Unit 1 Back to school 课后同步作业练习（译林版）-2027届新高考高三英语第一轮复习

**基本信息** 高三一轮复习同步练，通过梯度化阅读理解与七选五设计，覆盖从细节理解到语篇逻辑的知识进阶，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|细节理解（如学费计算）|单一句型与核心词汇考查，对应课时基础目标| |提升层|推理判断（如Balme创办理念）|复杂语篇分析，需整合跨段落信息，培养思维逻辑性| |综合层|七选五语篇补全|考查上下文逻辑衔接，强化语篇建构能力，适配一轮复习综合应用需求|

2027届新高考高三第一轮复习 高三英语备课组 新课标 · 新高考2027届高三第一轮复习 课后同步作业练习 答案与解析 第1讲　UNIT 1　Back to school 班级：_________ 学号：_________ 姓名：_________ 分数：_________ Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分) (2026·济南市高三学习质量检测) Stanford University has announced a special distance-learning opportunity for outstanding high school and university students from China with the course titled “Design Thinking into Action:Adolescent Psychological and Physical Health”. Fall course dates September 21 to November 23.(Final deadline to apply:August 31.Early-bird deadline:June 1.) Applications are considered on a rolling basis. Tuition(学费) $4,000 (Early-bird:$3,500).10% off for two or more sign-ups. What to gain Students who successfully complete the course will receive a Certificate of Completion from Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education,Stanford University.Students will also gain practical and academic skills. ·10 “virtual classes” online in real time on Saturday mornings at 9:00 Beijing time; ·Pre-recorded,university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University; ·Real-time discussions led by guest lecturers to familiarize students with the dynamics of classroom participation in Stanford University; ·Short writing assignments to improve critical thinking skills. Requirements included: ·Registration in grades 10,11,or 12 in a high school in China with outstanding academic experience,or in year 1 or 2 in a university in China; ·Ability to read,write,and discuss complex ideas in English; ·A complete application including a written personal statement,school report and availability for a virtual interview; ·Use of a personal computer,camera,microphone,and reliable access to a broadband Internet connection. Admission to this program is competitive;up to 30 outstanding students will be accepted. 1.What is the payment for two early-bird applicants? A.$3,500. B.$4,000. C.$6,300. D.$7,000. 2.What does the course offer to students? A.Discussions with Stanford students. B.Professional instructions in writing. C.10 classes in the Standford campus. D.Some recorded lectures by experts. 3.What is a must for applicants? A.A good grasp of English. B.A recommendation letter. C.Experience in interviews. D.Completion of high school. (2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试) To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs,families sit in the crowd at the hall of Horace Mann Middle School here.They are waiting,slightly anxious.These families are participating in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark. The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice(学徒) teachers.Lawyers,hair stylists,and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about.Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. Nationally,some 30 percent of US high school students drop out.“While improved curricula(课程),better teaching,and modern equipment may be part of the solution,you have to have the relevance,”says Mr.Balme about his Spark program. The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship,the other of success and prosperity(繁荣)—hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.He was also studying at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. The public school was in bad shape,with a high dropout rate.While walking back to the Wharton School,Balme realized he was “seeing all these resources,and yet those kids had no idea what was right there all around them”.That’s when everything fell into place.The problem and the solution were right next to each other.In 2004,he and Melia Dicker founded Spark. Apprenticeships are“not rocket science”,says Holly Depatie,Spark’s board chair.But other coaching programs,such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America,while pairing youngsters with adults,don’t specifically target learning about jobs.So far,Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles. 4.How does Spark help the students? A.By updating teaching equipment. B.By offering hands-on experiences. C.By financing young apprentices. D.By improving school curricula. 5.What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark? A.The dropout rate of US high schools. B.The prosperity in famous universities. C.The expectation of disadvantaged teens. D.The imbalance in educational resources. 6.Which word best describes Balme? A.Reserved. B.Grateful. C.Observant. D.Modest. 7.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A.To show Spark’s distinction. B.To justify similar programs. C.To tackle Spark’s challenge. D.To criticize current situations. (2026·江苏南京中华中学二模) The ability to connect an event with its consequences—experts use the term associative learning—is a crucial skill for adapting to the environment. Recent findings show that adults fail to demonstrate the highest learning performance in this area. This paves the way for a fresh perspective on associative learning disorders,which are linked to the development of mental illness later in life. Researchers from Ruhr University Bochum conducted groundbreaking experiments across four age groups: babies (0-3),primary school children (6-12),teenagers (13-19),and adults. Participants were required to identify patterns between visual pictures and corresponding rewards through computer-based tasks. Several learning sessions were then integrated to assess performance stability. The research team was amazed by the results:“We’d initially assumed that associative learning improves continuously with increasing age,” says Dr. Carolin Konrad. However,there was a clear peak in performance at primary school: “Children at this age achieved the best results,learned most consistently and showed the least variability in their learning behavior.” Although adults and teenagers learned faster than babies,they didn’t reach the performance level of primary school children. It also emerged that repeated exposure to the learned material plays a crucial role for babies and teenagers since an additional learning session led to an improvement in learning performance in these age groups. Teenagers improved 40% after additional practice sessions,whereas adults showed minimal progress. This finding highlights the “sensitive period” phenomenon—the brain’s higher plasticity during childhood that allows more efficient knowledge strength. The study shows that associative learning is present across the lifespan but that the rates and quantities of learning vary. “This mental capacity not only helps us avoid dangers but also influences emotional regulation patterns,” concludes Konrad. “Early identification of associative learning difficulties could serve as an indicator for future mental health risks.” 8.Which is an example of associative learning? A.A baby grasps an object placed in its hand. B.A student works harder after getting good grades. C.A driver keeps speeding up when receiving a ticket. D.A cook follows his recipe despite customer complaints. 9.What were the participants required to do in the experiments? A.Identify the relationship between different groups. B.Watch and record their own performance over time. C.Assess their learning progress during the sessions. D.Pair pictures with rewards through computer-based tasks. 10.What surprised the researchers about associative learning? A.Adults possessed greater adaptability. B.Primary schoolers outperformed others. C.Teenagers peaked in learning performance. D.Babies required frequent exposure to knowledge. 11.Why is the “sensitive period” phenomenon mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To show learning ability differences across all ages. B.To advise adults to learn efficiently in a gradual way. C.To stress the significance of learning during childhood. D.To demonstrate the brain’s ability to adapt in adulthood. Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) (2026·济南市高三学习质量检测) Luck can really feel random,and it can be tough to know how to get good luck.Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned.Others may be convinced they can’t catch a lucky break.　1　 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.  Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck.When you expect good things to happen,you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes.By embracing this positive attitude,you become stronger in the face of challenges.　2　 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.  　3　 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune.According to psychologist Richard Wiseman,the No.1 predictor of how many lucky breaks a person has is how interconnected they are with others.Additionally,the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.  Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold(大胆自信的) actions.Even if you’re not typically seen as bold,you can still enhance your confidence.For example,if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects,polish your resumé(简历) and apply to job listings that interest you.　4　 By welcoming risks,you create opportunities for luck to find you.  Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas.Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track.But remember:Stay realistic.It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial.　5　  A.These actions help generate ideas. B.You also bounce back more quickly. C.Social connections can affect your luck. D.However,luck is not just a matter of chance. E.Actually,luck is something you’re born with. F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it. G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains. 第 2 页 共 8 页 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $2027届新高考高三第一轮复习 高三英语备课组 新课标 · 新高考2027届高三第一轮复习 课后同步作业练习 答案与解析 第1讲　UNIT 1　Back to school 班级：_________ 学号：_________ 姓名：_________ 分数：_________ Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分) (2026·济南市高三学习质量检测) Stanford University has announced a special distance-learning opportunity for outstanding high school and university students from China with the course titled “Design Thinking into Action:Adolescent Psychological and Physical Health”. Fall course dates September 21 to November 23.(Final deadline to apply:August 31.Early-bird deadline:June 1.) Applications are considered on a rolling basis. Tuition(学费) $4,000 (Early-bird:$3,500).10% off for two or more sign-ups. What to gain Students who successfully complete the course will receive a Certificate of Completion from Stanford Program on International and Cross-cultural Education,Stanford University.Students will also gain practical and academic skills. ·10 “virtual classes” online in real time on Saturday mornings at 9:00 Beijing time; ·Pre-recorded,university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University; ·Real-time discussions led by guest lecturers to familiarize students with the dynamics of classroom participation in Stanford University; ·Short writing assignments to improve critical thinking skills. Requirements included: ·Registration in grades 10,11,or 12 in a high school in China with outstanding academic experience,or in year 1 or 2 in a university in China; ·Ability to read,write,and discuss complex ideas in English; ·A complete application including a written personal statement,school report and availability for a virtual interview; ·Use of a personal computer,camera,microphone,and reliable access to a broadband Internet connection. Admission to this program is competitive;up to 30 outstanding students will be accepted. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学提供的远程学习课程。 1.What is the payment for two early-bird applicants? A.$3,500. B.$4,000. C.$6,300. D.$7,000. 答案　C　[数字计算题。根据Tuition(学费)部分的内容可知,早期申请者的学费是每人3 500美元,两人或多人一起报名可以享受10%的折扣。因此,两个早期申请者的总费用是3 500×2×(1-10%)=6 300(美元)。] 2.What does the course offer to students? A.Discussions with Stanford students. B.Professional instructions in writing. C.10 classes in the Standford campus. D.Some recorded lectures by experts. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据What to gain部分的“Pre-recorded,university-level lectures by leading scholars from Stanford University”可知,该课程提供预先录制的斯坦福大学一流学者的大学水平的讲座。D项的“experts”与文中的“leading scholars”是同义表达。] 3.What is a must for applicants? A.A good grasp of English. B.A recommendation letter. C.Experience in interviews. D.Completion of high school. 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据Requirements included部分的“Ability to read,write,and discuss complex ideas in English”可知,申请者必须具备用英语阅读、写作和讨论复杂想法的能力。] (2026·武汉市高中毕业生调研考试) To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs,families sit in the crowd at the hall of Horace Mann Middle School here.They are waiting,slightly anxious.These families are participating in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark. The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice(学徒) teachers.Lawyers,hair stylists,and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about.Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. Nationally,some 30 percent of US high school students drop out.“While improved curricula(课程),better teaching,and modern equipment may be part of the solution,you have to have the relevance,”says Mr.Balme about his Spark program. The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship,the other of success and prosperity(繁荣)—hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.He was also studying at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. The public school was in bad shape,with a high dropout rate.While walking back to the Wharton School,Balme realized he was “seeing all these resources,and yet those kids had no idea what was right there all around them”.That’s when everything fell into place.The problem and the solution were right next to each other.In 2004,he and Melia Dicker founded Spark. Apprenticeships are“not rocket science”,says Holly Depatie,Spark’s board chair.But other coaching programs,such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America,while pairing youngsters with adults,don’t specifically target learning about jobs.So far,Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了解决教育资源不平衡的问题,Spark项目通过将学生与志愿者学徒教师配对,提供工作场所经历,帮助经济上处于不利地位的青少年接触不同职业,减少辍学率。 4.How does Spark help the students? A.By updating teaching equipment. B.By offering hands-on experiences. C.By financing young apprentices. D.By improving school curricula. 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是其中的“Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences...probably only imagined.”可知,Spark项目通过将经济上处于不利地位的青少年与他们感兴趣的行业联系起来,提供工作场所的经历。因此,Spark通过提供实际的工作经历来帮助学生,故选B。hands-on“亲身实践的”。] 5.What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark? A.The dropout rate of US high schools. B.The prosperity in famous universities. C.The expectation of disadvantaged teens. D.The imbalance in educational resources. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第四段和第五段内容尤其是第四段中的“The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship,the other of success and prosperity(繁荣)—hit Balme”和第五段首句可知,教育资源的不平衡促使他和Melia Dicker在2004年创立了Spark。因此,教育资源的不平衡是Balme创立Spark的主要动力。] 6.Which word best describes Balme? A.Reserved. B.Grateful. C.Observant. D.Modest. 答案　C　[推理判断题。文章中提到,Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师时,注意到了学校资源匮乏和学生辍学率高的问题。他通过观察周围环境,意识到学生们不知道周围的资源。这种敏锐的观察力促使他创立了Spark。因此选C。A项“矜持的”;B项“感激的”;C项“善于观察的,观察力敏锐的”;D项 “谦虚的”。] 7.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A.To show Spark’s distinction. B.To justify similar programs. C.To tackle Spark’s challenge. D.To criticize current situations. 答案　A　[写作目的题。最后一段提到,Spark的学徒计划与其他类似的辅导计划不同,因为Spark专门针对职业学习,而其他计划虽然也将年轻人与成年人配对,但不特别针对职业学习。因此,作者的目的是展示Spark的独特之处。distinction“特质,特点,不同凡响”。] (2026·江苏南京中华中学二模) The ability to connect an event with its consequences—experts use the term associative learning—is a crucial skill for adapting to the environment. Recent findings show that adults fail to demonstrate the highest learning performance in this area. This paves the way for a fresh perspective on associative learning disorders,which are linked to the development of mental illness later in life. Researchers from Ruhr University Bochum conducted groundbreaking experiments across four age groups: babies (0-3),primary school children (6-12),teenagers (13-19),and adults. Participants were required to identify patterns between visual pictures and corresponding rewards through computer-based tasks. Several learning sessions were then integrated to assess performance stability. The research team was amazed by the results:“We’d initially assumed that associative learning improves continuously with increasing age,” says Dr. Carolin Konrad. However,there was a clear peak in performance at primary school: “Children at this age achieved the best results,learned most consistently and showed the least variability in their learning behavior.” Although adults and teenagers learned faster than babies,they didn’t reach the performance level of primary school children. It also emerged that repeated exposure to the learned material plays a crucial role for babies and teenagers since an additional learning session led to an improvement in learning performance in these age groups. Teenagers improved 40% after additional practice sessions,whereas adults showed minimal progress. This finding highlights the “sensitive period” phenomenon—the brain’s higher plasticity during childhood that allows more efficient knowledge strength. The study shows that associative learning is present across the lifespan but that the rates and quantities of learning vary. “This mental capacity not only helps us avoid dangers but also influences emotional regulation patterns,” concludes Konrad. “Early identification of associative learning difficulties could serve as an indicator for future mental health risks.” 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是不同年龄段在联想学习能力上的差异,以及儿童期学习的高效性对心理健康的影响。 8.Which is an example of associative learning? A.A baby grasps an object placed in its hand. B.A student works harder after getting good grades. C.A driver keeps speeding up when receiving a ticket. D.A cook follows his recipe despite customer complaints. 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The ability to connect an event...adapting to the environment.” 可知,联想学习是指将事件与其结果联系起来的能力,B选项中“学生因为取得好成绩而更加努力学习”符合这一定义,因为它体现了事件(取得好成绩)与结果(更加努力学习)之间的关联。故选B项。] 9.What were the participants required to do in the experiments? A.Identify the relationship between different groups. B.Watch and record their own performance over time. C.Assess their learning progress during the sessions. D.Pair pictures with rewards through computer-based tasks. 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Participants were required to identify...through computer-based tasks.” 可知,参与者需要通过计算机任务将图片与奖励配对。故选D项。] 10.What surprised the researchers about associative learning? A.Adults possessed greater adaptability. B.Primary schoolers outperformed others. C.Teenagers peaked in learning performance. D.Babies required frequent exposure to knowledge. 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,there was a clear peak...they didn’t reach the performance level of primary school children.”可知,研究人员惊讶地发现,小学生阶段的孩子取得了最佳成绩,学习最稳定,学习行为的差异性最小,由此可知,小学生在联想学习中的表现优于其他年龄段的人群。故选B项。] 11.Why is the “sensitive period” phenomenon mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To show learning ability differences across all ages. B.To advise adults to learn efficiently in a gradual way. C.To stress the significance of learning during childhood. D.To demonstrate the brain’s ability to adapt in adulthood. 答案　C　[写作意图题。根据倒数第二段中的“This finding highlights the ‘sensitive period’ phenomenon...efficient knowledge strength.”可知,儿童时期大脑的高可塑性使知识学习更高效,由此可知,第四段中提到“敏感期”为了强调儿童时期学习的重要意义。故选C项。] Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) (2026·济南市高三学习质量检测) Luck can really feel random,and it can be tough to know how to get good luck.Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned.Others may be convinced they can’t catch a lucky break.　1　 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.  Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck.When you expect good things to happen,you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes.By embracing this positive attitude,you become stronger in the face of challenges.　2　 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.  　3　 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune.According to psychologist Richard Wiseman,the No.1 predictor of how many lucky breaks a person has is how interconnected they are with others.Additionally,the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.  Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold(大胆自信的) actions.Even if you’re not typically seen as bold,you can still enhance your confidence.For example,if you’re feeling unhappy about your career prospects,polish your resumé(简历) and apply to job listings that interest you.　4　 By welcoming risks,you create opportunities for luck to find you.  Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas.Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track.But remember:Stay realistic.It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial.　5　  A.These actions help generate ideas. B.You also bounce back more quickly. C.Social connections can affect your luck. D.However,luck is not just a matter of chance. E.Actually,luck is something you’re born with. F.Making such a move is tough but well worth it. G.They are vital to turning opportunities into gains. 【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章探讨了如何通过有效策略吸引好运,强调积极心态、社交联系、大胆行动和开放新想法的重要性。 1.D　[此处需要填过渡句,引出下文关于运气可以通过有效策略被持续吸引的观点。选项D“然而,运气不仅仅是一个机会问题。”恰当地承接了上文提到的运气看似随机且好运难以获得,同时合理地引出了下文的内容。空后的代词It指代D项中的luck。] 2.B　[空前提到拥有积极心态会使你在面对挑战时更强大,此处应该也要讲拥有积极心态的好处;结合下文的“这让你在失败后再次尝试并找到新机会。”可知,选项B“你也能更快地振作起来。”符合语境。空后的代词This指代该句内容,空后的try again和B项中的bounce back呼应。] 3.C　[段落主旨句。空后讲述广泛的人际网络可以带来更多好运机会,心理学家 Richard Wiseman的研究表明,一个人拥有的幸运机会数量的第一个预示物是他们与其他人的联系有多密切;一个支持性的社区和友谊进一步提高你经历好运的机会。所以该段主要讲社交网络对好运的影响,故选项C“社交联系可以影响你的运气。”可以概括本段。] 4.F　[此处需要填入一个对大胆行动价值的评价的句子。结合下文“通过欢迎风险,你创造了让好运找到你的机会”可知,选项F“采取这样的行动很难,但非常值得。”承上启下,符合语境。] 5.G　[空前讲记住要现实,这不仅仅是观念模式的问题,而且还是随之发生的有益行动的问题。此处应该讲随之发生的有益行动的重要性。选项G “它们对于将机会转化为收益至关重要。”符合语境。G项中的They 指代的是空前的 the consequent actions that will be beneficial。] 第 2 页 共 8 页 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $