UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word(北师大版)
2026-10-14
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教辅
摘要:
该高中英语高考复习学案系统整合了词汇(阅读、核心、拓展)、语法(句型、语法填空)、写作(应用文、读后续写)及阅读真题等核心考点,按“基础积累-考点突破-迁移应用”层次架构知识网络,通过“练通”单句语法填空、“写美”完成句子等问题链设计,引导学生自主梳理词法句法规律,构建完整语言知识体系,提升语言能力与思维品质。
亮点在于自主诊断与个性化提升设计,如“高效迁移微点练全”模块含20道一词多义及语法填空题,学生可通过错题定位薄弱点,匹配“基础巩固”或“综合提升”任务,培养学习能力。应用文写作分“写美句-连句成篇”步骤,结合单元佳句素材,助力学生自主生成高分作文,教师可依据学情精准指导,实现因材施教。
内容正文:
In comparison 1. widespread traditional offline medical care, remote medical care is more crucial, which can provide the best doctors and accurate 2. (treat) for patients.But some illegal organizations are buried in editing some false advertisements 3. (artificial) and abusing network.It is bound 4. (lead) to permanent hurt to patients.To make matters worse, it is estimated 5. some rare animals are disappearing.There are many 6. (factor) for their disappearance, and roughly they can 7. (classify) into two categories.It is depressing that some people kill animals because they attribute the outbreak of some diseases 8. the viruses these animals carry.Fortunately, most people 9. (oppose) to this practice and call for efforts to develop thorough and 10. (system) measures to protect animals on the globe.
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
第一组
1.marathon n. 马拉松赛跑
2.athletics n. 田径运动
3.innovate vi.& vt. 革新,创新,改革
4.vaccine n. 疫苗
5.resilience n. 恢复力,复原力,适应力
6.doping n. 使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩)
7.clone vt. 克隆,使无性繁殖
n. 克隆动物或植物,无性繁殖的个体
8.gene n. 基因
9.artificially adv. 人为地,虚假地
第二组
10.identical adj. 完全相同的,非常相似的
11.mammal n. 哺乳动物
12.camel n. 骆驼
13.cattle n. 牛
14.goat n. 山羊
15.primate n. 灵长目动物
16.ape n. 猿
17.reproductive adj. 繁殖的,生殖的
18.clue n. 线索,提示
第三组
19.provoke vt. 激起,引起
20.ethical adj. 关于伦理的;合乎道德的
21.inferior adj. 低级别的,下级的;差的,
次的
22.curse n. 祸因,祸根;诅咒,咒语
23.atom n. 原子
24.organ n. 器官
25.impulse n. (神经)冲动,(电)脉冲
26.crossword n. 纵横字谜,纵横填字游戏
27.intake n. 摄入量,摄取量
第四组
28.omega n. 欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母,即Ω, ω)
29.epidemic n. 传染病,流行病
30.virus n. 病毒
31.variation n. 变化物,变体;差异,变动
32.bacteria n. 细菌
33.baseline n. (医学或科学中的)基线,
准线
34.database n. 数据库,资料库
35.astronomer n. 天文学家
36.trial n. 试验;审判,审理
Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨
1.pose vt. 造成,引起,产生(问题、危险、困难等)
n. (为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势,姿态
2.mere adj. 仅仅, 只不过; 极小的, 极不重要的
3.abuse vt. 滥用,妄用;虐待
n. 滥用; 虐待
4.rare adj. 稀有的, 罕见的, 不常发
生的
5.thorough adj. 彻底的, 全面的, 详尽的
Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写
第一组
1.justify vt. 证明……有道理, 为……辩护
2.participant n. 参加者, 参与者
3.barrier n. 障碍, 壁垒
4.twin n. 双胞胎中的一个
5.forever adv. 永远; 长久地
6.emotion n. 强烈的情感, 激情
7.crucial adj. 至关重要的, 关键性的
8.bound adj. 很有可能, 肯定会
9.contain vt. 包含, 容纳, 装盛
10.locate vi.& vt. 找出……的准确位置
11.zone n. 地区, 地带
12.factor n. 因素, 要素
第二组
13.officially adv. 官方地, 正式地
14.widespread adj. 分布广的, 广泛流传的
15.estimate vt. 估计, 估算
16.visible adj. 看得见的
17.symptom n. 症状; 征兆, 症候
18.bury vt. 埋葬, 安葬; 埋藏
19.paragraph n. (文章的)段, 段落
20.phenomenon n. 现象
21.needle n. 针
22.suspect n. (犯罪)嫌疑人, 可疑分子
23.victim n. (袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者
Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓
第一组
1.biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物的;生物学的→biologist n.生物学家
2.capable adj.有能力的→capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力,才能
3.infer vt.推断,推定→inference n.推断,推定
4.calculate vt.计算,核算→calculation n.计算,核算→calculator n.计算器
5.physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的;身体的;物质的→physicist n.物理学家
6.better vt.改善,提高;超过;胜过→betterment n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良,改善,提高
7.edit vi.& vt.编辑,编校;剪辑,剪接→edition n.版本,版次→editor n.编辑,主编
8.compare v.比较→comparison n.比较
9.whole adj.完全的→wholly adv.完全地
10.accurate adj.准确的,正确的→accurately adv.准确地→accuracy n.准确性,准确度
第二组
11.treat n.乐事;款待 vt.治疗;对待→treatment n.诊疗,治疗,疗法;对待方式
12.bless vt.祝福→blessing n.福气,幸运
13.nerve n.神经;焦虑,恐惧,紧张→nervous adj.紧张的
14.classify vt.将……分类;把……归入一类→classified adj.分类的;机密的→classification n.归类,分类,分级
15.oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.与某事物相反;反对某事物,不赞成某事物→opposite adj.对面的;相反的→opposition n.反对,反抗
16.depress vt.令人沮丧;使萧条→depressing adj.令人沮丧的,让人忧愁的→depressed adj.沮丧的,忧愁的→depression n.沮丧;(经济)萧条
17.steady adj.稳定的;稳固的→steadily adv.稳定地→unsteady adj.不稳定的
18.actual adj.实际的,真实的→actually adv.事实上;的确
19.system n.系统,体系,制度→systematic adj.系统化的,有条理的
20.globe n.地球,世界;地球仪→global adj.全球的
Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记
第一组
1.be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
2.make a decision 作出决定
3.warm up 热身;加热
4.on one’s own 独立地
5.be devoted to 致力于
6.a number of 大量的
7.so far 到目前为止
8.an amount of 大量的
9.be crucial for 对……至关重要
第二组
10.view ...as ... 把……看作……
11.be good for 对……有好处
12.be good at 擅长
13.come up 走近;被提出
14.come up with 想出
15.make good use of 很好地利用
16.be divided into 被划分成
17.in the course of 在……的过程中
18.pose a threat 构成威胁
Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用
1.They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes,monkeys,and humans) to have been cloned!(the first ...to do ..)
它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别,包括猿、猴子和人类)!
2.While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.(while 引导的让步状语从句)
尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要,但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。
3.How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.(whether ...or ...)
怎样使用它,究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难,完全取决于人类自己,而不取决于工具。
4.Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.(动词-ing短语作结果状语)
科学家们现在估计,该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病,使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。
5.Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months, the Spanish Flu is believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.(sb/sth be believed to be ...)
在18个月内造成5,000万人死亡之后,西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词法
名词后缀-er;-or;-ant;-ist;-ian;-ee表示“……人”
写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.(2025·1月浙江卷)As a company car is provided, you must have a driver’s license and a good driving record.
2.(2025·全国二卷)I’ll talk to the human resources director and let you know the result on Thursday.
3.(2025·1月浙江卷)For example, participants said they would be less likely to buy a genderless voice assistant than versions with male or female voices.
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1.furthermore adv.此外;而且;再者
Companies must protect workers’ rights; furthermore, they should fulfill environmental responsibilities by reducing carbon emissions.
企业必须保障工人权利;此外,还应通过减少碳排放来履行环保责任。
2.gene n.基因
①gene therapy 基因疗法
②gene pool 基因库
③gene mutation 基因突变
Research shows that a gene associated with taking risks is also associated with an increased likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur.
研究表明,一种与承担风险相关的基因也与成为企业家的可能性增加有关。
3.gesture n.手势;姿态;表示 v.打手势
①gesture to/at sb/sth 向某人/某物做手势
②as a gesture of goodwill/friendship 作为善意/友好的表示
③make/give a gesture 做一个手势
(2025·全国一卷) A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture of respect for the other side.
一位体面的获胜者总是会尽量以不超过一两分的差距击败对手,以示对对手的尊重。
4.transfer n.转移;迁移;调动;变换 v.转移(感情);转让(权力等);(使)搬迁
①transfer to ... 转移到……;调任至……
②transfer from ... 从……转移/调任
③transfer money/funds 转账
④transfer student 转学生
The development of high-speed rail has significantly reduced travel time between major cities, making day trips and transfers much easier.
高铁的发展大幅缩短了主要城市之间的出行时间,让一日游和换乘变得便捷得多。
5.transition n.过渡;转变;变迁;变革; v.<北美>经历转变过程;过渡
①transition from A to B 从A过渡/转变到B
②transition to ... 向……过渡/转变
③in transition 处于过渡/转变中
④career transition/job transition 职业转型/工作转换
Successful adaptation to university life requires students to navigate the transition from structured high school learning to independent study.
成功适应大学生活需要学生完成从结构化高中学习到自主学习的过渡。
核心知识 点面突破
capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力,才能
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①The nurse treated the patient (capable), checking the medicine carefully.
②He (能够) helping others while the people around admire his warm heart.
写美 完成句子
③她有写美丽故事的能力,常常把作品发表在校刊上。
, often sharing her work in the school magazine.
(1)the capability to do/of doing sth
做某事的能力
(2)capable adj. 有能力的;有才干的
be capable of 能够,能,敢于
(3)capably adv. 能干地
佳句 The girl had the capability of painting pictures, drawing flowers on the wall and her teacher encouraged her to join the school art competition.(学校生活)
女孩有绘画的能力,她在墙上画花,老师鼓励她参加学校的绘画比赛。
comparison n.比较
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①The teacher compared our class another one and advised us to learn their spirit of helping each other.
②The teacher asked us to (作比较) between city life and country life, writing down our ideas carefully.
写美 一句多译
③与上学期相比,这学期她的成绩有了显著提升。
→ , her grades have improved significantly this term.(comparison)
→ , her grades have improved significantly this term.(compare)
(1)in comparison with 与……相比
make a comparison 作比较
(2)compare vi.& vt. 比较,对比;把……比作
compare ...with/to ... 把……与……相比较
compared with/to ...和……相比(通常作状语)
佳句 Some people compare the journey of life to sailing: there are ups and downs, but you have to keep moving forward. (演讲稿)
有些人把生活的旅程比作航行:有高潮有低谷,但你必须不断前进。
联想 “比较”的同义表达:
①similar to 类似
②in common with 与……相同
③in contrast to 相比之下
bound adj.很有可能,肯定会
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①The girl is bound (feel) happy after receiving the letter, smiling with tears in her eyes.
②The man (忙于) repairing his bike, trying to fix the chain.
写美 完成句子
③这列开往北京的列车上载满了学生,他们正兴奋地交谈着。 (动作描写)
, carrying many students, who were talking excitedly.
be bound to do sth 一定会做某事
be bound for 开往某地;准备前往某地
be bound up in sth 忙于某事
佳句 The plane was bound for Shanghai, flying smoothly through the thick white clouds, while the young boy pressed his face to the window eagerly, dreaming of the busy and colorful city. (环境、动作描写)
飞机飞往上海,平稳地穿过厚厚的白云,而小男孩急切地把脸贴在窗上,梦想着那座繁忙多彩的城市。
locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置
练通 单句语法填空
①The restaurant, (locate) on the corner of the street, served delicious food.
②The (locate) of the village was special, near a big river.
写美 完成句子
③博物馆位于首都,展出许多宝物。 (地点介绍)
, showing many treasures.
(1)located adj. 位于
be located in 位于;坐落于
(2)location n. 位置;地点
佳句 The workers located the broken pipe, repairing it at once, while the villagers waited nearby, hoping for clean water again. (动作描写)
工人们找到了坏掉的水管,立即修理,而村民们在旁边等待,希望再次用上干净的水。
estimate vt.估计,估算;估价
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①In my (estimate), she is one of the most talented artists of her generation.
②The value of the antique vase (估价为) over $1,000.My grandmother had no idea it was worth so much.
写美 句型转换
③We estimate that over two hundred students will join the sports meeting.
→ over two hundred students will join the sports meeting.
(1)estimate sth at ... 估算某物的价格为……,
估计某数字为……
be estimated to do ... 估计做……
estimate that ... 估计……
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
(2)estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计;判断,评价
佳句 The coming storm is estimated to bring heavy rainfall and winds up to 80 mph. (环境描写)
即将来临的风暴预计带来大量降雨和高达80英里/小时的强风。
bury vt.埋葬,安葬;埋藏;将……埋在下面;遮盖;使专心
练通 单句语法填空
①I (bury) in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
写美 句型转换
②David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.
→David still refused to look at me, .(分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, .(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me, .(独立主格结构)
埋头于;专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
佳句 The boy buried himself in reading adventure stories, completely lost in imagination, while his friends outside shouted loudly, but he did not hear them at all.(动作描写)
男孩埋头读冒险故事,完全沉浸在想象中,而外面的朋友大声喊叫,他却一点也没有听见。
联想 “动词+反身代词+介词”的表达:
①lose oneself in 沉浸于/忘情于
②adapt oneself to 使适应
③address/apply/devote oneself to 致力于
④discipline oneself to 迫使自己
pose vt.造成,引起,产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势,姿态
①The heavy rains pose a serious threat.
大雨构成了严重威胁。
②The teacher’s unexpected announcement posed excitement among the students.
老师出人意料的宣布引起了学生们的兴奋。
③The lack of communication poses difficulties.
缺乏沟通带来了困难。
④He looked relaxed as he struck a casual pose.
他看起来很放松,摆了个随意的姿势。
句型公式:动词-ing形式(短语)作结果状语
教材原句 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic, making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.
科学家们现在估计,该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病,使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。
写美 微写作
①农夫在田里大声喊叫,结果把鸟吓得飞走了,孩子们想知道他为什么那天早晨如此生气。 (动作描写)
The farmer shouted in the field, , and the children wondered why he was so angry that morning.
②昨天我去看望我的好朋友,结果得知她一周前出国了。 (动作描写)
Yesterday I went to see my good friend, .
(1)动词-ing形式(短语)作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果。
(2)动词不定式(短语)作结果状语,一般放在句子后面,且表示出乎意料的结果,常与only, just等词连用。
佳句 ①She opened the box suddenly, dropping all the toys onto the floor, which made her little brother cry loudly. (动作描写)
她突然打开盒子,结果所有玩具掉在地上,这让她的小弟弟大声哭了起来。
②He invested all his savings in the stock market, not knowing the risks involved.
他把所有积蓄都投入了股市,不知道其中涉及的风险。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1.nerve n.神经;勇气 vt.鼓足勇气
①She nerved herself to ask the teacher for help, realizing that it was the only way to understand the difficult topic.
②A sensitive nerve in a tooth can cause great pain.
③You’ll need plenty of nerve to sit beside him when he is driving.
2.pose vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等) n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势
①This book’s cover photo shows a scientist in a confident pose, symbolizing humanity’s readiness to tackle the challenges posed by AI.
②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
③Please sit still while you pose for your photo.
3.Learning that he was appointed as head of the team,he couldn’t contain his excitement.
4.We cannot calculate on his help because he is not reliable.
5.We sampled a selection of different bottles of water.
6.I got up early to catch the train that was bound for Shanghai.
7.Her head was buried in the book she was reading.
8.It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life.
单句语法填空
1.The new software has the capability (process) large amounts of data quickly.
2.When you make a (compare) between the two products, you’ll notice that one is more affordable and offers better features.
3.If we continue working this hard, we are bound (finish) the project ahead of schedule.
4.The museum (locate) in a historic building, allowing visitors to experience both art and architecture at the same time.
5.It (estimate) to take about two weeks to complete the repairs, but the weather may cause some delays.
完成句子
1.莎拉是第一个正确完成科学实验的学生。(序数词后加动词不定式)
Sarah the science experiment correctly.
2.这个宝藏被认为藏在山中的某个地方。(be believed to)
The treasure somewhere in the mountains.
3.语言障碍使得游客与当地人交流困难。(barrier)
made it difficult for the tourists to communicate with the locals.
4.得到足够的休息至关重要,因为睡眠有助于提高记忆力和集中力。(crucial)
, as sleep helps improve memory and concentration.
5.她花了整个下午彻底清洁厨房。(thorough)
She spent the whole afternoon of the kitchen.
应用文增分练——是否应该克隆人类
你校英文报就“是否应该克隆人类”发起讨论,请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括:
(1)同意的观点;
(2)反对的观点;
(3)你的看法。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.最近,我们就“是否应该克隆人类”进行了一次讨论。(宾语从句)
2.50%的学生认为克隆人类是非常有意义的。(meaningful)
3.它可以使世界更加有趣,给人们带来更多快乐。
4.我们可以克隆一些著名的科学家,让他们为人类做更多的事情。
5.而40%的学生的想法则完全不同。(while)
6.在他们看来,人类是不能被克隆的。(in one’s opinion)
7.首先,我们每个人都很特别,但克隆人只不过是一个复制品。(nothing but)
8.此外,克隆人可能会被一些坏人利用,这将给世界带来巨大的危害。(非限制性定语从句)
9.就我而言,现在很难说克隆人类是否正确。(as far as)
10.也许我们只能拭目以待。
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇 80个词左右的短文。
读后续写微技能——燃起希望,逐梦火星
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
词汇积累
人物描写:straightforward; self-discipline; crew
环境描写:hazardous; unexceptional; tragically; instantaneously; lifelike; awesome
动作描写:become accustomed to; rekindle; cast a shadow on; scream; suspend; submit; angle; fetch; sneeze
佳句积累
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong. (心理描写)
2.The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.How wrong they had been!Instantaneously, excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people’s hearts. (心理描写)
3.We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. (动作描写)
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
主题语境主旨升华技巧:脱困类
结尾一:经
历+感悟
That day was so unforgettable that it would be engraved in my mind forever.
那一天是如此难忘,它将被永远刻在我的脑海里。
结尾二:名言/句型+感悟
1.Only then was I aware that it was courage that enabled us to overcome whatever hardships we came across. (倒装;强调句型)
直到那时我才意识到,是勇气使我们能够克服我们遇到的任何困难。
2.Just as the old saying goes, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.” With joint efforts we finally achieved our goal.
正如常言所说:“有志者,事竟成。”在大家的共同努力下,我们终于达成了目标。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
场景导入:“我”的梦想是去火星,但面临很多难题,朋友的话给予“我”希望……
When my friend, who is knowledgeable about astronomy, asked me which planet I would most like to visit if given the chance, I 1. (兴奋地大喊), “Mars!” But my friend reminded me, “There are still many challenges waiting to be solved.With the temperature being over 60 degrees below zero, now we can’t go to Mars.” 2. (我有些失落).My friend encouraged me, “3. (只有我们不向困难屈服,我们才能实现我们的目标;倒装).4. (正如常言所说,有志者,事竟成).” Hearing this, the hope in my heart rose again.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷,阅读D)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out.In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.If, for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response.Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
做真题——感悟命题角度
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?
A.The methods of estimation.
B.The underlying logic of the effect.
C.The causes of people’s errors.
D.The design of Galton’s experiment.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if .
A.the crowds were relatively small
B.there were occasional underestimates
C.individuals did not communicate
D.estimates were not fully independent
34.What did the follow-up study focus on?
A.The size of the groups.
B.The dominant members.
C.The discussion process.
D.The individual estimates.
35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies?
A.Unclear. B.Dismissive.
C.Doubtful. D.Approving.
理脉络——构建篇章思维
再利用——拓宽词句积累
(一)由文本积阅读词汇
1.statistician n. 统计学家
2.phenomenon n. 现象
3.independent adj. 独立的
4.dominant adj. 主导的
5.limitation n. 限制
6.capitalize v. 大写,利用
(二)由文本积派生(合成)词汇
1.overestimate v.[合成词] 高估(over+estimate)
2.underestimate v.[合成词] 低估(under+estimate)
3.discussion n.[派生词] 讨论(discuss+-ion)
4.accuracy n.[派生词] 准确性(accurate+-cy)
5.follow-up n.[合成词] 跟进,后续(follow+up)
(三)由文本积主题语块
1.average of estimates 估计的平均值
2.cancel each other out 互相抵消
3.global reduction 全局减少
4.key finding 关键发现
5.potential implications 潜在影响
6.reduction in error 错误的减少
(四)由文本知变式运用
1.近义替换(用文中的词汇替换)
①make mistakes→ (第二段)
②the average gained from the estimates→ (第三段)
2.熟词生义(文中生义)
average [熟义] n.平均数→ [生义] (第二段第三句)
(五)由文本探析长难句
The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
分析:这是一个复合句。主句为 结构;第一个that引导 从句,在这个从句中含有when引导的 状语从句和第二个that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词 。
译文:
提示:完成课后作业 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 9
1 / 1
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UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY
【主题引领·语法融通】
1.with 2.treatment 3.artificially 4.to lead 5.that
6.factors 7.be classified 8.to 9.are opposed 10.systematic
【一维拓展·强基】
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.1.n.司机,驾驶员 2.n.负责人,主管 3.n.助手
【二维迁移·赋能】
核心知识 点面突破
1.①capably ②is capable of ③She had the capability to write beautiful stories
2.①with/to ②make a comparison ③In comparison with last term; Compared to/with last term
3.①to feel ②was bound up in ③The train was bound for Beijing
4.①located ②location ③The museum is located in the capital city
5.①estimation ②was estimated at ③It is estimated that
6.①am buried ②burying his head in his arms; with his head buried in his arms; his head buried in his arms
7.①frightening the birds into flying away ②only to learn that she had gone abroad a week before
高效迁移 微点练全
维度一
1.①vt.鼓足勇气 ②n.神经 ③n.勇气
2.①n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
②vt.造成(威胁、问题等) ③vi.摆好姿势
3.vt.克制,抑制(感情) 4.vi.指望 5.vt.品尝
6.adj.开往 7.adj.埋头于 8.vt.确定
维度二
1.to process 2.comparison 3.to finish 4.is located
5.is estimated
维度三
1.was the first student to do
2.is believed to be hidden
3.The language barrier
4.It is crucial to get enough rest
5.doing thorough cleaning
【三维写作·提能】
Part 1
第一步
1.Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.
2.50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very meaningful.
3.It can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.
4.We can clone some famous scientists and let them do more things for humans.
5.While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.
6.In their opinion, humans can’t be cloned.
7.First of all, each of us is very special, but a cloned person is nothing but a copy.
8.In addition, cloned people may be used by some bad people, which will do great harm to the world.
9.As far as I am concerned, it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or not right now.
10.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
第二步
Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very meaningful.They believe it can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.What’s more, we can clone some famous scientists and let them do more things for humans.
While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.In their opinion, humans can’t be cloned.First of all, each of us is very special, but a cloned person is nothing but a copy.In addition, cloned people may be used by some bad people, which will do great harm to the world.
As far as I am concerned, it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or not right now.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
Part 2
三、重拳锤炼续写场景
1.screamed at the top of my voice
2.I was cast down
3.Only if we don’t submit ourselves to difficulties can we achieve our goal
4.Just as an old saying goes, where there’s a will, there’s a way
【高考素养·培优】
一、做真题
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了针对“群体智慧”效应的各项研究,指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确。
32.B 段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知,本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的基本逻辑。
33.D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.和第三段中的when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion ...independent individuals可知,Navajas的研究发现,即使团队成员的估计不是完全独立的,估计的平均准确度也可以提高。
34.C 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知,后续研究主要关注小组成员在讨论中的行为。研究人员发现,大多数情况下,小组成员表示他们“分享观点并共同推理”。因此,后续研究的重点是小组讨论的过程。
35.D 观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知,尽管Navajas的研究有局限性,但是对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的。由此判断,作者对Navajas的研究持赞同的态度。
三、再利用
(四)1.①errors ②obtained
2.v.平均
(五)主系表 表语 时间 groups 这项研究的关键发现是,当人群被进一步分为可以进行讨论的小组时,这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体更为准确。
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