Unit 5 Save the Planet 重点词汇归纳 导学案-2026-2027学年高中英语冀教版必修第二册

该高中英语导学案聚焦Unit 5的17个核心词汇，涵盖词性、固定搭配、汉译英例句及词形转换。课堂导入通过旧词复习（如react与response关联）搭建学习支架，引导学生从已知词汇过渡到新词，梳理词汇用法脉络。 资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过例句翻译和搭配填空提升语言理解与表达能力，结合词形转换和易混词辨析（如accuse/charge/blame对比）培养思维品质，结构化设计助力学生自主归纳词汇规律，提升学习能力，习题贴近生活且对比清晰，强化词汇应用效果。

Unit 5 · 1. protest 1）n. 抗议，反对 ______________（对…）提出抗议 顾客们对产品的售后服务提出抗议。____________________________ ______________抗议… 导演对该决定表示抗议辞职。____________________________ 2）v.（公开）反对，抗议 ______________ 抗议… 他们抗议拆除这座已有800年历史建筑的提议。____________________________ · 2. declare v. 宣称；公布；表明 ______________ 声明赞成/反对… 许多人支持教育改革。____________________________ ______________ 向…宣战 德国于8月3日对法国宣战。____________________________ ______________ 宣布某人/某物为… 该画作被认定为赝品。____________________________ ______________ 据宣布… · 3. exist v. 存在；生存 ______________ 在…之中 这种交叉对话在中国存在多久了？____________________________ ______________ 靠…生存 他们根本不可能靠这么微薄的收入生存。____________________________ ______________ 存在… 地球上很久以前就存在恐龙。____________________________ [词形转换] 1）______________ adj. 现存的，现行的 2）______________ n. 存在；生存 ______________ 现存的；现有的 ______________ 产生，成立 = ______________ · 4. react v. 1）起反应；回应；过敏 ______________（通过做某事）对…做出反应 ______________ 对…过敏 有些人对某些食物反应很差。____________________________ ______________ 对抗… 2）起化学反应 ______________ 与…起化学反应 铁会与水和空气反应产生锈蚀。____________________________ [词形转换] 1）______________ n. 反应 ______________ 对…做出反应 一位发言人表示，这些变动并非针对公司近期的亏损。 ____________________________ · 5. attempt 1）v. 尝试，试图，努力 ______________ 试图/努力做某事 每年约有4万人尝试攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山。 ____________________________ 2）n. 企图，尝试，试图 ______________ 试图做某事 我试图说服她改变主意，但完全失败了。____________________________ ______________ 试图做某事 他们关闭了这条路，试图减少城市内的交通。____________________________ · 6. flood 1）n. 洪水；水量 ______________（河水）上涨，泛滥 河流泛滥了。____________________________ ______________泪如泉涌 孩子泪流满面。____________________________ ______________ 大量的 2）vi. 淹没；大量涌入 ______________ 涌进；大量涌入 数百人开始涌入捐款。____________________________ 3）vt. 使灌满水；淹没 ______________ 用…充满…（常用被动______________） 晨光柔和地洒满了房间。____________________________ 4）v.（感觉或回忆）涌上心头；（光线）倾泻，照亮；（某物）大量涌来 ______________（感觉或回忆）涌上心头，涌现 我在上海的时光涌上心头。____________________________ · 7. alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的 我们都听说全球气温正以惊人的速度上升。____________________________ [词形转换] 1）______________ v. 使惊恐，使害怕 n. 恐慌；警报；闹钟 ______________ 惊恐地 突然，楼下传来一声巨响，让艾莉惊叫起来。____________________________ ______________ 发出警报 我敲遍了所有的门，发出警报。____________________________ 2）______________ adj. 惊恐的 ______________ 因某事而担心 · 8. advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的 [词形转换] 1）______________ ① n. 前进；发展 ______________ 在…方面取得进展 在英语老师的帮助下，他在口语英语方面取得了巨大进步。 ________________________________________________________ ______________ 提前（ahead of time） 如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来，我会很感激。____________________________ ______________ 在…前 ② 前进；发展 · 9. charge 1）n. ① 主管，负责； ______________ 负责/主管… = ______________ ______________ 由…负责/主管 史密斯教授现负责公司，该公司曾由怀特教授负责。 ____________________________ ______________ 负责/主管某事 需要一位有经验的管理者负责日常工作。____________________________ ② 费用，价钱 ______________ 免费 ③ 冲锋 ______________ 带头冲锋；起领导作用 虽然DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究表明，现在女性在推动这一潮流。 ____________________________ 2）v. ①（向…）收费；开价 ______________ 因某事（向某人）收费 餐厅收了我们40美元买酒。____________________________ ② 指控，控告 ______________ 因（做）某事指控某人 亨利被控驾驶时不加注意和不注意。____________________________ [易混辨析] accuse/ charge/ blame 易混词 用法 accuse 意为“指控；指责”，常用搭配accuse sb. of (doing) sth. charge 意为“指控；控告”，常用搭配charge sb. with (doing) sth. blame 意为“指责；责备”，常用搭配 blame sb. for (doing) sth. · 10. defend v. 保卫，保护；防御；辩解；为…辩护 _____________ 保护…免受… 良好的饮食、充足的睡眠和规律的锻炼可以提升我们防御疾病的能力。 __________________________ [词形转换] 1）_____________ n. 防御；辩护；保护 _____________ 保护… _____________ 为某人辩护 2）_____________ adj. 防御的；自卫的 · 11. equipment n. 设备，器材 实验需要两件设备。__________________________ [词形转换] 1）_____________ v. 装备，配备 _____________ 用某物装备某人/某物 他们装备了最好的工具，出发前往森林。__________________________ _____________ 配备有… _____________ 使某人能够做某事 他的工作经验使他能够应对这些问题。__________________________ · 12. donate v. 捐赠，赠送；献（血） ___________ 将某物捐赠给某人/某物 毕业前，我们学校许多学生将他们的书籍捐赠给学校图书馆。 ______________________ [词形转换] 1）___________ n. 捐赠；捐赠物 ___________（向…）捐赠（某物） 大礼堂里挤满了前来为地震灾民捐款的人。 2）___________ n. 捐赠者 · 13. select v. 选择，挑选 ___________ 挑选某人做某事 我们选他参加英语比赛。______________________ ___________ 挑选某人担任… 我们选择巴里作为团队负责人，因为他非常负责任。 ______________________ [词形转换] 1）___________ n. 挑选 ___________ 各种各样可供选择的… 2）___________ adj. 选择性的；认真挑选的 · 14. inspire v. 1）启发思考，赋予灵感 美丽的风景激发了作曲家的灵感。______________________ 2）鼓舞，鼓励 ___________ 鼓励某人（某事） 他的精彩表现激励球队以5：0惊险获胜。______________________ ___________ 鼓励某人做某事 老师对我的信任激励我去做一些我从未想过的事情。 ______________________ 3）使产生（感觉或情感） ___________ 使某人产生…感觉/情感 = ___________ 父亲给儿子带来了快乐。______________________ [词形转换] 1）___________ n. 灵感 2）___________ adj. 品质优秀的，借助于灵感创作的 3）___________ adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 · 15. deliver 1）v. 递送；传达 ___________ 把某物运送给某人 你能帮我把我的话转交给她吗？______________________ ___________ 让…送过来 你的牛奶是送货的吗？______________________ 2）vt. 发表，宣布 ___________ 发表演讲 3）vt. 接生；分娩 ___________ 接生 [词形转换] 1）___________ n. 递送；分娩 ___________ 抵达 请在货物交付时付款。______________________ · 16. demand 1）n. 要求；需求 ___________ 有需求地 如今，中国教师在国外需求量很大。______________________ ___________ 满足某人（对…）的要求 2）vt. 强烈要求；需求 ___________ 向某人要某物 ___________ 要求做某事 警察拦住我，要求我看驾照。______________________ [词形转换] 1）___________ adj. 要求高的 · 17. reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 米勒是一位安静可靠的助理。______________________ [词形转换] 1）___________ v. 依靠；依赖 ___________ 依靠；依赖 = ___________ = ___________ ___________ 指望某人做某事 我们必须依靠他来设计。______________________ ___________ 指望/相信… 你可以相信他会帮助你。______________________ [词形转换] 1）_______ n. 可靠；可信 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 · 1. protest 1）n. 抗议，反对 make a protest (against…)（对…）提出抗议 The customers made a protest against the after-sales service of the products. in protest at… 抗议… The director resigned in protest at the decision. 2）v.（公开）反对，抗议 protest against/ about/ at… 抗议… They are protesting against the proposal to tear down an 800-year-old building. · 2. declare v. 宣称；公布；表明 declare for/ against… 声明赞成/反对… Many people declared for the educational reform. declare war on… 向…宣战 Germany declared war on France on 3 August. declare sb./ sth. (to be)… 宣布某人/某物为… The painting was declared to be a forgery. It is declared that… 据宣布… · 3. exist v. 存在；生存 exist in… 存在…之中 How long has the crosstalk existed in China ? exist on… 靠…生存 It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income. There exists… 存在… There existed dinosaurs on the earth a long time agao. [词形转换] 1）existing adj. 现存的，现行的 2）existence n. 存在；生存 in existence 现存的；现有的 come into existence 产生，成立 = come into being · 4. react v. 1）起反应；回应；过敏 react to sth. (by doing sth.)（通过做某事）对…做出反应 react to… 对…过敏 People can react badly to some food. react against 对抗… 2）起化学反应 react with… 与…起化学反应 Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. [词形转换] 1）reaction n. 反应 in reaction to… 对…做出反应 A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the company’s recent losses. · 5. attempt 1）v. 尝试，试图，努力 attempt to do 试图/努力做某事 Every year about 40000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 2）n. 企图，尝试，试图 make an attempt to do/ at (doing) 试图做某事 I made an attempt to persuade her to change her mind, but I failed completely. in an attempt to do 试图做某事 They closed the road in an attempt to reduce traffic in the city. · 6. flood 1）n. 洪水；水量 be in flood（河水）上涨，泛滥 The river is in flood. in floods of tears 泪如泉涌 The child was in floods of tears. a flood of…/ floods of… 大量的 2）vi. 淹没；大量涌入 flood in/ into… 涌进；大量涌入 Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people. 3）vt. 使灌满水；淹没 flood…with… 用…充满…（常用被动be flooded with） The morning sun flooded the room with a gentle light. 4）v.（感觉或回忆）涌上心头；（光线）倾泻，照亮；（某物）大量涌来 flood over/ back（感觉或回忆）涌上心头，涌现 Memories of my time in Shanghai flooded back. · 7. alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的 We’re all heard that the global temperature is rising at an alarming rate. [词形转换] 1）alarm v. 使惊恐，使害怕 n. 恐慌；警报；闹钟 in alarm 惊恐地 All of a sudden, a loud noise came from downstairs, making Ellie cry out in alarm. raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报 I knocked on all the doors to raise the alarm. 2）alarmed adj. 惊恐的 be alarmed at/ by 因某事而担心 · 8. advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的 [词形转换] 1）advance ① n. 前进；发展 make an advance in/ make advances in… 在…方面取得进展 With the help of his English teacher, he has made great advances in his spoken English. in advance 提前（ahead of time） I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. in advance of 在…前 ② 前进；发展 · 9. charge 1）n. ① 主管，负责； in charge of… 负责/主管… = in one’s charge in the charge of… 由…负责/主管 Professor Smith is now in charge of the company, which was once in the charge of Professor White. take charge of… 负责/主管某事 An experienced manager is required to take charge of the day-to-day work. ② 费用，价钱 free of charge 免费 ③ 冲锋 lead the charge 带头冲锋；起领导作用 Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 2）v. ①（向…）收费；开价 charge (sb.) for sth. 因某事（向某人）收费 The restaurant charged us $40 for the wine. ② 指控，控告 charge sb. with sth. 因（做）某事指控某人 Henry has been charged with driving without care and attention. [易混辨析] accuse/ charge/ blame 易混词 用法 accuse 意为“指控；指责”，常用搭配accuse sb. of (doing) sth. charge 意为“指控；控告”，常用搭配charge sb. with (doing) sth. blame 意为“指责；责备”，常用搭配 blame sb. for (doing) sth. · 10. defend v. 保卫，保护；防御；辩解；为…辩护 defend…from/ against (doing)… 保护…免受… A good diet, plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend against diseases. [词形转换] 1）defence n. 防御；辩护；保护 in defence of… 保护… in one’s defence 为某人辩护 2）defensive adj. 防御的；自卫的 · 11. equipment n. 设备，器材 Two pieces of equipment were needed for the experiment. [词形转换] 1）equip v. 装备，配备 equip sb./ sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物 They equipped themselves with the best tools and set off for the forest. be equipped with 配备有… equip sb. to do 使某人能够做某事 His work experience equipped him to deal with these problems. · 12. donate v. 捐赠，赠送；献（血） donate sth. to sb./ sth. 将某物捐赠给某人/某物 Before graduation, many students in our school donated their books to the school library. [词形转换] 1）donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物 make a donation (of sth. to…)（向…）捐赠（某物） The large hall was filled with people who came to make a donation to the earthquake victims. 2）donator n. 捐赠者 · 13. select v. 选择，挑选 select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事 We selected him to take part in the English contest. select sb. as… 挑选某人担任… We selected Barry as the team leader because he was very responsible. [词形转换] 1）selection n. 挑选 a wide selection of… 各种各样可供选择的… 2）selective adj. 选择性的；认真挑选的 · 14. inspire v. 1）启发思考，赋予灵感 The beautiful scenery inspired the composer. 2）鼓舞，鼓励 inspire sb. (to sth.) 鼓励某人（某事） His superb play inspired the team to a thrilling 5:0 win. inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 The teacher’s trust in me has inspired me to do things that I never thought possible. 3）使产生（感觉或情感） inspire sb. with sth. 使某人产生…感觉/情感 = inspire sth. in sb. The father inspired his son with happiness. [词形转换] 1）inspiration n. 灵感 2）inspired adj. 品质优秀的，借助于灵感创作的 3）inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的 · 15. deliver 1）v. 递送；传达 deliver sth. to sb. 把某物运送给某人 Would you deliver my message to her ? have/ get sth. delivered 让…送过来 Do you have your milk delivered ? 2）vt. 发表，宣布 deliver a speech/ lecture 发表演讲 3）vt. 接生；分娩 deliver a baby 接生 [词形转换] 1）delivery n. 递送；分娩 on delivery 抵达 Please pay for goods on delivery. · 16. demand 1）n. 要求；需求 in demand 有需求地 Chinese teachers are in great demand abroad these days. meet/ satisfy one’s demands (for…) 满足某人（对…）的要求 2）vt. 强烈要求；需求 demand sth. of/ from sb. 向某人要某物 demand to do sth. 要求做某事 The policeman stopped me and demanded to see my driving license. [词形转换] 1）demanding adj. 要求高的 · 17. reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 Miller was a quiet and reliable assistant. [词形转换] 1）rely v. 依靠；依赖 rely on/ upon 依靠；依赖 = depend on/ upon = count on/ upon rely on/ upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 We have to rely on him to make the design. rely on/ upon it that… 指望/相信… You can rely on it that he will help you. [词形转换] 1）reliability n. 可靠；可信 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $