UNIT 5 EDUCATION-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（北师大版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“Education”主题，系统整合高考核心考点，涵盖词汇（核心、拓展、多义）、语法（as引导状语从句等句型）、阅读（疑难词汇、真题语篇）及写作（应用文、读后续写），按“基础清单—核心突破—高考迁移”逻辑架构知识，通过考点梳理、方法指导（如构词法解阅读词汇）、真题训练（2024-2025年高考题解析）等环节，助力学生构建完整知识网络，突破复习难点。 讲义创新采用“练通+写美”双轨训练，如核心词汇“sympathy”通过语块填词与动作描写句子创作深化运用，培养语言能力与思维品质。设置分层练习（单句语法填空、完成句子、综合检测），配合真题语篇脉络分析与写作微技能（动作描写词汇积累），确保高效复习，既提升学生应考能力，也为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

UNIT 5　EDUCATION 　　Education is 1.exceptionally （exceptional） significant in facilitating individual development and promoting social progress．It helps cultivate creative minds and develop sympathy for fellow men．Teachers are expected not to abandon a single student regardless 2.of his/her bad behaviour．They have to urge students 3.to study （study） hard， stimulate 4.the initiative in students and teach them integrity so that they can make 5.contributions （contribute） to society in the future．In addition， students 6.are exposed （expose） to complex circumstances， so it is vital for them to think critically．That is， it is teachers’ responsibility 7.to cultivate （cultivate） students’ insight and judgement．However， the fruit of education is sweet．Almost all civilizations regarded teachers as worthy and 8.respected （respect） citizens．Many successful people owe 9.their （they） success partly to their teachers．In conclusion， education is 10.beneficial （benefit） to mankind． 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认 第一组 1.facilitate vt．　促进；使便利 2.cultivate vt．　　培养，养成（技能、态度或素质） 3.philosopher n．　　哲学家 4.enlighten vt．　　启迪；指导，教导 5.straightforward adj．　　简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的 6.doll n．　　玩偶 7.initially adv．　　起初 8.imitation n．　　模仿，仿效 9.violet n．　　紫罗兰 10.ray n．　　（太阳或月亮的）光线 第二组 11.abstract adj．　　抽象的 12.concept n．　　概念；想法 13.breakthrough n．　　突破；重大进展 14.necklace n．　　项链 15.objective n．　　目的，目标 adj．　　客观的 16.well－rounded adj．　　多面的，全面的 17.cognition n．　　认识，认知 18.core adj．　　核心的 19.insight n．　　洞察力；顿悟 20.civil adj．　　文明的，有礼貌的；公民的 第三组 21.integrity n．　　正直，诚实；完整 22.acquisition n．　　获得，习得 23.economics n．　　经济学 24.uncritically adv．　　无鉴别力地；不加批评地 25.respectively adv．　　各自地 26.initiative n．　　主动性 27.autonomous adj．　　自主的；自治的 28.demonstrate vt．　　展示；说明 29.royal adj．　　皇家的；王室的 30.primitive adj．　　原始的 第四组 31.prison n．　　监狱 32.conventional adj．　　守旧的；传统的 33.kingdom n．　　王国 34.apron n．　　围裙 35.entitle vt．　　名为……；使有权利 36.imply vt．　　意味着…… 37.preoccupied adj．　　全神贯注的 38.civilisation n．　　文明 39.philosophy n．　　思想体系；哲学 40.overall adj．　　全部的 Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨 1.stream n．　　水流；小溪；气流；一连串 vi．　　流淌 2.gain vt．　　获得，赢得，取得；受益；增加； 增长；到达 n．　　利益；好处 3.rank n．　　等级；地位，级别；军衔 v．　　使排成行；把……分等级 4.promote vt．　　促进，增进；推动；晋升；提拔；促销；推广 5.stubborn adj．　　固执的，执拗的；倔强的 6.complex adj．　　复杂的；难以理解的 7.gently adv．　　轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 8.circumstance n．　　境况，状况；情况， 情形 9.obvious adj．　　显然的，明显的；易理解的 10.routine n．　　惯例，常规；例行公事 Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写 第一组 1.significance n．　　重要性，意义 2.sympathy n．　　同情，同情心 3.insist vi．　　坚称；坚持主张 4.severe adj．　　很严重的 5.tendency n．　　倾向 6.superb adj．　　极好的，卓越的 7.eyesight n．　　视力 8.relate vi．　　理解；相联系 9.technique n．　　技巧，手法 10.liquid n．　　液体 11.precious adj．　　宝贵的 12.grasp vt．　　理解，领会 第二组 13.gradual adj．　　逐渐的，逐步的 14.vocabulary n．　　词汇量 15.apparent adj．　　显而易见的；明白的 16.forehead n．　　额，前额 17.vivid adj．　　生动的，逼真的 18.pursue vt．　　追求 19.critical adj．　　批评的，批判的 20.moral adj．　　道德（上）的 21.regardless adv．　　不管；不顾 22.citizen n．　　公民；市民 23.brilliant adj．　　聪颖的，才华横溢的 24.worthy adj．　　有价值的；值得尊敬的 第三组 25.church n．　　教会； 教堂 26.universe n．　　宇宙 27.abandon vt．　　放弃； 抛弃 28.owe vt．　　有……是由于； 把……归功于 29.shadow n．　　阴影 30.vital adj．　　极其重要的， 必不可少的 31.mankind n．　　人类 32.motion n．　　运动 33.timetable n．　　时间表， 日程表； 时刻表 34.facility n．　　设施， 设备 Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓 第一组 1.consist vi．由……组成；在于；符合→consistent adj．一贯的，一致的 2.analyse vt．分析，剖析→analysis n．分析，剖析 3.educate vt．教育；教导，指导→educator n．教育工作者→education n．教育→educational adj．教育（方面）的；有教育意义的→educationalist n．教育（学）家 4.evaluate vt．评估，评价→evaluation n．评估，评价 5.exception n．例外；除外→exceptional adj．杰出的，非凡的；例外的→exceptionally adv．极其，非常；例外地；罕见地→except prep．除了……之外 6.restrict vt．限制，约束→restriction n．限制，规定，约束→restrictive adj．限制性的，限定的 7.bear vt．忍受；承受→bearable adj．可以忍受的→unbearable adj．难以忍受的；承受不住的 8.trouble n．问题，麻烦→troublesome adj．引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的 9.excite vt．使激动，使兴奋→excited adj．激动的→exciting adj．令人激动的→excitement n．兴奋，激动 10.pain n．痛；痛苦→painful adj．令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的→painfully adv．令人痛苦地；艰难地 11.enthusiasm n．热情→enthusiastic adj．热心的，热衷的→enthusiastically adv．热情地，热心地 第二组 12.expand vi．& vt．（使）扩大；增加→expansion n．扩大；扩充；扩张 13.puzzle vt．使困惑，使迷惑 n．谜；难题→puzzling adj．令人困惑的；费解的→puzzled adj．困惑的；茫然的 14.disappoint vt．使失望→disappointed adj．失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj．令人失望的→disappointment n．失望 15.contribute vi．& vt．奉献，捐献→contribution n．奉献，捐献 16.finance n．金融；财政→financial adj．金融的；财政的 17.expose vt．使接触；使体验；使暴露；揭露；曝光→exposed adj．无遮蔽的；无保护的；风险高的→exposure n．面临；暴露 18.surround vt．包围；围绕→surrounding adj．四周的，附近的→surroundings n．环境 19.judge v．判断 n．法官；审判员→judgement n．判断力；意见，评价；判决 20.behave vi．表现→behaviour n．表现；行为 21.conclude vt．推断出；得出结论 vi．结束，终结→conclusion n．结论 22.define vt．下定义；界定→definition n．定义，释义 第三组 23.responsible adj．有责任的→responsibility n．责任 24.prior adj．优先的；较重要的；先前的；早前的→priority n．优先处理的事；优先权 25.stimulate vt．刺激，促使，促进→stimulation n．刺激，激励，激发 26.assess vt．评价→assessment n．评价；估价 27.inefficient adj．效率低的，能力差的→efficient adj．效率高的，有能力的→efficiency n．效率 28.approve vt．赞成；赞许；批准→approving adj．赞成的；赞许的；同意的→approval n．赞成；赞许；批准→disapprove vt．不赞成，反对 29.urge vt．强烈要求；敦促→urgent adj．紧急的→urgency n．急迫；急事 30.assume vt．假定，假设→assumption n．假定，假设→assuming conj．假设，假定 31.respect vt．尊敬 n．尊敬；方面→respected adj．受尊敬的，受敬重的→respectable adj．值得尊敬的；得体的→respectful adj．尊敬的；恭敬的 32.wise adj．智慧的→wisdom n．智慧 33.benefit vt．对……有益 vi．受益于n．利益→beneficial adj．有利的，有帮助的 34.arrange vt．排列，布置→arrangement n．排列，布置 Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记 第一组 1.regardless of　　　　　　　　　　　不管；不顾 2.in conclusion　　最后 3.have a tendency to do sth　　有做某事的倾向 4.relate to　　理解；有关 5.hold up　　举起 6.open up　　开放，开启 7.be eager to do sth　　渴望做某事 8.be enthusiastic about　　对……有热情 9.put one’s arm round/around sb　　搂住某人 10.keep on doing sth　　继续做某事 第二组 11.work on　　从事 12.in a flash　　突然，一瞬间 13.to start with　　首先，作为开始 14.be used to doing sth　　习惯于做某事 15.go against　　反对；对……不利 16.come to one’s defence　　为某人辩护 17.feel like　　感觉像 18.approve of　　赞成 19.put forward　　提出 20.fellow man　　人类 Ⅵ．单元佳句 ——我会用 1.．．．Comenius， insisted that when teaching， the subject matter should be adapted to learners’ interests ．．．　（状语从句的省略） ……夸美纽斯认为，在教学时，内容应该适合学生的兴趣…… 2.This was because she couldn’t see or hear．　（because引导表语从句） 这是因为她看不见也听不见。 3.As Anne wrote on Helen’s hand， Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand．　（as引导时间状语从句） 安妮在海伦手上写字的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉液体。 4.Now that Helen grasped the key to language， she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could．　（now that引导原因状语从句） 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能学以致用。 5.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word — a word for something she couldn’t touch．　（It be＋the＋序数词＋time） 那是海伦第一次明白复杂词语的意思，她触摸不到的抽象词语。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 形容词后缀－able 表示“可……的，能……的”；形容词后缀－ible表示“可……的” 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2024•1月浙江卷）But this highly informed，self－educated， and admirable person prevented me doing so．　adj．令人钦佩的 2.（2024•全国甲卷）These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time．　adj．可爱的 3.（2024•新课标Ⅱ卷）Emmanuel Chappard， an experienced guide， has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all．　adj．可使用的，可获得的 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.ethnic adj．民族的；种族的；具有民族特色的 ①ethnic groups　　　　　　　　民族；族群 ②ethnic minorities　　少数民族 ③ethnic culture　　民族文化 Protecting the traditions of ethnic minorities is crucial for cultural diversity． 保护少数民族的传统对文化多样性至关重要。 2.evolve v．发展；进化；演变 ①evolve from　　由……进化/发展而来 ②evolve into　　发展成，进化为 ③evolve out of　　从……中逐步演变 Artificial intelligence is evolving at an unprecedented pace， raising both hopes for innovation and concerns about ethical risks． 人工智能正以前所未有的速度发展，既带来了创新希望，也引发了伦理担忧。 3.exceed vt．超过；超越（限制）；超出 ①exceed expectations　　超出预期 ②exceed the budget　　超出预算 ③exceed the speed limit　　超速 ④exceed a deadline　　超过截止日期 The study found that air pollution levels in some cities exceeded the WHO safety limits by more than 10 times． 研究显示，部分城市的空气污染水平超出世界卫生组织安全限值10倍以上。 4.sore adj．疼痛的；非常的；气恼的；愤愤不平的； n．疮；痛处；伤处 ①sore throat　　喉咙痛 ②sore muscles　　肌肉酸痛 ③sore spot　　痛处/敏感话题 ④a sore loser　　输不起的人 After hiking for hours， my legs were so sore that I could hardly walk． 徒步数小时后，我的腿酸痛得几乎无法行走。 核心知识 点面突破 consistent adj．一贯的，一致的 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①His actions were consistent （consist） with his words， as he always kept his promises， which made his friends respect him more． ②Happiness often consists in （存在于） helping others， and students， realizing this， spend their free time volunteering． 写美 一句多译 ③这个班由五十名学生组成。 →The class consists of fifty students． →The class is made up of fifty students． →The class is composed of fifty students． →The class is comprised of fifty students． （1）be consistent with　　　与……相一致/相符合 （2）consist vi．　　由……组成；在于；符合 consist in　　在于，存在于 consist of　　由……组成/构成 consist with　　与……相一致/相符合 佳句 His explanation didn’t consist with the facts．It became clear that he was trying to hide something．　（动作、心理描写） 他的解释与事实不符。很明显他在试图隐瞒一些事情。 点津consist of没有进行时态和被动语态。 联想 表示“由……组成”的短语： be made up of；be composed of；be comprised of sympathy n．同情，同情心；赞同，支持 练通 语块填词 ①In sympathy with （支持） her friend’s plan， she promised to help， and they worked until midnight． ②Out of sympathy （出于同情）， they collected money for the family that lost their home in the fire． 写美 完成句子 ③她对那个陌生人充满同情，给他食物，他眼含泪水感谢她。　（动作描写） She had sympathy for the stranger， offering him food， and he， with tears in his eyes， thanked her． express/feel sympathy for sb　　对某人表达/感到同情 have （no） sympathy for sb　　（不）同情某人 be in sympathy with　　赞同，支持；和……一致 out of sympathy　　出于同情 佳句 Feeling sympathy for the injured dog， the girl took it home， and her family， moved by her action， decided to keep it．　（动作描写） 出于对受伤小狗的怜悯，女孩把它带回了家，家人被她的善举打动，决定收养这只小狗。 disappointed adj．失望的，沮丧的 练通 单句语法填空 ①One by one，the applicants left the interviewer’s office with disappointed （disappoint） looks on their faces． ②Sensing that I was disappointed at/with/by losing the game， he kindly encouraged me with warm words and my disappointment （disappoint） gave way to a strong desire to try harder next time． 写美 完成句子 ③她失望地发现旅行被取消了。她期待了好几个星期，甚至已经把包都打好了。　（心理、动作描写） She was disappointed to find out that the trip had been canceled， having looked forward to it for weeks and already packed her bag． （1）be disappointed at/with/by ．．． 　　对……感到失望 be disappointed to do sth　　对做某事感到失望 be disappointed that ．．．　　对……失望 （2）disappoint vt．　　使失望 （3）disappointing adj．　　令人失望的 （4）disappointment n．　　失望，沮丧 to one’s disappointment　　令某人失望的是 佳句 ①After being told that the cash machine still did not play along， Gunter let out a long sigh， with his subtle expression displaying a sign of disappointment．　（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷） 在被告知自动取款机仍然不配合后，冈特长叹一声，他的微妙表情显示出失望的迹象。 ②I find his lack of effort truly disappointing． 我对他缺乏努力感到非常失望。 conclusion n．结论 练通 单句语法填空 ①After a long day of hiking， we concluded our trip by taking （take） a group photo at the top of the mountain． ②He concluded his speech with a famous saying “Where there is a will， there is a way”， making everyone believe that effort can really bring success． 写美 一句多译 ③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动很重要。 →I conclude from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands．（conclude） →I come to/reach/draw a conclusion from my own experiences that it is important to work with our own hands．（conclusion） （1）in conclusion　　最后；总之 come to/reach/draw a conclusion　　得出结论 （2）conclude vt．　　断定；推断出 conclude ．．．with sth/by doing sth　　以……结束…… to conclude　　总之 conclude from ．．．　　从……中得出结论 佳句 In conclusion， China’s 75 years of progress has been remarkable．From the early years of reconstruction to the modern era of innovation， China has transformed into a global leader．　（现象介绍） 总的来说，中国75年的进步是显著的。从早期的建设年代到现代的创新时代，中国已经转变为一个全球领导者。 responsibility n．责任 练通 语块填词 ①We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for （对……负责） our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect oceans from being polluted． 写美 完成句子 ②我认为，保护并向世界传播中国传统文化是我们的责任。　（演讲稿） As far as I am concerned， it is our responsibility to preserve and spread traditional Chinese culture to the world． （1）take responsibility for sth　　　对……负责 It is sb’s responsibility to do sth　做某事是某人的职责 （2）responsible adj．　　负责的；有责任的 be responsible for sth　　对……负责 佳句 I believe your initiative could inspire people to take more responsibility for the environment．　（2025•北京卷） 我相信你的倡议能激励人们为环境肩负更多责任。 worthy adj． 有价值的；值得尊敬的 练通 单句语法填空 ①I hold the firm belief that it is worthwhile to experience/experiencing （experience） the self－study room in our school library，so please accept my sincere invitation． ②You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to China enjoyable and worthwhile （worth）． 写美 一句多译 ③在中国有很多值得参观的旅游景点。 →There are a great many tourist attractions that are worth visiting in China．（worth） →There are a great many tourist attractions that are worthy of being visited/to be visited in China．（worthy） （1）be worthy （2）值得做某事 （3）be worth 佳句 The speech， worthy of attention for its clear message， made the students realize that success depends not only on talent but also on hard work and strong will．　（学校生活） 这次值得关注的演讲传递了清晰的信息，让学生们明白成功不仅依靠天赋，还依靠努力和坚定的意志。 urge vt．强烈要求；敦促；催促 n．强烈的欲望；冲动；驱策力 练通 单句语法填空 ①Every time he walks by the bakery， Tom has an urge to buy （buy） a chocolate cake．The smell of fresh bread is just too difficult for him to resist． ②It became urgent （urge） to repair the roof before the storm came， otherwise the whole house might be destroyed by the rain． 写美 句型转换 ③We must urge that more people （should） reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes． →We must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes．（使用复合宾语） →It is urged that more people （should） reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes．（it作形式主语） （1）urge sb to do sth　　　　　催促某人做某事 urge that ．．．（should） do sth　极力主张/强调……做某事 It is urged that ．．．（should） do sth　坚决要求……做某事 （2）have an urge to do sth　　有强烈的欲望做某事 （3）urgent adj．　　紧急的；迫切的 urgency n．　　紧迫；急迫；急事 佳句 ①Anyone who has an urge to speak fluent English can register for our Spoken English Club， where members meet every Friday evening， practicing together．　（通知） 任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语俱乐部。会员们每周五晚上相聚，共同练习口语。 ②It is strongly urged that all passengers remain seated until the aircraft comes to a complete stop． 敦促所有乘客保持就座，直到飞机完全停止。 abandon vt．放弃；抛弃；中止 n．尽情，放纵 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①After several failed attempts， they decided to abandon trying （try） to solve the difficult math problem and ask the teacher for help instead． ②The children ran through the park with abandon （放任地）， laughing and playing without a care in the world． 写美 完成句子 ③她沉湎于阅读自己最喜欢的小说，暂时忘记了所有的烦恼。　（动作描写） She abandoned herself/was abandoned to reading her favorite novel， forgetting all her worries for a while． （1）abandon oneself to （doing） sth　沉湎于（做）某事；纵情于（做）某事 abandon doing sth　　　 　　　放弃做某事 （2）with abandon　　放纵地；放任地 （3）abandoned adj．　　被遗弃的；放纵的 be abandoned to （doing） sth　　沉湎于（做）某事 佳句 I still remembered my friends’ promise so I went past the abandoned milking house to see if they had fixed the broken window．　（2023•1月浙江卷） 我仍然记得我朋友们的承诺，所以我经过废弃的挤奶房，去看看他们是否已经修好了破碎的窗户。 owe vt．有……是由于；把……归功于；欠（账、钱、人情等） 练通 单句语法填空 ①I must say I owe all the achievements to the encouragement and help from my friends． ②We owe it to the entire team’s relentless efforts that the project was completed ahead of schedule． 写美 句型转换 ③Thanks to his optimism and perseverance，he was admitted into Peking University． →It was owing to his optimism and perseverance that he was admitted into Peking University．（强调句型） ④I owe my great progress in English learning to you． →I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning． （owe it to sb that） （1）owe sb sth=owe sth to sb　　欠某人某物 owe sth to sb/sth　把某事归功于某人/某事 owe it to sb that ．．．　　把……归功于某人 owe it to sb to do ．．．　　把……归功于某人 （2）owing to　　因为，由于 佳句 I had acted thoughtlessly， and it was clear that I owed him an apology， because my attitude made him feel unwanted．　（2025•全国一卷） 我做事欠考虑，很明显我应向他道歉，因为我的态度让他感到不舒服。 联想 “把……归功于”的其他表达： ①attribute （sth） to sb/sth 将某事归因于某人/某物 ②credit sb/sth with （sth） 将某事归因于某人/某物 ③thanks to sb/sth 多亏了某人/某事 arrange vt．排列，布置；整理；谱写，改编（乐曲） vt．& vi．筹备；安排 练通 语块填词 ①The headmaster arranged for （安排） some students to welcome the guests， and their polite behavior left a deep impression on everyone． 写美 完成句子 ②校长为运动会做了安排，鼓励大家参与。 The headmaster made arrangements for a sports meeting， encouraging everyone to take part． （1）arrange （for sb） to do sth 　　安排（某人）做某事 arrange sth for sb　　为某人安排某事 （2）arrangement n．　　安排；筹备 make arrangements for ．．．　　为……做安排 佳句 We arranged to meet at the same taxi rank where we first met， patiently waiting in the cold wind．　（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷） 我们安排在第一次相遇的同一个出租车站见面，在寒风中耐心等待。 vivid adj．生动的，逼真的 ①The vivid memory of my childhood home still brings a smile to my face． 童年家园的鲜活记忆仍让我微笑。 ②The vivid description of the sunset in the book made me feel like I was there． 书中关于日落的生动描写让我仿佛置身其中。 ③During the dream， I had a vivid image of flying over a beautiful beach． 在梦中，有一个生动的画面，我飞越美丽的海滩。 句型公式：as引导时间状语从句 教材原句　As Anne wrote on Helen’s hand， Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over her hand． 安妮在海伦手上写字的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉液体。 写美 微写作/句型转换 ①随着太阳落下，我们沿着河边散步，开心地聊天。 As the sun was setting， we walked along the river， talking happily． ②这个孩子的笑容像太阳一样灿烂，温暖了身边每个人的心。　（比喻） The child smiled as brightly as the sun， warming everyone’s heart around him． ③As he is a child， he likes to be treated like an adult． →Child as he is， he likes to be treated like an adult． as引导状语从句的用法： （1）as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着；一边……一边……”。 （2）as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。 （3）as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，从句通常用倒装语序。 （4）as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，依照”。 （5）as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”，从句常省略与主句相同的部分。 佳句 As expected， the play was a great success， and the audience praised the students for their hard work． 正如预期的那样，话剧演出非常成功，观众称赞学生们的辛勤付出。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.stream n．小溪；气流；一连串 v．流淌 ①The discovery triggered a stream of readers’ letters．　n．一连串 ②A stream of cold air rushed through the open door．　n．气流 ③（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷）A dirty stream， for example， often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived．　n．小溪 ④Tears streamed from her eyes when she watched the sad movie．　v．流淌 2.gain v．获得，赢得；增加；增长；（钟表）走快；到达 n．利益；好处 ①（2025•1月浙江卷）A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide．　v．获得，赢得 ②And I went into a speech about how hard I worked and the gains I was making．　n．利益；好处 ③I had to get my watch repaired because it gained two minutes every 24 hours．　v．（钟表）走快 ④Some people do gain weight after they stop smoking．　v．增加；增长 ⑤At last she gained the shelter of the forest with a guide leading the way．　v．到达 3.rank n．地位，级别；军衔 v．使排成行；把……分等级 ①He was soon promoted to the rank of general in the army．　n．军衔 ②She ranked the bottles in order of size along the shelf．　v．使排成行 ③She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank．　n．地位，级别 ④It is not advisable for teachers to rank students according to their grades．　v．把……分等级 4.promote v．促进；推动；晋升；提拔；促销；推广；将体育运动队晋级 ①They are under so much pressure that they have to promote their new products on television．　v．促销；推广 ②As a main promoter of the International Tea Day， the birthplace of tea and the largest tea－producing country，China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry．　v．促进；推动 ③While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted， Henry did his best to perform his duty．　v．晋升；提拔 ④After months’ hard practice， they were promoted to the First Division last season．　v．将体育运动队晋级 5.Many people are in sympathy with your views．　n．同意，赞同 6.I abandoned myself to computer games．I performed extremely badly in the end－of－term examination．　v．沉湎于；放纵 7.Located in Moscow， the Kremlin is a symbol of Russia and one of the world’s largest complexes．　n．建筑群 8.I repeated the question and waited for her to expand．　v．细谈，详述 9.Although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it．　adj．相当数量的 10.The plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river has proved to be practical．　v．抽取 单句语法填空 1.My dog behaves （behave） differently when we go to the park．He gets excited and runs around， playing with other dogs．However， at home， he is calm and likes to rest by my side． 2.Cats have a tendency （tend） to find warm spots to nap．My cat loves to curl up on the windowsill， soaking up the sun． 3.The surrounding （surround） mountains created a beautiful background for our picnic．We spread out our blanket on the grass and enjoyed delicious sandwiches． 4.Learning to play a musical instrument is worthy to be done （do）．It not only improves our skills but also brings joy to ourselves and others． 5.After finishing my homework， I felt an urge to go （go） outside and play with my friends． 6.During summer vacation， I decided to abandon myself （I） to painting every day． 完成句子 1.很显然，教育在塑造一个人未来中起着至关重要的作用。（obvious） It is obvious that education plays a crucial role in shaping one’s future． 2.我们分享的友谊对我来说非常重要，尤其是在困难时期。（significance） The friendship we share is of great significance to me， especially during tough times． 3.在假期与家人共度宝贵时光让我感到更加充实。（precious） Spending precious time with my family during the holidays helped me feel more refreshed． 4.与团队合作有助于产生更好的想法。（contribute） Working together with a team can contribute to better ideas． 5.既然项目已经完成，我终于可以放松并休息了。（now that） Now that the project is completed， I can finally relax and take a break． 　应用文增分练——人物介绍 　　你校英文报“人物”栏目正在征稿，请你根据下面提示写一篇短文投稿。 　　（1）人物简介； 　　（2）启示。 第一步　根据单元知识写美 句 1.她表现极为出色，自信地展现才华。 She performed exceptionally well， showcasing her talent with confidence． 2.她的许多智慧归功于她的家庭教师安妮•沙利文。（owe ．．．to ．．．） She owed much of her wisdom to her tutor， Anne Sullivan． 3.安妮•沙利文在复杂的问题上启发了她。（enlighten） Anne Sullivan enlightened her on complex subjects． 4.年轻时，海伦对她的缺陷感到失望。（状语从句的省略） When young， Helen was disappointed at her limitations． 5.遇到安妮为她打开了新的可能性。（open up） Meeting Anne opened up new possibilities for her． 6.海伦渴望学习，并对每一节课都充满热情。（be eager to do；be enthusiastic about） Helen was eager to learn and was enthusiastic about every lesson． 7.总之，海伦•凯勒给我们树立了一个好榜样。（in conclusion） In conclusion， Helen Keller sets a good example to/for us． 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇 80个词左右的短文。 　　She performed exceptionally well， showcasing her talent with confidence．She owed much of her wisdom to her tutor， Anne Sullivan， who enlightened her on complex subjects．When young， Helen was disappointed at her limitations．However， meeting Anne opened up new possibilities for her．Helen was eager to learn and was enthusiastic about every lesson．In conclusion， Helen Keller sets a good example to/for us． 　读后续写微技能——老师的鼓励，自信的源泉 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 词汇 积累 人物描写：considerate； constantly； objectively 动作描写：motivate； occupy； distract； throw in the towel； rely on； spit； promote； clarify； max out； equip 佳句 积累 1.I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days!　（情感描写） 2.I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day!　（情感描写） 3.I felt like I had lost an arm!　（比喻） 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 动作描写：动“手指” 经典 词汇 1.click v．点击 2.pluck v．摘；弹拨 3.pinch v．捏，拧，掐　　　　　　　 4.scratch v．挠，搔（痒处） 5.flick v．轻击，轻拍，轻拂，轻弹 6.point v．（用手指或物体）指，指向 靓点 语块 1.snap one’s fingers 打响指 2.dip one’s finger in sth 把手指浸在……中 3.lift/hold a warning finger 伸出一根手指警告 4.wrap one’s fingers around sth 把手指缠在某物上　　5.wag/wave one’s finger 摇着手指（表示不赞同） 6.point an accusing finger at sb 指责某人，怪罪某人 7.drum one’s fingers on sp 用手指咚咚地敲某处 8.lift/hold a finger to one’s lips 伸出一根手指按在某人的嘴唇上 出彩 佳句 1.“None of that!” cried the teacher， wagging/waving her finger．　（动词－ing短语作状语） “别那样!”老师摇着她的手指喊道。 2.“It was them!” she cried， pointing an accusing finger at the boys．　（动词－ing短语作状语） “是他们干的!”她喊道，指责那些男孩们。 3.The teacher drummed his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger， signaling us to stop talking．　（动词的联动） 老师用手指在黑板上敲了敲，然后竖起了一根手指以示警告，示意我们停止讲话。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：“我”紧张地站在舞台上，几乎想要放弃，但在老师的鼓励下，“我”变得更勇敢、更自信…… 　　Standing on the stage， I 1.wrapped my fingers around the corners of my coat （用手指紧紧抓着外套的衣角）．I almost 2.threw in the towel （认输）．Some students couldn’t help whispering．It was at that time that my considerate teacher 3.drummed his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger （用手指敲了敲黑板，然后举起一根手指以示警告；动词的联动）， signaling them to keep quiet．“Be quiet!” cried my teacher， 4.lifting a finger to his lips （把手指举到他的嘴唇上；动词－ing短语作状语）．Motivated by my teacher， I began reading my story．I was so occupied in reading that I felt I wasn’t alone．A braver and more confident girl appeared and ever since then， I 5.have been investing lots of energy to practise reading （一直投入大量精力练习朗读）． 　　（2025•全国二卷，阅读D）Does your soul die a little every time you throw away unused food？ Mine does．Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa， where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time． 　　Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant， supermarket， and supply chain industries．From technological solutions to educational campaigns， food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing．But last month， one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way：It changed its menu to exclusively （专门） offer food that would otherwise be thrown away． 　　For two weeks in March， Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED， and served items like fried skate cartilage， a juice pulp burger， and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad．Each dish was tailor－made to raise awareness regarding food waste． 　　A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue （收入）， and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled．Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out．Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero－waste systems， but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion． 　　It should be noted that none of the items on wastED’s menu was technically made from garbage．Instead， all the ingredients （配料） used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving．Things like kale ribs， fish collars， rejected sweet potatoes， and cucumber butts were all re－appropriated and， with the help of a number of good chefs， turned into excellent cuisine． 　　Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews， it was designed from the start as a short－lived experiment； Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu．Nevertheless， it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability， and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything． 做真题——感悟命题角度 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了纽约的一家餐厅Blue Hill为了提高人们对食物浪费的意识，通过将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴，生动阐释了节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念，为解决可持续发展问题提供了参考。 32.What can be inferred about the author’s early life？ A．He witnessed food shortage． B．He enjoyed the local cuisine． C．He donated food to Africans． D．He helped to cook at home． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者在南非长大，在那里“非洲有孩子在挨饿”这句话与其说是在晚餐时的祷告，不如说是一种提醒，使人想起令人不安的事实。由此推断，作者小时候亲眼见证过食物短缺。 33.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment？ A．To customize dishes for guests． B．To make the public aware of food waste． C．To test a food processing method． D．To improve the UK’s zero－waste systems． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Blue Hill进行这项实验的目的是提高人们关于食物浪费的意识。 34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about？ A．Why the ingredients were used． B．Which dishes were best liked． C．What the dishes were made of． D．Where the ingredients were bought． 解析：C　段落大意题。根据第五段第一句可知，wastED菜单上的东西不是由废料制作的；再结合下文内容可推断，本段主要讲述的是wastED菜单上的菜肴是由什么制成的。 35.What can we learn about wastED？ A．It has ended as planned． B．It is creating new jobs． C．It has regained popularity． D．It is criticized by top chefs． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，尽管wastED收到了热情的评论，但这从一开始设计的就是一个短暂的实验，而Blue Hill在实验结束后又回到了它的常规菜单。由此推断，wastED按原定计划实施完毕。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.concern．n．　担心，忧虑 2.campaign．n．　　运动，活动 3.item n．　　商品，菜品 4.generate v．　　产生，创造 5.witness v．　　目睹 6.solution n．　　解决方案 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.rename v． ［派生词］ 重新命名，更名（re－＋name） 2.tailor－made adj． ［合成词］ 特制的（tailor＋made） 3.re－appropriate v． ［派生词］ 重新利用（re－＋appropriate） 4.short－lived adj． ［合成词］ 短暂的（short＋lived） 5.uncomfortable adj． ［派生词］ 不舒服的（un－＋comfortable） 6.educational adj． ［派生词］ 教育的（education＋－al） （三）由文本积主题语块 1.be more of sth than sth　　与其说……，倒不如说…… 2.throw out　　扔掉，丢掉 3.experiment with　　试验，尝试 4.meat cuts　　肉块 5.receive enthusiastic reviews　　获得好评 6.from the start　　从一开始 7.serve as　　充当 （四）由文本知变式运用 1.近义替换（用文中的词汇替换） ①uneasy→uncomfortable （第一段） ②increasing→growing （第二段） 2.熟词生义（文中生义） ①cut ［熟义］ v．切，割→ ［生义］ n．切下的一块肉（第五段第二句） ②address ［熟义］ n．地址，住址→［生义］ v．处理（第六段第二句） （五）由文本探析长难句 Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa， where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder of fact than a prayer at dinner time． 分析：这是一个复合句。主句为主谓状结构；关系副词where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词South Africa。 译文：这种感受或许源于我在南非的成长经历——在那里，“非洲有孩子在挨饿”这句话，与其说是饭前的祷告词，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒。 跟踪检测（一） Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•重庆一中模拟）My daughter is a smart kid．But she never read books for pleasure． 　　When I faced this truth a few months ago， it felt like a parenting failure．Certainly， my daughter’s having landed a smartphone last year is part of the problem．I could see that what my daughter was looking for， like so many her age， was escape．To me， that felt developmentally appropriate．The problem was that the easiest way for her to find escape was to dive into the addictive chaos of her smartphone． 　　So I campaigned．I told her she needed to read because novels are the best way to learn about how people’s insides work．She said she could learn more from watching the people she followed on social media， who were all about spilling their insides． 　　I could not win our debates， I realized， because few of my daughter’s arguments against reading seemed wrong to me．Yes， reading is a way to broaden your universe and discover new worlds — but so is the entire internet． 　　So I decided to cut through all the reasoning with a cold， hard practicality： cash．I told my 12－year－old I would pay her $100 if she finished the book I picked for her within a month． 　　We then embarked on a beach holiday．And before the seventh day was done， my daughter had finished the book．When we got back home， she asked for the sequel， and then finished it in about two weeks — at no extra charge． 　　It actually worked! But will this lead to her reading Little Women？ To tearing through Catcher in the Rye and White Teeth？ Will it result in a long reading life full of night－stand piles of books？ I don’t know．What I do know is that together， we finally opened a new door for her to the printed page： a quiet personal place that I imagine — I hope — will serve her for a lifetime．That feels like the best money I ever spent． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者为让女儿摆脱智能手机、培养阅读习惯而采取的尝试及内心感受。 1.How did the author feel about her daughter’s attachment to smartphones？　（　　） A．She found it an ideal escape． B．She considered it to be her fault． C．She regarded it as understandable． D．She blamed it on her daughter’s peers． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的I could see ．．．the addictive chaos of her smartphone．可知，作者认为女儿对智能手机的依赖是同龄人寻求逃避的常见表现，具有成长阶段的合理性，虽存在问题但可以理解。 2.Why did the author give up trying to persuade her daughter？　（　　） A．Novels failed to reflect real life． B．Her daughter dismissed people’s insides． C．The internet offered broader experiences． D．Her daughter’s arguments made some sense． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，作者放弃说服女儿是因为女儿的论点有理有据，她无法反驳，认为女儿的观点有道理。 3.What does the underlined word “sequel” in paragraph 6 probably mean？　（　　） A．Plan． B．Reward． C．Warm－up． D．Follow－up． 解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第六段中的And before the seventh day ．．．at no extra charge．可推断，女儿读完第一本书后主动索要后续内容并继续阅读，推测sequel意为“续集，续篇”，与“Follow－up（后续作品）”含义相近。 4.Why does the author mention Little Women and other books in paragraph 7？　（　　） A．To present her plan． B．To voice her concern． C．To show her delight． D．To justify her strategy． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据尾段中的It actually worked!．．．night－stand piles of books？可知，作者用三个疑问句表达了对女儿能否通过短期奖励机制养成持续阅读习惯的担忧，不确定当前的方法能否让女儿真正爱上经典书籍并保持阅读热情。因此，提及这些书籍是为了表达她的担忧。 ①land ［熟义］ v．着陆→［生义］ v．获得 （文义） ②addictive （派）=addict＋－ive adj．上瘾的 ③embark on 开始做某事 ④night－stand （合）=night＋stand n．床头柜 ⑤smartphone （合）=smart＋phone n．智能手机 B 　　（2026•江苏省南京模拟）Learning new languages can be empowering， opening doors to connect with people from different cultures．Recently， a man practicing Chinese gained widespread attention after visiting a local Lanzhou noodle restaurant and speaking the language in a truly memorable way．Canadian resident Cali Lopez shared a video of his interaction with a Chinese waitress and their authentic and curious exchange quickly won praise online． 　　The incident occurred in Saskatoon， one of Canada’s largest cities， with a growing Chinese community．Cali appeared anxious and nervous at the Lanzhou noodle restaurant before a waitress approached him．Greeting her in her native language， he nearly left her in shock． 　　With a smile， Cali then politely asked the waitress if he could practice his Chinese and began ordering in her language， asking questions about the menu．He noticed a dish that caught his interest and asked in Chinese， “Is this sour pickle （泡菜） soup hot？” The waitress replied， “Yes， a little bit spicy．” Cali， who works as an English teacher， was fine with mild spice， replying， “Oh， I just want to order one．” When she asked about his other food preferences， he shared his desire for a dish with rice noodles． 　　The waitress then listed the restaurant’s six types of noodles， including three round and three flat varieties．Cali appeared to struggle a bit while discussing the types of noodles in Chinese， requesting the waitress to point to the menu and explain each dish’s preparation to help him order．After some thought， he chose the thinnest of the round noodles． 　　Curious about his language skills， Cali then asked， “Can you understand me？” and waited eagerly for her response．The waitress confirmed she could， leaving Cali visibly moved． 　　The one－minute video of this genuine and heartfelt exchange has received widespread praise on social media for recording a real， spontaneous （自发的） moment without any forced emotion． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大居民卡利•洛佩兹在当地一家兰州面馆用中文与服务员交流的经历，展现了一次温暖人心的文化交流，他用中文交流的真诚时刻在社交媒体上受到广泛赞扬。 5.How did the waitress feel at Cali’s greeting in Chinese？　（　　） A．Surprised． B．Confused． C．Annoyed． D．Uninterested． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Greeting her in her native language， he nearly left her in shock．可知，服务员对卡利用中文和她打招呼感到很惊讶。 6.What may have impressed the audience most in Cali’s video？　（　　） A．The Chinese food． B．The Chinese language． C．His genuine use of Chinese． D．His knowledge of Chinese noodles． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，最让观众印象深刻的是卡利真诚地使用中文。 7.What can we learn from Cali’s conversation with the waitress？　（　　） A．He was eager to practice Chinese． B．He struggled with mild spicy food． C．He turned down her offer of help． D．He found it effortless to discuss the menu． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的With a smile ．．． asking questions about the menu．可推知，卡利渴望练习中文。 8.What does the article mainly talk about？　（　　） A．Language barriers of dining out． B．The challenges of learning Chinese． C．A heartwarming cultural exchange． D．The importance of being communicative． 解析：C　主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了一场暖心的文化交流。 ①empowering adj．赋能的 ②win praise 获得赞扬 ③authentic （派）=authent＋－ic adj．真实的 ④interaction （派）=inter－＋action n．互动 ⑤eagerly （派）=eager＋－ly adv．渴望 ⑥heartfelt （合）=heart＋felt adj．由衷的 C 　　（2026•山西晋城二模）In recent years， some experts suggest that reading on screens has led to more and more skim reading， since most digital texts tend to be relatively short．Some of them are even worried about the loss of our ability to engage more deeply with long texts． 　　So is there a “right” way to read？ 　　“There’s a lot of discussion whether social media has sort of destroyed our ability to pay attention，” says Daniel Willingham， a psychologist at the University of Virginia．“None of us knows， because this is a very difficult research problem．” 　　Willingham theorizes that our changing reading habits are likely not because our attention is degraded．Otherwise， that would have huge effects on our other abilities， like memory．But because the Internet provides an opportunity for endless entertainment， our willingness to focus on a text might be decreasing．He is optimistic that most people can learn these close reading skills with practice． 　　“In some ways， focusing on the same thing for a long time is not necessarily a natural state，” Willingham explains．“Our mind wants to sample different things and see what’s going on in our environment．Therefore， it might not be helpful to put skimming and close reading against each other， but rather to understand that both are important to learn， especially when we have huge amounts of information available at our fingertips．” 　　Skimming — where we skip over words and sections to grasp the main idea of a text — is a common reading strategy．Skimming is sufficient for most beach reads， for example， which don’t require us to recall details of a scene． 　　Our familiarity with the type of text also influences the strategy we use to read．If we have read a lot of mystery novels， we may get used to the structure of the text and thus be able to skim sections and still get what’s going on． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍的是数字化时代略读和精读两种阅读策略的特点及其关系，并探讨了如何平衡两者的使用。 9.Why have our reading habits changed， according to some experts？　（　　） A．We can’t concentrate on long texts any more． B．Our opportunity for entertainment is endless． C．We have too much information to absorb． D．Our willingness to focus on a text is decreasing． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Some of them are ．．．more deeply with long texts．可知，我们的阅读习惯改变是因为我们无法再专注于长篇文本。 10.What does Daniel Willingham say about the two reading strategies？　（　　） A．Both of them should be learned with practice． B．They are destroying our ability to pay attention． C．Close reading is not necessarily a better strategy． D．Skim reading is more important in the digital age． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第五段中的Therefore， it might not be helpful to ．．．amounts of information available at our fingertips．可知， Daniel Willingham认为，不应将略读和精读对立起来，而是要认识到两者都很重要，由此可知，他并不认为精读一定是更好的策略。 11.What is the author’s attitude to skim reading？　（　　） A．Disapproving． B．Doubtful． C．Favorable． D．Unclear． 解析：C　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的Skimming — where ．．．a common reading strategy．以及尾段最后一句可知，作者认为略读是一种常见的阅读策略，有时略读某些部分但仍能理解故事的发展，由此可推断，作者对略读持支持态度。 12.What is the best title for the text？　（　　） A．Short Digital Texts Are Destroying Our Ability to Concentrate! B．Should We Put Skimming and Close Reading Against Each Other？ C．Can Our Ability to Engage More Deeply With Long Texts Be Recovered？ D．Be Aware of the Huge Amounts of Information Available in Our Daily Lives! 解析：B　标题归纳题。全文围绕略读与精读展开讨论，强调不应将两者对立，而是应认识到它们各自的重要性，略读与细读本身没有好坏之分，所以B项（我们是否应该将略读与精读对立起来？）概括了文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。 ①strategy n．策略 ②sample ［熟义］ n．样品→［生义］ v．尝试，快速浏览 （文义） ③sort of 有几分 ④relatively（派）=relative＋－ly adv．相对地 ⑤entertainment（派）=entertain＋－ment n．娱乐 ⑥familiarity（派）=familiar＋－ity n．熟悉 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•湖北黄冈三模） The Impact of Technology on Modern Education 　　Technology is developing fast these years and changing our lives a lot， especially in education．For hundreds of years， traditional classroom settings have been the basic part of education.13.　　 　　Firstly， the use of digital devices such as tablets and laptops in the classroom has made it easier for students to access a vast amount of information instantly.14.　　 Instead of relying solely on textbooks， students can now explore a wide range of resources， including online articles and videos．This not only enriches their knowledge but also helps them develop critical thinking and problem－solving skills． 　　Moreover， online learning platforms have revolutionized the way students learn and interact with their teachers and peers.15.　　Nowadays students can attend virtual classes， submit assignments， and receive feedback from their teachers at any time and from anywhere．This flexibility is particularly beneficial to students who have busy schedules or live in remote areas， as it allows them to continue their education without being physically present in a classroom． 　　16.　　 One of the main concerns is the digital divide， which refers to the gap between those who have access to digital technology and those who do not．Many students from low－income families may not have access to computers or the Internet at home．This can result in unequal educational opportunities， as students without access to the necessary technology may fall behind their peers． 　　Additionally， there is a risk that students may become overly dependent on technology， which could affect their ability to think independently and solve problems without relying on digital tools．17.　　 Teachers need to strike a balance between using technology to enhance learning and encouraging students to develop their own cognitive abilities． A．But now， digital tools and online platforms are changing them． B．Students may also become distracted by the numerous digital devices． C．Technology allows educators to meet the unique needs of each student． D．Students can now access information from around the world in seconds． E．However， the technology in education also comes with some challenges． F．The traditional classroom is still the most effective way to teach students． G．The convenience of online learning platforms has made education more accessible． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。科技对现代教育影响深远，数字设备和在线平台带来便利，如信息获取便捷、学习灵活，但也存在数字鸿沟等挑战。 13.A　上文强调传统课堂的长期主导地位，空处需引出科技对其的改变，A项符合语境，通过But now形成转折，them指代上文traditional classroom settings，衔接科技对传统教育的影响。 14.D　上文强调数字设备让信息获取更便捷，空处需具体说明信息获取的效率，D项符合语境，in seconds呼应instantly，进一步突出信息获取的即时性，且from around the world扩展了信息范围。 15.G　上文强调在线平台对学习模式的革新，空处需说明其带来的便利效果，G项符合语境，convenience概括平台特点，more accessible对应下文 any time and from anywhere，具体诠释灵活性优势。 16.E　下文开始讨论科技带来的问题，空处需引出转折性的挑战，E项中However表示转折，challenges总领下文 “数字鸿沟”等问题，逻辑衔接紧密。 17.B　上文讨论技术依赖的负面影响，空处需补充另一种潜在问题，B项符合语境，also表明与上文“过度依赖”并列的问题，distracted进一步扩展技术对学习的干扰。 ①digital adj．数字的 ②critical adj．批判性的 ③divide ［熟义］ v．分割→［生义］ n．差距，鸿沟 （文义） ④online learning platforms 在线学习平台 ⑤submit assignments 提交作业 ⑥cognitive adj．认知的 跟踪检测（二） Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•山东师大附中模拟）It was a clear autumn morning， and the lake was calm， its surface reflecting the golden colors of the surrounding trees．I stood at the edge of the dock （船埠）， my toes tightly holding the wooden boards， as I watched my friends dive into the water with effortless grace．Their laughter spread across the lake， but I remained frozen， my heart beating fast． 　　I hadn’t swum for years — not since the accident．At twelve， during a family vacation， a sudden wave pulled me under in the ocean．I remembered the panic， the struggle to breathe， and the feeling of powerlessness．After that， I avoided water， fearing it would drown me again． 　　But standing there that morning， something changed．I was tired of being afraid， tired of letting that moment define me．I wanted to reclaim the joy I once found in swimming．With a deep breath， I stepped off the dock． 　　The cold water shocked me， but I surfaced， breathing for air．Instead of swimming back， I treaded （踩水） water， forcing myself to stay afloat．My heart raced， but I closed my eyes， focusing on my breathing， calming myself．Then， I dove under． 　　The world beneath was silent and peaceful．Sunlight shone through， casting reflecting patterns on the lakebed．I felt weightless， free from my fears．For those moments， I was no longer the girl scared by an accident — I was just me， floating in my own world． 　　When I emerged， I felt a great achievement．I had faced my fear and proven I could overcome it．That day marked a new chapter．I started swimming regularly， rebuilding my confidence．Each dive made me stronger， more in control． 　　The accident didn’t just take away my love for swimming — it taught me that fear doesn’t have to be a prison． It can be a challenge， an opportunity to grow．Sometimes， all it takes is one brave moment to change everything． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者多年前在一次游泳时不小心被海浪拖进水中，差点溺水，之后，作者虽然很害怕，但还是努力克服恐惧，重新开始游泳的故事。 1.What caused the author to avoid swimming for years？　（　　） A．She was afraid of the freezing cold water． B．She didn’t have any friends to swim with． C．She had a terrible experience in the ocean． D．She didn’t like the feeling of touching water． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者多年来避免游泳是因为在 12 岁时的一次家庭度假中，在海洋里遭遇了意外，被海浪卷入水下，那次可怕的经历让她害怕水。 2.How did the author feel when she first stepped off the dock？　（　　） A．Shocked and scared． B．Calm and relaxed． C．Excited and confident． D．Concerned and bored． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四段中The cold water shocked me， ．．．My heart raced可知，作者刚从船埠走下去时，冷水让她震惊，而且她心跳加速，说明她很害怕，所以她的感觉是震惊和害怕。 3.What does the author mean by saying “fear doesn’t have to be a prison”？ 　（　　） A．Fear can prevent people from doing what they love． B．Fear can be overcome and used as a motivation to grow． C．Fear is something that might change everything for sure． D．Fear is always a negative emotion in people’s daily life． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中The accident didn’t just ．．．an opportunity to grow．可推知，作者的意思是恐惧不一定是牢笼，它可以被克服，并且可以作为成长的动力。 4.What does the passage want to convey？　（　　） A．Swimming in a lake nearby brings pure joy． B．Swimming in the ocean ends up with dangers． C．Having family vacations is extremely important． D．Overcoming fear and reclaiming one’s life matters． 解析：D　推理判断题。通读全文以及最后一段中It can be a challenge， ．．．to change everything．可知，文章讲述了作者因为一次意外而多年害怕游泳，但最终克服恐惧，重新找回游泳的快乐，并且意识到恐惧可以被克服，是成长的机会。所以文章想要传达的是克服恐惧、重新掌控自己的生活很重要。 ①panic n．惊慌 ②surface ［熟义］ n．表面→［生义］ v．浮出水面 （文义） ③pattern n．图案 ④define ［熟义］ v．下定义→［生义］ v．控制，决定 （文义） ⑤chapter ［熟义］ n．章节→［生义］ n．新阶段 （文义） ⑥with grace 优雅地 B 　　（2026•甘肃白银模拟）Parents hoping to raise bilingual （说双语的） children have long been given the advice to employ a strict one－parent－one－language approach．However， the findings from Concordia University’s Infant Research Lab indicate that many families in Montreal don’t abide by this model， with both parents frequently using both languages when communicating with their children．“This made sense to us， because there are a lot of adults in Montreal who are actively bilingual，” says Andrea Sander－Montant， lead author of the study． 　　The researchers analyzed data from 300 families taking part in the lab’s research between 2013 and 2020.They identified four main strategies used by the families： one－parent－one－language， both－parents－bilingual， one－parent－bilingual （where one parent uses both languages and the other uses one） and one－language－at－home （where one language is used at home and another one is used outside the home， such as at daycare）． 　　The study found there wasn’t a single strategy that could be singled out as “best” to raise a child bilingually．But when they looked at parents’ language use individually rather than the family’s overall strategy， the researchers had an unexpected and striking finding： mothers had up to twice the impact on language exposure compared to fathers．The influence of mothers was particularly clear in heritage－language families． 　　“We think this may be the case because mothers still spend more time at home than fathers．There may also be cultural factors at play； where mothers feel it is their responsibility to transmit （传播） the language，” says Sander－Montant． 　　“This points to a new way of talking about transmitting languages，” says Krista Byers－Heinlein， a professor in the Department of Psychology．“Rather than stressing about using this or that strategy， families can make a calculation of who is spending time with the child and then figure out how the child can receive enough experience in both languages from fluent speakers．” The researchers believe these findings will have a real－world impact for policymakers， health care workers and educators who closely work with and give advice to bilingual families． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍康考迪亚大学婴儿研究实验室关于双语家庭语言策略的研究，包括家庭使用的四种主要策略、母亲对孩子语言接触影响更大的发现及相关建议。 5.What does the underlined phrase “abide by” refer to in paragraph 1？　（　　） A．Follow． B．Perceive． C．Oppose． D．Transform． 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，长期以来一直建议希望培养双语孩子的父母严格采用父母各讲一种语言的方式，而研究发现蒙特利尔的许多家长在与孩子交流时经常使用两种语言，由此可知，他们没有“遵循”所倡导的那种模式，所以画线短语的意思与“遵循”的意义相近。 6.What is the key factor in leading to the breakthrough of the study？　（　　） A．Long－held parenting beliefs． B．Conventional language guidelines． C．Individual parental language use． D．Main strategies in bilingual families． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的But when they looked ．．．compared to fathers．可知，研究的突破是获得了一个意想不到的惊人发现：母亲对孩子语言学习的影响是父亲的两倍。由此可知，这一发现是研究人员单独研究父母个人的语言使用情况时产生的。 7.Why does the author quote Sander－Montant’s words in paragraph 4？　（　　） A．To introduce another topic． B．To prove the finding reasonable． C．To highlight the role of mothers． D．To provide essential background． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，母亲在家的时间仍然比父亲多，她们觉得传递语言是她们的责任。由此可知，引语内容解释了造成母亲对孩子语言学习的影响是父亲的两倍这一现象的原因，即证明了这一发现的合理性。 8.What is Byers－Heinlein’s suggestion for bilingual parents？　（　　） A．Sending children to bilingual schools． B．Hiring a full－time language teacher． C．Seeking advice from health care professionals． D．Fully exposing kids to both fluent languages． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Rather than stressing ．．．from fluent speakers．可知，专家的建议是父母无需强调使用这个或那个策略，而是要让孩子充分沉浸在两种流利的语言环境之中。 ①figure out 解决，规划出 ②responsibility n．责任 ③make sense 有道理；说得通 ④single ［熟义］ adj．单一的，单个的→［生义］ v．挑出；特别指出 （文义） ⑤stress ［熟义］ n．压力→［生义］ v．强调 （文义） ⑥calculation （派）=calculate＋－ion n．计算 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　（2026•贵州遵义模拟）My daughter Bethesda was born disabled．The disability made her attendance at 　9　 too difficult， so I decided to homeschool her．As a single mother， apart from earning money and keeping house， now I had to be a（n） 　10　． 　　Many questioned if I could be 　11　 to a professional teacher， predicting that Bethesda would end up a 　12　．However， a Harvard study found homeschooled children “generally develop into outstanding adults”．Inspired， I 　13　 this brave new world． 　　I discovered the primary school curriculum is so 　14　 that within weeks， I was introducing Bethesda to university－standard lessons．　15　， I not only taught Bethesda the skills 　16　 at work， but life skills， like tolerance and respect for others．My 　17　 was to create a child with the capacity on every level． 　　Raising a child alone， I was barely able to make ends meet．But for Bethesda’s further learning， I 　18　 the one－way tickets to England， where the 　19　 resources would be far superior．After that， there were only 2 dollars 　20　 in my bank account． 　　Yes， I was 　21　； yes， at times I thought I’d go mad with stress．But the morning Bethesda was 　22　 to Oxford University， the sense of joy， pride and relief was overwhelming．My only child’s future was， after 10 long years of 　23　， assured． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位单亲母亲在面对残疾女儿的教育问题时，选择在家亲自教育女儿的感人故事。 9.A．hospital　　　　　　　　　 B．church C．school D．home 解析：C　根据下文so I decided to homeschool her可知，作者决定让女儿在家学习，说明女儿去学校上学有困难。 10.A．teacher B．programmer C．cook D．athlete 解析：A　根据上文可知，作者要在家教女儿学习，即当一名老师。 11.A．familiar B．equal C．indifferent D．polite 解析：B　结合上文作者决定在家教女儿学习以及空后可知，许多人质疑作者是否能等同于一名专业教师。 12.A．master B．champion C．criminal D．failure 解析：D　根据上文可知，很多人质疑作者，故应是预测Bethesda会以失败告终。 13.A．launched into B．reflected on C．talked about D．cleaned up 解析：A　launch into 开始做，投入；reflect on 反思；talk about 谈论；clean up 打扫干净。根据Inspired和下文作者描述的作者教授女儿各种技能可知，作者受到鼓舞后投身于这个美丽的新世界。 14.A．popular B．reliable C．accurate D．basic 解析：D　根据下文I was introducing Bethesda to university－standard lessons可知，作者开始教授大学标准课程，故小学课程太基础了。 15.A．Moreover B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 解析：A　上文说作者教授大学标准课程，下文提到还教授其他技能，故此处是递进关系。 16.A．gained B．trained C．required D．discovered 解析：C　根据the skills以及at work可知，此处指工作所需要的技能。 17.A．evidence B．achievement C．aim D．theory 解析：C　根据上文提到作者教授女儿各种技能和空后可知，作者的目标是造就一个在各个方面都有能力的孩子。 18.A．received B．booked C．borrowed D．cancelled 解析：B　下文提到作者账户余额，故此处指作者预订了去英国的单程票。 19.A．cultural B．economical C．natural D．educational 解析：D　结合上文But for Bethesda’s further learning可知，作者是想要进一步培养女儿，故去英国应是由于那里的教育资源优越。 20.A．left B．hidden C．stolen D．stuck 解析：A　根据上文可知，此处指买完票银行账户还剩下2美元。 21.A．satisfied B．exhausted C．addicted D．ashamed 解析：B　根据下文at times I thought I’d go mad with stress可知，作者有时也会感到很累。 22.A．limited B．attached C．accepted D．devoted 解析：C　根据下文the sense of joy， pride and relief was overwhelming可知，作者有喜悦、自豪和如释重负的感觉，可推知女儿被牛津大学录取了。 23.A．negotiation B．luck C．leisure D．effort 解析：D　结合上文描述作者教授女儿各种技能以及空前after 10 long years of可知，经过10年的努力，作者孩子的未来有了保障。 ①curriculum n．课程 ②tolerance n．宽容 ③end up 最终成为 ④disabled（派）=disable＋－ed adj．残疾的 ⑤professional（派）=profession＋－al adj．专业的 ⑥homeschool （合）=home＋school v．在家上学 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•山东济宁一模）The Taklimakan Desert， infamous as the “Sea of Death”， has now been fully encircled by the longest sand－blocking green ecological barrier， 24.　　　　　　 length reaches an impressive 3，046 kilometers， 25.　　　　　　 （mark） the completion of over 40 years of efforts to contain the desert expansion within a safety zone． 　　Covering 337，600 square kilometers， the Taklimakan is China’s largest drifting desert， which poses an 26.　　　　　　 （increasing） alarming threat to surrounding oases （绿洲） and serves as a significant source of dust storms and an upwind area for the country．In an effort to battle desertification and relieve the unfavorable effects of shifting sands and dust storms 27.　　　　　　 nearby residents， the “Green Great Wall” has gradually emerged．So far， alongside the green belt， efforts 28.　　　　　　 （make） to promote the development of sand－related industries， such as ceramics and pottery．The green belt not only acts as 29.　　　　　　 ecological barrier but also stabilizes agriculture， boosts Xinjiang’s economic development， and highlights China’s technological and organizational strength in ecological governance． 　　It is a shining example of 30.　　　　　　 can be achieved through technological innovation and organizational capabilities．With a target 31.　　　　　　 （restore） 2.34 million hectares of degraded land by 2030， this ongoing initiative will safeguard the environment and promote 32.　　　　　　 （region） sustainable development．With the successful 33.　　　　　　 （complete） of the green barrier， this region， once troubled by serious sandstorms， is set to see renewed vitality and dynamic ecosystems． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了历经40余年，中国在塔克拉玛干沙漠建成最长防沙屏障，它遏制沙漠扩张，推动产业发展，助力生态恢复。 24.whose　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the longest sand－blocking green ecological barrier，在从句中作定语，所以应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 25.marking　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作结果状语，mark与前面的句子是主动关系，应用动词－ing形式。故填marking。 26.increasingly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词alarming，应用副词作状语。故填increasingly。 27.on/upon　考查介词。relieve the effects on/upon ．．．是固定搭配，表示“减轻对……的影响”。故填on/upon。 28.have been made　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，efforts与make之间是被动关系，再根据So far可知，句子应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语efforts是复数，助动词用have。故填have been made。 29.an　考查冠词。ecological barrier是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一道生态屏障”，应用不定冠词，ecological的读音以元音音素开头。故填an。 30.what　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 31.to restore　考查非谓语动词。target后常用动词不定式作后置定语，a target to do sth表示“做某事的目标”。故填to restore。 32.regional　考查形容词。development是名词，修饰名词应用形容词作定语。故填regional。 33.completion　考查名词。空处作with的宾语，名词completion，表示“完成”，为不可数名词。故填completion。 译文：塔克拉玛干沙漠，因其“死亡之海”而声名狼藉，如今已被最长的防沙绿色生态屏障完全环绕，其长度达到了令人惊叹的3 046公里，标志着40多年来将沙漠扩张控制在安全区域内的努力得以完成。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $