暑假作业09 阅读还原（六选五&七选五）（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦七升八英语阅读还原，构建“结构呼应-语义匹配-逻辑推导”三阶方法体系，以分层策略培养语篇逻辑与深度理解能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语篇结构呼应|多主题短文|首尾呼应定位法、段落主旨归纳法、代词指代排查法|从宏观框架预判到句间逻辑分析，构建总分总等结构认知| |语义连贯匹配|多主题短文|原词复现锚定法、句式结构匹配法、语境情感校准法|通过代词、词汇复现及逻辑路标实现语义衔接| |逻辑关系推导|多主题短文|关联词路标法、话题复现锁定法|依托因果/转折/递进等逻辑信号词推导隐性联系|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业09 阅读还原（六选五&七选五）（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级升八年级的英语学习中，阅读还原是考查语篇逻辑建构与文本深度理解能力的核心板块，也是衔接初中阶段基础阅读与信息整合、推理判断能力进阶的关键环节。其考查维度丰富多元，主要聚焦语篇结构呼应（如总分总、因果链等行文逻辑）、语义连贯匹配（指代关系、话题一致性、词汇复现等线索）、逻辑关系推导（并列、转折、递进等关联词或隐性逻辑）三大方向，需结合选项特征与原文语境进行针对性突破。 语篇结构呼应 语篇结构呼应是阅读还原的宏观考点，也是区分学生逻辑构建与篇章把控能力的关键题型。这类题目主要考查学生对文章整体框架、段落功能及句子间逻辑链条的敏锐捕捉能力。想要高效攻克结构题，建议遵循以下“三步走”策略： 第一步：速览全文框架，预判段落功能 在细读选项之前，先快速浏览文章的标题、首尾段及每段的首句，根据行文脉络预判文章的整体结构（如总分总、问题解决型、对比论证型等）。需注意： 首段定位：观察首段是否提出了话题或中心论点，若选项中有概括性极强或引出下文的句子，往往是首段空缺的答案； 尾段收束：观察尾段是否有总结词，若空缺在文末，需寻找总结全文或升华主题的选项； 段落主旨：扫读各段首句，判断该段是在举例、解释原因还是提出建议，从而锁定对应功能的选项。 第二步：分析句间逻辑，锁定衔接线索 将选项与空缺处前后的句子进行比对，不要孤立地看句子意思，而是要找出它们之间的“粘合剂”。需注意： 指代关系辨析：寻找代词线索，例如选项中出现的 this/that/these/those 或 it/they，必须在原文前句能找到对应的指代对象（如前句提到 "many students"，选项出现 "They often..."）； 词汇复现辨析：区分原词复现与同义替换，例如前文提到 "exercise"，后文空缺处可能出现 "physical activity" 或 "sports"，这种语义场的一致性是关键突破口； 关联词语辨析：区分逻辑连接词的功能，例如 however/but 表示转折，therefore/thus 表示因果，firstly/secondly 表示列举，利用这些路标词快速定位句子在逻辑链中的位置。 第三步：代入原文验证，识别干扰陷阱 将初步选定的答案代入原文通读，检查是否在结构和逻辑上都严丝合缝，重点关注以下维度的排查： 主题偏离：选项本身语法正确且看似相关，但讨论的侧重点与本段核心话题不符（如本段讲“健康饮食的好处”，选项却在讲“如何烹饪美食”），此时需排除； 逻辑断层：选项填入后，虽然单词认识，但与前后句无法形成顺畅的逻辑流（如前句在说缺点，后句突然跳到优点，中间缺乏转折词过渡），说明该选项位置错误； 多余项特征：对于六选五或七选五中多出的干扰项，通常具有“细节过于具体而无下文呼应”或“话题看似相关实则张冠李戴”的特征，需通过排除法最后确认。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：首尾呼应定位法（宏观框架） 若设空处位于文章的首段或末段，可直接利用“篇章结构功能”锁定答案。需注意文章的整体架构，即阅读还原往往遵循特定的逻辑模型（如总-分-总），原文语境通常就是为了构建这个完整的闭环。 示例： 原文： "Many people think learning English is hard. ______ In fact, with the right methods, it can be fun and easy." 题干： 选择填空。 分析： 看到空缺位于首段中间，且后文出现了 "In fact"（事实上）表示转折，前文提出了大众观点 "hard"（难）。根据欲扬先抑的结构逻辑，空缺处应填入一个承上启下、进一步阐述困难或引出下文的句子。若选项中有 "However, this is not always true." 或具体描述困难的句子，即可精准定位，排除那些直接给出建议或总结性的干扰项。 方法 2：段落主旨归纳法（隐性逻辑） 若设空处位于段落开头（通常是主题句）或段落内部支撑句位置，无法通过单一词汇直接匹配，需结合上下文的“核心话题”进行深层推导。很多结构题的陷阱就在于选项看似相关，但层级不对（如把细节当主旨，或把主旨当细节）。例如： 通过总分关系找答案：原文若是在列举保持健康的三个建议，空缺处若是段首，选项中必须有概括性极强的句子（如 "Here are three ways to stay healthy."），即使选项中有具体的 "Eat more apples"，也应忽略字面相关，直接抓取符合统领全文功能的概括句。 通过因果链条判断：关注前文是在陈述原因还是结果。若前文一直在分析问题产生的原因（如污染严重），空缺处若在段末，往往是得出结论或提出解决办法（如 "Therefore, we must take action."）；若前文是现象，空缺处可能是解释原因。 方法 3：代词指代排查法（精准避坑） 将选项代入原文进行“逻辑安检”，重点关注那些包含指示代词（this, that, these, those, such）的选项。利用指代一致性原则剔除错误选项： 指代落空（无中生有）：选项中出现 "This problem" 或 "Such a situation"，但在空缺处的前文中完全找不到对应的“问题”或“情况”的具体描述，此时该选项必错。 单复数 mismatch（视觉偏差）：选项保留了原文的部分关键词，长得很像，但逻辑不通。例如原文前句提到的是单数概念 "a unique opportunity"（一个独特的机会），选项里却用了 "These opportunities"（复数），或者前文是 "students"（复数），选项却用 "He"（单数）来指代，这种数的不一致是典型的结构性错误。 逻辑断层（强行拼接）：选项内容看似符合常识，但在句子中起不到衔接作用。例如前文在讲“过去的历史”，后文在讲“未来的科技”，中间空缺处若填入一个既不讲过去也不讲未来的无关选项，即便语法正确，也会造成语篇结构的断裂。细节题讲究“严丝合缝”，结构题讲究“水到渠成”。 语义连贯匹配 语义连贯匹配是阅读还原的基础考点，也是区分学生语言基本功扎实程度的关键题型。这类题目主要考查学生对指代关系、词汇复现、逻辑连接词及语境一致性的敏锐捕捉能力。想要高效攻克此类题目，建议遵循以下“三步走”策略： 第一步：寻找“隐形挂钩”——指代与关键词复现 文章是一个整体，句子之间往往通过特定的词汇像钩子一样紧紧扣在一起。在解题时，首先要扫描空缺处前后的“挂钩”。 代词挂钩：重点关注 it, they, them, this, that, these, those, such 等代词。如果选项中有 "They are..."，原文前一句必须出现复数名词；如果选项中有 "This problem"，前文必然提到了某个具体的困难或麻烦。找不到先行词，该选项大概率错误。 词汇复现：正确选项往往包含原文中出现过的词，或者是其同义词/近义词。比如原文在讲 "reading books"，正确选项中可能会出现 "reading" 或者 "books"，甚至是用 "literature" 进行同义替换。这种原词复现或同义转述是语义连贯的最强证据。 第二步：分析“逻辑路标”——连接词与关联词 句子之间的关系不是随意的，通常由逻辑连接词来导航。通过识别这些“路标”，可以快速判断句子的走向。 转折与对比：看到 however, but, yet, on the other hand, instead。这意味着空缺处的意思与前文截然相反。如果前文说“运动很累”，空缺处可能会说“但是它对身体好”。 因果与解释：看到 so, therefore, as a result, because, for example, in other words。这类词表明前后句是解释说明或因果关系。如果前文提出了一个观点，空缺处很可能是在举例证明这个观点。 顺序与递进：看到 first, second, finally, also, besides, moreover。这通常出现在列举建议或步骤的文章中。如果前文有 "Firstly"，就要警惕选项中是否有 "Secondly" 或 "Next"。 第三步：核对“句式拼图”——语法结构与问答呼应 有时候语义通了，但读起来别扭，可能是因为句式结构不匹配。这是高分段学生需要掌握的进阶技巧。 问答呼应：如果空缺处的前一句是一个问句（例如 "How can we protect our eyes?"），那么正确选项通常是以动词原形开头的祈使句（如 "Keep away from screens."）或者 "You should..." 开头的建议句，直接回答这个问题。 平行结构：观察空缺处前后的句子结构。如果前后都是动名词开头（Doing...），或者都是不定式开头（To do...），那么正确选项往往也保持相同的语法形式，以保持排比的气势和连贯性。 主谓一致检查：这是一个容易被忽视的细节。如果原文主语是第三人称单数，而选项谓语动词用了复数形式，即使意思再通顺也是错误的干扰项。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：原词复现锚定法（显性线索） 若设空处前后出现特定的名词、动词或形容词，且选项中包含这些词的原词重现或同义/近义替换，可直接利用“词汇链条”锁定答案。需注意语篇的连贯性往往依赖于核心话题词的反复出现，原文语境通常就是为了强化这一主题线索。 示例： 原文： "Reading is a great way to relax. It helps you forget your worries and enter a different world. ______" 题干： 选择填空。 分析： 看到前文的核心动词 "reading" 和 "enter a different world"，根据话题一致性原则，正确选项应继续围绕“阅读的好处”展开。选项中若有 "Books can take you on amazing journeys"（书籍能带你踏上奇妙的旅程），其中的 "books" 与 "reading" 形成语义呼应，"journeys" 与 "enter a different world" 构成同义转述，直接排除偏离主题的干扰项（如 "Watching TV is also fun"）。 方法 2：句式结构匹配法（隐性逻辑） 若四个选项语法都正确，但意思相近难以抉择，需结合上下文的句式结构或修辞手法进行深层推导。很多还原题的陷阱就在于句子内容看似合理，但与前后句的句式节奏不协调。例如： 通过排比结构找答案：原文若连续使用 "Some people... Others..." 的并列结构，空缺处也应保持相同句式。例如前文是 "Some students prefer studying in the morning. Others like to work at night."，选项中若有 "Still others find afternoons most productive"（还有一些人发现下午效率最高）和 "However, I think evenings are best"（然而我认为晚上最好）。此时应忽略 "evenings" 的时间合理性，直接抓取符合排比结构的 "Still others" 选项。 通过问答关系判断：关注前文是否提出问题或设问。若前文是 "Why do we need exercise?"（为什么我们需要锻炼？），空缺处若在段首，往往是给出直接回答（如 "Because it keeps our bodies strong"）。若选项是 "Exercise is very important"（锻炼很重要），虽然意思相关，但未直接回应 "why" 的提问，属于答非所问的干扰项。 方法 3：语境情感校准法（精准避坑） 将选项代入原文进行“情感校验”，重点关注那些你以为认识、但在句中读起来情绪别扭的词。利用排除法剔除错误选项： 褒贬误用（主观臆断）：选项中的人名、地名或物体与原文不符，或者使用了该词最常用的意思，但忽略了其在特定语境下的特殊含义。例如原文是 "The dog was very loyal"（这只狗非常忠诚），选项却按“忠实的”字面意思去理解导致逻辑不通。 程度失当（语法硬伤）：选项内容看似符合常识，但在句子中成分不对。例如设空处需要副词修饰动词，选项却给了一个形容词；或者需要及物动词，选项却是不及物动词且后面没加介词。细节题讲究“严丝合缝”。 逻辑关系推导 阅读还原的“逻辑关系推导”，是破解句子间语义关联、结构呼应的关键。不同于单纯语法分析，它更聚焦“上下文如何‘咬合’”——就像拼图时找“形状匹配+图案连贯”的双重线索。掌握以下“三维逻辑锚点”策略，能帮你快速锁定句子间的隐性联系！ 第一步：抓「逻辑信号词」，锚定语义方向 逻辑信号词是句子间的“路标”，直接提示因果、转折、递进等关系。需重点关注三类信号： 因果链：若出现 because, so, as a result 等词，要追踪“原因→结果”或“结果←原因”的对应句。比如前文说 “He stayed up late studying”（熬夜学习），后文大概率接 “so he felt sleepy in class”（所以上课犯困）。 转折/对比：看到 but, however, on the other hand 时，前后句语义往往“相反”。例如前文讲 “Math is challenging for her”（数学难），后文可能用 “but she never gives up”（但从不放弃）形成转折。 递进/并列：and, also, what’s more 这类词表示“内容叠加”，前后句话题一致且程度加深。比如先提 “She loves reading novels”（爱读小说），再用 “what’s more, she writes stories herself”（还自己写故事）补充细节。 第二步：析「语义重复与指代」，锁定话题延续 句子间常通过关键词复现、代词指代保持话题连贯，这是“隐形挂钩”的核心！ 名词/短语复现：若设空处前后有相同/近义的名词、短语，优先选包含这些词的选项。例如前文多次提到 “the school library”（学校图书馆），选项中若有 “This place has thousands of books”（这个地方有上万本书），“this place”就指向图书馆，话题自然衔接。 代词指代明确性：注意 it, they, this, that 等代词的“前指”逻辑。比如前文说 “My cat and dog are fighting”（猫狗打架），后文用 “They always make noise when angry”（它们生气时总吵闹），“they”就精准指代“cat and dog”，避免歧义。 第三步：理「段落结构与顺序」，验证整体逻辑 文章/段落的总分、时间、空间等结构，是宏观层面的逻辑框架，需结合结构特征验证选项： 总分/分总结构：若段落开头是总起句（如 “There are three ways to learn English well”），后续句子必为“分点阐述”；反之，若结尾是总结句（如 “In short, practice makes perfect”），前文应是具体例子。 时间/空间顺序：记叙文中，时间词（first, then, finally）或空间词（on the left, next to）构成“线性逻辑”。比如描述校园：“First, you see the teaching building. Then, there’s a playground behind it.” 选项需符合“先教学楼、后操场”的空间顺序。 第四步：代入选项「反向检验」，排除逻辑漏洞 把选项放回原文后，从三个维度“挑刺”： 逻辑连贯性：是否和上下文的因果、转折等关系完全匹配？比如前文是“问题”，选项却成了“无关建议”，则逻辑断裂。 话题一致性：选项是否围绕同一主题展开？若前文讲“环保行动”，选项突然跳到“学习方法”，显然偏离。 细节合理性：代词、数量词等细节是否无矛盾？比如前文说“two students”，选项却用“he”（单数），则指代错误。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：关联词路标法（逻辑关系推断） 若原文中包含明显的逻辑连接词（如 because, so, but, however），或出现表示顺序的词（如 first, then, finally），需根据“逻辑顺承”原则推导答案。这类题目通常要求考生填补逻辑链条中的缺失环节，确保前后语义连贯、因果合理。例如： 通过因果找对应：原文 “He didn't study hard for the exam. ______, he failed.” 题干问 “填空”。虽然未直接说填什么词，但通过前句的 didn't study hard（没努力）和后句的 failed（失败），可逻辑推导出中间需要表示结果的词，即答案为 As a result / So。 通过转折找反差：原文 “She loves sports, ______ she is not good at running.” 题干问 “填空”。通过前句的 loves sports（爱运动）和后句的 not good at（不擅长），可推断出前后存在转折关系，故答案为 but / however。 方法 2：话题复现锁定法（关键词推断） 若文中出现特定的名词重复、同义词替换或上下义关系，无需纠结生僻词，可通过上下文的“话题一致性”进行精准锁定。这是语篇连贯性最直接的体现。例如： 通过原词复现：原文 “The library is a quiet place. Many students go there to read books. ______ is open from 8 am to 9 pm.” 即使不认识后面的句子结构，也能通过前文反复出现的 library（图书馆），推断出此处指代图书馆，且后面必须接单数谓语，故答案为 It。 通过同义替换：原文 “Math is my favorite subject. I enjoy solving problems in it. ______ makes me feel happy.” 通过 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 的固定句型框架（虽然这里是主谓结构，但逻辑一致），结合前文的 Math，可推断出此处必须填指代数学的词，即 It 或 This subject。 根据短文内容，从后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder makes more people know about Altay. The show is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay. It tells the story of a girl called Li Wenxiu. The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains. 1 Altay is in the northern part of Xinjiang. It has many amazing high mountains, clean rivers and forests. 2 There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes. The Kanas River runs through some pretty valleys. 3 In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours. 4 In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow. Besides, groups of animals and round tents make a nice picture of nature and people. Altay is also famous for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own way of life and language. 5 Travellers can go to busy markets, try traditional food and meet friendly local people. They can also hike, camp and ski. With its amazing land, rich culture and interesting outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for travellers. A．Altay has a long history. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It makes Altay a hot site for travellers. D．In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. G．One of the most famous places of Altay is the Kanas area. 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself. You don’t need to pay someone to do it. For one thing, it’s a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something. 6 Today, I will show you how to make a fruit salad. First, choose your favourite fruit. Use fruit in season. 7 Next, wash the fruit. 8 For example, mixing red apples, green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful. Then, cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 9 Finally, mix them together and add some salad cream if you like. 10 Just prepare it before you are going to eat it, because some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time. A．Make sure that it is fresh. B．Please take care when you use a knife. C．You’d better use fruit of different colors. D．It will take you a lot of time to do DIY. E．Try not to prepare the fruit salad too early. F．For another thing, it can save you money. G．DIY stands for “do-it-yourself”. 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Fun things to do this spring Spring is here! The days are getting longer, and the weather is getting warmer. It’s a great time to go outside. 11 Read a book in the park Reading outside feels special. 12 Find a nice place, sit down, and read. Time will pass quickly while you enjoy sunshine and fresh air. 13 Spring is good for starting a hobby. Take some pencils and paper outside. You can try drawing or painting. Enjoy the sun while you draw something, no matter (不论) how it looks.Go for a bike ride Biking is fun and free. 14 Feel the sun and the wind as you go. It’s a perfect way to move around after staying inside in winter.Have a picnic When it’s warm, many people have picnics in the park. 15 If you want quiet time, go alone with a book or some music. Delicious food and fresh air always make a nice picnic.Take a walk in nature If there are mountains near you, hiking is a great way to enjoy the spring. Take a day to spend time in nature and enjoy the beautiful views from the top of the mountain. All these activities can help you feel the beauty of spring and make your days bright and happy. A．You can go with friends and share food. B．You don’t need big plans—just a great book. C．Here are some fun and easy ways to enjoy the season. D．It’s nice to grow plants on your balcony in spring. E．Draw outside. F．Ride around your neighbourhood or through a park. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Many of us don’t pay attention to (关注) the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. 16 Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. There are a few reasons for poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (变老). 17 If you work in front of the computer, it is best to have a rest every once in a while. Something dirty may make your eyes red and make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. 18 You must also try your best to protect (保护) your eyes from harmful (有伤害的) things. When the sunshine is strong, you’d better wear sunglasses. 19 Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food that has these vitamins. You should do eye exercises to protect your eyesight, too. If a person exercises every day and eats the right kinds of food, his eyes will stay good for a long time. All the above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. 20 A．Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. B．In a word, eye care is very important, no matter (无论) how old a person is. C．That is why we should give our eyes a lot of care. D．A lot of other things can do harm to our eyes. E．Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of poor eyesight. F．If this happens, you’d better clean your eyes with cold water. 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有一项是多余选项。 Do you know that you can help protect the environment in your daily life? Small actions make a big difference. 21 First, save water. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. Take short showers instead of baths. 22 Second, save electricity. Turn off lights when you leave a room. Unplug (拔掉插头) your phone charger when it’s not in use. 23 Third, reduce waste. Use reusable bags when you go shopping. Bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. 24 You can give away old clothes and toys to people in need. Fourth, plant trees. Trees clean the air and provide homes for animals. 25 Every tree helps! Let’s work together to make the Earth a better place. A．You can also recycle paper, glass and plastic. B．Join a tree-planting activity in your community. C．Here are some easy ways to get started. D．Using disposable chopsticks is a good habit. E．A dripping tap can waste a lot of water in a day. F．Using energy-saving lights is also a good idea. 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，有一项为多余选项。 How to Pack for a Trip Packing smartly can make your trip more enjoyable. If you forget something important or your suitcase breaks, you may feel stressed. 26 .     Get organized before you pack  (在收拾行李之前，先把一切整理好） 27 . Make a list of everything you need, such as clothes, shoes and important papers. A notebook can help you write down what to bring and check it off one by one. Also, check your suitcase carefully. Look for any hidden problems. Remember to put heavy items at the bottom of your bag, especially if it has wheels.      28 Roll your clothes instead of folding them. This helps save space and stop wrinkles. You can also use special bags to take air out and make more room. Put heavy things at the bottom, and place breakable items—like glasses or small gifts—in your shoes after wrapping them in socks. This keeps everything safe. For dirty clothes, bring empty plastic bags so they don’t touch your clean ones.     Don’t forget the little things Put your toiletries (洗漱用品) in travel-sized bottles and keep them in a strong, closed bag. Before you leave, find out the airline’s rules about liquids and gels. If you stay at a hotel, you can use the shampoo and soap there to save space. 29 . For example, you can take a book or cards in case you feel bored, and some snacks in case you feel hungry, during a long ride. A good traveller stays calm and plans well. 30 . When you pack carefully, you can spend less time worrying and more time enjoying every moment. So, please follow these tips, and you will enjoy your journey more! A．Save space and protect your things B．Also, bring some snacks and something fun C．Remember, the trip is for fun and rest, not for stress D．First, always put your passport in your suitcase so you won’t lose it E．However, with a few useful skills, you can pack like a smart traveller F．First, think about your destination (目的地), the weather, and how long you will stay 请认真阅读下面的短文，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。（有两项为多余选项） Do you like doing sit-ups (仰卧起坐) ? If you answer “No”, then here is some good news for you. 31 Stuart McGill has been studying sit-ups for years at his college. He said that this exercise could do harm to people. McGill did his study using the spines (脊柱) of pigs (their spines are like ours) . Here is how he did it. 32 The test went on for many hours without a break. When McGill checked the spines afterwards, he found serious harm. If the same thing happens to us, that will mean terrible backache. 33 However, McGill found that doing regular (定期的) sit-ups could have the same result. Some people are more likely to have back problems. 34 It’s hard to know which group we fall into. 35 Put your hands under your lower back. Bend one knee up and keep the other straight. Then, move up the head and shoulders off the ground by a little bit. In this way, doing sit-ups will do much less harm to us. A．He bent (使弯折) the spines just like a person might bend his when doing sit-ups. B．We might be fine if we do 30 sit-ups a day for years, or we might not. C．If you love doing sit-ups, here is some advice from McGill. D．A recent study showed that doing sit-ups might be bad for people. E．Doing sit-ups has really helped me to lose more weight. F．You might say you don’t do sit-ups for many hours at a time. G．We should know that practice makes perfect. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you have a favourite place—a place full of warm family love, pleasant weather and interesting activities? 36 New Jersey is my favourite place. I love it for several good reasons. The first reason is my family and relatives (亲戚). Half of my relatives live in New Jersey, so I often visit them during holidays. When I stay with them, my cousins and I play games and enjoy ourselves all day long. 37 There we can play games and swim in the water. We always have a wonderful time staying together. The second reason is the weather. 38 When I think of my trips to New Jersey, I can almost feel the soft wind blowing through my hair. I truly enjoy staying there. 39 If it is the crab season, we often go crabbing together. We keep blue crabs and snow crabs, but set other kinds free. My cousin catches a very big crab. It is so large that it can not get out of the crab bag! At last, we help it out, but it hurts one of its legs. 40 For all these reasons, New Jersey is my favourite place in my heart. A．The third reason is catching crabs (螃蟹). B．I want to learn to cook delicious seafood in the future. C．My uncles and aunts often take me to the park. D．I am lucky to have mine. E．What a poor crab! F．I really enjoy staying in such comfortable weather. G．It is never too hot but nice and cool. 下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加句子。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)选出符合各段意思的句子完成短文，选项中有一项是多余选项。 Exercise is important for staying in good health. In this article, we will discuss how exercise can make us feel better and improve our overall well-being. 41 Exercise helps us stay at a healthy weight, build strong muscles and bones, and do better in sports. It also lowers our chances of getting sick. We can choose activities we enjoy, such as running, swimming, or cycling, and make it a part of our daily routine. Meeting new friends. When we exercise with other people, we can make friends and have fun. 42 Exercise can be a great way to meet new people who share our interests. We can join a sports team or a gym. This can help us feel less lonely. Less stress, more relaxation. When we exercise, we may feel more relaxed. It also helps us sleep better and feel less anxious. 43 For example, we can do yoga or go for a walk in nature. This can help us feel more peaceful and reduce our stress levels. Feeling good about ourselves. When we exercise, we can feel good of ourselves for reaching our goals. We can feel more confident. 44 In this way, exercise can be a great way to challenge ourselves and achieve things we never thought possible. 45 Exercise can be a great way to stay healthy and prevent diseases. It also helps us stay independent and reduces our risk of getting hurt. This helps us feel better and enjoy life more as we get older so that we can live longer and better. A．Living longer and better. B．Making our body healthier. C．Getting happier and smarter. D．Different kinds of activities can help us to relax. E．This helps us feel good about our own abilities. F．We study or work together and learn new skills. 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In earlier times, people didn’t build houses. They lived in caves (洞穴). Some travelled, carrying tents with them. About 10, 000 years ago, people began to build houses. 46 Houses of wood and felt (毛毡): Yurts Today in Mongolia (蒙古), people build their yurts in places where water is easy to get, and where there is grass for their horses and sheep. Wood and felt are common materials for the yurts. 47 48 In many parts of China, people have lived in large groups, inside the high mud walls of a tulou. Tulou means “earth building”. Inside there can be 250 rooms around a big courtyard. The buildings are made of wood. In the courtyard, people can cook, wash and dry clothes and children can play. Families also get together there for celebrations. At first, the tulou was built as safe places to protect people. Houses of mud bricks (砖) In hot places, there isn’t much wood. 49 The roof is flat and people can sleep there. People build some houses inside a courtyard and keep the animals in the yard. Houses of ice and snow.   The Inuit (因纽特人) build igloos. An igloo is also called a snow house. 50 . Larger igloos are built for families. They use snow to help keep out the cold. A．People make mud bricks and build a house with them. B．The house is not very big in size. C．Houses of mud (泥) and wood: Tulou D．Here are some examples of different houses all over the world. E．Hunters stay in an igloo during the winter season. F．The felt gives protection (保护) from the weather and keeps the cold and heat (热) away. G．People build a house with stones. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业09 阅读还原（六选五&七选五）（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级升八年级的英语学习中，阅读还原是考查语篇逻辑建构与文本深度理解能力的核心板块，也是衔接初中阶段基础阅读与信息整合、推理判断能力进阶的关键环节。其考查维度丰富多元，主要聚焦语篇结构呼应（如总分总、因果链等行文逻辑）、语义连贯匹配（指代关系、话题一致性、词汇复现等线索）、逻辑关系推导（并列、转折、递进等关联词或隐性逻辑）三大方向，需结合选项特征与原文语境进行针对性突破。 语篇结构呼应 语篇结构呼应是阅读还原的宏观考点，也是区分学生逻辑构建与篇章把控能力的关键题型。这类题目主要考查学生对文章整体框架、段落功能及句子间逻辑链条的敏锐捕捉能力。想要高效攻克结构题，建议遵循以下“三步走”策略： 第一步：速览全文框架，预判段落功能 在细读选项之前，先快速浏览文章的标题、首尾段及每段的首句，根据行文脉络预判文章的整体结构（如总分总、问题解决型、对比论证型等）。需注意： 首段定位：观察首段是否提出了话题或中心论点，若选项中有概括性极强或引出下文的句子，往往是首段空缺的答案； 尾段收束：观察尾段是否有总结词，若空缺在文末，需寻找总结全文或升华主题的选项； 段落主旨：扫读各段首句，判断该段是在举例、解释原因还是提出建议，从而锁定对应功能的选项。 第二步：分析句间逻辑，锁定衔接线索 将选项与空缺处前后的句子进行比对，不要孤立地看句子意思，而是要找出它们之间的“粘合剂”。需注意： 指代关系辨析：寻找代词线索，例如选项中出现的 this/that/these/those 或 it/they，必须在原文前句能找到对应的指代对象（如前句提到 "many students"，选项出现 "They often..."）； 词汇复现辨析：区分原词复现与同义替换，例如前文提到 "exercise"，后文空缺处可能出现 "physical activity" 或 "sports"，这种语义场的一致性是关键突破口； 关联词语辨析：区分逻辑连接词的功能，例如 however/but 表示转折，therefore/thus 表示因果，firstly/secondly 表示列举，利用这些路标词快速定位句子在逻辑链中的位置。 第三步：代入原文验证，识别干扰陷阱 将初步选定的答案代入原文通读，检查是否在结构和逻辑上都严丝合缝，重点关注以下维度的排查： 主题偏离：选项本身语法正确且看似相关，但讨论的侧重点与本段核心话题不符（如本段讲“健康饮食的好处”，选项却在讲“如何烹饪美食”），此时需排除； 逻辑断层：选项填入后，虽然单词认识，但与前后句无法形成顺畅的逻辑流（如前句在说缺点，后句突然跳到优点，中间缺乏转折词过渡），说明该选项位置错误； 多余项特征：对于六选五或七选五中多出的干扰项，通常具有“细节过于具体而无下文呼应”或“话题看似相关实则张冠李戴”的特征，需通过排除法最后确认。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：首尾呼应定位法（宏观框架） 若设空处位于文章的首段或末段，可直接利用“篇章结构功能”锁定答案。需注意文章的整体架构，即阅读还原往往遵循特定的逻辑模型（如总-分-总），原文语境通常就是为了构建这个完整的闭环。 示例： 原文： "Many people think learning English is hard. ______ In fact, with the right methods, it can be fun and easy." 题干： 选择填空。 分析： 看到空缺位于首段中间，且后文出现了 "In fact"（事实上）表示转折，前文提出了大众观点 "hard"（难）。根据欲扬先抑的结构逻辑，空缺处应填入一个承上启下、进一步阐述困难或引出下文的句子。若选项中有 "However, this is not always true." 或具体描述困难的句子，即可精准定位，排除那些直接给出建议或总结性的干扰项。 方法 2：段落主旨归纳法（隐性逻辑） 若设空处位于段落开头（通常是主题句）或段落内部支撑句位置，无法通过单一词汇直接匹配，需结合上下文的“核心话题”进行深层推导。很多结构题的陷阱就在于选项看似相关，但层级不对（如把细节当主旨，或把主旨当细节）。例如： 通过总分关系找答案：原文若是在列举保持健康的三个建议，空缺处若是段首，选项中必须有概括性极强的句子（如 "Here are three ways to stay healthy."），即使选项中有具体的 "Eat more apples"，也应忽略字面相关，直接抓取符合统领全文功能的概括句。 通过因果链条判断：关注前文是在陈述原因还是结果。若前文一直在分析问题产生的原因（如污染严重），空缺处若在段末，往往是得出结论或提出解决办法（如 "Therefore, we must take action."）；若前文是现象，空缺处可能是解释原因。 方法 3：代词指代排查法（精准避坑） 将选项代入原文进行“逻辑安检”，重点关注那些包含指示代词（this, that, these, those, such）的选项。利用指代一致性原则剔除错误选项： 指代落空（无中生有）：选项中出现 "This problem" 或 "Such a situation"，但在空缺处的前文中完全找不到对应的“问题”或“情况”的具体描述，此时该选项必错。 单复数 mismatch（视觉偏差）：选项保留了原文的部分关键词，长得很像，但逻辑不通。例如原文前句提到的是单数概念 "a unique opportunity"（一个独特的机会），选项里却用了 "These opportunities"（复数），或者前文是 "students"（复数），选项却用 "He"（单数）来指代，这种数的不一致是典型的结构性错误。 逻辑断层（强行拼接）：选项内容看似符合常识，但在句子中起不到衔接作用。例如前文在讲“过去的历史”，后文在讲“未来的科技”，中间空缺处若填入一个既不讲过去也不讲未来的无关选项，即便语法正确，也会造成语篇结构的断裂。细节题讲究“严丝合缝”，结构题讲究“水到渠成”。 语义连贯匹配 语义连贯匹配是阅读还原的基础考点，也是区分学生语言基本功扎实程度的关键题型。这类题目主要考查学生对指代关系、词汇复现、逻辑连接词及语境一致性的敏锐捕捉能力。想要高效攻克此类题目，建议遵循以下“三步走”策略： 第一步：寻找“隐形挂钩”——指代与关键词复现 文章是一个整体，句子之间往往通过特定的词汇像钩子一样紧紧扣在一起。在解题时，首先要扫描空缺处前后的“挂钩”。 代词挂钩：重点关注 it, they, them, this, that, these, those, such 等代词。如果选项中有 "They are..."，原文前一句必须出现复数名词；如果选项中有 "This problem"，前文必然提到了某个具体的困难或麻烦。找不到先行词，该选项大概率错误。 词汇复现：正确选项往往包含原文中出现过的词，或者是其同义词/近义词。比如原文在讲 "reading books"，正确选项中可能会出现 "reading" 或者 "books"，甚至是用 "literature" 进行同义替换。这种原词复现或同义转述是语义连贯的最强证据。 第二步：分析“逻辑路标”——连接词与关联词 句子之间的关系不是随意的，通常由逻辑连接词来导航。通过识别这些“路标”，可以快速判断句子的走向。 转折与对比：看到 however, but, yet, on the other hand, instead。这意味着空缺处的意思与前文截然相反。如果前文说“运动很累”，空缺处可能会说“但是它对身体好”。 因果与解释：看到 so, therefore, as a result, because, for example, in other words。这类词表明前后句是解释说明或因果关系。如果前文提出了一个观点，空缺处很可能是在举例证明这个观点。 顺序与递进：看到 first, second, finally, also, besides, moreover。这通常出现在列举建议或步骤的文章中。如果前文有 "Firstly"，就要警惕选项中是否有 "Secondly" 或 "Next"。 第三步：核对“句式拼图”——语法结构与问答呼应 有时候语义通了，但读起来别扭，可能是因为句式结构不匹配。这是高分段学生需要掌握的进阶技巧。 问答呼应：如果空缺处的前一句是一个问句（例如 "How can we protect our eyes?"），那么正确选项通常是以动词原形开头的祈使句（如 "Keep away from screens."）或者 "You should..." 开头的建议句，直接回答这个问题。 平行结构：观察空缺处前后的句子结构。如果前后都是动名词开头（Doing...），或者都是不定式开头（To do...），那么正确选项往往也保持相同的语法形式，以保持排比的气势和连贯性。 主谓一致检查：这是一个容易被忽视的细节。如果原文主语是第三人称单数，而选项谓语动词用了复数形式，即使意思再通顺也是错误的干扰项。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：原词复现锚定法（显性线索） 若设空处前后出现特定的名词、动词或形容词，且选项中包含这些词的原词重现或同义/近义替换，可直接利用“词汇链条”锁定答案。需注意语篇的连贯性往往依赖于核心话题词的反复出现，原文语境通常就是为了强化这一主题线索。 示例： 原文： "Reading is a great way to relax. It helps you forget your worries and enter a different world. ______" 题干： 选择填空。 分析： 看到前文的核心动词 "reading" 和 "enter a different world"，根据话题一致性原则，正确选项应继续围绕“阅读的好处”展开。选项中若有 "Books can take you on amazing journeys"（书籍能带你踏上奇妙的旅程），其中的 "books" 与 "reading" 形成语义呼应，"journeys" 与 "enter a different world" 构成同义转述，直接排除偏离主题的干扰项（如 "Watching TV is also fun"）。 方法 2：句式结构匹配法（隐性逻辑） 若四个选项语法都正确，但意思相近难以抉择，需结合上下文的句式结构或修辞手法进行深层推导。很多还原题的陷阱就在于句子内容看似合理，但与前后句的句式节奏不协调。例如： 通过排比结构找答案：原文若连续使用 "Some people... Others..." 的并列结构，空缺处也应保持相同句式。例如前文是 "Some students prefer studying in the morning. Others like to work at night."，选项中若有 "Still others find afternoons most productive"（还有一些人发现下午效率最高）和 "However, I think evenings are best"（然而我认为晚上最好）。此时应忽略 "evenings" 的时间合理性，直接抓取符合排比结构的 "Still others" 选项。 通过问答关系判断：关注前文是否提出问题或设问。若前文是 "Why do we need exercise?"（为什么我们需要锻炼？），空缺处若在段首，往往是给出直接回答（如 "Because it keeps our bodies strong"）。若选项是 "Exercise is very important"（锻炼很重要），虽然意思相关，但未直接回应 "why" 的提问，属于答非所问的干扰项。 方法 3：语境情感校准法（精准避坑） 将选项代入原文进行“情感校验”，重点关注那些你以为认识、但在句中读起来情绪别扭的词。利用排除法剔除错误选项： 褒贬误用（主观臆断）：选项中的人名、地名或物体与原文不符，或者使用了该词最常用的意思，但忽略了其在特定语境下的特殊含义。例如原文是 "The dog was very loyal"（这只狗非常忠诚），选项却按“忠实的”字面意思去理解导致逻辑不通。 程度失当（语法硬伤）：选项内容看似符合常识，但在句子中成分不对。例如设空处需要副词修饰动词，选项却给了一个形容词；或者需要及物动词，选项却是不及物动词且后面没加介词。细节题讲究“严丝合缝”。 逻辑关系推导 阅读还原的“逻辑关系推导”，是破解句子间语义关联、结构呼应的关键。不同于单纯语法分析，它更聚焦“上下文如何‘咬合’”——就像拼图时找“形状匹配+图案连贯”的双重线索。掌握以下“三维逻辑锚点”策略，能帮你快速锁定句子间的隐性联系！ 第一步：抓「逻辑信号词」，锚定语义方向 逻辑信号词是句子间的“路标”，直接提示因果、转折、递进等关系。需重点关注三类信号： 因果链：若出现 because, so, as a result 等词，要追踪“原因→结果”或“结果←原因”的对应句。比如前文说 “He stayed up late studying”（熬夜学习），后文大概率接 “so he felt sleepy in class”（所以上课犯困）。 转折/对比：看到 but, however, on the other hand 时，前后句语义往往“相反”。例如前文讲 “Math is challenging for her”（数学难），后文可能用 “but she never gives up”（但从不放弃）形成转折。 递进/并列：and, also, what’s more 这类词表示“内容叠加”，前后句话题一致且程度加深。比如先提 “She loves reading novels”（爱读小说），再用 “what’s more, she writes stories herself”（还自己写故事）补充细节。 第二步：析「语义重复与指代」，锁定话题延续 句子间常通过关键词复现、代词指代保持话题连贯，这是“隐形挂钩”的核心！ 名词/短语复现：若设空处前后有相同/近义的名词、短语，优先选包含这些词的选项。例如前文多次提到 “the school library”（学校图书馆），选项中若有 “This place has thousands of books”（这个地方有上万本书），“this place”就指向图书馆，话题自然衔接。 代词指代明确性：注意 it, they, this, that 等代词的“前指”逻辑。比如前文说 “My cat and dog are fighting”（猫狗打架），后文用 “They always make noise when angry”（它们生气时总吵闹），“they”就精准指代“cat and dog”，避免歧义。 第三步：理「段落结构与顺序」，验证整体逻辑 文章/段落的总分、时间、空间等结构，是宏观层面的逻辑框架，需结合结构特征验证选项： 总分/分总结构：若段落开头是总起句（如 “There are three ways to learn English well”），后续句子必为“分点阐述”；反之，若结尾是总结句（如 “In short, practice makes perfect”），前文应是具体例子。 时间/空间顺序：记叙文中，时间词（first, then, finally）或空间词（on the left, next to）构成“线性逻辑”。比如描述校园：“First, you see the teaching building. Then, there’s a playground behind it.” 选项需符合“先教学楼、后操场”的空间顺序。 第四步：代入选项「反向检验」，排除逻辑漏洞 把选项放回原文后，从三个维度“挑刺”： 逻辑连贯性：是否和上下文的因果、转折等关系完全匹配？比如前文是“问题”，选项却成了“无关建议”，则逻辑断裂。 话题一致性：选项是否围绕同一主题展开？若前文讲“环保行动”，选项突然跳到“学习方法”，显然偏离。 细节合理性：代词、数量词等细节是否无矛盾？比如前文说“two students”，选项却用“he”（单数），则指代错误。 对应解题方法： 方法 1：关联词路标法（逻辑关系推断） 若原文中包含明显的逻辑连接词（如 because, so, but, however），或出现表示顺序的词（如 first, then, finally），需根据“逻辑顺承”原则推导答案。这类题目通常要求考生填补逻辑链条中的缺失环节，确保前后语义连贯、因果合理。例如： 通过因果找对应：原文 “He didn't study hard for the exam. ______, he failed.” 题干问 “填空”。虽然未直接说填什么词，但通过前句的 didn't study hard（没努力）和后句的 failed（失败），可逻辑推导出中间需要表示结果的词，即答案为 As a result / So。 通过转折找反差：原文 “She loves sports, ______ she is not good at running.” 题干问 “填空”。通过前句的 loves sports（爱运动）和后句的 not good at（不擅长），可推断出前后存在转折关系，故答案为 but / however。 方法 2：话题复现锁定法（关键词推断） 若文中出现特定的名词重复、同义词替换或上下义关系，无需纠结生僻词，可通过上下文的“话题一致性”进行精准锁定。这是语篇连贯性最直接的体现。例如： 通过原词复现：原文 “The library is a quiet place. Many students go there to read books. ______ is open from 8 am to 9 pm.” 即使不认识后面的句子结构，也能通过前文反复出现的 library（图书馆），推断出此处指代图书馆，且后面必须接单数谓语，故答案为 It。 通过同义替换：原文 “Math is my favorite subject. I enjoy solving problems in it. ______ makes me feel happy.” 通过 It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 的固定句型框架（虽然这里是主谓结构，但逻辑一致），结合前文的 Math，可推断出此处必须填指代数学的词，即 It 或 This subject。 根据短文内容，从后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Chinese TV show To the Wonder makes more people know about Altay. The show is based on Li Juan’s book My Altay. It tells the story of a girl called Li Wenxiu. The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains. 1 Altay is in the northern part of Xinjiang. It has many amazing high mountains, clean rivers and forests. 2 There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes. The Kanas River runs through some pretty valleys. 3 In spring and summer, the green trees and the white snow mountains look nice together. The flowers also add their colours. 4 In winter, it becomes a world of ice and snow. Besides, groups of animals and round tents make a nice picture of nature and people. Altay is also famous for its rich culture. It is home to different ethnic groups (少数民族). Each group has its own way of life and language. 5 Travellers can go to busy markets, try traditional food and meet friendly local people. They can also hike, camp and ski. With its amazing land, rich culture and interesting outdoor activities, Altay is a must-visit place for travellers. A．Altay has a long history. B．The number of travellers is growing. C．It makes Altay a hot site for travellers. D．In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red. E．This area has different looks in different seasons. F．That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely. G．One of the most famous places of Altay is the Kanas area. 【答案】1．C 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文介绍中国电视剧《我的阿勒泰》让阿勒泰走红，阐述其地理位置、四季美景、多元文化与旅游价值。 【详解】1．第一段说明：“The show is full of scenes of beautiful grassland and mountains.”，剧集展现阿勒泰美景，使其成为热门景点，C项“It makes Altay a hot site for travellers”承接自然。 2．第二段介绍：“There are beautiful lakes like Kanas, White, Double and Black lakes.”，本段在介绍阿勒泰的山水湖泊，后文专门讲到喀纳斯河流与山谷，空处适合引出当地知名景区，G项“One of the most famous places of Altay is the Kanas area”聚焦喀纳斯，贴合语境。 3．第三段总述：“In spring and summer... In winter...”，后文依次出现春夏、冬季景色描写，整段按季节展开景物刻画，空处需要一句总起句统领全段，E项“This area has different looks in different seasons”总领全段。 4．第三段续写：“In spring and summer... In winter...”，第三段前文已介绍春夏景色，后文接着描写冬日风光，四季描写缺少秋季内容，空处需补充秋季景致，D项“In autumn, tree leaves turn yellow and red”对应秋季描述。 5．第四段阐释：“It is home to different ethnic groups.”，前文说明阿勒泰聚居多个少数民族，各有生活方式与语言，空处需要由此推出文化特点，F项“That is why Altay’s culture is colourful and lovely”总结因果关系。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself. You don’t need to pay someone to do it. For one thing, it’s a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something. 6 Today, I will show you how to make a fruit salad. First, choose your favourite fruit. Use fruit in season. 7 Next, wash the fruit. 8 For example, mixing red apples, green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful. Then, cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 9 Finally, mix them together and add some salad cream if you like. 10 Just prepare it before you are going to eat it, because some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time. A．Make sure that it is fresh. B．Please take care when you use a knife. C．You’d better use fruit of different colors. D．It will take you a lot of time to do DIY. E．Try not to prepare the fruit salad too early. F．For another thing, it can save you money. G．DIY stands for “do-it-yourself”. 【答案】6．F 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．E 【导语】本文介绍了DIY的好处，并一步步教你如何制作一份色彩丰富的水果沙拉，同时给出了实用的小贴士。 6．前文提到“For one thing, it’s a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something.”，选项F“For another thing, it can save you money.”与“For one thing”形成固定搭配，衔接自然。 7．前文说“First, choose your favourite fruit. Use fruit in season.”，选项A“Make sure that it is fresh.”承接上文，讲选水果的要点。 8．后文举例“mixing red apples, green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful”，选项C“You’d better use fruit of different colors.”引出这个例子。 9．前文提到“Then, cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces.”，这一步需要用到刀，选项B“Please take care when you use a knife.”是对应的安全提醒。 10．后文说“Just prepare it before you are going to eat it, because some of the fruit will quickly turn brown”，选项E“Try not to prepare the fruit salad too early.”与后文意思一致。 阅读下面短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项。 Fun things to do this spring Spring is here! The days are getting longer, and the weather is getting warmer. It’s a great time to go outside. 11 Read a book in the park Reading outside feels special. 12 Find a nice place, sit down, and read. Time will pass quickly while you enjoy sunshine and fresh air. 13 Spring is good for starting a hobby. Take some pencils and paper outside. You can try drawing or painting. Enjoy the sun while you draw something, no matter (不论) how it looks.Go for a bike ride Biking is fun and free. 14 Feel the sun and the wind as you go. It’s a perfect way to move around after staying inside in winter.Have a picnic When it’s warm, many people have picnics in the park. 15 If you want quiet time, go alone with a book or some music. Delicious food and fresh air always make a nice picnic.Take a walk in nature If there are mountains near you, hiking is a great way to enjoy the spring. Take a day to spend time in nature and enjoy the beautiful views from the top of the mountain. All these activities can help you feel the beauty of spring and make your days bright and happy. A．You can go with friends and share food. B．You don’t need big plans—just a great book. C．Here are some fun and easy ways to enjoy the season. D．It’s nice to grow plants on your balcony in spring. E．Draw outside. F．Ride around your neighbourhood or through a park. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．E 14．F 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇关于春季户外活动的说明文，介绍了五种有趣且简单的方式来享受春天：在公园读书、户外绘画、骑自行车、野餐、在大自然中徒步。 【详解】11．第一段指出春天是外出游玩的好时节，空白处后分别介绍各种活动。因此空白处需要一个总领句，引出下文的具体活动建议。选项C“Here are some fun and easy ways to enjoy the season.”起到承上启下的作用，自然总领后文。 12．第二段主题是“在公园读书”，空白处前说“在外面读书感觉很特别”，空白处后说“找个好地方坐下阅读”。因此空白处应说明读书不需要复杂的准备。选项B“You don’t need big plans—just a great book.”符合逻辑，与后文衔接自然。 13．第三段空白处为小标题，后文说“拿些铅笔和纸到外面，尝试画画或涂色”。因此本段主题是“户外绘画”。选项E“Draw outside.”准确概括本段内容。 14．第四段主题是“骑自行车”，空白处前说“骑自行车有趣又免费”，空白处后说“感受阳光和微风”。因此空白处应说明在哪里骑行。选项F“Ride around your neighbourhood or through a park.”符合逻辑，与后文描述一致。 15．第五段主题是“野餐”，空白处前说“许多人去公园野餐”，空白处后说“如果你想要安静时光，可以一个人去……”。因此空白处应说明可以和朋友一起去。选项A“You can go with friends and share food.”与后文形成对比（一个人去），逻辑合理。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Many of us don’t pay attention to (关注) the importance of eye care. It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy. 16 Natural eye care should be put in a number one place. There are a few reasons for poor eyesight like not enough food, genes (基因) and aging (变老). 17 If you work in front of the computer, it is best to have a rest every once in a while. Something dirty may make your eyes red and make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too. 18 You must also try your best to protect (保护) your eyes from harmful (有伤害的) things. When the sunshine is strong, you’d better wear sunglasses. 19 Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food that has these vitamins. You should do eye exercises to protect your eyesight, too. If a person exercises every day and eats the right kinds of food, his eyes will stay good for a long time. All the above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes. 20 A．Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight. B．In a word, eye care is very important, no matter (无论) how old a person is. C．That is why we should give our eyes a lot of care. D．A lot of other things can do harm to our eyes. E．Televisions, computers and reading are also the causes of poor eyesight. F．If this happens, you’d better clean your eyes with cold water. 【答案】16．C 17．E 18．F 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文围绕眼部护理的重要性及自然护眼方法展开，涵盖视力下降的原因、护眼措施等。 16．根据“It is said that if you take care of your body, then you can surely be healthy...Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.” 可知，前文强调呵护身体可保持健康，后文引出眼部护理的重要性，空格处需衔接两者，说明为何要关注眼部护理。选项C“这就是为什么我们应该给予眼睛很多呵护。”符合语境，故选C。 17．根据“There are a few reasons for poor eyesight like not enough food, genes and aging....If you work in front of the computer...”可知，前文列举视力下降的原因，后文提到电脑前工作的影响，空格处应补充其他导致视力下降的原因。选项E“电视、电脑和阅读也是视力下降的原因。”符合语境，故选E。 18．根据“Something dirty may make your eyes red and make you feel uncomfortable. It is bad for your eyes, too.”可知，前文提到脏东西对眼睛的危害，空格处需说明应对措施。选项F“如果这种情况发生，你最好用冷水清洁眼睛。”符合语境，故选F。 19．根据“Remember that vitamins A, C and E are good for eyes. Try to eat food that have these vitamins.” 可知，后文围绕富含维生素的食物对眼睛的好处展开，空格处应引出健康饮食与视力的关系。选项A“吃健康的食物对视力有益。”符合语境，故选A。 20．根据“All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep healthy eyes.” 可知，前文总结自然护眼方法，空格处需总结全文，强调眼部护理的重要性。选项 B“总之，无论年龄多大，眼部护理都非常重要。”符合语境，故选B。 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺连贯，其中有一项是多余选项。 Do you know that you can help protect the environment in your daily life? Small actions make a big difference. 21 First, save water. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. Take short showers instead of baths. 22 Second, save electricity. Turn off lights when you leave a room. Unplug (拔掉插头) your phone charger when it’s not in use. 23 Third, reduce waste. Use reusable bags when you go shopping. Bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones. 24 You can give away old clothes and toys to people in need. Fourth, plant trees. Trees clean the air and provide homes for animals. 25 Every tree helps! Let’s work together to make the Earth a better place. A．You can also recycle paper, glass and plastic. B．Join a tree-planting activity in your community. C．Here are some easy ways to get started. D．Using disposable chopsticks is a good habit. E．A dripping tap can waste a lot of water in a day. F．Using energy-saving lights is also a good idea. 【答案】21．C 22．E 23．F 24．A 25．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在日常生活中保护环境的几种简单易行的方法。 【详解】21．文中第一段提到“Do you know that you can help protect the environment in your daily life? Small actions make a big difference.”，后文开始介绍具体方法，C选项“Here are some easy ways to get started.”，承接上文，引出下文的具体建议。 22．文中第二段提到“First, save water. Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. Take short showers instead of baths.”，E选项“A dripping tap can waste a lot of water in a day.”，承接上文，补充说明节约用水的重要性，强调关紧水龙头的必要性。 23．文中第三段提到“Second, save electricity. Turn off lights when you leave a room. Unplug your phone charger when it’s not in use.”，F选项“Using energy-saving lights is also a good idea.”，承接上文，补充说明节约用电的另一种方法。 24．文中第四段提到“Third, reduce waste. Use reusable bags when you go shopping. Bring your own water bottle instead of buying plastic ones.”，后文提到“You can give away old clothes and toys to people in need.”，A选项“You can also recycle paper, glass and plastic.”，承接上文，补充说明减少浪费的其他方法。 25．文中第五段提到“Fourth, plant trees. Trees clean the air and provide homes for animals.”，后文提到“Every tree helps!”，B选项“Join a tree-planting activity in your community.”，承接上文，给出参与植树的具体建议。 阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，有一项为多余选项。 How to Pack for a Trip Packing smartly can make your trip more enjoyable. If you forget something important or your suitcase breaks, you may feel stressed. 26 .     Get organized before you pack  (在收拾行李之前，先把一切整理好） 27 . Make a list of everything you need, such as clothes, shoes and important papers. A notebook can help you write down what to bring and check it off one by one. Also, check your suitcase carefully. Look for any hidden problems. Remember to put heavy items at the bottom of your bag, especially if it has wheels.      28 Roll your clothes instead of folding them. This helps save space and stop wrinkles. You can also use special bags to take air out and make more room. Put heavy things at the bottom, and place breakable items—like glasses or small gifts—in your shoes after wrapping them in socks. This keeps everything safe. For dirty clothes, bring empty plastic bags so they don’t touch your clean ones.     Don’t forget the little things Put your toiletries (洗漱用品) in travel-sized bottles and keep them in a strong, closed bag. Before you leave, find out the airline’s rules about liquids and gels. If you stay at a hotel, you can use the shampoo and soap there to save space. 29 . For example, you can take a book or cards in case you feel bored, and some snacks in case you feel hungry, during a long ride. A good traveller stays calm and plans well. 30 . When you pack carefully, you can spend less time worrying and more time enjoying every moment. So, please follow these tips, and you will enjoy your journey more! A．Save space and protect your things B．Also, bring some snacks and something fun C．Remember, the trip is for fun and rest, not for stress D．First, always put your passport in your suitcase so you won’t lose it E．However, with a few useful skills, you can pack like a smart traveller F．First, think about your destination (目的地), the weather, and how long you will stay 【答案】26．E 27．F 28．A 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了如何聪明地为旅行打包行李，提供了整理、节省空间及携带小物品等方面的建议，旨在帮助旅行者减少压力，享受旅程。 【详解】26．根据文章第一段“If you forget something important or your suitcase breaks, you may feel stressed.”可推知，此处需要转折引出解决方法，选项E“However, with a few useful skills, you can pack like a smart traveler”提到有了技巧可以像聪明的旅行者一样打包，符合语境。 27．根据文章第二段“Get organized before you pack”及“Make a list of everything you need”可推知，此处应涉及打包前的计划，选项F“First, think about your destination (目的地), the weather, and how long you will stay”提到首先考虑目的地、天气和停留时间，属于打包前的规划。 28．根据文章第三段“Roll your clothes instead of folding them. This helps save space and stop wrinkles.”及“This keeps everything safe.”可推知，本段主旨是关于节省空间和保护物品，选项A“Save space and protect your things”概括了这一内容，适合作小标题。 29．根据文章第四段“For example, you can take a book or cards in case you feel bored, and some snacks in case you feel hungry”可推知，前句建议带些零食和有趣的东西，选项B“Also, bring some snacks and something fun”与此举例内容直接对应。 30．根据文章第五段“When you pack carefully, you can spend less time worrying and more time enjoying every moment.”可推知，此处应强调旅行的目的，选项C“Remember, the trip is for fun and rest, not for stress”提到旅行是为了娱乐和休息而不是压力，符合结尾升华的主题。 请认真阅读下面的短文，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。（有两项为多余选项） Do you like doing sit-ups (仰卧起坐) ? If you answer “No”, then here is some good news for you. 31 Stuart McGill has been studying sit-ups for years at his college. He said that this exercise could do harm to people. McGill did his study using the spines (脊柱) of pigs (their spines are like ours) . Here is how he did it. 32 The test went on for many hours without a break. When McGill checked the spines afterwards, he found serious harm. If the same thing happens to us, that will mean terrible backache. 33 However, McGill found that doing regular (定期的) sit-ups could have the same result. Some people are more likely to have back problems. 34 It’s hard to know which group we fall into. 35 Put your hands under your lower back. Bend one knee up and keep the other straight. Then, move up the head and shoulders off the ground by a little bit. In this way, doing sit-ups will do much less harm to us. A．He bent (使弯折) the spines just like a person might bend his when doing sit-ups. B．We might be fine if we do 30 sit-ups a day for years, or we might not. C．If you love doing sit-ups, here is some advice from McGill. D．A recent study showed that doing sit-ups might be bad for people. E．Doing sit-ups has really helped me to lose more weight. F．You might say you don’t do sit-ups for many hours at a time. G．We should know that practice makes perfect. 【答案】31．D 32．A 33．F 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项研究发现仰卧起坐可能对脊柱有害，解释了研究过程，并给出了降低伤害的改进版仰卧起坐建议。 【详解】31．前文提到“If you answer ‘No’, then here is some good news for you.”，后文紧接着介绍Stuart McGill的研究。D项“A recent study showed that doing sit-ups might be bad for people.”既是对“好消息”的解释（不用做有害的运动了），也引出了下文的具体研究内容。 32．前文提到“Here is how he did it”，说明空白处应描述具体的实验操作过程。A项“He bent (使弯折) the spines just like a person might bend his when doing sit-ups.”具体描述了实验方法，与上下文衔接紧密。 33．前一段提到实验持续了“many hours”，本段后句以“However”开头，指出定期做仰卧起坐也有同样结果。F项“You might say you don’t do sit-ups for many hours at a time.”提出了读者基于前文实验条件可能产生的质疑，正好与后文的“然而”构成转折逻辑。 34．前文提到“Some people are more likely to have back problems.”，后文说“It’s hard to know which group we fall into.”。B项“We might be fine if we do 30 sit-ups a day for years, or we might not.”表达了这种结果的不确定性，与后文“很难知道”相呼应。 35．本段后续内容全是关于如何正确做仰卧起坐的具体指导（把手放在腰下、弯曲膝盖等）。C项“If you love doing sit-ups, here is some advice from McGill.”起到了引出下文建议的作用。 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Do you have a favourite place—a place full of warm family love, pleasant weather and interesting activities? 36 New Jersey is my favourite place. I love it for several good reasons. The first reason is my family and relatives (亲戚). Half of my relatives live in New Jersey, so I often visit them during holidays. When I stay with them, my cousins and I play games and enjoy ourselves all day long. 37 There we can play games and swim in the water. We always have a wonderful time staying together. The second reason is the weather. 38 When I think of my trips to New Jersey, I can almost feel the soft wind blowing through my hair. I truly enjoy staying there. 39 If it is the crab season, we often go crabbing together. We keep blue crabs and snow crabs, but set other kinds free. My cousin catches a very big crab. It is so large that it can not get out of the crab bag! At last, we help it out, but it hurts one of its legs. 40 For all these reasons, New Jersey is my favourite place in my heart. A．The third reason is catching crabs (螃蟹). B．I want to learn to cook delicious seafood in the future. C．My uncles and aunts often take me to the park. D．I am lucky to have mine. E．What a poor crab! F．I really enjoy staying in such comfortable weather. G．It is never too hot but nice and cool. 【答案】36．D 37．C 38．G 39．A 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者介绍了自己最喜欢的地方——新泽西，并给出了三个理由：家人亲戚、宜人的天气、抓螃蟹的乐趣。文章通过具体事例表达了对新泽西的喜爱。 【详解】36．上文询问“你有最喜欢的地方吗？”，下文指出“新泽西是我最喜欢的地方”。D项“我很幸运拥有我的”既回答了上文的问题，又自然引出下文的具体地点，承上启下。 37．空白后一句提到“There we can play games and swim in the water”在那里我们可以玩游戏和游泳。C项提到“叔叔阿姨常带我去公园”，其中的“公园”即为后文“There”所指代的具体地点，逻辑通顺。 38．本段主题是天气，空格后描述“柔和的风吹过头发”，说明天气舒适。选项G“It is never too hot but nice and cool.”从不太热，而是宜人凉爽，直接描述天气特点，与后文感受一致。 39．文章结构清晰，前两段分别以“第一个原因”和“第二个原因”开头。本段内容关于抓螃蟹，A项“第三个原因是抓螃蟹”符合文章的并列结构，适合作为本段的主题句。 40．空白前一句提到螃蟹被救出来时腿受伤了。E项“多么可怜的螃蟹！”表达了对受伤螃蟹的同情，符合当时的情境和情感色彩。 下面文章中有五处(第1—5题)需要添加句子。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E、F)选出符合各段意思的句子完成短文，选项中有一项是多余选项。 Exercise is important for staying in good health. In this article, we will discuss how exercise can make us feel better and improve our overall well-being. 41 Exercise helps us stay at a healthy weight, build strong muscles and bones, and do better in sports. It also lowers our chances of getting sick. We can choose activities we enjoy, such as running, swimming, or cycling, and make it a part of our daily routine. Meeting new friends. When we exercise with other people, we can make friends and have fun. 42 Exercise can be a great way to meet new people who share our interests. We can join a sports team or a gym. This can help us feel less lonely. Less stress, more relaxation. When we exercise, we may feel more relaxed. It also helps us sleep better and feel less anxious. 43 For example, we can do yoga or go for a walk in nature. This can help us feel more peaceful and reduce our stress levels. Feeling good about ourselves. When we exercise, we can feel good of ourselves for reaching our goals. We can feel more confident. 44 In this way, exercise can be a great way to challenge ourselves and achieve things we never thought possible. 45 Exercise can be a great way to stay healthy and prevent diseases. It also helps us stay independent and reduces our risk of getting hurt. This helps us feel better and enjoy life more as we get older so that we can live longer and better. A．Living longer and better. B．Making our body healthier. C．Getting happier and smarter. D．Different kinds of activities can help us to relax. E．This helps us feel good about our own abilities. F．We study or work together and learn new skills. 【答案】41．B 42．F 43．D 44．E 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动如何让我们感觉更好，提高我们的整体健康。 【详解】41．根据下文“Exercise helps us stay at a healthy weight, build strong muscles and bones, and do better in sports.”可知，此处是指运动帮助我们保持健康的体重、强健的肌肉和骨骼，在运动中做得更好；选项B“使我们的身体更健康。”符合语境。故选B。 42．根据上文“When we exercise with other people, we can make friends and have fun.”可知，此处是指与其他人一起运动时，可以交朋友，一起学习或工作，玩得开心；选项F“我们一起学习或工作，学习新的技能。”符合语境。故选F。 43．根据上文“When we exercise, we may feel more relaxed. It also helps us sleep better and feel less anxious.”和下文“For example, we can do yoga or go for a walk in nature.”可知，此处是指不同的运动可以使我们放松，减少压力；选项D“不同的活动可以帮助我们放松。”符合语境。故选D。 44．根据上文“When we exercise, we can feel good of ourselves for reaching our goals. We can feel more confident.”可知，此处是指运动会使我们感觉良好，对自己的能力有信心；选项E“这有助于我们对自己的能力感觉良好。”符合语境。故选E。 45．根据下文“Exercise can be a great way to stay healthy and prevent diseases…so that we can live longer and better.”可知，此处是指运动会使我们健康长寿；选项A“活得更久、更好。”符合语境。故选A。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In earlier times, people didn’t build houses. They lived in caves (洞穴). Some travelled, carrying tents with them. About 10, 000 years ago, people began to build houses. 46 Houses of wood and felt (毛毡): Yurts Today in Mongolia (蒙古), people build their yurts in places where water is easy to get, and where there is grass for their horses and sheep. Wood and felt are common materials for the yurts. 47 48 In many parts of China, people have lived in large groups, inside the high mud walls of a tulou. Tulou means “earth building”. Inside there can be 250 rooms around a big courtyard. The buildings are made of wood. In the courtyard, people can cook, wash and dry clothes and children can play. Families also get together there for celebrations. At first, the tulou was built as safe places to protect people. Houses of mud bricks (砖) In hot places, there isn’t much wood. 49 The roof is flat and people can sleep there. People build some houses inside a courtyard and keep the animals in the yard. Houses of ice and snow.   The Inuit (因纽特人) build igloos. An igloo is also called a snow house. 50 . Larger igloos are built for families. They use snow to help keep out the cold. A．People make mud bricks and build a house with them. B．The house is not very big in size. C．Houses of mud (泥) and wood: Tulou D．Here are some examples of different houses all over the world. E．Hunters stay in an igloo during the winter season. F．The felt gives protection (保护) from the weather and keeps the cold and heat (热) away. G．People build a house with stones. 【答案】46．D 47．F 48．C 49．A 50．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界各地一些不同种类的房屋。 46．根据下文“Houses of wood and felt (毛毡): Yurts”、“Houses of mud bricks (砖)”以及“Houses of ice and snow. ”可知，下文介绍了几种世界各地的房子。选项D“这里有一些世界各地不同房屋的例子。”引起下文，符合语境。故选D。 47．根据前一句“Wood and felt are common materials for the yurts.”可知，木材和毛毡是蒙古包的常用材料。选项F“毛毡可以保护人们免受天气的影响，并远离冷热。”承接上文，符合语境。故选F。 48．根据下文“Tulou means ‘earth building’...The buildings are made of wood...At first, the tulou was built as safe places to protect people.”可知，本段是介绍土楼。选项C“泥木房屋：土楼”统领全段，符合语境。故选C。 49．根据小标题“Houses of mud bricks (砖)”可知，这一段介绍泥砖房。选项A“人们制作泥砖并用它们建造房子。”符合语境。故选A。 50．根据前文“The Inuit (因纽特人) build igloos. An igloo is also called a snow house.”可知，是在介绍冰屋。选项E“猎人们在冬季住在冰屋里。”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $