds. (cruel) 7. The company will ________________ the new product online. The ________________ will appear in newspapers next week. The ________________ industry has grown rapidly. (advertise) 8. He made a ________________ to finish the project on time. He ________________ himself to achieving his goals. (commitment) Unit 5 1．sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事　vi. 感到悲伤→sorrowful adj. 悲伤的，悲痛的，悲哀的；使人悲伤的 2．respective adj. 分别的；各自的→respectively adv. 分别；各自；依次为 3．comprehension n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习→comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的→comprehensible adj. 可理解的；能懂的→comprehensively adv. 完全地；彻底地 4．sympathy n. 同情；赞同→sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 5．innocent adj. 天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n. 天真；单纯；无罪 6．correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信→correspondence n. 来往信件；通信联系 7．dominant adj. 首要的；占支配地位的；显著的→dominate vi.& vt. 占据支配地位；控制；影响 8．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate vt. 使复杂化→complication n. 使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He expressed deep ________________ at the news of his friend's passing. The ________________ music brought tears to everyone‘s eyes. (sorrow) 2. The two friends returned to their ________________ homes. The first and second prizes went to Tom and Mary ________________ . (respective) 3. Reading ________________ is essential for language learning. The textbook provides a ________________ overview of the subject. The instructions are written in clear, easily ________________ language. The plan was ________________ discussed. (comprehension) 4. She felt great ________________ for the victims of the disaster. He was ________________ to their situation and offered to help. (sympathy) 5. The child was ________________ and believed everything he was told. Her ________________ made her trust everyone around her. (innocent) 6. Your actions must ________________ with your words. They kept up a regular ________________ for many years. (correspond) 7. The ________________ color in the room is blue. His personality ________________ the entire team. (dominant) 8. The instructions were too ________________ for beginners. The new software will only ________________ the process. This ________________ caused further delays. (complicated) 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．primitive adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的 n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品) 2．dimension n. 维；规模；范围 3．reputation n. 名誉；名声 4．noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的 5．rank n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行 6．purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西 7．client n. 委托人；当事人；客户 8．emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露 9．convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送 10．subjective adj. 主观的 11．subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的 12．fond adj. 喜爱 13．visual adj. 视觉的；视力的 14．permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的 15．memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj. 纪念的；悼念的 16．humble adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的 17．representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的　n. 代表 18．decline n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落　vi.& vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝 19．entry n. 加入；进入；参与 20．civil adj. 国民的；民用的；民事的 21．expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大 22．guarantee vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n. 保证；保修单；担保物 23．contemporary adj. 当代的；现代的；属同时期的 n. 同代人；同辈人 Unit 2 1．abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 2．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3．cue n.提示；暗示；　vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示) 4．reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬　vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 5．facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 6．examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 7．negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的 8．discipline n.自制力；纪律；　vt.自我控制；处罚 9．compose vt.& vi. 组成；作曲；撰写 10．shave vi.，vt.& n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 11．disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 12．specialist n. 专科医生；专家 13．drug n. 毒品；药物 14．skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走　vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳　n. 蹦跳 15．stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 16．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 17．monthly adv.& adj. 每月；每月一次的　n. 月刊 18．enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进 19．refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新 20．absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收 Unit 3 1．melt vi.& vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化 2．starve vi.& vt. (使)挨饿；饿死 3．ecology n. 生态；生态学 4．release vt.& n. 排放；释放；发布 5．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 6．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的 7．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 8．broadcast vt.& vi. 播送；广播；传播　n. 广播节目；电视节目 9．policy n. 政策；方针；原则 10．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 11．reform vi.& vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造　n. 改革；变革；改良 12．undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) 13．harmonious adj. 和谐的 14．moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的　vi.& vt. 缓和；使适中 15．submit vt.& vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 16．annual adj. 每年的；一年的　n. 年刊；年鉴 17．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 18．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物) 19．garbage n. 垃圾；废物 20．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业 21．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 22．conservation n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持 23．dozen n. (一)打；十二个 24．inspection n. 检查；查看；视察 25．fine vt. 对……处以罚款 26．campaign n. 运动；战役　vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动 27．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许 Unit 4 1．bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2．expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 3．aboard adv.& prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) 4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配 5．envy n．& vt. 羡慕；妒忌 6．crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎　n. 拥挤的人群 7．sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降　vt. 使下沉；使沉没 8．abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃 9．navy n. 海军；海军部队 10．decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 11．genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 12．resolve vi.& vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)　n. 决心；坚定的信念 13．resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定 14．crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 15．thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 16．furniture n. 家具 17．unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地 18．fortunately adv. 幸运地 19．damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 20．recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 21．guidance n. 指导；引导；导航 22．motor n. 发动机；马达　adj. 有引擎的；机动车的 23．candidate n. 候选人；应试者 24．motive n. 动机；原因；目的 Unit 5 1．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的 2．rhyme n. 押韵词；押韵的短诗　vi.& vt. (使)押韵 3．folk adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的 4．diamond n. 钻石；金刚石；菱形 5．recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举 6．amateur n.业余爱好者　adj.业余的；业余爱好的 7．mood n. 情绪；心情；语气 8．format n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt. 格式化 9．delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 10．shelf n. 架子；搁板 11．core n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 12．blank adj. 空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的　n. 空白；空格 13．version n. 版本；(从不同角度的)说法 14．era n. 时代；年代；纪元 15．sow vt.& vi. 播种；种 16．seed n. 种子；起源；萌芽 17．deadline n. 最后期限；截止日期 18．contest n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争　vt. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩 19．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光　n.上光剂；擦亮 20．string n. 细绳；线；一串　vt. 悬挂；系　adj. 弦乐器的；线织的 21．variation n. 变化；变体；变奏曲 22．racial adj. 种族的；人种的 23．prejudice n. 偏见；成见　vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 考点二 选择性必修3 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．Christianity n. 基督教 2．two－dimensional adj. 二维的 3．breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破 4．mythology n. 神话；虚幻的想法 5．photography n. 照相术；摄影 6．Impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派(绘画风格) 7．sunrise n. 日出 8．outer adj. 外表的；外边的；外围的 9．Cubism n. 立体主义；立体派 10．water lily n. 睡莲 11．pond n. 池塘；水池 12．bride n. 新娘 13．ink n. 墨水；墨汁；油墨 14．animation n. (电脑、录像)动画制作；动画片 15．frame n. 画面；框架　vt. 给……镶框；陷害 16．symphony n. 交响乐；交响曲 17．bronze n. 青铜；深红褐色　adj. 青铜色的；深红褐色的 18．ceramic n. 陶瓷制品；制陶艺术 19．vase n. 花瓶；装饰瓶 20．artistic adj. 艺术的；艺术家的 21．Buddhist adj. 佛教的　n. 佛教徒 22．Buddhism n. 佛教 Unit 2 1．tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶 2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精 3．physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 4．escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 5．pill n. 药丸；药片 6．surgeon n. 外科医生 7．surgery n. 外科手术；外科学 8．beard n. 胡须；络腮胡子 9．cigarette n. 香烟；卷烟 10．dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 11．flu n. 流感 12．dentist n. 牙科医生 13．sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的 14．nut n. 坚果 15．skateboard n. 滑板　vi. 滑滑板 16．bowling n. 保龄球运动 17．comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 Unit 3 1．graph n. 图；图表；曲线图 2．emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放 3．methane n. 甲烷；沼气 4．carbon n. 碳 5．dioxide n. 二氧化物 6．fossil n. 化石 7．worldwide adv. 遍及全球地　adj. 世界各地的； 8．footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 9．basin n. 流域；盆地；盆 10．penguin n. 企鹅 11．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的 12．chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 13．nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 14．jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林 15．volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 16．waterway n. 水道；航道 17．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程 Unit 4 1．adversity n. 困境；逆境 2．vigour n. 精力；力量；活力 3．cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 4．steward n. 轮船、飞机或火车上的乘务员； 5．stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 6．belongings n. [pl.]__财物；动产 7．banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) 8．voyage n．& vi. 航海；航行 9．cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 10．selfish adj. 自私的 11．good/bad­tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的 12．bark vi.& n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声 13．rugby n. 橄榄球运动 14．bat n.球拍；蝙蝠　vi.& vt.用球板击球；拍打 15．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 16．corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 17．rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 18．navigator n. 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 19．loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的 20．episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 21．Confucianism n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说) Unit 5 1．drama n. 戏；剧；戏剧艺术 2．imagery n. 形象的描述；意象；像 3．rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律 4．nursery adj. 幼儿教育的　n. 托儿所；保育室 5．mockingbird n. 嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿鸟的鸣叫) 6．brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 7．billy goat n. 公山羊 8．bull n. 公牛 9．bee n. 蜜蜂 10．dewdrop n. 露珠；水珠 11．dawn n. 黎明；开端；萌芽 12．clover n. 三叶草 13．butterfly n. 蝴蝶 14．lawn n. 草坪，草地 15．cinquain n. 五行诗 16．tease vi.& vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄 17．haiku n. 俳句 18．syllable n. 音节 19．blossom n. 花朵；花簇 20．await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 21．revolve vi. 旋转；环绕；转动 22．utter vt. 出声；说；讲　adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的 23．cherry n. 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色　adj. 樱桃色的；鲜红色的 24．verse n. 诗；韵文；诗节 25．civilian n. 平民；老百姓 26．prose n. 散文 27．sonnet n. 十四行诗 28．wherever conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情况下　adv. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里 29．barren adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的 30．grief n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．in particular 尤其；特别 2．set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于…… 3．shift from ... to ... 从……转换到…… 4．be fond of 喜爱；喜欢 5．be regarded as 被认为是；被当作是 6．in short 总之；简言之 7．on display 展览；展出 8．be intended to do sth 打算做某事 9．bring ... to life 赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来 10．a taste of 尝一口；领略 11．in store 准备着；将要发生 12．be admitted into 允许进入 13．to the point 中肯；扼要；切题 14．be worthy of 值得 Unit 2 1．in response to 回答；答复 2．rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖 3．aside from 除……之外(还有) 4．straight away 立即；马上 5．decide on 决定；选定 6．make up one's mind 下定决心 7．be composed of 由……组成(或构成)的 8．shave off 剃掉；刮去 9．be in control of 在……的控制下 10．stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 11．worn out 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 12．be possible to 对……来说是可能的 Unit 3 1．be shocked by 被……震惊 2．according to 根据 3．aim to do sth 打算做某事 4．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 5．as ... as possible 尽可能…… 6．millions of 数百万 7．throw ... into ... 把……扔进…… 8．contribute to 带来，造成 9．end up 最终成为；最后处于 10．dozens of 许多；很多 11．in effect 生效；有效；实际上 12．struggle with 与……斗争 13．be used to do sth 被用来做某事 14．the number of ... ……的数量 Unit 4 1．dream of 梦想 2．turn sb down 拒绝(某人) 3．be enthusiastic about 热衷于，对……充满热情 4．be/become stuck in 陷入，困住 5．be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 6．to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是 7．from bad to worse 每况愈下 8．be experienced in 在……方面有经验 9．at times 有时，偶尔 10．cheer sb up 使某人振作 11．make fire 生火 12．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体) 13．be free to do sth 不受约束地做某事； 14．be forced to do sth 被迫做某事 Unit 5 1．come to mind 想到 2．such as 例如 3．make sense 讲得通；有意义 4．be made up of 由……组成(构成) 5．be translated into 被翻译成 6．give it a try 试一试 7．be required to do sth 被要求做某事 8．be known to 为……所熟知 9．show understanding of 展现对……的理解 10．sow the seeds of...播下……的种子 11．be sure about 对……有把握，确信 12．in secret 秘密地，私下地 13．be ready to do sth 准备做某事 14．be gifted in ... 在……方面有天赋 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) As I move through my college years, I ____53____ the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the ____54____ that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can ____55____ my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 53. A. give up B. put off C. face up to D. look forward to 54. A. confidence B. reputation C. experience D. opportunity 55. A. inspire B. trust C. remind D. challenge 2.(2026年新高考全国II卷·完形填空片段) I never thought I could be a writer. I didn’t come from a family connected to the ____41____ world, which I perceived as a major ____42____. After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing wasn’t for me, I ____43____ to study teaching. 41. A. medical B. artistic C. scientific D. literary 42. A. subject B. problem C. event D. breakthrough 43. A. stepped aside B. got up C. went off D. turned back 3.(2026年新高考全国I卷·阅读七选五片段) AI transforms a standard museum trip into a personalized and interactive adventure. Smart recommendation engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to suggest specific exhibits and events, making each visit unique and surprising. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity. A. This capability allows for timely restoration. B. Visitor data collection also raises privacy issues. C. In short, AI is redefining the museum in all respects. D. It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles. E. Museums are not only places to store artworks, but also spaces for learning. F. Furthermore, AI-powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides. G. AI is changing this by using image recognition technology to analyze exhibits. 4.(2025年新高考全国II卷·阅读七选五片段) ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ___18___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 5.(2024年新高考全国I卷·阅读七选五片段) ____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. The architect provided a ________________ description of the new building design. (precisely) 2. His paintings are very ________________. (realist) 3. The war was a crime against ________________. (human) 4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. (influence) 5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. (sculpt) 6. The bridge ________________ over the river. (arch) 7. Real estate is often a good ________________. (invest) 8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. (criticism ) 9. There will be an art ________________ next week. (exhibit) 10. The artist finally gained international ________________ for her unique painting style. (recognise) 11. His courageous actions are ________________of great respect. (worth) 12. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (psychology) 13. In times of crisis, we can ________________on our friends for support. (reliable) 14. Don't be filled with ________________ about the future. (pessimistic) 15. The ________________ of this sentence will shorten the article. (delete) （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He has a good r______________ as a skilled doctor. 2. The company decided to p______________ a new building for its headquarters. 3. The sun e______________ from behind the clouds. 4. His speech c______________ a powerful message of hope. 5. The government must a______________ drugs to protect young people. 6. The teacher used games to f______________ learning. 7. You need to d______________ yourself to achieve your goals. 8. The sun's heat will m______________ the snow quickly. 9. The factory r______________ harmful gases into the air. 10. The company will u______________ a major restructuring next year. 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. The ______________（原始的）tools were made of stone. 12. The painting has a ______________（视觉的）impact that words cannot describe. 13. He is a ______________（谦逊的）person despite his great achievements. 14. The ______________（代表）from each country attended the meeting. 15. She is a ______________（专科医生）in heart disease. 16. Regular exercise can ______________（增强）your immune system. 17. The ______________（年度）report will be published next month. 18. We should respect the ______________（和谐的）relationship between humans and nature. 19. The ______________（候选人）gave an impressive speech. 20. She is in a good ______________（情绪）today. （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 简言之，这位画家的作品之所以与众不同，是因为他对色彩的独特运用。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们应当依靠可靠的来源获取信息，而不是盲目相信网上的每一句话。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 这位科学家致力于寻找可持续的能源解决方案，以应对全球气候变化的挑战。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 代表所有员工，我想感谢大家为这个项目的成功所做出的奉献。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 这部小说最初发表于19世纪，至今仍被视为美国文学的经典之作。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6. 她对艺术有着真正的热情，她的每一幅画都生动地传达了她的情感。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7. 尽管遭遇了许多挫折，他从未放弃，最终实现了自己成为一名外科医生的梦想。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8. 为了提高工作效率，公司决定采用灵活的工作时间政策。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9. 这位诗人擅长用简单的语言表达复杂的情感，这使他在当代文学中独树一帜。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10. 我们应该对不同的文化持开放态度，因为多样性是社会进步的重要动力。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. 这位探险队在穿越沙漠时经历了难以想象的困难，但他们的毅力最终得到了回报。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. 环境问题的严重性要求政府立即采取有效措施，而不是纸上谈兵。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 13. 这位导师在指导学生时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们提出自己的想法。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14. 我建议你每天花半小时进行户外运动，这不仅能让你放松身心、恢复精力，还能提高学习效率。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15. 在准备这次重要演讲的过程中，我非常感谢我的导师给予我的宝贵指导和建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $第06讲 选择性必修第三册 词汇考点 目录 01 考情透视·目标导航··························································2 02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5 03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6 考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5核心词汇·······································6 知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6 知识点2 核心单词知拼写·················································12 考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5阅读词汇······································14 知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································14 知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································17 04 真题练习·命题洞现 1. 真题实战······························································18 2. 命题演练·····························································22 2024-2026年历年真题中出现的词汇统计 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 合计 Unit 1 breakthrough, contemporary, convey, criticism, decline, entry, exhibition, guarantee, humble, influential, permanent, precise, purchase, rank, recognition, reputation, sculpture, vase, visual artistic, humanity, ink, pond 23 Unit 2 absorb, discipline, drug, dynamic, enhance, examine, facilitate, negative, optimistic, refresh, rely, reward, surgery bowling, physical, skip, specialist 17 Unit 3 annual, campaign, comprehensive, dozen, fine, fuel, garbage, harmonious, melt, policy, recycle, regulation, release, restore, seize, sensitive, smog, starve, submit, sustain, sustainable, tolerate,undergo carbon, chaos, dioxide, ecology, fossil, worldwide 29 Unit 4 abandon, assign, bitter, decent, enthusiastic, envy, fortunately, genuine, guidance, motor, recreation, resolve, resolution, sink, steward, thorough, unfortunately bark, belongings, furniture 19 Unit 5 complicated, comprehension, contest, core, deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format, literary, mood, poetry, polish, prejudice, rhythm, seed, string, sympathy, version nursery 19 总计 约89 约18 约107 考情分析 1. 频率最高的话题领域 艺术与文化遗产（artistic, breakthrough, convey, contemporary, exhibition, influential, permanent, precise, recognition, reputation, sculpture, visual） 健康生活方式与成瘾（absorb, discipline, drug, enhance, negative, reward, surgery, tobacco, physical, mental） 环境保护与气候变化（carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, melt, release, restore, smog, sustainable, tolerate, undergo） 逆境与勇气（探险精神）（abandon, endurance, expedition, perseverance, resolve, sink, voyage, crew, genuine） 诗歌与文学（comprehension, core, deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format, mood, poetry, rhyme, rhythm, sympathy, version） 2. 最常考查的词汇词性 动词：convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, undergo, absorb, enhance, refresh, rely, reward, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish, tease 名词：art, breakthrough, criticism, exhibition, recognition, reputation, sculpture, drama, drug, surgery, carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, smog, campaign, policy, crew, expedition, perseverance, voyage, comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, rhythm, sympathy 形容词：artistic, contemporary, humble, influential, permanent, precise, visual, negative, dynamic, stressful, sugary, comprehensive, harmonious, sensitive, sustainable, worldwide, miserable, decent, thorough, unfortunate, delicate, literary, sympathetic 3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇 convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, absorb, enhance, refresh, rely, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish, tease 特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、情感变化和决策过程 4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇 breakthrough, contemporary, exhibition, influential, recognition, reputation, discipline, negative, reward, carbon, emission, fossil, sustainable, campaign, policy, expedition, perseverance, voyage, comprehension, core, deadline, prejudice, sympathy 特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中 备考建议 必须掌握（高频） 不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用 Unit 1 convey, contemporary, influential, permanent, precise, recognition, reputation Unit 2 absorb, enhance, negative, refresh, rely, reward Unit 3 release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, sustainable, tolerate Unit 4 abandon, resolve, sink, endurance, perseverance, voyage Unit 5 comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, sympathy, version 重点掌握（中频） 重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义 Unit 1 rank（排名/地位）, purchase（购买/购置）, entry（进入/入口/参赛作品） Unit 2 discipline（纪律/学科/训练）, drug（毒品/药物）, stress（压力/强调） Unit 3 fuel（燃料/加剧）, policy（政策/保险单）, sensitive（敏感的/灵敏的） Unit 4 resolve（决心/解决）, sink（下沉/沉没）, steward（乘务员/管家） Unit 5 delicate（精美的/脆弱的）, tease（取笑/逗弄）, string（绳子/一串/弦） 了解即可（低频或未出现） 认识即可，不需要主动输出 Unit 1 animation, arch, bronze, Buddhism, Buddhist, civil, client, decline, dimension, frame, humanity, ink, investment, memorial, mythology, noble, photography, primitive, representative, subjective, subsequent, sunrise, symphony, two-dimensional, water lily Unit 2 alcohol, beard, bowling, cigarette, comedy, compose, consultant, cue, dentist, dizzy, escalator, examine, flu, liberation, monthly, nut, pill, pessimistic, physical, repeatedly, shave, skateboard, specialist, stimulate, surgeon, virus Unit 3 agenda, basin, broadcast, conservation, disposal, enterprise, fine, footprint, implement, inspection, jungle, moderate, nuclear, on behalf of, originate, penguin, reform, regulation, tropical, volcano, waterway Unit 4 aboard, adversity, assign, banjo, bitter, blanket, candidate, commitment, corporate, cosy, crush, damp, endurance, episode, furniture, give off, loyal, make fire, motor, nephew, navigator, qualified, rugby, selfish, stove, turn down, vigour, wage Unit 5 await, barren, blank, brass, cherry, civilian, clover, correspondence, dawn, dewdrop, diamond, grief, haiku, imagery, innocent, mockingbird, prose, recite, respectively, revolve, shelf, sorrow, syllable, utter, variation, verse 考点一 选择性必修3 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 异戊二烯本身无害，但它会迅速与车辆、建筑物和工业排放的污染性氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是导致许多呼吸问题的主要因素。 2. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity. (2026年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 这些数字助手能与参观者进行动态对话，并提供与情境相关的见解，从而加深理解、满足好奇心。 3. No, I originally came for a three-month project at a law firm. After finishing it, they offered me a permanent job. I took it and stayed. (2026年新高考全国I卷听力Text 6) 不，我最初是来一家律师事务所做一个为期三个月的项目。项目结束后，他们给了我一份固定工作。我接受了，然后就留了下来。 4. Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. (2026年1月浙江卷阅读A篇) 视觉艺术作品提交：请提交您构思的艺术作品草图。 5. Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. (2025年新高考全国II卷阅读B篇) 何医生认识到，帮助患病的孩子在学业上与院外的同龄人保持同步，具有心理上的益处。 6. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing. (2025年新高考全国II卷阅读D篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法更多地利用我们已经种植出来的东西。 7. In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. (2025年1月浙江卷阅读C篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法更多地利用我们已经种植出来的东西。 8.This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a harmonious atmosphere. (2025年新高考全国I卷应用文写作) 我坚信，这个引人注目的专栏必将为全班营造出和谐的氛围。 9.____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. (2024年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 它应该为每个单词提供精确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不完全相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示该单词的发音方式。 Unit 1 1．precise adj. 准确的；精确的→precisely adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此 2．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n. 现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者 3．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类→humanistic adj. 人文主义的 4．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n. 影响，作用；势力，影响力；有影响的人(或事物)　v. 影响，对……起作用 5．sculpture n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 6．arch vt.& vi. 呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形　n. 拱；拱形结构；拱门→arched adj. 拱形的；弓形的 7．investment n. 投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest v. 投资；投入(时间或精力)；赋予 8．criticise vi.& vt. 批评；指责；评价→criticism n. 批评；指责；评论 9．exhibition n. 展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v. 展览，展出；卖弄，炫耀；提出(证据等)　n. 展品；(法庭上出示的)证物 10．recognition n. 承认；认出；赞誉→recognize vt.认出，识别；承认；接受，认可；赞赏　vi. 确认，承认 11．worthy adj. 值得……的；有价值的→worth n. 价值；意义；作用　adj. 有……价值的；值……钱的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The architect drew a ________________ map of the building. He measured every corner ________________. (precise) 2. His paintings are very ________________ . He is a ________________ who focuses on everyday life. His works show a strong sense of ________________ . (realistic) 3. The war was a crime against ________________ . The professor holds ________________ values and believes in the dignity of all people. (humanity) 4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. Her books have had a great ________________ on millions of readers. (influential) 5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. The ________________ spent years creating this masterpiece. (sculpture) 6. The bridge ________________ over the river. The ________________ windows added elegance to the building. (arch) 7. Real estate is often a good ________________ . He decided to ________________ in the stock market. (investment) 8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. She received a lot of ________________ for her controversial decision. (criticise) 9. There will be an art ________________ next week. The gallery will ________________ works by local artists. (exhibition) 10. He received ______ for his contributions to science. Everyone can ________________ his talent and hard work. (recognition) 11. Her behavior is ________________ of praise. The painting is ________________ a fortune. (worthy) 【答案】 1. precise, precisely 2. realistic, realist, realism 3. humanity, humanistic 4. influential, influence 5. sculpture, sculptor 6. arches, arched 7. investment, invest 8. criticise, criticism 9. exhibition, exhibit 10. recognition, recognise 11. worthy, worth Unit 2 1．repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat v. 重复说(或写)；照着说 2．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychologist n. 心理学家→psychological adj. 心理的，精神的；心理学的 3．rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的 4．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimist n. 悲观主义者→pessimistically adv. 悲观地 5．delete v. 删去；删除→deletion n. 删除，删去的部分 6．liberation n. 解放；摆脱→liberate v. 解放，解救→liberator n. 解放者；释放者 7．consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师→consult v. 咨询，请教 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He ________________ asked the same question. Please ________________ what you just said. (repeatedly) 2. She is studying ________________ at university. Her goal is to become a clinical ________________ . The ________________ effects of stress can be harmful. (psychology) 3. Parents should not ________________ too much on their children's teachers. A good teacher is ________________ and responsible. (rely) 4. Don't be so ________________ about the future. A ________________ always expects the worst. He spoke ________________ about the outcome. (pessimistic) 5. Please ________________ this unnecessary sentence from your essay. The ________________ of this section will shorten the article. (delete) 6. The ________________ of women's rights has come a long way. The revolution ________________ people from oppression. The ________________ was hailed as a hero. (liberation) 7. She works as a management ________________ . If you have any questions, please ________________ an expert. (consultant) 【答案】 1. repeatedly, repeat 2. psychology, psychologist, psychological 3. rely, reliable 4. pessimistic, pessimist, pessimistically 5. delete, deletion 6. liberation, liberated, liberator 7. consultant, consult Unit 3 1．habitable adj. 适合居住的→habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境，栖息地 2．sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的 3．frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequent adj. 频繁的，经常性的→frequency n. 出现次数；频繁；频率 4．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束 5．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行→implementation n. 实现；执行 6．originate vi.& vt. 起源；发源；创立→origin n. 起源；原点；出身；开端→original adj. 原来的；独创的；原作的　n. 原件；原作→originally adv. 最初，起初；本来 7．regulation n. 章程；规章制度→regulate vt. 调节；规定；控制 8．disposal n.去掉；处理→dispose vi.& vt.排列；布置；使倾向于→disposable adj. 一次性的；可自由支配的 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. This planet is ________________ for human life. The natural ________________ of these animals is being destroyed. (habitable) 2. The planet cannot ________________ this rapid rate of development. We need to adopt more ________________ practices to protect the environment. (sustain) 3. He ________________ visits his parents on weekends. His ________________ trips home keep him connected to his family. The ________________ of his visits increased over time. (frequently) 4. The government plans to ________________ the use of plastic bags. There are strict ________________ on water usage during the drought. (restrict) 5. The company will ________________ the new policy next month. The ________________ of this plan requires careful planning. (implement) 6. The tradition ________________ in ancient China. The ________________ of this custom is unknown to many. The ________________ idea was quite different from what we see today. ________________ , it was celebrated only in rural areas. (originate) 7. There are strict ________________ governing the use of this equipment. The government ________________ the temperature of public buildings. (regulation) 8. The ________________ of waste is a major environmental challenge. He ________________ of the old furniture before moving. We use ________________ plates at parties to avoid washing dishes. (disposal) 【答案】 1. habitable, habitat 2. sustain, sustainable 3. frequently, frequent, frequency 4. restrict, restrictions 5. implement, implementation 6. originated, origin, original, Originally 7. regulations, regulates 8. disposal, disposed, disposable Unit 4 1．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 持续存在，持久；忍受，忍耐　vi. 忍耐；持续 2．qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v. 取得资格，合格；使有权(做某事)→qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格，学历 3．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱→enthusiastically adv. 热心地；满腔热情地 4．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的→miserably adv. 贫困地；可悲地；糟糕地；非常不幸地→misery n. 痛苦，苦难；穷困，悲惨境遇 5．persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神 6．cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残酷地；非常→cruelty n. 残酷，残忍；不公，虐待 7．advertise vt.& vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；(某一类事物的)广告→advertising n. 广告活动；广告业 8．commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt. 犯罪；把……交托给；指派……作战；使……承担义务；(公开地)表示意见　vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等)；承诺 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Running a marathon requires great ________________ . She had to ________________ the pain for hours. (endurance) 2. She is ________________ for the teaching position. Her ________________ include a master‘s degree and teaching experience. Her training will ________________ her for the job. (qualified) 3. The fans were ________________ about the concert. Their ________________ was contagious. They cheered ________________ throughout the night. (enthusiastic) 4. He felt ________________ after losing his job. He lived ________________ in a small room. The ________________ of his situation was overwhelming. (miserable) 5. If you want to succeed, you must ________________ . ________________ is the key to overcoming difficulties. (persevere) 6. The dictator was ________________ to his people. He treated them ________________ . His ________________ knew no bounds. (cruel) 7. The company will ________________ the new product online. The ________________ will appear in newspapers next week. The ________________ industry has grown rapidly. (advertise) 8. He made a ________________ to finish the project on time. He ________________ himself to achieving his goals. (commitment) 【答案】 1. endurance, endure 2. qualified, qualifications, qualify 3. enthusiastic, enthusiasm, enthusiastically 4. miserable, miserably, misery 5. persevere, Perseverance 6. cruel, cruelly, cruelty 7. advertise, advertisement, advertising 8. commitment, commits Unit 5 1．sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事　vi. 感到悲伤→sorrowful adj. 悲伤的，悲痛的，悲哀的；使人悲伤的 2．respective adj. 分别的；各自的→respectively adv. 分别；各自；依次为 3．comprehension n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习→comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的→comprehensible adj. 可理解的；能懂的→comprehensively adv. 完全地；彻底地 4．sympathy n. 同情；赞同→sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 5．innocent adj. 天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n. 天真；单纯；无罪 6．correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信→correspondence n. 来往信件；通信联系 7．dominant adj. 首要的；占支配地位的；显著的→dominate vi.& vt. 占据支配地位；控制；影响 8．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate vt. 使复杂化→complication n. 使更复杂化(或更困难)的事物 词形万花筒 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. He expressed deep ________________ at the news of his friend's passing. The ________________ music brought tears to everyone‘s eyes. (sorrow) 2. The two friends returned to their ________________ homes. The first and second prizes went to Tom and Mary ________________ . (respective) 3. Reading ________________ is essential for language learning. The textbook provides a ________________ overview of the subject. The instructions are written in clear, easily ________________ language. The plan was ________________ discussed. (comprehension) 4. She felt great ________________ for the victims of the disaster. He was ________________ to their situation and offered to help. (sympathy) 5. The child was ________________ and believed everything he was told. Her ________________ made her trust everyone around her. (innocent) 6. Your actions must ________________ with your words. They kept up a regular ________________ for many years. (correspond) 7. The ________________ color in the room is blue. His personality ________________ the entire team. (dominant) 8. The instructions were too ________________ for beginners. The new software will only ________________ the process. This ________________ caused further delays. (complicated) 【答案】 1. sorrow, sorrowful 2. respective, respectively 3. comprehension, comprehensive, comprehensible, comprehensively 4. sympathy, sympathetic 5. innocent, innocence 6. correspond, correspondence 7. dominant, dominates 8. complicated, complicate, complication 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．primitive adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的 n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品) 2．dimension n. 维；规模；范围 3．reputation n. 名誉；名声 4．noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人　adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的 5．rank n. 地位；级别；行列　vt.& vi. 把……分等级；使排成行 6．purchase vt. 购买；采购　n. 购买；购买的东西 7．client n. 委托人；当事人；客户 8．emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露 9．convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送 10．subjective adj. 主观的 11．subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的 12．fond adj. 喜爱 13．visual adj. 视觉的；视力的 14．permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的 15．memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品 adj. 纪念的；悼念的 16．humble adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的 17．representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的　n. 代表 18．decline n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；衰落　vi.& vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝 19．entry n. 加入；进入；参与 20．civil adj. 国民的；民用的；民事的 21．expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大 22．guarantee vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n. 保证；保修单；担保物 23．contemporary adj. 当代的；现代的；属同时期的 n. 同代人；同辈人 Unit 2 1．abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 2．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 3．cue n.提示；暗示；　vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示) 4．reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬　vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 5．facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 6．examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 7．negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的 8．discipline n.自制力；纪律；　vt.自我控制；处罚 9．compose vt.& vi. 组成；作曲；撰写 10．shave vi.，vt.& n. 剃(须发)；刮脸 11．disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 12．specialist n. 专科医生；专家 13．drug n. 毒品；药物 14．skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走　vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳　n. 蹦跳 15．stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激 16．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的 17．monthly adv.& adj. 每月；每月一次的　n. 月刊 18．enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进 19．refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新 20．absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收 Unit 3 1．melt vi.& vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化 2．starve vi.& vt. (使)挨饿；饿死 3．ecology n. 生态；生态学 4．release vt.& n. 排放；释放；发布 5．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行 6．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的 7．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向 8．broadcast vt.& vi. 播送；广播；传播　n. 广播节目；电视节目 9．policy n. 政策；方针；原则 10．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制 11．reform vi.& vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造　n. 改革；变革；改良 12．undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) 13．harmonious adj. 和谐的 14．moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的　vi.& vt. 缓和；使适中 15．submit vt.& vi. 提交；呈递；屈服 16．annual adj. 每年的；一年的　n. 年刊；年鉴 17．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 18．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物) 19．garbage n. 垃圾；废物 20．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业 21．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复 22．conservation n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持 23．dozen n. (一)打；十二个 24．inspection n. 检查；查看；视察 25．fine vt. 对……处以罚款 26．campaign n. 运动；战役　vi.& vt. 参加运动；领导运动 27．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许 Unit 4 1．bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的 2．expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队 3．aboard adv.& prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) 4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配 5．envy n．& vt. 羡慕；妒忌 6．crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎　n. 拥挤的人群 7．sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降　vt. 使下沉；使沉没 8．abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃 9．navy n. 海军；海军部队 10．decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的 11．genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 12．resolve vi.& vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)　n. 决心；坚定的信念 13．resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定 14．crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人 15．thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的 16．furniture n. 家具 17．unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地 18．fortunately adv. 幸运地 19．damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的 20．recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏 21．guidance n. 指导；引导；导航 22．motor n. 发动机；马达　adj. 有引擎的；机动车的 23．candidate n. 候选人；应试者 24．motive n. 动机；原因；目的 Unit 5 1．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的 2．rhyme n. 押韵词；押韵的短诗　vi.& vt. (使)押韵 3．folk adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的 4．diamond n. 钻石；金刚石；菱形 5．recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举 6．amateur n.业余爱好者　adj.业余的；业余爱好的 7．mood n. 情绪；心情；语气 8．format n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式 vt. 格式化 9．delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 10．shelf n. 架子；搁板 11．core n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 12．blank adj. 空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的　n. 空白；空格 13．version n. 版本；(从不同角度的)说法 14．era n. 时代；年代；纪元 15．sow vt.& vi. 播种；种 16．seed n. 种子；起源；萌芽 17．deadline n. 最后期限；截止日期 18．contest n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争　vt. 争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩 19．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光　n.上光剂；擦亮 20．string n. 细绳；线；一串　vt. 悬挂；系　adj. 弦乐器的；线织的 21．variation n. 变化；变体；变奏曲 22．racial adj. 种族的；人种的 23．prejudice n. 偏见；成见　vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 考点二 选择性必修3 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1．Christianity n. 基督教 2．two－dimensional adj. 二维的 3．breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破 4．mythology n. 神话；虚幻的想法 5．photography n. 照相术；摄影 6．Impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派(绘画风格) 7．sunrise n. 日出 8．outer adj. 外表的；外边的；外围的 9．Cubism n. 立体主义；立体派 10．water lily n. 睡莲 11．pond n. 池塘；水池 12．bride n. 新娘 13．ink n. 墨水；墨汁；油墨 14．animation n. (电脑、录像)动画制作；动画片 15．frame n. 画面；框架　vt. 给……镶框；陷害 16．symphony n. 交响乐；交响曲 17．bronze n. 青铜；深红褐色　adj. 青铜色的；深红褐色的 18．ceramic n. 陶瓷制品；制陶艺术 19．vase n. 花瓶；装饰瓶 20．artistic adj. 艺术的；艺术家的 21．Buddhist adj. 佛教的　n. 佛教徒 22．Buddhism n. 佛教 Unit 2 1．tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶 2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精 3．physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 4．escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 5．pill n. 药丸；药片 6．surgeon n. 外科医生 7．surgery n. 外科手术；外科学 8．beard n. 胡须；络腮胡子 9．cigarette n. 香烟；卷烟 10．dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的 11．flu n. 流感 12．dentist n. 牙科医生 13．sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的 14．nut n. 坚果 15．skateboard n. 滑板　vi. 滑滑板 16．bowling n. 保龄球运动 17．comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目 Unit 3 1．graph n. 图；图表；曲线图 2．emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放 3．methane n. 甲烷；沼气 4．carbon n. 碳 5．dioxide n. 二氧化物 6．fossil n. 化石 7．worldwide adv. 遍及全球地　adj. 世界各地的； 8．footprint n. 足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积 9．basin n. 流域；盆地；盆 10．penguin n. 企鹅 11．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的 12．chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 13．nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 14．jungle n. (热带)丛林；密林 15．volume n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 16．waterway n. 水道；航道 17．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程 Unit 4 1．adversity n. 困境；逆境 2．vigour n. 精力；力量；活力 3．cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜 4．steward n. 轮船、飞机或火车上的乘务员； 5．stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具 6．belongings n. [pl.]__财物；动产 7．banjo n. 班卓琴(乐器) 8．voyage n．& vi. 航海；航行 9．cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的 10．selfish adj. 自私的 11．good/bad­tempered adj. 脾气好的/坏的 12．bark vi.& n. (狗)吠叫；吠叫声 13．rugby n. 橄榄球运动 14．bat n.球拍；蝙蝠　vi.& vt.用球板击球；拍打 15．nephew n. 侄子；外甥 16．corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的 17．rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的 18．navigator n. 领航员；(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者 19．loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的 20．episode n. (人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 21．Confucianism n. 孔子学说；儒家(学说) Unit 5 1．drama n. 戏；剧；戏剧艺术 2．imagery n. 形象的描述；意象；像 3．rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律 4．nursery adj. 幼儿教育的　n. 托儿所；保育室 5．mockingbird n. 嘲鸫(美洲鸣禽，能模仿鸟的鸣叫) 6．brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 7．billy goat n. 公山羊 8．bull n. 公牛 9．bee n. 蜜蜂 10．dewdrop n. 露珠；水珠 11．dawn n. 黎明；开端；萌芽 12．clover n. 三叶草 13．butterfly n. 蝴蝶 14．lawn n. 草坪，草地 15．cinquain n. 五行诗 16．tease vi.& vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄 17．haiku n. 俳句 18．syllable n. 音节 19．blossom n. 花朵；花簇 20．await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 21．revolve vi. 旋转；环绕；转动 22．utter vt. 出声；说；讲　adj. 完全的；十足的；彻底的 23．cherry n. 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色　adj. 樱桃色的；鲜红色的 24．verse n. 诗；韵文；诗节 25．civilian n. 平民；老百姓 26．prose n. 散文 27．sonnet n. 十四行诗 28．wherever conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情况下　adv. (用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里 29．barren adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的 30．grief n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1．in particular 尤其；特别 2．set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优于…… 3．shift from ... to ... 从……转换到…… 4．be fond of 喜爱；喜欢 5．be regarded as 被认为是；被当作是 6．in short 总之；简言之 7．on display 展览；展出 8．be intended to do sth 打算做某事 9．bring ... to life 赋予……生命；使……鲜活起来 10．a taste of 尝一口；领略 11．in store 准备着；将要发生 12．be admitted into 允许进入 13．to the point 中肯；扼要；切题 14．be worthy of 值得 Unit 2 1．in response to 回答；答复 2．rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖 3．aside from 除……之外(还有) 4．straight away 立即；马上 5．decide on 决定；选定 6．make up one's mind 下定决心 7．be composed of 由……组成(或构成)的 8．shave off 剃掉；刮去 9．be in control of 在……的控制下 10．stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁 11．worn out 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的 12．be possible to 对……来说是可能的 Unit 3 1．be shocked by 被……震惊 2．according to 根据 3．aim to do sth 打算做某事 4．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 5．as ... as possible 尽可能…… 6．millions of 数百万 7．throw ... into ... 把……扔进…… 8．contribute to 带来，造成 9．end up 最终成为；最后处于 10．dozens of 许多；很多 11．in effect 生效；有效；实际上 12．struggle with 与……斗争 13．be used to do sth 被用来做某事 14．the number of ... ……的数量 Unit 4 1．dream of 梦想 2．turn sb down 拒绝(某人) 3．be enthusiastic about 热衷于，对……充满热情 4．be/become stuck in 陷入，困住 5．be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 6．to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是 7．from bad to worse 每况愈下 8．be experienced in 在……方面有经验 9．at times 有时，偶尔 10．cheer sb up 使某人振作 11．make fire 生火 12．give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体) 13．be free to do sth 不受约束地做某事； 14．be forced to do sth 被迫做某事 Unit 5 1．come to mind 想到 2．such as 例如 3．make sense 讲得通；有意义 4．be made up of 由……组成(构成) 5．be translated into 被翻译成 6．give it a try 试一试 7．be required to do sth 被要求做某事 8．be known to 为……所熟知 9．show understanding of 展现对……的理解 10．sow the seeds of...播下……的种子 11．be sure about 对……有把握，确信 12．in secret 秘密地，私下地 13．be ready to do sth 准备做某事 14．be gifted in ... 在……方面有天赋 一、 真题实战 1.(2026年新高考全国I卷·完形填空片段) As I move through my college years, I ____53____ the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for the ____54____ that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can ____55____ my small town roots to lead me in the right direction. 53. A. give up B. put off C. face up to D. look forward to 54. A. confidence B. reputation C. experience D. opportunity 55. A. inspire B. trust C. remind D. challenge 【答案】 53. D 54. C 55. B 53.考查动词短语。句意：大学期间，我十分期待回到小小的家乡探望。A. give up放弃；B. put off推迟；C. face up to直面；D. look forward to期待。根据后文“the visits to my little hometown”可知，作者内心感念故乡，因此盼望回乡探望。 54.考查名词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. confidence自信；B. reputation名声；C. experience经历；D. opportunity机遇。根据后文“ I had growing up”可知，全文记述从小到大在小镇的全部成长过往，对应成长经历。 55.考查动词。句意：我感恩成长途中的种种经历，也明白无论下一场人生奔赴何方，我都可以信赖小镇故土孕育的根基，它会指引我走向正确的道路。A. inspire激励；B. trust信任、依靠；C. remind提醒；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“lead me in the right direction”可知，小镇塑造了自己的品性与处事准则，能够依靠小镇故土孕育的根基走向正确的道路。 【思维建模】reputation 意为“名声、声誉”，在此处是第54题的干扰项。文中作者说感恩成长途中的种种经历（experience），而非名声——小镇给予作者的是具体的生活体验和成长历程，而不是外界对其的评价或名声。reputation 强调“他人如何看待”，而 experience 强调“亲身经历”，二者侧重点不同。在完形填空中，reputation 与后文“I had growing up”（我成长中所拥有的）搭配不当——一个人可以拥有 experiences，但不能拥有 reputation（声誉是外界赋予的，不是个人“拥有”的）。理解 reputation 的这一特性，有助于排除该干扰项。 2.(2026年新高考全国II卷·完形填空片段) I never thought I could be a writer. I didn’t come from a family connected to the ____41____ world, which I perceived as a major ____42____. After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing wasn’t for me, I ____43____ to study teaching. 41. A. medical B. artistic C. scientific D. literary 42. A. subject B. problem C. event D. breakthrough 43. A. stepped aside B. got up C. went off D. turned back 【答案】41. D 42. B 43. C 41.考查形容词。句意：我并非出身于和文学领域相关的家庭，我认为这是主要的问题。A. medical医学的；B. artistic艺术的；C. scientific科学的；D. literary文学的。根据上文“I never thought I could be a writer”可知，此处对应文学领域，指作者出身于一个与文学界没有关联的家庭。 42.考查名词。句意：我并非出身于和文学领域相关的家庭，我认为这是主要的问题。A. subject科目；B. problem问题、困境；C. event事件；D. breakthrough突破。根据上文“I didn’t come from a family connected to the world”可知，作者觉得没有文学背景，对想当作家的自己来说是不利条件，是主要的问题。 43.考查动词短语。句意：本科毕业后，我认定写作不适合自己，于是转而学习师范专业。A. stepped aside让位；B. got up起床；C. went off转向、动身去做；D. turned back返回。根据上文“convinced that writing wasn’t for me”以及下文“study teaching”可推知，此处指放弃写作方向，选择学习师范专业。 3.(2026年新高考全国I卷·阅读七选五片段) AI transforms a standard museum trip into a personalized and interactive adventure. Smart recommendation engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to suggest specific exhibits and events, making each visit unique and surprising. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity. A. This capability allows for timely restoration. B. Visitor data collection also raises privacy issues. C. In short, AI is redefining the museum in all respects. D. It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles. E. Museums are not only places to store artworks, but also spaces for learning. F. Furthermore, AI-powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides. G. AI is changing this by using image recognition technology to analyze exhibits. 【答案】37. F 上文“Smart recommendation engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to suggest specific exhibits and events, making each visit unique and surprising.(智能推荐引擎通过分析展品受欢迎程度和游客过往行为等数据，推荐特定的展品和活动，让每次参观都独特而充满惊喜)”介绍了AI推荐引擎的功能，下文“These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity.(这些数字助手能与游客进行动态对话，并提供与情境相关的见解，从而加深理解、满足好奇心)”描述了AI驱动的虚拟导览员的作用。F选项“Furthermore, AI-powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides.(此外，AI驱动的虚拟导览员正在取代传统的导游)”承接上文，与推荐引擎构成并列关系，引出AI在博物馆中的另一项应用——虚拟导览员；下文中的“These digital assistants”指代F选项中的“AI-powered virtual guides”，上下文语意连贯。 【思维建模】sensitive 意为“敏感的、灵敏的”，在此处与 context 构成复合词 context-sensitive，意为“与情境相关的、依赖于上下文的”，描述虚拟导游能够根据游客当前所处的具体展品、提问或参观场景，实时提供有针对性的信息和见解，而不是播放预设的固定讲解词。sensitive 本身的核心语义是“能敏锐感知细微变化或外部刺激”，这与人工智能领域的技术逻辑高度一致——一个 context-sensitive 的系统意味着它能感知并响应环境中的变量（如游客的行为、位置、问题）。在七选五解题中，理解 sensitive 作为构词成分时的功能（与名词结合构成复合词，表示“对……敏感的”或“与……相关的”），有助于推断 context-sensitive 的整体含义，从而确认 F 项（AI-powered virtual guides）是正确选项，因为只有虚拟导游这样的对话式 AI 才需要具备 context-sensitive 的能力。 4.(2025年新高考全国II卷·阅读七选五片段) ●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. ___18___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【答案】 18. E 根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。 【思维建模】physical 意为“身体的、生理的”，与 mental（心理的）相对，在此处修饰 health benefits，特指志愿服务对身体健康方面的积极影响。文中提到成年人参与志愿服务后拥有 better memory（更好的记忆力）和 maintained overall health（维持整体健康），这两者都属于 physical health 的范畴。在七选五解题中，physical 是区分不同段落主题的关键信号词——前一段可能讲心理或情感益处，而本段通过 physical 明确聚焦身体健康。E 项中的 physical health benefits 与下文 Washington University 的研究发现形成精准对应，且与后文“look after their own health”（照顾自身健康）和“adding physical activity”（增加身体活动）中的 health 和 physical 形成同义复现。理解 physical 有助于排除那些涉及情感、家庭或儿童成长的干扰项。 5.(2024年新高考全国I卷·阅读七选五片段) ____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. A. I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 【答案】38. E 下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。 【思维建模】precise 意为“精确的、准确的”，在此处修饰 definition（定义），强调一本好字典应该提供的不是模糊的、大致的解释，而是能够精确区分近义词（differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical）的清晰界定。precise definition 是字典区别于其他语言工具的核心价值所在。在七选五解题中，理解 precise 有助于确认第38题选择 E 项的逻辑：E 项指出字典不仅仅是用来查拼写的（not only for spelling），暗示字典有更重要功能，而下文的 precise definition 和 pronunciation（发音）正是对这些“更重要功能”的具体展开。若没有 precise 这一限定词，definition 可能被理解为任何程度的解释，而 precise 的存在恰恰呼应了 E 项“not only for spelling”中隐含的“字典能提供比拼写更精确、更丰富的信息”这一对比关系。 2、 命题演练 （一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15题，每题1个空） 1. The architect provided a ________________ description of the new building design. (precisely) 【答案】precise 【详解】句意：建筑师对新建筑设计提供了精确的描述。空后description为名词，需要形容词作定语修饰。precise意为“准确的；精确的”，来自precisely的形容词形式。 2. His paintings are very ________________. (realist) 【答案】realistic 【详解】句意：他的画作非常逼真。空前are为系动词，需要形容词作表语。realistic意为“现实的；逼真的”。 3. The war was a crime against ________________. (human) 【答案】humanity 【详解】句意：战争是对人类的犯罪。空前against为介词，需要名词作宾语。humanity意为“人性；人类”。 4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. (influence) 【答案】influential 【详解】句意：她是教育领域有影响力的人物。空后figure为名词，需要形容词作定语。influence的形容词形式是influential，意为“有很大影响力的”。 5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. (sculpt) 【答案】sculpture 【详解】句意：博物馆有米开朗基罗的著名雕塑。空前a为冠词，需要名词作宾语。sculpt的名词形式是sculpture，意为“雕像；雕刻品”。 6. The bridge ________________ over the river. (arch) 【答案】arches 【详解】句意：这座桥呈弧形横跨在河上。空处缺少谓语动词，主语The bridge为第三人称单数，arch意为“呈弧形横跨”，用arches。 7. Real estate is often a good ________________. (invest) 【答案】investment 【详解】句意：房地产通常是一项好的投资。空前a good为冠词加形容词，需要名词作表语。invest的名词形式是investment，意为“投资额；投资”。 8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. (criticism ) 【答案】criticise 【详解】句意：当你不知道事情全貌时，很容易批评别人。空前to为不定式符号，需要动词原形。criticise意为“批评；指责”。 9. There will be an art ________________ next week. (exhibit) 【答案】exhibition 【详解】句意：下周将有一个艺术展览。空前an art为冠词加名词，需要名词作主语。exhibit的名词形式是exhibition，意为“展览”。 10. The artist finally gained international ________________ for her unique painting style. (recognise) 【答案】recognition 【详解】句意：这位艺术家最终因她独特的绘画风格获得了国际认可。空前gained为动词，需要名词作宾语。recognise的名词形式是recognition，意为“承认；认可；赞誉”。 11. His courageous actions are ________________of great respect. (worth) 【答案】worthy 【详解】句意：他勇敢的行为值得极大的尊敬。be worthy of为固定短语，意为“值得……的”，空后of提示此处需要形容词worthy，worth的形容词形式为worthy。 12. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (psychology) 【答案】psychological 【详解】句意：她正在实验室进行心理学研究。空后research为名词，需要形容词作定语。psychology的形容词形式是psychological，意为“心理学的”。 13. In times of crisis, we can ________________on our friends for support. (reliable) 【答案】rely 【详解】句意：在危机时刻，我们可以依靠朋友的支持。空前can为情态动词，后接动词原形。rely on为固定短语，意为“依赖；依靠”，reliable的动词形式是rely。 14. Don't be filled with ________________ about the future. (pessimistic) 【答案】pessimism 【详解】句意：不要对未来充满悲观。空前with为介词，需要名词作宾语。pessimistic的名词形式是pessimism，意为“悲观”。 15. The ________________ of this sentence will shorten the article. (delete) 【答案】deletion 【详解】句意：删除这个句子会缩短文章。空处需要名词作主语。delete的名词形式是deletion，意为“删除”。 （二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20题，每题1个空） 【首字母填空1-10题】 1. He has a good r______________ as a skilled doctor. 【答案】reputation 【详解】句意：他作为一位技艺精湛的医生享有良好的声誉。首字母r提示，reputation意为“名誉；名声”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 2. The company decided to p______________ a new building for its headquarters. 【答案】purchase 【详解】句意：公司决定购买一栋新建筑作为总部。首字母p提示，purchase意为“购买”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 3. The sun e______________ from behind the clouds. 【答案】emerged 【详解】句意：太阳从云层后面出现了。首字母e提示，emerge意为“出现；浮现”，描述过去动作，用过去式emerged，来自Unit 1核心单词。 4. His speech c______________ a powerful message of hope. 【答案】conveyed 【详解】句意：他的演讲传达了充满希望的强大信息。首字母c提示，convey意为“表达；传递”，描述过去动作，用过去式conveyed，来自Unit 1核心单词。 5. The government must a______________ drugs to protect young people. 【答案】abuse 【详解】句意：政府必须禁止滥用毒品以保护年轻人。首字母a提示，abuse意为“滥用”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 6. The teacher used games to f______________ learning. 【答案】facilitate 【详解】句意：老师用游戏来促进学习。首字母f提示，facilitate意为“促进；促使”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 7. You need to d______________ yourself to achieve your goals. 【答案】discipline 【详解】句意：你需要自律来实现自己的目标。首字母d提示，discipline意为“自我控制；纪律”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 8. The sun's heat will m______________ the snow quickly. 【答案】melt 【详解】句意：太阳的热量会迅速融化雪。首字母m提示，melt意为“融化；熔化”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 9. The factory r______________ harmful gases into the air. 【答案】releases 【详解】句意：工厂向空气中排放有害气体。首字母r提示，release意为“排放；释放”，主语为第三人称单数，用releases，来自Unit 3核心单词。 10. The company will u______________ a major restructuring next year. 【答案】undergo 【详解】句意：公司明年将经历重大重组。首字母u提示，undergo意为“经历；经受”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 【汉语提示填空11-20题】 11. The ______________（原始的）tools were made of stone. 【答案】primitive 【详解】句意：这些原始的工具是用石头制成的。primitive意为“原始的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 12. The painting has a ______________（视觉的）impact that words cannot describe. 【答案】visual 【详解】句意：这幅画有一种言语无法描述的视觉冲击力。visual意为“视觉的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 13. He is a ______________（谦逊的）person despite his great achievements. 【答案】humble 【详解】句意：尽管取得了巨大成就，他仍然是一个谦逊的人。humble意为“谦逊的”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 14. The ______________（代表）from each country attended the meeting. 【答案】representative 【详解】句意：每个国家的代表都出席了会议。representative意为“代表”，来自Unit 1核心单词。 15. She is a ______________（专科医生）in heart disease. 【答案】specialist 【详解】句意：她是一位心脏病方面的专科医生。specialist意为“专科医生；专家”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 16. Regular exercise can ______________（增强）your immune system. 【答案】enhance 【详解】句意：定期锻炼可以增强你的免疫系统。enhance意为“提高；增强”，来自Unit 2核心单词。 17. The ______________（年度）report will be published next month. 【答案】annual 【详解】句意：年度报告将于下月发布。annual意为“每年的；一年的”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 18. We should respect the ______________（和谐的）relationship between humans and nature. 【答案】harmonious 【详解】句意：我们应该尊重人与自然之间的和谐关系。harmonious意为“和谐的”，来自Unit 3核心单词。 19. The ______________（候选人）gave an impressive speech. 【答案】candidate 【详解】句意：这位候选人发表了令人印象深刻的演讲。candidate意为“候选人”，来自Unit 4核心单词。 20. She is in a good ______________（情绪）today. 【答案】mood 【详解】句意：她今天心情很好。mood意为“情绪；心情”，来自Unit 5核心单词。 （三）写作翻译练习（共15题） 1. 简言之，这位画家的作品之所以与众不同，是因为他对色彩的独特运用。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In short, the painter's works are set apart from others because of his unique use of color. 【详解】“简言之”用in short，来自Unit 1核心短语；“使与众不同”用set apart from，来自Unit 1核心短语；“独特的”用unique。 2. 我们应当依靠可靠的来源获取信息，而不是盲目相信网上的每一句话。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should rely on reliable sources for information rather than blindly believing everything online. 【详解】“依靠”用rely on，来自Unit 2核心单词；“可靠的”用reliable，rely的形容词形式，来自Unit 2核心单词；“盲目相信”用blindly believing。 3. 这位科学家致力于寻找可持续的能源解决方案，以应对全球气候变化的挑战。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The scientist is committed to finding sustainable energy solutions to tackle the challenges of global climate change. 【详解】“致力于”用is committed to；“可持续的”用sustainable，来自Unit 3核心单词；“应对”用tackle。 4. 代表所有员工，我想感谢大家为这个项目的成功所做出的奉献。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On behalf of all the employees, I want to thank everyone for their dedication to the success of this project. 【详解】“代表”用on behalf of，来自Unit 3核心短语；“奉献”用dedication；“成功”用success。 5. 这部小说最初发表于19世纪，至今仍被视为美国文学的经典之作。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This novel was originally published in the 19th century and is still regarded as a classic of American literature. 【详解】“最初”用originally，origin的副词形式，来自Unit 3核心单词；“被视为”用regarded as，来自Unit 1核心短语；“经典之作”用classic。 6. 她对艺术有着真正的热情，她的每一幅画都生动地传达了她的情感。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】She has a genuine passion for art, and each of her paintings vividly conveys her emotions. 【详解】“真正的”用genuine，来自Unit 4核心单词；“热情”用passion；“生动地”用vividly；“传达”用conveys，来自Unit 1核心单词。 7. 尽管遭遇了许多挫折，他从未放弃，最终实现了自己成为一名外科医生的梦想。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite many setbacks, he never gave up and finally realized his dream of becoming a surgeon. 【详解】“尽管”用despite；“挫折”用setbacks；“放弃”用gave up；“外科医生”用surgeon，来自Unit 2阅读词汇。 8. 为了提高工作效率，公司决定采用灵活的工作时间政策。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】To improve work efficiency, the company decided to adopt a flexible working hours policy. 【详解】“为了提高”用to improve；“效率”用efficiency；“采用”用adopt；“灵活的”用flexible。 9. 这位诗人擅长用简单的语言表达复杂的情感，这使他在当代文学中独树一帜。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This poet is good at expressing complex emotions in simple language, which makes him unique in contemporary literature. 【详解】“复杂的”用complex，来自Unit 5核心单词；“表达”用expressing；“当代的”用contemporary，来自Unit 1核心单词。 10. 我们应该对不同的文化持开放态度，因为多样性是社会进步的重要动力。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We should keep an open mind towards different cultures, because diversity is an important driving force for social progress. 【详解】“持开放态度”用keep an open mind；“多样性”用diversity；“社会进步”用social progress。 11. 这位探险队在穿越沙漠时经历了难以想象的困难，但他们的毅力最终得到了回报。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The expedition team went through unimaginable difficulties while crossing the desert, but their perseverance was eventually rewarded. 【详解】“探险队”用expedition，来自Unit 4核心单词；“经历”用went through；“毅力”用perseverance，来自Unit 4核心单词；“得到回报”用was rewarded。 12. 环境问题的严重性要求政府立即采取有效措施，而不是纸上谈兵。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The severity of environmental problems requires the government to take effective measures immediately rather than just talking on paper. 【详解】“严重性”用severity；“采取措施”用take measures；“有效的”用effective；“立即”用immediately。 13. 这位导师在指导学生时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们提出自己的想法。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This mentor is very patient when guiding students and always encourages them to come up with their own ideas. 【详解】“导师”用mentor；“指导”用guiding；“耐心的”用patient；“提出”用come up with。 14. 我建议你每天花半小时进行户外运动，这不仅能让你放松身心、恢复精力，还能提高学习效率。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I suggest that you spend half an hour doing outdoor exercise every day, which can not only refresh your mind and body, but also improve your study efficiency. 【详解】“建议”用suggest，后接that从句；“进行户外运动”用do outdoor exercise；“恢复精力”用refresh，意为“使恢复精力；使焕然一新”；“提高效率”用improve efficiency。此句适用于建议信或倡议书类应用文写作。 15. 在准备这次重要演讲的过程中，我非常感谢我的导师给予我的宝贵指导和建议。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】During the preparation for this important speech, I am very grateful to my mentor for the valuable guidance and advice he/she gave me. 【详解】“在……过程中”用during the preparation for；“重要的”用important；“感谢”用be grateful to；“导师”用mentor；“宝贵的指导”用valuable guidance，guidance意为“指导；引导”，常与give/offer/provide搭配，表示提供指导。此句适用于感谢信或求助信类应用文写作。 $