专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行)(暑假复习讲义)新七年级英语新教材外研版

2026-06-22
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专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行) 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学,以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识,重构整合形成体系 脉络重构:快速扫描高频考点,定位薄区 典例破题:精选例题,呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升:趁热打铁练一练,强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练,梯度设题;查漏补缺,闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 一般现在时 1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作; 2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理; 3. 主语为第三人称单数时动词的变化规则 1. 考查主语为第三人称单数时动词加-s/-es; 2. 结合频率副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never)考查; 3. 考查be动词(am/is/are)的正确使用。 一般过去时 1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态; 2. 动词过去式的规则变化与不规则变化。 1. 考查规则动词加-ed的读音及拼写; 2. 考查常见不规则动词的过去式(go→went, have→had等); 3. 考查时间状语(yesterday, last week, in 2020等)的搭配。 一般将来时 1. 表示将要发生的动作或状态; 2. will + 动词原形 与 be going to + 动词原形的区别。 1. 考查will + 动词原形的基本结构; 2. 考查be going to表示“计划、打算”的用法; 3. 考查时间状语(tomorrow, next week, in the future等)的搭配。 现在进行时 1. 表示此刻正在进行的动作; 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作。 1. 考查be动词(am/is/are)+ 动词-ing的正确搭配; 2. 考查现在分词的变化规则(加-ing、去e加-ing、双写加-ing); 3. 考查时间状语(now, look, listen等)的提示判断。 考情解码: 时态是英语语法的核心内容,也是各类考试的必考点。小升初阶段重点掌握四种基本时态的构成和用法,能够根据时间状语和语境判断时态。常考题型有单项选择、语法填空和按要求改写句子。命题趋势偏向语境化,要求学生在具体语境中准确使用时态。 ( 脉 | 络 | 重 | 构 ) ( 考 | 点 | 精 | 讲 ) 【课标要求】 1.一般现在时:理解其表经常性动作、客观事实的用法;掌握动词第三人称单数的变化规则;能正确使用频率副词。 2. 一般过去时:理解其表过去动作或状态的用法;掌握规则动词过去式的变化规则;能识别并记忆常见不规则动词的过去式。 3. 一般将来时:理解其表将来动作或状态的用法;掌握will和be going to的基本结构及区别。 4. 现在进行时:理解其表现在正在进行的动作的用法;掌握现在分词的变化规则。 知识点一 一般现在时 ◆一般现在时 1. 定义: 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作、客观事实或普遍真理。 I get up at 6:30 every day. 我每天六点半起床。(习惯性动作) The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。(客观事实) Water boils at 100°C. 水在100°C沸腾。(普遍真理) 2. 结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词原形/三单 (+ 其他) I like apples. / She likes apples. 否定句 主语 + do/does + not + 动词原形 + (其他) I don’t like apples. / She doesn’t like apples. 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? Do you like apples? / Does she like apples? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形? What do you like? / Where does she live? 3. be 动词的一般现在时 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 表语 I am a student. / She is happy. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 表语 I am not a teacher. / They are not at home. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 表语? Are you a student? / Is she your sister? 4. 动词第三人称单数变化规则 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -s work→works, play→plays, read→reads 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾 词尾加 -es wash→washes, watch→watches, go→goes, do→does 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y 为 i,加 -es study→studies, fly→flies, carry→carries 5. 常见时间状语 always(总是), usually(通常), often(经常), sometimes(有时), seldom(很少), never(从不), every day / week / year(每天/每周/每年), on Sundays(在星期天) I always get up at six o'clock in the morning. 我早上总是六点钟起床。 She usually goes to school by bike. 她通常骑自行车去上学。 Sometimes I watch TV, but I don't watch it every day. 我有时看电视,但不是每天都看。 (小贴士:sometimes 很自由,可以放在句首、句中或句末。) We never talk loudly in the library. 我们在图书馆里从不大声说话。 6. 注意:频率副词的位置 be动词之后: I am always happy. 实义动词之前: I always get up early. 记忆口诀:“总是百分百,通常八九十,经常六七十,有时对半开,很少近于零,从不等于零; be 后动前要记清,every / on Sundays 放最后!” 【典例破题】(2025·北京·七上模拟)My father ______ to work by bus every day. A. go   B. goes   C. went   D. is going 【答案】 B 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查一般现在时中主语为第三人称单数时的动词形式。时间状语“every day”表示经常性动作,应用一般现在时;主语“My father”为第三人称单数,动词go应变为goes。故选B。 【方法提炼】 看到“every day / usually / often”等时间状语,首先考虑一般现在时;再看主语是否为第三人称单数,确定动词形式。 【易错警示】 易错点 1:主语为第三人称单数时,忘记加-s/-es。 错误:She like apples. 正确:She likes apples.(主语为第三人称单数,动词加-s) 易错点 2:否定句和疑问句中,用了does后动词忘记恢复原形。 错误:She doesn’t likes apples. 正确:She doesn’t like apples.(does后接动词原形) 易错点 3:be动词和实义动词混用。 错误:She is likes apples. 正确:She likes apples.(实义动词独立作谓语,不加be) 记忆口诀:一般现在时,习惯和真理;主语三单时,动词加-s;频率副词来提示,often, usually, always! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期中)—________ your brother like animals? —Yes, he ________ with the dog every day. A.Does; plays B.Does; play C.Do; plays D.Do; play 2.(25-26七年级下·四川巴中·期中)The sun ______in the east every day, but we can’t see it now because it ________. A.rises, rains B.rises, is raining C.is rising, is raining 3.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期中)Look at the board! The train ________ at 10:20. We’d better set off right now. A.leaves B.left C.has left D.has been left 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级上·河南焦作·期中)My brother usually ________ (fly) kites with me at weekends. 2.(25-26七年级下·安徽阜阳·期中)Many people l________ (借给) food and drinks to street workers. 3.(23-24七年级上·浙江杭州·期中)— How do you s________ the word “library”?    — L-i-b-r-a-r-y. 【巩固提升3】 1.(25-26七年级下·黑龙江佳木斯·期中)He goes to school at 7:30. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ to school at 7:30? 2.(22-23七年级上·上海长宁·期中)We call people from Thailand Thai. (划线部分提问) ________ ________ you call people from Thailand? 3.(25-26七年级下·重庆·期中)He has to practise the guitar. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ to practise the guitar. 知识点二 一般过去时 ◆一般过去时 1. 定义: 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 I visited my grandparents yesterday. 我昨天看望了祖父母。 She was a teacher five years ago. 五年前她是一名老师。 2. 结构: 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 (+ 其他) I watched TV last night. 否定句 主语 + did + not + 动词原形 (+ 其他) I didn’t watch TV last night. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? Did you watch TV last night? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? What did you do last night? 3. be动词的一般过去时: 主语 be动词过去式 I / He / She / It was We / You / They were I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 They were in the park last Sunday. 他们上周日在公园。 4. 动词过去式的规则变化 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -ed work→worked, play→played, watch→watched 以不发音的e结尾 词尾加 -d live→lived, like→liked, dance→danced 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y 为 i,加 -ed study→studied, cry→cried, carry→carried 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加 -ed stop→stopped, plan→planned, trip→tripped 5. 常见不规则动词过去式(必须熟记) 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 go went have / has had buy bought bring brought do / does did see saw think thought teach taught come came take took begin began give gave get got eat ate know knew write wrote 6. 常用时间状语 yesterday(昨天), last night / week / year(昨晚/上周/去年), in 2023(在2023年), two days ago(两天前), just now(刚才), at that time(在那时) He went to visit his grandpa last weekend. 上周末,他去拜访了他的爷爷。 My brother left Beijing in 2023. 我哥哥于2023年离开了北京。 He finished his work just now. 他刚刚完成了工作。 【典例破题】(2025·广州·七年级阶段测试)I ______ my grandma last weekend. A. visit   B. visits   C. visited   D. am visiting 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查一般过去时的用法。时间状语“last weekend”表示过去,应用一般过去时;visit的过去式为visited。故选C。 【方法提炼】 看到“yesterday / last... / ...ago”等时间状语,直接判断为一般过去时。 巧学妙记:“一般过去时,动词变过去;规则加 -ed,yesterday 是标志。be 动用 was / were, I 用 was 复数是 were;否定疑问上 did, 动词立刻打回原形!” 【易错警示】 易错点 1:规则动词过去式拼写错误。 错误:study → studyed 正确:study → studied(变 y 为 i,加 -ed) 错误:stop → stop ed 正确:stop → stopped(双写p加-ed) 易错点 2: 不规则动词过去式记错。 错误:go → goed 正确:go → went(不规则变化) 技巧:高频不规则动词必须反复记忆,没有捷径。 易错点 3:否定句和疑问句中,用了did后动词忘记恢复原形 错误:I didn’t went to school. 正确:I didn’t go to school.(did后接动词原形) 记忆口诀:一般过去时,动作已过去;yesterday, last week, ...ago;规则加-ed,不规则要牢记! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中)— Jake, what did you do for your mother on Mother’s Day? — I ________ some paper flowers for her. A.made B.make C.will make 2.(25-26七年级下·江苏南京·期中)—Mum, I can’t find my key to the door. —Oh, it ________ on the sofa when you came in. Look under the newspaper. A.lies B.lay C.laid D.lain 3.(25-26七年级下·广东江门·期中)— You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”. — Sorry, I ________ see it. A.don’t B.didn’t C.won’t D.am going to 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级下·北京·期中)We _________ the Olympic Park last Saturday and we had a wonderful time. A.visit B.visited C.are visiting D.will visit 2.(25-26七年级下·甘肃白银·期中)The teacher looked happy because all the students ________ (read) the books carefully. 3.(25-26七年级上·上海闵行·期中)He ________ to keep his promise to meet me yesterday. (failure) 【巩固提升3】 1.(22-23七年级上·全国·课后作业)________ your father ________ (go) to work every day last year? 2.(24-25七年级下·上海宝山·期中)Jenny read books about Chopin. (改为否定句) Jenny ________ ________ books about Chopin. 3.(25-26七年级上·上海崇明·期中)Ronda gave her cat some food every day. (保持句意基本不变) Ronda ________ some food ________ her cat every day. 知识点三 一般将来时 ◆一般将来时 1. 定义: 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 I will visit my uncle tomorrow. 我明天将看望我的叔叔。 She is going to buy a new bike. 她打算买一辆新自行车。 2. 结构: (1)will + 动词原形(表示单纯的将来,或临时决定做某事) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will + 动词原形 I will call you tonight. 否定句 主语 + will + not + 动词原形 I will not / won’t call you tonight. 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动词原形? Will you call me tonight? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形? When will you call me? (2)be going to + 动词原形(表示计划、打算做某事,或有迹象表明要发生) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 She is going to study in Beijing. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 She isn’t going to study in Beijing. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? Is she going to study in Beijing? 3. will 与 be going to 的区别 will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 表示单纯的将来 表示计划、打算做某事 表示临时决定做某事 表示有迹象表明要发生 I will answer the phone.(电话响了,临时决定) She is going to have a baby.(肚子大了,有迹象) I will be 13 next year. We are going to visit the museum next week.(计划好的) 4. 常用时间状语 tomorrow(明天), next week / month / year(下周/下月/明年), in two days(两天后), in the future(在未来), soon(不久), this evening(今晚) I am going to visit my grandma tomorrow. 我明天打算去看望奶奶。 My father will buy a new car next month. 我爸爸下个月会买一辆新车。 She will come back from Shanghai in two days. 她两天后从上海回来。 注意:in two days 是“两天后”,不是“两天内”哦!常和将来时连用。 【典例破题】(2025·深圳·七上期中)There ______ a football match in our school next Friday. A. will have   B. is going to have   C. is going to be   D. has 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查There be句型的一般将来时。There be句型不能与have连用,排除A、B、D;next Friday表示将来,There be句型的一般将来时为There will be或There is/are going to be。故选C。 【易错警示】 易错点 1:will 后接动词原形,不接过去式或三单形式 错误:She will goes to school. 正确:She will go to school.(will后接动词原形) 易错点 2:There be 句型与 have 混用 错误:There will have a concert. 正确:There will be a concert.(There be句型要用be动词) 易错点 3:be going to 中忘记加 be 动词 错误:She going to visit her uncle. 正确:She is going to visit her uncle.(be going to中be动词不能省略) 记忆口诀:一般将来时,明天或将来;will加原形,打算用going to;There be句型加be,不跟have瞎掺和! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级下·甘肃天水·期中)We ________ a visit to the Mogao Caves next Sunday. A.make B.made C.will make D.making 2.(25-26七年级下·江苏扬州·期中)There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. A.is going to be B.will have C.is going to have D.are going to be 3.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—Oh, these English words are so hard to remember! —Don’t worry, Tom! I ________ them with you after class. A.practise B.am practising C.practised D.will practise 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)The famous writer ________ (come) to our school and give us a talk on how to write wonderful stories in half a month. 2.(25-26七年级上·四川广安·期中)I am going to ________ (加入) a football club. 3.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Look at the dark clouds! It ________ (rain). It’s time for us to go back home. 【巩固提升3】 1.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)They are going to play tennis this afternoon.(改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ ________ to play tennis this afternoon? 2.(21-22七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)He is going to order a hamburger and a glass of juice.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) — ________ he ______________ a hamburger and a glass of juice? —No, he ________. 3.(25-26七年级下·山东烟台·期中)He did his chores yesterday.(yesterday改写tomorrow) He is ________ ________ do his chores tomorrow. 知识点四 现在进行时 ◆现在进行时 1. 定义:: 现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。 I am reading a book now. 我正在读一本书。(此刻正在进行) She is studying in Beijing this year. 她今年正在北京学习。(现阶段正在进行) 2. 结构: 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词 I am reading. / She is reading. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词 I am not reading. / She isn’t reading. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词? Are you reading? / Is she reading? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词? What are you doing? 3. 现在分词的变化规则: 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -ing go→going, read→reading, play→playing 以不发音的e结尾 去 e 加 -ing make→making, write→writing, dance→dancing 以辅音字母+y结尾 直接加 -ing study→studying, cry→crying 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加 -ing sit→sitting, run→running, swim→swimming, get→getting 4. 常用时间状语 now(现在), at the moment(此刻), Look!(看!), Listen!(听!), right now(此刻) 注意: Look! 和 Listen! 是现在进行时的“信号灯”,提示后面用现在进行时。 Look! The children are playing in the park. Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 5. 不用于进行时的词 有些动词一般不用于进行时,通常用一般现在时表示状态。常见的有: like(喜欢), love(爱), hate(讨厌), want(想要), know(知道), think(认为), believe(相信), understand(理解)等。 错误:I am wanting a new bike. 正确:I want a new bike. 【典例破题】(2025·成都·七年级阶段检测)Listen! The birds ______ in the tree. A. sing   B. sings   C. are singing   D. sang 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查现在进行时的用法。Listen! 提示动作正在发生,应用现在进行时;主语“The birds”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。 记忆口诀:现在进行时,动作正进行;be动词不能省,现在分词要记清;Look! Listen! 信号灯,看见它们用进行! 【易错警示】 易错点 1:现在分词变化时双写规则掌握不牢 错误:swim → swiming 正确:swim → swimming(重读闭音节,双写m加-ing) 易错点 2: 忘记be动词。 错误:She reading now. 正确:She is reading now.(现在进行时必须有be动词) 易错点 3:Look! / Listen! 不敏感。 错误:Look! The boys play football. 正确:Look! The boys are playing football.(Look! 提示正在发生) ◆四种时态综合对比 时态 时间状语关键词 结构 例句 一般现在时 every day, usually, often, always, sometimes, never 主语 + 动词原形/三单 I get up at 7. 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, two days ago, in 2020 主语 + 动词过去式 I got up at 7 yesterday. 一般将来时 tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon 主语 + will + 动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形 I will get up at 7 tomorrow. 现在进行时 now, at the moment, Look!, Listen! 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词 I am getting up now. 【巩固提升1】 1. (25-26七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中)Look! Some students ________ a kite, and others ________ on the grass. A.fly, sit B.is flying, is sitting C.are flying, are sitting 2.(25-26七年级下·云南曲靖·期中)My sister is _______ fat because she eats too much junk food and never exercises. A.getting B.get C.to get D.gets 3. (25-26七年级下·广东深圳·期中)Hurry up! The train ________, We’ll be late. A.leaves B.has left C.left D.is leaving 【巩固提升2】 1.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)James ________ (have) a BBQ in the yard this weekend, isn’t he? 2.(25-26七年级上·甘肃天水·期中)Jenny’s father is ________ (make) a salad now. 3.(24-25七年级下·福建漳州·期中)The children are ________ (dig) holes (洞) to plant trees. 【巩固提升3】 1.(24-25七年级下·广东韶关·期中)我的父亲正在看报纸。 My father ________ ________ a newspaper now. 2.(24-25七年级下·广东韶关·期中)Mike正在踢足球吗? ________ Mike ________ soccer? 3.(24-25七年级下·重庆永川·期中)The children are playing basketball on the playground. (对划线部分提问) ________ are the children ________ on the playground? 一、单项选择 1.(25-26七年级上·宁夏吴忠·期中)—What are you going to wear tomorrow for school? —I am going to ________ a blue T-shirt. A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.wore 2.(25-26七年级上·广东江门·期中)My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football. A.cleans; plays B.is cleaning; is playing C.cleans; is playing D.is cleaning; plays 3.(25-26七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中)—________ your father go fishing every day? —No. He ________ go fishing yesterday because he visited my grandpa. A.Did; doesn’t B.Did; didn’t C.Does; didn’t 4.(24-25七年级下·四川遂宁·期中)Look! Tom and his friends ________ soccer happily in the park. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are playing 5.(25-26七年级上·北京·期中)________ a report about history next Monday afternoon. A.There is B.There are C.There will be 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)Liu Yu ________ (like) Sichuan food very much. 2.(25-26七年级上·广西桂林·期中)She ________ (hug) her mother when she left home. 3.(25-26七年级上·广东·期中)They are ________ (celebrate) his birthday. 4.(25-26七年级上·上海徐汇·期中)In the next decade, new opportunities ________ (appear) in fields like AI and renewable energy. 5.(25-26七年级上·重庆·期中)My cousin ________ (study) math with his classmates every Friday afternoon. 三、语法选择 (25-26七年级下·重庆·期中)根据短文内容,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Today is Father’s Day. People from different countries are celebrating it in different ways. It’s 9:00 p.m. in Sydney, Australia. Bella is only eight years old. She is going to sleep but her mother tells her 1 something special for her dad first because it’s Father’s Day. Smart Bella quickly has some thoughts about it. Now, Bella is writing 2 a letter to show love and thanks. It’s 1:00 p.m. in Paris, France. The 13-year-old girl Élise is shopping with her friend Amélie to buy some gifts. They are both 3 high spirits. In front of the mall, there are many green taxis. Some are picking up passengers, and 4 are dropping off passengers. In the mall, they are visiting one store 5 another. Élise buys a cool hat with number seven on it because seven is her dad’s 6 number. It’s 7:00 p.m. in Chongqing, China. Zhang Xiaolong, a P.E. teacher, 7 to get home from work to celebrate 8 special day with his father. In Hongyadong, lights are shining brightly across the city, and boats are moving 9 down the river. Xiaolong and his father are eating delicious hot pot 10 drinking some beer at the same time by the river. 1.A.to do B.do C.does 2.A.his B.he C.him 3.A.at B.in C.to 4.A.other B.another C.others 5.A.after B.as C.before 6.A.luck B.lucky C.luckily 7.A.rushing B.is rushing C.rushes 8.A.the B.a C./ 9.A.slowly B.slow C.slows 10.A.or B.and C.before 四、语法填空 (25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段检测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     It’s the day before the Spring Festival. My family is busy preparing for 1 (go) to my grandma’s home. Dad 2 (check) the car now. “The journey will take about 5 hours,” he says. Mum is packing our clothes. “Don’t forget 3 (take) the red envelopes,” she tells us. I ask, “ 4 we bring some fruits for grandma?” “Good idea,” says Mum. “She loves apples.” My little brother is excited. He wants 5 (take) his toy car to share 6 his cousin. “Be careful 7 it,” I tell him. At 8 o’clock, we start our journey. After 8 long time on the road, we finally see grandma’s house. She is standing at the door 9 a smile. “Welcome home!” she says. We all feel happy. No matter 10 far we go, home is always the warmest place. 五、阅读理解 (25-26七年级上·山东临沂·期中)阅读下面短文, 完成短文后的问题。 Sofia lives with her family. There are five people in her family. They are her parents, her two brothers and her. They have a small but beautiful living room (客厅). Sofia likes it very much. She cleans it every day. The living room has a sofa, two chairs, a TV, a table and a bookcase. Sofia likes reading books in the living room. Usually, she chooses (挑选) a book from the bookcase and sits in a chair to read. When she is tired, she gets some sleep on the big sofa. Sometimes all the family stay (待) in the living room. Sofia can’t sleep or read when people are there. So she watches TV or plays games with them. Sometimes they put food and drinks on the table. They eat, talk and watch TV. In the winter, they put quilts (被子) on the sofa. It is nice to warm up with family on a cold night. Sofia really loves their living room. 1.How many brothers does Sophia have? 2.What things are there in the living room? 3.What does Sofia do in the living room? (List at least two things. 至少列举两项) 4.Why do they put quilts on the sofa in the winter? 5.What do you think of your living room? And what do you like doing there? 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行) 内容导航 01 复习目标→ 明考向、知权重、晓关联、以目标导学,以考向定标 02 知识重构 → 系统讲解核心知识,重构整合形成体系 脉络重构:快速扫描高频考点,定位薄区 典例破题:精选例题,呈现思路点拨+规范解答+方法提炼 巩固提升:趁热打铁练一练,强化巩固所学 03综合通关 → 综合演练,梯度设题;查漏补缺,闭环收官 知识点 常考考点 命题风向 一般现在时 1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作; 2. 表示客观事实或普遍真理; 3. 主语为第三人称单数时动词的变化规则 1. 考查主语为第三人称单数时动词加-s/-es; 2. 结合频率副词(always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never)考查; 3. 考查be动词(am/is/are)的正确使用。 一般过去时 1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态; 2. 动词过去式的规则变化与不规则变化。 1. 考查规则动词加-ed的读音及拼写; 2. 考查常见不规则动词的过去式(go→went, have→had等); 3. 考查时间状语(yesterday, last week, in 2020等)的搭配。 一般将来时 1. 表示将要发生的动作或状态; 2. will + 动词原形 与 be going to + 动词原形的区别。 1. 考查will + 动词原形的基本结构; 2. 考查be going to表示“计划、打算”的用法; 3. 考查时间状语(tomorrow, next week, in the future等)的搭配。 现在进行时 1. 表示此刻正在进行的动作; 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作。 1. 考查be动词(am/is/are)+ 动词-ing的正确搭配; 2. 考查现在分词的变化规则(加-ing、去e加-ing、双写加-ing); 3. 考查时间状语(now, look, listen等)的提示判断。 考情解码: 时态是英语语法的核心内容,也是各类考试的必考点。小升初阶段重点掌握四种基本时态的构成和用法,能够根据时间状语和语境判断时态。常考题型有单项选择、语法填空和按要求改写句子。命题趋势偏向语境化,要求学生在具体语境中准确使用时态。 ( 脉 | 络 | 重 | 构 ) ( 考 | 点 | 精 | 讲 ) 【课标要求】 1.一般现在时:理解其表经常性动作、客观事实的用法;掌握动词第三人称单数的变化规则;能正确使用频率副词。 2. 一般过去时:理解其表过去动作或状态的用法;掌握规则动词过去式的变化规则;能识别并记忆常见不规则动词的过去式。 3. 一般将来时:理解其表将来动作或状态的用法;掌握will和be going to的基本结构及区别。 4. 现在进行时:理解其表现在正在进行的动作的用法;掌握现在分词的变化规则。 知识点一 一般现在时 ◆一般现在时 1. 定义: 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作、客观事实或普遍真理。 I get up at 6:30 every day. 我每天六点半起床。(习惯性动作) The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。(客观事实) Water boils at 100°C. 水在100°C沸腾。(普遍真理) 2. 结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词原形/三单 (+ 其他) I like apples. / She likes apples. 否定句 主语 + do/does + not + 动词原形 + (其他) I don’t like apples. / She doesn’t like apples. 一般疑问句 Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? Do you like apples? / Does she like apples? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形? What do you like? / Where does she live? 3. be 动词的一般现在时 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 表语 I am a student. / She is happy. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 表语 I am not a teacher. / They are not at home. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 表语? Are you a student? / Is she your sister? 4. 动词第三人称单数变化规则 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -s work→works, play→plays, read→reads 以 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾 词尾加 -es wash→washes, watch→watches, go→goes, do→does 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y 为 i,加 -es study→studies, fly→flies, carry→carries 5. 常见时间状语 always(总是), usually(通常), often(经常), sometimes(有时), seldom(很少), never(从不), every day / week / year(每天/每周/每年), on Sundays(在星期天) I always get up at six o'clock in the morning. 我早上总是六点钟起床。 She usually goes to school by bike. 她通常骑自行车去上学。 Sometimes I watch TV, but I don't watch it every day. 我有时看电视,但不是每天都看。 (小贴士:sometimes 很自由,可以放在句首、句中或句末。) We never talk loudly in the library. 我们在图书馆里从不大声说话。 6. 注意:频率副词的位置 be动词之后: I am always happy. 实义动词之前: I always get up early. 记忆口诀:“总是百分百,通常八九十,经常六七十,有时对半开,很少近于零,从不等于零; be 后动前要记清,every / on Sundays 放最后!” 【典例破题】(2025·北京·七上模拟)My father ______ to work by bus every day. A. go   B. goes   C. went   D. is going 【答案】 B 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查一般现在时中主语为第三人称单数时的动词形式。时间状语“every day”表示经常性动作,应用一般现在时;主语“My father”为第三人称单数,动词go应变为goes。故选B。 【方法提炼】 看到“every day / usually / often”等时间状语,首先考虑一般现在时;再看主语是否为第三人称单数,确定动词形式。 【易错警示】 易错点 1:主语为第三人称单数时,忘记加-s/-es。 错误:She like apples. 正确:She likes apples.(主语为第三人称单数,动词加-s) 易错点 2:否定句和疑问句中,用了does后动词忘记恢复原形。 错误:She doesn’t likes apples. 正确:She doesn’t like apples.(does后接动词原形) 易错点 3:be动词和实义动词混用。 错误:She is likes apples. 正确:She likes apples.(实义动词独立作谓语,不加be) 记忆口诀:一般现在时,习惯和真理;主语三单时,动词加-s;频率副词来提示,often, usually, always! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期中)—________ your brother like animals? —Yes, he ________ with the dog every day. A.Does; plays B.Does; play C.Do; plays D.Do; play 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你哥哥喜欢动物吗?——是的,他每天都和狗一起玩。 问句主语“your brother”是第三人称单数,句中有实义动词“like”,构成一般疑问句需借助助动词“Does”;答句主语“he”是第三人称单数,根据时间状语“every day”可知,句子时态为一般现在时,谓语动词play需用第三人称单数形式plays。 2.(25-26七年级下·四川巴中·期中)The sun ______in the east every day, but we can’t see it now because it ________. A.rises, rains B.rises, is raining C.is rising, is raining 【答案】B 【详解】句意:太阳每天从东方升起,但我们现在看不见它,因为正在下雨。 第一空根据时间状语“every day”可知,太阳东升西落是客观真理,应用一般现在时,主语The sun为第三人称单数,谓语动词用rises;第二空根据时间状语“now”可知,表示此刻正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时,结构为be+doing,故填is raining。 3.(24-25七年级上·广东广州·期中)Look at the board! The train ________ at 10:20. We’d better set off right now. A.leaves B.left C.has left D.has been left 【答案】A 【详解】句意:看显示屏!火车10点20分出发。我们最好马上出发。 考查时态。根据“Look at the board! The train...at 10:20”可知此处表示按照时刻表进行的动作,用一般现在时,主语是The train,谓语动词用三单。故选A。 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级上·河南焦作·期中)My brother usually ________ (fly) kites with me at weekends. 【答案】flies 【详解】句意:我哥哥经常在周末陪我放风筝。根据频率副词usually,可知句子是一般现在时;主语my brother是第三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式flies。 2.(25-26七年级下·安徽阜阳·期中)Many people l________ (借给) food and drinks to street workers. 【答案】lend/end 【详解】句意:许多人把食物和饮料借给街道工人。根据中文提示及首字母l可知,“借给”对应的英文是动词lend,lend sth. to sb.“把某物借给某人”,句子描述一般事实,主语Many people为复数,谓语动词用原形,故填lend。 3.(23-24七年级上·浙江杭州·期中)— How do you s________ the word “library”?    — L-i-b-r-a-r-y. 【答案】(s)pell 【详解】句意:——“图书馆”这个词怎么拼写?——L-i-b-r-a-r-y。根据答语“L-i-b-r-a-r-y.”可知,此处询问怎么拼写“图书馆”这个词,spell“拼写”,动词,根据空前的助动词do可知,此处应用动词原形。故填(s)pell。 【巩固提升3】 1.(25-26七年级下·黑龙江佳木斯·期中)He goes to school at 7:30. (改为一般疑问句) ________ he ________ to school at 7:30? 【答案】 Does go 【详解】句意:他七点半去上学。句子为一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词goes是实义动词,改为一般疑问句需要借助助动词Does,动词goes改为原形go。 2.(22-23七年级上·上海长宁·期中)We call people from Thailand Thai. (划线部分提问) ________ ________ you call people from Thailand? 【答案】 What do 【详解】句意:我们称来自泰国的人为泰国人。call sb sth是双宾语用,画线部分“Thai”,疑问词用what,原句是一般现在时,主语we是复数,助动词用do。故填What;do。 3.(25-26七年级下·重庆·期中)He has to practise the guitar. (改为否定句) He ________ ________ to practise the guitar. 【答案】 doesn’t have 【详解】句意:他必须练习吉他。原句中“has”是关键词,表明时态为一般现在时,且谓语为实义动词“has to”(不得不,必须),改为否定句时,需要借助助动词doesn’t,后接动词原形have。 知识点二 一般过去时 ◆一般过去时 1. 定义: 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。 I visited my grandparents yesterday. 我昨天看望了祖父母。 She was a teacher five years ago. 五年前她是一名老师。 2. 结构: 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 (+ 其他) I watched TV last night. 否定句 主语 + did + not + 动词原形 (+ 其他) I didn’t watch TV last night. 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 (+ 其他)? Did you watch TV last night? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? What did you do last night? 3. be动词的一般过去时: 主语 be动词过去式 I / He / She / It was We / You / They were I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 They were in the park last Sunday. 他们上周日在公园。 4. 动词过去式的规则变化 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -ed work→worked, play→played, watch→watched 以不发音的e结尾 词尾加 -d live→lived, like→liked, dance→danced 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾 变 y 为 i,加 -ed study→studied, cry→cried, carry→carried 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加 -ed stop→stopped, plan→planned, trip→tripped 5. 常见不规则动词过去式(必须熟记) 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 go went have / has had buy bought bring brought do / does did see saw think thought teach taught come came take took begin began give gave get got eat ate know knew write wrote 6. 常用时间状语 yesterday(昨天), last night / week / year(昨晚/上周/去年), in 2023(在2023年), two days ago(两天前), just now(刚才), at that time(在那时) He went to visit his grandpa last weekend. 上周末,他去拜访了他的爷爷。 My brother left Beijing in 2023. 我哥哥于2023年离开了北京。 He finished his work just now. 他刚刚完成了工作。 【典例破题】(2025·广州·七年级阶段测试)I ______ my grandma last weekend. A. visit   B. visits   C. visited   D. am visiting 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查一般过去时的用法。时间状语“last weekend”表示过去,应用一般过去时;visit的过去式为visited。故选C。 【方法提炼】 看到“yesterday / last... / ...ago”等时间状语,直接判断为一般过去时。 巧学妙记:“一般过去时,动词变过去;规则加 -ed,yesterday 是标志。be 动用 was / were, I 用 was 复数是 were;否定疑问上 did, 动词立刻打回原形!” 【易错警示】 易错点 1:规则动词过去式拼写错误。 错误:study → studyed 正确:study → studied(变 y 为 i,加 -ed) 错误:stop → stop ed 正确:stop → stopped(双写p加-ed) 易错点 2: 不规则动词过去式记错。 错误:go → goed 正确:go → went(不规则变化) 技巧:高频不规则动词必须反复记忆,没有捷径。 易错点 3:否定句和疑问句中,用了did后动词忘记恢复原形 错误:I didn’t went to school. 正确:I didn’t go to school.(did后接动词原形) 记忆口诀:一般过去时,动作已过去;yesterday, last week, ...ago;规则加-ed,不规则要牢记! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中)— Jake, what did you do for your mother on Mother’s Day? — I ________ some paper flowers for her. A.made B.make C.will make 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——杰克,母亲节那天你为你妈妈做了什么?——我给她做了一些纸花。 根据问句中的助动词did可知,动作发生在过去,答语应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。应选made。 2.(25-26七年级下·江苏南京·期中)—Mum, I can’t find my key to the door. —Oh, it ________ on the sofa when you came in. Look under the newspaper. A.lies B.lay C.laid D.lain 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——妈妈,我找不到我的门钥匙了。——哦,当你进来的时候它躺在沙发上。看看报纸下面。 根据时间状语“when you came in”可知句子描述的是过去的状态,应用一般过去时。此处表示钥匙“躺”在沙发上,是不及物动词lie,其过去式为lay。 3.(25-26七年级下·广东江门·期中)— You can’t take photos here. Look at the sign. It says “NO PHOTOS”. — Sorry, I ________ see it. A.don’t B.didn’t C.won’t D.am going to 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你不能在这里拍照。看这个标志。上面写着“禁止拍照”。——对不起,我刚才没看见。 don’t不;didn’t没;won’t将不;am going to打算。根据对话语境可知,说话人是在对方提醒之前没看到标志,表示过去发生的动作或状态,应用一般过去时。故选B。 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级下·北京·期中)We _________ the Olympic Park last Saturday and we had a wonderful time. A.visit B.visited C.are visiting D.will visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们上周六参观了奥林匹克公园,我们玩得很高兴。 visit参观;visited参观(过去式);are visiting正在参观;will visit将参观。根据时间状语“last Saturday”可知动作发生在过去,谓语动词应用过去式。所以选B。 2.(25-26七年级下·甘肃白银·期中)The teacher looked happy because all the students ________ (read) the books carefully. 【答案】read 【详解】句意:老师看起来很高兴,因为所有学生都认真看书。根据主句“The teacher looked happy”使用一般过去时,从句可描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时。动词read的过去式与原型同形。 3.(25-26七年级上·上海闵行·期中)He ________ to keep his promise to meet me yesterday. (failure) 【答案】failed 【详解】句意:他昨天没能遵守承诺来见我。句中缺少谓语动词。failure为名词,其动词形式为fail,fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”。由句中时间状语yesterday可知,时态应用一般过去时,应填failed。 【巩固提升3】 1.(22-23七年级上·全国·课后作业)________ your father ________ (go) to work every day last year? 【答案】 Did go 【详解】句意:你爸爸去年每天去上班吗?根据标点符合和句意可知此句是一般疑问句,句子中含有实义动词“go”,因此变一般疑问句应在开头加助动词,根据“last year”可知,句子为一般过去时,因此助动词用“did”,位于句首首字母大写,第一空用“Did”,后面用动词原形go。故填Did;go。 2.(24-25七年级下·上海宝山·期中)Jenny read books about Chopin. (改为否定句) Jenny ________ ________ books about Chopin. 【答案】 didn’t read 【详解】句意:珍妮读了关于肖邦的书。原句中“read”是过去式,一般过去时的句子变否定句需要借助助动词“didn’t”,其后跟动词原形read。故填didn’t;read。 3.(25-26七年级上·上海崇明·期中)Ronda gave her cat some food every day. (保持句意基本不变) Ronda ________ some food ________ her cat every day. 【答案】 gave to 【详解】句意:Ronda每天给她的猫一些食物。根据“gave...to”表示“把……给……”,原句时态是一般过去时,动词使用过去式gave。故填gave;to。 知识点三 一般将来时 ◆一般将来时 1. 定义: 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 I will visit my uncle tomorrow. 我明天将看望我的叔叔。 She is going to buy a new bike. 她打算买一辆新自行车。 2. 结构: (1)will + 动词原形(表示单纯的将来,或临时决定做某事) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + will + 动词原形 I will call you tonight. 否定句 主语 + will + not + 动词原形 I will not / won’t call you tonight. 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动词原形? Will you call me tonight? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形? When will you call me? (2)be going to + 动词原形(表示计划、打算做某事,或有迹象表明要发生) 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 She is going to study in Beijing. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 She isn’t going to study in Beijing. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形? Is she going to study in Beijing? 3. will 与 be going to 的区别 will + 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形 表示单纯的将来 表示计划、打算做某事 表示临时决定做某事 表示有迹象表明要发生 I will answer the phone.(电话响了,临时决定) She is going to have a baby.(肚子大了,有迹象) I will be 13 next year. We are going to visit the museum next week.(计划好的) 4. 常用时间状语 tomorrow(明天), next week / month / year(下周/下月/明年), in two days(两天后), in the future(在未来), soon(不久), this evening(今晚) I am going to visit my grandma tomorrow. 我明天打算去看望奶奶。 My father will buy a new car next month. 我爸爸下个月会买一辆新车。 She will come back from Shanghai in two days. 她两天后从上海回来。 注意:in two days 是“两天后”,不是“两天内”哦!常和将来时连用。 【典例破题】(2025·深圳·七上期中)There ______ a football match in our school next Friday. A. will have   B. is going to have   C. is going to be   D. has 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查There be句型的一般将来时。There be句型不能与have连用,排除A、B、D;next Friday表示将来,There be句型的一般将来时为There will be或There is/are going to be。故选C。 【易错警示】 易错点 1:will 后接动词原形,不接过去式或三单形式 错误:She will goes to school. 正确:She will go to school.(will后接动词原形) 易错点 2:There be 句型与 have 混用 错误:There will have a concert. 正确:There will be a concert.(There be句型要用be动词) 易错点 3:be going to 中忘记加 be 动词 错误:She going to visit her uncle. 正确:She is going to visit her uncle.(be going to中be动词不能省略) 记忆口诀:一般将来时,明天或将来;will加原形,打算用going to;There be句型加be,不跟have瞎掺和! 【巩固提升1】 1.(25-26七年级下·甘肃天水·期中)We ________ a visit to the Mogao Caves next Sunday. A.make B.made C.will make D.making 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们下周日将去参观莫高窟。 根据时间状语“next Sunday”可知,本句时态为一般将来时,结构为“will + 动词原形”。 2.(25-26七年级下·江苏扬州·期中)There ________ a new film in the local cinema this weekend. A.is going to be B.will have C.is going to have D.are going to be 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个周末当地电影院将有一部新电影。 is going to be将要有;will have将有;is going to have将要有;are going to be将要有。此处为there be句型,there be句型不可与have/has连用;又因主语“a new film”为单数,be动词应用is。 3.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—Oh, these English words are so hard to remember! —Don’t worry, Tom! I ________ them with you after class. A.practise B.am practising C.practised D.will practise 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——哦,这些英语单词太难记住了!——别担心,汤姆!下课后我会和你一起练习它们。 practise练习,一般现在时;am practising正在练习,现在进行时;practised练习,一般过去时;will practise将会练习,一般将来时。根据“after class”可知,下课后是将来的时间,表示将要发生的动作,应用一般将来时。应填will practise。 【巩固提升2】 1.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)The famous writer ________ (come) to our school and give us a talk on how to write wonderful stories in half a month. 【答案】will come 【详解】句意:这位著名的作家将在半个月后到我们学校,给我们做一场关于如何写精彩故事的讲座。句中的时间状语in half a month意为“半个月后”,表示将来的时间,因此句子需要用一般将来时,其结构为will+动词原形,所以填will come。 2.(25-26七年级上·四川广安·期中)I am going to ________ (加入) a football club. 【答案】join 【详解】句意:我打算加入一个足球俱乐部。join“加入”,be going to do sth“打算做某事”。故填join。 3.(25-26七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)Look at the dark clouds! It ________ (rain). It’s time for us to go back home. 【答案】is going to rain 【详解】句意:看那乌云!要下雨了。我们该回家了。根据语境,句中通过“乌云”这一迹象,来预测即将发生的天气变化,应使用表示根据迹象预测将来的结构be going to+动词原形。主语是It,be动词用is,因此填is going to rain。 【巩固提升3】 1.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)They are going to play tennis this afternoon.(改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ ________ to play tennis this afternoon? 【答案】 Are they going 【详解】句意:他们今天下午要去打网球。句中有be动词,变疑问句时把be动词are放主语之前,其他不变。故填Are;they;going。 2.(21-22七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)He is going to order a hamburger and a glass of juice.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答) — ________ he ______________ a hamburger and a glass of juice? —No, he ________. 【答案】 Is going to order isn’t 【详解】句意:他要点一个汉堡包和一杯果汁。改为疑问句时,把be动词is放主语he之前,其他不变;其否定回答为No, he isn’t。故填Is;going to order;isn’t。 3.(25-26七年级下·山东烟台·期中)He did his chores yesterday.(yesterday改写tomorrow) He is ________ ________ do his chores tomorrow. 【答案】 going to 【详解】句意:他昨天做了家务。改为tomorrow时,时间状语变为将来时间,用be going to结构。主语He为第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填going;to。 知识点四 现在进行时 ◆现在进行时 1. 定义:: 现在进行时表示此刻正在进行的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作。 I am reading a book now. 我正在读一本书。(此刻正在进行) She is studying in Beijing this year. 她今年正在北京学习。(现阶段正在进行) 2. 结构: 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词 I am reading. / She is reading. 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 现在分词 I am not reading. / She isn’t reading. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 现在分词? Are you reading? / Is she reading? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 现在分词? What are you doing? 3. 现在分词的变化规则: 情况 构成方法 示例 一般情况 词尾加 -ing go→going, read→reading, play→playing 以不发音的e结尾 去 e 加 -ing make→making, write→writing, dance→dancing 以辅音字母+y结尾 直接加 -ing study→studying, cry→crying 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾辅音字母,加 -ing sit→sitting, run→running, swim→swimming, get→getting 4. 常用时间状语 now(现在), at the moment(此刻), Look!(看!), Listen!(听!), right now(此刻) 注意: Look! 和 Listen! 是现在进行时的“信号灯”,提示后面用现在进行时。 Look! The children are playing in the park. Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. 5. 不用于进行时的词 有些动词一般不用于进行时,通常用一般现在时表示状态。常见的有: like(喜欢), love(爱), hate(讨厌), want(想要), know(知道), think(认为), believe(相信), understand(理解)等。 错误:I am wanting a new bike. 正确:I want a new bike. 【典例破题】(2025·成都·七年级阶段检测)Listen! The birds ______ in the tree. A. sing   B. sings   C. are singing   D. sang 【答案】 C 【思路点拨】 本题主要考查现在进行时的用法。Listen! 提示动作正在发生,应用现在进行时;主语“The birds”为复数,be动词用are。故选C。 记忆口诀:现在进行时,动作正进行;be动词不能省,现在分词要记清;Look! Listen! 信号灯,看见它们用进行! 【易错警示】 易错点 1:现在分词变化时双写规则掌握不牢 错误:swim → swiming 正确:swim → swimming(重读闭音节,双写m加-ing) 易错点 2: 忘记be动词。 错误:She reading now. 正确:She is reading now.(现在进行时必须有be动词) 易错点 3:Look! / Listen! 不敏感。 错误:Look! The boys play football. 正确:Look! The boys are playing football.(Look! 提示正在发生) ◆四种时态综合对比 时态 时间状语关键词 结构 例句 一般现在时 every day, usually, often, always, sometimes, never 主语 + 动词原形/三单 I get up at 7. 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, two days ago, in 2020 主语 + 动词过去式 I got up at 7 yesterday. 一般将来时 tomorrow, next week, in the future, soon 主语 + will + 动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形 I will get up at 7 tomorrow. 现在进行时 now, at the moment, Look!, Listen! 主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词 I am getting up now. 【巩固提升1】 1. (25-26七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中)Look! Some students ________ a kite, and others ________ on the grass. A.fly, sit B.is flying, is sitting C.are flying, are sitting 【答案】C 【详解】句意:看!一些学生正在放风筝,其他人正坐在草地上。 fly, sit(一般现在时);is flying, is sitting(现在进行时,主语为单数);are flying, are sitting(现在进行时,主语为复数)。句首的“Look!”是现在进行时的标志词,表示动作正在发生,因此要用现在进行时(be + 现在分词);主语“Some students”和“others”均为复数,be动词用are,因此are flying, are sitting符合语法和语境。 2.(25-26七年级下·云南曲靖·期中)My sister is _______ fat because she eats too much junk food and never exercises. A.getting B.get C.to get D.gets 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我姐姐正变胖,因为她吃太多垃圾食品且从不锻炼。 getting变得,是get的现在分词;get变得,是动词原形;to get变得,是get的动词不定式;gets变得,是get的第三人称单数。根据句中is可知,此处构成现在进行时结构be + doing,表示正在逐渐变胖,应填getting。 3. (25-26七年级下·广东深圳·期中)Hurry up! The train ________, We’ll be late. A.leaves B.has left C.left D.is leaving 【答案】D 【详解】句意:快点!火车要开了,我们要迟到了。 根据“Hurry up!”可知,火车还没有开走,但是即将开走,所以用一般将来时;而leave是表示位置移动的动词,所以用现在进行时表示将来,应填is leaving。 【巩固提升2】 1.(24-25七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)James ________ (have) a BBQ in the yard this weekend, isn’t he? 【答案】is having 【详解】句意:James 这周末要在院子里烧烤,不是吗?根据“James...a BBQ in the yard this weekend, isn’t he?”可知,句中时态为一般将来时,用现在进行时表将来,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is。故填is having。 2.(25-26七年级上·甘肃天水·期中)Jenny’s father is ________ (make) a salad now. 【答案】making 【详解】句意:珍妮的爸爸现在正在做沙拉。make“制作”,动词。由时间状语“now”可知,句子应用现在进行时,结构为“be动词+现在分词”。故填making。 3.(24-25七年级下·福建漳州·期中)The children are ________ (dig) holes (洞) to plant trees. 【答案】digging 【详解】句意:孩子们正在挖洞种树。根据“The children are...”以及所给动词“dig”可知,此处使用的是现在进行时,其结构为“be + 现在分词”。dig的现在分词形式是digging。故填digging。 【巩固提升3】 1.(24-25七年级下·广东韶关·期中)我的父亲正在看报纸。 My father ________ ________ a newspaper now. 【答案】 is reading 【详解】原句中“正在看”是关键词,表示“看报纸”的动词短语是read a newspaper。now表示时态为现在进行时,结构为“be + 现在分词”,主语father为单数,be动词用is,read用现在分词reading。 2.(24-25七年级下·广东韶关·期中)Mike正在踢足球吗? ________ Mike ________ soccer? 【答案】 Is playing 【详解】原句中“正在踢”是关键词,句子为现在进行时,主语Mike为第三人称单数,be动词为is,置于句首,首字母大写;表示“踢”的动词是play,此处应用现在分词playing。 3.(24-25七年级下·重庆永川·期中)The children are playing basketball on the playground. (对划线部分提问) ________ are the children ________ on the playground? 【答案】 What doing 【详解】句意:孩子们正在操场上打篮球。原句划线部分“playing basketball”是正在做的事情,所以要用特殊疑问词“What”来提问;原句是现在进行时,变成特殊疑问句时,结构为:“What+be动词+主语+doing+其他?”。故填What;doing。 一、单项选择 1.(25-26七年级上·宁夏吴忠·期中)—What are you going to wear tomorrow for school? —I am going to ________ a blue T-shirt. A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.wore 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你明天上学打算穿什么?——我打算穿一件蓝色的 T 恤。 根据“be going to”后接动词原形表示“打算做某事”,可知空处应填动词原形wear。 2.(25-26七年级上·广东江门·期中)My brother usually ________ his room after school. But now he ________ football. A.cleans; plays B.is cleaning; is playing C.cleans; is playing D.is cleaning; plays 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我哥哥通常放学后打扫他的房间,但现在他正在踢足球。 第一空根据“usually”可知,是经常性、习惯性动作,用一般现在时,主语“My brother”是第三人称单数,动词用cleans;第二空根据“now”可知,是正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,结构为“be+动词现在分词”,主语he对应的be动词是is,play的现在分词形式是playing。故填cleans;is playing。 3.(25-26七年级上·黑龙江绥化·期中)—________ your father go fishing every day? —No. He ________ go fishing yesterday because he visited my grandpa. A.Did; doesn’t B.Did; didn’t C.Does; didn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你爸爸每天都去钓鱼吗?——不。他昨天没去钓鱼,因为他去看望我爷爷了。 考查助动词do的时态辨析。第一空根据“every day”可知,句子描述的是经常性的动作,应用一般现在时,主语your father是第三人称单数,助动词用Does;第二空根据“yesterday”可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,结合“No”可知是否定句,助动词用didn’t。故选C。 4.(24-25七年级下·四川遂宁·期中)Look! Tom and his friends ________ soccer happily in the park. A.play B.plays C.is playing D.are playing 【答案】D 【详解】句意:看!汤姆和他的朋友们正在公园里开心地踢足球。 根据“Look”可知,句子用现在进行时;主语Tom and his friends是复数,be动词用are,应填are playing。 5.(25-26七年级上·北京·期中)________ a report about history next Monday afternoon. A.There is B.There are C.There will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意:下周一下午将有一个关于历史的报告。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。There is是一般现在时,且主语是单数;There are是一般现在时,且主语是复数;There will be是一般将来时。根据时间状语“next Monday afternoon”,可知此处句子是一般将来时。故选C。 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.(25-26七年级上·山东济南·期中)Liu Yu ________ (like) Sichuan food very much. 【答案】likes 【详解】句意:刘宇非常喜欢川菜。句中描述个人长期喜好,应用一般现在时,主语Liu Yu是第三人称单数,动词like要变为第三人称单数形式likes,作谓语。 2.(25-26七年级上·广西桂林·期中)She ________ (hug) her mother when she left home. 【答案】hugged 【详解】句意:她离开家的时候拥抱了她的妈妈。根据“She…her mother when she left home.”可知,句中when引导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时,主句时态应保持一致,此处需要hug的过去式hugged,符合语境及语法要求。故填hugged。 3.(25-26七年级上·广东·期中)They are ________ (celebrate) his birthday. 【答案】celebrating 【详解】句意:他们正在为他庆祝生日。根据“are”可知,此处是现在进行时“are doing”,空处应是现在分词celebrating。故填celebrating。 4.(25-26七年级上·上海徐汇·期中)In the next decade, new opportunities ________ (appear) in fields like AI and renewable energy. 【答案】will appear 【详解】句意:在未来十年,人工智能和可再生能源等领域将出现新的机遇。appear“出现”,根据“In the next decade”可知,句子时态为一般将来时,其结构为“will+动词原形”。故填will appear。 5.(25-26七年级上·重庆·期中)My cousin ________ (study) math with his classmates every Friday afternoon. 【答案】studies 【详解】句意:我的表弟每周五下午和他的同学一起学习数学。句中“every Friday afternoon”表示经常性、规律性的动作,应用一般现在时。主语My cousin是第三人称单数,study的第三人称单数形式为studies(变y为i加-es),应填studies。 三、语法选择 (25-26七年级下·重庆·期中)根据短文内容,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案,并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 Today is Father’s Day. People from different countries are celebrating it in different ways. It’s 9:00 p.m. in Sydney, Australia. Bella is only eight years old. She is going to sleep but her mother tells her 1 something special for her dad first because it’s Father’s Day. Smart Bella quickly has some thoughts about it. Now, Bella is writing 2 a letter to show love and thanks. It’s 1:00 p.m. in Paris, France. The 13-year-old girl Élise is shopping with her friend Amélie to buy some gifts. They are both 3 high spirits. In front of the mall, there are many green taxis. Some are picking up passengers, and 4 are dropping off passengers. In the mall, they are visiting one store 5 another. Élise buys a cool hat with number seven on it because seven is her dad’s 6 number. It’s 7:00 p.m. in Chongqing, China. Zhang Xiaolong, a P.E. teacher, 7 to get home from work to celebrate 8 special day with his father. In Hongyadong, lights are shining brightly across the city, and boats are moving 9 down the river. Xiaolong and his father are eating delicious hot pot 10 drinking some beer at the same time by the river. 1.A.to do B.do C.does 2.A.his B.he C.him 3.A.at B.in C.to 4.A.other B.another C.others 5.A.after B.as C.before 6.A.luck B.lucky C.luckily 7.A.rushing B.is rushing C.rushes 8.A.the B.a C./ 9.A.slowly B.slow C.slows 10.A.or B.and C.before 【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.A 9.A 10.B 【导语】本文主要介绍了在父亲节这一天,来自澳大利亚悉尼、法国巴黎和中国重庆的人们用不同的方式庆祝父亲节的情景。 【详解】1.句意:她打算去睡觉,但她妈妈告诉她首先要为她爸爸做一些特别的事情,因为今天是父亲节。 固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”,应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 2.句意:现在,贝拉正在给他写一封信来表达爱和感谢。 动词write后应接代词宾格作宾语,him“他”是代词宾格。his他的,形容词性物主代词;he他,人称代词主格,均不符合语法要求。 3.句意:她们俩兴致都很高。 固定搭配in high spirits意为“兴高采烈,兴致勃勃”。at在;to到,均不符合固定搭配。 4.句意:一些(出租车)在接乘客,另一些在让乘客下车。 根据“Some are picking up passengers, and ... are dropping off passengers.”可知,此处考查“some ..., others ...”句型,意为“一些……,另一些……”。other其他的;another另一个,均不符合与some的固定搭配用法。 5.句意:在商场里,她们正在逛一家又一家的商店。 根据“visiting one store ... another”可知,此处表示“逛完一家又一家”,one after another是固定搭配,意为“一个接一个地”,符合语境。as作为;before在……之前,均不符合固定搭配。 6.句意:Élise买了一顶上面有数字7的酷帽子,因为7是她爸爸的幸运数字。 此处修饰名词“number”应用形容词,lucky“幸运的”是形容词。luck运气,名词;luckily幸运地,副词,均不能修饰名词。 7.句意:体育老师张小龙正匆忙下班回家,和他的父亲一起庆祝这个特殊的日子。 根据上下文语境,句子描述的是正在发生的事情,应用现在进行时,结构为is/am/are+doing。 8.句意:体育老师张小龙正匆忙下班回家,和他的父亲一起庆祝这个特殊的日子。 根据“special day”可知,此处特指前文提到的父亲节,表特指应用定冠词the。 9.句意:在洪崖洞,灯光在整个城市明亮地闪耀着,船只在河上缓慢地移动。 此处需要副词修饰动词“move”,slowly“缓慢地”是副词。slow缓慢的,形容词;slows减速,动词三单,均不能修饰动词。 10.句意:小龙和他的父亲正在河边一边吃着美味的火锅,一边喝着啤酒。 “eating delicious hot pot”和“drinking some beer”两者之间是并列关系,应用and连接。or或者,表选择;before在……之前,表先后顺序,均不符合逻辑。 四、语法填空 (25-26七年级上·山东济宁·阶段检测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     It’s the day before the Spring Festival. My family is busy preparing for 1 (go) to my grandma’s home. Dad 2 (check) the car now. “The journey will take about 5 hours,” he says. Mum is packing our clothes. “Don’t forget 3 (take) the red envelopes,” she tells us. I ask, “ 4 we bring some fruits for grandma?” “Good idea,” says Mum. “She loves apples.” My little brother is excited. He wants 5 (take) his toy car to share 6 his cousin. “Be careful 7 it,” I tell him. At 8 o’clock, we start our journey. After 8 long time on the road, we finally see grandma’s house. She is standing at the door 9 a smile. “Welcome home!” she says. We all feel happy. No matter 10 far we go, home is always the warmest place. 【答案】 1.going 2.is checking 3.to take 4.can/could 5.to take 6.with 7.with 8.a 9.with 10.how 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者一家在春节前一天准备前往奶奶家过年的过程,包括出发前的准备、路上的行程以及到达时见到奶奶的温馨场景。 【详解】1.句意:我的家人正忙着准备去奶奶家。prepare for doing sth.意为“为做某事做准备”,介词for后接动名词。故填going。 2.句意:爸爸现在正在检查汽车。根据时间状语“now”可知,动作正在进行,应用现在进行时。主语“Dad”为第三人称单数。故填is checking。 3.句意:她告诉我们别忘了带红包。forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”,此处指别忘了带红包。故填to take。 4.句意:我们能给奶奶带些水果吗?此处表示请求允许,可用can或could。 5.句意:他想带上他的玩具车和表弟一起玩。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。故填to take。 6.句意:他想带上他的玩具车和表弟一起玩。share sth. with sb.意为“和某人分享某物”。 7.句意:我告诉他“小心它”。be careful with sth.意为“小心某物”。故填with。 8.句意:在路上过了很长时间后,我们终于看到了奶奶的房子。a long time意为“很长时间”,固定搭配。故填a。 9.句意:她正微笑着站在门口。with a smile意为“带着微笑”,表示伴随状态。故填with。 10.句意:无论我们走得多远,家永远是最温暖的地方。no matter how far意为“无论多远”,引导让步状语从句。故填how。 五、阅读理解 (25-26七年级上·山东临沂·期中)阅读下面短文, 完成短文后的问题。 Sofia lives with her family. There are five people in her family. They are her parents, her two brothers and her. They have a small but beautiful living room (客厅). Sofia likes it very much. She cleans it every day. The living room has a sofa, two chairs, a TV, a table and a bookcase. Sofia likes reading books in the living room. Usually, she chooses (挑选) a book from the bookcase and sits in a chair to read. When she is tired, she gets some sleep on the big sofa. Sometimes all the family stay (待) in the living room. Sofia can’t sleep or read when people are there. So she watches TV or plays games with them. Sometimes they put food and drinks on the table. They eat, talk and watch TV. In the winter, they put quilts (被子) on the sofa. It is nice to warm up with family on a cold night. Sofia really loves their living room. 1.How many brothers does Sophia have? 2.What things are there in the living room? 3.What does Sofia do in the living room? (List at least two things. 至少列举两项) 4.Why do they put quilts on the sofa in the winter? 5.What do you think of your living room? And what do you like doing there? 【答案】1.Two/2. 2.The living room has a sofa, two chairs, a TV, a table and a bookcase. 3.She reads books, gets some sleep, watches TV, plays games, eats food or talks with her family. 4.To warm up on a cold night. /Because they want to warm up on a cold night. 5.Our living room is small but clean. I usually read in it. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了 Sofia 的家庭成员构成、她家客厅的陈设物品以及家人在客厅进行的活动,表达了Sofia对客厅的喜爱之情。 【详解】1.根据文章第1段“They are her parents, her two brothers and her.”可推知结论Sofia有两个兄弟,答案为原文信息直接提取。 2.根据文章第2段“The living room has a sofa, two chairs, a TV, a table and a bookcase.”可推知结论客厅里的物品清单,答案为原文信息直接提取。 3.根据文章第2段和第3段“Sofia likes reading books in the living room.”“When she is tired, she gets some sleep on the big sofa.”等,可推知结论她在客厅做的事,至少列举两项。 4.根据文章第3段“It is nice to warm up with family on a cold night.”可推知结论冬天放被子是为了取暖,答案为原文信息直接提取。 5.本题为开放性试题,答案不唯一,需结合个人实际情况作答。描述客厅特点及喜欢做的活动,言之有理即可。 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行)(暑假复习讲义)新七年级英语新教材外研版
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专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行)(暑假复习讲义)新七年级英语新教材外研版
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专题05 时态(一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行)(暑假复习讲义)新七年级英语新教材外研版
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