专题09 Unit 4 My Favourite Subject音标、语法、写作讲解（暑假讲义）-2026年新七年级英语暑期预习讲义（人教版）

Unit 4 My Favourite Subject音标、语法、写作讲解 一．音标学习 辅 音[f] [v] [s] [z] [Ɵ] [ð] 学一学 1.[f] fine[faɪn]好的 foot[fʊt]脚 photo[fəʊtəʊ]照片 cough[kɔ:f]咳嗽 2.[v] five[faɪv]五 vɑse[vɑ:s]花瓶 fever[′fi:və]发烧 ever[′evə]曾经 3.[s] fɑce[feɪs]脸 see[si:]看见 cɑps[kæps]帽子 mouse[maʊs]老鼠 4.[z] is[ɪz]是 hɑs[hæz]拥有 nose[nəʊz]鼻子 zoo[zu:]动物园 5.[θ] third [θɜ:d]第三 bɑth[bɑ:θ]洗澡 thick[θɪk]厚的 mouth[maʊθ]嘴巴 6.[ð] they[ðeɪ]他们 thɑt[ðæt]那 then[ðen]那时 mother[′mʌðə]妈妈 拼一拼 1.【f】 [feɪs] [hɑ:f] [fi:t] [fɪt] [faɪn] [fʌn] 2.【v】 [veg] [væg] [verɪ] [hæv] [ves] ['vɪdɪəʊ] 3.【s】 [si:] [set] [seɪ] [bʌs] [sɪks] [kɪs] 4.【z】 [hɪz] [ zu:] [zi:l] [zest] ['zæg] [hǝ:z] 5.【Ɵ】 [Ɵri:] [ʹƟǝ:tɪ] [Ɵɪŋ] [Ɵæŋk] [tu:Ɵ] [Ɵru:] 6.【ð】 [ðɪs] [ðæt] [ði:z] [ðǝʊz] [ðeǝ] [ʹfɑ:ðǝ] 二．语法学习 1. 连词 and - 表示“和；又；而且”（并列与递进） 核心功能： 表示顺承、并列、添加或递进的关系，连接的两个部分在意义上是同等或相似的，没有转折或冲突。 a) 连接并列的单词或短语： 连接主语： My brother and I like sports. （我的哥哥和我都喜欢运动。） 连接谓语： In the morning, I read books and listen to music. （早上，我读书和听音乐。） 连接宾语： I like apples and bananas. （我喜欢苹果和香蕉。） 连接表语： Her favorite subjects are art and music. （她最喜欢的科目是美术和音乐。） b) 连接两个并列的句子： I help him with his Chinese, and he helps me with my English.（我帮助他学习语文，他帮助我学习英语。） It's Friday today, and we have an art lesson in the afternoon.（今天是星期五，我们下午有一节美术课。） c) 用于“祈使句 + and + 简单句”结构，表示“那么...就...”： Work hard, and you will get good grades. （努力学习，那么你就会取得好成绩。） Come early, and you can meet the teacher. （早点来，你就能见到老师。） 注意： and 连接两个以上成分时，通常放在最后一个成分之前，前面的成分用逗号隔开（英语中逗号使用不如中文严格，但此规则常见）。例如：I have a book, a pen, and a ruler in my bag. 2. 连词 but - 表示“但是；然而”（转折） 核心功能： 表示转折或对比关系，连接的两个部分在意义上是相反或相对的。 a) 连接并列的单词或短语（意义相反）： The game is difficult but interesting. （这个游戏很难但是很有趣。） （difficult 和 interesting 形成语气上的对比。） He is old but strong. （他年纪大了但是很强壮。） b) 连接两个并列的句子（意义相反或出乎意料）： I like math, but my friend thinks it's boring.（我喜欢数学，但是我的朋友觉得它很无聊。） She wants to go to the party, but she has too much homework.（她想去参加派对，但是她有太多作业。） c) 用于道歉或表达遗憾后提出相反情况： I'm sorry, but I can't come. （对不起，我来不了。） I'd love to go, but I'm busy. （我很想去，但是我很忙。） 重要区别： but 与 and 的选择完全取决于上下文逻辑。 I like English and history. （我喜欢英语和历史。）-> 都喜欢，顺承关系 I like English, but I don't like history. （我喜欢英语，但我不喜欢历史。）->喜欢与不喜欢，转折关系 3. 连词 because - 表示“因为”（原因） 核心功能： 用于引导原因状语从句，说明主句动作或状态发生的原因。回答“为什么”的问句。 a) 基本结构：主句 + because + 原因从句 I like P.E. because it's fun and exciting.（我喜欢体育课，因为它有趣又令人兴奋。） He is happy because he gets a good grade.（他很高兴，因为他取得了好成绩。） b) 可以置于句首：Because + 原因从句, + 主句（此时从句后通常加逗号） Because it's fun and exciting, I like P.E.（因为体育课有趣又令人兴奋，所以我喜欢它。） Because he gets a good grade, he is happy.（因为他取得了好成绩，所以他很高兴。） c) 用于回答Why...?的问句： — Why do you like music?（你为什么喜欢音乐？） — Because it's relaxing.（因为它很令人放松。） 🚫 最重要、最常犯的错误： because 和 so（所以）不能在同一个句子里连用。 在中文里，我们常说“因为...所以...”，但在英语中，because 和 so 都是连词，一个句子只能用一个连词来连接两个主句。 错误: Because I am tired, so I want to go to bed. 正确: Because I am tired, I want to go to bed. 正确: I am tired, so I want to go to bed. (Because 和 so 只能二选一) 总结对比表 并列 and 和；并且 My father and mother went for a walk 转折 but 但是 He is old,but he still works. 结果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work. 原因 because 因为 I was late for school because I missed the bus. 选择 or 或者；和（否定） Would you like fish or pork? 随堂训练 一、用 and, but, because,so 填空 1. I like apples __________ bananas. 2. He is tired, __________ he is happy. 3. She can sing __________ dance well. 4. I don't like math __________ it's difficult. 5. I get up early __________ go to school on time. 6. He has a pen __________ he doesn't have a pencil. 7. We like playing basketball __________ it's fun. 8. My father __________ mother are teachers. 9. It's raining, __________ we can't go out. 10. She likes English __________ she often reads English books. 【答案】1. and 2. but 3. and 4. because 5. and 6. but 7. because 8. and 9. so 10. and 二、按要求改写句子：用 but ，and 或 because 连接。 1. I like apples. I like bananas. I like apples __________ ___________. 2. I am tired. I finish my homework. I am tired __________ __________ __________ my homework. 3. She likes English. It's interesting. She likes English _______ _____ _____ interesting. 4. They have a dog. They have a cat. They have a dog ________ ________ _________. 5. I don't go out. It's raining. I don't go out _________ ________ ________ raining. 【答案】1. and bananas 2. but I finish 3. because it is 4. and a cat 5. because it is 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我喜欢面包和牛奶。 I like bread __________ ___________. 2.他很累，但他还在工作。He is tired __________ he is still working. 3.天气很冷，但我们很开心。It is cold __________ we are very happy. 4.她有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。She has a brother __________ __________ ___________. 5.他不喜欢数学，因为它很难。He doesn't like math __________ ________ ______ difficult. 【答案】1. and milk 2. but 3. but 4. and a sister 5. because it is 三．写作学习 本单元的标题是“我最喜欢的学科”,话题是“介绍某人喜欢的学科”。本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式写一篇和学科或学校生活有关的文章。常见的话题有:①介绍自己或他人最喜欢的学科,并解释原因; ②介绍自己或他人不喜欢的学科,并解释原因; ③描述某人的学校生活及上课情况。 该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以记叙文和应用文为主,应用文包括信件、电子邮件或演讲稿等。在写应用文时要符合对应文体的写作格式。 必备词句 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.school life学校生活　 2.this year今年　 3.go to school去上学　 4.from Monday to Friday从周一到周五　 5.in the morning在上午 6.in the afternoon在下午 7.art class美术课　 8.be good for 对……有好处　 9.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事　 10.labor class劳动课　 11.learn to do sth. 学习做某事　 12.in class 在课堂上　 13.ask sb. for help 向某人求助　 14.work out 解决;算出　 15.be good at擅长 16.Can you tell me about your life at junior high school? 你能给我讲讲你在初中的生活吗? (情态动词can开头的一般疑问句) 17.I think it's helpful for me to learn English well. 我觉得学好英语对我来说是很有帮助的。(I think后跟省略that的宾语从句;从句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语) 18.I like all the subjects because my teachers work hard to make the classes interesting. 我喜欢所有科目,因为我的老师们努力使课程有趣。(because引导原因状语从句) 写作实例 假如你是李婷,你的英国朋友Edward来信询问你的学校生活,请根据以下要点提示,给他写一封回信。 要点提示:1.简要介绍你上课的情况,包括每天上几节课等; 2.介绍最喜欢的学科及原因等。 写作要求:1.必须包含上述要点,内容可根据主题适当发挥; 2.词数70左右。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Dear Edward, Thanks for your letter. Let me tell you something about my school life. I'm very busy this year.I go to school from Monday to Friday. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.I have a lot of subjects.I like all the subjects, but my favourite is maths.I like it because I think it is easy and interesting.I also like Chinese because it's fun. Can you tell me about your school life? Yours, Li Ting 写作实战 假如你是李华,你校英文周刊正在以“My Favourite School Day”为题向同学们征稿。请你用英文写一篇文章投稿,介绍周一至周五你最喜欢的上学日。 内容包括: 1.你最喜欢的上学日是哪一天; 2.喜欢它的两个理由(喜欢的课程、课后活动等); 3.你的感受。 写作要求:1.词数70左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 【答案】 My Favourite School Day My favourite school day is Friday. Now let me tell you why I like this day. The first reason is that I have music on Friday. Music is my favourite subject. I like it best because music always makes me happy. My music teacher, Miss Wang, is beautiful and fun. She always works hard to make her lessons interesting and lively. The second reason is that there are interesting activities on that day when the last class ends. For example, I'm interested in sports and I often play sport with my friends. In a word, I love Friday so much. I'm always happy on that day. 综合训练 语法训练 一．、完成句子（单词填空及句型转换） 1． Math is a useful 　 　(and/but)difficult subject. 【答案】but 2． My name is Frank　 　I am 14 years old. 【答案】and 3． Jeff is only six, 　 　he can help to do the dishes. 【答案】but 4． I love listening to music　 　it can make me feel relaxed. 【答案】because 5． I like spring. 　 　, my sister likes winter. 【答案】However 6． My ruler is white,　 　(但是) hers is yellow. 【答案】but 7．Sally often speaks Chinese with her Chinese friends. S　 　 her Chinese is very good. 【答案】So 8．This bag is mine,　 　 that bag is not. 【答案】but 9．Jim　 　 (和) Susan are fine. 【答案】and 10． They're my grandparents, my parents, my sister　 　me. 【答案】and 11． My baseball is under the table　 　my schoolbag is on the sofa. 【答案】and 12． Lucy likes playing the guitar. Lucy doesn't like playing the erhu.(合并为一句) Lucy likes playing the guitar　 　 she doesn't like playing the erhu. 【答案】but 13． He gets up early, but he is still late for school. (改为同义句) He gets up early.　 　, he is still late for school. 【答案】However 14． I'm tidy. Gina isn't tidy.(改为并列句) I'm tidy,　 　Gina is 　 　 【答案】but；untidy 15． This morning Jack was late for school and Jane was late for school, too. (保持句意不变) This morning　 　Jack 　 　 Jane were late for school. 【答案】both；and 16． He likes basketball. He doesn't like volleyball. (用but连成一句) He　 　basketball　 　he　 　　 　volleyball. 【答案】likes；but；doesn't；like 17．Beef is healthy food. Rice is healthy food. (合并为一句) Beef　 　rice　 　healthy food. 【答案】and；are 18．I changed my lifestyle because I want to be healthier.(改为同义句) I want to be healthier,　 　I changed my lifestyle. 【答案】so 19．My jacket is red. Her jacket is blue.(连成一个句子) My jacket is red　 　　 　　 　is blue. 【答案】and/but；hers 20．My sister is tidy. My brother isn't tidy. (合并为一句) My sister is tidy,　 　my brother　 　. 【答案】but；isn't 21．He is tall man. He wears a white shirt.（合并为一个句子） He is a tall man　 　　 　a white shirt. 【答案】and he wears 22．My brother can play football and basketball. (同义句转换) My brother can play football　 　　 　　 　basketball. 【答案】as；well；as 23．I stayed at home last weekend.I didn't go to the cinema.(保持原句意思不变) I stayed at home last weekend　 　　 　going to the cinema. 【答案】instead；of 24．Our Chinese teacher is friendly to us. Our math teacher is friendly to us ,too (合并成一句) 　 　our Chinese teacher 　 　our math teacher are friendly to us. 【答案】Both；and 25．He likes movies. He doesn't like novels.（合并为一句） He likes movies, 　 　 he doesn't like novels. 【答案】but 二．选择填空 1.Read the book Cute Pets, 　　　you will know how to take care of your cat. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.or　　 B.so　　 C.and　　 D.but 【答案】C　句意:读一读《可爱的宠物》这本书,你就会知道该如何照顾你的猫了。本题考查连词。or或者,否则;so所以;and和,那么;but但是。空格处前后为顺承关系。故选C。 2.The doctors worked for ten hours, 　　　nobody took a break.  A.so　　 B.for　　 C.but　　 D.or 【答案】C　句意:医生们工作了十个小时,但没有人休息一下。本题考查连词的用法。前面说“工作了十个小时”,后面说“没有人休息”,前后有明显的转折关系,故选C。 3.Life is like a one-way race, 　　　treasure every moment as time cannot be won again.  A.so　　 B.and　　 C.or　　 D.but 【答案】A　句意:生活像一场单向的赛跑,所以要珍惜每时每刻,因为时间一去不再来。本题考查并列连词。so因此,所以;and和;or或者,否则;but但是。根据语境可知,设空处前后是因果关系,故选A。 4.Love from parents is like the wind—you can’t see it 　　　you can feel it. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.and　　 B.or C.but　　 D.so 【答案】C　句意:父母的爱就像是风——你虽然看不见它,却能感受到它。本题考查并列连词。空格前的you can’t see it和空格后的you can feel it之间存在转折关系,应用but。故选C项。 写作训练 1．假设你是七年级学生张伟。请你以“My Favourite Subject”为题，写一篇短文介绍自己最喜欢的学科。 内容包括： 1. 你最喜欢的科目是什么； 2. 你为什么喜欢这个科目（至少两个原因，用because和and）； 3. 你在这个课上做什么； 4. 你将来想从事什么相关职业。 要求： ·不少于60词； ·正确使用because, and, but（至少各一次）； ·语句通顺，语法正确。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 My Favourite Subject I am Zhang Wei. My favourite subject is English because it is very interesting and useful. I like English classes because we can play games and learn English songs. In class, I often read English books and talk with my classmates. But sometimes it is a little difficult for me. I want to be an English teacher in the future because I want to help more students. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：最喜欢的科目、喜欢的原因（至少两个）、课上活动、未来职业 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my) 注意事项：词数60词以上，必须正确使用because, and, but（至少各一次） [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明最喜欢的科目并用because和and说明喜欢的原因 中间段：描述课堂上的具体活动，用but转折说明困难 结尾段：表达未来职业愿望，再次使用because说明理由 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：最喜欢的科目 科目：English/Chinese/Maths/Science/History/Music/Art/PE等 要点二：喜欢的原因 原因 1：interesting/fun/relaxing/exciting等 原因 2：useful/helpful/important等 连接词：because it is interesting and useful/because it is fun and helpful/because it is enjoyable and practical等 要点三：课堂活动 活动 1：read English books/read stories等 活动 2：talk with my classmates/play word games等 转折：But sometimes it is a little difficult/But I still work hard等   要点四：未来职业 职业：English teacher/scientist/doctor/singer/writer等 理由：help more students/help people/make the world better等 2．假如你是Li Hua，你和其他同学正在讨论你们最喜欢的科目。请你结合下面的表格信息，以“Our Favourite Subjects”为题，用英语写一篇短文进行介绍。 Name Favourite subject Reason Learn about Future Plan WuXing biology interesting animals and plants … QinLin geography useful different countries … Li Hua Chinese important Chinese culture … 注意： 1.短文须包含表格中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.词数不少于60词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Our Favourite Subjects Hello! I’m Li Hua. Now my classmates and I are talking about our favourite subjects. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What’s your favourite subject? Please tell me. 【答案】例文： Our Favourite Subjects Hello! I’m Li Hua. Now my classmates and I are talking about our favourite subjects. Wu Xing’s favourite subject is biology because he thinks it’s interesting. He can learn about animals and plants in class. He wants to be a teacher in the future.  Qin Lin’s favourite subject is geography because it’s useful to him. He can learn about different countries in class. He often travels to different places in his free time.  I like Chinese best because it’s very important. I can learn about Chinese culture in class. I’m good at Chinese and I want to be a writer in the future. What’s your favourite subject? Please tell me. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体： 介绍类短文，以一般现在时为主； 确定要点：完整涵盖表格三人信息（最喜欢科目、喜欢理由、课堂所学内容、未来规划）； 确定人称：第一人称I介绍自己，第三人称he介绍两位同学； 注意事项：不得出现真实姓名和校名。 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：自我介绍，引出 “同学们讨论最喜欢的学科” 这一话题。 主体段：依次介绍Wu Xing、Qin Lin、Li Hua三人对应的全部表格信息，补充细节丰富内容。 结尾段：发出提问，自然收尾，和读者互动。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：开篇引入话题 Hello! I’m Li Hua. Now my classmates and I are talking about our favourite subjects. /We share our ideas with each other and talk about why we love them. 要点二：Wu Xing相关完整信息 Wu Xing’s favourite subject is biology because he thinks it’s interesting. He can learn about animals and plants in class. He wants to be a teacher in the future. /He enjoys watching plant growth experiments and hopes to teach biology to kids later.   要点三：Qin Lin相关完整信息 Qin Lin’s favourite subject is geography because it’s useful to him. He can learn about different countries in class. He often travels to different places in his free time. /He loves knowing foreign customs and dreams of visiting those foreign countries one day.   要点四：Li Hua（本人）相关完整信息 I like Chinese best because it’s very important. I can learn about Chinese culture in class. I’m good at Chinese and I want to be a writer in the future. /I read lots of ancient poems and hope to write stories to spread traditional Chinese culture. 3．在学校的每一天是忙碌的也是欢快的。假如你是王肖，请你根据下面的提示信息以“My School Day Routine”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈一谈你在学校的某一天的生活以及你喜欢的科目及原因。 提示：◆ How do you spend your school day? (get up, take a shower, go to bed...) ◆ What’s your favourite subject and why? (history / ..., exciting...) 要求：1. 根据提示信息，选择使用参考词汇，可适当发挥； 2. 语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范； 3. 短文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名）。若文中出现人名，请选择使用：Mr. Liu/Ms. Wang/Ma Li/Wang Gang; 4. 词数：不少于50。（标题和开头已给出，但不计入总词数。） My School Day Routine Hello, I’m Wang Xiao. Here is my school day routine. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】                                                                               My School Day Routine     Hello, I’m Wang Xiao. Here is my school day routine.     I usually get up at 6:30 a.m. Then I take a shower and have breakfast quickly. I go to school at 7:30. I have many classes every day. My favourite subject is history because it is very exciting. I can learn many interesting stories about the past. After school, I often play basketball with my classmates. It makes me relaxed. I go to bed at 9:30 p.m. Although I am busy, I feel happy every day.     I love my school life. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍日常生活的记叙短文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：一天的作息流程（早起到睡觉的日常活动）、最喜欢的学科 + 喜欢该科目的理由 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：词数不少于50 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：题目 + 给定开篇句，总起全文，引出自己的校园一日作息 主体段：分为两部分，依次介绍全天作息安排、喜爱的学科及理由，串联日常活动细节 结尾段：总结一天忙碌却快乐的感受，抒发对校园生活的喜爱，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：全天作息流程 晨起洗漱活动：get up at 6:30 a.m./take a shower/have breakfast quickly/wash my face/eat morning meals fast 上学通勤安排：go to school at 7:30/ride to school/walk to school 课后休闲活动：play basketball with my classmates/do sports with partners/play ball games together 晚间休息时间：go to bed at 9:30 p.m./sleep at nine sharp/head to bed early 日常感受效果：makes me relaxed /feel happy every day/takes away tiredness/cheers me up 要点二：最喜爱的学科 学科选择：history/English/Maths 喜欢原因：it is very exciting/full of fun/easy to understand 课堂具体收获：learn many interesting stories about the past/know old times’ secrets/gain lots of old knowledge 4．假设你是李华。你的笔友Peter来信向你了解你的初中课程，尤其是你最喜欢的学科。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇50词左右的回信，向Peter做一个介绍。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数，可根据需要作适当的发挥，以使行文连贯。 写作要点： 1. 学校所开设的课程有哪些； 2. 你最喜欢的学科； 3. 你为什么喜欢这个学科； 4. 谁是这个学科的科任老师； 5. 你什么时候上这个学科的课…… 写作要求： 1. 包含所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2. 词数50左右。 Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you. Now let me tell you something about my school subjects. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How about you? What subjects do you have at school? What’s your favorite subject? Write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you. Now let me tell you something about my school subjects. We have many subjects, such as Chinese, math and English. My favorite subject is English because it is very interesting and useful. My English teacher is Mr. Wang. He is kind and funny. We have English classes on Monday and Wednesday mornings. It helps me know more about the world. I enjoy learning English very much. How about you? What subjects do you have at school? What’s your favorite subject? Write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信（介绍性应用文），用一般现在时为主 明确要点：①学校开设的课程；②最喜欢的学科；③喜欢的原因；④科任老师；⑤上课时间 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称，词数约50，开头结尾已给不计入词数 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：承接来信，引出话题（已给出） 主体段：依次介绍课程、最喜爱的学科、原因、老师及上课时间 结尾段：询问对方情况，发出回信邀请（已给出） [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：学校开设的课程 课程：Chinese, math, English, history, music, PE, physics, geography等 要点二： 最喜爱的学科 学科选择：English/math/Chinese/music/PE等 喜欢原因： English: interesting and useful/helps me know the world/helps me make foreign friends等 math: fun to solve problems/helps me think carefully等 Chinese: helps me learn about our culture/the stories in class are fun等 具体说明： 老师特点：kind/funny/patient/always helps me when I have problems等 上课活动：sing English songs/play word games/do group discussions等 上课时间：on Monday and Wednesday mornings/every Tuesday and Friday afternoon等 5．假设你是李斌，你的英国好友Jack非常想了解你的校园生活。请你根据以下提示给Jack写一封邮件，介绍你这半个学期的学校生活。 提示：1. What is your favorite subject? Why? 2. Which day is your favorite school day? 3. What club do you join? 4. What do you think of your school life? 要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于70。 To: Jack@net.co.ukSubject: My school life Dear Jack, I am happy to share my school life with you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Bin 【答案】 Dear Jack,   I am happy to share my school life with you.   My favorite subject is English because it is fun and useful. I can talk with people from different countries. My favorite school day is Friday because we have a music class in the afternoon. It is very relaxing. I join the basketball club. I practice with my classmates every Tuesday and Thursday. It helps me keep healthy and make new friends.   I think my school life is great. I learn a lot and have fun every day. I really enjoy it. What is your school life like? Please tell me. Yours, Li Bin 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确认文体：这是一封介绍类邮件 (应用文)，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：需包含最喜欢的学科及原因、最喜欢的上学日、参加的社团以及对校园生活的看法 确定人称：第一人称 (I/my/me) 和第二人称 (you) 注意事项：词数不少于70；不得出现真实信息 (姓名/校名/地名)；语句通顺，意思连贯 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 第一段：承接已给出开头，表达分享校园生活的喜悦 第二段：介绍最喜欢的学科及原因、最喜欢的上学日及原因、参加的社团及活动 第三段：总结对校园生活的看法，询问对方情况 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：最喜欢的学科 学科名称：My favorite subject is English/math/science/Chinese/PE/history/art等 原因：because it is fun and useful/because I like my teacher/because it is interesting/because I am good at it等 作用：I can talk with people from different countries./It helps me learn more about the world.等 具体说明：My favorite subject is English because it is fun and useful. I can talk with people from different countries. 要点二：最喜欢的上学日 日期：My favorite school day is Friday/Monday/Wednesday等 原因：because we have a music class in the afternoon/because we have a PE class/because we finish school early/because we have a club activity等 感受：is very relaxing/makes me happy/keeps me energetic等 具体说明：My favorite school day is Friday because we have a music class in the afternoon. It is very relaxing. 要点三：参加的社团 社团名称：I join the basketball club/the reading club/the art club/the science club/the singing club/the chess club等 活动安排：practice with my classmates every Tuesday and Thursday/meet twice a week等 作用：helps me keep healthy/makes new friends/improve my skills/learn new things等 具体说明：I join the basketball club. I practice with my classmates every Tuesday and Thursday. It helps me keep healthy and make new friends. 要点四：对校园生活的看法 看法表达：I think my school life is great/wonderful/colorful/interesting等 感受：I learn a lot and have fun every day./I really enjoy it.等 询问对方：What is your school life like? Please tell me./What about yours?等 具体说明：I think my school life is great. I learn a lot and have fun every day. I really enjoy it. What is your school life like? Please tell me. $ Unit 4 My Favourite Subject音标、语法、写作讲解 一．音标学习 辅 音[f] [v] [s] [z] [Ɵ] [ð] 学一学 1.[f] fine[faɪn]好的 foot[fʊt]脚 photo[fəʊtəʊ]照片 cough[kɔ:f]咳嗽 2.[v] five[faɪv]五 vɑse[vɑ:s]花瓶 fever[′fi:və]发烧 ever[′evə]曾经 3.[s] fɑce[feɪs]脸 see[si:]看见 cɑps[kæps]帽子 mouse[maʊs]老鼠 4.[z] is[ɪz]是 hɑs[hæz]拥有 nose[nəʊz]鼻子 zoo[zu:]动物园 5.[θ] third [θɜ:d]第三 bɑth[bɑ:θ]洗澡 thick[θɪk]厚的 mouth[maʊθ]嘴巴 6.[ð] they[ðeɪ]他们 thɑt[ðæt]那 then[ðen]那时 mother[′mʌðə]妈妈 拼一拼 1.【f】 [feɪs] [hɑ:f] [fi:t] [fɪt] [faɪn] [fʌn] 2.【v】 [veg] [væg] [verɪ] [hæv] [ves] ['vɪdɪəʊ] 3.【s】 [si:] [set] [seɪ] [bʌs] [sɪks] [kɪs] 4.【z】 [hɪz] [ zu:] [zi:l] [zest] ['zæg] [hǝ:z] 5.【Ɵ】 [Ɵri:] [ʹƟǝ:tɪ] [Ɵɪŋ] [Ɵæŋk] [tu:Ɵ] [Ɵru:] 6.【ð】 [ðɪs] [ðæt] [ði:z] [ðǝʊz] [ðeǝ] [ʹfɑ:ðǝ] 二．语法学习 1. 连词 and - 表示“和；又；而且”（并列与递进） 核心功能： 表示顺承、并列、添加或递进的关系，连接的两个部分在意义上是同等或相似的，没有转折或冲突。 a) 连接并列的单词或短语： 连接主语： My brother and I like sports. （我的哥哥和我都喜欢运动。） 连接谓语： In the morning, I read books and listen to music. （早上，我读书和听音乐。） 连接宾语： I like apples and bananas. （我喜欢苹果和香蕉。） 连接表语： Her favorite subjects are art and music. （她最喜欢的科目是美术和音乐。） b) 连接两个并列的句子： I help him with his Chinese, and he helps me with my English.（我帮助他学习语文，他帮助我学习英语。） It's Friday today, and we have an art lesson in the afternoon.（今天是星期五，我们下午有一节美术课。） c) 用于“祈使句 + and + 简单句”结构，表示“那么...就...”： Work hard, and you will get good grades. （努力学习，那么你就会取得好成绩。） Come early, and you can meet the teacher. （早点来，你就能见到老师。） 注意： and 连接两个以上成分时，通常放在最后一个成分之前，前面的成分用逗号隔开（英语中逗号使用不如中文严格，但此规则常见）。例如：I have a book, a pen, and a ruler in my bag. 2. 连词 but - 表示“但是；然而”（转折） 核心功能： 表示转折或对比关系，连接的两个部分在意义上是相反或相对的。 a) 连接并列的单词或短语（意义相反）： The game is difficult but interesting. （这个游戏很难但是很有趣。） （difficult 和 interesting 形成语气上的对比。） He is old but strong. （他年纪大了但是很强壮。） b) 连接两个并列的句子（意义相反或出乎意料）： I like math, but my friend thinks it's boring.（我喜欢数学，但是我的朋友觉得它很无聊。） She wants to go to the party, but she has too much homework.（她想去参加派对，但是她有太多作业。） c) 用于道歉或表达遗憾后提出相反情况： I'm sorry, but I can't come. （对不起，我来不了。） I'd love to go, but I'm busy. （我很想去，但是我很忙。） 重要区别： but 与 and 的选择完全取决于上下文逻辑。 I like English and history. （我喜欢英语和历史。）-> 都喜欢，顺承关系 I like English, but I don't like history. （我喜欢英语，但我不喜欢历史。）->喜欢与不喜欢，转折关系 3. 连词 because - 表示“因为”（原因） 核心功能： 用于引导原因状语从句，说明主句动作或状态发生的原因。回答“为什么”的问句。 a) 基本结构：主句 + because + 原因从句 I like P.E. because it's fun and exciting.（我喜欢体育课，因为它有趣又令人兴奋。） He is happy because he gets a good grade.（他很高兴，因为他取得了好成绩。） b) 可以置于句首：Because + 原因从句, + 主句（此时从句后通常加逗号） Because it's fun and exciting, I like P.E.（因为体育课有趣又令人兴奋，所以我喜欢它。） Because he gets a good grade, he is happy.（因为他取得了好成绩，所以他很高兴。） c) 用于回答Why...?的问句： — Why do you like music?（你为什么喜欢音乐？） — Because it's relaxing.（因为它很令人放松。） 🚫 最重要、最常犯的错误： because 和 so（所以）不能在同一个句子里连用。 在中文里，我们常说“因为...所以...”，但在英语中，because 和 so 都是连词，一个句子只能用一个连词来连接两个主句。 错误: Because I am tired, so I want to go to bed. 正确: Because I am tired, I want to go to bed. 正确: I am tired, so I want to go to bed. (Because 和 so 只能二选一) 总结对比表 并列 and 和；并且 My father and mother went for a walk 转折 but 但是 He is old,but he still works. 结果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work. 原因 because 因为 I was late for school because I missed the bus. 选择 or 或者；和（否定） Would you like fish or pork? 随堂训练 一、用 and, but, because,so 填空 1. I like apples __________ bananas. 2. He is tired, __________ he is happy. 3. She can sing __________ dance well. 4. I don't like math __________ it's difficult. 5. I get up early __________ go to school on time. 6. He has a pen __________ he doesn't have a pencil. 7. We like playing basketball __________ it's fun. 8. My father __________ mother are teachers. 9. It's raining, __________ we can't go out. 10. She likes English __________ she often reads English books. 二、按要求改写句子：用 but ，and 或 because 连接。 1. I like apples. I like bananas. I like apples __________ ___________. 2. I am tired. I finish my homework. I am tired __________ __________ __________ my homework. 3. She likes English. It's interesting. She likes English _______ _____ _____ interesting. 4. They have a dog. They have a cat. They have a dog ________ ________ _________. 5. I don't go out. It's raining. I don't go out _________ ________ ________ raining. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1.我喜欢面包和牛奶。 I like bread __________ ___________. 2.他很累，但他还在工作。He is tired __________ he is still working. 3.天气很冷，但我们很开心。It is cold __________ we are very happy. 4.她有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。She has a brother __________ __________ ___________. 5.他不喜欢数学，因为它很难。He doesn't like math __________ ________ ______ difficult. 三．写作学习 本单元的标题是“我最喜欢的学科”,话题是“介绍某人喜欢的学科”。本单元要求学生使用所学的词汇和句式写一篇和学科或学校生活有关的文章。常见的话题有:①介绍自己或他人最喜欢的学科,并解释原因; ②介绍自己或他人不喜欢的学科,并解释原因; ③描述某人的学校生活及上课情况。 该话题对应的书面表达的体裁以记叙文和应用文为主,应用文包括信件、电子邮件或演讲稿等。在写应用文时要符合对应文体的写作格式。 必备词句 1.school life学校生活　 2.this year今年　 3.go to school去上学　 4.from Monday to Friday从周一到周五　 5.in the morning在上午 6.in the afternoon在下午 7.art class美术课　 8.be good for 对……有好处　 9.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事　 10.labor class劳动课　 11.learn to do sth. 学习做某事　 12.in class 在课堂上　 13.ask sb. for help 向某人求助　 14.work out 解决;算出　 15.be good at擅长 16.Can you tell me about your life at junior high school? 你能给我讲讲你在初中的生活吗? (情态动词can开头的一般疑问句) 17.I think it's helpful for me to learn English well. 我觉得学好英语对我来说是很有帮助的。(I think后跟省略that的宾语从句;从句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语) 18.I like all the subjects because my teachers work hard to make the classes interesting. 我喜欢所有科目,因为我的老师们努力使课程有趣。(because引导原因状语从句) 写作实例 假如你是李婷,你的英国朋友Edward来信询问你的学校生活,请根据以下要点提示,给他写一封回信。 要点提示:1.简要介绍你上课的情况,包括每天上几节课等; 2.介绍最喜欢的学科及原因等。 写作要求:1.必须包含上述要点,内容可根据主题适当发挥; 2.词数70左右。 谋篇布局 优秀范文 Dear Edward, Thanks for your letter. Let me tell you something about my school life. I'm very busy this year.I go to school from Monday to Friday. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon.I have a lot of subjects.I like all the subjects, but my favourite is maths.I like it because I think it is easy and interesting.I also like Chinese because it's fun. Can you tell me about your school life? Yours, Li Ting 写作实战 假如你是李华,你校英文周刊正在以“My Favourite School Day”为题向同学们征稿。请你用英文写一篇文章投稿,介绍周一至周五你最喜欢的上学日。 内容包括: 1.你最喜欢的上学日是哪一天; 2.喜欢它的两个理由(喜欢的课程、课后活动等); 3.你的感受。 写作要求:1.词数70左右; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 综合训练 语法训练 一．、完成句子（单词填空及句型转换） 1． Math is a useful 　 　(and/but)difficult subject. 2． My name is Frank　 　I am 14 years old. 3． Jeff is only six, 　 　he can help to do the dishes. 4． I love listening to music　 　it can make me feel relaxed. 5． I like spring. 　 　, my sister likes winter. 6． My ruler is white,　 　(但是) hers is yellow. 7．Sally often speaks Chinese with her Chinese friends. S　 　 her Chinese is very good. 8．This bag is mine,　 　 that bag is not. 9．Jim　 　 (和) Susan are fine. 10． They're my grandparents, my parents, my sister　 　me. 11． My baseball is under the table　 　my schoolbag is on the sofa. 12． Lucy likes playing the guitar. Lucy doesn't like playing the erhu.(合并为一句) Lucy likes playing the guitar　 　 she doesn't like playing the erhu. 13． He gets up early, but he is still late for school. (改为同义句) He gets up early.　 　, he is still late for school. 14． I'm tidy. Gina isn't tidy.(改为并列句) I'm tidy,　 　Gina is 　 　 15． This morning Jack was late for school and Jane was late for school, too. (保持句意不变) This morning　 　Jack 　 　 Jane were late for school. 16． He likes basketball. He doesn't like volleyball. (用but连成一句) He　 　basketball　 　he　 　　 　volleyball. 17．Beef is healthy food. Rice is healthy food. (合并为一句) Beef　 　rice　 　healthy food. 18．I changed my lifestyle because I want to be healthier.(改为同义句) I want to be healthier,　 　I changed my lifestyle. 19．My jacket is red. Her jacket is blue.(连成一个句子) My jacket is red　 　　 　　 　is blue. 20．My sister is tidy. My brother isn't tidy. (合并为一句) My sister is tidy,　 　my brother　 　. 21．He is tall man. He wears a white shirt.（合并为一个句子） He is a tall man　 　　 　a white shirt. 22．My brother can play football and basketball. (同义句转换) My brother can play football　 　　 　　 　basketball. 23．I stayed at home last weekend.I didn't go to the cinema.(保持原句意思不变) I stayed at home last weekend　 　　 　going to the cinema. 24．Our Chinese teacher is friendly to us. Our math teacher is friendly to us ,too (合并成一句) 　 　our Chinese teacher 　 　our math teacher are friendly to us. 25．He likes movies. He doesn't like novels.（合并为一句） He likes movies, 　 　 he doesn't like novels. 二．选择填空 1.Read the book Cute Pets, 　　　you will know how to take care of your cat. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.or　　 B.so　　 C.and　　 D.but 2.The doctors worked for ten hours, 　　　nobody took a break.  A.so　　 B.for　　 C.but　　 D.or 3.Life is like a one-way race, 　　　treasure every moment as time cannot be won again.  A.so　　 B.and　　 C.or　　 D.but 4.Love from parents is like the wind—you can’t see it 　　　you can feel it. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 A.and　　 B.or C.but　　 D.so 写作训练 1．假设你是七年级学生张伟。请你以“My Favourite Subject”为题，写一篇短文介绍自己最喜欢的学科。 内容包括： 1. 你最喜欢的科目是什么； 2. 你为什么喜欢这个科目（至少两个原因，用because和and）； 3. 你在这个课上做什么； 4. 你将来想从事什么相关职业。 要求： ·不少于60词； ·正确使用because, and, but（至少各一次）； ·语句通顺，语法正确。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．假如你是Li Hua，你和其他同学正在讨论你们最喜欢的科目。请你结合下面的表格信息，以“Our Favourite Subjects”为题，用英语写一篇短文进行介绍。 Name Favourite subject Reason Learn about Future Plan WuXing biology interesting animals and plants … QinLin geography useful different countries … Li Hua Chinese important Chinese culture … 注意： 1.短文须包含表格中的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.词数不少于60词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Our Favourite Subjects Hello! I’m Li Hua. Now my classmates and I are talking about our favourite subjects. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What’s your favourite subject? Please tell me. 3．在学校的每一天是忙碌的也是欢快的。假如你是王肖，请你根据下面的提示信息以“My School Day Routine”为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈一谈你在学校的某一天的生活以及你喜欢的科目及原因。 提示：◆ How do you spend your school day? (get up, take a shower, go to bed...) ◆ What’s your favourite subject and why? (history / ..., exciting...) 要求：1. 根据提示信息，选择使用参考词汇，可适当发挥； 2. 语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范； 3. 短文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名）。若文中出现人名，请选择使用：Mr. Liu/Ms. Wang/Ma Li/Wang Gang; 4. 词数：不少于50。（标题和开头已给出，但不计入总词数。） My School Day Routine Hello, I’m Wang Xiao. Here is my school day routine. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．假设你是李华。你的笔友Peter来信向你了解你的初中课程，尤其是你最喜欢的学科。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇50词左右的回信，向Peter做一个介绍。信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数，可根据需要作适当的发挥，以使行文连贯。 写作要点： 1. 学校所开设的课程有哪些； 2. 你最喜欢的学科； 3. 你为什么喜欢这个学科； 4. 谁是这个学科的科任老师； 5. 你什么时候上这个学科的课…… 写作要求： 1. 包含所有要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 2. 词数50左右。 Dear Peter, Glad to hear from you. Now let me tell you something about my school subjects. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How about you? What subjects do you have at school? What’s your favorite subject? Write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 5．假设你是李斌，你的英国好友Jack非常想了解你的校园生活。请你根据以下提示给Jack写一封邮件，介绍你这半个学期的学校生活。 提示：1. What is your favorite subject? Why? 2. Which day is your favorite school day? 3. What club do you join? 4. What do you think of your school life? 要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）； 4. 词数：不少于70。 To: Jack@net.co.ukSubject: My school life Dear Jack, I am happy to share my school life with you. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Bin 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $