UNIT 2 Making a difference-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（外研版）

该高中英语讲义围绕必修第三册UNIT2核心内容，覆盖词汇（阅读、多义、核心及拓展词）、短语、句型及阅读写作等高考核心考点，知识点按“基础清单-核心突破-迁移应用”逻辑架构，通过考点梳理、词法句法指导、微点练习及真题训练等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料特色在于融合构词法（如relief→relieve）、语境应用（独立主格结构微写作）及分层训练（基础巩固到综合应用），以“词汇-句型-语篇”递进培养语言能力与思维品质，配合人物介绍写作及读后续写情感描写等实战活动，可高效提升学生应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

　　The major problem in this area was water 1.shortage （short）．Many volunteers like Alice never hesitated 2.to make （make） contributions．They took 3.effective （effect） measures， including 4.establishing （establish） the water saving foundation and funding well－digging programmes．The insight into these 5.measures （measure） came from Alice 6.who had the courage and perseverance to turn her dream into reality． She donated the money 7.earned （earn） from her summer jobs and assisted people there to recycle water from fountains to save water.8.Ultimately （ultimate）， when she saw people there no longer needed to walk for hours to get water with her generous assistance， Alice broke 9.into a smile with relief and obtained 10.a sense of achievement． 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认 1.internal adj．　　　内部的 2.fountain n．　　喷水池 3.mission n．　　职责；使命 4.territory n．　　地区，地方 5.royal adj．　　王室的，皇家的 6.institution n．　　机构，团体 7.Nazi n．　　纳粹党员，纳粹分子 8.Jewish adj．　　犹太人的，犹太教的 9.military n．　　军队 10.knighthood n．　　（英国的）爵士封号或头衔 11.ministry n．　　（政府的）部 Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨 1.foundation n．　　创建；基础；基金会 2.insight n．　　洞察力；顿悟，猛醒 3.chief adj．　　最高级别的，首席的 n．　　首领，领袖 4.drug n．　　药物，药材；毒品 5.further adv．　　更远；更久远；进一步；此外 adj．　　更多的，附加的 Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写 1.fund v．　　为……提供资金，资助 2.recycle v．　　再利用，回收利用 3.disease n．　　疾病，病 4.cancer n．　　癌症 5.aid v．　　帮助，援助 6.obtain v．　　获得，得到 7.certificate n．　　证明书，证书 Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓 1.relief n．（疾病、痛苦等的）减轻，缓解→relieve v．减轻，缓解→relieved adj．宽心的，宽慰的 2.shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj．短的；缺少的→shorten v．（使）变短 3.effective adj．有效的，产生预期效果的；生效的→effect n．效果；影响 4.earn v．挣（钱）→earnings n．收入 5.donate v．捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐献→donor n．捐赠者 6.perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈→persevere vi．坚持 7.extend v．伸出，伸开；持续；延伸，延长；（使）扩大，（使）扩展；提供，给予→extensive adj．广阔的；广泛的→extension n．扩大，延伸；电话分机 8.disability n．残疾，残障→disabled adj．没有能力的；有残疾的→enable vt．使能够→able adj．能；能够 9.sensitive adj．敏感的，容易生气的→sense n．感官；感觉；理解力→sensible adj．明智的；合理的 10.generous adj．慷慨的，大方的→generously adv．慷慨地，大方地→generosity n．慷慨，大方 11.hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n．迟疑，犹豫→hesitant adj．犹豫不决的 12.assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．帮助，援助→assistant n．助理；助手 13.registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记，注册 14.confirmation n．证实，证明→confirm v．证实，证明；确认（安排、日期或情况） 15.temporary adj．短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv．短期地，短暂地；临时地 16.achievement n．成绩，成就→achieve v．实现 17.major adj．主要的，重要的；（课程）主修的；严重的 vi．主修 n．主修课程；主修学生→majority n．大部分，大多数 18.treatment n．治疗；疗法→treat v．治疗；对待 Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记 1.make a difference 　　有影响，起（重要）作用 2.escape from 　　从……中逃脱，逃离 3.have trouble （in） doing sth 　　做某事有困难 4.be determined to do sth 　　下定决心做某事 5.turn out 　　出席，在场；结果是 6.go public 　　公之于世，公开（秘密等） 7.set up 　　建立，设立 8.look across 　　环视，扫视 9.benefit from 　　受益于 10.come up with 　　提出，想出 11.under control 　　被控制住，处于控制之下 12.for the most part 　　多半，通常 13.take in 　　收留，留宿；吸收；理解；欺骗 14.rise to one’s feet 　　站起身来 15.pass away 　　去世 16.break into a smile 　　突然笑起来 Ⅵ．单元佳句——我会用 1.And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？（so ．．．that ．．．引导结果状语从句） 为什么水那么脏，以至于使他们生病了？ 2.These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis．（独立主格结构） 这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯•温顿即将从纳粹分子死亡之手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 3.On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France．（on doing ．．．） 从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 名词词缀－ant主要表示做某事的人 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2023•北京卷）Each week， participants will be asked to complete a topic－specific reflection task．　n．参与者，参加者 2.（2024•全国甲卷）“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke．　n．助手，助理 3.（天津卷）All applicants must have a driver’s license and access to a car．Gas will be covered for each delivery．　n．申请人 4.I consulted with a consultant about how to run my business well last week．　n．顾问 5.What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture．　n．移民 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.fertile adj．肥沃的；多产的；点子多的 ①fertile soil/land肥沃的土壤 ②fertile imagination　　丰富的想象力 ③fertile ground for ．．．　　……的沃土 The Nile Delta’s fertile soil has supported Egyptian agriculture for over 5，000 years． 尼罗河三角洲的肥沃土壤支撑埃及农业超过五千年。 2.float v．漂浮；浮动；发行（股票）上市；提出 ①float on water/air　　漂浮在水面/空中 ②float shares/stocks　　发行股票 ③float an idea　　提出想法 In Python， you need to declare a float variable to store decimal values like 3.14 or 0.5. 在Python中，你需要声明一个浮点数变量来存储3.14或0.5这样的小数值。 3.frame n．框架；骨架；体形 vt．拟订；给……做框 ①frame of mind　　心态 ②frame a question　　提出问题 ③frame a plan　　制定计划 Scientists must frame the right questions before they can evolve their theories．科学家们需要先构建正确问题，方能进一步完善他们的理论。 核心知识 点面突破 relief n．减轻，缓解；调剂；救济 练通 单句语法填空 ①Harry could have laughed out loud with relief． ②A relieved （relief） smile spread across his face． ③Once the helicopter landed， we got onto it in no time， excited and relieved （relief）． ④To my relief， she arrived safely at the airport after the long journey． 写美 微写作 ⑤我哽咽着说：“是你的慷慨帮助和及时指导减轻了我沉重的压力。”　（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷） I choked out，“It is your generous assistance and timely guidance that have relieved me of the heavy pressure．” ⑥听到他们平安无事时，我们都松了口气。 We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe． （1）with relief欣慰地，释然地 to one’s relief=to the relief of sb　　令某人欣慰的是 It is a relief to do sth　　做某事很放心/舒心 breathe a sigh of relief　　松了一口气 （2）relieve vt．　　减轻，缓解；解除 relieve sb of ．．．　　帮助某人减轻（负担）；解除某人的职务 （3）relieved adj．　　宽慰的；宽心的 佳句 ①Seeing his confident smiles， I sighed with relief．　（情绪描写） 看到他自信的微笑，我松了一口气。 ②To my relief， they smiled politely back at me when they saw my smile， and I could see their exhaustion in their eyes． 让我宽慰的是，当他们看到我的笑容时，他们也礼貌地对我微笑，我能从他们的眼神中看出他们的疲惫。 hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2025•全国二卷）Please don’t hesitate to contact （contact） me if you require any information or have questions． ②She stood there， hesitating （hesitate） over whether or not to tell her husband the truth． 写美 微写作 ③听到尖叫声，亨利冲到河边，脱下衣服，毫不犹豫地跳入水中。　（动作链描写） Hearing the screams， Henry dashed to the riverside， threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation． （1）hesitate to do sth　 迟疑做某事，犹豫做某事 hesitate about/over ．．．　　对……犹豫不决 （2）hesitation n．　　犹豫，迟疑 without hesitation　　毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth　毫不犹豫地做某事 佳句 Whenever you are in trouble， I will have no hesitation in helping you out．　（建议信） 无论你何时有麻烦，我都会毫不犹豫地帮你一把。 联想－ate→－ation （动词转化为名词） ①indicate→indication n．表明 1 accommodate→accommodation n．住宿 ③graduate→graduation n．毕业 assistance n．帮助，援助 练通 单句语法填空 ①I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals． ②With the assistance （assist） of their father， the twins managed to make tasty breakfast． 写美 微写作 ③我想知道你是否能帮助我选择合适的班会主题。　（求助信） I’m wondering if you could assist me in choosing/to choose the suitable topics for the class meeting． （1）assist v．帮助 assist sb with/in sth　　在某方面帮助某人 assist sb in doing sth =assist sb to do sth　　帮助某人做某事 （2）with the assistance of ．．．　　在……的帮助下 佳句 I’d like to sincerely appreciate your assisting me with my English learning．Without your assistance，I couldn’t have made such great progress．　（感谢信） 我想衷心地感谢你帮助我学习英语。没有你的帮助，我就不可能有那么大的进步。 rise to one’s feet 站起身来 练通 单句语法填空 ①While playing basketball，the boy’s leg got injured，but he struggled to his feet． ②The astronaut’s dream to be the first man to set foot on the Mars will become a reality． 写美 微写作 ③音乐会结束时，观众站起身鼓掌欢呼。 At the end of the concert， the audience rose to their feet to applaud and cheer． help sb to one’s feet　　　　帮助某人站起身来 jump/leap/spring to one’s feet　　跳起来 keep one’s feet　　站稳脚跟；不跌倒 struggle to one’s feet　　挣扎着站起来 stand on one’s own feet　　自立，经济上独立 set foot on/in　　踏上；进入 put one’s best foot forward　　全力以赴；展现最佳状态 佳句 Now that you have grown up， you must learn to stand on your own feet．　（建议信） 既然你已经长大，就必须学会自立。 句型公式：独立主格结构 教材原句：These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis． 这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯•温顿即将从纳粹分子死亡之手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 写美 微写作 ①期末考试不及格，小女孩慢腾腾地走进客厅，羞愧得满脸通红。　（情绪描写） Having failed in the end－of－term examination， the little girl dragged her feet into the sitting room， her face red with extreme shame． ②有一场重要的考试要参加，我忐忑不安地来回踱步，如坐针毡。　（紧张心理描写） An important examination to take，I paced back and forth restlessly， feeling on pins and needles． 独立主格结构的逻辑主语（名词或代词主格）与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在，在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。 常用形式有： （1）逻辑主语＋非谓语动词； （2）逻辑主语＋形容词/副词/名词/介词短语。 佳句 Dinner over， I hurried back to the milking house，eager to meet the lovely hummingbird once again．　（2023•1月浙江卷） 吃完晚饭，我匆匆赶回挤奶房，渴望再次见到那只可爱的蜂鸟。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.major n．主修课程；（大学专业的）主修学生v．主修adj．重要的，主要的 ①（2025•全国一卷）Joanna Wright， a senior political science major， loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week．　n．（大学专业的）主修学生 ②（2023•北京卷）It is fair to say， though， that our psychological biases play a major role．　adj．重要的，主要的 ③Everything taken into account， I would like to major in medicine at college．　v．主修 ④Some believe it is better to choose a major that will bring more job opportunities．　n．主修课程 2.A kind heart is a fountain of gladness， making everything around into smiles．　n．源泉 3.They hoped the new venture would further the cause of cultural cooperation in Europe．　v．促进 4.This is a magazine with contributions from well－known travel writers．　n．稿件，作品 5.The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected．　v．提供，给予 单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级 1.I ensure that he will come to your assistance （assist） whenever you have difficulty． 2.With the aid of the kind neighbour， we resolved the problem at last． 3.To the parents’ relief， the children had been sent to the hospital safely． 4.听到一个奇怪的声音，这个小男孩快速地站起来跑开了。　（动作描写） Hearing a strange sound， the little boy quickly rose to his feet and ran away． 5.With the writing contest over， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not．　（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷） →The writing contest over， I almost forgot it， not caring about whether I would win or not．（独立主格结构） 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.From my point of view，my duty is making contributions （contribute） to building a more powerful country． 2.David is generous with his time and money， for which he has many friends． 3.The Students’ Union appeals to all the students to donate money to the disaster－hit area． 4.众所周知，他的成就为他赢得了别人的尊敬和赞美。 As we know， his achievements earned him respect and admiration． 5.这把椅子看上去很硬，但事实上坐在上面很舒服。 The chair looks rather hard， but in reality it is very comfortable to sit on． 　应用文增分练——人物介绍 　　你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲伟人故事”的征文活动。请你以“A Person of Great Contribution”为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 　　（1）人物简介及事迹；（2）意义或启示。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.在中国空间技术领域取得巨大成就的钱学森于1911年出生于上海。（定语从句，achievement） Qian Xuesen， who made great achievements in China’s space technology， was born in 1911 in Shanghai． 2.钱学森1935年赴美深造并于1939年在美国获航空、数学博士学位。（further， obtain） In 1935， Qian Xuesen went to America for further study and obtained his doctor’s degree in aeronautics and mathematics there in 1939. 3.尽管美国政府试图阻止他，但他仍不屈不挠，于1955年回到中国。（perseverance） With great perseverance， he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him． 4.他为中国的航天事业作出巨大的贡献。（contribution） He made great contributions to China’s aerospace． 5.2009年，他在北京去世。（pass away） In 2009， he passed away in Beijing． 6.中国人民将永远不会忘记他对人民和国家的贡献。（contribution） Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country． 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 A Person of Great Contribution 　　Qian Xuesen， who made great achievements in China’s space technology， was born in 1911 in Shanghai．In 1935， Qian Xuesen went to America for further study and obtained his doctor’s degree in aeronautics and mathematics there in 1939.With great perseverance， he came back to China in 1955 though the American government tried to stop him．Then he made great contributions to China’s aerospace．In 2009， he passed away in Beijing． 　　Anyhow， Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and the country． 　读后续写微技能——孩子慷慨助人让母亲欣慰 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 佳句积累 情感描写：1.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him．They sang and danced happily． 2.At first Ryan was nervous， but soon a great warmth filled him．He really had made a difference for these children．He broke into a joyful smile． 3.Their heartbroken parents do not join them．Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again． 4.The programme brought his actions to public attention， and Winton became a respected figure around the world． 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 情感描写：惊讶（一） 靓点语块 1.stare/look at sb with wide eyes目瞪口呆地看着某人 2.eyes widen in surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛 3.a look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face脸上出现/掠过惊讶的表情 4.much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人很震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇的是 出彩表达 1.It gave me a shock when I realized that I had left my wallet at home and had no money to pay for the meal． 当我意识到我把钱包忘在家里，没有钱付饭钱时，我感到震惊。 2.I jumped to my feet in disbelief and stepped back in no time． 我难以置信地跳了起来，立刻后退了一步。 3.Hearing the news， I was thrown into astonishment．听到这个消息，我大吃一惊。 4.Her jaw dropped in astonishment when she saw the size of the audience． 当她看到这么多观众时，她惊掉了下巴。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：附近小镇遭遇了龙卷风，玛丽询问自己的两个孩子是否愿意捐出一些物品，孩子们毫不犹豫地答应了。对于他们的帮助，玛丽感到很自豪。 　　Much to people’s shock， a tornado occurred in a small town nearby．At the bad news， Mary 1.froze with shock， as if rooted to the ground （震惊得僵住了，仿佛脚下生根了一般；状语从句的省略）．Mary shared the news with her children， and asked if they would like to share what they had with the less fortunate．To her relief， both didn’t hesitate to donate something．Anne’s brother saw Anne place her favorite toy in the box， 2.with a spark of surprise flashing across his face （他的脸上闪过一丝惊讶；with复合结构）.3.Staring at her with wide eyes （瞪大眼睛盯着她；动词－ing短语作状语）， he then rose to his feet， went to his room and ran back with his favorite toy to the living room．4.Astonished and excited （既惊讶又兴奋；形容词短语作状语）， Mary saw what her children were doing in disbelief．Mary 5.broke into a smile （露出了笑容）， thinking， “6.How generous my children are （我的孩子们多么慷慨啊；感叹句）!They are willing to go to others’ assistance．” Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•河北名校联盟二模）As a student in Pakistan， Riffat Arif faced bad treatment from her teachers at school．She dreamed of a teacher who could show equal respect and love to children with no difference， but she could not find that teacher．Therefore， in 1997， at the age of just 13， she founded a school in the courtyard of her home， free to all． 　　Arif asked her younger sister to learn from her．She also started requesting her friends’ younger sisters or brothers to come to her school， which was a play area for them in the beginning． 　　Arif wanted to do something opposite to the experiences she had to face as a child．She would take the little children in her lap and teach them that way．When a teacher shows such affection to the children， they feel protected， and they feel like they are with their parents．She wanted teachers to be like that． 　　However， her parents were not in a position to help her， so she learned to do embroidery （刺绣） to make money and sought support online．She worked eight hours a day， taught her students for four hours and taught herself for four hours to earn degrees in political science and history．She never took a day off．She was focusing only on the three things． 　　As she expanded her school， she realized the opportunity to go to school was rare for those children who belonged to a poverty－stricken community．In her city， Gujranwala， over 20，000 children were child laborers making money for their families．So she reached out to those parents to make them understand that education was really important．Luckily， many of those children were sent to her school． 　　Riffat Arif， now known as Sister Zeph， has been awarded the largest annual global prize for teachers， the Varkey Foundation Global Teacher Prize， $1 million， with which Arif planned to buy a piece of land to build a bigger and better school． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了里法特•阿里夫13岁在家中院里创办了一所对所有人免费的学校，她努力办学，最终获得了全球教师大奖的故事。 1.What led Arif to set up her own school？（　　） A．Her parents’ understanding and support． B．Her teachers’ encouragement at school． C．Her disappointing childhood schooling． D．Her lack of opportunity to go to school． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，阿里夫令人失望的童年求学经历促使她创办了自己的学校。 2.Why did Arif take the little children in her lap to teach them？（　　） A．They were too young to stand． B．She wanted them to feel loved． C．She was learning to be a mother． D．They asked to be treated like that． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，阿里夫把小孩子抱在腿上教他们，是因为她想让他们感受到保护与爱。 3.How did Arif help the children in the poor community？（　　） A．By providing jobs for their parents． B．By teaching them to do labor work． C．By donating a lot of money to them． D．By getting them to receive education． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段后两句可知，阿里夫通过让贫困社区的孩子接受教育来帮助他们。 4.Which of the following words can best describe Arif？（　　） A．Determined but selfish． B．Humorous and responsible． C．Ambitious and hardworking． D．Unconfident but adventurous． 解析：C　推理判断题。阿里夫从13岁就创办学校，克服困难努力办学，得奖后还想要建更大更好的学校等行为可推知，她有雄心壮志且勤奋努力。C选项“有雄心且勤奋的”最符合对她的描述。 B 　　（2026•广东湛江二模）There are decisions we take on instinct， without even realising we are taking them． 　　Two years ago， I left Germany to do volunteering work．I had a couple of disappointing experiences and a boring job in front of me．It was time to go．I found an interesting contact in a small village in Portugal．In exchange for room and board， I would be working with animals in a residence that hosted families with disabled people．And there I went， with just a backpack I was ready to jump into a new adventure． 　　There， I cared for the pets living next to the residents， cleaning their yard， preparing food and caring for them．Within a month I was in charge of all the other volunteers and the organization of the daily work．After 5 months， I left again and moved to Catalonia， in Spain， to live with an Irish family．They offered a roof and food on the passage of their house for abandoned animals I helped care for． 　　During both experiences， I had the chance to discover beautiful little towns and lovely villages．In Portugal， I walked on the coastline and explored those little towns on the top of the dry hills．In Spain I visited Barcelona multiple times， discovering little by little all its corners．Sometimes， my volunteering experience was complicated．I didn’t speak any Portuguese and only a bit of Spanish．But life out there was simple．It was so different from what I used to call “home” before! Going back to previous habits took me time． 　　If you’re wondering if an international volunteering year gap is worth it， despite the uncertain future and the social pressure， I say： go for it．Believe me， in various ways， you will be sure to return transformed， perhaps even improved to a superior version of your former self．With a bit of luck， you may also discover a new career path． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。 5.Why did the author choose to leave Germany to do volunteering work？（　　） A．To make a change． B．To gain living skills． C．To broaden his horizon． D．To add working experience． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，作者选择离开德国去做志愿者工作是为了做出改变。 6.What did the author mainly do during his trip？（　　） A．Running an organization． B．Attending to animals． C．Taking care of the disabled． D．Preparing food for volunteers． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句以及第三段尾句可知，作者在旅行期间主要做的是照顾动物。 7.Which of the following can best describe the author’s trip？（　　） A．Simple．　 B．Romantic． C．Adventurous．　 D．Rewarding． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段首句以及最后一段后两句可知，作者的这次旅行是有回报的。 8.Which of the following can be the best title？（　　） A．Instinct， a key step for new career B．Backpacking， a jump to a new adventure C．Gap year， an escape from the reality D．Volunteering， a journey of self－discovery 解析：D　标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者离开德国去葡萄牙和西班牙做志愿者的经历。作者认为国际志愿者间隔年是值得的，它是一段自我发现的旅程。D项（志愿服务，一段自我发现的旅程）最适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　（2026•福建龙岩模拟）In the summer of 2024， Caroline was doing a DIY home project．It 　9　 1，500 pounds of gravel （砾石）．So she headed to a home improvement store， and started 　10　 her car． 　　“I’m loading， loading．And this older man comes over，” Caroline 　11　 “Do you know that your car has a 　12　 limit？” The man asked． 　　Caroline did not know that．What now？ She got 　13　! That was when the man made an offer of unusual 　14　， “I can load you up in my truck．” With this， he helped her unload all the heavy gravel from her car．　15　 he loaded it into his truck．She shared her 　16　， and they exchanged numbers． 　　When they 　17　 her house， the man helped her unload all 1，500 pounds of gravel onto her driveway．She didn’t want him to leave 　18　， trying to offer him money， then wine， but he politely refused．Then she 　19　 something he might like． 　　“Do you like cucumbers？” 　　“I love cucumbers!” His face 　20　 lit up． 　　Caroline offered him a 　21　 of her garden； it turned out he， too， had been a gardener．She picked a handful of big cucumbers， and gave them to him．　22　， he marched off back to his truck． 　　Today， 　23　 by her unsung hero， Caroline tries to be on the lookout for others who might need a hand． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Caroline在做DIY家庭项目时得到一位陌生老人帮助的故事，老人帮她运砾石，她以黄瓜相赠，她深受感动并决定帮助他人。 9.A．required　 B．contained C．consumed　 D．produced 解析：A　根据上下文可知，Caroline在做DIY家居项目，结合常识，她去家装店是为了购买所需要的砾石。 10.A．getting on　 B．checking out C．filling up　 D．driving off 解析：C　根据下文I’m loading， loading．可知，她正在往车里装砾石，也就是装满她的车。 11.A．recalled　 B．announced C．declared　 D．responded 解析：A　文章是在讲述过去发生的事情，因此，此处为Caroline回忆当时的场景。 12.A．fuel　 B．height C．speed　 D．weight 解析：D　上文提到Caroline要装1 500磅砾石上车，结合老人的话中your car has和limit可推知，老人提醒Caroline车有载重限制。 13.A．relieved　 B．stuck C．impatient　 D．cross 解析：B　根据上文Caroline did not know that．What now？可知，Caroline陷入困境，不知道如何处理车超载的问题。 14.A．honesty　 B．bravery C．creativity　 D．generosity 解析：D　根据下文I can load you up in my truck．可知，老人主动提出用自己的卡车帮Caroline装砾石，这一行为体现了他的慷慨。 15.A．Nevertheless　 B．Otherwise C．Afterwards　 D．Meanwhile 解析：C　按照事情发展顺序，先卸砾石，之后再装进他的卡车。 16.A．ideas　 B．gifts C．experience　 D．address 解析：D　下文提到they reached her house，要把砾石送到Caroline家，所以Caroline分享的是地址。 17.A．spotted　 B．reached C．left　 D．approached 解析：B　根据下文可知，只有到达Caroline家之后才会进行卸砾石的动作。 18.A．speechless　 B．regretful C．empty－handed　 D．heart－broken 解析：C　由下文可知，Caroline想给老人一些东西作为答谢，不想让他空手离开。 19.A．gave away　 B．handed out C．picked up　 D．thought of 解析：D　下文Caroline问老人Do you like cucumbers （黄瓜）？，说明她是想到了用黄瓜答谢老人。 20.A．instantly　 B．gradually C．briefly　 D．ultimately 解析：A　根据I love cucumbers!可知，他的脸上立刻露出喜悦之色。 21.A．tour　 B．scene C．flower　 D．cucumber 解析：A　根据下文She picked a handful of big cucumbers可知，Caroline带老人参观花园后摘到了黄瓜。 22.A．Upset　 B．Excited C．Curious　 D．Confused 解析：B　上文提到老人喜欢黄瓜，得到了黄瓜，所以他此时的心情是兴奋的，才会大步回到卡车上。 23.A．reminded　 B．pressed C．inspired　 D．supported 解析：C　根据下文可知，老人的善举激励了Caroline去帮助他人。 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•山东青岛模拟）Lu Qi， noted as chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and director of the Institute of Great Green Wall， 24.　　　　　　 （announce） to be entitled the Champions of the Earth last month． 　　Highly praised 25.　　　　　　 his contributions to global desertification control， Lu became the first Chinese person to receive the title， 26.　　　　　　 achievements have shown through practice that by combining science and policy， humanity can address land degradation issues． 　　Almost 40 percent of the world’s land is already degraded， desertification is on the rise and destructive 27.　　　　　　 （drought） are becoming more regular．The good news is that solutions already exist today， and across 28.　　　　　　 globe， extraordinary individuals and organizations are showing that it is 29.　　　　　　 （whole） possible to defend and heal the planet． 　　Lu has led over 50 desertification control－related research projects， 30. 　　　　　　 （assist） China in carrying out the relevant policies and providing expert technology to international organizations at the forefront of global desertification action． 　　Lu’s receiving the honor can remind the younger generation as long as they remember their mission and keep to innovating， they will definitely gain 31.　　　　　　 （recognize） from society and that the weight of responsibility on their shoulders has increased， and the duty has grown 32.　　　　　　 （heavy）． 　　Lu’s team is devoted to sharing the successful experiences and models of the ecological projects．There already are cooperation centers and research centers， as well as forums for cooperation， all 33.　　　　　　 （design） to spread China’s wisdom and experiences worldwide． 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了卢琦因其在全球荒漠化控制方面的杰出贡献而获奖，以及他在这一领域所做出的努力和取得的成就。 24.was announced　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。Lu Qi和announce之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，由时间状语last month可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was announced。 25.for　考查介词。根据语境可知，空格处意为“因为”，故填for。 26.whose　考查定语从句。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词Lu和achievements之间是所属关系，故填whose。 27.droughts　考查名词的复数。由are可知，空格处用名词复数，故填droughts。 28.the　考查定冠词。globe是独一无二的，前面要加定冠词，故填the。 29.wholly　考查词形转换。空格处修饰形容词possible，应用副词，故填wholly。 30.assisting　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是has led，空格处用非谓语动词，Lu和assist之间是主谓关系，故填assisting。 31.recognition　考查词形转换。空格处作宾语用名词，故填recognition。 32.heavier　考查比较级。根据语境可知，空格处用比较级。故填heavier。 33.designed　考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，cooperation centers and research centers， as well as forums for cooperation和design之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，故填designed。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $