Unit 4 Never too old to learn Grammar and usage课件-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第四册

该高中英语课件聚焦复杂句分析，涵盖简单句、并列句、复合句及并列复合句四大类型。课堂导入以“职业教育是什么”“前景如何”等问题引发思考，结合译文及重点短语搭建学习支架，从基础句型到复杂结构逐步深入，通过定义、例句及成分标注帮助学生构建语法知识脉络。 其亮点在于以职业教育真实语料为载体，融合语言能力（语境中语法应用）、思维品质（句子结构逻辑分析）与学习能力（匹配练习及词汇拓展）。例如通过复合句成分标注和高考连词考点总结，提升学生长难句解析能力，教师可直接利用系统资源实施教学，有效提高课堂效率。

UNIT 4 译林版选择性必修四 Grammar and usage Analysis of complicated sentences 复杂句分析 Lead-in What is vocational education? It is a type of practical education. It teaches both professional theory and hands-on workplace skills to train people for specific occupations, helping them become qualified technical workers and stand out in the job market. What is the prospect of vocational education? 译文： (1) 职业教育并非新兴概念。 (2) 它通常通过课堂讲授理论、在岗提供实操培训，帮助人们做好从事特定职业的准备。 (3) 职业教育与普通学历教育同等重要，因为它能让求职者具备在特定行业从业的资质。 (4) 在当今飞速发展的社会，职业教育的价值愈发凸显，能让求职者在就业市场中占据优势。 (5) 一旦顺利入职，持有职业资格证书的人往往在企业内部拥有更好的晋升前景。 (6) 举例来说，机动车维修就是一个能实现这类职业发展的行业。 (7) 大多数汽修企业都设有针对专属岗位的内部培训项目，员工可以从培训岗开启职业生涯。 (8) 接受过院校专业培训的人学习适应能力更强，也更有机会一步步晋升至高级管理岗位。 (9) 毋庸置疑，各类教育机构与企业都会持续推广职业教育与职业培训。 (10) 一名职校学生表示，如今学校鼓励他们“做中学”“在试错中学习”，学生更侧重实操完成任务，而非死记硬背课堂上老师讲授的内容。 prepare sb. to do sth. 使某人做好做某事的准备 specific occupation 特定职业 hands-on training 实操培训 in the workplace 在工作场所 no less important than … 和…… 同等重要 academic education 学历教育，普通文化课教育 qualify sb. to do sth. 使某人有资格做某事 a particular field 特定领域 rapidly developing society 飞速发展的社会 more and more valuable 越来越有价值 give sb. an advantage 给某人带来优势 job market 就业市场 secure a job 获得一份工作 vocational qualifications 职业资格证书 prospects of promotion 晋升前景 重点短语 within the company 在公司内部 motor repair 汽车维修 allow for 促成，允许有 career development 职业发展 training programmes 培训项目 start off 起步，开端 training positions 培训岗位 be more likely to do sth. 更有可能做某事 work one’s way up 一步步晋升，靠努力往上爬 senior management positions 高级管理岗位 It is certain that … …… 是确定无疑的 educational institutions 教育机构 advocate vocational education 倡导职业教育 learn by doing 做中学 trial and error 反复试错 focus more on 更注重…… 重点短语 Find the simplest sentence in the text and mark the sentence components. Task (1) Vocational education is not a new idea. 主语 系动词 表语 否定副词,状语 Review a sentence?句子？ 必须具备一套完整「主语 + 谓语」，语义完整，可单独成意。 句子类型： 1.简单句 Simple sentence 2.并列句 Compound sentence 3.复合句 Complex sentence 4.并列复合句 Compound-complex sentence 句子类型 1.简单句 Simple sentence：只含一套主谓，无从句、无并列分句 例句：I learn skills. 简单句基本句型： 1.主谓（S+V）：主语 + 不及物动词 2.主谓宾（S+V+O）：主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 3.主系表（S+V+P）：主语 + 系动词 + 表语 4.主谓双宾（S+V+IO+DO）：主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 5.主谓宾补（S+V+O+C）：主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 句子类型 2.并列句 Compound sentence：两套及以上独立主谓，用并列连词 and/but/or 连接，无从句 例句：I learn skills and I find a good job. 基本结构：简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句。 并列关系 and, not only...but also..., neither...nor..., as well as 转折关系 but, yet(可是), while(然而) 因果关系 for, so, thus, therefore 选择关系 or, either...or... 区别由并列连词连接的并列句和简单句: She is very strict but kind. 简单句 She is very strict, but she is kind.并列句 注意：并列连词不仅可以连接句子，还可以连接n,v, conj, adv,等其他成分。所以并不是有并列连词的就是并列句。 句子类型 3.复合句 Complex sentence：一套主句主谓 + 一个 / 多个从句（由 because/that/when 等从属连词引导） 例句：I learn skills because I love vocational education. 结构： 简单句 + 从属连词 + 简单句 要准确理解复合句，需要分析句子结构，找到主句和从句，并识别从句的种类： 定语从句：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句 状语从句：时间、地点、原因、目的、条件、方式、让步、比较 名词性从句：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句 句子类型 4.并列复合句 Compound-complex sentence：多个独立并列分句 + 至少一个从句，同时存在并列、从属结构 例句：I learn skills and I stand out in interviews because vocational training helps me a lot. 并列句 compound sentence 复合句 complex sentence 并列复合句 compound-complex sentence 复杂句分析之高考应用： 考点一：根据连词个数——考虑谓语动词个数 考点二：根据句子个数(谓语动词个数)——确定连词 考点三：阅读理解长难句分析——找重点内容(主句) The selection is rigorous(严格的) and only one applicant in ten (accept). is accepted The selection is rigorous(严格的) only one applicant in ten is accepted. and 连词：谓语动词= n : n+1 If empirical experience fails to reveal reality, reasoning won’t reveal reality either since it relies on concepts and words that are contingent on our social, cultural and psychological histories. Match each sentence with the correct type in the table below. Write down the numbers. The first one has been done for you. Simple sentence 1 Compound sentence Complex sentence Compound-complex sentence Exploring the rules (2) It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands-on training in the workplace. (3) Vocational education is no less important than academic education （because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field. ） 并列两个动名词短语作方式状语 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 状语 主语 系 表语 比较状语 原因状语从句 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 Simple sentence Complex sentence （1）occupy vt.　　占用；占领；使忙于 occupy oneself （in） doing sth/with sth　忙着做某事/忙于某事 （2）occupied adj.　　已被占用的；无空闲的；在使用中的 be occupied （in） doing sth/with sth　　忙着做某事/忙于某事 (4) In today’s rapidly developing society, vocational education is becoming more and more valuable and it gives applicants an advantage in the job market. (5) Once a job has been secured, those with vocational qualifications often have better prospects of promotion within the company. 地点状语 主语 系 表语 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾 地点状语 Compound sentence 主语 谓语 宾语 主语 谓语 地点状语 后置定语 状从 状语 主句 Complex sentence (6) For example, motor repair is one field that allows for such career development. (7) Most motor repair companies have their own training programmes for specific jobs and workers can start off in training positions. Complex sentence Compound sentence 插入语 主语 谓语 宾语 地点状语 主语 系 表语 后置定语 主语 谓语 主句 定从 谓语 定语 宾语 主语 (8) People who have been trained in schools often learn and adapt faster and are more likely to work their way up to senior management positions. (9) It is certain that educational institutions and companies will continue to advocate vocational education and training. Complex sentence Complex sentence 主句主语 从句谓语 从句主语 表 地点状语 主句谓语1 主句谓语2 不定式做状语 形主 系 谓语 主语 地点状语 主句 定从 主句 主从 宾语 状 (10) According to one vocational school student, they are now encouraged to “learn by doing” and “learn through trial and error”, and they focus more on how to complete an assignment rather than just （memorizing what teachers say in class）宾语从句. Compound-complex sentence 谓 状语 谓语 主语 宾语1 主语补足语 谓语 主语 状 宾语 状语 并列连词 （宾语2） 主语 Simple sentence 1 Compound sentence Complex sentence Compound-complex sentence Exploring the rules 2 3，5，6，8，9 4，7 10 A sentence in which both coordination and subordination occur is called a sentence. Identifying linking words and determining the functions of clauses are helpful in analysing complicated sentences. compound-complex Applying the rules B1 Rewrite the following sentences using proper linking words. 1. I was asked to write a 2,000-word essay. I decided to finish in two days. I would have time to read it before I handed it in. When I was asked to write a 2,000-word essay, I decided to finish in two days so that I would have time to read it before I handed it in. 2. Patrick was a college student. He worked part-time in a company. He wanted to pay for his college education. When Patrick was a college student, he worked part-time in a company because he wanted to pay for his college education. 3. The vocational education system often combines classroom learning with training in the workplace. Most students graduate not only with a clear understanding of their trade but also with work experience. The vocational education system often combines classroom learning with training in the workplace, as a result of which most students graduate not only with a clear understanding of their trade but also with work experience. Applying the rules B2 Leon wanted to become an electrician, (1) _____________ like many young German students, he decided not to go to university but to choose a vocational training course instead. In Germany, (2) _______________ someone wants to become an electrician, a photographer or a hotel manager, they will probably go through the vocational education system which combines theory in the classroom with practice in the workplace. Leon chose to work at an electrical company (3) ______________ he had to spend three days a week. He also had to attend school for 12 hours a week. At work, Leon learnt about his trade, which involved much drilling, and he kept a detailed journal of the new skills he whether/if and where acquired. At school, he attended classes relevant to his chosen occupation. These included lessons (4) ______________ focused on topics like electrical circuits. The company and the school operated independently of each other (5) _____________ Leon had to show his grades to his manager at work. Over the course of his studies, Leon had to pass two exams. One was to highlight any gaps in his knowledge. The other was the final exam Leon sat to gain the necessary qualifications to become an electrician. Leon graduated after demonstrating the appropriate level of understanding and technical competence, (6) ____________ he now anticipates a long and happy career as an electrician. that/which but/and and/so Language Points 1. “It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands-on training in the workplace.” 1) occupation—occupy—occupied 被占用的；被侵占的；忙的 2) occupy oneself with/doing sth → be occupied with/ doing sth 忙于... 3) under occupation 被占领，在占领下 4) choose/change an occupation选择/更换职业 26 2. “Vocational education is no less important than academic education because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field.” 1) qualify—qualification资格；学历—qualified有资格的；能胜任的 2) qualify for sth 有...资格 3) qualify sb for/to do sth → be qualified for/to do sth 有资格/能胜任 4) gain a qualification/qualifications for... 获得...资格/资历 27 3. “Once a job has been secured, those with vocational qualifications often have better prospects of promotion within the company.” 1) prospect—prospective 潜在的，可能的 2) have prospects of...有...前景/前途 3) There is no prospect of peace. 无望... 4) A place in the semi-finals is in prospect.有望 28 4. “At work, Leon learnt about his trade, which involved much drilling, and he kept a detailed journal of the new skills he acquired.” 1) drill a series of hole 钻一串孔/ drill for oil 钻探石油 2) an electric drill 电钻/ a fire drill 消防演习 3) drill sb in/to do sth 培训某人做，训练某人做 4) drill sth into sb 向某人反复灌输...，反复训练某人做某事 29 5. “Leon graduated after demonstrating the appropriate level of understanding and technical competence.” 1) competence—competent 有能力的 2) gain/have competence in sth 3) within/beyond one’s competence 4) be competent to do sth有能力做，能胜任 30 $