专题14 虚拟语气（专项训练）（上海专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测.

**基本信息** 聚焦虚拟语气核心考法，通过基础-重难-真题三级递进训练，系统覆盖句式应用与情境迁移，提升语言运用能力与思维灵活性。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|20填空+10翻译|if虚拟、suggest类名词性从句等核心句式|从单一句式（如It's required that...）到含蓄虚拟（but/otherwise），构建"概念-应用"基础链| |重难·创新演练|3篇语法填空（15题）|人生选择/防灾科普/创业等新情境|整合多类虚拟（wish/if only/It's high time），实现"句式-语篇-情境"迁移| |真题·实战演练|2篇名校语篇|语篇中虚拟语气理解与填空|对接高考命题趋势，强化高频考点（如与现在/过去事实相反的if虚拟）的实战应用|

第14讲 虚拟语气 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：if 省略倒装虚拟、suggest 类名词性从句虚拟、as if 虚拟、but 含蓄虚拟 考向01 考查各种类型虚拟语气句式 1．It’s required by the teacher that all the exercise books (turn) in early the next morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The manager insisted that the new policy (introduce) immediately. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 3．It is important that our drinking water (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．It is suggested that every child (have) the equal right to education.（所给词的适当形式填空） 5．My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．It’s suggested that because these herbal ice creams are not a substitute for medical treatment, individuals with health concerns (seek) prompt professional medical advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．If it were not for their brief encounter, Takeshi Kaneshiro’s role ( not recover) from his sorrows so quickly and regain the courage to love. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．The government insists that all departments (cooperate) closely to support the development of the live-streaming economy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Amidst growing concerns over the rapid deterioration of the local ecosystem due to industrial pollution, an environmental activist group demanded the factory owner (cease) all operations immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．If I (maintain) my health for the rest of my life, I should enjoy a lot of hobbies, and there are several hobbies and interests that I should regularly enjoy doing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Our teachers often suggest that students (be) diligent, determined, and persistent so as to strengthen their beliefs and thus fulfill their dreams. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it's high time we (reflect) on ourselves. (所给词的适当形式填空） 13．Therefore, it is high time that we (take) effective measures to improve the current situation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．If we （book）a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue. （所给词的适当形式填空） 15．Tom wouldn’t have saved for his family’s future if he (not experience) financial hardship when young. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．If you (contact) the school office as soon as you received the notice yesterday, you would not have missed the important deadline. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．If parents overlooked their children’s emotional needs, the kids (bother) by loneliness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．We must book the hotel in advance, otherwise we (have) no room to stay in when we arrive there next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．If only the government (adopt) stricter regulations before the environment worsened dramatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．She stared at the painting as if she (understand) every hidden meaning in it. But she knew nothing about art. (所给词的适当形式填空) 考向02 考查虚拟语气在句子翻译中的运用 21．他表现得好像什么都没发生过一样。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________22．我多么希望我昨天没有错过那场精彩的讲座！(wish) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________23．他本该早点出发，这样就不会错过航班了。(should) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________24．我的指导老师建议我加入露营俱乐部，因为我时不时探索野外。（recommend; sign up for）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 25．委员会要求在截止日期前提交所有的相关文件。(demand) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________26．假如你能换个角度看问题，你就会发现事情并没有那么糟糕。(angle) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 27．当谈到办公室冲突的时候，专家建议应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通。(when it comes to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________28．在会上，他们坚决要求必须在第二天早上五点以前将新闻发布出去。(insist) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________29．出于安全起见，当局坚持要求游客在游览观光时不要偏离标记的路径。(sake)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________30．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 重难·创新演练 设题创新:人生选择反思;城市防灾科普；创业经验分享 语法填空专题微练（虚拟语气） Passage 1 【新情境·人生选择反思】If I 1 (value) spare time properly three years ago, I would have mastered a second foreign language. Without regular practice now, I 2 (fail) to keep my oral skills smooth. I wish I 3 (not waste) so much time on short videos in my teenage years. It’s high time that we 4 (form) good learning habits. Otherwise, we 5 (miss) countless chances in the future. Passage 2 【新情境·城市防灾科普】The expert suggested that every resident 6 (prepare) emergency supplies ahead of disasters. If there 7 (be) an early warning system last summer, fewer houses would have been damaged. 8 (have) we known the safety rules earlier, we could have avoided unnecessary losses. It is necessary that the government 9 (strengthen) public disaster education. Without joint efforts, the city 10 (suffer) greater risks next time. Passage 3 【新情境·创业经验分享】He talks about his failed business as if he 11 (never) experience such a heavy blow. He 12 (open) a chain store five years ago, but he lacked enough startup money at that time. If they 13 (cooperate) with that brand tomorrow, they would face huge market pressure. I would rather you 14 (think) twice before making investment decisions. But for the team’s support, he 15 (give) up his business long before. 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：if 引导与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，虚拟语气在语篇中理解…… Passage 1 【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 Trump’s Expansion of the White House East Wing Sparks Controversy The demolition of the White House East Wing, a historic structure built in 1902, has ignited fierce debate across the United States. President Donald Trump’s plan to replace it with a 90,000-square-foot ballroom, 71 (fund) entirely by private donations, has drawn criticism from historians, political opponents, and ethics watchdogs, particularly as the project coincides with an ongoing federal government shutdown. The East Wing, long housing the First Lady’s office and an emergency bunker, had been reduced to ruins by late October 2025. Trump initially framed the ballroom as a necessary upgrade 72 (host) state events, calling the current facilities “inadequate”. The new space, 73 capacity was up to 999 guests, would feature neoclassicism: gilded columns, crystal chandeliers, and coffered ceilings. However, critics argue the project prioritizes vanity 74 public welfare. As government services halt amid the shutdown, Democratic leaders like Senator Chuck Schumer condemned the timing, noting Trump’s focus on a “vanity project” 75 millions face healthcare and financial uncertainties The ballroom’s funding, initially estimated at $200 million, has ballooned to $300 million. Despite the White House’ claim 76 no taxpayer money is involved, it has not disclosed donors’ names, raising alarms about potential “pay-to-play” dynamics. In October, Trump hosted a dinner with executives from companies like Apple, Amazon, and Lockheed Martin - 77 later confirmed as contributors. Ethics experts, like Richard Painter from the Bush administration, warned this 78 undermine public trust. The National Trust for Historic Preservation 79 (oppose) to the demolition, stating the ballroom would “permanently disrupt the White House’s classical symmetry”. Meanwhile, Trump’s niece, Mary Trump, alleged the renovation secretly included bunker upgrades, reflecting the president’s “paranoid and authoritarian tendencies”. Republicans defended the project as part of presidential legacy-building, 80 (compare) it to earlier renovations like the Oval Office’s expansion under President Taft. Passage 2 【来源】上海市闵行区七宝中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 Hoverflies: Small Insects with a Big Job When people think about insects that help flowers reproduce, bees are usually the first ones they remember. This is understandable, as bees play a leading role in carrying pollen (花粉) from flower to flower. But they are not the only hard workers in nature. Hoverflies, small insects that look a bit like bees, are also important. Studies have shown that they help many of the world’s crops and wild plants grow 81 moving pollen between flowers. Even 82 (interesting) is that some hoverflies travel great distances. Scientists in Britain once found that billions of them cross the English Channel every year. 83 they fly so far, they may help mix plant genes between different areas and make ecosystems stronger. To find out 84 far their influence could reach, researchers decided to collect hoverflies from a place without any plants nearby — an oil platform in the North Sea, between Scotland and Norway. During four research trips between 2021 and 2023, 112 hoverflies 85 (catch) on the platform as they stopped for a short rest. On nearly all of them, they found pollen, sometimes from as many as 14 kinds of plants. In total, the scientists discovered pollen from more than 100 species. The most common came from wild plants such as nettles and black elder, but some also came from crops grown 86 (produce) vegetables, cereals, nuts, and fruits. By examining air movements, the researchers learned that these insects probably came from the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark, and that they might 87 (continue) their journey to Scotland or Norway. The places 88 they were heading also had the same plant types as the pollen they carried. This suggests that hoverflies quietly connect faraway regions, 89 (help) plants hundreds of kilometres apart to reproduce. Though often 90 (ignore), they play a key role in keeping our world both productive and beautifully balanced. 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第14讲 虚拟语气 参考答案 模拟·基础演练 考向01 考查各种类型虚拟语气句式 1．be turned/should be turned 2．be introduced/should be introduced 3．be protected/should be protected 4．have/should have 5． (should) be discussed 6．seek 7．wouldn't recover 8．cooperate/should cooperate 9．cease 10．maintained/should maintain/were to maintain 11．be/should be 12．should reflect/reflected 13．took/should take 14．had booked 15．hadn’t experienced 16．had contacted 17．would be bothered 18．would have 19．had adopted 20．had understood 考向03 考查虚拟语气在句子翻译中的运用 21．He acts as if/though nothing had happened. 22．How I wish I hadn’t missed the wonderful lecture yesterday! 23．He should have started earlier so that he wouldn’t have missed the flight. 24．My adviser recommended that I (should) sign up for the camping club because I explored the wild now and then. 25．The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline. 26．If you could look at things from a different angle, you would find things are not that bad. 27．When it comes to office conflicts, experts suggest one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time. 28．At the meeting, they firmly insisted that the news be released before 5 a.m. the next day. 29．For the sake of safety, the authorities insist that tourists should not deviate from the marked paths when sightseeing. 30．If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 重难·创新演练 Passage 1 【答案】1. had valued 2. would fail 3. hadn’t wasted 4. formed/should form 5. would miss Passage 2 【答案】6. (should) prepare 7. had been 8. Had 9. (should) strengthen 10. would suffer Passage 3 【答案】11. had never experienced 12. would have opened 13. should cooperate/were to cooperate/cooperated 14. thought 15. would have given up 名校真题·实战演练 Passage 1 71．funded 72．to host 73．whose 74．over 75．while 76．that 77．all 78．could/might 79．was opposed 80．comparing Passage 2 81．by 82．more interesting 83．Because/As/Since 84．how 85．were caught 86．to produce 87．have continued 88．where 89．helping 90．ignored 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第14讲 虚拟语气 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：if 省略倒装虚拟、suggest 类名词性从句虚拟、as if 虚拟、but 含蓄虚拟 考向01 考查各种类型虚拟语气句式 1．It’s required by the teacher that all the exercise books (turn) in early the next morning. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be turned/should be turned 【详解】句意：老师要求所有作业本次日清晨尽早上交。该句为it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正主语，require后的从句谓语动词用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“should do”，should可以省略，books和turn in是被动关系，所以谓语动词为(should) be turned。 2．The manager insisted that the new policy (introduce) immediately. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】be introduced/should be introduced 【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词语态。句意：经理坚持要立即实施新政策。insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即“(should+)动词原形”，其中should可省略；the new policy与introduce“推行”之间是被动关系，应用含情态动词的被动语态(should) be introduced。故填(should) be introduced。 3．It is important that our drinking water (protect) from being polluted. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be protected/should be protected 【详解】考查虚拟语气与被动语态。句意：我们的饮用水免受污染是很重要的。It is important/necessary/essential that...为固定句型，从句需用虚拟语气，谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”，其中 should可省略；结合语境，drinking water与 protect之间为被动关系，即 “饮用水被保护”，因此需用被动语态 (should) be protected。故填(should) be protected。 4．It is suggested that every child (have) the equal right to education.（所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】have/should have 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人建议每个孩子都应享有平等的受教育权。It is suggested that...是固定句型，意为“有人建议……”。that引导主语从句。在表示“建议，请求，命令，要求”等动词后的从句中，谓语动词需用“should + 动词原形”的虚拟形式，且should可省略，故填have或should have。 5．My suggestion is that the problem (discuss) at the meeting as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 (should) be discussed 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：我的建议是这个问题应该尽快在会议上讨论。分析句子结构可知，“suggestion(建议)”后接表语从句时，从句需用虚拟语气，其结构为“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可省略。再结合语义，the problem与discuss之间是被动关系，因此需用被动语态(should) be discussed。故填 (should) be discussed。 6．It’s suggested that because these herbal ice creams are not a substitute for medical treatment, individuals with health concerns (seek) prompt professional medical advice. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】seek 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人建议，由于这些草本冰淇淋不能代替药物治疗，有健康问题的人应该寻求专业的医疗建议。“It’s suggested that...”为固定句型，其中that引导的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用(should) do形式，其中should可省略，动词seek(寻求)是从句谓语动词，用虚拟语气形式(should) seek，可省略should。故填seek。 7．If it were not for their brief encounter, Takeshi Kaneshiro’s role ( not recover) from his sorrows so quickly and regain the courage to love. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】wouldn't recover 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他们短暂的相遇，金城武的角色不会这么快从悲伤中恢复过来，重拾爱的勇气。根据从句If it were not....(如果不是..)，可知是对现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形，此处为否定陈述句。故填wouldn't recover。 8．The government insists that all departments (cooperate) closely to support the development of the live-streaming economy. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cooperate/should cooperate 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：政府坚持要求所有部门密切合作以支持直播经济的发展。insist 表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。所以设空处应填动词原形cooperate。故填cooperate/should cooperate。 9．Amidst growing concerns over the rapid deterioration of the local ecosystem due to industrial pollution, an environmental activist group demanded the factory owner (cease) all operations immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】cease 【详解】句意：由于工业污染导致当地生态系统迅速恶化，人们对此的担忧日益加剧，一个环保活动组织要求工厂主立即停止所有运营。demand后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，此处cease作谓语，意为“停止”，用原形。 10．If I (maintain) my health for the rest of my life, I should enjoy a lot of hobbies, and there are several hobbies and interests that I should regularly enjoy doing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】maintained/should maintain/were to maintain 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我在余生中保持健康，我应该享受很多爱好，还有我应该会经常喜欢做的一些爱好和兴趣。根据主句中的should enjoy并分析句子结构，If引导的是非真实条件句，结合从句中的for the rest of my life可知，这里表示对将来情况的假设，所以从句谓语应用过去式、“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”的形式。故填maintained/should maintain/were to maintain。 11．Our teachers often suggest that students (be) diligent, determined, and persistent so as to strengthen their beliefs and thus fulfill their dreams. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】be/should be 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的老师经常建议学生要勤奋、坚定、坚持，这样才能坚定信念，实现梦想。分析句子成分和句子结构可知，that在句中引导宾语从句，充当主句谓语动词suggest的宾语，设空处充当从句谓语动词；suggest在此处意为“建议”，其后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词要用should+动词原形的形式，其中should可省略。故填be或should be。 12．The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it's high time we (reflect) on ourselves. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】should reflect/reflected 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：全国性的雾霾不断提醒我们，现在真的是反思自己的时候了。此处为固定句型it is high time (that) sb. should do/did sth.“真是某人做某事的时间了”，that引导的定语从句用虚拟语气。故填should reflect/reflected。 13．Therefore, it is high time that we (take) effective measures to improve the current situation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】took/should take 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：因此，现在真是我们采取有效措施改善现状的时候了。根据固定句型it is high time that sb. did/should do sth.“真是某人做某事的时候了”可知，that引导的定语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分结构为did/should do，should不能省。故填took/should take。 【点睛】 14．If we （book）a table earlier, we wouldn’t be standing here in a queue. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】had booked 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们早点订桌，就不会在这里排队了。分析句子，句中表述事实与客观事实相反，应该使用虚拟语气。根据句意，if后的句子是对过去虚拟，故应该使用过去完成时。故填had booked。 15．Tom wouldn’t have saved for his family’s future if he (not experience) financial hardship when young. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hadn’t experienced 【详解】句意：如果汤姆年轻时没有经历过经济困难，他就不会为家庭的未来存钱了。if引导了虚拟条件句，根据“wouldn’t have saved”可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，if引导的条件状语从句需用过去完成时，表示“如果（当时）没有经历过”。 16．If you (contact) the school office as soon as you received the notice yesterday, you would not have missed the important deadline. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had contacted 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨天一收到通知就联系学校办公室，你就不会错过这个重要的截止日期了。根据后文you would not have missed the important deadline.可知，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时。故填had contacted。 17．If parents overlooked their children’s emotional needs, the kids (bother) by loneliness. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would be bothered 【详解】句意：如果父母忽视了孩子的情感需求，孩子们就会被孤独所困扰。结合从句中overlooked可知用了一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反的假设，在与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句要用“would + 动词原形”的结构。主句的主语the kids与动词bother之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态would be bothered。 18．We must book the hotel in advance, otherwise we (have) no room to stay in when we arrive there next week. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would have 【详解】句意：我们必须提前预订酒店，否则下周到达那里时我们就没有房间可住了。结合句意，otherwise引导含蓄虚拟语气，此处表示与将来事实相反，主句需用would+动词原形，have的虚拟形式为would have。 19．If only the government (adopt) stricter regulations before the environment worsened dramatically. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had adopted 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是政府在环境急剧恶化之前就采取更严格的法规就好了。此处if only引导虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，adopt的过去分词为adopted意为“采取，采用”。故填had adopted。 20．She stared at the painting as if she (understand) every hidden meaning in it. But she knew nothing about art. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had understood 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她凝视着那幅画，仿佛明白了其中隐藏的每一个含义。但她对艺术一无所知。由But she knew nothing about art可知，as if引导的从句用虚拟语气，由stared可知，空格处用过去完成时had done，表示与过去的事实相反的事情，故填had understood。 考向02 考查虚拟语气在句子翻译中的运用 21．他表现得好像什么都没发生过一样。（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He acts as if/though nothing had happened. 【详解】考查方式状语从句和虚拟语气。主句“他表现得”描述当下的行为状态，要用一般现在时，译为He acts；“好像什么都没发生过一样”译为as if或as though引导的方式状语从句，这是对过去的情况进行虚拟，从句谓语要用过去完成时，翻译成as if/though nothing had happened。故翻译为He acts as if/though nothing had happened. 22．我多么希望我昨天没有错过那场精彩的讲座！(wish) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】How I wish I hadn’t missed the wonderful lecture yesterday! 【详解】根据句意，该句表达对过去事情的遗憾，要用wish后接宾语从句的虚拟语气，主句用一般现在时，从句表示对过去的虚拟用过去完成时；表示“多么希望”用how I wish构成感叹句式，位于句首首字母需大写；宾语从句主语为I；表示“错过”为miss，对过去虚拟需用hadn’t missed；表示“那场精彩的讲座”为the wonderful lecture作宾语；表示“昨天”为yesterday作时间状语。 23．他本该早点出发，这样就不会错过航班了。(should) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He should have started earlier so that he wouldn’t have missed the flight. 【详解】整个句子可处理为主从复合句，且需用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的情况；主句中“本该做某事”用should have done，含责备意味，“早点出发”可用动词短语start earlier；“这样”可用so that表示，引导目的状语从句，“就不会”用wouldn’t have done，“错过航班”可用动词短语miss the flight。 24．我的指导老师建议我加入露营俱乐部，因为我时不时探索野外。（recommend; sign up for）（汉译英） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My adviser recommended that I (should) sign up for the camping club because I explored the wild now and then. 【详解】根据句意，句子讲述过去发生的建议与过往行为，整体使用一般过去时；表示“我的指导老师”为my adviser作主句主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“建议”为recommended作主句谓语，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式；表示“我加入露营俱乐部，因为我时不时探索野外”为宾语从句作recommend的宾语，从句中不缺成分，且句意完整，所以使用连接词that引导，从句固定使用虚拟语气，谓语动词结构为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略；表示“我”为I作宾语从句主语；表示“加入”为固定短语sign up for，遵循虚拟语气规则使用动词原形；表示“露营俱乐部”为the camping club作sign up for的宾语；连词because引导原因状语从句，交代建议的缘由；表示“我”为I作原因状语从句主语；表示“探索”为explored作从句谓语，时态对应主句为一般过去时；表示“野外”为the wild作从句宾语；表示“时不时”为固定短语now and then在从句末尾作时间状语。 25．委员会要求在截止日期前提交所有的相关文件。(demand) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline. 【详解】考查时态，从句和虚拟语气。“委员会” 表达为 The committee ，视为单数；“要求” 用 demand，此处表示“要求某事被做”，demand 后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即(should)+ 动词原形，should 可省略；“相关文件” 是 relevant documents ；“提交” 用 submit，文件是 “被提交”，要用被动语态 be submitted ；“截止日期前” 表达为 before the deadline 。句子陈述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语 committee 为单数，demand 用第三人称单数形式 demands。故译为 The committee demands that all relevant documents be submitted before the deadline. 26．假如你能换个角度看问题，你就会发现事情并没有那么糟糕。(angle) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If you could look at things from a different angle, you would find things are not that bad. 【详解】考查虚拟语气。表示“如果”用if引导虚拟条件状语从句，且从句陈述的内容与现在的事实相反，用一般过去时，“能”can的过去式是could，“换个角度看问题”look at things from a different angle，主句谓语用would+do，“发现”用find，“事情并没有那么糟糕”为find的宾语，处理为宾语从句，表达为things are not that bad，从句成分和意义都完整，用that引导，that可省。故翻译为If you could look at things from a different angle, you would find things are not that bad. 27．当谈到办公室冲突的时候，专家建议应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通。(when it comes to) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When it comes to office conflicts, experts suggest one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time. 【详解】考查固定句型、虚拟语气。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，表客观情况，表示“当谈到……的时候”应用句型when it comes to…；表示“办公室冲突”应用office conflicts；表示“专家建议”应用experts suggest，其后的宾语从句中谓语动词使用should+动词原形这种虚拟语气，宾语从句的引导词that可以省略；表示“（人们）应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通”用三个并列的谓语动词，即one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time，其中reflect on，表“反思”，为固定搭配， put oneself in others’ shoes，表“换位思考”，为常见表达。故翻译为When it comes to office conflicts, experts suggest one should reflect more on herself or himself, always put themselves in others’ shoes, and communicate with workmates in time. 28．在会上，他们坚决要求必须在第二天早上五点以前将新闻发布出去。(insist) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At the meeting, they firmly insisted that the news be released before 5 a.m. the next day. 【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。表示“在会上”应用at the meeting；表示“他们”应用they；表示“坚决要求”应用firmly insist，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，后接that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，也没有含义，从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should do，should可以省略；表示“新闻”应用the news；表示“发布”应用release，此处使用被动语态；表示“在第二天早上五点以前”应用before 5 a.m. the next day。故翻译成：At the meeting, they firmly insisted that the news be released before 5 a.m. the next day.。 29．出于安全起见，当局坚持要求游客在游览观光时不要偏离标记的路径。(sake)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】For the sake of safety, the authorities insist that tourists should not deviate from the marked paths when sightseeing. 【详解】考查固定短语、宾语从句和时态。因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。表示“出于……起见”短语为for the sake of；“当局”可译为the authorities；“坚持要求”可用insist that，后面接宾语从句，用虚拟语气，即(should) do；“偏离”可译为deviate from；“标记的路径”可译为marked paths；“在游览观光时”可译为 when sightseeing。故翻译为For the sake of safety, the authorities insist that tourists should not deviate from the marked paths when sightseeing. 30．要不是他拙劣的演讲风格，这位有前途的年轻人本可以赢得演讲比赛一等奖。(If) (汉译英) 【答案】If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 【详解】考查If引导的非真实条件句中的虚拟语气。根据句中的“要不是”和“本可以”以及句意，这里应用If引导非真实条件句，表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，从句表示“要不是……”应用if it hadn’t been for...，主句应用could have done...形式。“拙劣的演讲风格”可表示为poor delivery；“有前途的”可表示为promising；“赢得一等奖”可表示为win first prize；“演讲比赛”可表示为the speech contest。故本句可翻译为：If it hadn’t been for his poor delivery, the promising young man could have won first prize in the speech contest. 重难·创新演练 设题创新:人生选择反思;城市防灾科普；创业经验分享 语法填空专题微练（虚拟语气） Passage 1 【新情境·人生选择反思】 If I 1 (value) spare time properly three years ago, I would have mastered a second foreign language. Without regular practice now, I 2 (fail) to keep my oral skills smooth. I wish I 3 (not waste) so much time on short videos in my teenage years. It’s high time that we 4 (form) good learning habits. Otherwise, we 5 (miss) countless chances in the future. 【答案】1. had valued 2. would fail 3. hadn’t wasted 4. formed/should form 5. would miss 【导语】本文反思青少年时期的时间管理问题，感慨若当初珍惜碎片时间就能学好外语，呼吁大家及时养成良好学习习惯，避免错失未来机遇。 【详解】 1.考查对过去事实虚拟。时间状语 three years ago 提示与过去事实相反，if 从句谓语用 had done，填 had valued。 2. 考查对现在事实虚拟。without 引导含蓄虚拟，与现在事实相反，主句用 would do。 3. 考查 wish 后对过去虚拟。wish 表达对过去遗憾，从句用 had done，否定式 hadn’t wasted。 4. 考查 It’s high time 句型虚拟。从句谓语用一般过去式或 should + 动词原形。 5. 考查含蓄虚拟将来。otherwise 暗含与将来事实相反，主句用 would do。 Passage 2 【新情境·城市防灾科普】 The expert suggested that every resident 6 (prepare) emergency supplies ahead of disasters. If there 7 (be) an early warning system last summer, fewer houses would have been damaged. 8 (have) we known the safety rules earlier, we could have avoided unnecessary losses. It is necessary that the government 9 (strengthen) public disaster education. Without joint efforts, the city 10 (suffer) greater risks next time. 【答案】6. (should) prepare 7. had been 8. Had 9. (should) strengthen 10. would suffer 【导语】文章科普城市防灾知识，专家建议居民提前备好应急物资，强调完善预警、普及安全教育能大幅降低灾害损失。 【详解】 6. 考查 suggest 宾语从句虚拟。suggest 表 “建议”，从句固定用 (should) do。 7. 考查与过去事实相反虚拟。last summer 为过去时间，if 从句用 had been。 8. 考查 if 虚拟条件句省略倒装。省略 if，将 had 提前放句首，首字母大写。 9. 考查 It is necessary that 虚拟句型，从句谓语用 (should) do。 10. 考查对将来含蓄虚拟，without 引导主句用 would do。 Passage 3 【新情境·创业经验分享】 He talks about his failed business as if he 11 (never) experience such a heavy blow. He 12 (open) a chain store five years ago, but he lacked enough startup money at that time. If they 13 (cooperate) with that brand tomorrow, they would face huge market pressure. I would rather you 14 (think) twice before making investment decisions. But for the team’s support, he 15 (give) up his business long before. 【答案】11. had never experienced 12. would have opened 13. should cooperate/were to cooperate/cooperated 14. thought 15. would have given up 【导语】本文分享创业者过往经历，讲述资金不足错失开店机遇，告诫大家投资前慎重思考，团队支持是坚持创业的关键。 【详解】 11. 考查 as if 对过去虚拟。创业失败是过去发生的事，从句用 had done。 12. 考查 but 含蓄虚拟过去。but 引出真实过去事实，前半句虚拟本会做却没做，用 would have done。 13. 考查对将来虚拟的三种从句谓语形式：should do /were to do / 过去式。 14. 考查 would rather 后对现在 / 将来虚拟，从句谓语用一般过去式。 15. 考查 but for 含蓄虚拟过去，主句用 would have done。 名校真题·实战演练 高频考点：if 引导与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，虚拟语气在语篇中理解…… Passage 1 【来源】上海市向明中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 Trump’s Expansion of the White House East Wing Sparks Controversy The demolition of the White House East Wing, a historic structure built in 1902, has ignited fierce debate across the United States. President Donald Trump’s plan to replace it with a 90,000-square-foot ballroom, 71 (fund) entirely by private donations, has drawn criticism from historians, political opponents, and ethics watchdogs, particularly as the project coincides with an ongoing federal government shutdown. The East Wing, long housing the First Lady’s office and an emergency bunker, had been reduced to ruins by late October 2025. Trump initially framed the ballroom as a necessary upgrade 72 (host) state events, calling the current facilities “inadequate”. The new space, 73 capacity was up to 999 guests, would feature neoclassicism: gilded columns, crystal chandeliers, and coffered ceilings. However, critics argue the project prioritizes vanity 74 public welfare. As government services halt amid the shutdown, Democratic leaders like Senator Chuck Schumer condemned the timing, noting Trump’s focus on a “vanity project” 75 millions face healthcare and financial uncertainties The ballroom’s funding, initially estimated at $200 million, has ballooned to $300 million. Despite the White House’ claim 76 no taxpayer money is involved, it has not disclosed donors’ names, raising alarms about potential “pay-to-play” dynamics. In October, Trump hosted a dinner with executives from companies like Apple, Amazon, and Lockheed Martin - 77 later confirmed as contributors. Ethics experts, like Richard Painter from the Bush administration, warned this 78 undermine public trust. The National Trust for Historic Preservation 79 (oppose) to the demolition, stating the ballroom would “permanently disrupt the White House’s classical symmetry”. Meanwhile, Trump’s niece, Mary Trump, alleged the renovation secretly included bunker upgrades, reflecting the president’s “paranoid and authoritarian tendencies”. Republicans defended the project as part of presidential legacy-building, 80 (compare) it to earlier renovations like the Oval Office’s expansion under President Taft. 【答案】 71．funded 72．to host 73．whose 74．over 75．while 76．that 77．all 78．could/might 79．was opposed 80．comparing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了特朗普计划拆除白宫东翼改建大型宴会厅，引发巨大争议。该项目耗资巨大、资金来源不透明，遭历史学家与反对党批评，共和党则将其视为总统遗产建设。 71．考查非谓语动词。句意：唐纳德·特朗普总统计划用一个9万平方英尺的宴会厅来取代它（原建筑），该宴会厅的资金全部由私人捐款提供。这一计划遭到了历史学家、政治对手以及道德监督机构的批评，尤其是因为该项目正值联邦政府停摆期间。此处fund与a 90,000-square-foot ballroom构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填funded。 72．考查非谓语动词。句意：特朗普最初将这个宴会厅的改造视为举办国家级活动的必要举措，并称现有的设施“不够完善”。此处host作目的状语，用不定式。故填to host。 73．考查定语从句。句意：这个新的空间可容纳多达999名客人，其设计风格将采用新古典主义风格：装饰华丽的柱子、水晶吊灯以及雕花天花板。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The new space，在从句作定语，故填whose。 74．考查介词。句意：然而，批评者认为该项目将个人虚荣置于公共利益之上。prioritize A over B 是固定搭配，意为“优先考虑A而非B”，故填over。 75．考查连词。句意：在政府服务因停摆而暂停之际，像参议员查克·舒默这样的民主党领导人对这一事件的时机表示谴责，他们指出特朗普一心关注的是一个“虚荣项目”，而此时数百万民众却面临着医疗和财务方面的不确定性。此处前后表示对比，用连词while。故填while。 76．考查同位语从句。句意：尽管白宫声称没有动用任何纳税人资金，但其并未公布捐款者的姓名，这引发了人们对可能存在“金钱交易”现象的担忧。引导同位语从句，说明claim的内容，从句不缺少成分和句意，故填that。 77．考查代词。句意：10 月，特朗普举办了一场宴会，邀请了苹果、亚马逊和洛克希德·马丁等公司的高管参加——这些公司后来均被证实为捐款方。此处表示三者或三者以上都，用代词all。故填all。 78．考查情态动词。句意：像布什政府时期的理查德·佩恩特这样的伦理专家曾警告称，这可能会损害公众的信任。表“可能破坏公众信任”，用情态动词could或might。故填could/might。 79．考查短语和时态。句意：国家历史保护信托组织反对拆除这一举措，他们表示白宫东翼的拆除将“永久性地破坏白宫的古典对称布局”。表示“反对……”短语为be opposed to，发生在过去用一般过去时，主语为The National Trust for Historic Preservation，谓语用单数。故填was opposed。 80．考查非谓语动词。句意：共和党人则称该项目是总统执政期间功绩的一部分，他们将其与此前的一些改造工程相比较，比如塔夫脱总统时期对椭圆形办公室的扩建工程。Republicans与compare是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填comparing。 Passage 2 【来源】上海市闵行区七宝中学2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷 Hoverflies: Small Insects with a Big Job When people think about insects that help flowers reproduce, bees are usually the first ones they remember. This is understandable, as bees play a leading role in carrying pollen (花粉) from flower to flower. But they are not the only hard workers in nature. Hoverflies, small insects that look a bit like bees, are also important. Studies have shown that they help many of the world’s crops and wild plants grow 81 moving pollen between flowers. Even 82 (interesting) is that some hoverflies travel great distances. Scientists in Britain once found that billions of them cross the English Channel every year. 83 they fly so far, they may help mix plant genes between different areas and make ecosystems stronger. To find out 84 far their influence could reach, researchers decided to collect hoverflies from a place without any plants nearby — an oil platform in the North Sea, between Scotland and Norway. During four research trips between 2021 and 2023, 112 hoverflies 85 (catch) on the platform as they stopped for a short rest. On nearly all of them, they found pollen, sometimes from as many as 14 kinds of plants. In total, the scientists discovered pollen from more than 100 species. The most common came from wild plants such as nettles and black elder, but some also came from crops grown 86 (produce) vegetables, cereals, nuts, and fruits. By examining air movements, the researchers learned that these insects probably came from the Netherlands, Germany, and Denmark, and that they might 87 (continue) their journey to Scotland or Norway. The places 88 they were heading also had the same plant types as the pollen they carried. This suggests that hoverflies quietly connect faraway regions, 89 (help) plants hundreds of kilometres apart to reproduce. Though often 90 (ignore), they play a key role in keeping our world both productive and beautifully balanced. 【答案】 81．by 82．more interesting 83．Because/As/Since 84．how 85．were caught 86．to produce 87．have continued 88．where 89．helping 90．ignored 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了食蚜蝇虽小但对植物授粉和生态系统有重要作用。 81．考查介词。句意：研究表明，它们通过在花朵之间传播花粉，帮助世界上许多作物和野生植物生长。此处表示“通过”，用介词by，故填by。 82．考查形容词比较级。句意：更有趣的是，一些食蚜蝇会长途飞行。此处表示“更有趣的”，用形容词比较级more interesting，作表语，故填more interesting。 83．考查状语从句。句意：因为它们飞得这么远，它们可能有助于不同地区之间的植物基因混合，使生态系统更加强大。前后文是因果关系，本空引导原因状语从句，可用because/as/since“因为”引导，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Because/As/Since。 84．考查宾语从句。句意：为了弄清楚它们的影响能有多远，研究人员决定从附近没有任何植物的地方——苏格兰和挪威之间的北海的一个石油平台上收集食蚜蝇。本空引导宾语从句，表示“多么”，用how引导。故填how。 85．考查动词语态。句意：在2021年至2023年的四次研究旅行中，112只食蚜蝇在平台上短暂休息时被捕获。且“During four research trips between 2021 and 2023”可知，句子描述过去发生的事，时态用一般过去时，catch“捕捉”和主语112 hoverflies是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were，故填were caught。 86．考查非谓语动词。句意：最常见的来自野生植物，如荨麻和黑接骨木，但有些也来自种植用于生产蔬菜、谷物、坚果和水果的作物。本句谓语为came，此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，用produce“生产”的不定式形式，故填to produce。 87．考查情态动词+have done。句意：通过分析气流运动，研究人员发现这些昆虫可能来自荷兰、德国和丹麦，而且它们或许已经继续飞往苏格兰或挪威了。might have done“可能已经做了某事”，此处表示动作continue“继续”已完成，用might have continued。故填have continued。 88．考查定语从句。句意：它们要去的地方也有和它们携带的花粉相同的植物类型。空处引导定语从句，先行词是places，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。 89．考查非谓语动词。句意：这表明，食蚜蝇悄悄地连接着遥远的地区，帮助相隔数百公里的植物繁殖。从句谓语为connect，此处为非谓语动词，且hoverflies与help“帮助”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填helping。 90．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：尽管常常被忽视，但它们在维持地球物产丰饶和生态平衡方面发挥着关键作用。当让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有 be 动词时，可省略从句的主语和 be 动词。ignore“忽视”。本句中的让步状语从句完整句子为Though they are often ignored，省略they are，保留过去分词。故填ignored。 20 / 20网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $