专题03 Unit 1 You and Me 音标、语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新七年级英语暑期预习讲义（人教版）

Unit 1 You and Me 音标、语法、写作讲解 一．音标学习 元音 [ɑ:][ʌ] [ɔ:][ɒ] [ɜ:][ə] 读一读 1. [ɑ:] ɑrt [ɑ:t]艺术 cɑrd [kɑ:d]卡片 pɑrk [pɑ:k]公园 fɑrm[fɑ:m]农场 2. [ʌ] up [ʌp]向上 come[kʌm]来 does[dʌz]做 bus [bʌs]公共汽车 3. [ɔ:] horse[hɔ:s]马 door[dɔ:]门 for [fɔ:] 为了 pork[pɔ:k]猪肉 4. [ɒ] dog[dɒg]狗 whɑt[wɒt]什么 pot[pɒt]锅 box [bɒks] 盒子 5. [ɜ:] her[hɜ:]她的 bird [bɜ:d]鸟 girl[gɜ:l]女孩 nurse[nɜ:s]护士 6. [ə] ɑgo[ə'gəʊ]以前 per[pə]每 worker['wɜ:kə]工人 fɑther['fɑ:ðə]父亲 拼一拼 1.【ɑ:】 [ɑ:m] [ɑ:t] [kɑ:] [stɑ:t] [skɑ:] [fɑ:m] 2.【ʌ】 [nʌt] [bʌs] [lʌk] [sʌn] [fʌn] [lʌn] 3.【ɔ:】 [bɔ:l] [ɔ:l] [fɔ:l] [tɔ:l] [smɔ:l] [hɔ:l] 4.【ɒ】 [gɒt] [lɒt] [ɒf] [nɒt] [mɒk] [fɒks] 5.【ɜ:】 [bɜ:g] [gɜ:l] [fɜ:n] [tɜ:n] [hɜ:] [wɜ:k] 6.【ǝ】 [ʹbrʌðǝ] [ʹsɪstǝ] [ʹkʌlǝ] [ʹrʌbǝ] [ʹru:lǝ] [fǝʹget] 元音 [i:] [ɪ] [u:] [ʊ] [e] [ æ] 读一读 1.[i:] bee[bi:]蜜蜂 key[ki:]钥匙 teɑm[ti:m]小组 eɑt [i:t]吃 2.[ɪ] sit [sɪt]坐 big[bɪg]大的 give[gɪv]给 it [ɪt]它 3.[u:] food [fu:d]食物 moon[mu:n]月亮 rule[ru:l] 规则 noon[nu:n]中午 4.[ʊ] book [bʊk] 书 put[pʊt] 放 good[gʊd]好的 could[kʊd]能 5.[æ] bɑd [bæd]坏的 cɑt[kæt]猫 cɑp[kæp]帽子 bɑg[bæg]包 6.[e] red[red]红色的 bed [bed]床 heɑd[hed]头 let[let]让 拼一拼 1.【i:】 [mi:t] [hi:t] [ni:t] [fli:] [fi:l] [si:] 2.【ɪ】 [lɪd] [dɪd] [pɪn] [klɪk] [fɪks] [lɪft] 3.【u:】 [fu:d] [bu:t] [lu:n] [ku:l] [lu:p] [lu:n] 4.【ʊ】 [fʊt] [bʊk] [gʊd] [stʊd] [kʊk] [brʊk] 5.【æ】 [fæn] [lænd] [læmp] [plæn] [kæt] [flæt] 6.【e】 [les] [tel] [eg] [felt] [tekst] [men] 二．语法学习 be动词：am/is/are (1) 动词be常用作连系动词，用来表示人或事物的性质、状态等，在句中起连接主语和表语的作用，相当于主语和表语之间的一座桥梁。 (2) 动词be与主语的名词或代词在一起，常用“ ’ ”来代替is/am/are的第一个字母。 (3)主谓一致：I 用 am，you 用are，单数is，复数are。 人称 肯定式 缩略式 人称 否定式 缩略式 I am (I’m) I am not (I’m not) He She it is (he’s) (she’s) (it’s) He She it is not (he’s not or he isn’t) (she’s not or she isn’t) (it’s not or it isn’t) We You they are (we’re) (you’re) (they’re) We You they are not (we’re not or we aren’t) (you’re not or we aren’t) (they’re not or we aren’t) 随堂训练 一．am、is、are填空 1.Ann  in Class Three. She good at English. 2.— you Tom? —No, I Tim. 3.Where Tony from?He from the US. 4.Jack and I  both in Class 5,Grade 7. 5.We not in the same class. 6.I  Chinese. I  from Qingdao. 二．用 am, is, or are填空. Hello! I 1 Liu Yu. I 13 years old. I 2 from Chengdu, China. My favourite animal 3 the panda. I like hot pot very much. This is my new classmate. Her name is Sally Wood. She 4 also 13 years old. She __ 5 _ from Sydney, Australia. Now she lives in Chengdu with her parents. She likes Chinese food a lot. Her favourite food 6 Mapo tofu. Sally and I 7 good friends. 含系动词be的一般现在时 系动词be在一般现在时态中有三种形式：am, is, are。 二、基本句型 肯定句 主语+be+其他. 否定句 主语+be+not+其他. 一般疑问句+答语 Be +主语+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not. 特殊疑问句 ①疑问词（作主语）+be+其他？ ②疑问词（不作主语）+be+主语（+其他）？ 1.She is Amy. 她是埃米。 2.She isn’t Amy. 她不是埃米。 3.—Is she Amy? 她是埃米吗？ —Yes, she is. 是的，她是。 4.—Are you a doctor? 你是一名医生吗？—No, I’m not. 不，我不是。 5.Who is she? 她是谁？ 6.What’s her name? 她叫什么名字？ 随堂训练 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. What______ your name ? 2. The oranges ______orange. 3. Where ______ my boats ? 4. I _____ a student. 5. Emma and Ella twins. They from the US. 6. I 12 years old. Peter 12 years old too. 7. Lin Hai’s favourite colour green. 8. Lisa’s pet cat very cute. She likes it very much. 9. Tom and I both in the school band. 人称代词主格和形容词性物主代词 人称代词的主格和宾格 单复数 单　　数 复　　数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格 （放句首，作主语） I you he, she, it we you they 宾格 （放动词后，作宾语/表语） （放介词后，作宾语） me you him, her, it us you them 形容词性物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 my（我的） our（我们的） your（你的） your（你们的） his（他的） her（她的） its（它的） their（他/她/它们的） 【特殊用法】 1. 名词前用了形容词性物主代词就不能再用冠词。 It’s my key. 那是我的钥匙。 2. 与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。 This is my good friend. 这是我的好朋友。 名词性物主代词 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 含义 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 人称代词的基本用法： ★主格人称代词作主语，宾格人称代词作动词或介词的宾语。 ◎He is Eric. 他是埃里克。(he是主格，作主语) ◎I don’t know them. 我不认识他们。(them是宾格，作动词know的宾语) ★名词前用了形容词性物主代词就不能再用冠词。 ◎It’s my key. 那是我的钥匙。 ★与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。 ◎This is my good friend. 这是我的好朋友。 【习题1】 1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. (she) 2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. 3. Lucy is a girl. __________ studies in our school. Her parents live with __________. 4. Mick is my classmate. __________ is good at Physics. 5. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive. 6. Does __________ go to school everyday?(him) 7. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. 8. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. 【习题2】 1. I __________ your English teacher. 2. You _________ my dear students. 3. She _________ his mother. 4. He _________ a doctor. 5. It _________ my lovely cat. 6. We _________ in the classroom. 7. They _________ from China. 8. The book _________ in your bag. 9. The water _________ clean and sweet. 10. The water and air _________ fresh now. 11. Your father _________ strict. 12. Their teacher _________ outgoing. 13. Mary’s friends _________ nice and kind to us. 14. His sister and brother __________ smart 15. Students in No. 1 Middle School _________ smart and polite 2.人称代词it ★it 可以用来指代前文出现过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，避免重复。 ◎This is a book. It is very interesting. ◎The weather is nice today. I like it. ★指代不明性别的婴儿或动物 当不知道婴儿或动物的性别时，常用 it 来指代。 ◎Look at the baby. It is smiling. ◎There is a small animal in the garden. It is running fast. ★指代时间、距离、天气、温度等 it 常用来表示时间、距离、天气、温度等抽象概念。 1.表示时间 ◎It is seven o'clock now. ◎It is Monday today. 2.表示距离 ◎It is about 10 kilometers from my home to school. ◎How far is it from here to the park? 3.表示天气 ◎It is raining heavily. ◎It is sunny today. 4.表示温度 ◎It is 30 degrees centigrade in the room. ◎It is very cold outside. 当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主 语放在句末。 ★代替动词不定式作形式主语，常用句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do sth. ◎It is easy to learn English. ◎It is a good idea to go for a walk after dinner. ★代替从句作形式主语，常用句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句 ◎It is important that we study hard. ◎It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun. ★作形式宾语 动词不定式、动名词或从句作宾语，且其后跟有宾语补足语时，常用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾 语放在宾语补足语之后。 ◎I find it interesting to read this book. ◎He thinks it necessary that we practice speaking English every day. 【习题1】 二、用it完成句子（每空一词） 1.__________ is 6 kilometers from the school to the museum. 2.__________ is raining now. We can’t go out. 3.I think __________ necessary to drink enough water every day. 4.__________ is a pity that you missed the concert. 5.The cat is sleeping. Don’t wake __________ up. 6.__________ is Sunday tomorrow. We can go hiking. 7.__________ is 26℃ today. Quite comfortable. 8.He made __________ clear that he wouldn’t come. 9.Is __________ far from here to the train station? 10.__________ is fun to play basketball with friends. 三．写作学习 本单元的标题是“你和我”,话题是“结交新朋友”。 本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式介绍自己或他人。与此相关的写作内容有自我介绍和介绍他人(如家人、同学、朋友等)。 该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以应用文为主,应用文包括信件、电子邮件或演讲稿等。自我介绍或介绍他人时通常会涉及姓名、年龄、学校、居住地、家庭情况以及个人爱好等。 必备词句 1.introduce oneself 自我介绍　 2....years old ……岁　 3.live in...居住在…… 4.like doing sth.喜欢做某事　 5.play the guitar弹吉他　 6.make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 7.a photo of... ……的照片　 8.telephone number 电话号码     9.play table tennis 打乒乓球 10.read books 读书 　 11.play chess 下国际象棋　 12.play football 踢足球 开头句 I'd like to introduce myself. My name is Li Hua.I'm 13 years old.请允许我自我介绍一下。我叫李华，今年13岁。 中间局 1.I live in Chengdu with my parents. 我和父母一起住在成都。 2.I live with my big family. 我和我的大家庭住在一起。 3.I am in Class..., Grade... 我在……年级……班。 4.My ... teacher is ... 我的…… 老师是…… 7.I like sport and I often play basketball all the weekend. 我喜欢运动，我经常在周末打篮球。 8.My favourite sport is basketball and I often play it with my friends after school. 我最喜欢的运动是篮球，放学后我经常和朋友一起打篮球。 结尾句 1.Do you want to be my friend? 你想和我做朋友吗？ 2.Would you like to be my friend?你想成为我的朋友吗？ 写作实例 假设你是李华,你要参加学校举办的主题为“This is me!”的演讲比赛。请用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容包括个人信息、家人、爱好等。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Hello everyone, I'd like to introduce myself first. My name is Li Hua.I'm 13 years old. I am a student in Beijing Sunshine Middle School. There are three people in my family.Now, I live in Beijing with my parents.I have some different hobbies. I like all kinds of sports.My favourite sport is tennis.I like music, and I play the guitar in the school band. I also like reading books. This is me. Do you want to make friends with me? 写作实战 请以“My Best Friend”为题,根据下面的提示问题,用英语写一篇短文。 1.Who is your best friend?　2.What is his/her appearance(外貌)? 3.What is his/her hobby (爱好) ?　4.Why do you like him/her? 要求:1.内容须包含所提供的所有信息,可适当发挥;2.书写认真,句子通顺;3.词数不少于60。 综合训练 语法训练 一.根据句意及所给提示,用恰当的代词填空 1.  (我) am Lily and  (我) am 12 years old.   2.  (我们)often play basketball with  (他们)at school. 3.  (我) am from China. (我的) name is Wang Yaming. You can call (我) Yaming. 4.Do (你)know the girl over there?  (她) is in Class 6, Grade 7. 5. (我们) must keep our classroom tidy.  (它) is a little dirty. 二、用括号内形容词性物主代词的适当形式填空（每小题 3 分，共 30 分） 1. This is ______ (I) sister. ______ (she) name is Alice. 2. —What's ______ (you) telephone number? —______ (I) number is 8564-1234. 3. The boys are in ______ (they) classroom. ______ (they) teacher is Mr. Li. 4. Look at the bird. ______ (it) feathers are yellow. 5. Lucy is ______ (we) new classmate. ______ (she) favorite color is pink. 6. This is ______ (he) dog. ______ (it) name is Coco. 7. ______ (you) parents are nice. I like ______ (they) very much. 8. ______ (we) school is big. ______ (you) school is small but beautiful. 9. These are ______ (they) toys. ______ (it) are on the shelf. 10. ______ (he) favorite sport is basketball. ______ (I) is football. 三、按要求改写句子（每小题 5 分，共 30 分） 1. This is a book. The book is mine.（合并为一句） This is ______ ______. 2. Her favorite food is rice .（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ favorite food? 3. Our classroom is big.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ classroom big? 4. Is this your pencil?（作肯定回答） Yes, ______ ______. 5. These are our books.（对划线部分提问） ______ books are these? 6. My birthday is in October.（改为否定句）______ birthday ______ in October. 四.语法填空 　　阅读短文,在每个空格处填入一个合适的单词,补全短文。 　　Hello! My name 1.  Li Haoming. I'm a boy. I 2. a student in No.1 Middle School. I'm thirteen years old. 3. am from China. I'm in Class 1, Grade 7. I have a good friend. His name is Jim Green. 4. is thirteen years old, too. He is from the US. We 5. in the same class. His sister 6. two years old. 7. isn't a student. She is a nice girl. My English teacher is Miss Wang. 8. is twenty-nine years old. She is from Beijing. She is a good teacher. 写作训练 1．下个月，有几位外国学生(foreign students)将到你校学习访问。学校需要若干名擅长英语的小志愿者(volunteer)，带着她们体验校园生活。假如你是李华，希望成为其中一员。请你结合以下提示，给负责人Ms. Wang写一封英文自荐信。 Li Hua Age 13 Character friendly, active ... Favorite subject and reason (原因) English interesting, know more about the world Favorite sport and reason badminton, keep healthy ... 参考词汇：show sb. around 带领某人参观 写作要求： (1)作文必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (2)词数60左右。书写规范，意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯。 (3)请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Dear Ms. Wang, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you can choose me. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 2．假设你是李红，你的新笔友 Mike 来信想了解你的情况。请你根据以下提示给他回一封英文邮件，介绍自己的情况。 要求：1. 邮件须包括所有提示信息，可适当发挥，使行文连贯； 2. 不少于60词，邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 语言流畅，语法正确；书写规范，卷面整洁。 Dear Mike, I’m very happy to get your email. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope we can be good friends. Yours, Li Hong 3．开学已经一个多月了，请根据表格里的信息，以“This is me”为题，写一篇英文介绍，向同学展示优秀的你。 基本信息 Simon，12岁，来自徐州，在阳光中学七年级6班学习 外貌 又高又壮， 戴眼镜…… (至少再发挥一点) 兴趣爱好 喜欢打篮球，原因（至少一点） 是个科学迷， 原因（至少一点） 梦想 希望…… 要求：所有信息不得遗漏，括号内要求的发挥内容必须要有，70词左右 阳光中学 Sunshine Middle School This is me Hi, everyone! I’m Simon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．假如你是王伟，你通过国际学校认识了一位英国学生Frank，他想了解一下你的基本情况，请你根据下面所给信息给他回一封电子邮件。 写作要点： 1. 我叫王伟，今年11岁，来自哈尔滨市第四十九中学校（No. 49 Middle School）。 2. 喜欢唱歌和体育运动（sports），也喜欢交朋友（make friends）。 3. 表达在学校学习的心情：很高兴。非常喜欢学校和老师。 写作要求： 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和班级名。 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实完整，行文连贯。 3. 字迹工整，语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。 4. 不少于60词。 Dear Frank, Glad to get your email. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Wei 5．根据表格提示，以My Best Friend为题写一篇70词左右的英语短文，介绍好友Jimmy。 要求：1.短文应包括表格内所有内容要点。 2.不要逐条翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。 Name Jimmy Age 12岁 Class 光明中学(Guangming Middle School)七年级六班 Looks 高大、强壮…… Character 有礼貌，友好，乐于助人，…… Hobbies 谈论足球，听音乐，喜欢拆卸东西、了解工作原理 Hero 中国足球队员武磊 Dream 希望在下届世界杯(in the next World Cup)踢球 My Best Friend ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 You and Me 音标、语法、写作讲解 一．音标学习 元音 [ɑ:][ʌ] [ɔ:][ɒ] [ɜ:][ə] 读一读 1. [ɑ:] ɑrt [ɑ:t]艺术 cɑrd [kɑ:d]卡片 pɑrk [pɑ:k]公园 fɑrm[fɑ:m]农场 2. [ʌ] up [ʌp]向上 come[kʌm]来 does[dʌz]做 bus [bʌs]公共汽车 3. [ɔ:] horse[hɔ:s]马 door[dɔ:]门 for [fɔ:] 为了 pork[pɔ:k]猪肉 4. [ɒ] dog[dɒg]狗 whɑt[wɒt]什么 pot[pɒt]锅 box [bɒks] 盒子 5. [ɜ:] her[hɜ:]她的 bird [bɜ:d]鸟 girl[gɜ:l]女孩 nurse[nɜ:s]护士 6. [ə] ɑgo[ə'gəʊ]以前 per[pə]每 worker['wɜ:kə]工人 fɑther['fɑ:ðə]父亲 拼一拼 1.【ɑ:】 [ɑ:m] [ɑ:t] [kɑ:] [stɑ:t] [skɑ:] [fɑ:m] 2.【ʌ】 [nʌt] [bʌs] [lʌk] [sʌn] [fʌn] [lʌn] 3.【ɔ:】 [bɔ:l] [ɔ:l] [fɔ:l] [tɔ:l] [smɔ:l] [hɔ:l] 4.【ɒ】 [gɒt] [lɒt] [ɒf] [nɒt] [mɒk] [fɒks] 5.【ɜ:】 [bɜ:g] [gɜ:l] [fɜ:n] [tɜ:n] [hɜ:] [wɜ:k] 6.【ǝ】 [ʹbrʌðǝ] [ʹsɪstǝ] [ʹkʌlǝ] [ʹrʌbǝ] [ʹru:lǝ] [fǝʹget] 元音 [i:] [ɪ] [u:] [ʊ] [e] [ æ] 读一读 1.[i:] bee[bi:]蜜蜂 key[ki:]钥匙 teɑm[ti:m]小组 eɑt [i:t]吃 2.[ɪ] sit [sɪt]坐 big[bɪg]大的 give[gɪv]给 it [ɪt]它 3.[u:] food [fu:d]食物 moon[mu:n]月亮 rule[ru:l] 规则 noon[nu:n]中午 4.[ʊ] book [bʊk] 书 put[pʊt] 放 good[gʊd]好的 could[kʊd]能 5.[æ] bɑd [bæd]坏的 cɑt[kæt]猫 cɑp[kæp]帽子 bɑg[bæg]包 6.[e] red[red]红色的 bed [bed]床 heɑd[hed]头 let[let]让 拼一拼 1.【i:】 [mi:t] [hi:t] [ni:t] [fli:] [fi:l] [si:] 2.【ɪ】 [lɪd] [dɪd] [pɪn] [klɪk] [fɪks] [lɪft] 3.【u:】 [fu:d] [bu:t] [lu:n] [ku:l] [lu:p] [lu:n] 4.【ʊ】 [fʊt] [bʊk] [gʊd] [stʊd] [kʊk] [brʊk] 5.【æ】 [fæn] [lænd] [læmp] [plæn] [kæt] [flæt] 6.【e】 [les] [tel] [eg] [felt] [tekst] [men] 二．语法学习 be动词：am/is/are (1) 动词be常用作连系动词，用来表示人或事物的性质、状态等，在句中起连接主语和表语的作用，相当于主语和表语之间的一座桥梁。 (2) 动词be与主语的名词或代词在一起，常用“ ’ ”来代替is/am/are的第一个字母。 (3)主谓一致：I 用 am，you 用are，单数is，复数are。 人称 肯定式 缩略式 人称 否定式 缩略式 I am (I’m) I am not (I’m not) He She it is (he’s) (she’s) (it’s) He She it is not (he’s not or he isn’t) (she’s not or she isn’t) (it’s not or it isn’t) We You they are (we’re) (you’re) (they’re) We You they are not (we’re not or we aren’t) (you’re not or we aren’t) (they’re not or we aren’t) 随堂训练 一．am、is、are填空 1.Ann  in Class Three. She good at English. 2.— you Tom? —No, I Tim. 3.Where Tony from?He from the US. 4.Jack and I  both in Class 5,Grade 7. 5.We not in the same class. 6.I  Chinese. I  from Qingdao. 【答案】1.is,is 2.Are,am 3.is,is 4.are 5.are 6.am,am 二．用 am, is, or are填空. Hello! I 1 Liu Yu. I 13 years old. I 2 from Chengdu, China. My favourite animal 3 the panda. I like hot pot very much. This is my new classmate. Her name is Sally Wood. She 4 also 13 years old. She __ 5 _ from Sydney, Australia. Now she lives in Chengdu with her parents. She likes Chinese food a lot. Her favourite food 6 Mapo tofu. Sally and I 7 good friends. 【答案】1.am 2.am 3.is 4.is 5.is 6.is 7.are 含系动词be的一般现在时 系动词be在一般现在时态中有三种形式：am, is, are。 二、基本句型 肯定句 主语+be+其他. 否定句 主语+be+not+其他. 一般疑问句+答语 Be +主语+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not. 特殊疑问句 ①疑问词（作主语）+be+其他？ ②疑问词（不作主语）+be+主语（+其他）？ 1.She is Amy. 她是埃米。 2.She isn’t Amy. 她不是埃米。 3.—Is she Amy? 她是埃米吗？ —Yes, she is. 是的，她是。 4.—Are you a doctor? 你是一名医生吗？—No, I’m not. 不，我不是。 5.Who is she? 她是谁？ 6.What’s her name? 她叫什么名字？ 随堂训练 用be动词的适当形式填空 1. What______ your name ? 2. The oranges ______orange. 3. Where ______ my boats ? 4. I _____ a student. 5. Emma and Ella twins. They from the US. 6. I 12 years old. Peter 12 years old too. 7. Lin Hai’s favourite colour green. 8. Lisa’s pet cat very cute. She likes it very much. 9. Tom and I both in the school band. 【答案】1.is 2.are 3.are 4.am5.are ，are 6.am ，is 7.is 8.is 9.am 人称代词主格和形容词性物主代词 人称代词的主格和宾格 单复数 单　　数 复　　数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 主格 （放句首，作主语） I you he, she, it we you they 宾格 （放动词后，作宾语/表语） （放介词后，作宾语） me you him, her, it us you them 形容词性物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 my（我的） our（我们的） your（你的） your（你们的） his（他的） her（她的） its（它的） their（他/她/它们的） 【特殊用法】 1. 名词前用了形容词性物主代词就不能再用冠词。 It’s my key. 那是我的钥匙。 2. 与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。 This is my good friend. 这是我的好朋友。 名词性物主代词 单数 复数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 名词性 物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 含义 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 人称代词的基本用法： ★主格人称代词作主语，宾格人称代词作动词或介词的宾语。 ◎He is Eric. 他是埃里克。(he是主格，作主语) ◎I don’t know them. 我不认识他们。(them是宾格，作动词know的宾语) ★名词前用了形容词性物主代词就不能再用冠词。 ◎It’s my key. 那是我的钥匙。 ★与形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在形容词的前面。 ◎This is my good friend. 这是我的好朋友。 【习题1】 1. __________ is my aunt. We often visit __________. (she) 2. China is a developing country. _________is in the east of Asia. 3. Lucy is a girl. __________ studies in our school. Her parents live with __________. 4. Mick is my classmate. __________ is good at Physics. 5. These new houses are so nice. __________ are very expensive. 6. Does __________ go to school everyday?(him) 7. What day is __________ today? — __________ is Thursday. 8. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy. 【答案】1. She her 2. It 3. She her 4. He 5. They 6. He 7.it It 8. It 【习题2】 1. I __________ your English teacher. 2. You _________ my dear students. 3. She _________ his mother. 4. He _________ a doctor. 5. It _________ my lovely cat. 6. We _________ in the classroom. 7. They _________ from China. 8. The book _________ in your bag. 9. The water _________ clean and sweet. 10. The water and air _________ fresh now. 11. Your father _________ strict. 12. Their teacher _________ outgoing. 13. Mary’s friends _________ nice and kind to us. 14. His sister and brother __________ smart 15. Students in No. 1 Middle School _________ smart and polite 【答案】1.am 2.are 3.is 4.is 5.is 6.are 7.are 8.is 9.is 10.are 11.is 12.is 13.are 14.are 15.are 2.人称代词it ★it 可以用来指代前文出现过的单数可数名词或不可数名词，避免重复。 ◎This is a book. It is very interesting. ◎The weather is nice today. I like it. ★指代不明性别的婴儿或动物 当不知道婴儿或动物的性别时，常用 it 来指代。 ◎Look at the baby. It is smiling. ◎There is a small animal in the garden. It is running fast. ★指代时间、距离、天气、温度等 it 常用来表示时间、距离、天气、温度等抽象概念。 1.表示时间 ◎It is seven o'clock now. ◎It is Monday today. 2.表示距离 ◎It is about 10 kilometers from my home to school. ◎How far is it from here to the park? 3.表示天气 ◎It is raining heavily. ◎It is sunny today. 4.表示温度 ◎It is 30 degrees centigrade in the room. ◎It is very cold outside. 当动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主 语放在句末。 ★代替动词不定式作形式主语，常用句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + to do sth. ◎It is easy to learn English. ◎It is a good idea to go for a walk after dinner. ★代替从句作形式主语，常用句型：It + be + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句 ◎It is important that we study hard. ◎It is a fact that the earth goes around the sun. ★作形式宾语 动词不定式、动名词或从句作宾语，且其后跟有宾语补足语时，常用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾 语放在宾语补足语之后。 ◎I find it interesting to read this book. ◎He thinks it necessary that we practice speaking English every day. 【习题1】 二、用it完成句子（每空一词） 1.__________ is 6 kilometers from the school to the museum. 2.__________ is raining now. We can’t go out. 3.I think __________ necessary to drink enough water every day. 4.__________ is a pity that you missed the concert. 5.The cat is sleeping. Don’t wake __________ up. 6.__________ is Sunday tomorrow. We can go hiking. 7.__________ is 26℃ today. Quite comfortable. 8.He made __________ clear that he wouldn’t come. 9.Is __________ far from here to the train station? 10.__________ is fun to play basketball with friends. 【答案】1.It 2. It 3. it 4. It 5. it 6.It 7. It 8. it 9. it 10. It 三．写作学习 本单元的标题是“你和我”,话题是“结交新朋友”。 本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式介绍自己或他人。与此相关的写作内容有自我介绍和介绍他人(如家人、同学、朋友等)。 该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以应用文为主,应用文包括信件、电子邮件或演讲稿等。自我介绍或介绍他人时通常会涉及姓名、年龄、学校、居住地、家庭情况以及个人爱好等。 必备词句 1.introduce oneself 自我介绍　 2....years old ……岁　 3.live in...居住在…… 4.like doing sth.喜欢做某事　 5.play the guitar弹吉他　 6.make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 7.a photo of... ……的照片　 8.telephone number 电话号码     9.play table tennis 打乒乓球 10.read books 读书 　 11.play chess 下国际象棋　 12.play football 踢足球 开头句 I'd like to introduce myself. My name is Li Hua.I'm 13 years old.请允许我自我介绍一下。我叫李华，今年13岁。 中间局 1.I live in Chengdu with my parents. 我和父母一起住在成都。 2.I live with my big family. 我和我的大家庭住在一起。 3.I am in Class..., Grade... 我在……年级……班。 4.My ... teacher is ... 我的…… 老师是…… 7.I like sport and I often play basketball all the weekend. 我喜欢运动，我经常在周末打篮球。 8.My favourite sport is basketball and I often play it with my friends after school. 我最喜欢的运动是篮球，放学后我经常和朋友一起打篮球。 结尾句 1.Do you want to be my friend? 你想和我做朋友吗？ 2.Would you like to be my friend?你想成为我的朋友吗？ 写作实例 假设你是李华,你要参加学校举办的主题为“This is me!”的演讲比赛。请用英语写一篇演讲稿,内容包括个人信息、家人、爱好等。 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Hello everyone, I'd like to introduce myself first. My name is Li Hua.I'm 13 years old. I am a student in Beijing Sunshine Middle School. There are three people in my family.Now, I live in Beijing with my parents.I have some different hobbies. I like all kinds of sports.My favourite sport is tennis.I like music, and I play the guitar in the school band. I also like reading books. This is me. Do you want to make friends with me? 写作实战 请以“My Best Friend”为题,根据下面的提示问题,用英语写一篇短文。 1.Who is your best friend?　2.What is his/her appearance(外貌)? 3.What is his/her hobby (爱好) ?　4.Why do you like him/her? 要求:1.内容须包含所提供的所有信息,可适当发挥;2.书写认真,句子通顺;3.词数不少于60。 【答案】 My Best Friend I'd like to introduce my best friend to you all. She is a 13-year-old girl. Her name is Li Na. She is a student from Sunshine Junior High School. She is a tall and thin girl with long black hair. She also wears glasses. She looks beautiful. Li Na is a girl who loves sports. That's why she looks active and healthy. She likes all kinds of sports such as swimming and running. In my mind, Li Na is my best friend. I like her because she helps me a lot. 综合训练 语法训练 一.根据句意及所给提示,用恰当的代词填空 1.  (我) am Lily and  (我) am 12 years old.   2.  (我们)often play basketball with  (他们)at school. 3.  (我) am from China. (我的) name is Wang Yaming. You can call (我) Yaming. 4.Do (你)know the girl over there?  (她) is in Class 6, Grade 7. 5. (我们) must keep our classroom tidy.  (它) is a little dirty. 【答案】1.I,I 2.We,them 3.I,My ,me 4.you,She 5.We,It 二、用括号内形容词性物主代词的适当形式填空（每小题 3 分，共 30 分） 1. This is ______ (I) sister. ______ (she) name is Alice. 2. —What's ______ (you) telephone number? —______ (I) number is 8564-1234. 3. The boys are in ______ (they) classroom. ______ (they) teacher is Mr. Li. 4. Look at the bird. ______ (it) feathers are yellow. 5. Lucy is ______ (we) new classmate. ______ (she) favorite color is pink. 6. This is ______ (he) dog. ______ (it) name is Coco. 7. ______ (you) parents are nice. I like ______ (they) very much. 8. ______ (we) school is big. ______ (you) school is small but beautiful. 9. These are ______ (they) toys. ______ (it) are on the shelf. 10. ______ (he) favorite sport is basketball. ______ (I) is football. 【答案】1. my; Her 2. your; My 3. their; Their 4. Its 5. our; Her6. his; Its 7. Your; them 8. Our; Your 9. their; They 10. His; Mine 三、按要求改写句子（每小题 5 分，共 30 分） 1. This is a book. The book is mine.（合并为一句） This is ______ ______. 2. Her favorite food is rice .（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ favorite food? 3. Our classroom is big.（改为一般疑问句） ______ ______ classroom big? 4. Is this your pencil?（作肯定回答） Yes, ______ ______. 5. These are our books.（对划线部分提问） ______ books are these? 6. My birthday is in October.（改为否定句）______ birthday ______ in October. 【答案】1. my book 2. What's her 3. Is your 4. it is 5. Whose 6. My; isn't 四.语法填空 　　阅读短文,在每个空格处填入一个合适的单词,补全短文。 　　Hello! My name 1.  Li Haoming. I'm a boy. I 2. a student in No.1 Middle School. I'm thirteen years old. 3. am from China. I'm in Class 1, Grade 7. I have a good friend. His name is Jim Green. 4. is thirteen years old, too. He is from the US. We 5. in the same class. His sister 6. two years old. 7. isn't a student. She is a nice girl. My English teacher is Miss Wang. 8. is twenty-nine years old. She is from Beijing. She is a good teacher. 【答案】1.is 2.am 3.I 4.He 5.are 6.is 7.She 8.She 写作训练 1．下个月，有几位外国学生(foreign students)将到你校学习访问。学校需要若干名擅长英语的小志愿者(volunteer)，带着她们体验校园生活。假如你是李华，希望成为其中一员。请你结合以下提示，给负责人Ms. Wang写一封英文自荐信。 Li Hua Age 13 Character friendly, active ... Favorite subject and reason (原因) English interesting, know more about the world Favorite sport and reason badminton, keep healthy ... 参考词汇：show sb. around 带领某人参观 写作要求： (1)作文必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； (2)词数60左右。书写规范，意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯。 (3)请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名。 Dear Ms. Wang, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope you can choose me. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Ms. Wang, I’m Li Hua. I’m 13 years old. I’m friendly and active, so I’m good at getting on with others. My favorite subject is English, because it is interesting and helps me know more about the world. My favorite sport is badminton, and it helps me keep healthy. I can speak English well and I’m ready to show foreign students around our school. I hope you can choose me. I’m looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，用一般现在时 明确要点：介绍自己的基本信息，包括年龄、性格、最喜欢的科目及原因、最喜欢的运动及原因 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：不得在文中使用真实的姓名、校名和地名 [第二步：构思布局] 两段式结构： 第一段：介绍自己的基本信息 第二段：表达自己的希望与期待 [第三步：要点展开] 年龄描述：13 years old/13等 性格描述：friendly/active/outgoing等 最喜欢的科目及原因：English/interesting/know more about the world/very useful等 最喜欢的运动及原因：badminton/keep healthy/builds up my body/teaches me teamwork/makes me energetic等 2．假设你是李红，你的新笔友 Mike 来信想了解你的情况。请你根据以下提示给他回一封英文邮件，介绍自己的情况。 要求：1. 邮件须包括所有提示信息，可适当发挥，使行文连贯； 2. 不少于60词，邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 语言流畅，语法正确；书写规范，卷面整洁。 Dear Mike, I’m very happy to get your email. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope we can be good friends. Yours, Li Hong 【答案】 Dear Mike,      I’m very happy to get your email.      Now let me tell you something about myself. My name is Li Hong. I am 14 years old and I study in No. 1 Middle School. There are three people in my family, my parents and me. As for my hobbies, my favorite subject is English because I think it is very interesting and useful. I also like playing basketball with my friends after school, which makes me strong and healthy. Besides, I am an animal lover and dogs are my favorite animals. When it comes to food, I like eating apples best because they are good for my health. What about you?      I hope we can be good friends. Yours, Li Hong 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：英文邮件应用文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：基本信息、兴趣爱好、个人喜好 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不少于60词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接来信 主体段：依次介绍个人信息、爱好、喜爱的动物食物并说明理由 结尾：期盼成为好友 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：个人简介 基础信息：14 years old/study in No. 1 Middle School/fourteen years old/attend Grade Eight 家庭成员：there are three people in my family/a family of three/live with my parents 要点二：兴趣爱好（学科 + 运动） 喜爱的学科：my favorite subject is English/I love English best/English is my top subject 喜爱该学科的原因：very interesting and useful/fun to learn/helpful for communication 喜爱的运动：playing basketball with friends after school/play ball games after class/do sports with classmates 该运动的好处：makes me strong and healthy/keeps me fit/builds up my body 要点三：个人喜好（动物 + 食物） 喜爱的动物：dogs are my favorite animals/I love dogs most/puppies are my favourite pets 爱吃的食物：like eating apples best/apples are my favourite fruit/I prefer fresh apples 爱吃该食物的原因：are good for my health/keep me energetic/full of vitamins 3．开学已经一个多月了，请根据表格里的信息，以“This is me”为题，写一篇英文介绍，向同学展示优秀的你。 基本信息 Simon，12岁，来自徐州，在阳光中学七年级6班学习 外貌 又高又壮， 戴眼镜…… (至少再发挥一点) 兴趣爱好 喜欢打篮球，原因（至少一点） 是个科学迷， 原因（至少一点） 梦想 希望…… 要求：所有信息不得遗漏，括号内要求的发挥内容必须要有，70词左右 阳光中学 Sunshine Middle School This is me Hi, everyone! I’m Simon. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 This is me Hi, everyone! I’m Simon. I am 12 years old. I come from Xuzhou and study in Class 6, Grade 7 at Sunshine Middle School.   I am tall and strong. I wear glasses and have short black hair. I like playing basketball because it makes me strong and happy. I am also a science fan because science helps me understand how things work. My dream is to be a scientist in the future. I will work hard for it. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：基本信息（姓名、年龄、籍贯、学校班级）、外貌（又高又壮、戴眼镜、补充一点）、兴趣爱好（打篮球及原因、科学迷及原因）、梦想 确定人称：第一人称（I）为主 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，需以Simon身份介绍自己，涵盖表格所有信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：已给出，问候并自我介绍 主体段一：介绍基本信息和外貌 主体段二：介绍兴趣爱好及梦想 结尾段：表达决心 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：基本信息 姓名：Simon 年龄：12 years old/twelve 籍贯：come from Xuzhou/from Xuzhou 学校班级：study in Class 6, Grade 7 at Sunshine Middle School/study at Sunshine Middle School 要点二：外貌 身高体型：tall and strong 配饰：wear glasses 补充一点：have short black hair/have big eyes等 要点三：兴趣爱好—打篮球 喜欢原因：makes me strong and happy/helps me relax/make friends等 要点四：兴趣爱好—科学迷 喜欢原因：helps me understand how things work/interesting/fun/learn a lot等 要点五：梦想 梦想表达：be a scientist in the future/become an inventor等 决心表达：work hard for it/never give up等 4．假如你是王伟，你通过国际学校认识了一位英国学生Frank，他想了解一下你的基本情况，请你根据下面所给信息给他回一封电子邮件。 写作要点： 1. 我叫王伟，今年11岁，来自哈尔滨市第四十九中学校（No. 49 Middle School）。 2. 喜欢唱歌和体育运动（sports），也喜欢交朋友（make friends）。 3. 表达在学校学习的心情：很高兴。非常喜欢学校和老师。 写作要求： 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和班级名。 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实完整，行文连贯。 3. 字迹工整，语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。 4. 不少于60词。 Dear Frank, Glad to get your email. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Wei 【答案】 例文： Dear Frank, Glad to get your email. I’m Wang Wei, an 11-year-old boy from No. 49 Middle School in Harbin. I have many hobbies. I like singing and sports very much. Also, I enjoy making friends with others. It makes me happy. I feel great at school every day. I love my school and teachers because they are friendly and helpful. I hope we can be good friends. Please write to me soon. Yours, Wang Wei 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：电子邮件，属于应用文范畴，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：自我介绍（姓名、年龄、学校）；个人爱好（唱歌、运动、交朋友）；校园生活感受（开心、喜欢学校和老师） 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）为主 注意事项：不得使用真实姓名和班级名（范文使用“Wang Wei”和“No. 49 Middle School”为示例名称）、可适当加入细节使内容充实完整、不少于60词 第二步：构思布局 三段式结构： 开头段：问候+自我介绍（姓名、年龄、来自哪所学校） 主体段：个人爱好（唱歌、运动、交友）+ 校园生活感受（喜欢学校及老师的原因） 结尾段：表达交友愿望 + 结束语（Please write to me soon） 第三步：要点展开 要点一：自我介绍 基本信息：I’m Wang Wei, an 11-year-old boy from No. 49 Middle School in Harbin./My name is Wang Wei./I’m 11 years old and I’m from No.49 Middle School in Harbin.等 要点二：个人爱好 爱好一：I like singing and sports very much./I’m interested in singing and doing sports.等 爱好二：I enjoy making friends with others./I like to make new friends.等 要点三：校园生活感受 整体心情：I feel great at school every day./I’m happy at school.等 喜欢原因：they are friendly and helpful/classmates are kind等 5．根据表格提示，以My Best Friend为题写一篇70词左右的英语短文，介绍好友Jimmy。 要求：1.短文应包括表格内所有内容要点。 2.不要逐条翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。 Name Jimmy Age 12岁 Class 光明中学(Guangming Middle School)七年级六班 Looks 高大、强壮…… Character 有礼貌，友好，乐于助人，…… Hobbies 谈论足球，听音乐，喜欢拆卸东西、了解工作原理 Hero 中国足球队员武磊 Dream 希望在下届世界杯(in the next World Cup)踢球 My Best Friend ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 My best friend is Jimmy. He is twelve. He is in Class Six, Grade Seven at Guangming Middle School. Jimmy is tall and strong. He is polite and helpful. He likes talking about football and listening to music. He also enjoys taking things apart and learning how they work. His hero is Wu Lei, a great Chinese football player. His dream is to play in the next World Cup. I’m proud of him. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 明确文体：记叙文，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍挚友Jimmy的年级班级、外貌性格、兴趣爱好、偶像与人生梦想，表达自己为朋友骄傲的心情 确定人称：第一、第三人称 注意事项：人物信息完整，形象刻画清晰，行文简洁流畅，符合字数要求 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构 开头段：点明最好的朋友是Jimmy，交代年龄、就读学校与班级 主体段：描写外形、品性，罗列多项兴趣爱好 结尾段：介绍偶像、人生理想，抒发内心的自豪感 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：人物基础信息 best friend Jimmy/twelve years old/Class Six Grade Seven Guangming Middle School/closest friend named Jimmy/aged twelve/study in Guangming Middle School/my closest companion/basic personal information/school and class details 要点二：外貌与性格 tall and strong/polite and helpful/tall and athletic/well-mannered and ready to give a hand/good-looking and healthy/friendly and warm-hearted 要点三：兴趣爱好 talk about football/listen to music/take things apart to explore principles/chat about football matches/enjoy music/disassemble objects to study structures/have various hobbies/love sports and art/like exploring the inner structure of objects 要点四：偶像 hero is Wu Lei/famous Chinese football player/look up to Wu Lei/outstanding Chinese footballer/admire a sports star/regard a sports player as role model 要点五：梦想与个人感受 dream to compete in the next World Cup/be proud of him/hope to take part in the next World Cup/feel honored to be his friend/hold a lofty dream in sports/sincerely admire my friend 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $