UNIT 6 Disaster and hope-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（外研版）

该高中英语讲义围绕必修第三册Unit 6自然灾害主题，整合阅读词汇、多义单词、核心句型及高考新增词汇，按“必备清单-考点突破-迁移应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过构词法梳理（如-ion词缀）、真题例句解析（如2023浙江卷occur用法）、分层练习设计，帮助学生系统掌握词汇语法，突破高考难点。 讲义突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新“写美微写作”活动（如用过去分词作定语仿写句子），结合读后续写动作描写（如“bury one’s head”等头部动作语块）。设置“课时跟踪检测”含阅读、完形、语法填空真题训练，保障复习效果，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰指导。

　　1.An exceptionally strong hurricane occurred yesterday， 2.causing （cause） significant damage to people’s properties．It’s 3.announced （announce） that a number of lives 4.have been claimed （claim） by the disaster．People who survived the disaster had nowhere 5.to go （go）．Drinking water was hard to get and there was no sufficient food．The government 6.immediately （immediate） took action and sent reliable 7.helicopters （helicopter） to rescue the trapped people．Otherwise they 8.would have starved （starve） to death．At midnight， mosquitos circled the shelter and bit precisely at people’s laps．People’s lives and property are still 9.under threat， because no one knows 10.whether the hurricane will keep on striking the area again． 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认 1.the Tube （伦敦的）地下铁道，地铁 2.typhoon n．　　台风 3.landslide n．　　山崩，滑坡 4.tsunami n．　　海啸 5.blizzard n．　　暴风雪 6.avalanche n．　　雪崩 7.satellite n．　　人造卫星 8.hurricane n．　　飓风 9.billion num．　　十亿 10.mosquito n．　　蚊子 11.the Big Dipper　　北斗七星 12.the Little Dipper 　　小北斗七星 13.the Milky Way　　银河 14.county n．　　（美国等国家的）县；（英国的）郡 Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨 1.plus adj．　　（用于数字后面表示）多，余； （用于记分系统）加（用于等级后，表示略高）；有利的，好的 n．　　优势，长处 prep．　　加，另有 conj．　　并且，而且 2.tube n．　　管子；试管；地铁 3.lap n．　　（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道）一圈 4.claim v．　　声称，宣称；要求，索要，认领（失物）；获得，赢得；（战争、事故等）夺去（生命） 5.shelter n．　　庇护，掩蔽；避难所 v．　　掩蔽，保护，为……提供避难所；躲避，避难 Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写 1.disaster n．灾难，灾祸 2.forecast v．　　预测，预报 3.grab v．　　攫取，抓住 4.rescue n．& v．　　营救，解救 5.emergency n．　　紧急情况，不测事件 6.crisis n．（pl．crises）　　危机 7.nowhere adv．　　什么地方都不，无处 8.otherwise adv．　　否则，要不然 9.helicopter n．　　直升机 10.midnight n．　　子夜，午夜 11.property n．　　所有物，资产，财产 Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓 1.erupt v．（火山）爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发，喷发 2.occur v．发生；出现；（想法、念头等）想起，浮现→occurrence n．发生；发生的事情 3.announcement n．通告，公告→announce v．宣告→announcer n．广播员；解说员 4.reliable adj．可信赖的，可靠的→unreliable adj．不可靠的；靠不住的→rely vi．依靠 5.threaten v．威胁到，危及→threat n．威胁；可能会带来威胁的人（事）→threatening adj．威胁（性）的，恐吓的 6.immediately adv．即刻，马上conj．一……就……→immediate adj．立刻的 7.exceptionally adv．极其，非常→exceptional adj．杰出的，卓越的；特别的→exception n．例外→except prep．除……外 8.precisely adv．精确地，准确地→precise adj．精确的，准确的 9.sufficient adj．足够的，充足的→sufficiently adv．足够地，充足地 Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记 1.pick up 　　　　　　拿起，拾起；接电话；（偶然）学会；（开车）接人 2.sure enough 　　果然 3.compared to/with 　　与……相比 4.a crowd of 　　一大群 5.make it to some place　　（及时）到达/准时到达某地 6.reflect off 　　反射 7.look through 　　快速查看，浏览 8.fly off 　　突然飞走 9.after all 　　毕竟，终究 10.leave out 　　遗漏，不包括 11.head for 　　朝……前进，向……去 12.consist of 　　包含，包括；由……组成 13.all of a sudden 　　突然，忽然 14.look out for 　　注意查看，留心 15.in the open air 　　在户外，在露天的地方 16.have yet to 　　还没有 Ⅵ．单元佳句——我会用 1.One very hot summer，the sun reflected off it and melted cars parked below!（过去分词作定语） 有一年夏天非常热，大楼表面反射的阳光竟然熔化了停在楼下的车! 2.Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth， perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space ．．．（now that引导原因状语从句） 既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移居太空了…… 3.I was sitting in my room with my cat， Smartie， on my lap， when the roof just flew off．（be doing sth when） 当时我正坐在自己房间里，我的猫斯玛蒂趴在我的腿上，突然屋顶就飞走了。 4.He had disappeared the moment the storm hit．（the moment引导时间状语从句） 风暴袭来的那一刻它就失踪了。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 名词词缀－ion表示“行为，状态，结果，动作” 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.The store offers a wide selection of organic vegetables．　n．选择 2.He raised an objection to the plan because it was too expensive．　n．反对 3.It is said that the factory will undergo a strict safety inspection next week．　n．检查 4.The doctor gave her an injection in order to reduce the pain．　n．注射 5.Advanced technology has improved the detection of diseases like cancer．　n．检测 6.She received a formal invitation to attend the international conference．　n．邀请 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.humorous adj．幽默的；风趣的；诙谐的 ①a humorous person幽默的人 ②a humorous tone/style/language 　　幽默的语气/风格/语言 ③a humorous story/account/anecdote 　　幽默的故事/叙述/轶事 During medical visits， she would tell patients humorous stories to comfort them． 在出诊期间，她会给病人讲幽默的故事安慰他们。 2.hybrid adj．混合的；杂交的 n．杂种；混合物 ①hybrid rice杂交水稻 ②hybrid system　　混合系统 ③hybrid car/vehicle　　混合动力汽车 ④hybrid approach　　混合方法 The rising popularity of hybrid vehicles， which combine electric motors with traditional engines， reflects growing environmental awareness among consumers． 混合动力汽车日益普及——它将电动机与传统发动机相结合，反映了消费者环保意识的增强。 3.ingredient n．组成部分；配料；食材；成分；原料 ①natural ingredients　　天然成分 ②list of ingredients　　配料表 ③active ingredients　　有效成分 ④major/minor ingredients　　主要/次要成分 （2025•全国二卷） All the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving． 所有使用的食材都是肉类部位和农产品的典型例子，这些是大多数餐厅根本不会考虑的食材。 核心知识 点面突破 occur vi．发生；出现；（想法、念头等）想起，浮现 练通 单句语法填空 ①It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked when I was away from home． ②It occurred to me to go （go） to attend a meeting when I was about to go home． ③Frequent occurrences （occur） of natural disasters in recent years have caused great losses． 写美 一句多译 ④当我走到长满黑莓的小路上时，我想起了与蜂鸟的往事。　（2023•1月浙江卷） →Memories with the hummingbird occurred to me when I walked to the blackberry－lined path．（occur） →Memories with the hummingbird struck me when I walked to the blackberry－lined path．（strike） （1）sth occurs/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事；某人发生某事 It occurs/occurred to sb that ．．．/to do ．．．　　某人突然想起…… （2）occurrence n．　　出现；发生；事件 佳句 ①It occurred to me that the horses we were riding might know the way home and I smiled through tears．　（心理描写） 我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路，我破涕为笑。 ②That night a terrible storm occurred， with the wind blowing and beating the house．　（天气描写） 那天晚上下了一场可怕的暴风雨，狂风拍打着房子。 联想 表示“某人突然想起某事”的句式还有sth strikes/hits sb， sb hits/strikes on sth， sth comes to sb， sth comes into one’s mind等。 announcement n．通告，公告 练通 单句语法填空 ①The airline announced to the media that the flight had yet to take off because of the blizzard and avalanche． ②It is announced （announce） that the newly－built group learning room has been open to teachers and students． 写美 微写作 ③请注意!我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片Growing Together将于今晚7点半在学校大厅上映。　（通知） Attention， please!I have an announcement to make．An English short film， called Growing Together， will be shown in the school hall at 7：30 pm today． （1）make an announcement　 发布宣告或通知 an official announcement　　官方公告 （2）announce vt．　　宣布；宣称；通知 announce sth to sb=announce to sb sth　　向某人宣布某事 It is/was announced that ．．．　　据宣布…… be announced as ．．．　　被宣布为…… 佳句 The school will make an announcement tomorrow morning regarding the upcoming sports meeting． 学校将于明天早上就即将到来的运动会发布公告。 点津 announce后不接双宾语，常用于announce sth to sb结构。 claim v．（战争、事故等）夺去（生命）；声称；认领；索赔 n．要求；主张；索赔 练通 单句语法填空 ①Doctors claimed to have discovered （discover） a cure for the disease after years of research． 写美 微写作 ②据称，幽默不仅影响患者的情绪，而且有助于他们更快地康复。　（发言稿） It is claimed that humour not only affects patients’ moods， but also helps them recover faster． claim to do sth声称/主张做某事 claim to have done sth　　声称做过某事 claim that ．．．　　声称…… It is claimed that ．．．　　有人主张……；据说…… 佳句 Earthquakes have claimed more than 1.6 million lives in the last hundred years．　（自然灾害） 过去一百年间，地震已夺走了超过160万人的生命。 consist of 由……组成 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2022•6月浙江卷）Recently， a newly－furnished section， consisting （consist） of eight Group Learning Rooms， has been open to us students in our school library． ②Only when our words are consistent with our actions can we make a difference in our lives． 写美同 义句转换 ③Bear in mind that life is made up of not only sunshine but also storms．　（主旨升华） →Bear in mind that life consists of not only sunshine but also storms． （1）consist in在于，存在于 consist with　　与……一致/相吻合 （2）consistent adj．　　相容的；一致的 be consistent with　　和……一致/相符 佳句 Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle．生活主要由幸福和悲伤组成，而幸福和悲伤存在于奋斗之中。 点津 consist of， belong to， come into being， date back to， date from等都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 联想 表示“由……组成”的其他短语 be made up of 　be composed of　be comprised of 句型公式：过去分词（短语）作定语 教材原句：One very hot summer， the sun reflected off it and melted cars parked below! 有一年夏天非常热，大楼表面反射的阳光竟然熔化了停在楼下的车! 写美 微写作 ①音乐节由两部分组成，将使我们更多地了解中国民间音乐。　（邀请信） The music festival， made up of two parts， will enable us to know more about Chinese folk music． ②我们躺在草地上，凝视着被闪烁的星星点缀的夜空。　（动作＋环境描写） We lay on the grass，staring at the night sky spotted with twinkling stars． ③我写信是想请求您帮助我们的英语短剧，该剧改编自我们的英语教材。　（求助信） I’m writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from our English textbook． （1）单个过去分词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰不定代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后。 （2）过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句。 （3）不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。 佳句①The museum， designed by a famous architect and completed last year， attracts thousands of visitors every day． 这个博物馆，由一位著名建筑师设计并于去年竣工，每天吸引数以千计的游客。 ②The problem discussed at the meeting needs to be solved as soon as possible． 会议上讨论过的这个问题需要尽快解决。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.shelter n．居所；避难所v．保护 ①Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for animals．　n．居所 ②People planted many trees in this area to shelter it from strong sandstorms．　v．保护 ③（2023•1月浙江卷）Over the past few years， many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators， resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction．　n．避难所 2.In my first P．E．class， the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball．　n．（跑道等的）一圈 3.Mobile phones are small and useful．Plus they are cheaper than before．　conj．并且，而且 4.As a botanist， he takes notes on the properties of any plant he encounters．　n．特性，特征 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.The news that more than 80 tourists were rescued from the landslide site yesterday has been confirmed． 2.The attacker threatened the people with a gun， and everyone in the crowd was scared． 3.A good idea suddenly occurred to me that I could use the money to help the poor child． 4.It was announced （announce） that the groups had agreed to a ceasefire． 5.My English teacher looked through my homework and pointed out some mistakes． 6.The teacher asked the students to look out for spelling mistakes in their compositions． 7.那些被选入全国竞赛的学生最近正忙着准备项目。 The students selected for the national competition are busy preparing their projects these days． 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.All of a sudden， a man came forward， unaware of the embarrassment of the manager in charge of the project． 2.I didn’t take your advice， otherwise/or my efforts wouldn’t have ended in failure． 3.My reliable （rely） friend made every attempt to help me whenever I was trapped in difficulties． 4.She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks． 5.我们遇上了暴风雨，没有地方躲雨。 We were caught in a storm， with nowhere to shelter． 　应用文增分练——如何应对自然灾害 　　假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“How to deal with natural disaster？”的分享与交流活动。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 　　（1）具体做法； 　　（2）你的感想。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.洪水、火山爆发、地震和海啸等自然灾害随时可能发生。（disaster， eruption， tsunami， occur） Natural disasters， such as floods， volcanic eruptions， earthquakes and tsunamis， can occur at any time． 2.我们应该通过阅读自然灾害预防书籍来掌握丰富的自然灾害知识。（look through） We should master rich knowledge of natural disasters by looking through books about natural disaster prevention． 3.当自然灾害真的发生时，我们应该保护我们的生命和财产，确保我们有足够的食物、水、药品等。（property，分词短语作状语，sufficient） When natural disasters really occur， we should protect our lives and property， making sure we have sufficient food， water， medicine and so on． 4.我们应该保持冷静，努力拯救自己，去营救别人。（rescue） We should keep calm and try to save ourselves and go to rescue others． 5.只有这样，我们才能最终战胜自然灾害。（“only＋状语”位于句首的倒装） Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end． 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 　　Hello， everyone!Natural disasters， such as floods， volcanic eruptions， earthquakes and tsunamis， can occur at any time．First of all， we should master rich knowledge of natural disasters by looking through books about natural disaster prevention．Secondly， when natural disasters really occur， we should protect our lives and property， making sure we have sufficient food， water， medicine and so on．Besides， we should keep calm and try to save ourselves and go to rescue others． 　　Only in this way can we defeat natural disasters in the end． 　　Thank you! 　读后续写微技能——地震惊魂中的白衣天使 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 佳句积累 情感描写：1.Looking through my newspaper， I’m shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town． 2.Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart， I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face． 3.All of a sudden， there was sky where the roof had been．I was so frightened that I just froze． 主旨升华：Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans， their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on． 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 动作描写：“头部”动作 靓点语块 1.scratch one’s head挠头 2.drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one’s head低头 3.rest one’s head on/against ．．．把头靠在……上面 4.put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头 出彩表达 1.When he got home， he buried his head under the quilt， pretending to be asleep． 他回到家， 把头埋在被子里， 假装睡着了。 2.Her mother stopped her housework， raising her head with worry in her eyes．（动词－ing短语作状语） 她的母亲停下了家务活， 抬起头， 眼里流露出忧虑。 3.I rose to my feet， sat close to my mother， rested my head on her shoulder and couldn’t help weeping．　（动词的联动） 我站起身来， 坐在母亲身边， 把头靠在她的肩膀上， 忍不住哭了起来。 4.I walked slowly to the bus， my head down， tears in my eyes．（独立主格结构） 我慢慢地向公共汽车走去， 低着头， 眼里含着泪水。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：作为一名护士， “我”在白天上班时遭遇了一场地震，“我”安抚病人并等待救援人员的到来。 　　I， a nurse， was on day duty when suddenly a tray fell off the table．I scratched my head， 1.wondering what was happening （想知道发生了什么；动词－ing短语作状语）．Then it occurred to me that it was an earthquake．Some patients screamed in terror and headed for the exit．Although I was scared to death， I grabbed my loudspeaker， 2.telling them to bury their heads in their hands （告诉他们用手护住头；动词－ing短语作状语） and crouch under the bed．Then under the bed I held a boy in my arms and he 3.rested his head against my shoulder （把头靠在我的肩膀上）， tears in his eyes．Soon the earthquake stopped and the rescuers came to our rescue and 4.shelter us from further injuries （保护我们免受进一步的伤害）．Thank goodness! 5.The threatening earthquake didn’t claim any death （这场威胁性的地震没有造成任何人员伤亡；无生命名词作主语） and we sighed in relief． Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•江苏苏州模拟）Four days after Hurricane Ida made landfall， the New Orleans meteorologist （气象学家） Margaret Orr took a break after twelve hours on the air to reply to some of her fans on Twitter．Orr， who has been reporting the weather for forty－two years， is regarded by many residents as a prophet （预言家）．Someone asked why the sun always shines before a storm： “And I said， to remind us that the sun will shine again．But I don’t want the sun emoji．” She used a heart instead．The real reason the sun shines before a storm？ “Because you’ve often got high pressure right over you， and it’s hot，” she said．“The high moves off to the east and pushes the system our way．” 　　Many of her workmates were sleeping at the station， but Orr preferred to go home， where she had running water but no electricity．She could handle not having an air－conditioner．The trick， she said， was to take a cold shower．Not having Internet， though， was a hardship．She said， “I couldn’t check my social media until I got to work， which was annoying．” In the days leading up to Ida， people contacted Orr through Twitter to get individualized， practical advice．Orr tried to respond to everyone．This dedication earned her great respect from the residents． 　　Orr has always been fascinated by weather．In 1965， when she was twelve years old， the wind from Hurricane Betsy blew the roof off her family’s house in New Orleans．She remembers going outside and standing in the eye of the storm．“I looked up and saw the sky and saw the stars，” she said． 　　“Bad weather happens everywhere，” she said， “Every now and then， on Twitter， you’ll see people saying， why do you live there？ Well， I live here because it’s my home．This is where I grew up．This is the place I love．” She went on， “After Hurricane Katrina， I thought， could I live anywhere else？ And I decided， no， I couldn’t．” She added， “As my daughter said about New Orleans when she was a little girl， ‘I even love the dirt．’” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了气象学家Margaret Orr在飓风艾达来袭期间坚守岗位，为民众提供专业且鼓舞人心的天气解读，赢得广泛尊重，尽管家乡常受自然灾害侵袭，她依然选择留守，因为这里是她的家园和成长之地。 1.Orr’s explanation about sunshine before a storm can be described as 　　　　．（　　） A．poetic but abstract B．scientific but tricky C．encouraging and professional D．strange and inaccurate 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中Orr的话可知，Orr首先表示阳光象征希望，然后用专业气象术语解释现象，她的解释既饱含鼓励，又很专业。 2.Why did Orr find the lack of Internet at home a “hardship”？（　　） A．She couldn’t access weather data for forecasts． B．She was unable to respond to people’s questions． C．She needed online resources for air－conditioning． D．She missed watching news about the hurricane． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中Not having Internet， ．．． people contacted Orr through Twitter to get individualized， practical advice．可知，Orr认为家里没有互联网是一种“困难”，是因为她无法回答别人的问题。 3.What childhood experience sparked Orr’s fascination with weather？（　　） A．Watching weather reports on television． B．Reading books about hurricanes at school． C．Seeing the stars in the eye of Hurricane Betsy． D．Helping neighbors rebuild after Hurricane Betsy． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，童年时在飓风眼中看到星星的经历激发了Orr对天气的迷恋。 4.What message does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？（　　） A．Natural disasters are a common threat all over the world． B．People online don’t understand her deep love for her home． C．She decided to stay mainly because of her daughter’s opinion． D．Emotional attachment is what ties people to their hometown． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管新奥尔良常受自然灾害侵袭，Orr依然选择留守，因为这里是她的家园和成长之地，承载着她深厚的情感归属。由此推知，情感依恋是把人们与家乡联系在一起的东西。 B 　　（2026•山东聊城二模）One wet November evening in the late 1960s， a married couple named Maurice and Maralyn Bailey — he a hot－metal typesetter， she a tax officer — hit on the idea of escaping their dull， suburban lives by sailing to New Zealand．With the proceeds from the sale of their Derby bungalow， they bought a 31－foot Bermuda boat， which they named Auralyn （a combination of their names）．They finally set sail across the Atlantic in June 1972 — having decided against buying a radio transmitter （信号发射机）， as Maurice wanted to sail “by his wits and the stars”． 　　All went well for the first nine months， but then one morning， 300 miles east of the Galápagos， a 40－foot whale rose up under their boat， and cracked a hole in its hull．As Sophie Elmhirst relates in her “superb” debut， Maurice and Maralyn， the couple grabbed a few essentials and climbed onto an inflatable raft （充气筏） from which they watched Auralyn being “silently swallowed”．On this inadequate vessel — too small for either of them to lie down in — they would spend the next 117 days． 　　At the heart of Maurice and Maralyn is an “astonishing” tale of endurance．Once the couple’s food ran out， they survived in the raft by eating raw sea turtles and small sharks， caught with a fishing rod made from safety pins and cord．Dysentery （痢疾）， dehydration and near－starvation followed．While Maurice， a “glass－half－empty type of man”， quietly resigned himself to dying， Maralyn remained optimistic， which sparked Maurice’s will to live．The couple were eventually picked up by a South Korean ship passing by． 　　Along with its “man－versus－the－elements survival aspect”， Elmhirst’s book is “also a love story”， said Francesca Angelini in The Sunday Times．She traces the couple’s marriage — both how it led them into their Pacific adventure， and how it was changed by what they went through．It’s a remarkable story that had been all but forgotten． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要评论了有关莫里斯和玛丽莲•贝利夫妇航海遇险及靠生存技能求生和其婚姻的故事的一本书。 5.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “proceeds” in paragraph 1？（　　） A．Purchases．　 B．Expenses． C．Gains．　 D．Contracts． 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第一段中画线词所在句可知，此处proceeds指的是卖房的收入，与Gains“收益”意思相符。 6.What do we know about the couple’s sail？（　　） A．They used a radio transmitter for the first nine months． B．They abandoned the raft damaged by a whale． C．Starvation followed when the boat sank． D．Survival skills contributed to their survival． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，他们运用自己制作鱼竿捕鱼等生存技能得以存活下来，说明生存技能有助于他们的生存。 7.What was Maurice like according to paragraph 3？（　　） A．Pessimistic．　 B．Ambitious． C．Modest．　 D．Unconfident． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，莫里斯是个悲观的人。 8.What kind of writing is the text？（　　） A．A news report．　 B．A book review． C．A journal．　 D．A biography． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，本文是对埃尔姆赫斯特所写关于莫里斯和玛丽莲•贝利夫妇海上遇险求生经历书籍的评论。 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　（2026•福建福州模拟）Our mountain hike turned into a（n） 　9　 adventure when a storm made us hide in an old， broken hut．Under 　10　 vines （藤蔓）， we found a wooden box． 　　Inside was a silk scroll — its ink surprisingly 　11　， showing a waterfall falling through peach blossoms （花）．The picture felt so 　12　 that it seemed real．Beside it was a（n） 　13　 map with old， unclear symbols．Driven by 　14　 curiosity， we followed the map to a hidden valley．At dusk， a cave entrance 　15　 behind the waterfall．Inside， our torches 　16　 lit up wall pictures： cranes （仙鹤） flying above ponds， thinkers resting in bamboo — scenes of an old perfect place． 　　Walking through the tunnel， we stopped．In front of us was the 　17　 paradise （天堂） from the painting．Time seemed still here， completely 　18　．We walked through peach trees where petals （花瓣） fell like pink snow， drinking from springs sweeter than wine． 　　But as it got darker， things we recognized started to 　19　．We felt scared until we saw small writing on the scroll： “Heaven’s door opens only once．” With shaking hands， we picked up fallen petals and 　20　 went back．Seconds later， the cave disappeared behind falling rock． 　　At the museum， experts said it was the work of a（n） 　21　 Ming Dynasty master who remains unseen during his lifetime．Many groups searched the mountains， but the valley stayed 　22　． 　　But those saved petals？ They never dry up — 　23　 reminders of a world just out of reach． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一行人登山遇风暴发现神秘山谷的奇幻经历。 9.A．normal　 B．extraordinary C．risky　 D．tedious 解析：B　根据下文发现神秘物品可知，这次冒险是非凡的。 10.A．glowing　 B．hanging C．dead　 D．blooming 解析：B　根据下文vines （藤蔓）并结合常识可知，藤蔓通常是垂下的。 11.A．dirty　 B．pale C．faded　 D．vivid 解析：D　根据下文可知，画卷墨迹应是清晰鲜艳的，才能清晰呈现画面。 12.A．alive　 B．still C．dull　 D．stiff 解析：A　根据下文it seemed real可知，画卷给人真实感，“栩栩如生”最能体现这种效果。 13.A．modern　 B．torn C．digital　 D．weathered 解析：D　根据下文with old， unclear symbols可知，地图是古老的，上面的符号不清晰，所以是经过风化的。 14.A．fading　 B．cautious C．irrepressible　 D．weak 解析：C　根据下文并结合上文发现神秘画卷和地图的整个情境可推知，此处是被无法抑制的好奇心驱使。 15.A．appeared　 B．collapsed C．dissolved　 D．narrowed 解析：A　根据behind the waterfall和下文描述进入洞口后的状况可知，瀑布后面出现了一个山洞入口。 16.A．violently　 B．faintly C．suddenly　 D．fully 解析：B　根据our torches 　16　 lit up wall pictures可知，洞穴内光线昏暗，火把只能微弱地照亮墙上的画。 17.A．ruined　 B．altered C．very　 D．mini 解析：C　根据下文可知，眼前的景象与画中完全一致，very在此处用于强调“正是，恰好”，符合“实景与画面对应”的语境，其他选项均无强调含义。 18.A．racing　 B．suspended C．broken　 D．hurried 解析：B　根据Time seemed still here， completely可知，时间似乎静止了，这里表达的是时间凝固了。 19.A．widen　 B．vanish C．harden　 D．brighten 解析：B　根据上文和下文We felt scared可知，随着洞穴里越来越黑，我们所熟悉的事物开始消失，因而感到害怕。 20.A．unwillingly　 B．eagerly C．decisively　 D．calmly 解析：A　上文描述了世外桃源的美好，他们对这个地方应是留恋的，因此返回时是“不情愿的”。 21.A．infamous　 B．urban C．new　 D．reclusive 解析：D　根据下文who remains unseen during his lifetime可知，这位明代大师在世时一直不为人知，说明他是隐居的。 22.A．accessible　 B．mapped C．vague　 D．commercial 解析：C　根据上文可知，尽管有人搜寻，山谷里的踪迹依然模糊难寻，“模糊的，踪迹难寻的”符合语境。 23.A．solid　 B．withered C．false　 D．mysterious 解析：D　根据上文可知，花瓣永不干枯，这反常现象让花瓣带有神秘色彩。 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•湖北武汉模拟）Lifeline Express， a project 24.　　　　　　 transforms trains into mobile hospitals for cataract （白内障） operations， has provided free surgeries for 240，000 patients in remote and less developed areas across 28 provincial－level regions in more than three decades， according to an 25.　　　　　　（operate） of the project． 　　The project 26.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （launch） in 1997 as a gift from the people of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region， making an attempt 27.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （mark） its return to the motherland， said the Chinese Foundation for Lifeline Express during a news conference in Beijing on Wednesday． 　　Since then， the fleet （车队） has grown to four trains and 33 hospitals have got involved in 28.　　　　　　 initiative．Meanwhile， the project has donated 96 ophthalmology （眼科） centers in 24 provincial－level regions 29.　　　　　　 trained more than 340 grassroots ophthalmologists on cataract surgical 30.　　　　　　 （technique）． 　　Since 2016， the project has stepped up work in countries involved in the Belt and Road Initiative and carried 31.　　　　　　 4，360 cataract surgeries for patients from Uzbekistan and six other 32.　　　　 （neighbor） countries； as well as donated blindness prevention cooperation centers in four member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization． 　　This year， the project is expected to arrange two trains and provide free operations for about 6，000 cataract patients．Also， it 33.　　　　　　（send） mobile medical teams to five cities． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“健康快车”——一个将火车改造成用于白内障手术的移动医院的项目。 24.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是a project，指物，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。 25.operator　考查词形转换。由an可知，用名词单数作宾语。故填operator。 26.was launched　考查时态和语态。The project与launch之间是被动关系，故填was launched。 27.to mark　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示启动项目的目的是纪念香港回归。故填to mark。 28.the　考查冠词。此处特指 “健康快车”这个倡议，应用定冠词。故填the。 29.and　考查连词。donated与trained是并列关系，故填and。 30.techniques　考查名词复数。technique 表示“技术”时，常用复数形式作宾语。故填techniques。 31.out　考查介词。carry out为固定搭配，表示“实施，执行”。故填out。 32.neighboring　考查词形转换。修饰名词countries，应用形容词。故填neighboring。 33.will send　考查时态。根据This year以及is expected to ．．．可知，这里描述将来的动作，应用一般将来时，故填will send。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $