内容正文:
期末词汇复习
必修2·冀教版·Unit5 SavethePlanet.二
一、
重点单词详解
1:defence
、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.防御;保护
二、构词法(词性转换)
动词:defend/dr'fend(v.防御;辩护)
形容词:defensive/dI'fensIv/(adj.防御性的;戒备的)
名词:defence(由defend去尾字母d+-ce构成,美式拼写为defense)
三、用法与常见搭配
in defence of(为…辩护;保卫)
national defence(国防)
take defence measures(采取防御措施)
四、拓展用法
反义词:attack月'tek/(n.v.进攻)
易混词辨析:defence(侧重抽象概念)vs.protection(侧重具体保护行为)
2:transport
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v.运输;运送;n.运输:交通工具
二、构词法
词根:ans-(穿过)+pot(携带)→”携带穿过”→运输
名词:transportation./,traensp:'te虹/(n.交通运输系统)
三、用法与常见搭配
transport sth.fiom.to.(把某物从…运输到…)
public transport(公共交通)》
by transport(通过交通工具)
四、词性转换
作动词时重音在第二音节,作名词时重音在第一音节
3:recycle
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.回收利用;再循环
二、构词法
词根:re-(重新)+cycle(循环)→”重新循环”→回收
名词:recycling/,i:'sarkl/(n.回收利用)
形容词:recyclable/i:'sarklobl/(adj.可▣收的)
三、用法与常见搭配
recycle waste paper/plastic(▣收废纸/塑料)
recycling bins(回收箱)
四、拓展用法
环保主题高频词,写作中可替换reuse(重复使用)
4:donate
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:V.捐赠;捐献
巴、
构词法
名词:donation/daw'ne虹n/(n.捐赠物;捐款)
三、用法与常见搭配
donate sth.tosb./sth.(向…捐赠某物)
donate money to charity(向慈善机构捐款)
make a donation to(向…捐赠)
四、近义词辨析
donate(侧重主动赠予)vs.contribute(侧重贡献,可接to sth.)
5:exchange
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v.交换;交流;n.交换;交易所
二、构词法
词根:ex-(相互)+change(改变)→”相互改变”→交换
三、用法与常见搭配
exchange sth.with sb.(与某人交换某物)
exchange students(交换生)
in exchange for(作为…的交换)
四、拓展用法
易混词:change(侧重”改变)vs.exchange(侧重”互换)
6:inspire
一、核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:V.鼓舞;激发
二、构词法
词根:i-(向内)+spire(呼吸,源自拉丁语spirare)→”向内注入气息”→鼓舞
名词:inspiration/,msp3'ren/(n.灵感;鼓舞)
形容词:inspiring /in'spaa/(adj.鼓舞人心的)
inspired/m'sparad/(adj.受启发的)〉
三、
用法与常见搭配
inspire sb.to do sth.(激励某人做某事)
inspire confidence/.hope(激发信心/希望)
四、拓展用法
被动语态:be inspired by(受…启发)
7:export
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)、名词(n.)
核心义:v&n.输出:出口
二、构词法
词根:ex-(向外)+pot(携带)→”向外携带→出口
反义词:import./mp3:t/(v./n.进口)
三、用法与常见搭配
expo1tsth.to..(向…出口某物)
export trade(出口贸易)
四、词性转换
作动词时重音在第二音节,作名词时重音在第一音节
8:deliver
一、
核心考点
词性:动词(v.)
核心义:v.递送;传送;发表(演讲)
二、构词法
名词:delivery/dr'lrveri/(n.递送;分娩)
三、用法与常见搭配
deliver sth.tosb.(把某物递送给某人)
deliver a speech(发表演讲)
deliver on promises(履行承诺)
四、易混词辨析
deliver(侧重”送达)vs.send(侧重”发送”,不强调结果)
9:reliable
核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.可信赖的;可依靠的
二、构词法
动词:rely /I'lar/(v.依赖;信任)
副词:reliably'larebli/(adv.可靠地)
名词:reliability红lare'brlati/(n.可靠性)
三、用法与常见搭配
be reliable for(对…可靠)
a reliable source of information(可靠的信息来源)
rely on sb./sth.(依赖某人/某物)
四、反义词
unreliable/,'larebl/(adj.不可靠的)
10:majority
一、
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.大部分;大多数
二、构词法
形容词:major/merd3er)/(adj.主要的;多数的)
反义词:minority/mar''nprati/(n.少数;少数民族)
三、用法与常见搭配
the majority of+可数名词复数/不可数名词(大多数…)
in the majority(占多数)
四、语法要点
the majority of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词单复数由名词决定;单独使用时,谓语动词
可用单数或复数
11:complementary
一、核心考点
词性:形容词(adj.)
核心义:adj.互补的;补全的
、
构词法
动词:
complement/'kompliment/(v.补充;补足)
名词:complement(n.补充物)
易混词:complimentary/,kpmplI'mentri/(adj.赞美的;免费的)
三、用法与常见搭配
complementary to(与…互补)
complementa1 y colors(互补色)
四、拼写辨析
complementary(e前为i)vs.complimentary(e前为i,含义不同)
12:ought to
核心考点
词性:情态动词(aux.)
核心义:ax.应该;应当
二、
用法与常见搭配
ought to do sth.(应该做某事)
ought not to do sth.(不应该做某事)
三、语法要点
无人称和时态变化,否定形式为oughtn't to,疑问句将ought提前
四、辨析
ought to(强调责任或义务)vs.should(语气较弱,表建议):ought to比should更正式
13:province
一、核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.省份;领域
、
构词法
形容词:provincial/pra'vm/(adj.省的;地方性的)
三、用法与常见搭配
in the province of..(在…省)
within one's province(在某人的职权范围内)
四、拓展
表示”省份”时,中国省份前不加定冠词,如Henan Province
14:greenhouse
核心考点
词性:名词(n.)
核心义:n.温室;暖房
二、构词法
合成词:green(绿色)+house(房子)→”绿色的房子
二、词汇巩固练习
(一)单项选择(10题)
1.People should try toplastic bottles instead of throwing them away.
A)recycle
B)reuse
C)reduce
D)replace
2.We need to more food and medicine to the disaster area as soon as possible.
A)deliver
B)send
C)transport
D)carry
3.The company plans to_its products to European markets next year.
A)expoit
B)import
C)t杠ranspo1t
D)exchange
4.Afriend will always help you when you are in trouble
A)reliable
B)dependent
C)confident
D)independent
5.The_of students in our class support the new school rule.
A)majority
B)minority
C)amount
D)number
6.Youto finish your homework before watching TV.
A)ought
B)should
C)need
D)must
7.The two colors are to each other,creating a beautiful contrast.
A)complementary
B)complimentary
C)complete
D)complex
8.Many people money to charity to help poor children go to school.
A)donate
B)contribute
C)give
D)provide
9.Public in this city is very convenient,with buses and subways everywhere.
A)t杠ansport
B)transportation
C)traffic
D)journey
10.The soldiers are fighting bravely in_of their country.
A)defence
B)protection
C)guard
D)safety
(二)根据提示补全句子(8题)
1.We should put waste paper into the(recycle)bin
2.His speech was so(inspire)that many people decided to join the project
3.The(deliver)of the package will arrive tomorrow morning
4.She made a_(donate)of 1000 yuan to the local hospital.
5.(major)of the students in our school come from the countryside
6.It's important to improve the(reliable)of the new system.
7.The government is taking measures to promote_(recycle)of waste materials
8.He was(inspire)by his teacher to study harder.
(三)首字母填空(10题)
1.In order to protect the environment,we should rwaste materials
2.The company will e its goods to other countries next month
3.You oto tell your parents the truth about what happened.
4.The dof the letter took three days because of the bad weather
5.A m_of people prefer to travel by plane rather than by train.
6.This information comes from a reliable s_so we can believe it.
7.The two teams have different strengths and are cto each other
8.Many people d blood to help those in need during the disaster.
9.Public t in big cities is often crowded during rush hours
10.The soldiers are trained to defend the country and protect national d.
(四)答案与解析
1.单项选择答案:AAAAAAAAAA
解析1(第1题):
考查ecycle的固定用法。1 ecycle表示”回收利用”,符合句意”人们应该尝试回收塑料
瓶而不是扔掉它们”;reuse表示”重复使用”,educe表示”减少”,eplace表示”替换,
均不符合语境,故选A。
解析2(第2题):
考查deliver的固定用法。deliver表示”递送;运送,符合句意”我们需要尽快向灾区运
送更多食物和药品”;send强调”发送”,transport强调”运输”,cay强调”携带”,均不
符合语境,故选A。
解析3(第4题):
考查reliable的固定用法。reliable表示”可信濑的;可依靠的”,符合句意”一个可靠的
朋友在你遇到困难时总会帮助你?;dependent表示”依赖的”,confident表示”自信的”,
independent表示”独立的”,均不符合语境,故选A。
2.补全句子答案:
1.recycling 2.inspiring 3.delivery 4.donation 5.Majority 6.reliability 7.recycling 8.in-
spired
3.首字母填空答案:
1.recycle 2.export 3.ought 4.delivery 5.majority 6.source 7.complementary 8.donate 9.
transport 10.defence
英语词汇复习手册·必修2·Unit5 Save the Planet二