内容正文:
必修一 Unit3 复习练习(基础+综合)
基础训练
单句语法填空:
1. Our (origin) plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.
2. I still don’t feel like ___________(respond) to any of her online messages.
3. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of __________ to hand Jim over to some slave catchers.
4. She was dressed in a tight suit and walked ____________(comfort) in high heels, yet still kept grace throughout the day.
5. He narrowly _____________(escape) death in an earthquake.
6. The seat belts in the car _____________(mean) protect passengers in case of accidents.
7. I'm not sure if I can make___________ to the party(准时到达聚会)on time, but I'll try my best.
8. Here, friendship has a double advantage—happiness takes __________ a greater meaning and a trouble _________(share) becomes a trouble ___________(half) !
9. You can always count on your parents ___________ (give) you unconditional support when you are in trouble.
10. Regular exercise is significantly ___________ (benefit) to both our physical health and mental health.
11. _________ (judge) from(从……判断)the dark clouds in the sky, it seems that it will rain soon.
12. The old man, who was ___________ (company) by his grandson, walked slowly in the park, enjoying the warm sunshine and the beautiful scenery around.
13. Because the supermarket was __________ (crowd) with shoppers, it took me a long time to find what I needed.
14. True __________ (generous) lies in the ability to give without expecting anything in return.
15. The professor received wide ___________ (recognize) as a result of his outstanding performance in this field.
16. To our disappointment, the project ended in __________ (fail) due to a lack of proper planning.
17. I can see that Tim is having trouble __________(balance) his project and his schoolwork.
18. A real friend is someone ___________ support we can count on.
A real friend is someone ___________ support us when we are in trouble.
19. It also left me __________(think) about what it really means to be a good friend.
20. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a _ (thorough) understanding of our problems.
综合训练
一.阅读理解:
Teenagers often have a bad reputation, with parents saying they struggle to get through to them, and get confused by teenage slang. But many of the common beliefs about teenagers are myths. They aren't all lazy and rude, as a new report suggests.
A study of 184 teens has shown how their adolescent friendships prepare them for parenting. The group was followed for over 30 years, starting from the age of 13. Each year, group members selected their closest friend to take part in the study with them. Attending a lab in their chosen pairs, the friend asked for advice on a problem, and responses were scored in relation to four core aspects of empathy(同情): emotional support, instrumental support, emotional engagement, and interpretation of their friend's problem.
When members of the group began having children, they were asked different questions relating to their parenting style. This came in the form of 12 hypothetical(假设的) situations where their child expressed a negative emotion, and they said how they'd respond. Their responses were labelled either supportive or nonsupportive. The results showed one important correlation—those teens who had been more empathetic made more supportive parents.
The study also explored how much empathy participants received from their own parents. Unsurprisingly, those with emotionally supportive parents appeared naturally more empathetic towards their friends, continuing to emulate their upbringing into adulthood.
Although the teens with unsupportive parents sometimes became harsh parents, this wasn't always the case. Some were able to break cycles of poor empathy, and despite difficult upbringing, were still able to demonstrate keen empathy in their adolescent friendships.
Dr. Jessica A.Stern, the study author, concludes, “Adults often underestimate the importance of teens being able to spend time with their friends. But experiences in close, supportive friendships as a teenager are actually really important for healthy development. They provide an essential context for developing critical social skills like empathy, responding appropriately to difficult emotions, and even later parenting.”
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 1?
A. Teenagers aren't what they used to be.
B. People get the wrong idea about teenagers.
C. The early parentchild relationship is important.
D. Young people trust their friends more than adults do.
2. Who will be supportive parents according to the study?
A. Teenagers who grow up with strict parents.
B. Teenagers who make many friends at school.
C. Teenagers who are independent of their parents.
D. Teenagers who show empathy for close friends.
3. What does the underlined word “emulate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Reveal. B. Copy. C. Change. D. Record.
4. What does Dr. Jessica A.Stern think of adolescent friendships?
A. They develop over time. B. They are hard to maintain.
C. They turn into love sometimes. D. They have a strong effect on teenagers.
二.七选五
Friendship can bring joy or sorrow. 1 , we talked to researchers, authors, and therapists to learn how to manage the common relationship we all face.
Broken promises
Friends are important for our physical and mental health but these relationships aren't always smooth sailing. 2 . And a major way this happens is through broken promises. Perhaps he cancelled plans at the last minute or she refused to take part in an important party. “ 3 , the first thing to do is remember that no one is perfect,” says Jan Yager, PhD, friendship coach.
4
“Sometimes jealousy(嫉妒) shows our deepest desires,” says Dr. Yager. “Healthy envy can motivate you to become better and be inspired by your friend's success,” she says. She points out that it could be the other way around as well: Your friends might be jealous of you.
Feeling left out
There's no worse feeling than when you check Meta Monday morning to find out that your friends went on a weekend getaway without you. Scott Christnelly, a therapist, says, “I encourage clients to express their feelings about it but also not to jump to conclusions.” Then find someone else to talk to—maybe a family member, or a close friend(not the one who went on the trip)—to explain how you feel. 5 .
A. Experiencing envy
B. Friend breakups can be just as painful as a romantic breakup
C. Since there's no rule book on what to do when things get tense or go south
D. While it may be painful
E. In fact, it’s common to experience some serious hurt from your friends
F. Stopping to feel jealous of them
G. Maybe through that conversation, you can brainstorm how you will respond
三.完形填空
Ever since I was little, the doctors told my parents that someday I would need hearing aids. Of all my 1 my ears are the ones I hate the most. Although my hearing was getting 2 , I hadn’t told anyone. The ocean sound that was always in my head had been getting louder, 3 people’s voices. I even couldn't hear teachers in class. But I knew if I told Mom about it, I’d 4 hearing aids.
Then in my annual checkup, I 5 the audiology test and the doctor said, “Dude, it's time.” And he 6 me to a special ear doctor. When the ear doctor first pulled the hearing aids out for me, I groaned.
Normal aids usually have a part that wraps around the outer ear to hold the inner bud 7 . But since I didn’t have outer ears, they had to put the earbuds on this heavyduty headband to wrap around the back of my 8 . I could imagine how strange I’d look—my classmates would laugh at me, and even my teachers, my friends would be 9 at me!
“Can’t wear that, Mom; I’ll look like Lobot!” I complained.
“Lobot?” the ear doctor smiled as he looked at the headphones and made some 10 . “The Empire Strikes Back? The bald guy?”
“You know Star Wars stuff ?” I asked.
“Hey, Lobot’s cool,” said he, 11 the earphones on my head carefully. “There you go. So how's that?”
“It’s so quiet in my ears and I don't hear that noise anymore! Thanks so much, Dr. James!” I answered 12 .
The first day I showed up at school with the hearing aids, I thought kids would make a big 13 about it. But no one did. Now that I look back, I don’t know why I was so _ 14 about it all this time. Funny how sometimes you worry a lot about something and it turns out to be 15 .
1. A. features B. favorites C. figures D. frights
2. A. less B. lower C. sharper D. worse
3. A. bringing out B. drowning out C. giving out D. making out
4. A. break up with B. put up with C. end up with D. keep up with
5. A. had B. escaped C. passed D. failed
6. A. brought B. sent C. invited D. showed
7. A. in place B. in order C. in use D. in store
8. A. back B. chest C. ears D. head
9. A. surprised B. amazed C. scared D. annoyed
10. A. adjustments B. comments C. differences D. efforts
11. A. hanging B. sliding C. striking D. arranging
12. A. excitedly B. loudly C. greedily D. automatically
13. A. fortune B. choice C. deal D. decision
14. A. stressed B. curious C. mad D. disappointed
15. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing
四. 语法填空
Whether it is a child, a teenager, a middleaged person or an old person, everybody needs good friends.
During 1. ________ (child), friendship helps us understand and develop the habit of sharing and caring. Small kids develop friendship faster than adults and they enjoy the company of their friends. They play and learn together. Making friends 2. _________ (be) important for their proper growth and development. As teenagers, friends become 3. _________ (important) for us. We go 4. ________ many changes during our teenage life. Many of the problems 5. _________ (face) during this age cannot be discussed with our parents and other 6. ________ (family). 7._________ , we are quite comfortable communicating with our friends. Having good friends 8. _________ can listen to our problems and offer us support and guidance is indeed a lucky thing during this age.
More and more people these days 9. ________ (suffer) from midlife crisis(中年危机). Their family, job, kid and almost everything around begin to appear 10. ________ struggle to them at this age. Having good friends at this time can help them a lot.
Friends are important for old people too. If they have friends around, their life will remain joyful and interesting.
必修一Unit3 答案详解
基础训练
单句语法填空
1. 答案: original
考点: 词形转换(名词→形容词),作定语修饰名词。
解析: 设空处前为形容词性物主代词"Our",后为名词"plan",可知此处需填形容词作定语。"origin"为名词,其形容词形式为"original",意为"最初的、原始的"。句意为"我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影"。
句意: 我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看场电影。
高频词: original adj. 最初的、原创的;origin n. 起源、源头
2. 答案: responding
考点: 非谓语动词(动名词作宾语),固定搭配"feel like doing sth."。
解析: "feel like"后接名词或动名词作宾语,意为"想要做某事"。设空处前为介词"like",故需填"respond"的动名词形式"responding"。"respond to"意为"回复、回应"。
句意: 我仍然不想回复她的任何在线消息。
高频短语: feel like doing 想要做……;respond to 回复、回应
3. 答案: whether
考点: 连接词,"whether + 不定式"结构作介词宾语。
解析: 设空处位于介词"of"之后,且后接不定式"to hand Jim over...",构成"whether to do"结构,意为"是否做某事",在句中作"decision"的定语。"whether"在此表示"是否",为"whether...or not"的省略形式。
句意: 故事的高潮出现在哈克面临是否将吉姆交给一些奴隶捕手的选择时。
高频词: be faced with 面临;hand over 交出、移交
4. 答案: uncomfortably
考点: 词形转换(形容词→副词),且需根据语境添加否定前缀。
解析: 设空处修饰动词"walked",需用副词形式。"comfort"的形容词为"comfortable",副词为"comfortably"。但后文"yet still kept grace"(但仍保持优雅)构成转折,说明穿着高跟鞋走路应是"不舒服地",故需加否定前缀,变为"uncomfortably"。
句意: 她穿着紧身套装,踩着高跟鞋走得很不舒服,但一整天仍保持着优雅。
高频词: comfortable/uncomfortable adj. 舒适的/不舒适的;grace n. 优雅
5. 答案: escaped
考点: 动词时态(一般过去时)。
解析: 句子描述过去发生的事件(在地震中逃生),应用一般过去时。"escape"为规则动词,过去式为"escaped"。"narrowly escape"为固定搭配,意为"险些逃脱/死里逃生"。
句意: 他在一次地震中险些丧命。
高频短语: narrowly escape 险些逃脱、死里逃生
6. 答案: are meant to
考点: 固定搭配"be meant to do sth.",表示"旨在/被设计用来做某事"。
解析: "mean"作"意思是"解时为及物动词,但此处表示"旨在"需用被动结构"be meant to do"。主语"The seat belts"为复数,时态为一般现在时,故填"are meant to"。
句意: 车上的安全带旨在在事故发生时保护乘客。
高频短语: be meant to do 旨在做……;in case of 以防、万一
7. 答案: it
考点: 固定搭配"make it to + 地点",意为"成功到达某地"。
解析: "make it"为固定习语,表示"成功做到/到达"。"make it to"后接地点名词,表示"到达某地"。句中的"to the party"为地点状语,故设空处填"it"构成"make it to the party"。
句意: 我不确定能否准时到达聚会,但我会尽力。
高频短语: make it 成功做到/到达;on time 准时
8. 答案: on;shared;halved
考点: ①固定搭配"take on"(呈现/具有);②过去分词作后置定语;③过去分词作宾语补足语/表被动含义。
解析: 第一个空:"take on"表示"呈现、具有","take on a greater meaning"意为"呈现出更大的意义"。第二个空:"trouble"与"share"为被动关系(被分担的烦恼),过去分词"shared"作后置定语修饰"trouble"。第三个空:"trouble"与"halve"为被动关系,过去分词"halved"表示"被减半的"。
句意: 在这里,友谊有双重好处——快乐呈现出更大的意义,而分担的烦恼则变成了一半的烦恼。
高频短语: take on 呈现、承担;share v. 分享、分担;halve v. 将……减半
9. 答案: to give
考点: 非谓语动词(不定式作宾语补足语),固定搭配"count on sb. to do sth."。
解析: "count on"意为"指望、依靠",后接"sb."再接不定式作宾补,构成"count on sb. to do sth."结构,意为"指望某人做某事"。故填"to give"。
句意: 当你遇到困难时,你总能指望父母给予你无条件的支持。
高频短语: count on sb. to do 指望某人做……;unconditional support 无条件支持;in trouble 处于困境中
10. 答案: beneficial
考点: 词形转换(名词→形容词),固定搭配"be beneficial to"。
解析: 设空处位于系动词"is"之后作表语,需用形容词。"benefit"为名词/动词,其形容词形式为"beneficial"。"be beneficial to"意为"对……有益"。设空前"significantly"(显著地)为副词修饰该形容词。
句意: 规律锻炼对我们的身心健康都大有裨益。
高频词: beneficial adj. 有益的;physical/mental health 身体/心理健康
11. 答案: Judging
考点: 独立成分(固定用法),"judging from"为习惯表达,不受主语限制。
解析: "judging from/by"为独立分词短语,意为"从……来判断",其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致,属固定用法,无需考虑主语与动词的主动/被动关系。句首单词首字母需大写。
句意: 从天空的乌云来判断,似乎很快就要下雨了。
高频短语: judge from/by 从……来判断
12. 答案: accompanied
考点: 词形转换(名词→动词过去分词),被动语态"be accompanied by"。
解析: "company"为名词,意为"陪伴、公司",其动词形式为"accompany"(陪伴)。设空前为"was",后有介词"by",构成被动语态"was accompanied by",意为"由……陪同"。
句意: 那位老人由孙子陪着,在公园里慢慢散步,享受着温暖的阳光和周围的美景。
高频词: accompany v. 陪伴;company n. 陪伴、公司
13. 答案: crowded
考点: 词形转换(名词→形容词),固定搭配"be crowded with"。
解析: "crowd"为名词/动词,其形容词形式为"crowded",意为"拥挤的"。"be crowded with"意为"挤满了……"。设空前为系动词"was",故填形容词"crowded"作表语。
句意: 因为超市里挤满了购物者,我花了很长时间才找到我需要的东西。
高频短语: be crowded with 挤满了……
14. 答案: generosity
考点: 词形转换(形容词→名词),作主语。
解析: 设空处前有形容词"True"修饰,后有谓语"lies",可知此处需填名词作主语。"generous"为形容词,其名词形式为"generosity"(慷慨、大方)。句意为"真正的慷慨在于……"。
句意: 真正的慷慨在于能够付出而不期待任何回报。
高频词: generosity n. 慷慨、大方;in return 作为回报
15. 答案: recognition
考点: 词形转换(动词→名词),作宾语。
解析: 设空处前有形容词"wide"修饰,后有"as a result of...",可知此处需填名词作"received"的宾语。"recognize"为动词,其名词形式为"recognition"(认可、承认)。"receive wide recognition"意为"获得广泛认可"。
句意: 这位教授因其在该领域的杰出表现而获得了广泛认可。
高频词: recognition n. 认可、承认;outstanding adj. 杰出的
16. 答案: failure
考点: 词形转换(动词→名词),固定搭配"end in failure"。
解析: "fail"为动词,其名词形式为"failure"。"end in failure"为固定搭配,意为"以失败告终"。设空前为介词"in",故填名词"failure"。
句意: 令我们失望的是,由于缺乏适当的规划,该项目以失败告终。
高频短语: end in failure 以失败告终;to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是;due to 由于;a lack of 缺乏
17. 答案: balancing
考点: 非谓语动词(动名词),固定搭配"have trouble (in) doing sth."。
解析: "have trouble (in) doing sth."为固定句型,意为"做某事有困难",介词"in"可省略,但动名词"doing"不可变。"balance"的动名词形式为"balancing"。
句意: 我能看出蒂姆在平衡他的项目和学业方面有困难。
高频短语: have trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难;balance v. 平衡
18. 答案: whose;who
考点: 定语从句关系词的选择。
解析: 第一个空:先行词为"someone",关系词在从句中作"support"的定语(……的支持),故用关系代词"whose"。第二个空:先行词为"someone",关系词在从句中作主语(某人支持我们),故用关系代词"who"(指人)。
句意: 真正的朋友是我们可以依靠其支持的人。/ 真正的朋友是在我们困难时支持我们的人。
高频短语: count on 依靠、指望
19. 答案: thinking
考点: 非谓语动词(现在分词作宾语补足语),"leave sb. doing"结构。
解析: "leave sb. doing"意为"让某人一直处于某种状态"。"left"为"leave"的过去式,后接"me"再接现在分词"thinking",表示"让我一直在思考"。
句意: 这也让我一直在思考做一个好朋友到底意味着什么。
高频结构: leave sb. doing 让某人一直做……
20. 答案: more thorough
考点: 形容词比较级,与"clearer"并列。
解析: 设空前有"a",后有名词"understanding",可知需填形容词作定语。"thorough"为形容词,意为"彻底的、深入的"。句中"clearer"已用比较级,且"brings us a ___ understanding"与"make our thoughts clearer"并列,语义上表示"更深入的理解",故填"more thorough"。
句意: 仅这一点就有助于使我们的思想更清晰,并带给我们对问题更深入的理解。
高频词: thorough adj. 彻底的、深入的
综合训练
一、阅读理解
【试题立意】
本文是一篇研究报告类说明文,主题语境为"人与社会"下的"人际关系与友谊"领域。文本介绍了一项历时30年的追踪研究,探讨青少年时期的共情能力与成年后教养方式之间的关联。研究发现,青少年时期对朋友表现出更强共情心的人,长大后更有可能成为支持型的父母;同时,父母的教养方式会影响青少年的共情发展,但即使在缺乏支持的家庭环境中成长,部分青少年仍能通过友谊培养出共情能力。核心主旨是:青少年友谊并非无足轻重,而是发展共情等关键社会技能的重要土壤,对个体一生的社会性发展具有深远影响。
【语篇解读】
Paragraph 1: 引出话题。指出人们对青少年的常见看法(懒惰、粗鲁)实为"迷思",一项新报告对此提出反驳。
Paragraph 2: 介绍研究设计。追踪184名青少年长达30年,通过实验测量他们对亲密朋友的共情表现(情感支持、工具性支持、情感参与、问题解读四个维度)。
Paragraph 3: 呈现核心研究发现。青少年时期共情能力越强的人,成年后越能成为支持型的父母。
Paragraph 4: 追溯共情能力的来源。父母的情感支持会影响青少年的共情表现,孩子在成长中会模仿父母的教养方式。
Paragraph 5: 指出例外情况。即使原生家庭缺乏支持,部分青少年仍能在友谊中发展出共情能力,打破不良教养的循环。
Paragraph 6: 总结与升华(Dr. Stern的观点)。成年人低估了青少年友谊的重要性,亲密、支持性的友谊对健康发展至关重要。
【试题分析】
1.【思维过程】 推理判断题。根据题干"infer from Paragraph 1"定位到第一段。该段指出
"any of the common beliefs about teenagers are myths. They aren't all lazy and rude",说明人们对青少年的普遍认知是错误的。A项"青少年不再是从前的样子"未提及;B项"人们对青少年有错误看法"与原文"myths"对应;C项"早期亲子关系重要"是第四段内容;D项"年轻人比成年人更信任朋友"未提及。故B项正确。
【参考答案】B
2.【思维过程】 细节理解题。根据题干"supportive parents"及"according to the study"定位到第三段。原文明确表述"those teens who had been more empathetic made more supportive parents"——对朋友更富有共情心的青少年,成年后成为了更支持型的父母。A项"在严格父母身边长大的青少年"、B项"在学校交很多朋友的青少年"、C项"独立于父母的青少年"均与原文无关。D项"对亲密朋友表现出共情的青少年"与"more empathetic"对应。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
3.【思维过程】 词义猜测题。根据题干"emulate"定位到第四段。该句说"those with emotionally supportive parents appeared naturally more empathetic towards their friends, continuing to emulate their upbringing into adulthood",即父母在情感上支持的孩子对朋友也更富有共情心,并且在成年后继续____他们所受到的教养方式。结合语境,孩子从父母那里习得行为方式,并在自己成年后复制/模仿这种模式。A项"揭示"、C项"改变"、D项"记录"均不符合语境。B项"Copy(模仿/复制)"最为恰当。故B项正确。
【参考答案】B
4.【思维过程】 观点态度题。根据题干"Dr. Jessica A. Stern"及"adolescent friendships"定位到最后一段。Dr. Stern明确指出"experiences in close, supportive friendships as a teenager are actually really important for healthy development. They provide an essential context for developing critical social skills like empathy...",说明青少年友谊对健康发展有重要影响。A项"它们随时间发展"、B项"它们很难维持"、C项"它们有时会变成爱情"均未提及。D项"它们对青少年有很强的影响"与"really important"对应。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
二、七选五
【试题立意】
本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为"人与社会"下的"人际关系"领域。文本针对友谊中常见的三种问题——失信、嫉妒、被冷落,结合专家建议提供了应对策略。核心价值在于引导考生正视友谊中的矛盾与冲突,培养健康的人际交往能力,学会理性处理情感困扰。
【语篇解读】
Part 1 (引言段): 提出友谊既能带来快乐也能带来痛苦,由于没有处理友谊危机的"规则手册",作者采访了专家以获取建议。
Part 2 (小标题一——Broken promises): 论述朋友之间因失信而产生伤害的普遍性,专家建议首先要承认"人无完人"。
Part 3 (小标题二——Experiencing envy): 论述嫉妒的两面性——健康的嫉妒可以激励自我提升,同时朋友也可能嫉妒自己。
Part 4 (小标题三——Feeling left out): 论述被朋友冷落时的应对方法:表达感受但不急于下结论,并向第三方倾诉以寻求应对策略。
【试题分析】
36.【思维过程】 本题主要考查考生把握句间逻辑关系的能力。设空处位于首段第二句,前文说友谊"can bring joy or sorrow",后文说"we talked to researchers... to learn how to manage",说明需要一个过渡句引出"寻求专家建议"的原因。C项"既然在关系紧张或恶化时没有规则手册可循"既承接前文的"sorrow",又解释后文采访专家的原因,起到承上启下的作用。E项虽提到"hurt from friends",但无法引出后文的"采访专家"。故C项正确。
【参考答案】C
37.【思维过程】 本题主要考查考生把握句间逻辑关系的能力。设空处位于"Broken promises"小节第二句,前文说友谊"aren't always smooth sailing",后文说"And a major way this happens is through broken promises"(这种情况发生的主要方式之一就是失信),说明设空处应提到"来自朋友的伤害"以衔接上下文。E项"事实上,经历来自朋友的严重伤害是很常见的"恰好连接"不顺利"与"失信"两个层次。故E项正确。
【参考答案】E
38.【思维过程】 本题主要考查考生把握句间逻辑关系的能力。设空处为直接引语的一部分,前文列举了朋友失信的具体表现(临时取消计划、拒绝参加重要派对),后文说"the first thing to do is remember that no one is perfect"(首先要做的是记住人无完人)。设空处应是一个让步状语从句,表示"虽然这很痛苦"与后文的"但人无完人"形成转折。D项"While it may be painful"符合这一逻辑。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
39.【思维过程】 本题主要考查考生概括段落主旨的能力。设空处为第二个小标题,下方整段围绕"jealousy"展开,讨论了嫉妒的积极面以及朋友之间可能相互嫉妒。A项"Experiencing envy"(经历嫉妒)准确概括了该段主旨。B项讨论"朋友分手"、F项"停止嫉妒"均与本段内容不符。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
40.【思维过程】 本题主要考查考生把握句间逻辑关系的能力。设空处位于"Feeling left out"小节末尾。前文建议"找其他人倾诉你的感受",设空处应补充这样做的好处或后续步骤。G项"也许通过那次谈话,你可以集思广益思考如何回应"与前文形成顺承关系(倾诉→获得应对思路),同时也回应该小节的"如何应对被冷落"这一核心问题。故G项正确。
【参考答案】G
二、完形填空
【试题立意】
本文是一篇记叙文,主题语境为"人与自我"下的"个人成长与自我认知"领域。文章讲述了作者因天生没有外耳而害怕佩戴助听器,担心被同学嘲笑,最终在耳科医生詹姆斯博士的帮助下接受助听器,发现事情并没有想象中那么糟糕的经历。文本的核心价值在于引导考生正视自身的缺陷与不完美,突破心理障碍,理解"担忧的事情往往没有想象中可怕"的人生哲理,培养积极乐观的人生态度。
【语篇解读】
Part 1 (Para. 1): 铺垫背景。作者从小被告知需要助听器,但最讨厌自己的耳朵;听力日益恶化却不敢告诉任何人,因为害怕最终要戴助听器。
Part 2 (Paras. 2-3): 情节发展。年度体检听力测试未通过,被转诊给耳科专家。由于作者没有外耳,助听器需用头带固定,作者担心会被嘲笑而抗拒。
Part 3 (Paras. 4-5): 转折与解决。耳科医生詹姆斯博士认出了作者提到的《星球大战》角色Lobot,并巧妙地将助听器与"酷"联系起来,作者戴上后听清了声音,激动地感谢医生。
Part 4 (Para. 6): 感悟升华。作者发现并没有人对此大惊小怪,反思自己一直以来的焦虑,领悟到"有时你非常担心某事,结果却发现没什么大不了的"。
【试题分析】
1.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行名词词义辨析的能力。设空处后文说"my ears are the ones I hate the most",说明作者在谈论自己的"身体特征",且"ears"属于身体的一部分。A项"features"(特征、容貌)符合语境;B项"favorites"(最爱)、C项"figures"(数字、人物)、D项"frights"(惊吓)均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
2.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行形容词词义辨析的能力。设空处前有让步连词"Although",后文说"我谁也没告诉",说明听力是在"变差"而非变好。D项"worse"(更差的)符合让步逻辑;A项"less"(更少的)不修饰"hearing";B项"lower"(更低的)通常指音量或音调;C项"sharper"(更敏锐的)方向相反。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
3.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行动词短语辨析的能力。设空处前说"海浪声越来越大",后文说"甚至听不到老师上课",说明海浪声"盖过了"人声。B项"drowning out"(盖过、淹没)符合语境;A项"bringing out"(推出、激发)、C项"giving out"(分发、耗尽)、D项"making out"(辨认出)均不符合。故B项正确。
【参考答案】B
4.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行动词短语辨析的能力。设空处前说"如果我告诉妈妈,我就会____助听器",作者因害怕戴助听器而不敢说。C项"end up with"(最终得到、最终落得)符合"做了某事导致某种结果"的语境;A项"break up with"(分手)、B项"put up with"(忍受)、D项"keep up with"(跟上)均不符合。故C项正确。
【参考答案】C
5.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行动词词义辨析的能力。设空处后文说医生告诉作者"该戴助听器了",说明作者在听力测试中"未通过"。D项"failed"(未能通过)符合语境;A项"had"(有)、B项"escaped"(逃避)、C项"passed"(通过,与下文矛盾)均不符合。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
6.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行动词词义辨析的能力。设空处前说医生检查后说"该戴了",后文说医生把我____给耳科专家。B项"sent"(送、派遣),"send sb. to"指"把某人送往某处",在此指"转诊";A项"brought"(带来)、C项"invited"(邀请)、D项"showed"(展示)均不符合医疗语境。故B项正确。
【参考答案】B
7.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行介词短语辨析的能力。设空处前说头带的功能是"固定住内置耳塞使其____"。A项"in place"(在适当位置、固定住)符合"固定"的语义;B项"in order"(有序)、C项"in use"(在使用中)、D项"in store"(储备)均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
8.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行名词词义辨析的能力。设空处前说头带"绕在____的后部",根据常识头带绕在头部后侧。D项"head"(头)符合;A项"back"(背部)、B项"chest"(胸部)、C项"ears"(耳朵)均不符合。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
9.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行形容词词义辨析的能力。设空处列举了作者担心嘲笑的对象:同学、老师、朋友。作者担心朋友会"惊讶地看着"自己(因外貌异常)。A项"surprised"(惊讶的)符合语境;B项"amazed"(惊奇的,语气过强)、C项"scared"(害怕的)、D项"annoyed"(恼怒的)均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
10.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行名词词义辨析的能力。设空处前说医生笑着看
了看耳机并做了一些____。医生是在对助听器进行"调整"以适合作者。A项"adjustments"(调整)符合;B项"comments"(评论)、C项"differences"(差异)、D项"efforts"(努力) 均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
11.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行动词词义辨析的能力。设空处说医生一边说一边____耳机到作者头上。D项"arranging"(安排、整理、安放)在此指"小心地戴上";A项"hanging"(悬挂)、B项"sliding"(滑动)、C项"striking"(打击)均不符合。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
12.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行副词词义辨析的能力。设空处前作者说"听不到那种噪音了",后文"Thanks so much"表达了强烈的感激之情。A项"excitedly"(激动地)符合兴奋感激的语境;B项"loudly"(大声地)、C项"greedily"(贪婪地)、D项"automatically"(自动地)均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
13.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行名词词义辨析的能力。设空处所在句"make a big ____ about it"是固定搭配。C项"deal","make a big deal about"意为"对……大惊小怪";A项"fortune"(财富)、B项"choice"(选择)、D项"decision"(决定)均不构成此搭配。故C项正确。
【参考答案】C
14.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行形容词词义辨析的能力。设空处说"我不知道为什么我一直对此如此____"。作者回想起来觉得当时的担心是多余的,A项"stressed"(焦虑的、有压力的)符合回想时对自己过去心理状态的描述;B项"curious"(好奇的)、C项"mad"(疯狂的)、D项"disappointed"(失望的)均不符合。故A项正确。
【参考答案】A
15.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中进行不定代词辨析的能力。设空处所在句意为"有时1你非常担心某事,结果却发现____"。D项"nothing"与"turn out to be nothing"搭配,意为"结果没什么大不了的";A项"something"(某事)、B项"everything"(一切)、C项"anything"(任何事)均不符合。故D项正确。
【参考答案】D
三、语法填空
【试题立意】
本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为"人与社会"下的"人际关系与友谊"领域。文章按照人生发展阶段(童年、青少年、中年、老年)依次论述友谊在不同年龄段的重要作用和积极意义。核心价值在于引导考生认识友谊是贯穿一生的精神财富,培养珍惜友谊、主动维系人际关系的意识。
【语篇解读】
Part 1 (Para. 1): 总起全文,指出每个人——无论处于哪个年龄段——都需要好朋友。
Part 2 (Para. 2): 论述童年和青少年时期友谊的作用。童年友谊培养分享与关爱的习惯;青少年时期朋友比家人更适合倾诉,能提供支持与引导。
Part 3 (Para. 3): 论述中年时期友谊的价值。面对中年危机时,好朋友能提供重要帮助。
Part 4 (Para. 4): 论述老年时期友谊的意义。有朋友相伴,晚年生活将保持快乐与趣味。
【试题分析】
1.【思维过程】 本题考查考生分析句中横线成分和使用名词的能力。设空处位于介词"During"之后,需用名词作宾语。"child"的名词形式"childhood"表示"童年时期",符合语境。
【参考答案】childhood
2.【思维过程】 本题考查考生通过分析句子结构进行主谓一致的能力。设空处为谓语动词,主语为"Making friends"(动名词短语作主语),谓语动词应用单数形式"is"。
【参考答案】is
3.【思维过程】 本题考查考生在语境中使用形容词比较级的能力。设空处前有"become",后文将青少年阶段与童年阶段对比,应使用"important"的比较级"more important",表示朋友"变得更加重要"。
【参考答案】more important
4.【思维过程】 本题考查考生分析句子结构和正确使用介词的能力。"go through"为固定搭配,意为"经历",设空处需填介词"through"。
【参考答案】through
5.【思维过程】 本题考查考生分析句子结构和正确使用非谓语动词的能力。设空处作后置定语修饰"problems","problems"与"face"之间为被动关系(被面临的问题),应用过去分词"faced"。
【参考答案】faced
6. 【思维过程】 本题考查考生分析句中横线成分和使用名词复数的能力。"other"后接可数名词复数,"family"在此意为"家人",复数形式为"families"。
【参考答案】families
7.【思维过程】 本题考查考生把握句间逻辑关系的能力。前文说"不能与父母和家人讨论",后文说"与朋友交流很舒服",两者形成对比,应用转折副词"However"或"Nevertheless"。
【参考答案】However/Nevertheless
8.【思维过程】 本题考查考生通过分析句子结构使用关系代词的能力。设空处引导定语从句修饰"friends",先行词指人,从句缺少主语,应用"who"或"that"。
【参考答案】who/that
9.【思维过程】 本题考查考生分析句子结构和正确使用动词时态的能力。"these days"表示"近来、现阶段",与现在进行时连用,表示当前正在发生的趋势,故填"are suffering"。
【参考答案】are suffering
10.【思维过程】 本题考查考生正确使用冠词的能力。"struggle"在此作可数名词,表示"一件难事、一场挣扎",且首次出现,应用不定冠词"a"。
【参考答案】a
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