UNIT 2 Be sporty， be healthy-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（译林版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“运动与健康”主题，整合词汇（核心、拓展、多义）、短语、句型及语篇应用等高考核心考点，按“基础积累-核心突破-实战应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过晨背情境填空、知识清单梳理、核心词练通写美、真题分层训练等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破语法与写作难点。 特色在于情境化词汇积累与分层能力训练，如晨背填空结合教材语境巩固基础词汇，核心词“range”通过练通（单句语法）和写美（一句多译）提升语言应用能力。融入2025年真题解析，培养学生思维品质与应试技巧，设置应用文增分练和读后续写微技能，保障复习效率。助力学生全面提升语言能力，为教师提供精准复习节奏把控方案。

UNIT 2　Be sporty， be healthy 晨背·积累沉淀 　　情境填空·重拾教材 　　Regular exercise does 1.　wonders　 （wonder） for people’s physical and mental health.It can increase the 2.　efficiency　 （efficient） of your heart and lungs.It tends 3.　to improve　 （improve） your immune system.Moreover， it helps to reduce stress and get over negative 4.　feelings　 （feel）.When you plan an exercise routine， the first thing 5.　to consider　 （consider） is what you expect to improve， such as heart and lung efficiency， muscle strength or flexibility.Then， choose activities you enjoy and stick 6.　with　 them.However， that’s not enough.You should eat right and prevent 7.　injury　 （injure）.But don’t eat immediately after exercise.Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water 8.　lost　 （lose） to sweat.Wear proper clothes and 9.　equipment　 （equip） as well as warm up 10.　to prevent　 （prevent） damage. 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认 1.immune adj.　　有免疫力；不受影响的；免除的 2.routine n.　　常规，惯例 adj.　　常规的，例行的；乏味的 3.gymnastics n.　　体操，体操训练 4.protein n.　　蛋白质 5.tissue n.　　（细胞的）组织；纸巾，手巾纸 6.court n.　　球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 7.imitate vt.　　模仿；仿效 8.philosophy n.　　哲学 9.backward（s） adv.　　向后；朝反方向 10.diagram n.　　简图，图解，图表，示意图 11.skydiving n.　　跳伞运动 12.aerobic adj.　　有氧的；需氧的 Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨 1.average n.　　平均水平，一般水准；平均数 adj.　　平均的；典型的；普通的 vt.　　平均为 2.update vt.　　使现代化，更新；向……提供最新信息 n.　　最新消息 3.position n.　　处境；位置；姿势；观点；地位 4.master n.　　大师，能手；主人 vt.　　精通，掌握；控制 5.plus conj.　　而且，此外 prep.　　加；和 adj.　　（用于数字后面表示）多，余 n.　　加号；优势，长处 Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写 1.disease n.　　病，疾病 2.moreover adv.　　此外，而且 3.reduce vt.　　减少，缩小 4.muscle n.　　肌肉，肌 5.jogging n.　　慢跑锻炼 6.skiing n.　　滑雪（运动） 7.bone n.　　骨头，骨 8.tai chi n.　　太极拳，太极 9.stretch vt.& vi.　　伸展，舒展；拉长；伸出；（使）延伸 10.range n.　　范围，界限，区间；一系列 11.petrol n.　　汽油 12.throughout prep.　　自始至终；各处，遍及 13.sweat n.　　汗水 vt.& vi.　　出汗，流汗 14.maintain vt.　　维持；维修，保养 15.replace vt.　　用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 16.athlete n.　　运动员 17.nearby adj.　　附近的，邻近的 adv.　　在附近，不远 18.partner n.　　搭档，同伴；伙伴；合伙人 19.nowadays adv.　　现今，现在 20.soccer n.　　＜美＞足球运动 21.lung n.　　肺 22.pull-up n.　　引体向上 Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓 1.congratulate vt.祝贺→congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺→congratulatory adj.祝贺的；恭贺的 2.assume vt.假定，以为；假设；认为；承担（责任），（就）职；呈现，显露；假装→assumption n.假定；假设→assuming conj.假如 3.tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看→tendency n.趋势；倾向；偏好 4.move v.移动；搬家 vt.使感动→movement n.活动，转动；移动；运动→movable adj.可移动的；活动的→moved adj.感动的→unmoved adj.冷漠的；无动于衷的→moving adj.令人感动的；移动的 5.energy n.能，能量；精力；能源→energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energetically adv.精力充沛地→energize/-ise vt.使充满热情；给……增添能量 6.injure vt.伤害，损伤→injury n.伤害，损伤→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→uninjured adj.未受伤的 7.prevent vt.阻止，阻碍→prevention n.预防；防止 8.equip v.配备；装备→equipment n.设备；配备，装备→equipped adj.装备齐全的；使有准备的，使有能力的 9.lack n.缺乏，匮乏，短缺 vt.& vi.没有，缺乏，不足，短缺→lacking adj.没有的，缺乏的，不足的 10.announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知→announcement n.宣布；宣言；通知→announcer n.播音员；宣告者 11.champion n.冠军，第一名→championship n.冠军头衔；锦标赛 12.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑→hesitant adj.犹豫的，踌躇的→hesitation n.犹豫，迟疑 13.admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入→admission n.允许进入；承认；入场费 14.explore vt.& vi.探究，探索；勘探，勘察→exploration n.探险；探索→explorer n.探险者 15.inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生（感觉或情感）→inspired adj.受鼓舞的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的→inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）→inspirational adj.启发灵感的；鼓舞人心的 16.satisfy vt.使满意→satisfaction n.满意；满足，达到；欣慰→satisfying adj.令人满意的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的 17.exist vi.存在；生活，生存→existing adj.目前的，现有的→existence n.生存；存在 18.breath n.呼吸；呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量；迹象→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸；呼出 vt.低声说→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地，屏息地 Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记 1.do wonders 　　创造奇迹，产生神奇作用（同义：work miracles） 2.over the long term 　　长期 （同义：in the long run） 3.stick with 　　持续，坚持 （同义：persist in） 4.make up for 　　弥补，补偿 5.put the finishing touches to 　　对……进行最后的润色或修饰 6.in response to 　　对……作出反应；作为对……的回复 7.under the weather 略有不适，不舒服 8.no wonder 　　不足为奇，并不奇怪 9.be rooted in 　　起源于 （同义：originate from） 10.get over 　　克服 11.play a role in 　　在……中发挥作用/扮演角色（同义：play a part in） 12.hang out with 　　和……一起玩耍 13.in general 　　一般来说 （同义：generally speaking） 14.to be honest 　　说实话，老实说 （同义：honestly speaking） Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用 1.It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases.（it作形式主语；that 引导主语从句） 事实也证明，定期运动的人往往会有更好的免疫系统，患病的风险较低。 2.To prevent soft tissue injury， make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising.（状语从句的省略） 为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时要确保你穿戴合适的衣服和护具。 3.Just as importantly， practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.（副词短语作状语；动词-ing短语作主语） 同样重要的是，练习太极拳还激励了我去探索其背后的中国文化。 4.Zhang Sanfeng， a 13th-century Taoist， was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.（主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth） 传说13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极拳。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 合成法：指用两个或两个以上的独立的单词合成一个新词的构词法。 最常见的包括：名词合成词，形容词合成词，动词合成词。单词之间有的用连字符连接，有的直接连接在一起 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2025·全国一卷）Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.　n.分类说明；详细分析　 2.（2025·全国一卷）The fuels for transport need to be not just green， cheap and powerful， but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. 　adj.重量轻的，轻质的　 3.（2025·全国二卷）Butcher shops， greengrocers， bakeries， and cheese shops line the town square. 　n.蔬菜水果店　 4.（2025·全国二卷）Growing up， my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing， denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 　n.晾衣绳　 5.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. 　n.丘陵地带徒步旅行　 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.controversial adj.　　　　有争议的；引起争论的 ①be controversial over/on sth　　在某事上存在争议 ②controversial issue/topic　　有争议的问题 The CEO’s controversial decision to cut staff caused widespread debate. CEO裁员的争议性决定引发广泛争论。 2.craft n.手艺；工艺；技艺；骗术 vt.（尤指用手工）精心制作 ①traditional craft　　传统手工艺 ②handicraft　　手工艺品 ③aircraft　　飞机 ④spacecraft　　航天器 （2025·八省联考） The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art， craft and local history exhibitions which change every month. 临时展厅每月更换展品，涵盖艺术、工艺和地方历史等多个领域。 核心知识 点面突破 congratulation n.祝贺，恭喜；贺辞；恭贺 练通 单句语法填空 ①〔人教必修三〕The newly married couple received dozens of letters of 　congratulations　 （congratulate） from their friends. ②On the whole， Harry thought he was to be congratulated 　on　 his idea of hiding here. ③You should congratulate yourself on 　having done　 （do） an excellent job. 写美 同义转换 ④I’d like to congratulate you on your receiving the first prize of Chinese speech contest. →I’d like to 　express/offer/send my congratulations to you on　 your receiving the first prize of Chinese speech contest. （1）express/offer/send one’s congratulations to sb （on sth）　　 　　（为某事）向某人表示祝贺 （2）congratulate vt.　　祝贺；庆贺 congratulate sb on （doing） sth　　就（做）某事向某人祝贺 congratulate oneself on （doing） sth　　因（做）某事为自己感到高兴 佳句 Their son was admitted to Peking University and they held a party to celebrate it. In the party， their friends congratulated them on their son’s success. Some who didn’t come telephoned to offer their congratulations to them.他们的儿子被北京大学录取了，他们举行了宴会来庆祝此事。在宴会上，他们的朋友祝贺他们的儿子取得了成功。一些没到场的人也打电话祝贺他们。 range n.（变动或浮动的）范围，界限，区间；一系列；山脉 v.（按一定位置或顺序）排列；（在一定范围内）变化，变动 练通 单句语法填空 ①There is a variety of aspects that can be involved， 　ranging　 （range） from economy， technology to culture. ②Prices of these toys range 　between　 $7 and $10， which is quite affordable for average families. ③The price of the house is so high that it is well 　beyond　 our range. ④Don’t be worried！Your blood pressure’s well 　within　 the normal range. 写美 一句多译 ⑤我们的俱乐部正在举办各种活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵。 →　Our club are holding a wide range of activities， which range from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.　（主动语态；非限制性定语从句） →　A wide range of activities are being held in our club， ranging from English Speech Contest to Poetry Recitation.　 （被动语态；分词短语作状语） （1）a wide/broad/whole range of ...　　　　　　　　一系列……；大范围的…… beyond/out of range　　在射程外；在范围外 within range　　在射程内；在范围内 （2）range from ...to ...在……到……范围内变动 range between ...and ...　　在……和……范围内变动 佳句 （2025·全国二卷）Yet now， I live in the countryside of Zhejiang， China with my Chinese husband and his family， where bamboo and tea bushes （灌木） grow wild in the mountains， chickens are always free-range， and central heating doesn’t exist. 然而如今，我和中国丈夫以及他的家人一起住在中国浙江的农村。那里的山里随处生长着野竹与茶树，鸡也总是散养着，不过当地并没有集中供暖。 tend vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照看 练通 单句语法填空 ①If we grow up eating certain foods in our family， then those foods tend 　to be linked　 （link） with positive emotions. ②〔北师大选必四〕Being single， Ma Ming often held parties at night， but the biggest problem was his 　tendency　 （tend） to drum late at night. ③The lamb had become separated from its mother， so I jumped out of the tractor to tend 　to　 it while Don stayed in his seat. 写美 翻译句子 ④一队医务人员被派去照顾地震的幸存者。（tend） 　A team of medical workers were sent to tend to the survivors of the earthquake.　 （1）tend to do sth　　易于/倾向于做某事 tend （to） sb/sth　　照顾/护理/看护某人/某物 （2）tendency n.　　趋向；倾向 have a tendency to do sth　　喜欢/倾向于做某事 佳句 In addition， people who are aware of their goals tend to stay motivated when faced with adversity. 此外，意识到自己目标的人在面对逆境时往往会保持动力。 The statesmen tend to learn more about the present tendency. 政治家们往往会去了解更多的关于目前的趋势。 average n.平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的；一般的 v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 练通 单句语法填空 ①The person I respect most is my Chinese teacher whose teaching level is far 　above　 average； he is of average height and wears a pair of glasses. ②The plateau is the world’s highest plateau， 　averaging　 （average） over 4，000 metres above sea level. ③　On　 average， adults read about 240 words a minute， but I always take longer. 写美 翻译句子 ④在暑假期间，我们平均每天花三个小时在线学习。（an average of） 　During the summer vacation， we spend an average of three hours a day studying online.　 （1）an average of　　　　平均有（后跟数词） （2）on （the） average　　平均起来 above/below average　　平均水平以上/以下 up to average　　达到一般水准 佳句 There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam， an average of 18 students in each class. Tom’s was above average while John’s was below average. 在这次考试中有90个同学得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。 点津 average意为“平均的”时，通常只能放在名词前作定语，不能作表语，且没有比较等级。 announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知 练通 单句语法填空 ①〔人教选必二〕As a result of this evidence， John Snow was able to announce 　that　 the pump water carried cholera germs. ②The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry will announce the news 　to　 the reporters. 写美 完成句子 ③　It is announced that　 a speech contest on traditional Chinese culture will be held in our school. 据宣布，一场关于中国传统文化的演讲比赛将在我们学校举行。 （1）announce sth to sb＝announce to sb sth 向某人宣布某事 It is announced that ...　　据宣布…… announce that ...　　宣布…… （2）announcement n.　　公告，布告，通知 make an announcement　　发布宣告/通知 （3）announcer n.　　播音员，宣告者 佳句 When the result of the race was announced， all the students cheered up. （场景描写） 当比赛结果被公布时，所有的学生都欢呼起来。 点津 announce后不接双宾语，常用announce sth to sb结构。用法类似的动词还有suggest， explain等。 replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新 练通 单句语法填空 ①As far as I’m concerned， it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them 　with　 snacks. ②I replaced him 　as　 the leading role in the school drama， which came as a big shock to the class. ③We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee 　replacement　 （replace） operation. 写美 翻译句子 ④喜欢并向其他文化学习是件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。（replace） 　It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them，but they can never replace your own culture.　 （1）replace ...with/by ... 用……替换；以……接替…… replace ...as ...　　取代……而成为…… （2）take the place of/take one’s place　　代替 in place of .../in one’s place　　代替 （3）replacement n.　　更换；替换；替换物 佳句 Looking at their fluttering shadows and hearing them chirp， I felt the dim grayness within my heart disappeared， replaced by the strength of life. （心理描写） 看着它们掠过的影子，听着它们叽叽喳喳，我感到内心的灰暗消失了，取而代之的是生命的力量。 inspire vt.激励，鼓舞；启发思考；使产生（感觉或情感） 练通 单句语法填空 ①Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out， but she has proved the doubters wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an 　inspiration　 （inspire） or many social media users. ②〔北师大必修三〕Magritte was a painter 　inspired　 （inspire） by his thoughts and ideas. 写美 完成句子 ③〔外研必修三〕Later， Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Many 　inspired people gave him their support　. 后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向瑞安提供支持。 （1）inspire sb to do sth　激励某人做某事 inspire sb with sth＝inspire sth in sb　　使某人产生某感觉或情感 inspire sth into sb　　把某种思想灌输给某人 （2）inspired adj.　　受到鼓舞的 be inspired by ...　　被……激励/启发/鼓舞 （3）inspiring adj.　　鼓舞人心的 inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物） 佳句 To inspire young people to take action to protect the environment， our school will launch a campaign. （通知） 为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境，我们学校将要发起一项活动。 The father inspired confidence in his son. ＝The father inspired his son with confidence. 那位父亲激发了儿子的信心。 hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑 练通 单句语法填空 ①If you are enthusiastic about English and have a sharp mind， don’t hesitate 　to join　 （join） the debate team. ②We must pursue our dreams without 　hesitation　 （hesitate） and eventually we can succeed. 写美 一句多译 ③如果你有问题，一定要毫不犹豫地向我们求助。 （建议信） →If you have questions， 　don’t hesitate to turn to　 us for help. →If you have questions， do turn to us for help 　without hesitation　. （1）hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事 hesitate about/over （doing） sth　　对（做）某事犹豫不决 （2）hesitation n.　　犹豫；踌躇 without hesitation　　毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth　　毫不犹豫地做某事 （3）hesitant adj.　　犹豫的；踌躇的 hesitantly adv.　　犹豫不决地；不情愿地 佳句 If you have any further questions， don’t hesitate to contact me. 如有其他问题，请立即与我联系。 admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入 练通 单句语法填空 ①After a few seconds of silence， she admitted 　being hurt　 （hurt） by what I had said. ②I apply for 　admission　 （admit） to your society because I am keen on historical novels like you. ③Learning that you have been admitted 　into/to　 Peking University， I am writing to offer sincere congratulations to you. 写美 完成句子 ④Being humorous and patient， Mr Cheng 　is generally admitted to be one of the best teachers　.（人物介绍） 程老师既幽默又有耐心，被公认是最好的老师之一。 （1）admit sth/doing sth/having done sth 承认某事/承认做某事/承认做过某事 admit ...to be/as ...承认……是…… admit ...into/to ...　　允许……进入…… （2）admission n.　　准许进入；入场费；承认 佳句 Learning our school table tennis team is admitting new members， I can hardly wait to invite you to join it.得知我校乒乓球队正在招收新队员，我迫不及待地想邀请你加入球队。 联想 只能用动名词作宾语的常见词 avoid避免　　　practice练习　　　enjoy享受 escape避免　　mind介意　　miss错过 risk冒风险　　finish完成　　imagine想象 root vt.& vi.（使）生根 n.根，根茎；根源，起因 佳句背诵 ①Fear rooted her to the spot.她吓呆了。 ②She stood rooted to the spot， staring at him. 她呆若木鸡，盯着他看。 ③Leila rooted through her handbag for a pen. 莉拉在手提包里翻找钢笔。 靓句写作 罗丝惊讶地扬起眉毛，呆住了，仿佛定在了地上。 Raising her eyebrows in surprise， Ross froze， as if 　rooted to the ground　. 句型公式：the＋序数词（＋名词/代词）＋to do ... 教材原句：When you plan an exercise routine， the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve：heart and lung efficiency， muscle strength or flexibility. 制订锻炼计划时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面有所改善：心肺功能，肌肉力量还是柔韧性。 写美 完成句子 ①What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life：“　Be the first to worry about the troubles　 across the land， 　the last to enjoy universal happiness　.” 给我印象最深的是他著名的人生哲学：“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐。” ②He can speak fluent English and he is 　the only student in his class to go abroad for further study　. 他能说一口流利的英语而且是他班里唯一一个出国深造的学生。 （1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或其前有the next，the only，the last等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。 （2）动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，attempt，belief等。 佳句 〔人教必修三〕She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.court n.球场；法院，法庭；宫廷 ①〔外研必修一〕Yes， but I’m not interested in law.I want to work in a studio， not a court. 　n.法院，法庭　 ②The lady was lucky to be invited to the court of Queen Victoria. 　n.宫廷　 ③〔外研必修三〕 The point guard is a key player， but it was like he wasn’t even on the court！　n.球场　 2.average n.平均数；平均水平，一般水准 adj.平均的；典型的；普通的 v.平均为 ①It takes me almost three steps to keep up with one step of an average size adult and my mom has to shorten almost all of my pants. 　adj.普通的　 ②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）For instance， the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.　n.平均数；平均水平，一般水准　 ③Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour when driving. 　vt.平均为　 ④The candidates’ age ranges from 29 to 49 with an average age of 37. 　adj.平均的　 3.admit vt.& vi.承认；招认；准许进入；准许加入；接纳；可容纳 ①Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. 　vt.准许进入　 ②〔北师大必修二〕He admitted that during the early stages of living with his injury， he wished that he was dead and even thought of ending his own life. 　vt.承认　 ③Only athletes who have reached the standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.　vt.接纳　 ④The gym to be completed next month can admit 1，000 people at a time. 　vt.可容纳　 4.Suffering a massive earthquake，the city was reduced to ruins. 　vt.使沦落，使陷入窘境　 5.We are really concerned and anxious to learn about your updates. 　n.最新消息　 6.She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep. 　vt.把……放回原处　 7.We want to climb the great mountain range of the Alps. 　n.山脉　 8.The first few leaves on the ground announced the beginning of autumn. 　vt.预示　 9.As is known to all， China’s industry is assuming a new aspect. 　vt.呈现，显露　 单句语法填空 1.（2025·北京卷）People with more consistent stories tend 　to have　 （have） a stronger sense of identity， and they feel their life has more meaning， direction and sense of purpose. 2.（2025·全国一卷）Describing her alarm at its proposed 　replacement　 （replace） with an expressway， Jane Jacobs called on her mayor （市长） to champion “New York as a decent place to live， and not just rush through.” 3.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.Seeing me from a distance， he waved at me and expressed his 　congratulations　 （congratulate）. 4.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases， the average 　of　 a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. 5.〔人教选必一〕In class， students tend 　to lower　 （lower） their heads when the question is too hard for them. 6.〔外研选必三〕When there is danger， he never hesitates 　to protect　 （protect） others. 7.〔外研选必二〕It is so 　inspiring　 （inspire） to have colleagues like Wilton， Maisy and Alfonso， not to mention all the others I have worked with. 单句语法填空 1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Inside the office， they encourage recycling and waste 　reduction　 （reduce） by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. 2.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism， including a detailed 　exploration　 （explore） of what it asks and why it works， and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. 3.A systems approach to creating change is also built on the 　assumption　 （assume） that everyone in the system has equal power. 4.〔北师大必修一〕It is a great sport for beginners — you do not need a gym membership or any special 　equipment　 （equip）. 5.〔外研选必四〕Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes， we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe， before the 　existence　 （exist） of light. 6.〔人教选必三〕After six months of trying out new ways of relaxing， I feel much more 　energetic　 （energy）. 　应用文增分练——绳舞间乐 　　（2024·1月浙江卷）请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，内容包括： 　　（1）介绍这项运动；（2）说明推荐理由。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.为了增强我们的免疫系统，使我们每天精力充沛，我想推荐我的同学在课间休息时进行跳绳。（immune； energy） 　To strengthen our immune system and keep us energetic every day， I’d like to recommend my fellow students to skip rope during the breaks between classes.　 2.跳绳可以在室内或室外进行，你只需要一根跳绳和一些空间。（动词-ing短语作主语） 　Skipping rope can be done indoors or outdoors and all you need is a skipping rope and some space.　 3.已经证明跳绳有助于消耗热量，增强肌肉，减少我们的学习压力。（it作形式主语；muscle； reduce） 　It has been proven that skipping rope helps burn calories， build up muscles and reduce our academic pressure as well.　 4.此外，它可以单独或与伙伴合作完成，使它成为一项能社交和互动的运动。（moreover； partner； 动词-ing短语作结果状语） 　Moreover， it can be done alone or with partners， making it a social and interactive exercise.　 5.作为一种有氧训练，当我们坚持跳绳时，我们能够健康地减肥。（aerobic； stick with； 状语从句的省略） 　As a kind of aerobic exercise， when sticking with skipping rope， we are capable of losing weight healthily.　 6.所以让我们抓住这次机会开始跳绳吧！（动词不定式作后置定语） 　So let’s catch the chance to start skipping！　 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 Stand Up and Exercise， Everybody！ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考范文： Stand Up and Exercise， Everybody！ 　　To strengthen our immune system and keep us energetic every day， I’d like to recommend my fellow students to skip rope during the breaks between classes. 　　Skipping rope can be done indoors or outdoors and all you need is a skipping rope and some space.The reasons why I highly recommend it are as follows.Firstly， it has been proven that skipping rope helps burn calories， build up muscles and reduce our academic pressure as well.Moreover， it can be done alone or with partners， making it a social and interactive exercise.Finally， as a kind of aerobic exercise， when sticking with skipping rope，we are capable of losing weight healthily. 　　So let’s catch the chance to start skipping！ 　读后续写微技能——英雄逝去，悲恸难当 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 词汇积累 心理描写：hesitate； inspire； imagine； bore； satisfy； love； believe； satisfaction； stick with 动作描写：spread； stand； breathe in； stretch； lack； announce； replace； admit； breathe out 人物描写：energetic； confident； bored； aching； relaxed； cool； hesitant； active 佳句积累 比喻句：Like cars that run on petrol， your body burns carbohydrates for energy. 心理描写：When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school， I hesitated. 动作描写：Just as importantly， practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. 情感描写：After learning the basics of tai chi in those first few classes， I found myself bored and aching from doing the same moves over and over again. 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 情感描写：悲伤、沮丧与孤独 经典 词汇 1.broken-hearted adj.心碎的 2.sorrowful adj.悲伤的 3.gloomy adj.阴郁的；忧郁的 4.miserable adj.悲惨的；痛苦的 5.downcast adj.垂头丧气的 6.blue adj.忧郁的7.desperate adj.绝望的，无望的 8.depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧→depressed adj.抑郁的，沮丧的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depression n.悲伤 9.despair n.绝望；令人绝望的人或事 v.绝望；丧失信心 10.upset adj.不高兴的；心烦意乱的 v.使心烦意乱；使生气 靓点 语块 1.in low spirits 情绪低落 2.in a bad mood 心情不好 3.fall into despair 陷入绝望 4.cry one’s heart out 悲痛欲绝 5.an ocean of sadness 悲伤的海洋6.one’s heart sank 心沉下去 7.with a heavy/sinking/sorrowful/broken heart 心情沉重/难过/心碎 8.in a sorrowful/sad tone/voice 用一种悲伤的语气说/伤心地说 出彩佳句 1.A wave of sadness welled up inside her. （无生命名词作主语） 一阵悲伤涌上她的心头。 2.So desperate did she feel that she couldn’t help weeping， unable to hold back her tears. （倒装句；形容词短语作状语） 她感到如此绝望，以至于忍不住哭了起来，无法抑制自己的眼泪。 3.I bit my bottom lip， struggled to my feet and ran forward desperately， with sweat blurring my sight. （动作链；with复合结构） 我咬着下嘴唇，挣扎着站起来，拼命向前跑，汗水模糊了我的视线。 4.Depression hung over me like a dark cloud. （无生命名词作主语；比喻） 沮丧像乌云一样笼罩着我。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：一个过路警察救了她溺水的孙子，可因为洪水太急，警察失去了生命。老太太听到英雄去世的消息，很难过、悲伤…… 　　Hearing the news on the radio that the young hero died at last on the way to hospital， 1.　depression， despair and sadness hung over her like a dark cloud　 （沮丧、绝望和悲伤像乌云一样笼罩着她；无生命名词作主语；比喻）.She felt like she was floating in an ocean of sadness.2.　 So desperate did she feel that she couldn’t help weeping， unable to hold back her tears　 （她感到如此绝望，以至于忍不住哭了起来，无法抑制自己的眼泪；倒装句；形容词短语作状语）.3.　It was heartbreaking for her that　 （她很伤心） she had no opportunity to say “Thank you！” to him. 　　（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，阅读七选五）Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was：“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，” while another read：“36.　　” With a workout partner， you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle （微妙） competition. 　　So， how do you find a workout partner？ 　　First of all， decide what you want from that person.37.　　 Or do you just want to be physically fit， able to move with strength and flexibility？ Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. 　　You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media， but it probably won’t result in a useful response.38.　　 If you plan on working out in a gym， that person must belong to the same gym. 　　My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do， how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session， and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities， and provided her phone number.39.　　 　　You and your partner will probably have different skills.40.　　 Over time， both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core （核心） of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. 做真题——感悟命题角度 A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport？ E.How can you write a good “seeking a training partner” notice？ F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 答案与解析 36.C　根据空后一句“有一个健身伙伴，你将会训练得更努力，因为你们之间有一种微妙的竞争”可知，C项（如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力）符合语境。 37.D　根据空后一句可知，空处也应是一般疑问句，是对本段首句的进一步解释。由此可知，D项（你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为一名更好的运动员吗？）符合语境。 38.B　根据空后一句“如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人（你的伙伴）一定得是同一个健身房的”可知，空处应该与健身伙伴所在的位置有关。由此可知，B项（健身伙伴通常需要住在附近）符合语境。 39.G　空前介绍了作者的健身伙伴发布的寻找健身伙伴的帖子的内容，因此空处也应与帖子内容有关。故G项（任何寻找训练伙伴的通知都应包括这些信息）符合语境。 40.F　根据空前一句“你和你的伙伴可能有不同的技能”可推知，F项（接受你和健身伙伴之间的不同之处并且学会相互合作）符合语境。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.title vt.　　（给书籍、乐曲等）加标题，定题目 2.workout n.　　锻炼，训练；试验 3.strength n.　　体力，力量；实力，影响力；长处，优势 4.post n.& v.　　＜英＞邮政，邮递；发布 5.board n.　　板，木板；布告板；董事会 6.training n.　　训练，培训；体育训练 7.session n.　　（某项活动的）一段时间；学年；上课时间 8.benefit n.　　好处，益处 vt.　　（对某人）有用；使受益 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.competition n.竞争；角逐 [compete （v.）＋后缀-ition] 2.physically adv.身体上 [physical （adj.）＋后缀-ly] 3.relationship n.关系 [relation （n.）＋后缀-ship] （三）由文本知变式运用 1.熟词生义（文中生义） （1）run [熟义] v.跑；跑步 →[生义] vt.　发表；刊登　 （第一段第一句） （2）read [熟义] v.读；阅读 →[生义] vt.　写着；写成　 （第一段第二句） 2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换） （1）healthy＝　fit　 （第三段） （2）take exercise＝　work out　 （第四段） （四）由文本探析长难句 You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media， but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 分析：本句包含两个并列分句。前一分句中，what you are looking for是what引导的　宾语　从句，作posting的　宾语　。 译文：　你可能想在社交媒体上发布你要寻找什么（样的健身伙伴），但这可能不会得到一个有用的回应。　 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·南京、盐城二模）Dancing lowers the depression associated with Parkinson’s disease， and the benefits can be seen in multiple ways， a new study shows. 　　“It was very cool to see dance had a positive effect on the mood circuits in the brain， which we could see in the imaging from MRI brain scans （扫描），” says Joseph DeSouza， author of the study.“These improvements were also reported by the participants via survey.Our study is the first to demonstrate these benefits across these two detection methods.” 　　The study followed 23 participants with Parkinson’s disease from the Sharing Dance Parkinson’s program at Canada’s National Ballet School， along with family members or caregivers.Participants took weekly dance classes for 8 months， progressing from simple leg and foot work to more complex movements like waltzes and more.The research team focused on the subcallosal cingulate gyrus （SCG）， a brain region linked to depression.They measured mood and depression before and after each class using the Geriatric Depression Scale （GDS） （老年抑郁量表） and conducted regular MRI scans. 　　The researchers found that after each dance class， reported depression rates dropped， and the effect was increasing from class to class， with significant improvements after 8 months.“We showed that SCG’s BOLD （blood oxygen level dependent） signal decreases while dancing， which means the SCG was not functioning as fast as it would if you had depression，” says DeSouza.“Parkinson’s disease is often accompanied by depression long before motor symptoms （症状） appear.” 　　Dance is thought to have a double benefit， with music activating the brain’s reward centers， and the movement acting on sensory and motor circuits.DeSouza， dancing with participants for 14 years， says that while dancing is not a treatment for Parkinson’s disease by itself， the benefits are clear.“We’re not trying to cure it with dance，” he says.“What we’re trying to do is to have people live a better quality of life.This goes for both the patients， and their families that take care of them.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞能缓解帕金森患者的抑郁症状。 1.What do we know about the results of the two detection methods？（　　） A.They fall short of expectations. B.They are more accurate than before. C.They are distinct from each other. D.They show consistent conclusions. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，这两种检测方法得出的结论是一致的。 2.How did the researchers conduct the study？（　　） A.By referring to previous studies. B.By making pre-post comparisons. C.By employing computer modeling. D.By conducting drug experiments. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，研究者们是通过做前后对比来进行研究的。 3.What did the researchers find about the SCG？（　　） A.It is in charge of motor system. B.It can be measured by the GDS. C.Dancing slows down its functioning. D.Depression weakens its BOLD signal. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“We showed ...had depression，” says DeSouza.可知，研究者们发现跳舞会减缓SCG的功能。 4.What is the best title for the text？（　　） A.Dancing Away Parkinson’s Blues B.Dancing： Multiple Benefits to Be Seen C.Dancing with Your Mood Circuits D.Dancing： A Journey to Mental Well-being 解析：A　标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲述了跳舞能够缓解帕金森患者的抑郁症状。故A项（跳舞驱散帕金森的忧郁）最适合作文章标题。 B 　　（2026·苏、锡、常、镇四市一模）Intensity exercises often get praised for their role in preventing illnesses like high blood pressure， heart disease， and Type 2 diabetes — not to mention their mental health benefits.But there’s a common mistake： the more intense the exercise， the better the benefits.A recent research shows that low-to-moderate （低到中等的） intensity exercise， such as Zone 2 training， maybe just as — or even more effective for improving health and endurance （持久力）. 　　Exercise intensity is often broken down into five separate heart rate zones， each representing a different percentage of your maximum heart rate.Zone 2， which falls between 60 to 70 per cent of a person’s maximum heart rate， is “your all-day pace”.Theoretically， it’s at such a low intensity that you can keep going and going. 　　This kind of exercise offers a unique advantage： it’s just below the lactate threshold （乳酸阈值） the point where lactate — an essential energy source — builds up in the blood faster than it can be removed.As exercise intensity increases beyond Zone 2， the body’s energy demands shift to favor a lactate-producing system over a lactate-consuming one.At these higher intensities， carbohydrate （碳水化合物） use increases as a rapid fuel source while fat burning slows down. 　　Zone 2 exercises can provide a competitive advantage for endurance athletes， as fat is more readily available as an energy source than sugars.“If you are able to use fat as an energy source when you are exercising， you are going to reduce your reliance on sugar stores，” says Holmer， an exercise scientist.It also improves endurance by increasing the body’s ability to use a more efficient way for longer periods of exercise. 　　For people just starting a fitness routine， Zone 2 training has some additional benefits， the major one being that it is sustainable.Zone 2 training can be done at a moderate pace， leaving a person feeling better the next day and ready to go again.In contrast， over-reliance on high-intensity training can lead to quicker burnout and longer recovery times.“Exercise doesn’t have to hurt，” Holmer says. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了低到中等强度的运动对健康和耐力的益处，尤其是其在预防疾病、提高身体效率方面的优势。 5.How can we describe “your all-day pace” in paragraph 2？（　　） A.Sustainable. B.Difficult. C.Unchanged. D.Unrealistic. 解析：A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及其下句可知，your all-day pace指的是可持续的运动节奏。 6.Which of the following happens when Zone 2 training is done？（　　） A.The burning of fat slows down. B.The use of carbohydrate is enhanced. C.Lactate is removed faster than it is built up. D.The lactate-producing system is favored. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Zone 2训练时，乳酸的清除速度比积累速度快。 7.What is paragraph 4 mainly about？（　　） A.How Zone 2 training benefits endurance. B.Whether Zone 2 training is good to athletes. C.What is used as energy sources for Zone 2 exercises. D.Why a more efficient way is used for Zone 2 exercises. 解析：A　段落大意题。根据第四段可知，本段主要讲述了Zone 2训练如何增强耐力。 8.What does Holmer suggest starters do by saying “Exercise doesn’t have to hurt”？（　　） A.Stop doing too much Zone 2 training. B.Stop doing high-intensity training. C.Do training at a moderate pace. D.Do less exercise to avoid hurting themselves. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Holmer建议初学者以适度的速度进行训练。 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2026·山东聊城一模）Earlier this year， with the encouragement from my family， I decided to give fitness a shot. 　　I showed up to my gym for spin class （动感单车课） with my stomach in a bundle of 　9　.I had considered canceling multiple times， but I told myself that 　10　 was all that mattered. 　　The instructor was kind.He knew I was new to the class from my sloppy form.He walked us through all the various positions on the bike multiple times.I was 　11　 to learn that most of spin class is spent standing or 　12　 over the handlebars while pedaling， rather than sitting.The first time I tried to stand on the bike pedals， I felt my legs trembling and immediately 　13　.All the muscles I hadn’t used before creaked （嘎吱作响） as they 　14　 engaged in rapid movement.I did this awkward dance multiple times， each time my cheeks burned in 　15　 at my inability to hold a simple position.It wasn’t until the third class， when I smoothly transitioned to standing up on the bike， that I started to gain some 　16　. 　　Eventually， as my 　17　 on the bike grew， I became less focused on how I looked and the exact 　18　 my legs and arms were to engage in and more focused on looking inward. 　　The more I spun， the more I realized how powerful my body was.I had never considered myself 　19　.But now， for what felt like the first time， I was proud of my body’s 　20　. 　　The class made me realize that while I was wrong about many things when it came to 　21　， I was right about one important thing： What truly 　22　 is showing up， not what you wear or your fitness abilities.Because once you show up， the rest gets 　23　， one sweaty adventure at a time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家人的鼓励下尝试健身的经历和感悟。 9.A.doubts B.expectations C.nerves D.ideas 解析：C　根据下句中的I had considered canceling multiple times可知，作者考虑过要放弃，说明作者并不会骑动感单车，因此刚开始去上课是紧张的。 10.A.showing up B.tracking progress C.setting goals D.cycling down 解析：A　根据最后一段中的What truly 　22　 is showing up可知，作者认为最重要的是出现在健身房。 11.A.entertained B.satisfied C.inspired D.astonished 解析：D　根据后半句rather than sitting可知，作者了解到，骑动感单车是要站着，并非坐着，对此感到惊讶。 12.A.running B.bending C.lying D.jumping 解析：B　根据空后的over the handlebars while pedaling并结合常识可知，骑动感单车时是站着或者上身弯曲踩踏板。 13.A.gave up B.went out C.sat down D.slid away 解析：C　根据上句中的that most of spin class is spent standing和空前的I felt my legs trembling and immediately可知，骑动感单车时要站着，作者双腿颤抖，立刻坐下了。 14.A.accidentally B.steadily C.suddenly D.lightly 解析：C　根据空前的All the muscles I hadn’t used before creaked可知，作者之前没有进行过健身，这是第一次，所以肌肉突然开始运动。 15.A.sensibility B.embarrassment C.relief D.willingness 解析：B　根据上半句中的I did this awkward dance可知，作者觉得自己很尴尬。 16.A.strength B.talent C.confidence D.independence 解析：C　根据空前的when I smoothly transitioned to standing up on the bike可知，直到作者顺利站在自行车上时才有了信心。 17.A.interest B.patience C.weight D.comfort 解析：D　根据后半句内容可知，后来作者不再关注自己的姿势，说明自己在自行车上的舒适度越来越高。 18.A.interactions B.movements C.labour D.behavior 解析：B　根据第三段中的as they 　14　 engaged in rapid movement可知，刚开始作者关注手臂和腿的动作，此处表示现在不再那么关注动作。 19.A.athletic B.adventurous C.aggressive D.courageous 解析：A　根据上文可知，作者之前并没有参加健身，所以也不认为自己有运动细胞。 20.A.capabilities B.sizes C.temperatures D.structures 解析：A　根据本段首句可知，作者开始对自己身体拥有的能力感到自豪。 21.A.ability B.education C.character D.fitness 解析：D　根据空前内容可知，在这次课程中，作者刚开始对于健身的想法很多都是错误的。 22.A.counts B.suffers C.helps D.stands 解析：A　根据第二段中的but I told myself that 　10　 was all that mattered可知，作者明白了对于健身，只要出现就是要紧的。 23.A.happier B.easier C.busier D.lazier 解析：B　根据上半句Because once you show up， the rest gets可知，只要你露面，剩下的就会容易许多。 Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2026·湖南浏阳名校联盟联考）Tai Chi， also noted as Taijiquan， is a traditional Chinese martial art that has evolved into a popular form of exercise and meditation.24.　　　　　　 （originate） from China’s Fujian Province， Tai Chi has a history of over 1，000 years and is deeply rooted in Chinese philosophy and culture.It 25.　　　　　　 （characterize） by slow， flowing movements that promote balance， 26.　　　　　　 （flexible）， and relaxation. 　　In recent years， Tai Chi 27.　　　　　　 （gain） worldwide recognition for its health benefits.Studies have shown that practicing Tai Chi can also be helpful for people 28　　　　　　 （reduce） the risk of falls in older adults. 　　Tai Chi is often practised in groups or classes， 29.　　　　　　 students learn from a qualified instructor.There are many different styles of Tai Chi， each 30.　　　　　　 its own unique set of movements and techniques.Beginners are encouraged to start with the most basic movements and 31.　　　　　　 （gradual） build up their skills and knowledge over time. 　　32.　　　　　　 you are looking for a low-impact exercise， a way to reduce stress， or a close connection to Chinese culture， Tai Chi offers something for everyone.With regular practice， you can experience the transformative power of this ancient art form and discover 33.　　　　　　 deeper sense of balance and harmony in your life. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统文化——太极，包括其历史以及练习的好处。 24.Originating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，originate与逻辑主语Tai Chi之间构成主动关系，动词-ing形式作状语；置于句首，首字母大写。 25.is characterized　考查时态和语态。主语与谓语之间构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语为it，谓语用单数。 26.flexibility　考查名词。空处作宾语，应用名词flexibility，不可数。 27.has gained　考查时态。根据上文In recent years可知，应用现在完成时；主语为Tai Chi，助动词用has。 28.to reduce　考查非谓语动词。短语be helpful for sb to do sth 表示“对某人做某事有帮助”。 29.where　考查关系副词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词groups or classes，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。 30.with　考查介词。空后为名词作宾语，表示“带有，有着”，应用介词with。 31.gradually　考查副词。空处修饰动词短语build up，应用副词gradually。 32.Whether　考查连词。表示“无论是……还是……”的句型为whether ...or ...，置于句首，首字母大写。 33.a　考查冠词。短语a sense of balance 表示“……的感觉”， deeper的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $