谁能做句子的“谓语”？讲义 -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考英语语法核心考点，围绕谓语与非谓语动词的区分、时态语态应用及单句唯一谓语原则展开，以“定义阐释-规则解析-实例应用”的逻辑架构梳理知识点内在联系。通过考点梳理明确谓语动词的时态语态要求，方法指导区分非谓语动词的三种形式，真题训练（如单句改错、句型改写）帮助学生突破多谓语错误、非谓语形式误用等难点，体现复习教学的系统性和针对性。 资料以“讲练结合”为特色，创新采用“错误诊断-精准修正”教学策略，如句子改错题要求学生划出错误动词并说明原因（多谓语未变非谓语、缺be动词等），培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。设置单选、判断、改写等分层练习，配合答案解析实现即时反馈，确保学生在有限时间内掌握非谓语动词的正确应用。助力学生提升语法准确性和句子表达能力，为教师把控复习进度、实施针对性教学提供清晰指导。

谁能做句子的“谓语-predicate”？ （1）谓语成分 说明主语的动作或状态，有时态和语态的实义动词或系动词充当谓语。 例：2008年的奥运会在北京举行。 The 2008 Olympic Games was held in Beijing. （2）一句话中能否出现两个或两个以上的动词或动词短语？ 绝对不能，一句话只能有一个动词充当谓语，多余的动词全部变成非谓语动词(独立主格)，非谓语动词充当除谓语动词之外的所有成分。 谓语动词只能是动词；动词只能做谓语；不充当谓语的动词变形为：主动v+ing, 被动v+ed, 表目的 to do。 1.听到这个消息，她开心地跳了起来。 Hearing the news, she jumped with joy. 2.小夏推开门走了进去，看到学生们都坐在椅子上。 Xiaoxia pushed the door open, walking into the room and seeing students sitting on the chairs. [see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事] [see sb. do sth.看见某人做了某事] 3.明朝统治中国276年，被人们描绘为人类历史上最伟大的时代之一。 The Ming Dynasty had ruled China for 276 years, depicted as one of the greatest eras in human history. 4.唐朝时期，灯笼在很多地方流行起来，它象征着生活美满、生意兴隆。 Lanterns became/were popular in many places in the Tang Dynasty, symbolizing a happy life and prosperous business. （3）一句话中能否没有动词？ 绝对不能。当一句话需要动词而又没有动词的时候，加be动词，be动词无实义。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 练习篇 一、单项选择（10 题，核心区分谓语 / 非谓语、时态语态、单句唯一谓语） The ancient town ______ thousands of visitors every year. A. attract B. attracts C. attracting D. to attract ______ by millions of people, this poem ______ widely known. A. Loved; is B. Loving; be C. Loved; being D. To love; was Only one verb ______ as the real predicate in a simple sentence. A. serve B. serves C. serving D. to serve The new bridge ______ last year ______ the two towns together. A. built; connects B. build; connecting C. built; connecting D. building; connects ______ enough sleep, we ______ full of energy every day. A. Having; are B. Have; are C. Having; be D. To have; being This traditional craft ______ for hundreds of years. A. passes down B. passed down C. has been passed down D. passing down He stood at the street corner, ______ for his sister, and he ______ worried. A. waiting; felt B. wait; feel C. waited; feels D. to wait; feeling Without a verb, we ______ add the be verb to form a complete sentence. A. must B. must to C. musting D. to must ______ the warm wind, many people ______ out for a walk after dinner. A. Feeling; go B. Feel; goes C. Felt; going D. To feel; went The grand palace ______ in the 18th century ______ a famous scenic spot now. A. built; is B. building; was C. built; being D. to build; be 二、判断划线单词：谓语动词 / 非谓语动词（6 题，写出判断结果） Finishing all homework, she watched cartoon videos.（watched） Finishing all homework, she watched cartoon videos.（Finishing） Seen from the hilltop, the whole village looks amazing.（looks） Seen from the hilltop, the whole village looks amazing.（Seen） To learn painting well, she practices every afternoon.（practices） To learn painting well, she practices every afternoon.（To learn） 三、句子改错（8 题，划出错误动词，修改并说明错误原因：多谓语未变非谓语 / 缺 be 动词 / 形式错误） Walk through the forest, we discover many wild flowers. The museum build twenty years ago attract lots of tourists. Want improve your writing, you need to read more articles. The old castle stand on the mountain, know by all local people. Many trees cut down last year, the environment become worse. Very tired after a long trip, he fall asleep immediately. The custom pass down for generations, it still popular today. Reach the top of the mountain, they take many beautiful photos. 四、句型改写（4 题，合并单句，保留 1 个谓语，多余动词改为正确非谓语） She bought a box of books. She shared them with her classmates.（合并一句） The temple was built 600 years ago. It keeps its original style.（合并一句） He wanted to learn paper cutting. He visited the old craftsman.（用 to do 改写） People praise this folk song. It spreads all over the country.（用 done 改写） 五、简答填空题（2 题，按知识点作答） 简单句中如果缺少动词，需要补充哪类动词作谓语？ 一个简单句中允许存在几个谓语动词？多余动词要变形为哪三类非谓语形式？ 答案篇 一、单选 1.B 主语 town 单数，attracts 为本句唯一谓语 2.A loved 非谓语，is 系动词作谓语 3.B one verb 单数，serves 作谓语 4.A built 非谓语，connects 是谓语 5.A having 非谓语，are 系动词谓语 6.C 现在完成时被动，整体作谓语 7.A waiting 伴随非谓语，felt 过去式谓语 8.A must 情态动词，后接动词原形共同构成谓语 9.A feeling 非谓语，go 实义动词谓语 10.A built 非谓语，is 系动词谓语 二、判断谓语 / 非谓语 watched：谓语动词 Finishing：非谓语动词 looks：谓语动词 Seen：非谓语动词 practices：谓语动词 To learn：非谓语动词 三、改错 Walk → Walking；两个动词，walk 为多余动作，改为 doing 非谓语 build→built；attract→attracts；build 被动非谓语，主语 museum 单数谓语用 attracts Want improve → To improve；表目的用 to do 非谓语 stand→stands；know→known；stand 作谓语，know 被动非谓语 cut→cut；become→became；cut 过去分词非谓语，become 作谓语 fall→fell；主句缺少正确时态谓语动词 pass→passed；it 后加 is；passed 非谓语，is 为必需系动词谓语 Reach→Reaching；reach 主动伴随，改为 doing 非谓语，take 为谓语 四、句型改写 Having bought a box of books, she shared them with her classmates. Built 600 years ago, the temple keeps its original style. To learn paper cutting, he visited the old craftsman. Praised by people, this folk song spreads all over the country. 五、简答填空 be 动词（am/is/are/was/were） 只能有 1 个谓语动词；多余动词变为：doing（主动）、done（被动）、to do（目的） $