上海市闵行中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级期末英语试卷

**基本信息** 该试卷以科技前沿（如AI对学术写作影响、卫星污染）、生态保护（意大利橄榄树拯救）等时代性情境为载体，通过语法填空、阅读、写作等多元题型，融合语言能力培养与思维品质提升，适配高二期末综合评估需求。 **题型特征** |题型|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----------|----------| |语法词汇（Section A/B）|时态、连词、词汇辨析|Section A以“降噪耳机与听力”科技话题考查语法逻辑，Section B“橄榄树拯救”生态主题检测词汇应用| |阅读理解（Section A/B/C）|科技影响、职场文化、管理科学|Section A“AI与学术写作”考查批判思维，Section C“卫星污染”七选五检测篇章逻辑| |概要写作|信息提炼与概括|“睡眠与创造力”主题融合科学阅读与语言浓缩能力| |翻译|日常场景与情感表达|涵盖家庭生活（投屏电影）、个人成长（设计师探索），体现文化意识| |应用文写作|情境表达|“校园学习地点”写作引导真实体验与逻辑组织，发展学习能力|

闵行中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级 期末英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Are Noise-cancelling Headphones Damaging our Hearing Skills? They are prized for making the morning rush hour more bearable. But noise-cancelling headphones have come under questioning after audiologists(听力专家) raised concerns that overuse might damage people's hearing skills. (1)_______the technology has clear benefits, some specialists suspect that constantly blocking background noise may have harmful consequences. Renee Almeida, an adult audiology clinical lead at Imperial College healthcare NHS trust, has seen an increase in adults coming to her clinic with hearing issues (2)_______ (ensure) that their hearing is fine. Actually, the problem is with their brain, not their ears. They might fail to locate where a sound is coming from, or follow a conversation on the train, in a bar or at a restaurant. The condition, (3)_______ (know) as auditory processing disorder(APD), is diagnosed in children, so the rise in adults with similar issues is a phenomenon (4)_______ is odd. Her instinct is that widespread use of noise-cancelling headphones (5 )_______ be the cause. "The brain is used to dealing with thousands of different sounds at the same time and it's always been able to figure out (6)_______ is and isn't worth listening to. If a dog barks outside, I recognise that it's a dog barking and I don't really care,"she says."With noise cancelling, you're giving your brain only one source of sound, which means there's (7) _______ else for your brain to worry about."For adults, it could make their brains lazy, just as muscles weaken (8) _______ exercise. Still, there is no scientific evidence that noise-cancelling headphones cause APD. Nor is there any convincing data showing a rise in the condition. Harvey Dillon, a professor of auditory science at the University of Manchester, (9)_______ (caution) that loud music can damage neurons in the hearing system."It may be that listening to loud music is the cause of the hearing processing problem, not the noise-cancelling feature,"he says."(10) _______ this is true, noise cancelling could be beneficial, because it allows one to listen to music without background distractions. And they can listen at a lower level." Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A.accused B.critical C.effectively D.identity E.lifeless F. racing G.restore H. recognized I.starving J. unjustly K.varieties Saving Italy's Olive Trees In early 2016, Giovanni Melcarne walked through Italy's countryside, faced with a landscape of destruction. Olive trees, once lively symbols of the country, now wore an unnatural greyness. At least 2 million olive trees in Italy had fallen to Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium likely introduced from Costa Rica. Infecting one-third of Italy's 60 million olive trees which was 11 to 12% of global olive oil production, the disease left infected trees destined to die within years. The bacterium's spread, quickened by insects, was dangerous. When the insects bit, Xylella attacked the tree. Then the bacteria multiplied, formed a gel(凝胶), and finally blocked water and nutrient flow, slowly 12 the tree. By 2016, the disease had been 13 across Italy. In this disaster, Melcarne discovered a light of hope. A farmer showed him an ancient tree. Its trunk, mostly 14 , surprisingly hosted a grafted olive branch. Grafing is a traditional technique where a branch is inserted into another tree, and this encouraged Melcarne, who decided to give it a try. However, progress faced problems. Efforts to fight Xylella were weakened by conspiracy theories(阴谋论). Many locals 15 scientists of encouraging and selling genetically changed seeds. In 2015, some researchers were 16 investigated, though charges were later dropped. Not discouraged, Melcarne partnered with researchers. In 2016, he invested his life savings---130,000 euros--- grafting 14 hectares(亩) of trees, testing disease-resistant 17 . Success emerged. Melcarne grafted 2,600 ancient trees, with 70% surviving. Yet grafting alone won’t 18 every tree. Saving Italy's olive trees demands a systematic long-term strategy. After years of effort, the government 19 their work, co-funding a 2-million-euro project. Today, Melcame searches for wild Italy olives, aiming to replant infected olive farms.While not every tree can be saved, his mission offers vital hope to save Italy's olive trees, essential for the country's culture and economy. "If we don't try to save at least some of the oldest olive trees," Meclcarne asks,"what 20 will be left for this country?" III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Marc Watkins, a professor of the University of Mississippi's department of writing, is sitting in the office, staring at a student's perfect paper. His mouse hovers(悬停) over the 'check for copying' button, asking: Did this argument come from late-night research---or materialize in a ChatGPT direction? For 21 , the emergence of AI tools has caused an influential identity crisis, shaking the foundations of traditional academic practices. In today's classrooms, students increasingly rely on AI to craft essays and complete assignments, posing a trouble for educators: how to 22 academic work when the boundary between human effort and AI-generated content becomes unclear? How to defend the integrity of writing instruction in an era when tools like ChatGPT can produce finished articles in seconds? This 23 strikes at the core of educational objectives. Writing courses, once centered on cultivating critical thinking and drafting skills, now face a(n) 24 . On one hand, students submit perfect texts without experiencing the struggle of creation and revision. For example, some 25 brainstorming and editing, letting AI generate final papers. This robs them of the learning journey-understanding argument construction, grammar structures, and creative expression. Professors now play two roles: not just guiding intellectual growth, but also 26 AI use, a task that distracts energy from meaningful teaching. On the other hand, within this challenge lies an opportunity for reflection. Many educators emphasize the 27 value of structured academic activities-courses prioritizing peer reviews, critical writing, and analytical discussions cultivate skills AI cannot copy. Education should empower students to "learn through structured assignments," where 28 like researching, debating, and revising build deeper understanding. These steps don't just produce written work---they 29 critical thinking and reasonable communication, essential in any academic or professional setting. Moreover, a 30 of educational goals is also invited. Rather than resisting AI, professors can integrate it into curricula as a learning tool. Teaching students to 31 engage with AI---analyzing its preferences, double-checking the facts, and using it responsibly---becomes part of digital literacy. For instance, "AI literacy" workshops could teach students to treat AI as an additional resource, not a(n) 32 for their own thinking. This approach transforms AI from a 33 into an assistant, preparing students for a tech-driven world. The AI identity crisis calls professors back to education's essence: nurturing human intellect. While AI reshapes teaching methods, the mission to develop analytical minds, ethical judgment, and creative problem-solving 34 . Professors must 35 , using this moment not just to address challenges, but to strengthen the unique value of human-centered learning. 21.A.professors B.students C. parents D.technicians 22. A. design B.teach C. assess D. finish 23. A. work B.crisis C.instruction D.improvement 24. A. evolution B. contradiction C.construction D. opposition 25. A. pass by B. focus on C.set out D. object to 26. A. studying B.developing C. abandoning D.identifying 27. A. predictable B.emotional C.irreplaceable D.overestimated 28. A. outcomes B.subjects C. processes D. professions 29.A.polish B.limit C. evaluate D.challenge 30.A.creation B.redefinition C.prioritization D.simplification 31.A.passively B.openly C.critically D.regularly 32.A.improvement B.aid C. reference D.replacement 33.A.threat B. consultant C. program D.specialist 34.A.ends B. endures C.starts D.changes 35.A.retire B.adapt C.listen D.explain Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Congratulations on joining our internship(实习) programme. For most of you this is your first experience of the workplace, and with that in mind we have prepared a guide to office manners. Other chapters cover what to wear(more), when to use emojis (less) and when to speak in meetings (it depends). The first chapter is on lifts. As a way of understanding what it's like to be at work, it's an ideal place to start. Here are a few basic tips. When people are waiting for a lift, someone will stand right in front of the doors, so close that their breath mists the metal. In the lift that is going down towards them, someone else will be standing as close as possible to their set of doors. When the doors open, these two individuals will be completely shocked by the closeness of the other. They will then perform an elaborate little dance of not bumping into others before moving out of the way. You should always stand well back and let people out first. Deciding whether to start a conversation in a lift depends on three factors: familiarity, fullness and floor. If you are in a lift with someone you don't know, it's very simple: say nothing, smile thinly and then look fixedly at the ceiling. If you get in with someone you work with and know well, chat. But when there are others, do not say something like "Isn't Keith amazingly short?" when Keith's friends might be in there with you. Or, buried deep among the crowd, Keith. If you get in a lift with someone you know just a little, you are in very tricky territory. You must adapt conversation to the length of the journey. If you have just two floors left, do not ask for their views on human destiny. (Actually, no matter what the circumstances, don't ask for their views on human destiny.) So, starters. Let the lift be your first step into the strangeness of adulthood. Fear no one remembers you? Just press the emergency stop button---it's the only assured way to make everyone in the office remember your name. 36. What does the phrase “an elaborate little dance" in paragraph 2 refer to? A. A formal exchange between colleagues. B. An awkward movement to get on or off the lift. C. A regular practice when meeting a workmate. D. A performance to entertain people in the lift. 37. According to the passage, you are recommended to___ A.start a conversation with anyone in the lift B.avoid making comments on workmates in the lift C.talk about a serious topic in the life D.speak nothing when the lift is full 38. We can imply from the last paragraph that____ A.interns should not seek attention through troublesome behaviors B.pressing the stop button is a practical strategy for safety C.interns can fit into a team through creative ways like stopping the lift D. it's necessary for interns to learn how to deal with emergencies 39. What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To inform interns of the advantages of taking a lift. B.To warn interns about the dark side of the workplace. C.To explain workplace culture through lift experiences. D. To encourage interns to network in lifts. (B) You tell us Write to us! Send your art stories (letter or email) to the addresses below: Post:Your Letters, Artists & illustrators, Chelsea Magazine Company Ltd, Telegraph Media Group, 111 Buckingham Palace Road, London SWIW ODT Email: Info@artistsandillustrators.co.uk ATLANTIS ART MATERIALS The writer of our "Message of the Month" will receive a £50 gift ticket to spend with Atlantis Art, the UK's largest art materials store. atlantisart.co.uk Mary I love my monthly inspiration in reading Artists & Illustrators. It's a delight to read about various artists as well as discovering different styles and techniques. Artists & Illustrators has a special place in my heart. Two years ago, when my then 15-year-old son was inspired by the article How I Draw by Curtis Holder in the June 2025 issue, he picked Curtis Holder as the artist to study for his undergraduate paper. We continue to be inspired by him. Smith I only discovered Artists & Illustrators last year. I was immediately-impressed by the wealth of advice and information and now have it regularly delivered every month. In one of its issues, I read about the Chauvet Cave in France. Inspired by that, I made a visit there and was completely astonished by the prehistoric artists' technical abilities and basic equipment. This visit inspired me to complete this picture. Susan As an artist, I spend many hours trying to fill my work with emotion. This can be a very lonely and intense process, so feeling part of a community of like-minded artists and creatives in Artists & Illustrators is inspiringly invaluable to me. 40. What can we know about the three readers in the passage? A. All of them have been inspired and impacted by Artists & Illustrators. B. All of them have subscribed to Artists & Illustrators for many years. C Both Mary and Smith are working on an undergraduate paper on Curtis Holder. D. Susan enjoys creating art in the community park to overcome loneliness. 41. According to the passage, one can write to Artists & Illustrators to___ A.get the latest issue of Artists & Illustrators B. share his/her recent travelling experience C. get a £50 gift ticket for a large art material store. D. meet the writer of "Message of the Month" 42. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the history of Artists & Illustrators. B. To persuade readers to buy art works. C.To teach professional painting techniques. D. To present and collect readers' stories. (C) The management chair's irresistible pull is getting stronger. Video calls are so popular that managers can see employees around the world without leaving their armchair. Real-time data on computer screens can keep bosses informed about the business without having to stand up. However, this is making managers disconnected from their teams. The solution has a name: management by wandering-or walking-around (MBWA). Tom Peters, a management expert, popularized the idea in the 1980s in "In Search of Excellence", who argued that managers should go to see the places and people where the real work gets done. One reason is that most employees like attention. In a study led by Pablo Casas from Arizona State University, it was found that managers' visits were associated with a boost to sales productivity, which started to show up even before the day itself! But these improvements only lasted for weeks. One explanation is that it was a lot less inspiring when staff could see the manager all the time. The benefit of MBWA comes not from how regularly managers inspect the workplace like kings or queens, but from visits to the front line to identify and solve problems. Toyota is well-known for its norm of genchi genbutsu (go and see for yourself), which encourages managers to investigate manufacturing problems in person. Toyota managers routinely undertake real place walks to see assembly lines(流水线) for themselves and to drive home the firm's philosophy of kaizen (continuous improvement). However, wandering bosses do not always lead to good results. A paper published in 2023 by Anita Tucker of Boston University and Sara Singer of Stanford University examined the practice of an MBWA programme at 19 American hospitals. They found that in hospitals where senior managers toured the front lines providing ideas for improvement, nurses on average felt that performance had actually become worse. The authors assume that the problems came from raised expectations: bosses asked people to identify problems and then did not do enough to actually address them. Where nurses' performance did improve, it was because hospitals concentrated on easier-to-solve problems and because managers there took responsibility for making sure that issues were dealt with. Wandering around, in other words, demands discipline. In an era of video calls and data analytics, there is still no substitute for shoes. 43. What can be concluded from the first paragraph? A. Managers don't leave their chairs because they are too busy. B. Managers are always afraid of missing key data. C. Managers can efficiently run the company through video calls. D. Management on seats has caused a big problem. 44. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE about MBWA? A.MBWA was first popularized by Pablo Casas in the 1980s. B.Managers should see the realities of the workplace. C.Managers should visit the front line as regularly as possible. D. MBWA has only short-term motivating effects. 45. MBWA at some American hospitals did not work because___ A. The managers failed to address the problems. B. The managers did not identify true problems. C. No improvement suggestions were provided. D. MBWA does not fit the hospitals' management culture. 46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Celebrating Desk Management B. Why MBWA Fails C. Leaving the Seat of Power D. How to Enhance Motivation Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A.Technical innovations offer potential ways to reduce atmosphere pollution. B.But his "designed destruction”has an unexpected side effect. C.Human-made space pieces are different from natural cosmic dust. D.However, these booming satellites bring unexpected problems. E.With growing numbers of satellites, finding solutions seems to be a mission impossible. F.Others suggest satellite launching networks should be shared between countries to lower overall launches. Satellites are Polluting the Sky SpaceX's Starlink has already launched over 4,000 operational satellites. This number is expected to reach around 12,000 by 2027. The EU's Copernicus program maintains seven satellites for environmental monitoring every year. For better communication and other services, countless satellites are sent into space. 47 In January, over 100 communications satellites were purposefully burned up in Earth's atmosphere. This was done to prevent orbital jam and uncontrolled crashes. 48 When satellites are burned, they release particles(颗粒) of metals into the atmosphere. These substances could alter the atmosphere's chemistry. Daniel Murphy, an atmospheric scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), warned that we're “adding harmful materials in growing amounts". 49 For example, smaller satellites can be developed to limit the amount of metal released during re-entry. Researchers also propose using other materials like carbon fiber or wood to replace metal components on the satellites. However, these substitutes have drawbacks. Burning wooden satellites traps heat and affects climate patterns. Stricter regulations and global cooperation are essential. Some researchers argue that the lifetime of satellites should be extended in order to avoid the need for so many future launches. 50 IV. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Sleeping makes Idea Work? Here's what Science says Have you ever wondered if sleeping can lead to creative breakthroughs? Inventors like Thomas Edison and artists such as Salvador Dali believed so. Now, science is starting to back them up. Scientists have found that humans go through two stages during their sleep. The first stage of sleep, called N1 or hypnagogia, only lasts 1-7 minutes. It's a border between sleeping and waking, where we have vivid, dream-like thoughts that mix with our recent experiences. Brain studies show that during N1, parts of the brain linked to free thinking are active, which are important for creativity. A 2023 study found that when assigned a math problem, people who spent just 15 seconds in N1 were three times more likely to solve the problem with a creative insight than those who stayed awake or slept deeper. Similarly, another experiment used a sound to tell people to"think of a tree” when they were sleeping.The group that was woken up during N1 stage did 48% better on creativity tasks like thinking of uses for a tree This highlights N1's unique role in stimulating innovation through its mixing state of relaxed focus. Scientists say different sleep stages might help different kinds of thinking, and the lines between stages aren't perfect. But for everyday use, experts suggest that after waking from a nap or sleep, don't get up immediately. Instead,close your eyes and try to remember your dreams, the sounds you heard, or the images you saw. This lets the brain's "sleep chemistry"stay a bit longer, helping you explore new ideas. In short, the time between being awake and asleep is more than just rest--- it could be a door to creativity. Science is now proving what Edison and Dali seemed to know: sleep can help us see things in new ways. V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52.施工噪音响了好几天，实在讨厌。(persist) 53.我把手机里的电影投屏到电视，全家看得其乐融融。(project) 54.这位设计师一步一个脚印地探索，她独特的作品赢得了消费者的喜爱。(Thanks to) 55.张阿姨的日记弥补了儿子早年的记忆缺失，记录了一个生命是如何发展的。(witness) VI. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56.假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近你校英语报发起了主题为“My favorite place to study on campus”的征文，你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括： (1)你最喜欢在校园的哪个地方学习； (2)你为什么喜欢在这个地方学习。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $