UNIT 1 A new start-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习教用Word（外研版）

该高中英语讲义围绕必修第一册Unit1，系统整合词汇（阅读、多义、核心及拓展词）、短语、句型（如be doing...when...、with复合结构）及写作（应用文、读后续写）等高考核心考点，按“基础清单—核心突破—真题应用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（单元知识清单）、方法指导（核心知识点练通与写美）、真题训练（高考语篇解析及课时检测）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破语法与写作难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，创新采用“词-句-篇”一体化训练，如核心知识点突破中，结合curious、apply等词的单句语法填空与微写作（申请信、邀请信），融入2025全国卷真题语境，强化考点应用。设置分层练习（一词多义、单句填空、写作升级），配合即时反馈，确保高效突破。为教师提供清晰复习框架，助力把控节奏，提升学生应考能力。

　　After graduating from senior high，I decided to explore China and make a contribution to cultural exchanges，while my brother argued that I should apply 1.to a university in the US．I stuck to my decision because I was curious about Chinese traditions and culture．In spite of my inner 2.eagerness （eager），I went all out 3.to improve （improve） my spoken Chinese before leaving for China．The moment I 4.arrived （arrive） at the university，I had butterflies in my stomach． However，not only the beautiful campus but the warm－hearted people left a deep impression on me within an hour．It was at that time that I 5.breathed （breathe） a sigh of relief．Despite 6.a busy schedule， I seized every opportunity to go to 7.various （vary） clubs like the photography club and drama club．I also toured the sights across the country，enjoying its magnificent views．Though life in a new place was full of 8.challenges （challenge）， I was confident that I could deal with pressure and difficulties．I figured that I would gain a pretty neat experience in China． 单元知识 必备清单 Ⅰ．阅读单词——我会认 1.engine n．　　发动机，引擎 2.insect n．　　昆虫 3.nudge n．　　（通常用肘）轻推 4.butterfly n．　　蝴蝶 5.badminton n．　　羽毛球 6.band n．　　乐队，乐团 7.gym n．　　体育馆，健身房 8.inner adj．　　（想法或情感）未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的 9.dinosaur n．　　恐龙 10.hint n．　　有益的建议 11.orientation n．　　（新工作或学习课程开始前一段时间的）培训，迎新 12.rainbow n．　　彩虹 13.skateboarding n．　　滑板运动 Ⅱ．多义单词——我会辨 1.senior adj．　　（地位、水平或级别）高的，高级的；年老的；年长的 n．　　较年长的人 2.facility n．　　设施；场所 3.stage n．　　舞台；阶段，时期 4.gain v．　　获得，赢得 n．　　好处；增加 5.view n．　　（一次）观看；观点，见解；视野；景色，风景 v．　　把……看作；观看，欣赏 6.sight n．看到，看见；景色；视力 7.figure v．　　认为，以为；弄清楚；计算 n．　　数字；图表；人物；身影；身材，体形 8.struggle v．　　奋斗，拼搏；努力 9.forward adv．　　向前 vt．　　促进；增进 10.exchange v．　　交流（信息、想法等）；交易；兑换 n．　　交换；交流 Ⅲ．核心单词——我会写 1.campus n．校园 2.moment n．　　某一时刻 3.author n．　　作者，作家 4.panic n．　　惊恐，惊慌 vi．& vt．　　（使）恐慌 5.calm adj．　　镇静的，沉着的 6.debate n．& v．　　讨论，辩论 7.piano n．　　钢琴 8.pm 　　下午 9.topic n．　　话题，论题 10.schedule n．　　计划表，进度表，日程表 v．　　安排；预定 11.award n．　　奖，奖赏 vt．　　授予；给予 12.opportunity n．　　机会，时机 13.former adj．　　从前的 14.neat adj．　　好的，令人愉快的；干净的；整洁的 15.journal n．　　日记，日志 16.junior adj．　　低年级的 Ⅳ．拓展词汇——我会拓 1.curious adj．好奇的；求知欲强的；奇特；稀奇古怪→curiously adv．好奇地；奇怪地→curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲；珍品；奇物 2.impression n．印象，感想；压痕→impress vt．使钦佩；给……留下深刻印象；使意识到（重要性或严重性等） vi．留下印象；引人注目→impressive adj．令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的→impressively adv．令人钦佩地；给人深刻印象地 3.tradition n．传统→traditional adj．传统的→traditionally adv．传统上 4.eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj．热切的，渴望的→eagerly adv．热切地，渴望地 5.explore v．考察，探险；探究→explorer n．探索者；勘探者→exploration n．探索；勘探；探究 6.collection n． （一批）收藏品；作品集，收集物→collect v．收集；收藏；聚集；积累；募捐；领取，接某人→collector n．收集者；收藏家→collective adj．集体的；共有的；总体的 7.organise vt．组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi．组建；成立→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织；团体；机构→organisational adj．组织方面的（能力、方法等）→organised adj．有条理的；有组织的→disorganised adj．杂乱无章的 8.breathe vi．& vt．呼吸 vt．呼出；低声说→breath n．呼吸；微量；迹象→breathless adj．气喘吁吁的，喘不上气来的→breathlessly adv．气喘吁吁地 9.challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务；（比赛等的）邀请；质询；质疑 vt．怀疑；向……挑战；考查……的能力；盘问；查问→challenger n．挑战者→challenging adj．有挑战性的；挑衅的→challenged adj．受到挑战的；有残疾的 10.pressure n．压力 vt．逼迫→press vt．压，按，挤，推；将……塞进；催促；敦促 n．报刊；印刷媒体；新闻界→pressing adj．紧急的；急迫的 11.description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe vt．描述；形容→descriptive adj．描述性的；叙述的 12.confident adj．有信心的，自信的→confidently adv．有信心地，自信地→confidence n．信心；自信；秘密，机密 13.drama n．戏剧→dramatic adj．巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧（般）的→dramatically adv．戏剧性地；剧烈地→dramatist n．剧作家；编剧 14.photography n．摄影→photograph n．照片 vt．拍照→photographer n．摄影师；拍照者 15.argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论；争吵→arguable adj．可论证的→arguably adv．可论证地；按理 16.sharp adj．敏锐的，聪明的；（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；突然转向的；尖锐的，犀利的→sharply adv．敏锐地；急剧地；严厉地→sharpen vt．削尖；（使）变得锋利；加强；（使）提高；改善 17.intelligent adj．有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．智慧；智力 18.investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查→investigator n．调查者 19.various adj．各种各样的，各种不同的→vary vi．相异；多变；改变→variety n．多样化，变化→varied adj．多变的→variation n．变化，变更，变异 20.volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者v．自愿做；义务做；无偿做→voluntary adj．志愿的，义务的→voluntarily adv．自愿地；无偿地；义务地 21.apply v．申请 vt．应用；使用；涂；敷→application n．申请（表）；用途；运用；应用（程序）→applicant n．申请人 22.subscribe vi．订阅（报纸或杂志）；定期交纳（会费）→subscription n．订阅；会员费→subscriber n．订户；订阅者 23.graduate v．毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 24.fright n．惊吓；恐怖的经历→frighten vt．使害怕→frightened adj．受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj．令人害怕的 25.select v．挑选，选择→selection n．选择→selective adj．选择性的；认真挑选的 26.particular n．细节，详情 adj．特定的，特指的；特别的；讲究的→particularly adv．特别地 27.specific adj．具体的，特定的→specifically adv．具体地；特定地 28.refer v．参考，查阅；提到，谈到→referred/referred（过去式/过去分词）→reference n．参考；查阅 29.memorise vt．记住，熟记→memory n．记忆力；回忆；记忆→memorable adj．难忘的；值得记忆的 30.improve v．改善，改进→improved adj．已改善的；有改进的→improvement n．改善；改进；提高 31.rate v．对……作评估；评价 n．速度；（比）率 vt．划分等级→rating n．等级；级别→underrated adj．被低估的 32.perform vi．& vt．表现；表演；履行；执行 vi．工作，运转；表现（好/不好）→performer n．表演者；演员→performance n．（工作或活动中的）表现；表演；演技 Ⅴ．重点短语——我会记 1.depend on　　依靠；取决于 2.make a（n） ．．．impression on sb 　　给某人留下……的印象 3.refer to 　　参考，查阅 4.graduate from 　　毕业于 5.make the most of 　　充分利用 6.look forward to　　（兴奋地）期待，盼望 7.look back on 　　回顾，回忆 8.stay/keep/remain calm　　保持镇静 9.around the corner 　　即将来临 10.for sure 　　肯定地；确切地 11.go all out 　　全力以赴，竭尽全力 12.in particular 　　尤其，特别 13.butterflies in one’s stomach 　　情绪紧张，心里发慌 14.after－school activities 　　课外活动 15.keep an open mind 　　保持开放的心态 Ⅵ．单元佳句——我会用 1.I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me．（be doing ．．．when ．．．正在做……这时……） 我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。 2.With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply．（with复合结构作状语） 由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。 3.It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students．（动词不定式短语作后置定语） 这是新生了解学校和认识同学的绝佳机会。 4.If so， how did you deal with them？（if省略句） 如果是这样的话，你是怎样应对的呢？ 5.Looking back on my high school life，the most important advice I’d give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou．（非谓语动词短语作状语） 回顾高中生活，我能给大家的最重要的建议就是作家玛雅•安吉罗的一句精彩名言。 高考高分 提升密码 Ⅰ．高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法 构词法 动词词缀－ise/－ize表示“使成……状态”“使……化” 写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义 1.（2025•全国一卷）As the world races to decarbonize everything， it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy－related greenhouse gas emissions． 　v．使（环境，进程）碳减排 2.（2024•1月浙江卷）She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist．　v．记住 3.（2024•新课标Ⅱ卷）Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience．　v．使最小化 4.（2023•新课标Ⅰ卷）This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors， those errors aren’t always the same．　v．利用 Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考 1.ad （=advertisement） n．广告 ①print advertisement平面广告 ②advertisement campaign　　广告宣传活动 ③misleading advertisement　　误导性广告 （2025•八省联考）Hearing a letter drop through the mailbox is much more exciting than getting an email， even though it’s usually a bill or advertisement in my case． 听到信件滑入信箱的声音，比收到电子邮件更令人兴奋——尽管在我这里，那通常只是一张账单或一则广告。 2.alert adj．警惕的；注意到的 vt．使警惕；使认识到 n．警报；戒备 ①a security alert安全警报 ②red alert　　红色警报 ③stay alert to　　对……保持警惕 Hikers are advised to stay alert to potential dangers such as wild animals and sudden weather changes during their trip． 建议徒步旅行者在行程中对野生动物和突发天气变化等潜在危险保持警觉。 3.AI （=Artificial Intelligence） 人工智能 ①AI ethics　　人工智能伦理 ②AI－driven　　人工智能驱动的 AI has been widely applied in medical diagnosis to improve the accuracy of disease detection， especially in early－stage cancer screening． 人工智能已广泛应用于医疗诊断，以提高疾病检测的准确性，尤其在癌症早期筛查中。 核心知识 点面突破 curious adj．好奇的 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2025•全国二卷）As I spoke， I noticed the rapt attention of my classmates， their eyes reflecting curiosity （curious） and respect． ②If you are curious to gain （gain） a deep insight into the history of the tradition， you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity!　（邀请信） 写美 微写作 ③这个交互式虚拟现实科学实验室让学生探索宇宙，从而激发他们对天文学的好奇心。　（活动介绍） The interactive UR science lab allows students to explore the universe， thereby arousing their curiosity about astronomy． （1）be/become curious about对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth 　　想做某事 It is curious that ．．． 　　……真奇怪/很反常 （2）curiosity n．　　好奇；好奇心 out of curiosity　　出于好奇 with curiosity　　好奇地 arouse/satisfy one’s curiosity　　激起/满足某人的好奇心 （3）curiously adv．　　好奇地 佳句 ①Out of curiosity， we crept into the dark cave，where a snake panicked us into screaming．出于好奇，我们悄悄走进了那座黑暗的洞穴，结果一条蛇吓得我们尖叫起来。 ②Jane turned to the boys， wide－eyed， curious to see what was going on． 简转向男孩子们，睁大了眼睛，好奇地想看看发生了什么事。 impression n．印象，感想 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2025•全国二卷）Since setting out on the journey， the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive （impress） set of muscles， but also a huge following on social media． ②My father impressed the value of hard work on/upon me，which has been benefiting me over years． 写美 微写作 ③在求职面试中留下良好的第一印象尤为重要。　（建议信） It is especially important to make a good first impression at a job interview． （1）leave/make a（n） ．．． impression on sb 给某人留下……的印象 （2）impress v．　　使印象深刻；使铭记；使意识到 impress sth on/upon sb/impress sb with sth 　使某人铭记某事/给某人留下……的印象 be impressed by/with ．．．　对……印象深刻 （3）impressive adj．　　令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 佳句 I figure that we will be impressed with your awesome lecture，which will stimulate our interest in western literary works．　（2024•1月上海卷） 我认为您精彩的讲座会给我们留下深刻的印象，激发我们对西方文学作品的兴趣。 apply v．申请；涂，敷；努力，使专注于；运用；适用 练通 单句语法填空 ①（2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application （apply）．．． ②（2024•1月浙江卷）Perhaps I should apply this mind trick to other challenges， and maybe I can conquer them as well． ③The job posting specifies that the candidate must have at least three years of experience， which applies to you as well． 写美 微写作 ④我写信申请这个志愿工作，我认为我能够胜任该工作。　（申请信） I’m writing to apply for the voluntary job， which I think I am qualified for． （1）apply to ．．．向……申请；适用于…… apply ．．．to ．．．　　将……应用于……； 把……涂在…… apply oneself to　　致力于，专心从事于（to是介词） apply for ．．．　　申请…… （2）application n．　　申请；应用，运用；应用程序 applicant n．　　申请者 佳句Seeing my hand had been burned， John fetched some medicine， applied it to the wound with care and rushed me to the hospital．　（动作链） 约翰看到我的手被烧伤了，拿了一些药，小心地涂在伤口上，然后赶紧把我送到医院。 联想 －ant名词后缀，表示人 accountant 会计assistant 助手 inhabitant 居民　　participant 参与者 refer （referred；referred；referring） v．参考，查阅；提到，谈到；指 练通 单句语法填空 ①Determined to find a cure for malaria，Tu Youyou referred （refer） to numerous ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine． ②People who work in offices are usually referred to as “white collar workers”． 写美 微写作 ③我写信是想询问关于哪些中国文化元素最吸引外国人的信息。　（询问信） I am writing to ask for information in/with reference to which Chinese cultural elements appeal to foreigners most． （1）refer to参考；查阅；提到，谈到；指的是 refer to ．．． as ．．．　　把……称作…… （2）reference n．　　提及；参考；查阅 in/with reference to　　关于 佳句 It is recommended to refer to Xinhua Dictionary when you come across a challenging Chinese character．　（建议信） 当你遇到一个有挑战性的汉字时，建议你查阅《新华字典》。 点津 refer to表示“查阅”时，后接词典、参考书等；而look up表示“查阅”时，后接要查阅的具体内容。 exchange v．交流（信息、想法等）；交易；兑换 n．交换；交流 练通 单句语法填空 ①After reading some English classics，we will exchange ideas about what we have read with our partners． 写美 微写作 ②我真诚地邀请所有的交换生参加这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动，比如听讲座和练习中国书法。　（邀请信） I sincerely invite all the exchange students to join the club，which will organise various activities，such as listening to lectures and practicing Chinese calligraphy． （1）exchange A for B用A来换取B exchange sth with sb　　和某人交换某物 （2）in exchange for　　作为对……的交换 exchange students　　交换生 佳句 I suggest that we should promote cultural exchange．By sharing our cultures and learning from each other， we can build a more harmonious global community． 我建议我们应促进文化交流。通过分享各自的文化并相互学习，我们能够构建一个更加和谐的全球社会。 句型公式：be doing sth when ．．．正在做某事，这时…… 教材原句：I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me． 我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。 写美 微写作/一句多译 ①切特正在擦拭柜台，突然前门被撞开了。 Chet was wiping down the counter when the front door banged open． ②他正要回答，突然脸色刷地变白了——他一跃而起，奔向窗口。　（动作描写） →He was about to answer when the color suddenly drained from his face — he leapt to his feet and ran to the window． →He was on the point of answering when the color suddenly drained from his face — he leapt to his feet and ran to the window． （1）在“was/were doing ．．． when ．．．”句式中，when用作并列连词，相当于and then或and just at that time。 （2）其他结构相似的句式还有： ①be about to do ．．．when ．．．/be on the point of doing ．．．when ．．．　正要做……，这时…… ②had （just） done ．．．when ．．． 　刚做完……，这时…… 佳句 Mother had just woken up when she smelt an inviting smell of food． 妈妈刚睡醒，就闻到一股诱人的食物香味。 句型公式： with复合结构 教材原句：With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply．由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。 写美 微写作/句式升级 ①他完成了所有的准备工作，高兴地跳了起来，眼里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。　（心理描写） With all the preparations made，he jumped with joy， his eyes glittering with excitement． ②Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms and tears of shame and embarrassment welled up in his eyes． →Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms， with tears of shame and embarrassment welling up in his eyes．（with复合结构） with复合结构可在句中作状语和定语，具体用法如下： （1）with＋宾语＋to do（表示将来的动作） （2）with＋宾语＋doing（表示主动或进行） （3）with＋宾语＋done（表示被动或完成） （4）with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词 佳句 With the bright moon up in the sky，we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits，sharing our stories． 　（节日庆祝） 皓月当空，我们围坐在一起，吃着月饼和水果，分享我们的故事。 高效迁移 微点练全 一词多义/熟词生义 1.sharp adj．敏锐的，聪明的；（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；突然转向的；尖锐的，犀利的 ①He exposed his sharp teeth，glaring at us as he ran forward．　adj．锋利的 ②Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking，planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age．　adj．敏锐的，聪明的 ③Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town．　adj．（增长、下跌等）急剧的 ④The car made a sharp turn to the left．　adj．突然转向的 ⑤（2023•全国甲卷）The Socrates Express is a fun， sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire， loneliness， and aging．　adj．尖锐的，犀利的 2.Every particular，every flavor， every tear all drop into laughter．　n．细节 3.In the early stages， I lacked confidence and a sense of authority．　n．阶段 4.Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures， which lead to lower success rates．　n．率，比率 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.Some students gathered at the school gate，curious to explore （explore） the campus． 2.As far as the author is concerned，it’s no use arguing with his wife about/over the question for she is so stubborn． 3.Believe it or not， the band I referred （refer） to just now is famous at home and abroad． 4.冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面，转过身来，脸上挂着灿烂的笑容看着我。 Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus， turned around， and looked at me with a big smile on his face． 5.一个小孩和一个男人正在海滩上散步，这时小孩突然发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在了耳边。 A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear． 单句语法填空/完成句子 1.Science is my most challenging （challenge） subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments． 2.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”， which contains a list of things， people， ideas， or descriptions （describe） that develop a particular theme． 3.Though my cousin is junior to me，his academic performance is superior to mine a lot． 4.野狼的嚎叫吓得我尖叫起来。　（情绪描写） The roar of the wild wolf panicked me into screaming． 5.你真正应该做的是找出你考试不及格的原因。　（建议信） What you really need to do is to figure out the reason why you fail in the exam． 　应用文增分练——学习新技能 　　（2023•全国乙卷改编）学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 　　（1）简要描述； 　　（2）体验和感受。 第一步　根据单元知识写美句 1.我觉得烹饪对我高中毕业后独立生活很重要。 所以暑假期间我向妈妈学习烹饪。（figure， graduate） I figure cooking is important for me to live independently after graduating from senior high． So I learned cooking from my mother during the summer vacation． 2.早上妈妈带我去了附近的市场。我们一到市场，各种各样的蔬菜就映入眼帘。（moment， various， sight） In the morning my mother led me to the nearby market． The moment we got to the market， various vegetables came into sight． 3.妈妈教我如何选择新鲜的蔬菜。当我们回家后，我仔细地把它们逐一洗净切好。（select， one by one） My mother taught me how to select fresh ones． When we got back home， I washed and cut them carefully one by one． 4.然后我打开煤气灶，在妈妈的指导下开始做饭。 Then I turned on the gas cooker and started to cook dishes under my mother’s guidance． 5.我忐忑不安，并把菜肴放在桌子上。我所有的家人都尝了尝，并给它们打了分。 （with复合结构， rate） With butterflies in my stomach， I put the dishes on the table． All my family members had a taste and rated them． 6.妈妈还告诉了我改进菜肴的窍门。 （hint， improve） My mother also gave me hints on how to improve the dishes． 7.学习烹饪确实是一项挑战，但我期待着未来学会做更多的菜。（challenge， look forward to） Learning to cook is really a challenge， but I am looking forward to learning to cook more dishes in the future． 第二步　连句成篇创佳作 　　把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。 Learning a New Skill 　　I figure cooking is important for me to live independently after graduating from senior high． So I learned cooking from my mother during the summer vacation． 　　In the morning my mother led me to the nearby market． The moment we got to the market， various vegetables came into sight． My mother taught me how to select fresh ones． When we got back home， I washed and cut them carefully one by one． Then I turned on the gas cooker and started to cook dishes under my mother’s guidance． With butterflies in my stomach， I put the dishes on the table． All my family members had a taste and rated them． My mother also gave me hints on how to improve the dishes． 　　Learning to cook is really a challenge， but I am looking forward to learning to cook more dishes in the future． 　读后续写微技能——缓解数学课上内心的恐惧 积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接 佳句积累 动作链描写：I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school． 情感描写：1.When my English teacher stepped into the classroom， I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier． 2.With butterflies in my stomach， I breathed deeply． 3.I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 拟物手法：I tried to turn on my brain but the engine just wouldn’t start． 结尾升华：So， give your friends a hand when they need it．And this will make you feel good， too． 拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石 情感描写：恐惧、惊恐（一） 靓点语块 1.be seized with panic 惊慌失措 2.let out a scream of terror 发出惊恐的尖叫 3.make one’s hair stand on end 使某人毛骨悚然 4.have one’s heart in one’s mouth 提心吊胆，吓得要命 5.heart races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear 因恐惧而心脏狂跳 出彩表达 1.She was struck with fear at the thought of the accident．一想到那场事故她就感到害怕。 2.A flood of terror welled up in him．（无灵主语句）他心中涌起一阵恐惧。 3.So frightened was he that he didn’t dare to move an inch．（倒装句） 他如此害怕，以至于不敢移动一步。 4.Her heart racing violently with terror， she felt her legs turning to jelly．（独立主格；feel＋宾语＋宾语补足语） 她吓得心跳加速，感到双腿发软。 5.He was overcome with terror as he realized he was lost in the wilderness． 当他意识到自己迷失在荒野中时，他恐惧极了。 6.Scared and nervous， he let out a scream of terror，with tears streaming down his cheeks uncontrollably．（形容词短语作状语；with复合结构） 他既害怕又紧张，发出一声惊恐的尖叫，眼泪不受控制地顺着脸颊流下来。 重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升 　　场景导入：“我”怀着忐忑不安的心情开始了“我”高中的第一节数学课。起初，“我”非常害怕被点名回答问题，以至于低下了头。但幸运的是，老师友好的微笑缓解了“我”内心的恐惧。 　　1.With butterflies in my stomach （我怀着忐忑不安的心情；with复合结构），I dragged my feet stepping into the first maths class in senior high and sat in the front row of the classroom．I 2.was imagining what the maths class would be like when （正想着要上的数学课会是怎样的，这时；be doing sth when ．．．） my maths teacher， a white－haired man， strode in．After he introduced himself，he asked us some questions.3.So terrified of being called on to answer questions was I that I lowered my head （我非常害怕被点名回答问题以至于低下了头；倒装句）．But things didn’t go as I had wished.4.Scared/Frightened and nervous （既害怕又紧张；形容词短语作状语），I shook all over and was on pins and needles.5.My heart in my mouth （我提心吊胆；独立主格），I struggled to stand up．Luckily，my teacher’s nice smile eased my inner terror．During the second half of the class， I became more confident and could keep calm，6.swearing in my heart that I would go all out to study （我心里暗自发誓一定尽全力去学习；动词－ing短语作状语）． 　　（2025•全国一卷，阅读B）In my ninth－grade writing class last year， I met a cowboy who saved his town， a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s， and a modern－day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life．More than once， I found myself wondering just how my students， who’d created these people， knew their subjects so well． 　　But things were different for their first essay， which was about the question：“Why is writing important？” Most of the essays filled less than one page， and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis （论点） statement．I was shocked．Then I realized that the problem was the question itself．They could have written pages on the necessity of computers， but writing， in and of itself， simply didn’t strike them as important．This would have to change． 　　As a new unit started， I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health－related topic of their choice．This time they found the exercise much more interesting．For the next two assignments， a personal－narrative unit followed by a creative－writing workshop， I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre （体裁） and that it contain a thesis．The results were staggering．The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories， 10 to 20 pages each， with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart． 　　I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication．However， my students demonstrated something more important to me．When the final bell rang in June， I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people， to put us in another’s skin， to teach us what it means to be human． 做真题——感悟命题角度 24.Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1？（　　） A．Ninth graders． B．Students’ parents． C．Modern writers． D．Fictional characters． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的a cowboy ．．．a modern－day Juliet以及my students， who’d created these people可推知，这些人物都是学生在写作中创作的角色，即虚构人物。 25.Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay？（　　） A．They were not given enough time． B．They had a very limited vocabulary． C．They misunderstood the question． D．They had little interest in the topic． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句中的writing， in and of itself， simply didn’t strike them as important可知，学生认为写作本身不重要。再结合第三段中的This time they found the exercise much more interesting．可推断出，学生的第一篇文章写得不好是缺乏写作兴趣导致表现不佳。 26.What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean？（　　） A．Mixed．　 B．Amazing． C．Similar．　 D．Disturbing． 解析：B　词义猜测题。根据第三段末句可知，学生提交的长篇故事质量极高且情感动人。由此推断，画线词staggering意为“令人惊叹的”。 27.What does the author’s experience show？（　　） A．Teaching is learning．　　 B．Still waters run deep． C．Knowledge is power．　　 D．Practice makes perfect． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章内容尤其是最后一段前两句可知，文章讲述了教师认知转变的过程。由此推断，作者是通过教学实践获得对写作本质的新认知，体现了“教学相长”。 理脉络——构建篇章思维 再利用——拓宽词句积累 （一）由文本积阅读词汇 1.interpret v．　　　　解读 2.thesis n．　　论点 （课标外词汇） 3.narrative n．　　叙事 adj．　　叙述的 （课标外词汇） 4.demonstrate v．　　证明 5.significance n．　　重要性 （课标外词汇） 6.fictional adj．　　虚构的 （课标外词汇） 7.in and of itself 　　本身，本质上 8.strike sb as 　　给某人留下……印象 9.walk away with 　　轻松收获 10.put us in another’s skin 　　设身处地，换位思考 （二）由文本积派生（合成）词汇 1.modern－day adj．［合成词］ 现代的 （modern＋day） 2.heartbreak n．［合成词］ 心碎 （heart＋break） 3.persuasive adj．［派生词］ 有说服力的 （persuade去掉de＋－sive） 4.workshop n．［合成词］ 工作坊 （work＋shop） 5.specification n．［派生词］ 规范 （specify变y为i＋－cation） 6.broaden v．［派生词］ 拓宽 （broad＋－en） （三）由文本知变式运用 1.subject ［熟义］ n．科目→［生义］ n．写作对象；表现对象；接受试验者（第一段最后一句） 2.strike ［熟义］ v．打击；罢工；撞击→［生义］ v．给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得（第二段倒数第二句） 3.skin ［熟义］ n．皮肤→［生义］ n．外壳；皮囊 （最后一段最后一句） 4.still ［熟义］ adv．仍然→［生义］ adj．平静的；静止的 （27题选项B） （四）由文本探析长难句 1.In my ninth－grade writing class last year， I met a cowboy who saved his town， a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s， and a modern－day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life． 分析：本句为主从复合句。主句主干是主谓宾结构“I met ．．．”；“a cowboy ．．．”“a strict father ．．．”和“a modern－day Juliet ．．．”为三个并列宾语，且每个都有一个who引导的定语从句，分别说明三个人物的特征或经历。可简单概括为：我遇到了各种各样的人。 译文：在我去年九年级的写作课上，我遇见了三位虚构人物：一位拯救了家乡的牛仔，一位要求儿子全优的严父，以及一位因父母反对她的爱情心碎而亡的现代版朱丽叶。 2.When the final bell rang in June， I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people， to put us in another’s skin， to teach us what it means to be human． 分析：本句为主从复合句。full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰yearbook；破折号后内容是对significance的进一步解释说明；三个并列动词不定式短语“to connect people”“to put us in another’s skin”“to teach us what it means to be human”是the ability的后置定语；what it means to be human为宾语从句。 译文：当六月的最后一遍下课铃响起时，我带着一本写满留言的年鉴离开了教室，这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义——连接人心的能力，让我们设身处地，教会我们何以为人。 Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 　　（2026•安徽合肥一中模拟）Public Speaking is designed to improve your understanding of the communication process and develop your skills as a public speaker as well as a critic of public speech． 　　Assignments 　　Throughout the course， you will deliver four prepared speeches of increasing length and complexity． You will prepare an outline for each speech． You will also write two short papers that analyze various aspects of oral presentation and rhetoric． 　　Speech to introduce： Introduce yourself in 2 minutes． The goal is for your audience to remember your name and learn something about you． 　　Speech to teach： The 4－minute speech will teach your audience about an idea or how to do something． The emphasis is on organization as well as on establishing common ground and credibility． 　　Speech to initiate an action： You have 6 minutes to persuade your audience to take a specific action． The focus is on motivation and follow－through． 　　Speech to change an attitude： You have 8－10 minutes to change your audience’s attitudes to a topic that you will have pre－tested for agreement or disagreement． The emphasis is on argumentation， credibility and persuasion． 　　Interviews： You will receive in－class coaching on how to persuasively communicate your skills in a job interview． 　　Analysis of a famous speech： Write an essay that analyzes the rhetorical strategies used in a famous speech of your choosing． 　　Self－assessment： The purpose of this written assignment is to assess your work in the course． 　　Grading 　　Oral presentations and written components： 90% 　　*Speech to introduce （5%） 　　*Speech to teach （10%） 　　*Speech to initiate an action （20%） 　　*Speech to change an attitude （30%） 　　*Analysis of a famous speech （20%） 　　*Self－evaluation （5%） 　　Class participation： 10% 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Public Speaking这项课程的教学目标、教学内容以及考核方法。 1.Which assignment stresses motivation and follow－through？（　　） A．Speech to teach． B．Speech to initiate an action． C．Speech to introduce． D．Speech to change an attitude． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Assignments部分中的Speech to initiate an action可知，这个任务强调动机和坚持到底。 2.How much does written work account for？（　　） A.25%．　　B.30%． C.35%．　　D.55%． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据Assignments部分最后两段以及Grading部分中的Analysis of a famous speech （20%）、Self－evaluation （5%）可知，书面工作占25%。 3.Where is this text probably taken from？（　　） A．An academic article． B．A lesson plan． C．A speech announcement． D．A course guide． 解析：D　推理判断题。纵观全文尤其是第一段可知，本文主要介绍了Public Speaking这项课程的教学目标、教学内容以及考核方法，所以最有可能出自选课指南。 B 　　（2026•山东青岛、淄博二模）In spring 2017， Avila Pinedo and her classmates from Garey High School founded the school’s first invention club． Noticing their low－income community’s high diabetes （糖尿病） rate and insufficient healthcare access， the team planned to invent a toenail－cutting tool for diabetic patients． Surprisingly， after submitting the idea to Lemelson－Massachusetts Institute of Technology （Lemelson－MIT）， the Garey High group was awarded one of the 15 InvenTeams for 2017－2018. 　　Yet subsequently， the teens questioned their proposed invention due to sharp－tool risks． Concerned about the new direction， they approached the Lemelson－MIT Program for advice， where Leigh Estabrooks， a seasoned academic， encouraged them， “Invention advances； changes and adjustments are common — that’s the process．” Despite the change in plans， Estabrooks praised the community－centered approach． 　　With renewed determination， the team resolved to develop a tool to monitor blood oxygen levels in diabetics’ feet． This shift was essential and demanded considerable effort． Avila Pinedo recalled the team invested every spare moment in research． 　　Each team member performed specific functions in the process． Avila Pinedo led the development of the sensor （传感器） that measured blood oxygen levels． Lacking prior technical skills， Avila Pinedo determined to employ online resources to acquire how to build the electrical system and finally built the sensor． “Invention offers a chance to explore the boundaries of your creativity and capabilities and unlock the power of the invention mindset． It doesn’t mean you must know how to build a sensor， but you do need to take responsibility for your own education，” Pinedo said． Ultimately， under the team’s cooperation， their invention， named Heart and Sole， became a reality． 　　The experience lit Avila Pinedo’s passion， inspiring her to serve as an advisor to primary pupils recently． Guiding them through hands－on engineering and programming for a STEM initiative， she said， Invention is transformational， witnessing its empowering influence on InvenTeamers and others who realize that applying imagination and concepts can unlock fresh prospects， therefore motivating them to further explore education with the belief that invention is accessible to all． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生Avila Pinedo和她的同学成立发明俱乐部，最初计划为糖尿病患者设计剪脚趾甲工具，后因风险调整方向，最终开发监测足部血氧水平的设备，并强调了发明对个人和社区的影响。 4.What motivated the club’s invention？（　　） A．Expectation from Garey High School． B．Community health issues． C．Regional income inequality． D．Requirements from InvenTeams． 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Noticing their low－income ．．．for diabetic patients．可知，是社区的健康问题激发了俱乐部的发明。 5.Which of the following would Estabrooks agree concerning invention？（　　） A．Redesigns are natural． B．Original plans are the key． C．Instructions determine success． D．Academic support counts． 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Concerned about the new direction ．．． “Invention advances； changes and adjustments are common — that’s the process．”可知，Estabrooks认为发明过程中变化和调整是很常见的，所以会同意重新设计是很自然的。 6.What contributed to Avila Pinedo’s success in developing the sensor？（　　） A．Constant trials．B．Self－directed learning． C．Financial backing．　 D．Risk－taking mindset． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Lacking prior technical skills， Avila Pinedo ．．．and finally built the sensor．可知，Avila Pinedo利用在线资源来获取如何构建电气系统，并最终构建了传感器，也就是通过自主学习获得成功。 7.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　） A．To introduce Avila Pinedo’s future plan． B．To show the prospect of Heart and Sole． C．To acknowledge the InvenTeam’s devotion． D．To stress the nature and impact of invention． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Invention is transformational， witnessing its empowering influence on ．．． is accessible to all．可推知，本段目的是强调发明的本质和影响。 C 　　（2026•河北保定示范高中三模）University students have taken to artificial intelligence （AI） in the same way that an anxious new driver with a traditional road map might take to GPS． A survey of UK undergraduates by the Higher Education Policy Institute shows 92% of them are using AI in their schoolwork this year compared with 66% last year． 　　What should we do？ At first， I suggested that teachers should face the reality and try to guide their students to use AI wisely． For example， I asked teachers to give their students AI－written essays and tell the students to improve them， as well as to identify and correct their mistakes． But like many pleasingly neat solutions to complex problems， mine turns out to be a terrible idea． 　　Maria Abreu， a professor of economic geography at Cambridge University， told me her department had experimented along these lines． But when they gave undergraduates an AI text and asked them to improve it， the results were disappointing． “The improvements were very cosmetic and they didn’t change the structure of the arguments，” she said． “Master students did better， perhaps because they have already had the ability to think critically and structure arguments． The worry is that if we don’t train them to do their own thinking， they are not going to develop that ability at all．” 　　Michael Veale， who is an expert on technology policy， even sees AI as a threat to the learning process because it offers a short－cut to students who are pressed for time and anxious to get good marks． “Our role is to warn them that these short－cuts may limit their potential． We want them to use the best tools for the job in the workplace when the time comes， but that time isn’t always at the beginning，” he says． 　　The two teachers agree that a focus on maintaining foundational skills in critical thinking， information gathering and problem－solving would help students avoid relying too much on AI in the future． 　　“In other words， to use the short－cut effectively rather than mindlessly， students need to know how to do it without the short－cut，” Michael Veale explains． 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学生利用人工智能学习的现象，认为在学生利用人工智能工具做作业前需要练好基本功。 8.What does the author want to show by mentioning a new driver？（　　） A．The potential of traditional maps． B．Students’ strong desire to use AI tools． C．The possibility of popularizing AI tools． D．Problems with traditional teaching methods． 解析：B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者将大学生对人工智能的接受程度与新手司机对GPS的依赖程度进行了类比，强调了学生对使用人工智能工具的强烈愿望。 9.What did the author suggest teachers do？（　　） A．Encourage students to edit AI－written essays． B．Simplify the structure of complex arguments． C．Ask students to write the essays on their own． D．Guide the students to mark their work with AI． 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知，作者建议教师让学生编辑人工智能写的文章。 10.How might Maria Abreu feel about the use of AI tools in middle schools？（　　） A．Satisfied．　 B．Excited． C．Unconcerned．　 D．Skeptical． 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可以推知，Maria Abreu对人工智能工具在中学（低年级）的使用持怀疑态度。 11.What message does the author seem to convey in the text？（　　） A．Ban AI tools from educational institutions． B．Guide students to use AI as early as possible． C．Try to urge students to learn the basic skills first． D．Let students use AI tools when they are pressed for time． 解析：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者想传达的信息是督促学生先学习基本功能。 Ⅱ．阅读七选五 　　In today’s fast－paced society， the importance of time management is undeniable． Everyone strives to learn and work more efficiently within the limited time they have． 12.　　 Here’re some tips! 　　When you’re busy， every moment in the day is precious． 13.　　 When you’re taking the bus or you’re waiting for a lecture， you can get something done． Do some research for an important project and pin some online resources． Read part of the studying material you need to cover for the tests． 　　Make to－do lists every single day! Write a monthly plan and include all tests， papers and courses you need to cover． Then， translate that plan into weekly goals and create daily to－do lists that help you achieve them． 14.　　 Start with the most important one． Use different colors to indicate the importance of the tasks on your list and act accordingly． If you have to postpone some of the tasks， you’ll be relieved you’re doing that with the less important ones． 　　If you find yourself struggling with the amount of work you have， talk to your professors immediately． American professors have office hours when students can come to ask questions and get help． They want you to succeed， so ask for help! There are also many campus resources that you can use， such as tutors and the writing center． 15.　　 　　Learn how to say no． You always enjoy hanging out with your friends， but sometimes that’s not possible． 16.　　 It’s okay to say no． You have your life in front of you； you can still hang out with them． At this moment， it’s important to do what’s right． A．Have your tablet with you at all times． B．Have too many tasks on your to－do list？ C．Never hesitate to get help when needed． D．But how can this be achieved in universities？ E．But why should we care about efficiency at all？ F．Maybe you have a paper to write or you’re simply too tired． G．With your own effort， you will find tasks are easier to finish． 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就大学如何更高效地管理时间提出了一些建议。 12.D　根据下文主要介绍了在大学如何有效学习的建议可知，D项符合语境。 13.A　根据上文When you’re busy， every moment in the day is precious．及下文提到在线资源可知，本句主要说明获取在线资源的方式。故A项（随时带着平板电脑）符合语境。 14.B　根据上文Make to－do lists every single day!以及下文Start with the most important one．可知，下文提到了如何开始完成任务，本句为过渡句，引出如何完成任务的问题。故B项符合语境。 15.C　根据上文可知，本段主要建议及时求助，C项中的get help对应上文中的ask for help。故C项（需要帮助时，不要犹豫）符合语境。 16.F　根据上文可知，本句承接上文，说明不能和朋友出去玩的原因。故F项符合语境。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $