UNIT 6 Earth first(课时跟踪检测)-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦生态保护与科技前沿，整合多地模拟题资源，通过真实情境提升语言理解与思维能力的高中英语一轮复习题集。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题|细节理解、指代判断、推理分析|素材源自模拟题，涉及环境DNA技术、海鹦保护等真实情境| |完形填空|15题|词汇辨析、上下文逻辑|以青少年保护帝王蝶为线索，考查实词运用与语篇连贯| |语法填空|10题|动词时态、非谓语、代词等|结合斐济废物管理经历，检测语法规则在语境中的应用|

UNIT 6　Earth first Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2026·山东烟台模拟）Two separate research groups in the UK and Denmark have come up with the same idea for a study that could help save endangered species， and have gotten the same results.It involves sucking environmental DNA from the air that animals leave behind. 　　“We use a really small pump that pulls the air through， and we hope the DNA gets caught on the filter （过滤器），” said Elizabeth Clare， the lead researcher.“It’s a bit like making coffee.You make coffee by sucking water through a filter and leaving the coffee grounds behind.That’s basically what we’re doing； we’re just sucking the air through and hoping that the DNA gets left behind.” 　　Clare says the concept has been used for years in different ways.Scientists sample pathogens （病原体） from the air， which has been used to help track COVID-19.Environmental DNA can also be collected from water to help ease invasive species. 　　A big goal for both research teams with the new study is to be able to locate endangered species and help save them.It is important to note that this type of DNA sampling can only be picked up if a species is in the area， so if there were two of the same animal， scientists would not be able to tell which one the DNA came from. 　　Both research groups also reported certain DNA samples not showing up when they knew an animal had been in the area.They also can’t tell yet how long an animal’s DNA will stick around after it’s been in one area.Clare says she’d like to plan more researches to get these answers. 　　But one thing is for sure after conducting the study.Clare says she has a whole new perspective on taking a deep breath.“As you know， I’m walking through a jungle or the park or taking my dog for a walk or my kids out to play， and I take a deep breath； I think I just inhaled information about all the things that have been here before， and as a scientist， that’s exciting to think that the information that I’m trying to gather is literally hanging in front of me，” she said. 1.Why does the author mention coffee-making？（　　） A.To show the function of a filter. B.To illustrate how the idea works. C.To compare two different methods. D.To prove how simply DNA-sucking works. 2.What does the underlined phrase “the concept” in paragraph 3 refer to？（　　） A.Detecting danger in the air. B.Protecting endangered animals. C.Sucking DNA out of the air. D.Collecting environmental samples. 3.What do we know about the new method of DNA sampling？（　　） A.It distinguishes different DNAs. B.It collects certain DNA within range. C.It locates endangered species exactly. D.It predicts the duration of animals’ stay. 4.What can we infer from Clare’s words in the last paragraph？（　　） A.She breathes the air of hope for future studies. B.She agrees with the benefits of deep breathing. C.She adopts brand-new methods of purifying the air. D.She finds inner peace by doing simple things in life. B 　　（2025·湖南长沙二模）Watching thousands of baby puffins （海鹦）， known as pufflings， being thrown off a cliff （悬崖） is perfectly normal for the people of Iceland’s Westman Islands.This yearly tradition is what’s known as “puffling season” and it is a crucial practice.Puffins are charming birds and attract locals and tourists to visit them.But during puffling season， the focus shifts from merely watching to actively helping the young puffins. 　　The chicks of puffins hatch in nests on high sea cliffs.About six weeks after hatching， they will fly from their nests and spend several years at sea until they return to land to breed.Puffins have historically found the ocean by following the light of the moon. 　　But because of lights from towns near where the puffins nest， they can get lost.Instead of heading out to sea to fish and grow strong， the birds end up heading inland.They wander on the streets， where cars， cats， and buildings pose dangerous obstacles.So， many residents spend a few weeks in August and September collecting baby puffins that have crashed into town and then gently throwing them into the ocean. 　　According to Erpur Hansen， a local ecologist， the average puffin population in Iceland has decreased by 70 percent over the last 30 years.“While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue， what’s restricting puffin numbers most dramatically are rising sea surface temperatures，” he explains.To further worsen the issue， puffins also only lay one egg per year， and only after they’re 3－6 years old.That rareness， combined with lack of food， and the legal hunting of the birds in Iceland all come together to threaten the population. 　　In fact， Hansen has suggested that if all factors continue on a similar trend， puffins in Iceland could be a thing of the past in a matter of decades.“On the upside， the last few years have seen something of a population increase， but that doesn’t mean it’s time to relax and it’s important to remain watchful to protect the birds， especially during puffling season，” Hansen says. 5.What do people from Westman Islands usually do in puffling season？（　　） A.Watch pufflings thrown off a cliff by adult puffins. B.Observe pufflings flying from their nests to breed. C.Search for pufflings and release them into the wild. D.Celebrate the pufflings’ successful migration journey. 6.Why do many puffins lose their ways？（　　） A.The moonlight is hazier than it used to be.　　　 B.They are misled by artificial lights inland. C.They are born with poor sense of direction. D.Natural environment is too complicated to adapt. 7.What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on about the puffin？（　　） A.The multiple factors causing its decline. B.The impact of climate change on it. C.The rareness of its breeding features. D.The numerous challenges its habitat faces. 8.What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？（　　） A.There’s no need for long-term fix for the pufflings. B.Puffins’ future is overwhelmingly discouraging. C.Constant active intervention from humans is essential. D.The puffling season tradition should be spread across Iceland. Ⅱ.完形填空 　　Natalie and Callie， both 13 years old， started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. 　　But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species， their 　9　 soon turned into a serious mission. 　　They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 　10　 since the early 1990s， due to habitat 　11　 and widespread use of chemicals， which made the milkweeds （马利筋草） the monarchs 　12　 for their main diet dangerous to eat. 　　So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 　13　 for the monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 　14　 and kept the butterflies.To help 　15　 the locals to sustain the monarch population， they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town， but it 　16　 a lot.To cover the expense， they set up a stand at the farmers market to sell their 　17　 milkweeds for people to plant.Although the fundraising days were 　18　， they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. 　　The team has won the Silver Award for their 　19　 of taking care of butterflies， but they are not 　20　 with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 　21　 to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony， their teacher Brian 　22　， “I am so proud of them for their constant 　23　.” 9.（　）A.dream　　　　　　B.hobby　　　 C.career　　　　　 D.decision 10.（　）A.doubled B.aged C.declined D.exploded 11.（　）A.management B.assessment C.selection D.destruction 12.（　）A.relied on B.kept off C.broke down D.gave away 13.（　）A.partly B.secretly C.rarely D.specially 14.（　）A.attracted B.protected C.monitored D.trapped 15.（　）A.employ B.educate C.force D.limit 16.（　）A.meant B.cost C.changed D.hurt 17.（　）A.dry B.medical C.healthy D.wild 18.（　）A.pleasing B.light C.long D.disappointing 19.（　）A.project B.concept C.schedule D.assignment 20.（　）A.concerned B.connected C.finished D.occupied 21.（　）A.chemicals B.time C.funds D.energy 22.（　）A.quoted B.continued C.replied D.commented 23.（　）A.donations B.support C.patience D.efforts Ⅲ.语法填空 　　（2025·安徽芜湖二模）In Fiji， an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean， communities employ unique waste management methods.Dry garbage is typically handled 24.　　　　　　 burning， while wet waste is placed in special compost bins （堆肥箱） where maggots （蛆） aid in breaking it down.During my community service class， I learned about this system but 25.　　　　　　 （unintentional） caused an embarrassing incident. 　　One day， I threw away a bag of wet waste into the compost bin， 26.　　　　　　 （forget） to remove the plastic bag first.Though realizing my mistake， I hesitated to reach into the bin 27.　　　　　　 the sight of the wriggling （蠕动的） maggots made me uncomfortable.I had intended 28.　　　　　　 （ask） a classmate to help the next day， but the thought slipped my mind.The following morning， the kitchen auntie discovered the plastic bag and posted in the community group， asking “Who did this？” I immediately admitted it was 29.　　　　　 （I） fault and explained the reason 30.　　　　　　 I couldn’t bring myself to reach inside.Laughter erupted， but the village elder 31.　　　　　　 （speak） highly of my honesty. 　　This experience taught an important lesson： environmental protection is a 32.　　　　　　 （share） duty， and every individual’s effort matters.More importantly， I learned that taking 33.　　　　　　 （responsible） for mistakes， no matter how small， earns respect and trust. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ UNIT 6　Earth first Ⅰ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国和丹麦的两个独立研究小组提出了从动物留下的空气中提取环境DNA这一研究想法来帮助拯救濒危物种，并取得了相同的结果。 1.B　推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，制作咖啡和过滤DNA有相同之处，所以文章提到制作咖啡是为了详细阐述用过滤器捕捉DNA这一研究想法是如何进行的。 2.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，the concept指代从空气来提取DNA这一研究想法。 3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，这种DNA采样的新方法可以收集可及范围内的特定DNA。 4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Clare说的话可推知，Clare认为这种研究方法是有希望的，即她呼吸着对未来研究充满希望的空气。 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冰岛韦斯特曼群岛的“海鹦幼鸟季”传统，阐述海鹦幼鸟迷路原因，还分析了海鹦数量减少的因素及保护的重要性。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句和第三段最后一句可知，韦斯特曼群岛的人们在海鹦幼鸟季通常会寻找海鹦幼鸟并将它们放归野外。 6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，许多海鹦迷路是因为它们被内陆的人造灯光误导了。 7.A　段落大意题。根据第四段中的While light pollution may be the most visible and easily blamed issue ...come together to threaten the population.可知，该段主要聚焦于导致海鹦数量减少的多种因素。 8.C　写作意图题。根据最后一段中Hansen所说内容可知，因为人类的保护，过去几年海鹦数量有所增加，但并不能放松。所以作者在最后一段中想传达的是“人类持续的积极干预是必不可少的”。 Ⅱ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。 9.B　由上文所提她们的爱好和下文的turned into a serious mission可知，for fun与hobby为同义转换。 10.C　由上文的the monarchs were an endangered species和下文的widespread use of chemicals及their main diet dangerous to eat可知，帝王蝶遭受化学物质的伤害，吃的食物有害，已经濒危，数量应该是减少的。 11.D　由上文和下文可得出，帝王蝶栖息地遭到破坏是其数量减少的原因之一。 12.A　由本句的the milkweeds （马利筋草） the monarchs 　12　for their main diet可知，该空为定语从句谓语，修饰先行词the milkweeds （马利筋草），此处意为帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物是马利筋草。 13.D　由下文的The garden grew organic milkweeds可知，这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，可得出是专门为帝王蝶设计的。 14.A　由上文可知，这个本土花园种植着帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，这会吸引帝王蝶。 15.B　由下文可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶。 16.B　呼应下文的To cover the expense和the fundraising days讲因花费很大而筹款一事。 17.C　由本句的sell their 　17　 milkweeds for people to plant和常识可知，卖给人种的马利筋草应该是健康的。 18.C　由下文可知，她们努力赚到了足够的钱，可得出筹款的日子应该很长。 19.A　呼应上文的So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group。 20.C　由下文的保证帝王蝶的安全环境可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未完成。 21.A　由上文可知，因化学物质的广泛使用帝王蝶的生存环境不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用。 22.D　由下文的I am so proud of them可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。 23.D　由上文语境可得出，老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。 Ⅲ. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在斐济参加社区服务课时，因不熟悉当地独特的垃圾处理方式而犯错，最终从这次经历中领悟到环保是共同责任，勇于为错误负责能赢得尊重和信任的故事。 24.by　考查介词。此空无提示词，空后为动词-ing形式，应用介词，表示“通过……方式”处理干垃圾。 25.unintentionally　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词caused，应用副词作状语。 26.forgetting　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词threw，所以使用非谓语动词，forget与主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。 27.because/as/since　考查状语从句。根据空前和空后的句意可知，上下文之间为因果关系。 28.to ask　考查非谓语动词。intend to do sth打算做某事。 29.my　考查代词。此处修饰名词fault，应用形容词性物主代词。 30.why　考查定语从句。此处引导的定语从句，先行词为the reason，关系词在定语从句中作原因状语。 31.spoke　考查动词时态。根据上文的谓语动词erupted可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 32.shared　考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词duty，duty与share之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。 33.responsibility　考查词形转换。 此处作动词taking的宾语，应用名词。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $