UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE-【优学精研】2027年高考英语一轮总复习学用Word(北师大版)
2026-06-21
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教辅
资源信息
| 学段 | 高中 |
| 学科 | 英语 |
| 教材版本 | - |
| 年级 | 高三 |
| 章节 | - |
| 类型 | 学案 |
| 知识点 | - |
| 使用场景 | 高考复习-一轮复习 |
| 学年 | 2027-2028 |
| 地区(省份) | 全国 |
| 地区(市) | - |
| 地区(区县) | - |
| 文件格式 | ZIP |
| 文件大小 | 829 KB |
| 发布时间 | 2026-06-21 |
| 更新时间 | 2026-06-21 |
| 作者 | 拾光树文化 |
| 品牌系列 | 优学精研·高考一轮总复习 |
| 审核时间 | 2026-06-21 |
| 下载链接 | https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58432422.html |
| 价格 | 4.00储值(1储值=1元) |
| 来源 | 学科网 |
|---|
摘要:
该高中英语高考复习学案系统覆盖词汇(阅读、多义、核心、拓展)、短语、句型(the+比较级、完全倒装)及阅读写作技能等核心考点,按“基础积累-考点突破-迁移应用”层次构建知识网络,通过问题链(如单词练通、句型仿写)和任务驱动(微写作、应用文创作)引导学生自主梳理考点联系,形成系统化语言知识体系。
亮点在于诊断性自测与分层任务设计,如“高效迁移”模块的单句语法填空、完成句子等自测题帮助学生自主诊断薄弱点,“应用文增分练”通过句子积累到连句成篇的进阶任务培养语言能力和学习能力。每个模块配有错题归因表和个性化学习路径建议,助力学生构建专属知识体系,教师可依据学情数据精准指导,有效支持因材施教。
内容正文:
In fact, it was out of 1. (curious) that I attended the lecture given by a famous explorer, who had just returned from a distant continent.He indeed shared some stories of 2. (battle) against nature with bravery, in one of which his vehicle broke 3. in the polar area because the gas had run out.4. (trap) in the scary snowstorm,he attempted 5. (call) for rescue through the phone,but it proved useless.6. (frighten) and hungry, he was at a loss and was faced with death several times.He walked 7. (anxious) until he found shelter in a nearby base.Besides, in his lecture, the suffering of wildlife also shocked us.Apart from natural 8. (disaster), to some extent, too much greenhouse gas also caused damage to them.Having heard his lecture, I find it everyone’s duty 9. (keep) the balance of ecology.Equally important is 10. we should hand out some brochures to teach people to observe natural laws.
单元知识 必备清单
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
第一组
1.drought n. 旱灾, 干旱
2.hurricane n. 飓风
3.landslide n. 滑坡; 塌方
4.volcanic adj. 火山的; 由火山作用引起的
5.weed n. 野草; 海藻
6.whale n. 鲸
7.dolphin n. 海豚
8.shark n. 鲨(鱼)
9.kangaroo n. 袋鼠
10.eagle n. 鹰
11.jungle n. (热带)丛林
12.whirlpool n. 旋涡
第二组
13.descent n. 下降, 下落
14.tidal adj. 潮汐的, 潮水的
15.tube n. 圆管, 管子; (伦敦)地铁
16.lamp n. 灯
17.sledge n. 雪橇
18.ski n. 滑雪板
vi. 滑雪
19.polar adj. 极地的, 地极的
20.tent n. 帐篷
21.brochure n. 小册子
22.aftershock n. (地震的)余震
23.metal n. 金属
24.skiing n. 滑雪运动
25.originality n. 独创性; 创造力
Ⅱ.多义单词——我会辨
1.flood n. 洪水, 水灾,大量
v. 淹没
2.title n. 题目, 标题;头衔,称号
vt. 加标题
3.escape vi.& vt. 逃离; 逃避;被遗忘
n. 逃脱,逃离;泄漏
4.attempt n.& vt. 努力, 尝试, 企图
5.measure vt. 估量, 衡量; 测量
n. 措施;尺寸;计量制;计量单位
6.process n. 过程, 进程 工序
vt. 加工
7.conduct vt. 实施; 进行; 执行
vi.& vt. 指挥;引导
vt. 传导热或电等能量;表现,举止
8.lecture n. 讲座, 讲课; 演讲;教训
vi. (开)讲座;讲课
vt. 训斥
9.base n. 基地, 大本营; 基础
vt. 以……为基地
10.solid adj. 连续的,不间断的;固体的,坚硬的
n. 固体
Ⅲ.核心单词——我会写
第一组
1.disaster n. 灾难;灾祸
2.landscape n. 风景, 景色
3.wave n. 海浪; 波涛
4.wildlife n. 野生动植物, 野生生物
5.comment n. 评论; 意见
6.extent n. 面积; 长度; 范围; 程度
7.crowded adj. 拥挤的; 挤满人的
8.living adj. 活的, 活着的
第二组
9.deer n. 鹿
10.insect n. 昆虫
11.fox n. 狐狸
12.soil n. 土壤
13.climate n. 气候
14.overuse vt. 过度使用; 滥用
15.million n. 百万
16.greenhouse n. 温室, 暖房
17.float vi. 浮; 漂
18.file n. 档案, 卷宗
第三组
19.soul n. 灵魂
20.edge n. 边缘
21.continent n. 洲, 大洲; 大陆
22.rescue n.& vt. 营救; 救援
23.vehicle n. 交通工具, 车辆
24.trap vt. 困住, 使陷于危险中
25.damage n. 伤害, 损伤, 损害
26.overseas adv. 在海外, 在外国
27.site n. 场所, 地点
第四组
28.battle n. 较量, 竞争; 斗争; 战斗
29.duty n. 职责, 义务; 责任
30.suffering n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦; 折磨
31.nearby adv. 附近
32.dust n. 灰尘; 尘埃
33.captain n. 上校;队长; 组长
34.distant adj. 久远的; 遥远的
35.shelter n. 避难所
36.varied adj. 各种各样的, 形形色色的
37.scary adj. 可怕的, 恐怖的
38.harmless adj. 无害的
Ⅳ.拓展词汇——我会拓
第一组
1.erupt v.爆发;喷出→eruption n.爆发
2.ecology n.生态;生态学→ecological adj.生态学的;生态的
3.shock vt.使震惊;使难以置信 n.震惊;休克;冲击→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
4.survive vi.& vt.活下来;幸存→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者→surviving adj.幸存的;残存的
5.poem n.诗;诗歌→poet n.诗人→poetry n.诗歌;作诗的艺术
6.mystery n.神秘事物,难以理解的事物→mysterious adj.神秘的;不可思议的
7.frighten v.使受惊;使惊恐→frightened adj.受惊的,害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的
8.horror n.恐惧,害怕;令人惊恐的事→horrible adj.可怕的,吓人的,令人恐惧的→horribly adv.害怕地;可怕地;极其地
9.curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心
10.observe vt.观察;注意;庆祝(同义: celebrate);遵守→observation n.观察;观察结果
第二组
11.equal adj.相等的;相同的;平等的;胜任的 vt.等于;抵得上 n.同等的人;相等物→equally adv.同样地;平等地→equality n.平等
12.interrupt vi.& vt.打断讲话→interruption n.打断,打扰;中断时间
13.death n.死,死亡→die v.死亡→dying adj.垂死的→dead adj.失去生命的;不再使用的
14.lose vt.失去;丢失;使迷路→loss n.丧失;死亡→lost adj.丢失的;迷路的
15.operate v.运转;做手术;操作→operator n.接线员;操作者→operation n.行动,活动;手术;操作
16.protect v.保护;防护→protective adj.保护的;防护的→protection n.保护;防护
17.breath n.呼吸→breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的,喘不过气来的→breathlessly adv.气喘吁吁地
18.explore v.探索;探究;勘察→explorer n.探险者;勘察者→exploration n.探险;探索;探究;勘察
19.prepare v.预备,准备→preparation n.预备,准备
第三组
20.anxious adj.焦虑的,担心的→anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地;担忧地→anxiety n.忧虑,焦虑
21.ambition n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→ambitious adj.有雄心的;野心勃勃的
22.cheer v.使高兴;欢呼n.欢呼声→cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的
23.prove vt.证明;证实→proof n.证据
24.honest adj.诚实的→honesty n.坦诚;诚实,正直→dishonest adj.不诚实的
25.sincere adj.真诚的→sincerely adv.诚挚地→sincerity n.真诚,真挚,诚实
26.brave adj.勇敢的→bravely adv.勇敢地→bravery n.勇气;勇敢的行为
27.disappear vi.消失;消亡;灭绝→disappearance n.消亡;消失→appear vi.出现;看来;似乎
Ⅴ.重点短语——我会记
第一组
1.turn one’s back (on sb/sth)对……置之不理,对……撒手不管
2.on the edge of 在……边缘;某事快要发生(尤指不好的事)
3.in the direction of 朝……方向
4.at great speed 高速地
5.be/become curious about 对……感到好奇
6.as a result 结果
7.in the end 最后
第二组
8.breathe in 吸气(breathe out)
9.run out 用完;耗尽
10.on the way to ... 在去往……的路上
11.have difficulty with sth 在某事/方面有困难
12.break down 停止运转,出故障
13.make progress 稳步前进;取得进步
14.in the history of 在……的历史进程中
15.pick up 去接(某人);拿起;拾起,捡起;搭救,营救
Ⅵ.单元佳句——我会用
1.It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white.(It takes/took sb some time to do ...)
不到一天的时间,我的头发就从黑变白了。
2.I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.(as if引导方式状语从句)
我觉得恶心,好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。
3.The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell ...(the+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...)
第一,物体越大,下落越快……
4.As you can see, the reason why I’m here to tell the story is that I made the right decision.(The reason why ...is/was that ...)
如你所见,我能在这里讲这个故事,正是因为我做了正确的决定。
5. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.(全部倒装)
接着极地的冬季来临,四处一片黑暗。
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.高考阅读疑难词汇——清障有法
构词法
名词后缀-ity表示性质、状态、动作或结果
写出下列句中黑体词的词性和词义
1.(2024·1月浙江卷)Are you tired of sitting in class all day? How about incorporating some physical activity into your daily routine?
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them.To err (犯错) is human.
3.(2023·1月浙江卷)With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train?
Ⅱ.2025新增课标词汇——精准备考
1.capture vt.捕获;拍摄;俘获;赢得;捕捉 n.(被)捕获;(被)俘获
①capture the imagination 激发想象力
②capture a heart 俘获芳心
③capture a moment/an image捕捉瞬间/定格画面
The artist’s use of light captures the tranquility of the countryside at dawn, making viewers feel as if they were there.
艺术家对光线的运用捕捉了黎明时乡村的宁静,让观者仿佛身临其境。
2.casual adj.随意的;非正式的;休闲的;偶然的
①casual clothes/clothing/outfit
便装;休闲服装
②casual Friday 休闲星期五
③casual job/work 临时工作
④casual acquaintance 泛泛之交
The company introduced casual Fridays to boost employee morale, allowing people to wear jeans and T-shirts instead of formal suits.
公司推行休闲星期五以提升员工士气,允许人们穿牛仔裤和T恤代替正装。
3.cautious adj.谨慎的,小心的
①be cautious about/of (doing) sth对某事谨慎;小心(做)某事
②be cautious with sth 谨慎处理某物
③extremely/overly/excessively/very cautious极其/过度/过分/非常谨慎
(2025·1月八省联考)With the lights dimming in the theater, I felt my way to my seat cautiously, trying not to draw any attention from the bikers.
灯光渐暗的剧院里,我小心翼翼地摸索着走向自己的座位,尽量不引起那些摩托车手们的注意。
4.magnificent adj.壮丽的;宏伟的;值得赞扬的
①magnificent palace 宏伟的宫殿
②magnificent waterfall 壮观的瀑布
③magnificent opportunity 绝佳的机会
④magnificent in sth 在某方面出众
Standing atop the hill, visitors are greeted by the magnificent castle that has dominated the skyline for centuries, a testament to the power and ambition of its former rulers.
站在山顶,映入游客眼帘的是一座宏伟的城堡,它几个世纪以来一直主宰着天际线,是其昔日统治者权力与野心的见证。
5.voyage n.航行;旅行;航海;航天 vi.航行;(尤指)远航;远行
①maiden voyage 首航,处女航
②voyage of discovery 探索航行;探索之旅
③go on a voyage 去航行;去旅行
④voyage into the unknown 驶向未知的旅程;探索未知之旅
Early explorers like Magellan faced unimaginable hardships during their long sea voyages around the world.
像麦哲伦这样的早期探险家,在环球航海途中经历了难以想象的艰辛。
核心知识 点面突破
escape vi.& vt.逃离;逃避;被遗忘,被忽视 n.逃跑,逃脱
练通 单句语法填空
①She tried to escape (do) the chores by hiding in her room, but her mother still called her out.
写美 完成句子
②这个女孩看起来很面熟,但不知怎么的,我忘了她的名字。
The girl looks quite familiar, but somehow.
(1)escape (doing) sth 逃避(做)某事
escape from 从……逃脱;逃避
sth escape sb 某物被某人遗忘; 没有被某人注意到
(2)have a narrow escape 死里逃生
佳句 At last, we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping being hurt by the wild and powerful polar bear. (动作描写)
最后,我们侥幸逃脱,幸运地没有被那只野性十足、力量强大的北极熊伤到。
survive vi.& vt.活下来;幸存
练通 语块填词
①She (从……中存活下来) the sudden car accident, and it took months for her to fully recover.
②The weak and tired survivors had to (依靠……生存下来) rainwater and fish for days until they were finally rescued by a helicopter.
写美 完成句子
③生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存,而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。 (主旨升华)
Life isn’t about ; it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
(1)survive from ... 从……中存活下来
survive on ... 依靠……生存下来
survive ...by ... 比……多活了……
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U] 幸存;[C] 残存物
佳句 Leaving the house,I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now.Had it managed to find its way back home,or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive?
离开这座房子,我不禁想到它现在怎么样了。它是已经设法找到了回家的路,还是仍在某处艰难地生存?
curious adj.好奇的
练通 小语段训练/语块填词
①John was curious (explore) the old house at the end of the street. (好奇地), he opened the door and looked inside.
② (出于好奇), I asked him about his travel experiences.
写美 完成句子
③我对安静感到好奇,然后回到玛丽的房间门口,往里看。 (心理描写)
, then returned to the door of Mary’s room and looked in.
(1)be curious about sth 对某事感到好奇
be curious to do sth 好奇地做某事;极想做某事
(2)with curiosity 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
(3)curiously adv. 好奇地
佳句 Curiously enough,the hummingbird replied with a short chirp (唧唧叫) as if it understood what I was saying. (拟人)
奇怪的是,这只蜂鸟唧唧地叫了一声,好像它听懂了我说的话。
equal adj.相等的;相同的;平等的;胜任的 vt.等于;抵得上 n.同等的人;相等物
练通 单句语法填空
①Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is (equal) interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy.
写美 完成句子/一句多译
②我确信我能胜任做这个中国绘画展的志愿者。 (申请信)
I am convinced that I for the Chinese painting exhibition.
③在我看来,他在打篮球方面是无与伦比的。
→From my point of view, he in playing basketball.
→In my view, he in playing basketball.
(1)be equal to (doing) sth等于/胜任(做)某事
(2)equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(3)be without equal=have no equal 无与伦比
(4)equality n. 平等;相等
equally adv. 相等地;同等地;公平地;同样地
佳句 For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is equal to your physical health. (建议信)
另一方面,要积极开朗,因为你的心理健康和身体健康一样重要。
联想 表示“胜任……”的其他表达:
(1)be up to;(2)be fit for;(3)be qualified for
attempt n.& vt.努力,尝试,企图
练通 语块填词
①They failed to sell popcorn (第一次尝试), which left them feeling deeply depressed, but they learned from their mistakes.
写美 完成句子
②在接下来的几天里,我们试图到处寻找我们的爱犬,但都是徒劳。 (动作描写)
In the next few days, in each and every corner, but in vain.
(1)attempt to do ... 尝试/试图做……
(2)make an attempt to do/(at) doing ... 尝试做……
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
佳句 Some even practiced saying my name, and though their attempts were imperfect, I appreciated their efforts. (2025·全国二卷)
有些人甚至练习叫我的名字,尽管他们尝试的发音并不完美,我仍然很感激他们的努力。
loss n.丧失;死亡
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①We need to cut our (loss) and focus on the new project before the deadline.
②I was (不知所措) for what to do, feeling as if the whole world was closing in on me.
写美 完成句子
③杰瑞站起身来,在客厅里踱起步来,陷入沉思。
Jerry stood up and walked around the living room, .
(1)at a loss 不知所措
(2)lost adj. 丢失的;迷路的
be lost in 专注于;迷失于
佳句 ①Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.(主旨升华)
成功是从一次失败到另一次失败而不丧失热情的能力。
②Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life.
金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个在此次灾难中没有任何人员损失的海滩。
measure vt.估量,衡量;测量 n.措施;尺寸;计量制;计量单位
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①The room (measure) five meters across is comfortable to live in.
②Holding the skirt (照我的尺寸做的),I threw myself into my mother’s arms, tears of happiness welling up in my eyes.
写美 完成句子
③在我看来,衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱,而在于如何理解人生真正的意义。 (主旨升华)
In my opinion, , but by how you understand the true meaning of life.
(1)measure ...by ... 用……来衡量……
(2)take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事
make sth to sb’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
佳句 China has also taken active measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(现象介绍)
中国还积极采取措施保护环境,促进可持续发展。
点津 ①measure用作“措施”时,常用其复数形式;
②measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时,是系动词,后跟测量的结果,不用于被动语态及进行时态。
base n.基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地
练通 单句语法填空/语块填词
①On the (base) of what you show,I firmly believe that you can be qualified for the position.
②Team members need to receive training after school every day and are also offered opportunities to watch table tennis competitions (定期).
写美 完成句子
③得知这个周末你要拜访中国家庭,我写信是想告诉你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。 (告知信)
Knowing that you are to visit a Chinese family this weekend, .
(1)base ...on/upon ... 把……建立在……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础;依据……
(2)basis n. 基础;基点;根据
on a regular basis 定期
on the basis of ...根据……;在……的基础上
(3)basic adj. 基本的;基础的
佳句 Your grouping strategy is based on randomness, rather than careful pairing,where a weak student is grouped with a stronger one.(建议信)
您的分组策略基于随意性,而非精心配对,没有将能力弱的学生与能力强的学生配对。
run out 用完,耗尽
练通 介、副词填空
①In the future,care for the environment will become very important as the Earth’s natural resources are running .
写美 完成句子
②我们遇到了一些问题,但我们齐心协力找到了解决方案,并按时完成了任务。
, but we worked together to find solutions and finished on time.
run out of用光,用完(人作主语,有被动语态)
run across 偶然遇到
run after 追逐;追求
run into 撞上;遇上,偶然遇到;碰上(困境、麻烦等)
佳句 David was running out of his energy but he was making his way towards the finish line,bathed in sweat. (动作描写)
大卫的体力已消耗殆尽,但他仍大汗淋漓地朝着终点线奋力前行。
break down 停止运转,出故障;破坏;(谈判、计划等)失败;破裂;精神或情绪崩溃;(身体)垮掉;(化学)分解
练通 介、副词填空
①During the camp, excitement filled the air.Lily suddenly broke songs and everyone joined in.But the next morning, chaos broke when a sudden thunderstorm hit, turning the campsite into a muddy mess.
写美 完成句子
②听到这个消息,他崩溃了,眼泪从脸颊流下来。 (情绪描写)
,tears pouring down his cheeks.
break away (from) 挣脱(束缚);脱离
break into 破门而入;突然……起来
break in 破门而入;打断;插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发;发生
break through 取得突破;克服
break up 打碎;分裂,解体;结束; (关系等)破裂;散去
佳句 My father carefully cut the pumpkin open,so I finally had my head break away from it.(动作描写)
父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开,我的头终于从南瓜中挣脱出来了。
float vi.浮; 漂
①The paper boat floated down the stream while the children watched it excitedly from the shore.
纸船顺流漂下,孩子们兴奋地在岸边眺望。
②As the balloon floated high in the sky, the little girl smiled, imagining it carrying her dreams to the clouds.气球飘向高高的天空,小女孩微笑着,想象它载着自己的梦想飞向云端。
③The leaf floated slowly towards the water, falling gently from the tree, while the wind whispered softly in the air.树叶轻盈落下,慢慢飘向水面,微风在空中低语轻拂。
④He watched the boat float across the river, enjoying the peaceful view of the sunset.
他望着小船漂过河面,沉浸于夕阳西下的宁静余晖中。
句型公式:the+比较级 ...,the+比较级 ...
教材原句:The first,the larger the bodies were,the more rapidly they fell ...
第一,物体越大,下落越快……
写美 微写作/翻译句子
①他越是努力工作,将来取得的成就就会越大。 (人物介绍)
The harder he works, in the future.
②你对我们的传统文化了解得越多,你就对它越感兴趣。 (事件介绍)
,the more interested you are in it.
③她越想这件事,就越感到害怕。(心理描写)
“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”的用法:
(1)意为“越……,就越……”时,表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。
(2)第一个“the+比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句,在表示将来意义时,从句用一般现在时表示将来;第二个“the+比较级...”是主句。
佳句 The further Jane went in the thick, misty forest, the more nervous and anxious she became. (动作、心理描写)
珍妮在浓雾弥漫的森林里走得越远,她变得越紧张和焦虑。
句型公式:完全倒装
教材原句:Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.
接着极地的冬季来临,四处一片黑暗。
写美 微写作/句式升级
①“校车来了!”莉莉兴奋地喊道,抓起她的书包冲出门。 (动作描写)
“ ” shouted Lily excitedly, grabbing her school bag and rushing out the door.
②我们敬爱的老师们出席了会议,他们的见解和奉献深刻影响了我们的成长。(人物描写)
, whose insights and dedication have profoundly impacted our growth.
③Our library lies in the center of our school,which is between the garden and the teaching building.
→ ,which is between the garden and the teaching building.
完全倒装的三种情况:
(1)表示方位或时间的副词(如here、there、in、out、now、then等)位于句首作状语, 谓语动词为go、come等表示位移的动态动词时, 通常用完全倒装;
(2)表示方位的介词短语位于句首时, 通常用完全倒装;
(3)在主系表结构的句子中, 出于强调的目的, 把表语提前, 则构成完全倒装。
佳句 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days.
几周后,我几乎已经忘记比赛的时候,传来了消息。我被告知在写作比赛中获得了一等奖,并且两天后将有一个颁奖仪式。
高效迁移 微点练全
一词多义/熟词生义
1.lecture n.讲座,讲课;教训vi.讲课 vt.训斥
①I know I should stop smoking — don’t give me a lecture about it.
②She lectures in Russian literature.
③He’s always lecturing me about the way I dress.
④During the lecture, the students took notes diligently as the professor explained complex theories in a simple way.
2.observe vt.观察; 注意;庆祝;遵守
①By observing the traffic lights, we ensure the safety of ourselves and others, which helps maintain order on the road.
②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening ...”
③Could you tell me how you usually observe Harvest Day in your country?
3.break down(机器)出故障,停止运转;(物质)分解;(计划)失败;(身体)垮掉;情不自禁地哭起来
①He broke down and wept when he heard the news.
②If you work hard like that, you will break down one day.
③Really, the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way,which made my dad in trouble.
④Researchers in Spain and England have recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene,which accounts for 40% of plastics.
⑤All our plans broke down because of his opposition.
4.conduct vt.实施,进行;引导;传导热或电等能量;表现,举止 vi.& vt.指挥
①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
②The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.
③The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.
④Most metals can conduct electricity.
⑤Dennis has recently begun a successful career conducting opera.
5.escape vi.& vt.逃离;逃避;被遗忘n.逃脱,逃离n.泄漏
①After escaping from the burning house, the family felt relieved, knowing that they were safe.
②He was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment.
③They tried to stop the escape of gas from the damaged pipe.
④His escape from the daily routine gave him a chance to reflect on his goals, allowing him to plan for a better future.
6.process n.过程,进程;工序 vt.加工
①Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process.
②They went over every process again, but without result.
③Brazil began importing soybeans (大豆) to process at home.
7.solid adj.连续的,不间断的;固体的;坚硬的 n.固体
①The rock was so solid that it was difficult to break it with a hammer.
②They worked for three solid days to complete the project before the deadline.
③Gold is a solid metal that has been valued for centuries.
④In science class, we conducted an experiment to transform water from a liquid into a solid by freezing it.
8.flood n.洪水, 水灾;大量 v.淹没
①The river flooded the fields, making it impossible for farmers to harvest their crops.
②The flood caused severe damage to the town, leaving many houses underwater.
③A flood of memories came rushing back to her when she saw the old photo album.
9.base n.基地, 大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地
①The base of all good relationships is trust.Without it, it’s difficult to build strong and lasting connections with others.
②The soldiers returned to their base after a long mission in the field.
③The research team based their findings on data collected from various countries, ensuring that their conclusions were accurate and reliable.
10.He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury.
11.Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.
12.If you measure the length of the rope carefully, you will see that it equals the width of the table, making it perfect for the project.
13.The measure of the fabric was checked twice to make sure it matched the design, ensuring a perfect finish for the dress.
单句语法填空
1.During the meeting, she made (comment) on the new proposal, pointing out the areas that needed further discussion.
2.The children were curious (explore) the forest, eager to discover what lay beyond the trees.
3.She attempted (complete) the marathon, pushing herself to keep running despite the pain.
4.He couldn’t escape (do) his chores, as his parents had set clear expectations for his responsibilities at home.
5.After learning the (base) steps of the dance, she was able to perform it smoothly in front of her friends.
完成句子
1.街道上挤满了忙着置办节日物品的购物者。(be crowded with)
preparing for the upcoming holiday.
2.徒步旅行者站在悬崖边缘,既兴奋又害怕。(on the edge of)
, feeling both excited and scared.
3.暴风雨过后,许多人被困在家中,无法出去。(trap)
After the storm, , unable to get out.
4.当到达海滩时,她深深吸了吸咸咸的海风。(breathe)
When she arrived at the beach, .
应用文增分练——读报体会
请你写一篇英语短文,给你校英文报投稿,分享使用英文校报Youth的体会,要点如下:
(1)以前,在学好英语方面有困难;
(2)现在,阅读Youth有很大帮助。
第一步 根据单元知识写美句
1.我以前在学好英语方面有困难。(have difficulty in doing ...)
2.我过去常常要花大约15分钟才能读完一篇文章。(It takes sb some time to do ...)
3.Youth仿佛是一个神奇的工具,使我的英语水平迅速提高。(as if)
4.它之所以受到学生的欢迎,原因是它涵盖了我们青少年感兴趣的新闻。(The reason why ...is that ...)
5.最受欢迎的专栏之一是“我们周围的榜样”,它讲述了我们学校优秀学生的故事,并且激励着我们更加努力学习。(全部倒装)
6.我读它越多,我阅读英语文章的速度就越快。(the+比较级 ...,the+比较级 ...)
第二步 连句成篇创佳作
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇 80词左右的短文。
读后续写微技能——地震中的白衣天使
积累教材续写语料——有效强化教考衔接
词汇积累
人物描写: reliable
动作描写: forecast; grab; rescue; claim; threaten; shelter
环境描写:disaster; eruption; typhoon; hurricane; landslide; tsunami; blizzard; avalanche; crisis; mosquito; midnight; county
佳句积累
1.Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town. (情感描写)
2.Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart, I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.(情感描写)
3.I was so frightened that I just froze.Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then. (情感描写)
4.Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.(主旨升华)
拓展续写话题素材——精准构建表达基石
动作描写:“头部”动作
靓点语块
1.raise one’s head抬头
2.scratch one’s head挠头
3.nod/shake one’s head点/摇头
4.throw one’s head back把头往后仰 5.drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one’s head低头
6.rest one’s head on/against ...把头靠在……上面
7.put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头
出彩佳句
1.When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep.
他回到家, 把头埋在被子里, 假装睡着了。
2.Her mother stopped her housework, raising her head with worry in her eyes. (动词-ing形式作状语)
她母亲停下了家务活, 抬起头, 眼里流露出忧虑。
3.I rose to my feet, sat close to my mother, rested my head on her shoulder and couldn’t help weeping. (动词的联动)
我站起身来, 坐在母亲身边, 把头靠在她的肩膀上, 忍不住哭了起来。
4.I walked slowly to the bus, my head down, tears in my eyes. (独立主格结构)
我慢慢地向公共汽车走去, 低着头, 眼里含着泪水。
重拳锤炼续写场景——积累内化应用提升
场景导入:作为一名护士, “我”在白天上班时遭遇了一场地震,“我”安抚病人并等待救援人员的到来……
I, a nurse, was on day duty when suddenly a tray fell off the table.I scratched my head, 1. (想知道发生了什么;动词-ing短语作状语).Then it occurred to me that it was an earthquake.Some patients screamed in terror and headed for the exit.Although I was scared to death, I grabbed my loudspeaker, 2. (告诉他们用手护住头;动词-ing短语作状语) and crouch under the bed.Then under the bed I held a boy in my arms and he 3. (把头靠在我的肩膀上), tears in his eyes.Soon the earthquake stopped and the rescuers came to our rescue and 4. (保护我们免受进一步的伤害).Thank goodness! 5. (这场威胁性的地震没有造成任何人员伤亡;无生命名词作主语) and we sighed in relief.
(2025·全国一卷,阅读A)
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放).As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
做真题——感悟命题角度
21.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018?
A.11.6%. B.45.1%.
C.74.5%. D.86.1%.
22.Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily?
A.Planes. B.Trucks.
C.Trains. D.Ships.
23.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition?
A.Limiting fuel consumption.
B.Putting more effort into renewables.
C.Improving energy efficiency.
D.Making electricity more affordable.
理脉络——构建篇章思维
再利用——拓宽词句积累
(一)由文本积阅读词汇
1.mode n. 方式
2.specific adj. 特定的
3.aviation n. 航空工业
4.analyses n. 分析
5.option n. 可选择的事物;选择
6.plug v. 接电源,插插头
(二)由文本积派生(合成)词汇
1.decarbonize v.[派生词] 脱碳(de-+carbonize)
2.energy-efficient adj.[合成词] 节能的(energy+efficient)
3.solid-state adj.[合成词] 固态的(solid+state)
4.electrify v.[派生词] 使电气化(electric+-fy)
5.redesign n.[派生词] 重新设计(re-+design)
6.mind-blowing adj.[派生词] 非常令人吃惊的(mind+blow+-ing)
(三)由文本积主题语块
1.be responsible for 对……负责
2.a large part of 很大部分
3.account for (数量、比例上)占
4.renewable energy 可再生能源
5.in pretty simple ways 用非常简单的方式
6.up to 达到(某个标准)
7.the global demand 全球需求
8.speed up (使)加快速度
(四)由文本知变式运用
1.近义替换(用文中的词汇替换)
①hurries to decarbonize everything→ (第一段)
②the resolution to get us going green→ (第二段)
2.熟词生义(文中生义)
①breakdown [熟义] n.(汽车或机器的)故障,损坏 →[生义] (第一段最后一句)
②charge [熟义] n.费用;指控→ [生义] (表格CARS — Batteries最后一句)
(五)由文本探析长难句
Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.
分析:这是一个由but连接的并列句,两个分句皆为主系表结构;前一分句的主语是 ,谓语是 ,表语是比较结构 ;后一分句主语是 (动词-ing短语),谓语是 ,表语是 。
译文:
提示:完成课后作业 必修第二册 UNIT 5
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UNIT 5 HUMANS AND NATURE
【主题引领·语法融通】
1.curiosity 2.battling 3.down 4.Trapped 5.to call
6.Frightened 7.anxiously 8.disasters 9.to keep 10.that
【一维拓展·强基】
高考高分 提升密码
Ⅰ.1.n.活动 2.n.责任 3.n.安检
【二维迁移·赋能】
核心知识 点面突破
1.①doing ②her name escapes me
2.①survived from ②survive on ③how to survive the storm
3.①to explore; With curiosity ②Out of curiosity
③I was curious about the silence
4.①equally ②am equal to being a volunteer ③is without equal; has no equal
5.①at the first attempt ②we attempted to search for/made an attempt to search for/at searching for our beloved dog
6.①losses ②at a loss ③lost in thought
7.①measuring ②made to my measure ③success is not measured by how much money you have
8.①basis ②on a regular basis ③I am writing to inform you of some basic table manners
9.①out ②We ran into some problems
10.①into; out ②He broke down at/on hearing the news
11.①the more success he will achieve ②The more you know about our traditional culture ③The more she thought about it, the more frightened she felt.
12.①Here comes the school bus! ②Present at the meeting were our beloved teachers ③In the center of our school lies our library
高效迁移 微点练全
维度一
1.①n.教训 ②vi.讲课 ③vt.训斥 ④n.讲座,讲课
2.①vt.遵守 ②vt.观察; 注意 ③vt.庆祝
3.①情不自禁地哭起来 ②(身体)垮掉 ③(机器)出故障,停止运转 ④(物质)分解 ⑤(计划)失败
4.①vt.实施,进行 ②vt.表现,举止 ③ vt.引导
④vt.传导热或电等能量 ⑤vt.指挥
5.①vi.逃离;逃避 ②vt.被遗忘 ③n.泄漏
④n.逃脱,逃离
6.①n.过程,进程 ②n.工序 ③vt.加工
7.①adj.坚硬的 ②adj.连续的,不间断的 ③adj.固体的
④n.固体
8.①v.淹没 ②n.洪水, 水灾 ③n.大量
9.①n.基础 ②n.基地, 大本营 ③vt.以……为基础
10.n.赔偿金 11.n.休克 12.vt.等于 13.n.尺寸
维度二
1.comments 2.to explore 3.to complete 4.doing 5.basic
维度三
1.The streets were crowded with shoppers
2.The hiker stood on the edge of the cliff
3.many people were trapped in their homes
4.she breathed in the salty sea air
【三维写作·提能】
Part 1
第一步
1.I had difficulty in learning English well before.
2.It used to take me about 15 minutes to finish reading a passage.
3.Youth has made my English improved rapidly as if it were a magical tool.
4.The reason why it is popular with students is that it covers the news we teenagers are interested in.
5.Among the most loved columns is Role Models Around Us, which tells stories of excellent students in our school, and inspires us to study harder.
6.The more I read it,the faster I can read English articles.
第二步
To be honest, I had difficulty in learning English well before.Generally,it used to take me about 15 minutes to finish reading a passage.Youth has made my English improved rapidly as if it were a magical tool.The reason why it is popular with students is that it covers the news we teenagers are interested in.Among the most loved columns is Role Models Around Us, which tells stories of excellent students in our school, and inspires us to study harder.The more I read it, the faster I can read English articles.
Part 2
三、重拳锤炼续写场景
1.wondering what was happening
2.telling them to bury their heads in their hands
3.rested his head against my shoulder
4.shelter us from further injuries
5.The threatening earthquake didn’t claim any death
【高考素养·培优】
一、做真题
语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文。文章探讨交通运输领域的碳排放问题及绿色转型方案。
21.C 细节理解题。根据第一张图中的ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1%和ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%可知,公路车辆在全球交通排放中的总占比:45.1%+29.4%=74.5%。
22.C 细节理解题。根据第二张图中TRAINS—Electricity部分可知,火车使用电能作为能源,一些火车已经实现了电气化,其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电气化。相对图中描述的飞机、卡车和轮船的燃料转型,火车绿色转型更简单。
23.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段末句可知,Wipke认为需要加快绿色能源的发展,绿色能源将全部投入使用。B项(加大对可再生能源的投入)与文意相符。
三、再利用
(四)1.①races ②solutions
2.①n.明细 ②n.(电池的)充电量
(五)Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks making green hydrogen is expensive 对于卡车来说,氢燃料电池比电池更轻,但生产绿色氢的成本很高。
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