UNIT 3 CONSERVATION-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（北师大版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“Conservation”主题，系统整合词汇（核心词、拓展词、多义词）、短语、句型（如倍数表达法）及写作（倡议书、读后续写）等高考核心考点，按“基础积累—考点突破—迁移应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过单元知识清单梳理必备词汇短语，核心知识点面突破进行方法指导（如“练通”单句语法、“写美”完成句子），结合高考真题训练与分层练习，帮助学生构建完整复习框架，突破难点。 资料突出“以用促学”特色，采用构词法（如en-前缀、-able后缀）强化词汇记忆，句型公式（倍数表达法）提升语法应用能力，写作模块分应用文（倡议书）和读后续写（情感描写微技能）专项训练，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置三维练习（单句语法、完成句子、语篇阅读），配合真题解读与跟踪检测，确保复习效率，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支撑。

UNIT 3　CONSERVATION 　　It’s said that dinosaurs died out because of a natural disaster．But now， many species 1.are endangered （endanger） or even extinct just because humans do varied harm to them．It is human activities that are 2.to blame （blame） for the mass extinction．However， we should be aware 3.of the fact that without the species on which we depend for our survival， we would be also at risk．Many 4.anxious （anxiety） environmentalists write informative and innovative 5.essays （essay） to educate people to go green．Conservation measures involve 6.switching （switch） to solar energy， stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks 7.that can’t be recycled， and taking public transportation on a regular basis to and from work．To sum up， everybody has 8.a role to play in protecting our planet and if we all set out 9.to do （do） our part， the harmonious world will 10.be restored （restore）． 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认 第一组 1.item n．　一项，一条 2.rhino n．　　犀牛 3.asteroid n．　　小行星 4.coconut n．　　椰子 5.shell n．　　壳；贝壳 6.innovative adj．　　新颖的，创新的，革新的 7.refillable adj．　　可再填充的 8.bin n．　　垃圾箱 第二组 9.carton n．　　硬纸盒；塑料盒 10.cutlery n．　　餐具 11.council n．　　委员会；理事会 12.roadworks n．　　道路施工 13.poultry n．　　家禽肉，家禽 14.temple n．　　庙宇，寺院 15.thunderstorm n．　　雷暴 16.Confucius　　孔子 17.typhoon n．　　台风 18.Atlantic adj．　　大西洋的 Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨 1.switch vi． & vt．　　转换，改变；调班 2.hatch vi． & vt．　　（使）孵化；策划 3.horn n．　　（牛、羊等头上的）角；汽笛声 4.mass adj．　　大量的 n．　　一团；大堆；民众；质量 5.decrease n．　　减少； 减少的量 vi． & vt．　　减少 6.blame vt．　　责怪，指责；把……归咎于 n．　　责备；指责 7.swallow vi． & vt．　　吞下，咽下；掩饰；抑制 8.jam n．　　拥挤，堵塞； 果酱 v．　　动弹不得；卡住了 9.claim vt．　　声称； 断言； 主张；夺去（生命）；认领 n．　　声称； （根据权利而提出的）要求；索赔 10.sum vt．　　概括，总结 n．　　金额，款项； 总数 11.organic adj．　　不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的 Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写 第一组 1.threat n．　　　　　　威胁； （灾难等坏事）发生的可能 2.packet n．　　小包，小盒 3.incredibly adv．　　非常地， 极端地 4.species n．　　物种， 种 5.affect vt．　　影响 6.restore vt．　　（使）恢复 7.wrap vt．　　包，裹 8.chopsticks n．　　筷子 9.decade n．　　十年，十年期 10.solar adj．　　太阳光（能）的 11.cancer n．　　癌症 第二组 12.gas n．　　气，气体 13.essay n．　　论说文； 散文 14.involve vt．　　包含，需要 15.billion n．　　十亿 16.instance n．　　例子，实例 17.drug n．　　药物，药材； 毒品 18.valley n．　　谷，山谷 19.agricultural adj．　　农业的 20.memorial n．　　纪念馆；纪念碑 adj．　　（对逝者）纪念的，追悼的 21.carve vt．　　雕，刻 22.transportation n．　　交通运输系统，运输方式 Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓 第一组 1.conserve vt．保护；节约→conservation n．保护→conservative adj．保守的；守旧的 2.destroy vt．破坏；毁掉→destruction n．破坏；毁坏→destructive adj．破坏性的 3.mine n．矿；矿井→miner n．矿工→mining n．采矿业 4.recycle vi． & vt．再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj．可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclable adj．不可回收的 5.inform v．通知→informative adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的→information n．信息 6.illegal adj．非法的，违法的→illegally adv．非法地，违法地→legally adv．合法地→legal adj．合法的 7.hunt vi． & vt．猎取，猎杀；寻找→hunting n．打猎→hunter n．猎人 8.extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n．灭绝 9.urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的→urgently adv．迫切地；急切地→urgency n．紧急情况 10.unusual adj．异常的；不平常的→unusually adv．不寻常地→usual adj．平常的→usually adv．通常地 第二组 11.vary v．变化→varied adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→various adj．各种各样的→variety n．种类；各式各样 12.endanger v．使面临危险；危及；危害→endangered adj．濒危的→danger n．危险→dangerous adj．危险的 13.consume v．消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费；消耗 14.waste v． & n．浪费→wasteful adj．浪费的；挥霍的 15.dirt n．灰尘，尘土→dirty adj．脏的 16.real adj．真的；真实的→really adv．真正地；确实地→realistic adj．现实的，实际的→reality n．真实；现实→realise vt．实现；认识到 17.aware adj．意识到的，明白的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj．不知道的；未察觉到的 18.collect v．收集；收藏→collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑→collector n．收藏家→collective adj．集体的 19.anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑 20.reuse v．再使用，重复使用→reusable adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的→use v．使用 第三组 21.stick v．将……刺入（或插入）；刺→stuck adj．卡住的，无法移动的 22.annoy vt．使……不悦；惹恼→annoyed adj．烦恼的，生气的→annoying adj．使人烦恼的→annoyance n．生气；令人烦恼的事物 23.anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj．生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv．气愤地；愤怒地 24.relate vi．相联系，有关联→related adj．相联系的→relation n．联系，关联 25.regular adj．定期的，有规律的 n．常客→regularly adv．有规律地→irregular adj．无规律的 26.suit vt．适合 n．套装→suitable adj．适合的 27.oppose v．反对→opposed adj．反对的；截然不同的→opponent n．反对者；对手，敌手 28.cruel adj．残忍的→cruelly adv．残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍 29.scene n．地点，现场；场面→scenic adj．景色优美的→scenery n．风景 30.history n．历史→historic adj．古老的；历史上重要的→historian n．历史学家 Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记 第一组 1.have a role　　　　　起某种作用（联想 ：play a role扮演一个角色） 2.do one’s part　　尽自己的职责 3.die out　　消失；绝迹，灭绝 4.wipe out　　彻底毁灭 5.be to blame　　（对某事）负有责任 6.be at risk　　处境危险，受到威胁 7.set out　　开始做某事，着手进行 8.stressed out　　焦虑的 9.be related to　　与……有关联（同义：be associated with） 第二组 10.for instance　　例如（同义：for example） 11.sum up　　概括，总结 12.switch to　　切换到，转向 13.cut down　　削减 14.in danger　　处于危险之中 15.at present　　目前 16.do away with　　废除，消灭 17.sit around　　闲坐着 18.turn on sb　　突然袭击某人 Ⅵ．单元佳句 ——我会用 1.Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally， the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern．　（It is not unusual for sb to do） 虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。 2.They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1，000 times faster than normal．　（倍数表达法） 他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1，000倍。 3.This morning， it took me 40 minutes to go downtown．　（It takes sb some time to do） 今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。 4.How often do we arrive at work or school， stressed out， tired and angry？　（形容词短语作状语） 又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁？ 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 前缀en－，后缀－en都是常见的动词词缀；高考中常常出现由这类动词转换的形容词 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2025•全国一卷）Encouraged， I posted more．My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house．　adj．受到鼓舞的 2.（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys．　adj．濒临灭绝的 3.（2024•北京卷）In humans， a greatly enlarged brain boosts self－control， just as it boosts problem－solving skills in the social as well as the physical world．　adj．被增大的 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.economy n．经济；节约；组织 adj．经济的；廉价的 ①boost/stimulate the economy　　　刺激经济 ②market economy　　市场经济 ③digital economy　　数字经济 ④make economies　　节约开支 ⑤economy class　　经济舱 The circular economy aims to minimize waste by reusing and recycling materials． 循环经济旨在通过重复利用和回收材料来最大限度减少浪费。 2.electric adj．电的；电动的；令人震惊的 ①electric current　　电流 ②electric circuit　　电路 ③electric car/vehicle　　电动汽车 ④electric performance　　震撼的表演 Major automakers are investing billions in electric vehicles， which are expected to dominate the market in the next decade． 主要汽车制造商正投资数十亿美元发展电动汽车，预计它们将在未来十年内主导市场。 3.elevator n．电梯 ①take the elevator　　乘电梯 ②elevator entrance　　电梯口 ③elevator button　　电梯按钮 The next time you step into an elevator and blame the dull background elevator music， remember： it could be worse． 下一次当你走进电梯，抱怨乏味的背景电梯音乐时，请记住：情况可能更糟。 4.rival n．竞争对手 vt．与……竞争；比得上；adj．竞争的 ①business rival　　商业竞争对手 ②rival for　　……的竞争者 ③rival sb in　　在……方面与某人竞争 ④rival products　　竞争产品 Although they are rivals on the basketball court， they are good friends off the court and often help each other． 尽管在篮球场上他们是竞争对手，但在场下他们是好朋友，经常互相帮助。 5.sacrifice n．牺牲；舍弃；祭品 v．牺牲；奉献；献祭 ①make a sacrifice　　做出牺牲 ②at the sacrifice of　　以牺牲……为代价 ③without sacrifice　　无需牺牲；不付出代价 ④sacrifice A for B　　为B而牺牲A Firefighters often make great sacrifices to protect people’s lives and property， showing great courage and dedication． 消防员经常为保护人民生命财产做出巨大牺牲，展现出极大的勇气和奉献精神。 核心知识 点面突破 threat n．威胁；（灾难等坏事）发生的可能 练通 单句语法填空 ①The loud thunder threatened （threat） to interrupt our camping trip， but we were lucky enough to have clear skies after a while． 写美 完成句子 ②整个村庄都受到了迅速蔓延的森林火灾的威胁。　（环境描写） The entire village was under threat from the spreading forest fire． （1）a threat　　　　 　　　构成威胁的人或事物 under threat　　受到威胁 （2）threaten vt．　　威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及 （3）threatening adj．　　威胁的；恐吓的 佳句 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to the planet．　（环境保护） 只有当我们学会与大自然和谐共处时，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。 switch vi． & vt．转换，改变n．开关；转换器；改变；（铁路的）转辙器 练通 语块填词 ①Don’t forget to switch off （关上） all the lights before you leave the classroom． ②Before going to bed， make sure to switch on （打开） the alarm clock． 写美 完成句子 ③当意识到自己拿错了对方的背包时，珍妮和马克决定在午餐时交换。　（动作描写） When they realised they had picked up each other’s backpacks， Jenny and Mark decided to switch them with each other at lunch． switch off=turn off　　　　关上，断掉（电源等） switch ．．． with ．．． 　　用……和……调换 switch on=turn on　　打开（电灯、无线电等），接通（电源等） 佳句 The room was so dark that John could barely see anything， so he immediately switched on the lights and was surprised to see that his friends had arranged a surprise party for him． 房间黑得几乎什么都看不见，于是约翰立刻打开了灯，惊讶地发现他的朋友们为他准备了一个惊喜派对。 decrease n．减少；减少的量 vi． & vt．减少 练通 语块填词 ①The number of students in the computer club decreased from 40 to 25 （从40减少到25） this year， as many graduated． ②There has been a decrease of （下降） two degrees in temperature since yesterday， making it feel much colder than before． 写美 完成句子 ③由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。　（环境保护） Because of human activities， the number of some rare animals is on the decrease/decreasing． （1）on the decrease　　　在减少 a decrease of ．．． （in ．．．）　　（在……方面）……的减少量 （2）decrease （from ．．．） to ．．．　（从……）减少到…… decrease by ．．． 　　降低了…… decrease in ．．． 　　在……方面减少/减小/下降 佳句 The temperature decreased by 10 degrees overnight， causing everyone to wear warmer clothes．　（天气描写） 温度在一夜之间下降了10度，每个人穿上了更暖和的衣服。 blame vt．责怪，指责；把……归咎于 n．责备；指责 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①Don’t always blame your own failure on others．You should bear the blame for failure． ②After the event was ruined， they put/placed/laid the blame on （归咎于） the weather， forgetting that the preparation was poorly managed． 写美 完成句子 ③蒂姆被责备为演出失败负责，一阵悲伤袭来，他忍不住痛哭。　（心理描写） Blamed for the failure of the performance， Tim felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly． （1）be to blame （for sth）　　（对某事）负有责任，应受责备 blame sb for sth　　因某事责备某人；把某事归咎于某人 blame sth on sb/sth　　把某事归咎于某人/某事 （2）take/bear/shoulder the blame （for sth）　　承担（……的）过错/责任 put/place/lay the blame （for sth） on ．．．　　把（……的） 归咎于…… 佳句 “Was I to blame for all these embarrassments？ ” I guiltily thought to myself．　（心理描写） “这些难堪的局面都怪我吗？”我内疚地想。 aware adj．意识到的，明白的 练通 语块填词 ①Aware of （意识到） all the people staring at me， I was so nervous that I was sweating all over． 写美 完成句子 ②我呼吁政府发起更多的环保运动以唤起人们过低碳生活的意识。　（倡议书） I appeal to the government to launch more environment－friendly campaigns to arouse people’s awareness of living a low－carbon life． （1）be/become aware of sth/that ．．． 　　　知道/明白……；意识到…… （2）awareness n．　　意识；认识 arouse/raise one’s awareness of ．．． 　　唤起/提高某人……的意识 佳句 By raising awareness and offering support， your initiative could make a difference in breaking down barriers．　（2025•北京卷） 通过提高意识和提供支持，你们的倡议或许能在打破障碍方面发挥作用。 anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的；渴望的，非常希望的 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①He was anxious to meet （meet） his friends after a long time apart， excited to catch up and share their experiences． ②He was so anxious about （担忧） his son’s safety that he couldn’t sleep at night． 写美 完成句子 ③我如坐针毡，正焦急地等待着。　（心理描写） I was on pins and needles， waiting with anxiety/ anxiously． （1）be anxious　　　　　为……担忧 be anxious to do/that ．．．　　渴望做…… （2）anxiety n．　　忧虑，担心；渴望 with anxiety　　焦急地 （3）anxiously adv．　　焦急地 佳句 The anxious couple paced back and forth， their hearts heavy with worry for their sick child．　（心理、动作描写） 那对焦虑的夫妇来回踱步，心中充满了对他们生病孩子的担忧。 annoyed adj．烦恼的，生气的 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①Failure is annoying （annoy）， but what failure can teach us may never be taught in other ways． ②Tom was annoyed at/about （生气） the slow Internet connection， which made it difficult to finish his project on time． 写美 词汇升级/完成句子 ③Don’t get angry with your classmates and try your best to get along well with them．　annoyed ④持续不断的噪音惹恼了正在努力学习的学生。 The constant noise annoyed the students who were trying to study． （1）be annoyed at/about sth　　因某事生气 （2）annoy vt．　　使恼怒；打扰 annoying adj．　　使人不高兴的；恼人的 佳句 What annoys him is that he tries to relax， but his neighbors play loud music late at night， disturbing his peace．令他恼火的是，他试图放松，但他的邻居在深夜大声播放音乐，扰乱了他的宁静。 联想 “因某事生气”的其他表达： ①be frustrated with/by sth/sb 对……感到沮丧/挫败 ②be angry at/with sb about/for sth 　对……生气 ③be furious at/with sb about sth 　对……感到极度愤怒 suit vt．适合n．套装 练通 单句语法填空 ①I do believe I am suitable （suit） for this voluntary work， because I have a knowledge of English． 写美 句型转换 ②I do believe this voluntary work suits me， because I have a command of English．（用动词suit改写句①） （1）suit ．．． to ．．．　　　　　　　使……适合…… suit one’s needs　　适合某人的需要 （2）suitable adj．　　合适的；适用的 be suitable for　　对……适合的 be suitable to do sth　　适合做某事 佳句 The blue dress perfectly suited her， making her stand out in the crowd． 这件蓝色连衣裙非常适合她，使她在人群中脱颖而出。 relate vi．相联系，有关联 vt．联系，把……联系起来；叙述，讲述 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①“I can’t relate this problem to/with the previous one； they seem unrelated，” said the student． ②I relate to （合得来） my best friend very well， as we both share the same interests． ③In/With relation to （涉及） the recent events， they decided to hold a meeting． 写美 微写作 ④昨天气温的突然下降与即将来临的暴风雨有关。 The sudden drop in temperature was related to the upcoming storm yesterday． （1）relate ．．． to/with ．．．　　把……与……联系起来 relate to ．．．　　和……有关联；和……合得来 （2）related adj．　　有关系的，相关的 be related to　　与……有关系 （3）relation n．　　联系，关系 in/with relation to　　与……有关；涉及； 与……相比 佳句 The colours of the painting， though varied， relate harmoniously， creating a peaceful atmosphere． 尽管画中的颜色各不相同，但它们搭配和谐，营造出一种宁静的氛围。 set out 开始做某事，着手进行 练通 小语段训练 ①At 7 am last Saturday we set off for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free．On arriving at the farm， we set about picking fruits．When we arrived home， we set aside half an hour to set down what we thought of the fruit－picking activity． 写美 完成句子 ②我们燃放烟花迎接新年，明亮的颜色和巨大的轰鸣声充斥夜空。 We set off fireworks to welcome the New Year， filling the night sky with bright colors and loud booms． ③他们开始打扫厨房，而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。 They set about cleaning/set out to clean up the kitchen while their father helped make the breakfast． set off for　　　动身去（某地） set about （doing sth）　　着手/开始做（某事） set out （to do sth）　　出发；开始做（某事） set down　　写下；记下；登记 set up　　建立；竖立；搭起 set free　　释放，放走 set off　　出发；燃放（烟花）；引起 set aside　　把……放到一旁；省出；暂时不考虑 佳句 World Oceans Day was set up to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans which play a crucial part in global ecosystem．　（演讲稿） 设立世界海洋日是为了提高人们保护海洋的意识，海洋在全球生态系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。 stressed out 焦虑的 练通 单句语法填空/语块填词 ①“I find moving houses to be one of the most stressful （stress） experiences，” sighed Grace． ②Jake felt completely stressed out （焦虑的） and decided to take a few days off． 写美 完成句子 ③处于压力之下，她一改平日里开朗的性格，变得沉默了。 Her usual cheerful character changed， and she became quiet when under stress． （1）under stress　　　　　　　在压力下 lay/place/put stress on/upon ．．． 　　强调……的重要性 （2）stressful adj．　　压力大的；令人紧张的 stressed adj．　　有压力的 佳句 My friend always puts stress on being punctual， saying that arriving on time shows respect for others．　（人物描写） 我的朋友总是强调准时的重要性，声称准时到达是对他人的尊重。 swallow vi． & vt．吞下，咽下；掩饰；抑制 ①She swallowed her disappointment， not wanting to upset her friends． 她强忍失望，不想让朋友们扫兴。 ②He swallowed his pride and apologized to his friend． 他放下自尊，向朋友道了歉。 ③She swallowed her nervousness before performing on stage． 她在登台表演前强压下内心的紧张。 ④He swallowed his fear and spoke confidently． 他压下恐惧，自信地开口说话。 句型公式：倍数表达法 教材原句　They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1，000 times faster than normal． 他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1，000倍。 写美 微写作/一句多译 ①今年参观我们公园的人数正好是五年前的三倍。 The number of people visiting our park this year is three times what it was just five years ago．（what） ②据我所知，这座城市是那座的三倍大。 →As far as I know， the city is three times as large as that one．（as ．．． as ．．．） →As far as I know， the city is twice/double larger than that one．（比较级） →As far as I know， the city is three times the size of that one．（size） 倍数表达法： （1）倍数＋as＋形容词/副词＋as ．．． （2）倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than ．．． （3）倍数＋the size/length/height/depth/width＋of ．．． （4）倍数＋what从句 佳句 The new library is three times as large as the old one， complete with a café and study rooms． 新图书馆是旧图书馆的三倍大，并配有咖啡厅和学习室。 点津表示“两倍”时用twice或double，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.claim vt．声称； 断言； 主张；夺去（生命）；认领 n．声称； （根据权利而提出的）要求；索赔 ①It is claimed that the red dragon is a positive symbol， indicating strength and a sense of national identity．　vt．声称； 断言； 主张 ②The police say that if no one claims the watch， you can keep it．　vt．认领 ③The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery．　n．索赔 ④It is reported that the hurricane has claimed thousands of lives．　vt．夺去（生命） ⑤The researcher made a claim that the results of the study could revolutionize the way we approach medical treatment．　n．声称 ⑥The city council received a claim for more green spaces in the community．　n．（根据权利而提出的）要求 2.mass adj．大量的 n．一团；大堆；民众；质量 ①When a block of ice becomes water， the mass will stay the same but the volume will change．　n．质量 ②The UK， uniquely， has not had to face the problem of mass unemployment．　adj．大量的 ③Masses of snow and rocks fell down the mountain．　n．一团；大堆 ④We should often seek opinions from the masses．　n．民众 3.When hearing the familiar sound of the horn of ships， I couldn’t help bursting into tears．　n．汽笛声 4.They secretly hatched a plan to surprise their friend on his birthday．　v．策划 5.The waiters gave free drinks to the regulars on Thanksgiving．　n．常客 6.I had to swallow my pride and ask for my job back．　v．掩饰；抑制 7.The printer got jammed while printing my report， causing a delay in submitting it to the teacher．　v．动弹不得；卡住了 8.I can’t work next weekend — will you switch with me？　v．调班 9.I watched for the desert sunsets， and hunted for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago．　v．寻找 单句语法填空 1.The constant noise from the construction site made him feel stressed out， so he decided to take a break from work． 2.As soon as I switched on the computer， I noticed several new emails waiting for me． 3.The price of gas is on the decrease， which is a relief for many families who rely on driving to work． 4.She was to blame for the misunderstanding， as she didn’t explain the situation clearly to her team． 5.I became aware of my own mistakes only after receiving feedback from my teacher． 6.He was anxious to meet （meet） his favorite author， hoping to ask for advice on becoming a writer． 7.His passion for history is closely related to his family background， as many of his relatives were historians． 8.She set out to visit （visit） all the historical sites in the city， planning her route carefully and checking the opening times． 完成句子 1.老师总是提醒我们每个学生在课堂上都有自己的角色。（role） My teacher always reminds us that every student has a role in the class． 2.我们每个人都尽自己的职责来保持家里整洁。我的哥哥洗碗，而我负责洗衣服。（part） We all do our part to keep the house clean．My brother does the dishes， while I take care of the laundry． 3.由于栖息地丧失，一些动物物种面临灭绝的风险。（die out） Some species of animals are at risk of dying out due to habitat loss． 4.洪水摧毁了农作物，让农民失去了主要收入来源。（wipe） The flood wiped out crops， leaving many farmers without their main source of income． 5.我家里有一套书籍收藏，其中一些是旧书和珍本。（collection） I have a collection of books at home， some of which are old and rare． 6.总结我的经历，留学既具有挑战性又充满回报。（sum） To sum up my experience， studying abroad was both challenging and rewarding． 　应用文增分练——倡议书 　　请你根据下面提示写一份倡议书，呼吁人们保护环境。 　　（1）栖息地破坏； 　　（2）过度砍伐； 　　（3）人人有责任参与保护环境。 第一步　根据单元知识写美 句 1.目前，环境问题比以往任何时候都更加严重，使野生生物处于危险之中。（at present；at risk） At present， environmental issues have become more severe than ever， putting wildlife at risk． 2.一些物种因栖息地破坏或污染而灭绝并不罕见。（It is not unusual for sb to do sth；die out） It is not unusual for some species to die out due to habitat destruction or pollution． 3.由于过度砍伐，森林处于危险之中。（in danger） Forests are in danger as a result of excessive logging． 4.每个人都有责任参与环境保护。（have a role） Every individual has a role in environmental protection． 5.政府应采取严格的措施来减少污染物并减少碳排放。（cut down） Governments should take strict measures to cut down on pollutants and reduce carbon emissions． 6.公司需要采用环保的流程，但需要一些时间才能看到实质性的结果。（it takes some time to do sth） Companies need to adopt eco－friendly processes， but it takes some time to see substantial results． 7.至于公众，我们每个人都必须通过回收、使用可再生能源和支持绿色倡议来尽自己的职责。（do one’s part） As for the public， each of us must do our part by recycling， using renewable energy， and supporting green initiatives． 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇 80个词左右的短文。 Hello， everyone， 　　At present， environmental issues have become more severe than ever， putting wildlife at risk．It is not unusual for some species to die out due to habitat destruction or pollution．Forests are in danger as a result of excessive logging．Therefore， every individual has a role in environmental protection．Governments should take strict measures to cut down on pollutants and reduce carbon emissions．Companies need to adopt eco－friendly processes， but it takes some time to see substantial results．As for the public， each of us must do our part by recycling， using renewable energy， and supporting green initiatives． 　　Join in the environmental protection， and we will have a bright future． 　读后续写微技能——爱猫失而复得的喜悦 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 词汇 积累 情感描写： amazing； shock 环境描写： rain cats and dogs； path； breathtaking 动作描写： seek； determine； concentrate； hold your horses； stare； brave the elements； encounter； survive； freeze 佳句 积累 1.When I finally stepped out of the trees， the view was breathtaking．　（动作＋环境描写） 2.While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene， I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched．Slowly， and with the camera still held to my eye， I turned ．．． and froze．　（动作＋环境描写） 3.Time stood still as the bear and I both waited to see who would move first．My legs started shaking．　（动作描写） 4.My most frightening but magical experience was now captured forever in a single image．　（主旨升华） 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 情感描写：喜悦与快乐（二） 经典 词汇 1.thrilled 激动的 2.giggle v． & n．咯咯笑 3.joy n．高兴；喜悦→joyful adj．高兴的 4.merry adj．高兴的→merrily adv．高兴地 5.cheer n．欢呼声；欢乐的气氛→cheerful adj．快乐的；高兴的 6.happy adj．高兴的→happily adv．高兴地→happiness n．快乐，幸福 靓点 语块 1.laugh heartily 哈哈大笑 2.be wild with joy 欣喜若狂 3.beam with smiles 笑逐颜开 4.in high/cheerful spirits 兴高采烈 5.clap one’s hands with delight 高兴地拍手 6.a mixture of excitement and delight 既兴奋又开心 7.be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness 非常高兴 8.a sense/wave of joy and happiness sweeps/floods over sb一种/阵喜悦和幸福感席卷某人 出彩 佳句 1.Hearing the good news， he jumped up and down with joy． 听到这个好消息，他高兴得手舞足蹈。 2.When the mother kissed the baby on the cheek， his bright smile lit up the whole room．　（夸张） 当母亲亲吻婴儿的脸颊时，他灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间。 3.The smile on her face shone like a diamond．　（比喻） 她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 4.A flood of joy/pleasure welled up in him．　（无生命名词作主语） 喜悦涌上他的心头。 5.He was in high spirits， feeling on top of the world．　（动词－ing短语作状语） 他情绪高涨，仿佛站在世界之巅。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：小猫失而复得，“我”怀着喜悦的心情抱它回家…… 　　Suddenly， a white skinny cat came into sight and I froze in shock．But the cheerful thought that it might be my cat urged me to step forward and stare at the cat．It turned out to be my long－lost cat and 1.a sense of joy and happiness swept over me （一种快乐和幸福的感觉席卷了我；无生命名词作主语）．Hearing me calling its name， the cat mewed at me merrily/happily．With my cat in my arms， 2.I hummed and skipped towards my home like a happy bird （我像一只快乐的小鸟一样哼着歌，蹦蹦跳跳地往家走；比喻）．I was in high spirits， 3.feeling on top of the world （仿佛站在世界之巅；动词－ing短语作状语）．When I told it that I had determined to stay at home and keep it company， the cat let out a mew of cheer． 　　（2025•全国二卷，阅读C）When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants， she didn’t have high hopes for it．But the opposite happened：She was flooded， shipping out 1，200 orders in June of 2020 alone．In the past year， Detrinidad sent out more than 70，000 plants．Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry． 　　“Plants are in fashion right now，” says Dr．Melinda Knuth， a researcher from the University of Florida．“People who live in plant－rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating，” she says．“Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think．” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol， the stress hormone （激素） in our body． 　　“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants，” says Knuth．“This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults．Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant－rich workplaces．” 　　If you’re among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants， don’t beat yourself up if one （or a few!） doesn’t make it．“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant．Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning．Be invested in taking care of it， but if it dies， go get another one，” Detrinidad says． 做真题——感悟命题角度 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过Sonja Detrinidad室内盆栽植物网店的成功案例，引出绿植对人们情绪和思维影响的相关研究，最后建议人们以耐心和学习的态度对待植物养护。 28.How was Detrinidad’s business when it started？ A．It faced tough competition．　　 B．It suffered a great loss． C．It got lots of financial support．　　 D．It went surprisingly well． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，Detrinidad起初对生意并不抱有很高的期望，但结果相反，订单量非常大。也就是说，Detrinidad的生意出乎意料地顺利。 29.What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants？ A．They appeal more to students．　　 B．They purify the environment． C．They raise the cortisol level．　　 D．They enhance productivity． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，这种生产力提升同样适用于成年人的工作环境。研究表明，在植物茂盛的办公场所中，员工的病假率下降了30%。由此可知，植物能提升工作效率。 30.What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers？ A．The necessity of social skills．　　 B．The meaning of sustainability． C．The importance of repeated efforts．　　 D．The value of professional opinions． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Doctors practice medicine and ．．．takes to sustain a plant．可知，作者通过提及医生和律师需要练习说明养护植物也需要反复尝试和学习。由此推断，Detrinidad谈及医生和律师是为了解释反复努力的重要性。 31.What can be a suitable title for the text？ A．Time to Replace Houseplants　　 B．Plants Boost Your Mood C．Tips on Choosing Houseplants　　 D．Plants Brighten Your Home 解析：B　标题归纳题。文章从一个网店的室内盆栽植物销售火爆说起，介绍绿植对人们情绪和思维影响的相关研究，倡导栽培室内盆栽植物的健康生活。因此B项（植物改善你的情绪）为文章最佳标题。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.order n．　　　　　　　　订单 2.explosion n．　　爆发，激增 3.satisfaction n．　　满意 4.tough adj．　　激烈的，艰难的 5.enhance v．　　提高 6.boost v．　　提高，增强 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.houseplant n．［合成词］ 室内盆栽植物（house＋plant） 2.plant－rich adj．［合成词］ 绿植充盈的（plant＋rich） 3.academically adv．［派生词］ 学业上（academical＋－ly） 4.purify v．［派生词］ 净化（pure＋－ify） 5.sustainability n．［派生词］ 可持续性（sustainabile＋－ity） （三）由文本积主题语块 1.send out　　　　　　　　发出 2.in fashion　　流行 3.translate into　　适用于，体现为，转化为 4.beat oneself up　　过分自责 5.sick leave　　病假 6.tend to　　照料，照看 7.be invested in　　投入到…… 8.ship out　　发货 （四）由文本知变式运用 1.近义替换（用文中的词汇替换） ①expect too much→have high hopes for （第一段） ②expanded→increased （第一段） 2.熟词生义（文中生义） ①flood ［熟义］ n．洪水 →［生义］ v．大量涌来 （第一段第二句） ②ship ［熟义］ n．船→ ［生义］ v．运输 （第一段第二句） （五）由文本探析长难句 Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants． 分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句为主谓状结构；两个关系代词who均引导定语从句，分别修饰students； than 引导比较结构。 译文：与没有植物的教室里的学生相比，身边有植物的学生在学业上表现得更好。 跟踪检测（一） 　　　　 Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•安徽省师大附中质检） Talkspace： Why We Choose It 　　Talkspace， an online anger management platform， is a popular choice for people who look for help with anger management problems．It’s affordable and accessible for those who may not have much time for themselves． Strengths Weaknesses •Free to choose your own therapist （治疗师） and get responses from him/her five days a week •Option to upgrade for video meetings and weekly workshops •Additional resources on website •Limited number of anger management specialists •Scheduling taking a long time •Not available in every state 　　Our Testing 　　Eleven testers from California， Florida， Iowa， Indiana， Kansas， Minnesota， Missouri， New York， North Carolina， and South Dakota tried out Talkspace， completing at least two live meetings with their therapists as well as messaging with them in between．They all thought highly of the therapy they received．“My therapist was an excellent listener and could tell when I was in a place to hear a suggestion or insight and when I clearly just needed to keep talking through it，” said Jack， a Talkspace tester， who’d recently lost a loved one． 　　Pricing 　　Text－only therapy is $69 per week； A live therapy plan is $99 per week and includes messaging and four live sessions a month； Live video therapy， messaging， with a group workshop plan is $109 per week； Medicine management costs $249 for an initial evaluation with follow－up sessions starting at $125 per week． 　　What Users Said 　　We surveyed 100 users of Talkspace： 　　•92% rated Talkspace as very good or excellent overall； 　　•89% rated their therapists’ qualifications as very good or excellent； 　　•95% said that most or all of their needs were met at Talkspace； 　　•97% said they were very likely to suggest that a friend or someone like them turn to Talkspace． 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在线愤怒管理平台Talkspace，包括选择它的原因、其优缺点、测试情况、定价以及用户反馈等内容。 1.What is an advantage of Talkspace？　（　　） A．It allows users video meetings． B．It has enough specialists． C．It is available in all states． D．It promises responses daily． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据图表Strengths部分中的Option to upgrade for video meetings and weekly workshops可知，Talkspace的一个优势是允许用户进行视频会议。 2.Which service costs most monthly？　（　　） A．Text－only therapy． B．Live video therapy． C．Medicine management． D．A live therapy plan． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据Pricing部分介绍可知，药物管理服务的费用是每月最高的。 3.What is the percentage of the surveyed users willing to recommend Talkspace？　（　　） A.89%．　　B.92%． C.95%．　　D.97%． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据What Users Said部分中的97% said they were very likely ．．．turn to Talkspace可知，愿意向朋友或他人推荐Talkspace的受访用户比例为97%。 ①accessible （派）=access＋－ible adj．可接近的；易得的 ②affordable （派）=afford＋－able adj．负担得起的 ③qualification （派）=qualify＋－ication n．资格 ④upgrade （合）=up＋grade v．升级 ⑤price （转） n．→v．定价 ⑥schedule （转） n．→v．安排 B 　　（2026•甘肃白银模拟）The Great Sitkin Volcano， located on a remote island 23 miles northeast of Adak， has been erupting since July 2021.Scientists have recently discovered the reason behind the yearslong eruption， which helps them assess the volcano’s potential risks more accurately． 　　“The Great Sitkin Volcano showed signs of unrest for four years before it finally erupted an ash cloud followed by thick lava （熔岩） in 2021，” according to Matthew Haney， a chief scientist at the Alaska Volcano Observatory， who noted its unusual pattern of frequent earthquakes leading up to the eruption．Haney and his team created a 3D model of the volcano， revealing its magma plumbing system （岩浆甬道系统）．The model identified two magma reservoirs beneath the volcano as the source of the eruption and it also displayed the pathway to the magma eruptions． 　　The study was a collaborative effort involving scientists from Purdue University， the Carnegie Institution for Science， and the Alaska Volcano Observatory．They combined earthquake data with surrounding sounds from the island， such as ocean waves and storms．“This innovative method is similar to performing an internal scan of the Earth，” Haney said． 　　The Great Sitkin Volcano is currently leaking lava and forming a lava dome， which is common for Alaskan volcanoes．Scientists are not sure how long it’ll continue to erupt， but the Alaska Volcano Observatory is closely monitoring the eruption using various approaches， including local seismic （地震的） sensors， satellite data， and other technologies． 　　The study of the Great Sitkin Volcano helps scientists predict the risks the eruption could pose to the nearby areas and air travel， as the volcanic ash emissions can significantly impact flights over the island．As scientists continue to explore the causes of its eruptions， their findings are not only important for us to have sort of a concept of what makes this volcano tick， but also upgrade our capacity to deal with natural disasters． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过研究发现大锡特金火山持续喷发的原因，并有助于科学家预测火山爆发可能对附近地区和航空旅行造成的风险。 4.What could be the significance of the recent discovery？　（　　） A．It aids in assessing the risks of volcano eruptions． B．It reduces the intensity of volcano eruptions． C．It explains the volcano’s past inactivity． D．It improves monitoring of volcanic material． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Scientists have recently discovered ．．．risks more accurately．可知，最近的发现的意义在于其有助于评估火山爆发的风险。 5.How did scientists create a model of the volcano？　（　　） A．By using satellite imagery to monitor eruptions． B．By conducting deep－sea scans around the island． C．By measuring the heat levels in magma reservoirs． D．By combining seismic data with surrounding sounds． 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They combined earthquake data ．．．ocean waves and storms．可知，科学家们是通过将地震数据与周围的声音结合起来创建火山模型的。 6.Which method is mentioned to monitor the Great Sitkin Volcano’s eruption？　（　　） A．Observing lava flows with drones． B．Collecting data from seismic sensors． C．Measuring volcanic ash emissions manually． D．Analyzing magma reservoirs with orbiting satellites． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Scientists are not ．．． and other technologies．可知，监测大锡特金火山喷发的方法之一是从地震传感器收集数据。 7.What does the underlined part in the last paragraph probably mean？　（　　） A．The timing of the volcano’s activities． B．The unique sound the volcano produces． C．The reason behind the volcano’s eruption． D．The risks posed by the volcano to nearby areas． 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段首句可知，画线部分所在句意为：随着科学家们继续探索火山爆发的原因，他们的发现不仅有助于我们了解火山爆发的原因，还能提高我们应对自然灾害的能力。由此可知，画线部分what makes this volcano tick意为“火山爆发的原因”。 ①reveal v．揭示 ②identify （派）=ident＋－ify v．识别，确认 ③monitor ［熟义］ n．显示器；班长→［生义］ v．监测 （文义） ④internal （派）=intern＋－al adj．内部的 ⑤accurately （派）= accurate＋－ly adv．准确地 ⑥unrest （派）= un－＋rest n．动荡 C 　　（2026•山东青岛二模）Chocolate is a popular snack， but the price of it continues to rise．Cocoa from the cacao tree is the basic ingredient of chocolate； the trees thrive in warm and damp climates but are struggling due to increasing aridity — a slow but non－stop drying of the land．This issue extends to producers around the globe， threatening cocoa production and livelihoods of farmers． 　　Over the past 30 years， more than three－quarters of the Earth’s landmass has become drier．This dryness is a long－term transformation with disastrous consequences for ecosystems， agriculture， and livelihoods． 　　Aridity arises from human－driven factors， including greenhouse gas emissions， unsustainable land use， and natural resource degradation．Climate change， primarily caused by fossil fuel consumption and deforestation， increases global temperatures， accelerating evaporation （蒸发） and heightening water shortage — even in regions with moderate rainfall． 　　Unsustainable land use further intensifies aridity．Practices like deforestation and industrial farming degrade soils， removing them from protective vegetation and essential nutrients．In cocoa－producing regions， deforestation upsets local water cycles and wears away the topsoil．Degraded soils hold less water， deepening drought conditions． 　　Cocoa is just one crop at risk．Major agricultural zones are also affected．By 2100， up to 5 billion people may live in dry lands， stretching food systems to their limit and forcing migration．Aridity also threatens ecosystems．Wildlife struggles to adapt， and plant species suited to warm and damp conditions fail to survive．Economic losses are overwhelming — Africa saw a 12% GDP decline from 1990 to 2015 due to rising aridity．Governments face additional burdens from sandstorms， wildfires， and water shortages． 　　While aridity’s effects are severe， they are not entirely changeless．Restoring degraded lands， improving soil health， and adopting sustainable farming practices can help．Efficient water management， investment in renewable energy， and international cooperation are essential in battling aridity． 　　As chocolate prices hit record highs in early 2025 due to dry conditions in Africa， addressing aridity is a matter of urgency．Beyond saving chocolate， it’s about preserving the planet’s ability to sustain life． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了全球干旱化加剧对可可种植、农业生产及生态系统的威胁，并导致巧克力价格上涨。 8.What’s the main reason for the rising price of chocolate？　（　　） A．The decline of cocoa production． B．The high cost of basic ingredients． C．The increasing demand for chocolate． D．The shortage of cocoa tree plantations． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的the trees thrive in warm and damp climates but are struggling due to increasing aridity ．．．threatening cocoa production and livelihoods of farmers可知，土地逐渐干旱影响了可可树的生长，从而导致可可产量下降，最终推动巧克力价格上涨。 9.What do we know about aridity？　（　　） A．It is mainly caused by natural factors． B．It only affects cocoa－producing regions． C．It has a wide－ranging impact on various aspects． D．It will disappear if sustainable land use is adopted． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，干旱带来的后果不仅影响某一作物或地区，还波及生态系统、农业和生计等多个方面。 10.Why is Africa’s GDP decline mentioned in paragraph 5？　（　　） A．To show aridity only causes economic losses in Africa． B．To prove Africa is the most severely affected by aridity． C．To criticize Africa lacks effective measures against aridity． D．To illustrate aridity has a significant influence on economy． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第五段中的Economic losses are overwhelming ．．.2015 due to rising aridity．可知，非洲因干旱加剧而导致GDP下降，作者引用这一例子是为了说明干旱对经济的显著冲击。 11.Which of the following can fight against aridity？　（　　） A．Cutting off water supplies． B．Replacing renewable energy． C．Promoting soil conservation． D．Practicing industrial farming． 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第六段中的Restoring degraded lands ．．． essential in battling aridity．可知，促进土壤保护是改善土壤健康、应对干旱的重要措施。 ①consequence n．后果；影响 ②livelihood n．生计 ③extend ［熟义］ v．伸展→［生义］ v．波及；影响 （文义） ④unsustainable （派）=un－＋sustain＋－able adj．不可持续的 ⑤deforestation （派）=de－＋forest＋－ation n．砍伐森林 ⑥topsoil （合）=top＋soil n．表层土 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　（2026•江西吉安一模）When we look at a forest， it’s easy to see a collection of trees standing tall and separate， each seemingly independent．12.　　 Under the forest floor lies a hidden network — a web of roots and fungi （真菌） that allow trees to “talk” to each other．This system， often referred to as the “wood wide web”， enables trees to support one another in ways that were once unimaginable． 　　The primary way trees “talk” to each other is through their roots and an underground network called mycorrhizal （菌根） fungi．Attaching to tree roots， these fungi create a vast web that connects multiple trees within a forest．In exchange for sugars produced through photosynthesis （光合作用）， the fungi provide trees with essential nutrients．13.　　 　　Through this underground system， trees share information and send signals．When a tree is attacked by harmful insects， it can release chemical messages through the network．14.　　 Then neighboring trees may strengthen their defenses by producing chemicals in their leaves to protect themselves． 　　15.　　 Rather than managing individual trees， conservation efforts must focus on preserving the forest’s wholeness．Beyond that， reforestation efforts can benefit from understanding tree communication．By planting diverse species and fostering the growth of mycorrhizal fungi， restoration projects can create ecosystems that are more self－sustaining． 　　Understanding this hidden language shows us clearly that all living things on Earth are linked together．16.　　 By protecting these ecosystems， we protect not only trees but the complicated networks that support all life within them． A．Not all trees communicate in the same way． B．These chemical signals can act as warnings． C．But the messages trees send are not easy to find． D．It also reminds us how critical forests are to keep life going． E．However， research reveals that trees are far from being alone． F．The idea of tree communication reshapes how we protect forests． G．This cooperation is the core of the forest’s communication system． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了树木之间通过地下菌根真菌网络进行交流与合作，揭示了森林生态系统中树木之间复杂而微妙的联系，并强调了保护森林对于维持地球生命网络的重要性。 12.E　上文描述树木看似独立，下文说明树木之间并不是独立的，它们之间有联系，E项承上启下，E项中的However与上文形成转折关系，且E项中的trees are far from being alone与下文中的a hidden network相呼应，说明树木之间有联系，并不是独立的，符合语境。故选E。 13.G　上文说明真菌和树木之间是互利的关系，G项说明这种互利关系的重要性，G项符合语境。故选G。 14.B　上文说明树木会释放化学信息，B项说明这种化学信息的作用，承接上文，B项中的These chemical signals指代上文中的chemical messages，符合语境。故选B。 15.F　下文说明保护森林的两个方法，F项引出下文关于保护森林方式的内容，概括本段内容，符合语境。故选F。 16.D　上文说明理解树木之间的交流让我们看到了地球上所有生物之间的联系，D项说明这种联系的重要性，D项中的It also reminds us与上文中的shows us clearly相呼应，符合语境。故选D。 ①attach v．附着 ②release v．释放 ③in exchange for 以……交换 ④collection （派）= collect ＋－ion n．集合 ⑤ecosystem （派）= eco－＋system n．生态系统 跟踪检测（二） 　　　　 Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•江苏南京三模）In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe， longhorn beetles are moving uphill， and a rare brown butterfly with orange－tipped wings is facing extinction due to isolation （隔离） at high peaks．This is a picture of a global trend．With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing， insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south， but up． 　　Research shows many animals are making similar moves， but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change．Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year， with some species making significantly greater journeys．All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes． 　　In ecology， finding the “smoking gun” to neatly explain any phenomenon is generally difficult．Prof．Christy McCain， who runs Colorado University’s Mountain Lab， said： “One thing that people don’t think about as much is context： how climate affects insects at different life stages， such as eggs and larvae （幼虫）．Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change， especially in cold and dry mountain environments．” 　　McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding， with too many museum specimens （标本） from low altitudes， and far fewer from higher up．And many groups other than butterflies and moths （蛾） have been neglected． 　　To support her view， she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab．The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts， which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions．Their long history since the Cretaceous （白垩纪） also aids their adaptation today． 　　There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change．For some groups， it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are， the better their chances．There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着气温上升和生物多样性压力增大，昆虫向高海拔迁移这一全球趋势，分析了研究中存在的问题，并提及不同昆虫对气候变化的适应情况。 1.Why are Bumblebees in the Pyrenees mentioned in paragraph 2？　（　　） A．Because they are more mobile than other insects． B．Because they have adapted well to higher altitudes． C．Because they are a useful indicator of climate change． D．Because they face extinction due to upward movement． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，提到比利牛斯山脉的大黄蜂的向上迁移是因为它们能反映气候变化的情况，是气候变化的一个有用指标。 2.Which statement may McCain agree with according to paragraphs 3 and 4？　（　　） A．Study context is beyond grasp． B．Research data are hard to obtain． C．Insect samples are unrepresentative． D．Collection method is unconventional． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的One thing ．．． cold and dry mountain environments．和第四段内容可知，麦凯恩认为在夏天测量成虫可能无法揭示气候变化最关键的影响，且来自低海拔地区的标本太多，所以昆虫样本不能很好地代表整体情况，缺乏全面性和代表性。 3.Why does McCain cite research on carrion beetles？　（　　） A．To argue for their sensitivity to environmental changes． B．To call for the protection of insects from higher altitudes． C．To redirect focus from insects moving uphill to those downhill． D．To offer new insights into insects’ adaptation to climate change． 解析：D　推理判断题。第四段中麦凯恩提出“在昆虫适应气候变化的相关研究中，除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了”这一观点，而第五段中麦凯恩引用了对埋葬虫的研究来证明自己的观点，即提供关于昆虫适应气候变化的新领悟。 4.What does “a saving grace” in the last paragraph mean？　（　　） A．A method used to collect data． B．A problem that needs to be solved． C．A feature that helps improve a situation． D．A type of insect that adapts well to change． 解析：C　词义猜测题。上文说明昆虫适应环境变化的情况各不相同，接着提到也没有通用的高地栖息地。鉴于昆虫适应环境存在困难的情况下，“this too could prove a saving grace”说明这种没有通用高地栖息地的情况反而可能成为帮助改善昆虫适应环境现状的一个因素。所以“a saving grace”指的是有助于改善现状的一个特征，与C项意思相近。 ①altitude n．海拔 ②phenomenon n．现象 ③respond to 回应，对……作出反应 ④biodiversity （派）=bio－＋diversity n．生物多样性 ⑤extinction （派）=extinct＋－ion n．灭绝 ⑥on average 平均而言 B 　　（2026•河南郑州模拟）Sweden is so good at recycling that， for several years， it has imported rubbish from other countries so that its recycling plants can function smoothly．Less than 1 percent of Swedish household waste was sent to landfills last year or any year since 2011. 　　We can only dream of such an effective system in the UK， which is why we end up paying expensive transport costs to send rubbish to be recycled overseas rather than paying fines to send it to landfills under the Landfill Tax of 1996. 　　Why are we sending waste to Sweden？ Their system is so far ahead because of a culture of looking after the environment．Sweden was one of the first countries to place a heavy tax on fossil fuels in 1991 and now sources almost half its electricity from renewables． 　　“In Sweden people are quite crazy about being out in nature and they have a clear idea of what needs to be done about nature and environmental problems．We worked on communications for a long time to make people not throw things outdoors so that we can recycle and reuse，” says Anria－Carin Gripwall， director of communications for Avfall Sverige， the Swedish Waste Management’s recycling association． 　　Over time， Sweden has carried out a national recycling policy so that even though private companies undertake most of the business of importing and burning waste， the energy goes into a national heating network to heat homes through the freezing Swedish winter．“That’s a key reason that we have this district network， so we can use the heating from the waste plants．In the southern part of Europe they don’t use the heating from the waste； it just goes out of the chimney．Here we use it as a substitute for fossil fuel，” Ms Gripwall says． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述瑞典回收体系高效，家庭垃圾填埋率极低，而且进口他国垃圾，这源于其环保文化、早征化石燃料税及全国性回收政策，且垃圾能源用于供暖。 5.Why has Sweden been importing rubbish from abroad in the past few years？　（　　） A．To try out its recycling system． B．To keep its recycling plants running． C．To stop rubbish ending up in landfills． D．To make greater profits from rubbish． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知，瑞典之所以从其他国家进口垃圾，是为了让本国的垃圾回收工厂保持运转。 6.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sources” in paragraph 3？　（　　） A．Consumes． B．Saves． C．Obtains． D．Improves． 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Sweden was one of the first countries to place a heavy tax on fossil fuels in 1991以及almost half its electricity from renewables可知，瑞典通过对化石燃料征税，引导能源结构转型。由此推测，source在此处意为“获得”，与obtain同义。 7.How does Sweden handle the heating from the waste plants？　（　　） A．By making use of it to heat homes． B．By exchanging it for fossil fuel． C．By selling it to other countries． D．By sending it out from the chimney． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的the energy goes into a national heating network to heat homes through the freezing Swedish winter可知，瑞典通过焚烧废弃物产生能量，并用于全国性的供暖系统，为居民在寒冬中供暖。 8.What conclusion can be drawn from the text？　（　　） A．People in Sweden will be fined if they don’t have their waste recycled． B．Swedish rarely get close to nature to avoid harming it． C．Waste is imported and burnt mainly by the government in Sweden． D．Swedish have a strong environmental awareness． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四段首句可知，瑞典人非常重视自然环境，并对环境问题有清晰的应对意识，表明他们具有很强的环保意识。 ①transport n．运输 ②substitute n．替代物 ③end up doing 最终做了某事 ④dream ［熟义］ n．梦→［生义］ v．想象，幻想 （文义） ⑤recycling （派） = recycle ＋ －ing n．回收 ⑥landfill （合） = land ＋ fill n．垃圾填埋场 Ⅱ．完形填空 　　（2026•潍坊二模）I was a Northern newcomer to a Southern adult community．I knew no one and was feeling very out of place and lonely．I 　9　 wanted to make new friends． 　　One morning， cyclists 　10　 by — dark shorts， bright shirts， laughter floating like bells．Hesitant but 　11　， I let my finger follow the headline on newspaper：“New Riders Welcome．”It is not like me to join something where I know no one， but I 　12　 myself to attend an organizational meeting． 　　At the first meetup， I 　13　 my shyness and started a conversation with two cyclists．Days later， twelve newcomers began our first eight－mile ride．We 　14　 through quiet neighborhood paths like a wobbling centipede （摇晃的蜈蚣）．Soon， we were pedaling three times a week， 　15　 increasing our distance and speed．Stopping to 　16　 became our routine and we soon adopted our slogan，“We bike for food．” As we sat chatting over cups 　17　 coffee， strong friendship began to form．As time wore on， many other shared interests emerged and we began 　18　 them together． 　　Now， 　19　 with several members of the cycling club， I decided to attend a handful of their social events．There， I met more folks．Out of these gatherings grew a small dinner group and again my circle 　20　．More opportunities for gathering 　21　 when our club members planned a few overnight cyclings． 　　Adventuring beyond comfort taught me more than cycling — it was courage as the oil that keeps life’s wheels rolling toward 　22　 and joy．Belonging begins where 　23　 ends． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为北方新人在南方社区感到孤独，后加入骑行俱乐部，在骑行中结交朋友，拓展社交圈，收获归属感的故事。 9.A．casually B．desperately C．regularly D．slightly 解析：B　根据上文I knew no one and was feeling very out of place and lonely．可知，作者不认识任何人，感到孤独，所以极度渴望交新朋友。 10.A．walked B．inched C．slid D．streamed 解析：D　根据下文dark shorts， bright shirts， laughter floating like bells可知，此处在描述一群骑自行车的人经过的场景，用streamed表示他们接连不断地经过。 11.A．amused B．fascinated C．committed D．concerned 解析：B　根据下文I let my finger follow the headline on newspaper：“New Riders Welcome”可知，作者被标题吸引，手指顺着标题移动。 12.A．trained B．reminded C．pushed D．warned 解析：C　根据上文It is not like me to join something where I know no one和转折词but可知，虽然作者不习惯参加不认识人的活动，但还是逼自己参加了聚会。 13.A．shook off B．held onto C．suffered from D．carried on 解析：A　根据下文my shyness and started a conversation with two cyclists可知，作者与两个骑手开始交谈，说明作者摆脱了羞涩。 14.A．climbed B．dragged C．squeezed D．snaked 解析：D　根据下文like a wobbling centipede可知，此处描述的是队伍像蜈蚣一样蜿蜒前行。 15.A．merely B．cautiously C．gradually D．leisurely 解析：C　根据下文increasing our distance and speed以及常识可知，骑行的距离和速度是逐渐增加的。 16.A．snack B．repair C．charge D．camp 解析：A　根据下文became our routine and we soon adopted our slogan，“We bike for food．”可知，口号表明他们骑车是为了吃，所以此处表示停下来吃点心成了惯例。 17.A．burning B．smoking C．flowing D．steaming 解析：D　根据下文coffee以及常识可知，此处描述的是热气腾腾的咖啡，用steaming表示咖啡冒热气。 18.A．ignoring B．exploring C．spreading D．protecting 解析：B　根据上文many other shared interests emerged可知，发现了共同兴趣后，大家开始一起探索。 19.A．honest B．comfortable C．anxious D．patient 解析：B　根据下文I decided to attend a handful of their social events可知，作者决定参加社交活动，说明作者和骑行俱乐部的成员相处得很舒服。 20.A．expanded B．collapsed C．remained D．rolled 解析：A　根据上文Out of these gatherings grew a small dinner group可知，形成了晚餐小组，说明作者的社交圈扩大了。 21.A．slipped B．delayed C．changed D．surfaced 解析：D　根据下文when our club members planned a few overnight cyclings可知，俱乐部成员计划了几次过夜骑行，这也就意味着作者可以和成员相处，即新的聚会机会出现。 22.A．freedom B．connection C．integrity D．kindness 解析：B　根据上文I decided to attend a handful of their social events以及More opportunities for gathering 　21　 when our club members planned a few overnight cyclings．可知，作者通过骑行结交朋友，拓展社交圈，所以此处指的是人际连接和欢乐。 23.A．tiredness B．embarrassment C．loneliness D．disappointment 解析：C　根据上文I knew no one and was feeling very out of place and lonely．以及文章内容可知，作者初到新环境时感到孤独，加入俱乐部后结交了新朋友，拓展了社交圈，所以此处表示归属感始于孤独结束的地方。 ①out of place 不合适的，格格不入的 ②organizational （派）=organize＋－ation＋－al adj．与组织相关的，组织性的 ③a handful of 少量的，一把的量 ④overnight （合）=over＋night adv．在一夜之间 ⑤meetup （合）=meet＋up n．聚会 ⑥wear on 逐渐消耗 Ⅲ．语法填空 　　（2026•甘肃白银模拟）On May 18－19， over 130 students and teachers from 19 universities in East China’s Jiangsu Province began a two－day trip to Zhenjiang， a city in Jiangsu．These students came from 31 different 24.　　　　　　 （country）， including the UK， Russia， Spain， France， Vietnam， Australia， and China． 　　During the two－day event， they exposed themselves 25.　　　　　　 China’s agricultural history and learned about its modern farming techniques．At a “smart” mushroom planting base， international students witnessed how 5G technology is able to control mushroom－growing conditions 26.　　　　　　 （automatic）． 　　In addition to learning about modern agricultural technology， international students also explored 27.　　　　　　 unique aspect of Chinese agricultural civilization： tea culture．During the trip， they had the opportunity 28.　　　　　　 （engage） in tea leaves picking and observe the entire tea production process． 　　These young individuals also organized an evening event 29.　　　　　　 they recited Chinese poems about agriculture．The event took place at a local farm， on which many farmers brought their families to join the audience after 30.　　　　　　 （finish） their day’s work in the fields． 　　This is probably 31.　　　　　　 Sanchez from Spain believes that these exchange activities are so important．“They helped us understand China， its culture， its way of thinking， and how the locals express 32.　　　　　　 （they）．More importantly， they 33.　　　　　　 （teach） us how to learn from and respect other cultures，” he said． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了来自不同背景的国际学生探索江苏省镇江市的乡村，了解中国丰富的农业遗产和充满活力的茶文化。 24.countries　考查名词复数。由31 different可知，空处应用名词复数，作宾语；country表示“国家”，为可数名词。故填countries。 25.to　考查介词。动词短语expose ．．． to ．．． 表示“使……暴露于……、使……接触……”，后可接名词短语China’s agricultural history作宾语，符合句意。故填to。 26.automatically　考查副词。空处应用副词，修饰动词control，作状语；automatically为副词，表示“自动地”，符合句意。故填automatically。 27.a　考查冠词。空处应用冠词，修饰名词短语unique aspect，表示“一个独特方面”，应用不定冠词，表示泛指；unique的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 28.to engage　考查动词不定式。engage为动词，表示“从事、参加”，根据谓语动词had可知，应用其非谓语动词形式，作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity；固定短语the opportunity to do sth表示“做某事的机会”，符合语境。故填to engage。 29.where　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰名词短语evening event，在句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 30.finishing　考查非谓语动词。finish为动词，表示“完成、结束”，在介词after后，应用动词－ing形式，作宾语。故填finishing。 31.why　考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，在句中作状语，表示“为什么”，应用连接副词why。故填why。 32.themselves　考查反身代词。空处在句中作宾语，与主语the locals所指一致，故应用反身代词，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。 33.taught　考查时态。teach为动词，表示“教授”，在句中作谓语；根据上句中的谓语动词helped可知，该句为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故填taught。 译文：该活动在当地的一个农场举行，许多农民在田间结束一天的工作后，带着他们的家人加入了观众队伍。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $