期末考前押题组合练（语法填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+六选五5篇+完形5篇+写作5篇）（青岛专用）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦期末高频题型，通过语篇整合语法、阅读与写作能力，强化语言运用与文化意识，构建“基础-能力-素养”递进训练体系。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|5篇|考查词形变化、冠词、介词等，依托健康、文化等主题语篇|以语法规则为核心，在语境中实现词法与句法的综合应用| |完形填空|5篇|上下文语境理解，涉及词汇辨析（如sight/alone）、固定搭配|通过故事发展串联词汇、逻辑与情感态度，提升思维品质| |六选五|5篇|段落衔接（过渡句、总结句），主题含自然灾难、文化差异|遵循“总-分”结构，训练信息筛选与篇章逻辑构建能力| |阅读理解|5篇|细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测，话题涵盖环保、心理等|从信息获取到深层理解，培养批判性思维与文化认知| |写作|5篇|主题表达（如文化习俗、自然奇观），结构规范，词数80-100|整合语言知识与主题内容，提升跨文化沟通与表达能力|

期末复习考前押题组合练 （语法填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+六选五5篇+完形5篇+写作5篇） 一、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Health and safety are of great importance in our daily life. Last Monday, Lily had 1 cough and felt really terrible. Her mother took her temperature at once and found she had a high fever. So they hurried to the hospital. The doctor checked her 2 (careful). He told Lily’s mother that Lily was suffering 3 a very bad cold. He gave her some 4 (pill) and advised her to have a good rest at home. On the way home, they saw a man riding a bike in front. Suddenly, the man lost control and fell off the bike. His knee was bruised 5 (bad), and there was even a small injury on his hand. Lily and her mother ran to help without hesitation. They used the first aid knowledge they learned before 6 (deal) with the injury. Then they called the emergency number for help. This experience made Lily deeply realize that people should always pay close attention to 7 (they)—especially their health. And when people are outside, they must be careful about 8 (safe) to avoid any harm. What’s more, knowing some basic first aid skills can be really helpful when facing 9 (ill) or accidents. We should also remember that a clean environment is good for our health, 10 we should try our best to protect it. 【答案】 1．a 2．carefully 3．from 4．pills 5．badly 6．to deal 7．themselves 8．safety 9．illness 10．so 【导语】文章讲述了莉莉的一次看病的路上帮助一个骑车受伤的男子经历。这次经历让莉莉深刻认识到人们应关注自身健康和安全，掌握基本急救技能很有帮助，同时要保护好环境。 1．句意：上周一，莉莉咳嗽了，感觉很糟糕。固定搭配have a cough表示“咳嗽”，所以此处填a。 2．句意：医生给她仔细地做了检查。修饰动词checked要用副词，careful的副词形式是carefully，意为“仔细地”。 3．句意：他告诉莉莉的妈妈莉莉得了重感冒。suffer from是固定短语，意为“患（病）；遭受”，这里表示莉莉患重感冒，所以填from。 4．句意：他给了她一些药，并劝她在家好好休息。pill是可数名词，some后接可数名词复数，所以此处填pills。 5．句意：他的膝盖严重擦伤了。修饰动词“was bruised”要用副词，bad的副词形式是badly，意为“严重地”。 6．句意：他们运用之前学到的急救知识来处理伤病。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“用之前学到的急救知识来处理伤口”，故填to deal。 7．句意：这段经历让莉莉深刻认识到，人们应该时刻关注自己——尤其是自己的健康。这里表示“关注他们自己”，主语是people，要用反身代词themselves。 8．句意：而人们在外面的时候，一定要注意安全，避免受到任何伤害。介词about后接名词，safe的名词形式是safety，意为“安全”。 9．句意：此外，了解一些基本的急救技能在面对疾病或事故时确实很有帮助。动词facing后接名词，ill的名词形式是illness，意为“疾病”。 10．句意：我们还应该记住，清洁的环境有利于我们的健康，因此我们应该尽力保护它。前后句是因果关系，前半句“清洁的环境对健康有益”是原因，后半句“我们应尽力保护它”是结果，所以用so连接。 在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (缩写词算一个词)。 There are many reasons why you may forget to smile. You may be worried about your life or you may be busy with other 1 (problem). Here are a few reasons why you should smile. Let you be beautiful. Wearing make-up (化妆品) can only make you look beautiful on your face. Real happiness comes 2 your deep heart and it shows on your face only through a smile. 3 you want to look attractive (吸引人的), you should smile a lot. Make you be healthy. A smile 4 (usual) shows that a person is happy. And being happy helps people to have 5 healthy life. Smiling can make you feel good and do good to your health. If you can be happy more often, it’s easier to keep 6 (you) in good health. Help you make more friends. You should do it right now. You have to be a 7 (friend) person, when you want to start a talk with people or know someone much 8 (good). So people can believe in you. Smiling is a way 9 (help) you make it more easily. Smiling 10 (make) it easier for people to get along with each other. 【答案】 1．problems 2．from 3．If 4．usually 5．a 6．yourself 7．friendly 8．better 9．to help 10．makes 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了微笑的好处，包括让人心情愉悦，强身健体，让人更友善，更容易交朋友，与人相处等。 1．句意：你可能为生活担忧，或是忙于其他问题。other后接可数名词复数，problem是可数名词，需变为复数形式problems。 2．句意：真正的快乐源自内心深处。come from意为“来自”，属于固定搭配。 3．句意：如果你想变得有魅力，就该多微笑。 此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，If符合逻辑，句首首字母需大写。 4．句意：微笑通常表示一个人很开心。此处需副词修饰动词shows，usual的副词形式是usually，意为“通常”。 5．句意：快乐有助于人们拥有健康的生活。固定搭配have a healthy life意为“过健康的生活”，healthy以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。 6．句意：如果你能更常感到快乐，就更容易保持身体健康。固定搭配keep oneself in good health意为“保持某人自己身体健康”，主语为you，反身代词用yourself。 7．句意：当你想要主动和别人搭话、或是想更深入地了解某人时，你必须做一个待人友善的人。修饰后面的名词person，要用形容词作定语，friend的形容词为friendly，意为“友善的”。 8．句意：当你想要主动和别人搭话、或是想更深入地了解某人时，你必须做一个待人友善的人。much后接形容词/副词比较级表示“……得多”，good的副词形式well的比较级为better，know sb. much better意为 “更了解某人”。 9．句意：微笑是一种帮助你更轻松应对的方式。固定搭配a way to do sth.意为“做某事的方式”，此处用不定式to help作后置定语。 10．句意：微笑让人们更容易相处。句子主语 Smiling是动名词，视为单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式makes。 Shadow puppet plays Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an. The audience(观众) can hear them, but they cannot see 1 (they). That is because they are 2 (put) on a shadow puppet play. Shadow puppets 3 (be) made of hard leather. The leather is cut out in the shape of a person, 4 animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in bright colors and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable (可移动的) arms and 5 (leg). During a shadow puppet play, Wang 6 (stand) behind a white screen with lights behind it. The audience sit in front 7 the screen. Wang and his friends hold(握着) the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets’ shadows 8 (clear). Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters. Shadow puppet plays are an ancient 9 (China) art. Now with TV and films, shadow puppet plays are not as popular as before. Wang and his friends often work very hard for little money, 10 they do not mind. They want to keep this traditional art form alive. 【答案】 1．them 2．putting 3．are 4．an 5．legs 6．stands 7．of 8．clearly 9．Chinese 10．but 【导语】本文通过介绍皮影戏的表演形式、制作材料、表演过程及现状，展现了这项中国传统艺术的独特魅力与传承困境。 1．句意：观众能听到他们的声音，但看不到他们。动词see后需跟人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，they的宾格为them。 2．句意：那是因为他们正在表演皮影戏。根据语境，此处表示“正在表演”，需用现在进行时，结构为“be+现在分词”，put的现在分词为putting。 3．句意：皮影是用硬皮革制成的。主语Shadow puppets为复数，句子时态为一般现在时，be动词用are。 4．句意：皮革被剪成人物、动物或物体的形状。此处表泛指“一只动物”，animal以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。 5．句意：一些皮影有可活动的胳膊和腿。and连接并列成分，arms为复数形式，leg也需用复数形式legs，表泛指。 6．句意：在皮影戏表演期间，王站在一块后面有灯光的白色幕布后。主语Wang为第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，动词stand需用第三人称单数形式stands。 7．句意：观众坐在幕布前。固定搭配in front of表示“在……（外部的）前面”，此处需填介词of。 8．句意：王和他的朋友们把皮影举得离幕布很近，这样观众就能清楚地看到皮影的影子。此处修饰动词see，需用副词形式，clear的副词为clearly。 9．句意：皮影戏是一种古老的中国艺术。此处修饰名词art，需用形容词形式，China的形容词为Chinese，表示 “中国的”。 10．句意：王和他的朋友们经常为了微薄的钱而努力工作，但他们并不介意。前后句为转折关系，需用连词but连接。 There is something magical about going on 1 bike ride in the great outdoors. Whether you’re an 2 (experience) cyclist or a beginner, cycling is good for you in many ways. Cycling gives you a break from your busy life. It can cut down your stress and worries. Scientists say that 3 (stay) in nature will make you calmer and happier. They also point out 4 cycling can even help build your confidence. Cycling in nature 5 (excite) your brain. Studies have shown that it helps improve your attention. You may meet some problems while cycling. As you try to deal 6 these problems, your creativity and life skills will improve. As you explore mountains and forests on your bike, you can get 7 (you) closer to nature. This helps you understand the need 8 (protect) the environment. There are a few things you should keep in mind while cycling, like being 9 (care) about road safety, respecting wildlife and not throwing away rubbish. Cycling can be hard. 10 , doing it as a group helps people stay active. You can go on a bike ride with friends or join a cycling group. Enjoy the fun with others in the arms of nature. 【答案】 1．a 2．experienced 3．staying 4． that 5．excites 6．with 7．yourself 8．to protect 9． careful 10． However 【导语】本文介绍了户外骑行的多重益处，包括缓解压力、提升注意力、增强自信、亲近自然，同时也提到了骑行的注意事项，鼓励人们通过骑行拥抱自然、享受健康的生活方式。 1．句意：在户外骑行有着某种魔力。go on a bike ride是固定搭配，意为“进行一次骑行”。 2．句意：无论你是一名有经验的骑行者还是初学者，骑行在很多方面都对你有益。此处需要形容词修饰名词cyclist，experience需用形容词形式，意为“有经验的”。 3．句意：科学家表示，待在自然中会让你更平静、更快乐。此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，动词作主语时需变为动名词形式。 4．句意：他们还指出，骑行甚至有助于建立你的自信。point out后接宾语从句，且从句cycling can even help build your confidence为陈述句，不缺成分，引导词that符合语境。 5．句意：在自然中骑行会刺激你的大脑。句子主语Cycling in nature为单数，文章整体为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。 6．句意：当你努力处理这些问题时，你的创造力和生活技能会得到提升。deal with是固定搭配，意为“处理、应对”。 7．句意：当你骑车探索山林时，你能让自己更亲近自然。此处主语和宾语指代同一个人（you），需用反身代词。 8．句意：这有助于你理解保护环境的必要性。the need to do sth.是固定用法，意为“做某事的必要性”，protect需变为不定式形式。 9．句意：骑行时你需要牢记几件事，比如注意道路安全、尊重野生动物和不乱扔垃圾。be careful about是固定搭配，意为“小心、注意”。 10．句意：骑行可能会很辛苦，然而，组队骑行能帮助人们保持活跃。前后句存在转折关系，且空后有逗号，句首首字母需大写，转折词However符合语境。 One warm day, five little ants found a big piece of cake on the ground! “Let’s take it home!” they cheered 1 (happy). “We’ll pull at the front!” said Tom and Tim. “I’ll push at the back!” Annie shouted. She was the 2 (strong) of the five. “Andy and I will lead the way!” cried Lulu. “There’re lots of sticks and 3 (stone) on the way. We must be careful.” The ants agreed. Tom, Tim and Annie tried their best to move the cake. Lulu and Andy ran in front. They moved small sticks away and warned Tom, Tim and Annie 4 big holes. Suddenly, it began to rain. “Be quick! Cover the cake!” Annie shouted. All quickly pulled the cake onto a big leaf and used another big leaf as 5 umbrella to keep the cake dry. After the rain, they kept walking. When a big puddle (水坑) was in the way, they used a thin stick as a small bridge across it. When the cake got stuck in a hole, they lifted it and pushed it little by little 6 it came out. Finally, the cake 7 (carry) to the ant hill. The queen ant was 8 (surprise). She asked, “How did you carry such a big piece of cake back?” “Alone, we are small,” Lulu said. “But together, we’re strong enough 9 (move) big things!” They shared the cake with other ants. The experience also increased their 10 (confident). They couldn’t wait for their next team adventure. 【答案】 1．happily 2．strongest 3．stones 4．of 5．an 6．until 7．was carried 8．surprised 9．to move 10．confidence 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了五只小蚂蚁在温暖的日子里发现了一大块蛋糕，它们分工合作、克服困难，最终成功将蛋糕搬回蚁穴并与大家分享的故事，体现了团结就是力量的主题。 1．句意：在一个温暖的日子，五只小蚂蚁在地上发现了一大块蛋糕！“我们把它带回家吧！”它们高兴地欢呼道。此处修饰动词“cheered”，应用副词形式。happy的副词是happily。 2．句意：她是这五只蚂蚁中最强壮的。根据前面的定冠词“the”和范围“of the five”可知，此处表示在五者中进行比较，应用形容词的最高级形式。strong的最高级是strongest。 3．句意：路上有很多树枝和石头。stone 意为“石头”，是可数名词。前面有“lots of”修饰，且and连接并列成分sticks为复数，故stone也应用复数形式。 4．句意：Lulu和Andy跑在前面。它们移开小树枝并警告Tom、Tim和Annie关于大洞的情况。固定搭配warn sb. of sth.，意为“警告/提醒某人注意某事”，of符合语境。 5．句意：大家都迅速把蛋糕拉到一片大叶子上，并用另一片大叶子作为一把伞来保持蛋糕干燥。umbrella是以元音音素开头的单词，且此处表示泛指“一把伞”，应用不定冠词an。 6．句意：当蛋糕卡在一个洞里时，它们把它抬起来一点一点地推，直到它出来为止。根据语境，它们一直推，动作持续到蛋糕出来才停止，表示“直到……为止”，应用连词until。 7．句意：最后，蛋糕被运到了蚁丘。主语“the cake” 与动词“carry”之间是被动关系，且故事发生在过去，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。cake是单数，故用was carried。 8．句意：蚁后很惊讶。此处作表语形容人的感受，应用-ed结尾的形容词。surprise的形容词形式是surprised“惊讶的”。 9．句意：但是在一起，我们足够强壮去移动大东西！be strong enough to do sth.是常用句型，意为“足够强壮去做某事”，enough后接动词不定式。 10．句意：这次经历也增加了它们的自信。their是形容词性物主代词，后接名词。confident是形容词，其名词形式是confidence“自信”，名词。 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lisa was a middle school student. Every Saturday afternoon, she went to the community to help an old lady named Mrs. Wang. Mrs. Wang lost her 1 after a serious illness and could not see anything. Her children worked in another city, so she lived 2 . At first, Lisa was a little nervous. She didn’t know 3 to talk to a blind person. But Mrs. Wang was kind and friendly. She told Lisa stories about her young days. Lisa would read newspapers to her and help her 4 the house. Sometimes they cooked together. Slowly, Mrs. Wang became 5 and smiled more often. She said Lisa was like her own granddaughter. Lisa also learned a lot from the experience. She understood that blind people need not only help but also 6 . Last week, there was a “Volunteer Star” 7 in the community. Lisa won the prize. When reporters asked her why she kept volunteering, she said, “Helping others makes me feel 8 . When I see Mrs. Wang’s smile, I know everything is worth it.” Lisa’s story 9 many students in her school. More and more students joined the volunteer team. They believe that 10 can light up the world if everyone gives a little love. 1．A．sight B．hearing C．voice D．memory 2．A．angrily B．quietly C．alone D．happily 3．A．what B．how C．when D．where 4．A．build B．move C．clean D．paint 5．A．sadder B．calmer C．shyer D．happier 6．A．money B．food C．respect D．advice 7．A．competition B．show C．meeting D．activity 8．A．tired B．warm C．bored D．surprised 9．A．changed B．worried C．touched D．helped 10．A．courage B．kindness C．knowledge D．patience 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中学生Lisa每周六下午帮助失明独居的王太太，最终获得“志愿之星”并激励同学的志愿故事。 1．句意：王太太在一场重病后失去了视力，什么也看不见了。 根据“could not see anything”可知，她失去的是视力，sight意为“视力”，符合语境。 2．句意：她的孩子们在另一个城市工作，所以她独自生活。 根据“Her children worked in another city”可知，她独自居住，alone意为“独自地”，符合独居描述。 3． 句意：她不知道如何与盲人交谈。 根据“didn’t know”和“to talk to a blind person”可知，不知道如何与盲人交，how表示方式，how to talk意为“如何交谈”，符合不知如何交流的语境。 4．句意：丽莎会给她读报纸，并帮助她打扫房子。 结合志愿工作的内容可知，打扫房间是合理的志愿服务内容，clean意为“打扫”，符合搭配。 5．句意：慢慢地，王太太变得更快乐了，笑容也更多了。 根据“smiled more often”可知，她的情绪变好了，happier意为“更快乐的”，符合笑容增多的描述。 6．句意：她明白了盲人不仅需要帮助，还需要尊重。 根据“not only help but also”的并列结构可知，respect与help并列，表示盲人需要的另一项内容，符合对盲人需求的深层理解。 7．句意：上周，社区里有一个“志愿之星”比赛。 根据“Lisa won the prize”可知，有比赛才会有奖项，competition意为“比赛”符合题意。 8．句意：帮助别人让我感到温暖。 根据“Helping others makes me feel”的语境可知，帮助他人常带来积极的情绪体验，warm意为“温暖的”，符合助人带来的积极感受。 9．句意：丽莎的故事感动了她学校的许多学生。 根据“More and more students joined”可知，故事产生了积极的情感影响并促使学生参与，touched意为“感动”，符合故事带来的影响。 10．句意：他们相信，如果每个人都献出一点爱，善良就能照亮世界。 根据“if everyone gives a little love”可知，付出爱所体现的是善良的品质，kindness意为“善良”，符合文章主题。 Last month, our city experienced a strong typhoon. Before it came, the weather report 1 us to stay at home and get ready for it. My family and I 2 lots of food, water and candles. We also closed all the windows tightly and moved the plants from the balcony (阳台) into the room. When the typhoon arrived, the wind blew 3 and the rain poured heavily. The trees outside were shaking strongly, and some branches even 4 off. We turned off the TV and computer to keep safe, and sat in the living room talking. My little sister was a bit scared at first, but we told her to stay 5 and everything would be fine. After the typhoon ended, we went outside to check the 6 . Many roads were covered with fallen leaves and branches, and some street signs were 7 . But 8 , our house was not damaged. The next day, workers came to clean the roads and repair the broken signs. This 9 taught me that it’s very important to follow the early warnings of disasters and prepare well. It also made me realize that following rules and working together can help us 10 difficult times easily. From then on, I pay more attention to weather reports and learn more about how to deal with different kinds of disasters. 1．A．told B．said C．spoke D．talked 2．A．sold B．bought C．borrowed D．gave 3．A．softly B．gently C．strongly D．quietly 4．A．jumped B．fell C．got D．turned 5．A．angry B．sad C．calm D．excited 6．A．situation B．information C．direction D．instruction 7．A．broken B．fixed C．new D．clean 8．A．unfortunately B．luckily C．sadly D．suddenly 9．A．accident B．plan C．message D．experience 10．A．bite through B．look through C．sweep through D．get through 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者全家经历台风的过程，包括灾前准备、灾中应对及灾后感悟，强调了互助与准备的重要性。 1．句意：在它到来之前，天气预报告诉我们要待在家里并做好准备。 根据语境，天气预报发出指令用tell最合适，且符合搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”，此处需用told。said后不能直接加人，spoke和talked需加to才能接人。 2．句意：我和家人买了很多食物、水和蜡烛。 根据灾前储备物资的生活常识，可知应为购买食物和水，对应bought。sold“卖”、borrowed“借”、gave“给”均不符合准备救灾物资的逻辑。 3．句意：当台风到来时，风刮得很猛烈，雨下得很大。 根据台风天气特征及后文树枝掉落，可知风很大，strongly符合语境。softly“柔和地”、gently“温柔地”、quietly“安静地”均与台风语境矛盾。 4．句意：外面的树摇晃得很厉害，一些树枝甚至掉了下来。 根据“fall off”可知此处指树枝被风吹断掉落，fell符合语境。jumped“跳”、got“得到”、turned“转动”均不符合树枝受风影响的语境。 5．句意：我的小妹妹起初有点害怕，但我们告诉她保持冷静，一切都会好的。 根据妹妹害怕及安慰的语境，可知应劝其保持冷静，calm符合语境。angry“生气的”、sad“伤心的”、excited“兴奋的”均不利于缓解恐惧，不符合安慰的逻辑。 6．句意：台风结束后，我们出去检查情况。 根据后文描述道路和路牌状况，可知此处指查看现场情况，对应situation。information“信息”、direction“方向”、instruction“说明”均不符合外出查看灾情的语境。 7．句意：许多道路覆盖着落叶和树枝，一些路牌坏了。 根据后文工人来修理路牌，可知之前是损坏的，broken符合语义。fixed“固定的”、new“新的”、clean“干净的”均与后文“repair”矛盾。 8．句意：但幸运的是，我们的房子没有受损。 根据房子未受损这一积极结果，可知应感到幸运，对应luckily。unfortunately“不幸地”、sadly“伤心地”表示负面情绪，suddenly“突然地”不符合逻辑。 9．句意：这次经历教会了我遵循灾害预警很重要。 根据全文讲述的是作者亲身经历的台风事件，可知此处指经历，对应experience。accident“事故”、plan“计划”、message“消息”均不能概括全文内容。 10．句意：遵守规则和合作能帮助我们轻松度过难关。 根据“get through difficult times”为固定搭配，意为“度过困难时期”。bite through“咬穿”、look through“浏览”、sweep through“席卷”均无此含义，不符合语境。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is the biggest desert in the world. It 1 11 countries in North Africa and is about 9 million square kilometres in size. Its 2 is covered in sand. Many people think it has always been a desert, but they are wrong. At one time, the Sahara was underwater, and many things grew. However, hot winds made everything very 3 , and then nothing could grow. These changes in the environment took millions of years. Today, the desert still keeps changing. It is a sandy desert with great sand hills. The wind moves the 4 around, making the hills look different over time. In the Sahara Desert, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. During the day, it can be the 5 place in the world. The temperature rises to over 50 6 . However, the temperature might drop 7 zero at night. So it’s hard for living things to live in the terrible 8 . Only a few animals can live in the desert. The camel is the best known, and there is also a kind of deer. These animals can 9 for a long time without water. Their natural abilities help them live in this environment. There are also people living in the desert, called Bedouins (贝都因人). They don’t live in the same place all the time, but move about from place to place. They know how to use the resources (资源 ) of the desert 10 , like finding hidden water sources. 1．A．accepts B．covers C．develops D．wonders 2．A．ocean B．location C．surface D．height 3．A．dry B．alive C．wet D．lively 4．A．grass B．water C．stone D．sand 5．A．coldest B．coolest C．hottest D．warmest 6．A．metres B．degrees C．levels D．miles 7．A．above B．below C．high D．low 8．A．descriptions B．emotions C．conditions D．suggestions 9．A．control B．avoid C．disappear D．survive 10．A．badly B．sadly C．wisely D．nervously 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】这篇文章介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、历史环境变化、巨大温差，以及动植物和贝都因人如何适应那里恶劣的生存条件。 1．句意：它覆盖了北非的11个国家，面积约900万平方公里。 根据“11 countries”及地理常识，沙漠横跨覆盖多个国家，可知选covers“覆盖”。根据语境，accepts“接受”、develops“发展”、wonders“想知道”语意不通。 2．句意：它的表面覆盖着沙子。 根据“covered in sand”，沙子覆盖在表面，可知选surface“表面”。根据语境，ocean“海洋”、location“位置”、height“高度”不符合逻辑。 3．句意：然而，热风让万物变得十分干旱，之后就没有东西可以生长了。 根据“hot winds”和“nothing could grow”，热风导致干燥无法生长，可知选dry“干燥的”。根据语境，alive“活着的”、wet“湿的”、lively“活泼的”与热风后果相反。 4．句意：风带动沙子四处移动，久而久之让沙丘看起来样貌各异。 根据“sandy desert”，沙漠中风移动的是沙子，可知选sand“沙子”。根据语境，grass“草”、water“水”、stone“石头”不是沙漠主要移动物。 5．句意：白天，这里会成为世界上最热的地方。 根据“over 50”，温度极高，可知选hottest“最热”。根据语境，coldest“最冷”、coolest“最凉爽”、warmest“最温暖”与高温矛盾。 6．句意：气温会升至50度以上。 根据“temperature”，温度单位是度，可知选degrees“度”。根据语境，metres“米”、levels“水平”、miles“英里”不是温度单位。 7．句意：然而，晚上温度可能降到零度以下。 根据“drop”和“zero”，固定搭配below zero，可知选below“在……下方”，与前文高温形成对比。above“在……上方”、high“高’、low“低”搭配不当。 8．句意：所以生物很难在这种恶劣的环境中生存。 根据“live in”，指生存环境条件，可知选conditions“条件”。根据语境，descriptions“描述”、emotions“情绪”、suggestions“建议”语意不符。 9．句意：这些动物没有水也能生存很长时间。 根据“without water”及动物习性，指生存能力，可知选survive“生存”。根据语境，control“控制”、avoid“避免”、disappear“消失”不符合语境。 10．句意：他们知道如何明智地利用沙漠资源，比如找到隐蔽的水源。 根据“finding hidden water sources”，能找到水源说明明智，可知选wisely“明智地”。根据语境，badly“糟糕地”、sadly“悲伤地”、nervously“紧张地”与成功生存矛盾。 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lucy used to be a shy girl. She always felt nervous when talking to others. To help her relax, her parents encouraged her to 1 a hobby. At first, Lucy had no idea what to do. Her mother suggested doing calligraphy. “It’s a good way to 2 down,” she said. Lucy decided to give it a go. She found an instructor and started to learn. It was difficult 3 first because she couldn’t control the brush well. However, her instructor always told her not to 4 up and to practice stroke by stroke. After several months of practice, Lucy’s calligraphy improved a lot. She felt a great sense of 5 every time she finished a piece. The most 6 thing was that she became much calmer and more confident. She even expressed her feelings by writing 7 on the back of her works. “The best part is that I can give my works to friends 8 return,” Lucy said. “It makes 9 both happy.” For Lucy, calligraphy is not just a way to 10 time; it has become an important part of her life. 1．A．take up B．take off C．take away D．take out 2．A．write B．break C．calm D．fall 3．A．in B．at C．on D．for 4．A．give B．pick C．look D．get 5．A．achievement B．agreement C．environment D．development 6．A．surprisingly B．surprised C．surprising D．surprise 7．A．poems B．stories C．mails D．programs 8．A．to B．in C．with D．for 9．A．we B．our C．us D．ourselves 10．A．kill B．pass C．waste D．find 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了害羞的女孩Lucy通过练习书法变得自信的故事。 1．句意：为了帮助她放松，父母鼓励她培养一个爱好。 Lucy害羞紧张，父母建议她“培养”一个爱好来放松，take up a hobby“培养爱好”，take up“开始从事”符合。take off“起飞”，take away“拿走”，take out“取出”，均与培养爱好不符。 2．句意：这是让你平静下来的好方法。 母亲建议书法是为了让Lucy“平静”下来，calm down“平静下来”，calm“使平静”符合。write“写”，break“打破”，fall“落下”，均与放松的目的不符。 3．句意：起初很困难，因为她控制不好毛笔。 at first“起初”，at“在”符合，表示开始阶段。in、on、for与first搭配不当。 4．句意：老师总是告诉她不要放弃。 练习遇到困难，老师鼓励她不要“放弃”，give up“放弃”符合。pick up“捡起”，look up“查阅”，get up“起床”，均与坚持练习的逻辑不符。 5．句意：每次完成一幅作品，她都感到巨大的成就感。 练习后书法进步，完成作品时有“成就感”，sense of achievement“成就感”，achievement“成就”符合。agreement“同意”，environment“环境”，development“发展”，均与成就感无关。 6．句意：最令人惊讶的是，她变得更加冷静和自信。 从害羞变得自信，这种变化是“令人惊讶的”，surprising“令人惊讶的”符合，修饰事物。surprisingly副词，surprised“感到惊讶的”修饰人，surprise名词，均与修饰物不符。 7．句意：她把感受写成诗写在作品背面。 表达情感的方式是写“诗”，poems“诗”符合。stories“故事”，mails“邮件”，programs“节目”，均与情感表达的形式不符。 8．句意：最好的部分是，我可以把我的作品送给朋友们作为回报。 in return“作为回报”，in“在……里”符合，表示交换。to、with、for与return搭配不当。 9．句意：这让双方都开心。 Lucy把作品送给朋友，这种分享行为让“我们”双方（Lucy和朋友）都感到快乐，us“我们”符合，作make的宾语。we主格，our形容词性物主代词，ourselves反身代词，均不能作宾语。 10．句意：书法不仅是消磨时间的方式。 kill time“消磨时间”为固定短语，kill“消磨”符合，表示打发空闲时间。pass表“度过（时间）”时，通常说pass the time，需搭配定冠词the。waste“浪费”带有贬义，不符合Lucy对书法的积极态度。find“找到”与消磨时间无关。 Noah is only 13 years old, but he’s a hero. He has helped his 1 out of a fire. On 10th May, Noah was at home alone. Suddenly he heard someone 2 “Fire! Fire!” He ran 3 . He saw a lot of smoke from next door. He went in and saw his neighbour, the 79-year-old Mrs Smith, in the kitchen. She could not get out 4 she had hurt her leg. Anything could happen to her at that moment. Noah 5 ran back to his house and poured water over his jacket. Then he rushed into Mrs Smith’s kitchen to 6 her. There was a lot of smoke and the fire was very hot. But he was not scared. He 7 the fire with a blanket and helped Mrs Smith out. The fire burnt (烧伤了) Noah’s neck, arms and face. As a result, he was 8 for a month. Many people visited him and 9 him flowers and presents. “What a brave young man!” they said. Noah was 10 that he helped Mrs Smith. “We should help each other,” he said. Noah also said, “Fire can be very dangerous. It is important to be careful with fire.” 1．A．neighbour B．classmate C．teacher D．friend 2．A．saying B．singing C．shouting D．asking 3．A．here B．there C．inside D．outside 4．A．however B．so C．because D．although 5．A．carefully B．quickly C．completely D．slowly 6．A．save B．teach C．call D．climb 7．A．found B．fought C．lighted D．built 8．A．on vacation B．at home C．in hospital D．at work 9．A．thanked B．visited C．provided D．brought 10．A．glad B．surprised C．afraid D．sorry 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文讲述13岁男孩Noah勇敢冲进邻居家火场，救助受伤独居老人Mrs Smith，自己被烧伤住院，事后他为能帮助他人感到欣慰，并提醒大家用火安全的故事。 1．句意：他救了他的邻居脱离火海。 根据上下文提及隔壁独居老人史密斯太太，交代二人邻里身份，为解题核心语境。应选用neighbour，符合文中隔壁老人的人物身份语境。classmate“同班同学”、teacher“老师”、friend“朋友”，文中未出现校园、好友相关描述，与题意无关，均不符。 2．句意：突然他听见有人大喊“着火了！着火了！” 根据空格后是火灾紧急呼救话语，对应危急求救的场景氛围。应选用shouting，契合火灾遇险呼救的场景逻辑。saying“说”侧重普通陈述，singing“唱歌”、asking“询问”与火灾紧急求救的氛围逻辑不通，均不符。 3．句意：他跑到外面。 根据后文提到他看到隔壁飘出大量浓烟，只有从屋内跑到屋外，才能观察到邻居家的火情。应选用outside，符合先出门再发现火情的叙事逻辑。here“这里”指代室内近处，there“那里”直接指向隔壁房屋、inside“在里面”仍身处屋内，均无法实现看见隔壁浓烟的情节，逻辑不符。 4．句意：她无法逃出去，因为她的腿受伤了。 根据前半句是无法逃生的结果，后半句是无法逃生的缘由，两句构成因果逻辑。应选用because，用于引导原因状语从句，贴合因果逻辑。however“然而”表转折，so“所以”引导结果，although“虽然”表让步，三者逻辑功能与本句因果关系不匹配，逻辑不通。 5．句意：诺亚迅速跑回自己家，把水浇在夹克上。 根据火场情况危急、老人被困等待救援，救人行为需要争分夺秒。应选用quickly，匹配火场救人紧迫的行动状态。carefully“小心地”侧重谨慎细致，completely“完全地”、slowly“缓慢地”不符合救人争分夺秒的场景，逻辑不通。 6．句意：随后他冲进史密斯夫人的厨房去救她。 根据前文老人被困火场无法自行离开，诺亚淋湿外套的目的是解救被困老人。应选用save，贴合冲进火场救人的行为目的。teach“教”、call“呼叫”、climb“攀爬”，均无法对应火场救人的核心动作，与题意无关，均不符。 7．句意：他用一条毯子扑灭火，扶着史密斯夫人逃了出来。 根据句子搭配毯子与火焰，表达压制、对抗火势的动作含义。应选用fought，fight the fire表示扑火。found“发现”、lighted“点燃”、built“建造”，和毯子扑火的动作搭配逻辑不通，均不符。 8．句意：结果，他住院治疗了一个月。 根据前文诺亚在救人时被火焰灼伤脖颈、手臂和面部，身体出现烧伤创伤。应选用in hospital，匹配烧伤受伤后的处理场景。on vacation“度假”、at home“在家”、at work“上班”，与烧伤受伤的语境矛盾，逻辑不符。 9．句意：许多人来看望他，并给他带来鲜花和礼物。 根据并列动作是上门探望伤者，鲜花、礼品是探望时携带的常规物品。应选用brought，符合探望时携带礼品的语境。thanked“感谢”后不直接接物品，visited“看望”与前文动作重复，provided“提供”多搭配固定供给场景，日常探望使用逻辑不通。 10．句意：诺亚为自己帮助了史密斯夫人感到开心。 根据整篇故事诺亚见义勇为、成功救出被困老人，结尾抒发正面的内心感受。应选用glad，契合救人成功后的正面情绪。surprised“惊讶的”、afraid“害怕的”、sorry“遗憾的”，均与救人后的欣慰心情逻辑不通，均不符。 三、阅读理解 根据短文内容，从后面的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Natural disasters may happen at any time. When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and electricity. 1 Here are some suggestions. First, know what disasters may happen in your area. You should learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city, such as earthquakes, floods, or typhoons. It is also a good way to follow local news and weather reports. 2 Second, make an emergency plan. Plan a way to get your family members together if they can’t find each other when a disaster happens. 3 Pick one place right outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside of your neighborhood. Third, get a family survival kit (应急包) ready. 4 For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools. Besides, it is necessary to think about any special needs that might come up. Pack some special things for the old or the young of your family. Then, keep the kit in a place where everyone can find it easily. Finally, practise the plan you have made. Practise regularly with your family and make sure that everyone knows exactly what to do. 5 It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but with more preparation, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better. A．Choose two places for everyone to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home. B．So you should get prepared before a disaster comes. C．In these ways, you can keep aware of possible risks. D．By taking these steps, you can improve your chances of surviving. E．It should include some necessary things your family need. F．Remember to keep calm and try to save others as much as possible. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文围绕“自然灾害的应对准备”展开，介绍了提前了解灾害、制定应急计划、准备应急包等实用防灾建议。 1．根据前文“When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and electricity.”，以及后文 “Here are some suggestions.”，空格处应引出“提前准备”的必要性。 B选项“所以你应该在灾害来临前做好准备。”承接了前文的灾害后果，自然引出下文的建议，逻辑连贯。 2．根据前文“You should learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city... It is also a good way to follow local news and weather reports.”，空格处应说明这些做法的作用。 C选项“通过这些方式，你可以了解潜在的风险。”承接了前文的具体做法，解释了了解灾害、关注天气的目的。 3．根据前文“Plan a way to get your family members together if they can’t find each other when a disaster happens.”，以及后文“Pick one place right outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside of your neighborhood.”，空格处应引出汇合点的选择。 A 选项“如果待在家里不安全，选择两个大家可以去的地方。”承接了“家人汇合”的话题，与后文的两个汇合点说明呼应。 4．根据前文“Third, get a family survival kit ready.”，以及后文“For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools.”，空格处应说明应急包的内容。 E选项“它应该包含家人需要的必需品。”承接了“准备应急包”的话题，引出后文的物品举例。 5．根据前文“Practise the plan you have made. Practise regularly with your family and make sure that everyone knows exactly what to do.”，以及后文“It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but with more preparation, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better.”，空格处应总结前文的准备步骤。 D选项“通过采取这些措施，你可以提高生存的几率。”承接了前文的所有建议，引出后文的总结。 阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up is a wonderful journey. Sometimes it’s happy, and sometimes it’s a little sad. When you feel upset or stressed, it’s important to know how to take care of your feelings. 1 ◆Share your feelings. Don’t keep your worries inside. Talk to someone you trust, like your parents, a good friend, or your teacher. 2 They might help you see things in a new way and make you feel less lonely. ◆Be kind to yourself. Sometimes we are too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes. Remember, nobody is perfect. 3 For example, listen to your favorite music, read a book, or just take a relaxing walk. ◆Get moving! Physical exercise is not just good for your body; it’s great for your mind too. 4 It helps to clear your head and makes you feel more energetic and happy. ◆Connect with nature. Step outside and enjoy the natural world. 5 Listen to the birds, feel the wind on your face, or just sit under a tree. Nature has a magical way of calming us down and helping us see the bigger picture. A．Go for a run, play ball games with friends, or do some yoga. B．You can also write down your feelings in a diary. C．You should keep busy all the time. D．Take time to do things that make you happy. E．Here are some simple ways to help you feel better. F．A short walk in the park can do wonders. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在成长过程中如何调节情绪、应对压力的几种方法，包括分享感受、善待自己、运动以及接触自然。 1．上文提到“学会照顾自己的感受很重要”，下文具体介绍方法，因此中间需要一个总起句引出下文。E项“Here are some simple ways to help you feel better.”起到承上启下的作用。 2．上文建议向信任的人倾诉，下文说“他们可能帮你从新的角度看问题”，因此中间可以补充其他表达感受的方式。B项“You can also write down your feelings in a diary.”与上文并列，提供了另一种方法。 3．上文说“对自己不要过于苛刻”，下文举例听音乐、读书、散步等，因此中间需要建议花时间做让自己开心的事。D项“Take time to do things that make you happy.”与上下文逻辑一致。 4．上文提到运动对身心有益，下文说“有助于理清思绪，让你更有活力”，因此中间需要具体举例说明运动方式。A项“Go for a run, play ball games with friends, or do some yoga.”与下文形成具体到效果的逻辑关系。 5．上文建议走出去享受自然，下文说“听鸟鸣、感受微风、坐在树下”，因此中间需要说明在公园散步的作用。F项“A short walk in the park can do wonders.”与下文的具体活动形成呼应。 In China, people say hello in many different ways. They might say “Nǐ hǎo.” or “Nǐ chī le ma?”, which means “Hello.” and “Have you eaten?”. They will say these sentences while meeting you in the school, company or other places at any time. These greetings show how much Chinese people care about each other. 1 The most commonly used greetings in the West are about two ways. First, talk about the weather. The English often talk about weather because the weather there is often changing. They can talk about this every day. Second, talk about the latest situation. 2 Westerners take personal information seriously. Sometimes, when Chinese people meet Westerners, there can be confusion. Greetings might seem too personal, and Westerners might feel uncomfortable. 3 Cultural differences may cause surprising misunderstandings (误解). So, give special importance to the need for empathy (同理心). 4 Understanding these differences helps us to be kind and respect others. Next time when you meet people from another place, greet them in the way that makes them happy. You may say it’s difficult to remember so many different cultures. Well, 5 Everyone can do it. Just start from now on! A．Well, what about Westerners? B．Learning them is like playing a new game. C．It’s fun to learn about how people greet each other in different places. D．But don’t talk too much about personal information. E．However, you needn’t know different ways of saying hello. F．So we need to know that people have different ways to be polite. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．F 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国人和西方人打招呼的不同方式及文化差异，提醒读者尊重不同文化，用同理心去理解他人，并鼓励从现在开始行动。 1．第一段主要讲中国的问候方式，第二段开头讲西方的问候方式。空白处位于第一段末尾，起到承上启下的过渡作用。选项A“Well, what about Westerners?”自然引出下文关于西方问候语的讨论。 2．空白处前一句提到“talk about the latest situation”，后一句提到“Westerners take personal information seriously”。选项D“But don’t talk too much about personal information.”既承接了前文的“谈论情况”，又呼应了后文对“个人信息”的警告，逻辑通顺。 3．空白处前文提到中西方问候差异可能导致西方人感到不舒服。选项F“So we need to know that people have different ways to be polite.”是对前文现象的总结，并引出后文“文化差异可能导致误解”的进一步阐述。 4．空白处位于最后一段段首，通常是主题句。最后一段整体基调是积极鼓励的。选项C“It’s fun to learn about how people greet each other in different places.”奠定了积极的基调，且后文“Understanding these differences”中的“these differences”指代选项C中的“different places”带来的差异。 5．空白处前一句说“remember so many different cultures”很难，后一句说“Everyone can do it”。选项B“Learning them is like playing a new game.”用比喻的方式化解了“难”的感觉，与后文的鼓励语气一致，起到桥梁作用。 阅读下列短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项 Are you looking for a good volunteer activity? Get outdoors and go gleaning! What is gleaning? 1 Some farm produce is of good quality but does not look that good. Farmers don’t usually try to sell this kind of produce. Much of it is left in the fields. That means a great waste. And gleaning is about reducing this waste by collecting the leftover produce. These days, many volunteer groups go out gleaning in order to provide those in need with fresh, healthy food. Holly’s group is among them. 2 Once, a local fruit farmer called Holly to ask for gleaning services. The farmer had a large field with more than 700 fruit trees. A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees. 3 In addition to this, Holly’s volunteers have also picked potatoes, cabbages and many other vegetables from farms. They work in small teams, moving carefully between the rows to avoid damaging (破坏) the vegetables. 4 It arrives at the area within 24 hours so people in need can enjoy the food at its best. Gleaning makes a big difference to the society and people. It helps solve the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺). 5 “We can get outside and do something good for the world,” said Holly. “I feel happy whenever I go gleaning!” A．And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work. B．Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week. C．The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area. D．Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms. E．With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees. F．Let’s try our best to go out gleaning together. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“拾遗”（gleaning）这一志愿活动的定义、目的，并通过Holly团队的案例说明了活动的过程及其对社会和个人的积极意义。 1．根据第一段“What is gleaning?”引出话题，后文需要解释其背景，D选项“Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms.”承上启下，从问题入手说明gleaning出现的缘由。 2．根据第二段提到“Many volunteer groups go out gleaning”，后文具体介绍Holly的志愿者小组，B选项“Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week.”进一步说明该小组的活动成果，自然衔接。 3．根据第二段提到“A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees”，后文应说明地图的作用，E选项“With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees.”直接承接上文，描述地图带来的便利。 4．根据第三段提到志愿者小心采摘蔬菜，并强调食物快速送达，C选项“The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area.”解释食物去向，与后文“arrives at the area within 24 hours”逻辑一致。 5．根据第四段提到“Gleaning makes a big difference”，并引用Holly的话表达快乐，A选项“And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work.”总结志愿者感受，与下文“I feel happy”相呼应。 When work or school is over, what do you do to pass the time? Do you spend time on hobbies you love? Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit. And some creative hobbies can help us reduce stress. 1 Hobbies help build a teenager’s confidence. By finding an area of interest, a teenager can build his or her skill. 2 3 Bored teenagers look for things to do and are more likely to do something bad. Helping teenagers take up a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teenagers to get on well with their parents. When a teenager is busy with a hobby, his parents have an easy chance to praise him for it. They can communicate with each other easily. Hobbies aren’t hard to find. 4 Every time you spend time on your hobby, you’ re not just having fun but also getting better at something and feeling happier too. So don’t wait. Pick something that makes you smile, stick with it. 5 根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。（每个选项只能用一次，选项中有一项是多余的） A．Hobbies keep teenagers from getting bored. B．Here are four other reasons for taking up a hobby. C．Hobbies are here to make your teenage years brighter. D．Choose a hobby that can make you get on well with your parents. E．This leads to positive results and builds a teenager’s confidence. F．You can start small like drawing in a notebook or playing basketball after school. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了培养爱好对青少年的多种益处，包括增强自信、避免无聊、改善亲子关系等，并鼓励大家找到适合自己的爱好，让青少年生活更加精彩。 1．前文列举了爱好的部分好处，后文展开介绍四种其他原因，B选项“Here are four other reasons for taking up a hobby.”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。 2．前文说通过兴趣提升技能，这会带来积极结果并增强自信，E选项“This leads to positive results and builds a teenager’s confidence.” 承接上文，说明提升技能带来的影响，与段落主题“Hobbies help build a teenager’s confidence.”呼应。 3．后文内容对应 “爱好能让青少年远离无聊”，A选项“Hobbies keep teenagers from getting bored.”概括了本段主旨，与下文内容呼应。 4．前文说爱好不难找，后文可以举例说明如何开始，F选项“You can start small like drawing in a notebook or playing basketball after school.”给出了具体的入门方式，衔接自然。 5．结尾处需要总结升华，C选项“Hobbies are here to make your teenage years brighter.”呼应全文主题，点明爱好能让青少年生活更美好，适合作为结尾句。 Jack Riding a bike is my favourite hobby. I think it’s very interesting. I often ride a bike to the countryside (农村) on weekends. Along the way, I see trees, flowers, lakes, and mountains. Sometimes the ride makes me tired, but I feel well when I am back home. Sara I learn tai chi from my grandpa these days. It is slow but great, and it’s good for our health. Also, playing tai chi makes me patient (有耐心的). When I feel bored or angry, I will play it and then I’ll become quiet and not think too much. Tony I like mountain climbing. It brings me much fun. I feel excited and successful when I get to the top of the mountain. To keep safe, climbing with some friends and making a plan are very important. Kate Different from other girls, I like bungee jumping (蹦极) very much. In fact, it’s not as dangerous as you think. When I fall from a high place, I always shout and feel like a bird flying in the air. It’s cool! 1．What sport does Jack like best? A． B．C． D． 2．How does Tony keep safe when climbing mountains? ① Climbing with friends.    ② Taking much food.    ③ Making a plan.    ④ Taking a phone. A．①③ B．②④ C．①② D．③④ 3．What does Kate always do when she is doing bungee jumping? A．She asks questions.B．She eats fruit. C．She shouts. D．She plays games. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Jack often rides a bike with his friend to mountains. B．Sara learns tai chi from her mother every day. C．Tony always climbs mountains with his parents D．Kate thinks bungee jumping is cool. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是四个人分别介绍自己喜欢的运动及其带来的感受。 1．表格第一栏Jack所说“Riding a bike is my favourite.”明确提到Jack最喜欢的爱好是骑自行车。 2．表格第三栏Tony所说“To keep safe, climbing with some friends and making a plan are very important.”提到保证安全的方法是“和朋友一起爬山、做好计划”。 3．表格第四栏Kate所说“When I fall from a high place, I always shout and feel like a bird flying in the air.”提到Kate在蹦极时会大喊。 4．表格第四栏Kate所说“In fact, it’s not as dangerous as you think... It’s cool!”提到Kate觉得蹦极很酷。 In life, there are accepted rules that everybody follows. For example, you shouldn’t eat with your mouth open. In the UK, people should drive on the left and wait in line in public places. However, the rules aren’t clear online and it can be hard to know how to behave. Safer Internet Day helps people think about these matters. When it comes to being safe online, you probably know the basic rule: don’t give personal information to somebody you don’t know. But now it’s also about whether you’re able to do the things you love without feeling worried. A study shows that 43% of the girls don’t share their opinions online because they fear someone may criticize them. In another study, around 51% of the respondents (调查对象) were worried about how others reacted (回应) to their online opinions. Here is some advice for you if you are bullied (欺凌) online. The first thing to do is to tell an adult you trust about what’s happening. Besides, if the person who bullied you has been unkind or posts something that makes you feel afraid, you can report it to the official on social media. Don’t react with unkindness. It can make things worse, so try to stay calm. At the same time, how you act online is just as important as how others treat you. So there are some unwritten rules for us to be good people online. Treat everybody with kindness online, respect others’ feelings and don’t be mean (刻薄的). If you’ve shared something you shouldn’t have, it’s never too late to say sorry and fix the situation. If you notice somebody is being bullied online, consider reporting it and getting in touch with the person being treated badly to make sure he or she is OK. 1．What can we know about online rules? A．They are accepted by everyone. B．There are no clear online rules yet. C．They can protect people from danger. D．They are the same all over the world. 2．How does the writer tell us about being a good person online? A．By giving advice. B．By answering questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing us facts. 3．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Teenagers should stay away from the unkind people. B．Teenagers should tell a strong adult what’s happening. C．Teenagers should be responsible for their words and actions online. D．Teenagers should hide their ideas and keep silent online. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Why People Need Rules Online B．Why People Celebrate Safer Internet Day C．How Teenagers Deal with Bullying Online D．How People Behave and Keep Safe Online 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了网络行为规范的模糊性，介绍了网络安全的基本规则、应对网络欺凌的建议，以及如何在网络上做一个善良、负责任的人。 1．第一段明确指出：“However, the rules aren’t clear online and it can be hard to know how to behave”，说明目前网络上的规则尚不明确。 2．第三段通过“The first thing to do is...”, “Besides...”, “Don’t react...”, “Treat everybody with kindness...”等语句，直接向读者提供了如何在网上做好人的具体建议。 3．第三段明确指出：“how you act online is just as important as how others treat you... Treat everybody with kindness online, respect others’ feelings... If you’ve shared something you shouldn’t have, it’s never too late to say sorry”，说明作者认为青少年应该对自己的网络言行负责。 4．全文涵盖了网络规则的现状、如何应对网络欺凌以及如何保持良好的网络行为（如善良、尊重他人），旨在指导人们如何在网络上表现得体并保持安全，因此“How People Behave and Keep Safe Online”是最合适的标题。 Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s seen everywhere. Unluckily, many of us have been used to keeping our feelings hidden. Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way? First, know what makes us angry. Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. One way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better. Take some deep breaths or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger. If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying. 2．According to the text, which of the following about anger is true? A．Few people will keep their feelings hidden. B．Sometimes anger is a good feeling. C．It is harmful for our health to keep anger hidden. D．It’s better to break things when we are angry. 3．Which of the following is right? (X means the time you get angry. Y means the bad influence it will have.) A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．What makes you angry? B．Why are you angry? C．When to deal with anger D．How to deal with anger 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍愤怒情绪的负面影响，并提出正确处理愤怒的方法。 1．第二段开头提到“Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry?”，这说明作者用一个问句引出关于“如何正确表达愤怒”的话题，而不是讲故事、举例子或引用谚语。 2．第一段明确提到“Unluckily, many of us have been used to keeping our feelings hidden. Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health.”，这说明隐藏愤怒对我们的健康有害。 3．第二段明确提到“The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be.”，这说明X(愤怒持续时间)与Y(不良影响)是正相关关系，如A图所示。 4．全文围绕如何正确处理愤怒情绪展开，包括识别愤怒原因、理性看待触发事件、通过谈话和运动缓解愤怒等。因此，D项“如何应对愤怒”最适合作文章的标题。 If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect, lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about his family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series of interesting paintings about 18th-century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 p.m., but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor    ②the ground floor    ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Hear. B．Decide. C．Promise. D．Remember. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍伦敦的约翰·索恩爵士博物馆，讲述该博物馆的独特之处、三层对外开放展区的参观顺序与馆藏展品，还说明了博物馆地理位置、参观贴士，并向读者推荐此处景点。 1．第一段“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it.”说明这座博物馆的特别之处是保留了索恩爵士离开时的原貌。 2．第二段“You can start on the first floor... Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor... Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”说明先参观一楼，然后下楼去到底层，最后参观地下层，对应③②①。 3．第二段“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series of interesting paintings about 18th-century life in London.”说明底层能看到一系列有趣的画作。 4．最后一段“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”及结合全文推荐博物馆的语境，表明作者在此向读者作出保证，这个游览经历令人难忘。guarantee意为“保证、承诺”，与Promise同义。 The use of chopsticks is a must in Chinese food culture. When you use chopsticks in China, there are some taboos you must know. ● Don’t point your chopsticks at others. It is seen as a sign of disrespect. Likewise, don’t wave your chopsticks in the air or play with them when you eat. ● Don’t knock on your bowls or plates with chopsticks. People think this is like begging for food. ● Don’t stir (搅拌) your food with chopsticks to find what you want. This is very rude. ● Don’t let liquid (液体) drop from chopsticks when you take food with them. If the liquid drops on other dishes or the table, it is impolite. ● Never stick chopsticks into your food, especially into rice. This is a way to remember the dead. ● Don’t suck (吮吸) the end of chopsticks. This behavior is impolite, and the noise will also make people uncomfortable. Now most large restaurants in China offer forks and other places offer Chinese spoons. If you are not used to using chopsticks, you can ask waiters for forks or spoons. If you want to learn to use chopsticks during your trip in China, your tour guide can teach you how to pick up food and enjoy your meal. 1．What does the underlined word “taboos” mean? A．Something you should follow. B．Something you must not do. C．Something you keep as a habit. D．Something you had better try. 2．Which of the following pictures is NOT described in this passage? A． B． C． D． 3．In China, when may people stick chopsticks into rice? A．On New Year’s Day. B．On Mother’s Day. C．On Qingming Festival. D．On Mid-Autumn Festival. 4．Who are the readers of the passage? A．Chinese students. B．Waiters in restaurants. C．The elderly in China. D．Foreigners who want to visit China. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了在中国使用筷子时必须遵守的几项禁忌，比如不可用筷子指人、敲碗、插在米饭中、吮吸筷子等。同时提到，如果不习惯用筷子，可以请服务员提供叉子或勺子，也可以请导游教如何正确使用筷子。 1．第一段：“...there are some taboos you must know.”接着列举了“Don’t point... Don’t knock... Don’t stir...”等禁止行为。推断taboos指“禁忌”，即“不能做的事情”。 2．文中提到的禁忌：用筷子搅拌食物（图A），把筷子插在米饭里（图B），用筷子指人（图D），图C：用筷子夹食物递给别人，文中未提及。 3．原文提到：“Never stick chopsticks into your food, especially into rice. This is a way to remember the dead.”中国在祭祀祖先或扫墓时（如清明节）会将筷子插在米饭上，象征祭奠死者。 4．文章内容分析：介绍中国使用筷子的禁忌，提到“large restaurants offer forks and spoons”，提到“tour guide can teach you how to use chopsticks”推断：文章是写给不了解中国筷子文化的外国游客或访客。 On a cold winter morning, a little girl was selling matches on the street. She was wearing old and thin clothes and her feet were bare. She had no shoes and no socks. She was very cold and hungry, but she couldn’t go home because she hadn't sold any matches all day. Her father would beat her if she went home without any money. The little girl sat down in a corner between two houses. She lit a match to warm her hands. Suddenly, she saw a warm stove in front of her. She reached out her hands to the stove, but the match went out and the stove disappeared. She lit another match. This time, she saw a beautiful table with a big turkey on it. The turkey was so delicious that she could almost taste it. But just as she was about to eat, the match went out and the table disappeared. She lit a third match. Now she saw a Christmas tree. It was decorated with colorful lights and beautiful presents. Under the tree, there were many toys and candies. The little girl smiled happily. But again, the match went out and the Christmas tree disappeared. She lit a fourth match. This time, she saw her grandmother. Her grandmother was the only person who had ever been kind to her. She had died a few years ago. “Grandmother!” the little girl cried. “Take me with you! I know you will leave me when the match goes out.” Her grandmother smiled and held out her arms. The little girl lit all the remaining matches to keep her grandmother with her. The matches burned brightly, and her grandmother took her hand. They flew up into the sky together, where there was no cold, no hunger and no pain. The next morning, people found the little girl lying dead in the corner. Her face was smiling and there were still some burnt matches in her hand. 1．Why couldn’t the little girl go home? A．Because she lost her way. B．Because she didn’t want to go home. C．Because she hadn’t sold any matches. D．Because her parents didn’t want her to come back. 2．What did the little girl see when she lit the first match? A．A warm stove. B．A big turkey. C．A Christmas tree. D．Her grandmother. 3．Who was the only person who had ever been kind to the little girl? A．Her father. B．Her mother. C．Her grandmother. D．Her teacher. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．We should be kind to poor people. B．Matches are very useful. C．We should not sell matches on the street. D．Christmas is a happy time. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述《卖火柴的小女孩》的故事，小女孩饥寒交迫，点燃火柴幻想温暖与美好，最终在幻想中离世。 1．根据第一段中“she couldn’t go home because she hadn’t sold any matches all day.”可知，小女孩没卖掉火柴不敢回家。 2．根据第二段中“She lit a match to warm her hands. Suddenly, she saw a warm stove in front of her.”可知，第一根火柴让她看到了火炉。 3．根据第五段中“Her grandmother was the only person who had ever been kind to her.”可知，祖母是唯一善待她的人。 4．通读全文可知，文章通过讲述卖火柴小女孩在寒冷中冻死的悲惨故事，反映了穷苦人民的苦难，旨在呼吁人们关爱弱势群体，善待穷人。 Have you ever heard of or taken the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)? With 93 questions, the test separates all of the different people in the world into 16 types. There are many other personality tests in the world, but the MBTI is perhaps the most popular one. More than 1.5 million people take it every year. Some companies even use it to help choose suitable workers. However, the MBTI can’t truly measure (衡量) changeable personality. The test, after all, was created in the early days of psychological (心理学的) research. Its creators, Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel, were not trained psychologists. What’s more, the two were unable to scientifically prove their findings. “There is just no evidence behind the MBTI.” said Adam Grant, an American psychologist. If the MBTI is not trustable, then how has this test managed to become so popular? To answer this question, we need to find out what drove Briggs and her daughter to create it in the first place. Briggs was a mother. After reading Carl Jung’s Psychological Types, she decided to create a tool to help parents understand their children’s interests. Her daughter Isabel continued to work on the MBTI in the 1940s and started using it among workers. Some personality tests would separate people into two groups: those who were good and those who were bad. However, Isable thought it was unfair. When creating her test, she wanted everyone to be able to understand that while people may be different from one another, they are all equal. This may be the key to the MBTI’s success: The test never paints a personality hopelessly. The MBTI may not be the best way for measuring if a person is suitable for a position at a company, but this doesn’t mean it’s totally useless. Many people are hungry for self-knowledge. 1．What can we learn about personality tests? A．Over 1.5 million people take personality tests every year. B．Companies use them to know more about workers’ hobbies. C．They started to be used by people as early as the 1940s. D．Some personality tests only separate people into two types. 2．The underlined word “evidence” means ________. A．True facts. B．True supporters. C．Real competitions. D．Real success. 3．“The MBTI just offers that in a nice way” could best be placed at the end of ________. A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To advise people to take the MBTI. B．To tell why Briggs began the MBTI. C．To show the popularity of the MBTI. D．To make people know more about MBTI. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文全面介绍了MBTI性格测试。 1．第三段“Some personality tests would separate people into two groups: those who were good and those who were bad.”说明有些性格测试会把人划分成两类：一类是优秀的人，一类是差劲的人。 2．第二段“What’s more, the two were unable to scientifically prove their findings. ‘There is just no evidence behind the MBTI.’ said Adam Grant, an American psychologist.”此处指MBTI没有科学事实支撑，因此evidence意为“证据、依据”，对应真实客观事实。 3．第四段“The MBTI may not be the best way for measuring if a person is suitable for a position at a company, but this doesn’t mean it’s totally useless. Many people are hungry for self-knowledge.”说明MBTI虽不能用于职场筛选，但并非完全无用，人们渴望了解自我，“The MBTI just offers that in a nice way”MBTI恰好以友好的方式满足了人们的需求，该句放在段末总结逻辑通顺。 4．文章完整介绍MBTI：流行程度、科学缺陷、诞生初衷、走红原因、存在价值，全方位科普MBTI。 Chinese scientists have developed a robotic antelope (羚羊) to watch over wild Tibetan antelopes-a species listed as “near endangered”. The robot, has successfully joined real antelope groups in nature. For many years, Tibetan antelopes were in serious danger. They were hunted for their soft fur, which is used to make expensive shawls (披肩). As a result, their population dropped greatly from one million to 65, 000 in the 1990s.  Thanks to strong protection effort, the number is now rising again. However, it is still difficult for scientists to study them closely. The antelopes live in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (保护区), which is over 4,600 meters above sea level with cold and little oxygen. Also, the antelopes are very sensitive-they run away from humans 500—800 meters away. Traditional tools like telescopes cannot get close enough, and drones often scare the animals. So the robotic antelope was invented to solve these problems. Not long ago, the robot was recently tested near Zonag Lake where female antelopes go every summer to give birth. Unlike human scientists carrying cameras, the robotic antelope had a small hidden camera under its eyes. It looks just like a real antelope, sharing the same fur colour and body shape, so it doesn’t scare the animals. At first, the real antelopes seemed curious about the newcomer. But soon, it was accepted into the group to walk with the real antelopes and recorded videos. The robot uses artificial intelligence (AI), which allows it to “learn” as it moves. During the test, it successfully travelled 2 kilometers across challenging ground, like slopes (斜坡) and muddy wetlands, collecting valuable videos and data. Scientists believe this robotics technology can provide important information to support the protection of Tibetan antelopes, especially during birth and migration seasons, with very little human interference (干扰). 1．What was the population of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s? A．1,000,000. B．65,000. C．4,600. D．500—800. 2．The word “sensitive” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．casy to be scared or affected B．very friendly to humans C．difficult to see at night D．slow in moving. 3．Why didn’t the robotic antelope scare real antelopes? A．Because it moves very quickly. B．Because it works only at night. C．Because it makes friendly sounds. D．Because it looks like a real antelope. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．It explains why Tibetan antelopes were in danger. B．It discusses the importance of protecting Tibetan wild antelopes. C．It reports how scientists use a robotic antelope to protect wild antelopes. D．It compares the differences between real antelopes and robotic antelope. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国科学家研发机器羚羊来近距离监测野生藏羚羊，解决传统研究方法的难题，从而更好地保护这一近危物种的相关情况。 1．第二段指出研究发现：“their population dropped greatly from one million to 65, 000 in the 1990s”，这直接说明20世纪90年代藏羚羊的数量为65,000。 2．第三段说明原因：“the antelopes are very sensitive-they run away from humans 500—800 meters away”，并以藏羚羊见到人类会在500—800米外就逃跑为例，说明它们很容易受到惊扰或影响。 3．第四段说明原因：“It looks just like a real antelope, sharing the same fur colour and body shape, so it doesn’t scare the animals”，说明机器羚羊因为外形和真实藏羚羊高度相似，所以不会吓到它们。 4．全文围绕机器羚羊展开，讲述了它的研发背景、测试过程与作用，说明科学家如何利用机器羚羊来保护野生藏羚羊，这正是文章的主旨。 Smoke fills the sky. The day is as dark as night. Heat makes it hard to breathe. This is the world of a wildfire fighter! Wildfires are a part of nature. But, as one fireman says, “Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem.” A wildfire can destroy (毁坏) everything in its way. But there are ways to fight it. By air Smokejumpers (空降森林灭火员 ) are often the first firemen to reach a fire.To get closer, they jump from a plane. They are especially important when the area is difficult to walk to. If smokejumpers can’t stop a fire in 24 hours, other firemen join them. This second group drops water on the fire from an airplane. On the land On the ground, firemen work together to stop the fire. First, one group digs a fire line (防火线). This is a long deep ditch (沟). It is difficult for the fire to cross this line. Then, while those firemen dig, others start a backfire (回火). They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line. When the wildfire comes, there is nothing for it to use as fuel. Other firemen cut down dead trees. That way the fire can’t move to other trees. Firemen try their best to keep people safe. Their job takes hard work, and it takes courage (勇气). 1．When the fireman says, “Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem,” what does he mean? A．Fire is natural, but it’s dangerous to people living near it. B．Fires in forests are not a big problem, but fires in cities are. C．Fighting fires should be the job of people living near fires. D．Putting out fires in cities is always a problem for firemen. 2．Which of the following is wrong according to the text? A．The firemen dig a fire line to stop the fire crossing the line. B．Smokejumpers are often the last firemen to reach a fire. C．The firemen start a backfire by burning the dry grass and leaves. D．Some firemen cut down dead trees so that the fire can’t move to other trees. 3．What do the underlined words “use as fuel” mean? A．Drop. B．Fire. C．Burn. D．Live. 4．What does the writer want to do? A．Explain why fire is not a problem. B．Show us how fires destroy everything. C．Tell us how firemen fight wildfires. D．Teach us how to be a good fireman. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍野外消防员的工作，分别从空中作业、地面作业两方面介绍消防员扑救野火的方式。 1．第二段指出“Wildfires are a part of nature. A wildfire can destroy everything in its way.”，野火属于自然现象，但会威胁住在附近的人们，消防员这句话想表达火本身不是问题，住在火附近的人面临的危险才是问题。 2．文中指出“Smokejumpers are often the first firemen to reach a fire.”，可知空降灭火员通常是最先到达火场的消防员，B选项表述错误。 3．前一句指出“They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line.”，消防员提前烧掉干草和树叶，野火来袭时没有东西可以当作燃料燃烧，因此“use as fuel”意为燃烧。 4．文章先引入野火与消防员，再分“By air”和“On the land”两个板块，详细介绍消防员扑救野火的各类方法，作者写作目的是向读者介绍消防员如何扑灭野火。 Have you ever seen thousands of small fish moving together like a giant ball? These are sardines (沙丁鱼), and they have a very clever way to stay safe in the ocean. Living in the open sea, sardines are small and weak, so they are often in danger. Many powerful hunters, such as sea lions, sharks and large fish, are always looking for them. When a hungry sea lion comes near, the sardines do not swim away in different directions. If they do that, the sea lion can catch them easily one by one. Instead, these little fish use their “team spirit” to fight back. Suddenly, the sardines swim towards each other very quickly. They form a large, round shape that looks like a big, spinning ball. Scientists call this a “bait ball”. Because the ball is moving and spinning so fast, the sea lion becomes very confused. It looks at the thousands of silver scales and cannot pick just one fish to eat. It is like trying to catch a single leaf in a windstorm! By staying together, most of the sardines escape and stay alive. They are not big or strong, but they are “tactical masters”. This amazing story from the sea teaches us a great lesson. When we work together as a team, we are much stronger than when we are alone. Even the smallest creatures can do great things as long as they help each other! 1．How does the writer lead in the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. D．By using a quote. 2．According to the passage, what would happen if sardines swam away in different directions when a sea lion comes near? A．The sea lion would get confused and leave them alone. B．They would all be safe because the sea lion cannot catch them all. C．The sea lion could easily catch them one by one. D．They would form a bait ball to fight back. 3．Why do sardines form a “bait ball” when sea lions come near? A．To attract more small fish to eat. B．To protect themselves from being caught. C．To play a game with other sea animals. D．To find a new place to live. 4．What is the main lesson the writer wants to teach us? A．Sardines are the most clever fish in the ocean. B．Sea lions are dangerous to small sea creatures. C．Working together as a team makes people stronger. D．Small animals should stay away from large hunters. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了沙丁鱼在遇到危险时，通过集体形成“诱饵球”的方式保护自己的生存智慧，告诉我们团队合作能让我们更强大的道理。 1．文章开头用“Have you ever seen thousands of small fish moving together like a giant ball?”这一问题引出话题，因此作者是通过提问的方式引入主题的。 2．第二段指出“When a hungry sea lion comes near, the sardines do not swim away in different directions. If they do that, the sea lion can catch them easily one by one.”，如果沙丁鱼四散游开，海狮会很容易把它们一只只抓住。 3．第三段指出“Because the ball is moving and spinning so fast, the sea lion becomes very confused. It looks at the thousands of silver scales and cannot pick just one fish to eat.”，沙丁鱼形成“诱饵球”是为了迷惑海狮，从而保护自己不被抓住。 4．最后一段指出“When we work together as a team, we are much stronger than when we are alone. Even the smallest creatures can do great things as long as they help each other!”，作者想告诉我们团队合作能让我们变得更强大。 四、书面表达 1．主题：Make a Difference with Small Actions 要求：结合Unit8知识点，介绍我们可以做的小事、志愿工作、个人感悟，80‑100词，语句通顺，语法正确。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Make a Difference with Small Actions Small actions can make a big difference in daily life. We can do many little things to help others and protect the environment. For example, we can volunteer to clean up the park or help the old cross the road. Turning off lights when leaving a room saves energy. Giving a smile to someone sad can warm their heart. These actions may seem small, but they bring positive changes. I believe even the smallest act of kindness can change the world. Let’s start from now. Do something good every day, and we will make our world a better place. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文（观点阐述与建议），用一般现在时 明确要点：小事可以带来大改变（日常生活中的小事）、具体行动（志愿清理公园、帮助老人过马路、离开房间关灯、对悲伤的人微笑）、个人感悟（微小善举能改变世界，从现在开始每天做好事） 确定人称：第一人称（I）和第一人称复数（we） 注意事项：需结合Unit8知识点，词数80-100，语句通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 第一段：总述小事能带来大改变，我们可以做许多小事来帮助他人和保护环境 第二段：举例说明具体的小行动（志愿清理公园、帮助老人过马路、离开房间关灯节约能源、给悲伤的人一个微笑温暖他们的心） 第三段：总结感悟（这些行动看似微小但能带来积极变化，相信最微小的善举也能改变世界，从现在开始每天做好事） [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：总述 表达：Small actions can make a big difference in daily life/Even small actions can create great changes in our everyday lives/We can do many little things to help others and protect the environment等 要点二：具体行动（志愿活动） 行动一：volunteer to clean up the park/take part in volunteer work to clean the park/join a park cleanup activity as a volunteer等 行动二：help the old cross the road/assist elderly people in crossing the street/offer a helping hand to the elderly when they need to cross the road等 要点三：具体行动（节能与友善） 行动三：Turning off lights when leaving a room saves energy/Switching off the lights after leaving a room helps save energy/Make it a habit to turn off unused lights to reduce energy waste等 行动四：Giving a smile to someone sad can warm their heart/A simple smile can cheer up a person who is feeling down/Offering a warm smile to someone in low spirits can bring them comfort and joy等 要点四：个人感悟 感悟一：These actions may seem small, but they bring positive changes/Though these acts appear tiny, they lead to meaningful improvements等 感悟二：I believe even the smallest act of kindness can change the world/I truly believe that the tiniest kind action can have a great influence on the world等 呼吁：Let’s start from now. Do something good every day, and we will make our world a better place/Let us begin today. By doing one good deed each day, together we can build a better world等 2．请根据下面内容，以“My Favourite Book”为题，写一篇英语短文。提示：1.名称和作者；2.主要人物介绍；3.主要内容；4.个人感想。 要求：1.文中不得出现任何真实信息；2.词数80左右。 My Favourite Book ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 My Favourite Book My favourite book is Harry Potter written by a British writer, J. K. Rowling. It is full of interesting stories. And it is one of the funniest books I have read. The main character of the book is Harry Potter. He’s a brave and clever boy who fights against powerful enemies. I have learned a lot from him. We should be confident and brave like Harry, and we should love and protect our friends. I like reading Harry Potter very much. I think it is an interesting book. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性记叙文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：介绍书籍名称和作者；书中主要人物介绍以及 主要内容；个人感想 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）、第三人称（He/him） 注意事项：不出现真实姓名、校名等信息；词数80左右。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构：开头段：点明自己最喜欢的书是什么，以及作者是谁。 主体段：介绍主要人物及其特点、简述书的主要内容、表达个人感想 结尾段：表达对此书的喜爱。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：书籍名称和作者 最喜欢的书籍以及作者：My favourite book is Harry Potter. It was written by a British writer, J. K. Rowling./I like reading Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone written by J.K. Rowling.   要点二：主要人物介绍 人物特点：The main character of the book is Harry Potter. He’s a brave and clever boy who fights against powerful enemies./The main character, Tom, is a clever and brave boy./Harry is a young wizard who is kind and never gives up./Hermione is very smart and always helps her friends.   要点三：主要内容 故事梗概：It tells the story of how Tom and his friends solve mysteries./The book is about Harry’s adventures at Hogwarts School.  It shows how the characters overcome difficulties together.   要点四：个人感想 感想表达：I have learned a lot from him. We should be confident and brave like Harry Potter. And we should love and protect our friends./I have learned a lot from this book, such as courage and friendship./This book teaches me to face challenges bravely. 3．向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。 “汉语桥”活动即将开展，世界各国的青少年们即将来到中国体验中国文化。假如你是林嘉，是此次 “汉语桥”活动的志愿者之一。请你根据以下表格提示，用英文写一篇发言稿，向外国小伙伴们介绍我们中国的一些文化习俗。 Customs and manners Dos Don’ts Arrival time on time or a little earlier; too late; Gifts bring a gift like ... bring a clock or white flowers; ... Dress clean and tidy casual outfits (休闲装） Greeting customs say “nihao” or shake hands… hug or bow Table manners serving chopsticks and spoons (公筷、公勺） stick chopsticks into the food; talk with a full mouth;point at others with chopsticks 写作要求： 1.短文应包括提示内容，条理清晰，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2.短文中不能出现真实的人名、校名、地名等信息；句型多样化，不能只使用should或shouldn’t。 3.短文不少于80词。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now, let me introduce some customs and manners to you in China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now, let me introduce some customs and manners to you in China. When invited to a dinner in China, arrive on time or slightly early, don’t be late. Bring some gifts like tea or fruit—avoid clocks or white flowers. Dress neatly and tidily, keep your clothes clean and avoid casual outfits. Greet with “nihao” or a handshake, hugging or bowing is not common in daily greetings. At the table, use serving chopsticks and spoons. Never stick chopsticks into food, talk with a full mouth, or point with chopsticks. I hope you enjoy your stay in China and have a wonderful cultural experience! 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：讲稿（应用文），以一般现在时为主 明确要点：中国餐饮与社交礼仪（赴宴时间、礼物选择、着装要求、问候方式、餐桌礼仪） 确定人称：第一人称(I/my)和第二人称(you)结合，直接面向外国访客 注意事项：内容应体现文化尊重，避免使用负面评价 [第二步：构思布局] 两段式结构： 开头段：自我介绍并点明主题——介绍中国风俗礼仪 主体段：按顺序列举五项具体礼仪要点（赴宴、礼物、着装、问候、餐桌） 结尾句：表达祝愿，升华文化体验 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：赴宴时间 要求说明：arrive on time or slightly early, be earlier等 应避免行为：don’t be late, you shouldn’t be late等 要点二：礼物选择 推荐礼物：tea or fruit, a small gift is OK等 禁忌物品：clocks or white flowers, black things等 文化原因：被视作不吉利 要点三：着装要求 标准：dress cleanly and tidily, wear clean clothes等 应避免：casual outfits, casual dress等 要点四：问候方式 常用方式：“nihao”, shake hands等 不常见方式：hugging or bowing, kissing等 适用场合：daily greetings, common greetings等 要点五：餐桌礼仪 使用工具：serving chopsticks and spoons, usually use serving chopsticks等 禁止行为：stick chopsticks into food, put the food on the table等 禁止行为：talk with a full mouth, make too much noise when eating等 禁止行为：point at others with chopsticks, bite the chopsticks when eating等 4．近期学校开展“自然灾难自救科普”主题英语征文活动，请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文投稿。 提示： 1.你学习过的两种自然灾害（雷电、洪水、台风、地震、火山、沙尘暴任选其二）； 2.分别写出对应的2条自救方法； 3.谈谈你对学习防灾知识的看法。 要求： 1.词数100左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，无明显语法错误； 3.不得出现真实人名、班级、校名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Learn to Protect Ourselves from Natural Disasters We have learned two common natural disasters at school: earthquakes and floods. When an earthquake hits, hide under a strong desk and protect your head. Never jump from buildings or use lifts. If a flood comes, move to high ground quickly and avoid walking through water. Also, turn off gas and electricity before leaving.   I think disaster self-protection knowledge is important because these skills can save lives. Our school often holds safety drills to help us practice. Everyone should take them seriously and share them with family. Then we can all stay safe in emergencies. 写作步骤   [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体和时态：说明文，以一般现在时为主。 明确要点：1. 学习过的两种自然灾害；2. 每种灾害对应的2条自救方法；3. 对学习防灾知识的看法 确定人称：第一人称（I/we） 注意事项：词数100左右，条理清晰，不得出现真实信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起，说明在学校学习过的两种自然灾害 主体段：说明对应的自救方法 结尾段：表达对学习防灾知识的看法，强调防灾知识的重要性和分享的必要性 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：任选两种灾害 earthquakes/floods/typhoon/lightning/volcano/sandstorm等 要点二：自救方法 地震：hide under a strong desk and protect your head/never jump from buildings or use lifts/stay away from windows/move to an open area/keep clear of tall buildings and trees等 洪水：move to high ground quickly/avoid walking through water/turn off gas and electricity before leaving/watch out for broken wires under water/climb onto a strong roof or big tree if trapped等 台风：stay indoors and away from windows/do not go outside during the storm/secure loose objects等   雷电：avoid open fields and tall trees/do not use electrical devices or take a shower/stay inside a building or car等 火山：follow evacuation orders/cover your nose and mouth with a wet cloth to avoid ash/stay away from lava flows等 沙尘暴：wear masks and goggles/stay indoors with windows closed/avoid outdoor activities等 要点三：看法 disaster self-protection knowledge is important/these skills can save lives/school holds safety drills/everyone should take them seriously and share with family/stay safe in emergencies/greatly reduce injuries/not only keep safe, but also help people around us等 5．你的英国笔友Tom来信询问中国的自然奇观，他想知道你最喜欢的自然奇观是什么，以及你平时是否喜欢去户外感受自然。请你根据来信内容写一封回信。 要求：1.文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，并适当发挥；2.词数90左右，文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.文中不能出现真实校名、人名等信息。 Dear Tom, Thanks for your letter. I’m very glad to tell you about my favorite natural wonder in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, Thanks for your letter. I’m very glad to tell you about my favorite natural wonder in China. My favorite natural wonder is Huangshan, located in Anhui Province. It’s famous for its strange-shaped pines, unique rocks and magical sea of clouds. Last summer, I visited it with my parents. Early in the morning, we watched the sunrise above the clouds, which felt like a fairy world. I took hundreds of photos and felt totally relaxed. I love getting close to nature. On weekends, I usually go hiking in nearby mountains or have picnics in parks. It makes me forget my worries and feel peaceful. Huangshan is like a precious gem. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 写作步骤： [第一步：审题立意] 明确文体：书信，一般现在时 明确要点：最喜欢的中国自然奇观；自己对于去户外感受自然的看法和经历 确定人称：第一人称(I/my) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出主题：感谢来信，表明要告知最喜欢的中国自然奇观 主体段：介绍自己最喜欢的自然奇观 结尾段：介绍自己对于去户外感受自然的看法和经历 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：最喜欢的中国自然奇观：My favorite natural wonder is Huangshan/famous for its strange-shaped pines/My favorite natural wonder is Guilin’s landscape/It’s world-famous for its karst mountains and clear, winding Li River 要点二：自己对于去户外感受自然的看法和经历：I love getting close to nature/It makes me forget my worries and feel peaceful/I love being outdoors/Being in nature makes me feel calm and alive 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末复习考前押题组合练 （语法填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+六选五5篇+完形5篇+写作5篇） 一、短文填空 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整。 Health and safety are of great importance in our daily life. Last Monday, Lily had 1 cough and felt really terrible. Her mother took her temperature at once and found she had a high fever. So they hurried to the hospital. The doctor checked her 2 (careful). He told Lily’s mother that Lily was suffering 3 a very bad cold. He gave her some 4 (pill) and advised her to have a good rest at home. On the way home, they saw a man riding a bike in front. Suddenly, the man lost control and fell off the bike. His knee was bruised 5 (bad), and there was even a small injury on his hand. Lily and her mother ran to help without hesitation. They used the first aid knowledge they learned before 6 (deal) with the injury. Then they called the emergency number for help. This experience made Lily deeply realize that people should always pay close attention to 7 (they)—especially their health. And when people are outside, they must be careful about 8 (safe) to avoid any harm. What’s more, knowing some basic first aid skills can be really helpful when facing 9 (ill) or accidents. We should also remember that a clean environment is good for our health, 10 we should try our best to protect it. 在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (缩写词算一个词)。 There are many reasons why you may forget to smile. You may be worried about your life or you may be busy with other 1 (problem). Here are a few reasons why you should smile. Let you be beautiful. Wearing make-up (化妆品) can only make you look beautiful on your face. Real happiness comes 2 your deep heart and it shows on your face only through a smile. 3 you want to look attractive (吸引人的), you should smile a lot. Make you be healthy. A smile 4 (usual) shows that a person is happy. And being happy helps people to have 5 healthy life. Smiling can make you feel good and do good to your health. If you can be happy more often, it’s easier to keep 6 (you) in good health. Help you make more friends. You should do it right now. You have to be a 7 (friend) person, when you want to start a talk with people or know someone much 8 (good). So people can believe in you. Smiling is a way 9 (help) you make it more easily. Smiling 10 (make) it easier for people to get along with each other. Shadow puppet plays Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an. The audience(观众) can hear them, but they cannot see 1 (they). That is because they are 2 (put) on a shadow puppet play. Shadow puppets 3 (be) made of hard leather. The leather is cut out in the shape of a person, 4 animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in bright colors and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable (可移动的) arms and 5 (leg). During a shadow puppet play, Wang 6 (stand) behind a white screen with lights behind it. The audience sit in front 7 the screen. Wang and his friends hold(握着) the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets’ shadows 8 (clear). Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters. Shadow puppet plays are an ancient 9 (China) art. Now with TV and films, shadow puppet plays are not as popular as before. Wang and his friends often work very hard for little money, 10 they do not mind. They want to keep this traditional art form alive. There is something magical about going on 1 bike ride in the great outdoors. Whether you’re an 2 (experience) cyclist or a beginner, cycling is good for you in many ways. Cycling gives you a break from your busy life. It can cut down your stress and worries. Scientists say that 3 (stay) in nature will make you calmer and happier. They also point out 4 cycling can even help build your confidence. Cycling in nature 5 (excite) your brain. Studies have shown that it helps improve your attention. You may meet some problems while cycling. As you try to deal 6 these problems, your creativity and life skills will improve. As you explore mountains and forests on your bike, you can get 7 (you) closer to nature. This helps you understand the need 8 (protect) the environment. There are a few things you should keep in mind while cycling, like being 9 (care) about road safety, respecting wildlife and not throwing away rubbish. Cycling can be hard. 10 , doing it as a group helps people stay active. You can go on a bike ride with friends or join a cycling group. Enjoy the fun with others in the arms of nature. One warm day, five little ants found a big piece of cake on the ground! “Let’s take it home!” they cheered 1 (happy). “We’ll pull at the front!” said Tom and Tim. “I’ll push at the back!” Annie shouted. She was the 2 (strong) of the five. “Andy and I will lead the way!” cried Lulu. “There’re lots of sticks and 3 (stone) on the way. We must be careful.” The ants agreed. Tom, Tim and Annie tried their best to move the cake. Lulu and Andy ran in front. They moved small sticks away and warned Tom, Tim and Annie 4 big holes. Suddenly, it began to rain. “Be quick! Cover the cake!” Annie shouted. All quickly pulled the cake onto a big leaf and used another big leaf as 5 umbrella to keep the cake dry. After the rain, they kept walking. When a big puddle (水坑) was in the way, they used a thin stick as a small bridge across it. When the cake got stuck in a hole, they lifted it and pushed it little by little 6 it came out. Finally, the cake 7 (carry) to the ant hill. The queen ant was 8 (surprise). She asked, “How did you carry such a big piece of cake back?” “Alone, we are small,” Lulu said. “But together, we’re strong enough 9 (move) big things!” They shared the cake with other ants. The experience also increased their 10 (confident). They couldn’t wait for their next team adventure. 二、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lisa was a middle school student. Every Saturday afternoon, she went to the community to help an old lady named Mrs. Wang. Mrs. Wang lost her 1 after a serious illness and could not see anything. Her children worked in another city, so she lived 2 . At first, Lisa was a little nervous. She didn’t know 3 to talk to a blind person. But Mrs. Wang was kind and friendly. She told Lisa stories about her young days. Lisa would read newspapers to her and help her 4 the house. Sometimes they cooked together. Slowly, Mrs. Wang became 5 and smiled more often. She said Lisa was like her own granddaughter. Lisa also learned a lot from the experience. She understood that blind people need not only help but also 6 . Last week, there was a “Volunteer Star” 7 in the community. Lisa won the prize. When reporters asked her why she kept volunteering, she said, “Helping others makes me feel 8 . When I see Mrs. Wang’s smile, I know everything is worth it.” Lisa’s story 9 many students in her school. More and more students joined the volunteer team. They believe that 10 can light up the world if everyone gives a little love. 1．A．sight B．hearing C．voice D．memory 2．A．angrily B．quietly C．alone D．happily 3．A．what B．how C．when D．where 4．A．build B．move C．clean D．paint 5．A．sadder B．calmer C．shyer D．happier 6．A．money B．food C．respect D．advice 7．A．competition B．show C．meeting D．activity 8．A．tired B．warm C．bored D．surprised 9．A．changed B．worried C．touched D．helped 10．A．courage B．kindness C．knowledge D．patience Last month, our city experienced a strong typhoon. Before it came, the weather report 1 us to stay at home and get ready for it. My family and I 2 lots of food, water and candles. We also closed all the windows tightly and moved the plants from the balcony (阳台) into the room. When the typhoon arrived, the wind blew 3 and the rain poured heavily. The trees outside were shaking strongly, and some branches even 4 off. We turned off the TV and computer to keep safe, and sat in the living room talking. My little sister was a bit scared at first, but we told her to stay 5 and everything would be fine. After the typhoon ended, we went outside to check the 6 . Many roads were covered with fallen leaves and branches, and some street signs were 7 . But 8 , our house was not damaged. The next day, workers came to clean the roads and repair the broken signs. This 9 taught me that it’s very important to follow the early warnings of disasters and prepare well. It also made me realize that following rules and working together can help us 10 difficult times easily. From then on, I pay more attention to weather reports and learn more about how to deal with different kinds of disasters. 1．A．told B．said C．spoke D．talked 2．A．sold B．bought C．borrowed D．gave 3．A．softly B．gently C．strongly D．quietly 4．A．jumped B．fell C．got D．turned 5．A．angry B．sad C．calm D．excited 6．A．situation B．information C．direction D．instruction 7．A．broken B．fixed C．new D．clean 8．A．unfortunately B．luckily C．sadly D．suddenly 9．A．accident B．plan C．message D．experience 10．A．bite through B．look through C．sweep through D．get through 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Sahara Desert is the biggest desert in the world. It 1 11 countries in North Africa and is about 9 million square kilometres in size. Its 2 is covered in sand. Many people think it has always been a desert, but they are wrong. At one time, the Sahara was underwater, and many things grew. However, hot winds made everything very 3 , and then nothing could grow. These changes in the environment took millions of years. Today, the desert still keeps changing. It is a sandy desert with great sand hills. The wind moves the 4 around, making the hills look different over time. In the Sahara Desert, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. During the day, it can be the 5 place in the world. The temperature rises to over 50 6 . However, the temperature might drop 7 zero at night. So it’s hard for living things to live in the terrible 8 . Only a few animals can live in the desert. The camel is the best known, and there is also a kind of deer. These animals can 9 for a long time without water. Their natural abilities help them live in this environment. There are also people living in the desert, called Bedouins (贝都因人). They don’t live in the same place all the time, but move about from place to place. They know how to use the resources (资源 ) of the desert 10 , like finding hidden water sources. 1．A．accepts B．covers C．develops D．wonders 2．A．ocean B．location C．surface D．height 3．A．dry B．alive C．wet D．lively 4．A．grass B．water C．stone D．sand 5．A．coldest B．coolest C．hottest D．warmest 6．A．metres B．degrees C．levels D．miles 7．A．above B．below C．high D．low 8．A．descriptions B．emotions C．conditions D．suggestions 9．A．control B．avoid C．disappear D．survive 10．A．badly B．sadly C．wisely D．nervously 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lucy used to be a shy girl. She always felt nervous when talking to others. To help her relax, her parents encouraged her to 1 a hobby. At first, Lucy had no idea what to do. Her mother suggested doing calligraphy. “It’s a good way to 2 down,” she said. Lucy decided to give it a go. She found an instructor and started to learn. It was difficult 3 first because she couldn’t control the brush well. However, her instructor always told her not to 4 up and to practice stroke by stroke. After several months of practice, Lucy’s calligraphy improved a lot. She felt a great sense of 5 every time she finished a piece. The most 6 thing was that she became much calmer and more confident. She even expressed her feelings by writing 7 on the back of her works. “The best part is that I can give my works to friends 8 return,” Lucy said. “It makes 9 both happy.” For Lucy, calligraphy is not just a way to 10 time; it has become an important part of her life. 1．A．take up B．take off C．take away D．take out 2．A．write B．break C．calm D．fall 3．A．in B．at C．on D．for 4．A．give B．pick C．look D．get 5．A．achievement B．agreement C．environment D．development 6．A．surprisingly B．surprised C．surprising D．surprise 7．A．poems B．stories C．mails D．programs 8．A．to B．in C．with D．for 9．A．we B．our C．us D．ourselves 10．A．kill B．pass C．waste D．find Noah is only 13 years old, but he’s a hero. He has helped his 1 out of a fire. On 10th May, Noah was at home alone. Suddenly he heard someone 2 “Fire! Fire!” He ran 3 . He saw a lot of smoke from next door. He went in and saw his neighbour, the 79-year-old Mrs Smith, in the kitchen. She could not get out 4 she had hurt her leg. Anything could happen to her at that moment. Noah 5 ran back to his house and poured water over his jacket. Then he rushed into Mrs Smith’s kitchen to 6 her. There was a lot of smoke and the fire was very hot. But he was not scared. He 7 the fire with a blanket and helped Mrs Smith out. The fire burnt (烧伤了) Noah’s neck, arms and face. As a result, he was 8 for a month. Many people visited him and 9 him flowers and presents. “What a brave young man!” they said. Noah was 10 that he helped Mrs Smith. “We should help each other,” he said. Noah also said, “Fire can be very dangerous. It is important to be careful with fire.” 1．A．neighbour B．classmate C．teacher D．friend 2．A．saying B．singing C．shouting D．asking 3．A．here B．there C．inside D．outside 4．A．however B．so C．because D．although 5．A．carefully B．quickly C．completely D．slowly 6．A．save B．teach C．call D．climb 7．A．found B．fought C．lighted D．built 8．A．on vacation B．at home C．in hospital D．at work 9．A．thanked B．visited C．provided D．brought 10．A．glad B．surprised C．afraid D．sorry 三、阅读理解 根据短文内容，从后面的选项中选择能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Natural disasters may happen at any time. When natural disasters happen, you might find yourself without water, food and electricity. 1 Here are some suggestions. First, know what disasters may happen in your area. You should learn about the types of disasters that are common in your city, such as earthquakes, floods, or typhoons. It is also a good way to follow local news and weather reports. 2 Second, make an emergency plan. Plan a way to get your family members together if they can’t find each other when a disaster happens. 3 Pick one place right outside your home for sudden emergencies and the other one outside of your neighborhood. Third, get a family survival kit (应急包) ready. 4 For example, water, food, medicine and some useful tools. Besides, it is necessary to think about any special needs that might come up. Pack some special things for the old or the young of your family. Then, keep the kit in a place where everyone can find it easily. Finally, practise the plan you have made. Practise regularly with your family and make sure that everyone knows exactly what to do. 5 It is impossible to stop natural disasters, but with more preparation, you can protect yourself and your loved ones better. A．Choose two places for everyone to go if it isn’t safe to stay at home. B．So you should get prepared before a disaster comes. C．In these ways, you can keep aware of possible risks. D．By taking these steps, you can improve your chances of surviving. E．It should include some necessary things your family need. F．Remember to keep calm and try to save others as much as possible. 阅读下面短文，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up is a wonderful journey. Sometimes it’s happy, and sometimes it’s a little sad. When you feel upset or stressed, it’s important to know how to take care of your feelings. 1 ◆Share your feelings. Don’t keep your worries inside. Talk to someone you trust, like your parents, a good friend, or your teacher. 2 They might help you see things in a new way and make you feel less lonely. ◆Be kind to yourself. Sometimes we are too hard on ourselves when we make mistakes. Remember, nobody is perfect. 3 For example, listen to your favorite music, read a book, or just take a relaxing walk. ◆Get moving! Physical exercise is not just good for your body; it’s great for your mind too. 4 It helps to clear your head and makes you feel more energetic and happy. ◆Connect with nature. Step outside and enjoy the natural world. 5 Listen to the birds, feel the wind on your face, or just sit under a tree. Nature has a magical way of calming us down and helping us see the bigger picture. A．Go for a run, play ball games with friends, or do some yoga. B．You can also write down your feelings in a diary. C．You should keep busy all the time. D．Take time to do things that make you happy. E．Here are some simple ways to help you feel better. F．A short walk in the park can do wonders. In China, people say hello in many different ways. They might say “Nǐ hǎo.” or “Nǐ chī le ma?”, which means “Hello.” and “Have you eaten?”. They will say these sentences while meeting you in the school, company or other places at any time. These greetings show how much Chinese people care about each other. 1 The most commonly used greetings in the West are about two ways. First, talk about the weather. The English often talk about weather because the weather there is often changing. They can talk about this every day. Second, talk about the latest situation. 2 Westerners take personal information seriously. Sometimes, when Chinese people meet Westerners, there can be confusion. Greetings might seem too personal, and Westerners might feel uncomfortable. 3 Cultural differences may cause surprising misunderstandings (误解). So, give special importance to the need for empathy (同理心). 4 Understanding these differences helps us to be kind and respect others. Next time when you meet people from another place, greet them in the way that makes them happy. You may say it’s difficult to remember so many different cultures. Well, 5 Everyone can do it. Just start from now on! A．Well, what about Westerners? B．Learning them is like playing a new game. C．It’s fun to learn about how people greet each other in different places. D．But don’t talk too much about personal information. E．However, you needn’t know different ways of saying hello. F．So we need to know that people have different ways to be polite. 阅读下列短文，从所给选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，结构完整，其中有一项是多余选项 Are you looking for a good volunteer activity? Get outdoors and go gleaning! What is gleaning? 1 Some farm produce is of good quality but does not look that good. Farmers don’t usually try to sell this kind of produce. Much of it is left in the fields. That means a great waste. And gleaning is about reducing this waste by collecting the leftover produce. These days, many volunteer groups go out gleaning in order to provide those in need with fresh, healthy food. Holly’s group is among them. 2 Once, a local fruit farmer called Holly to ask for gleaning services. The farmer had a large field with more than 700 fruit trees. A member of Holly’s group created a digital map of the trees. 3 In addition to this, Holly’s volunteers have also picked potatoes, cabbages and many other vegetables from farms. They work in small teams, moving carefully between the rows to avoid damaging (破坏) the vegetables. 4 It arrives at the area within 24 hours so people in need can enjoy the food at its best. Gleaning makes a big difference to the society and people. It helps solve the problems of farm waste and food shortages (短缺). 5 “We can get outside and do something good for the world,” said Holly. “I feel happy whenever I go gleaning!” A．And gleaners also find it meaningful to do the work. B．Her volunteers collect about 300 boxes of food each week. C．The food has then been sent to food banks and community kitchens in her area. D．Well, let’s begin with the problem of food waste on farms. E．With the help of the map, the volunteers easily collected the leftover fruit from the trees. F．Let’s try our best to go out gleaning together. When work or school is over, what do you do to pass the time? Do you spend time on hobbies you love? Physical hobbies, such as playing tennis or doing yoga, can help us to keep fit. And some creative hobbies can help us reduce stress. 1 Hobbies help build a teenager’s confidence. By finding an area of interest, a teenager can build his or her skill. 2 3 Bored teenagers look for things to do and are more likely to do something bad. Helping teenagers take up a hobby is helping them stay out of trouble. Hobbies will help teenagers to get on well with their parents. When a teenager is busy with a hobby, his parents have an easy chance to praise him for it. They can communicate with each other easily. Hobbies aren’t hard to find. 4 Every time you spend time on your hobby, you’ re not just having fun but also getting better at something and feeling happier too. So don’t wait. Pick something that makes you smile, stick with it. 5 根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。（每个选项只能用一次，选项中有一项是多余的） A．Hobbies keep teenagers from getting bored. B．Here are four other reasons for taking up a hobby. C．Hobbies are here to make your teenage years brighter. D．Choose a hobby that can make you get on well with your parents. E．This leads to positive results and builds a teenager’s confidence. F．You can start small like drawing in a notebook or playing basketball after school. Jack Riding a bike is my favourite hobby. I think it’s very interesting. I often ride a bike to the countryside (农村) on weekends. Along the way, I see trees, flowers, lakes, and mountains. Sometimes the ride makes me tired, but I feel well when I am back home. Sara I learn tai chi from my grandpa these days. It is slow but great, and it’s good for our health. Also, playing tai chi makes me patient (有耐心的). When I feel bored or angry, I will play it and then I’ll become quiet and not think too much. Tony I like mountain climbing. It brings me much fun. I feel excited and successful when I get to the top of the mountain. To keep safe, climbing with some friends and making a plan are very important. Kate Different from other girls, I like bungee jumping (蹦极) very much. In fact, it’s not as dangerous as you think. When I fall from a high place, I always shout and feel like a bird flying in the air. It’s cool! 1．What sport does Jack like best? A． B．C． D． 2．How does Tony keep safe when climbing mountains? ① Climbing with friends.    ② Taking much food.    ③ Making a plan.    ④ Taking a phone. A．①③ B．②④ C．①② D．③④ 3．What does Kate always do when she is doing bungee jumping? A．She asks questions.B．She eats fruit. C．She shouts. D．She plays games. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Jack often rides a bike with his friend to mountains. B．Sara learns tai chi from her mother every day. C．Tony always climbs mountains with his parents D．Kate thinks bungee jumping is cool. In life, there are accepted rules that everybody follows. For example, you shouldn’t eat with your mouth open. In the UK, people should drive on the left and wait in line in public places. However, the rules aren’t clear online and it can be hard to know how to behave. Safer Internet Day helps people think about these matters. When it comes to being safe online, you probably know the basic rule: don’t give personal information to somebody you don’t know. But now it’s also about whether you’re able to do the things you love without feeling worried. A study shows that 43% of the girls don’t share their opinions online because they fear someone may criticize them. In another study, around 51% of the respondents (调查对象) were worried about how others reacted (回应) to their online opinions. Here is some advice for you if you are bullied (欺凌) online. The first thing to do is to tell an adult you trust about what’s happening. Besides, if the person who bullied you has been unkind or posts something that makes you feel afraid, you can report it to the official on social media. Don’t react with unkindness. It can make things worse, so try to stay calm. At the same time, how you act online is just as important as how others treat you. So there are some unwritten rules for us to be good people online. Treat everybody with kindness online, respect others’ feelings and don’t be mean (刻薄的). If you’ve shared something you shouldn’t have, it’s never too late to say sorry and fix the situation. If you notice somebody is being bullied online, consider reporting it and getting in touch with the person being treated badly to make sure he or she is OK. 1．What can we know about online rules? A．They are accepted by everyone. B．There are no clear online rules yet. C．They can protect people from danger. D．They are the same all over the world. 2．How does the writer tell us about being a good person online? A．By giving advice. B．By answering questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By showing us facts. 3．Which of the following would the writer probably agree with? A．Teenagers should stay away from the unkind people. B．Teenagers should tell a strong adult what’s happening. C．Teenagers should be responsible for their words and actions online. D．Teenagers should hide their ideas and keep silent online. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Why People Need Rules Online B．Why People Celebrate Safer Internet Day C．How Teenagers Deal with Bullying Online D．How People Behave and Keep Safe Online Anger isn’t a good feeling. Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s seen everywhere. Unluckily, many of us have been used to keeping our feelings hidden. Research suggests that this can have long-term bad influences on your health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The research points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends and our family. The longer we stay angry, the worse the result will be. So how can we deal with our angry feelings in a right way? First, know what makes us angry. Anger is often caused by feelings such as fear, disappointment and so on. Also, care more about those everyday things that will make us angry. For example, we may get angry in the long lines at the store. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has dinner to make, just like us. One way to deal with anger is to talk about it. The study has shown that if we name our feelings, we can slowly calm ourselves down and feel better. Take some deep breaths or find some helpful exercise to do. Exercise helps with feelings of anger. If we learn to deal with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 1．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying. 2．According to the text, which of the following about anger is true? A．Few people will keep their feelings hidden. B．Sometimes anger is a good feeling. C．It is harmful for our health to keep anger hidden. D．It’s better to break things when we are angry. 3．Which of the following is right? (X means the time you get angry. Y means the bad influence it will have.) A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．What makes you angry? B．Why are you angry? C．When to deal with anger D．How to deal with anger If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect, lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about his family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series of interesting paintings about 18th-century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 p.m., but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor    ②the ground floor    ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Hear. B．Decide. C．Promise. D．Remember. The use of chopsticks is a must in Chinese food culture. When you use chopsticks in China, there are some taboos you must know. ● Don’t point your chopsticks at others. It is seen as a sign of disrespect. Likewise, don’t wave your chopsticks in the air or play with them when you eat. ● Don’t knock on your bowls or plates with chopsticks. People think this is like begging for food. ● Don’t stir (搅拌) your food with chopsticks to find what you want. This is very rude. ● Don’t let liquid (液体) drop from chopsticks when you take food with them. If the liquid drops on other dishes or the table, it is impolite. ● Never stick chopsticks into your food, especially into rice. This is a way to remember the dead. ● Don’t suck (吮吸) the end of chopsticks. This behavior is impolite, and the noise will also make people uncomfortable. Now most large restaurants in China offer forks and other places offer Chinese spoons. If you are not used to using chopsticks, you can ask waiters for forks or spoons. If you want to learn to use chopsticks during your trip in China, your tour guide can teach you how to pick up food and enjoy your meal. 1．What does the underlined word “taboos” mean? A．Something you should follow. B．Something you must not do. C．Something you keep as a habit. D．Something you had better try. 2．Which of the following pictures is NOT described in this passage? A． B． C． D． 3．In China, when may people stick chopsticks into rice? A．On New Year’s Day. B．On Mother’s Day. C．On Qingming Festival. D．On Mid-Autumn Festival. 4．Who are the readers of the passage? A．Chinese students. B．Waiters in restaurants. C．The elderly in China. D．Foreigners who want to visit China. On a cold winter morning, a little girl was selling matches on the street. She was wearing old and thin clothes and her feet were bare. She had no shoes and no socks. She was very cold and hungry, but she couldn’t go home because she hadn't sold any matches all day. Her father would beat her if she went home without any money. The little girl sat down in a corner between two houses. She lit a match to warm her hands. Suddenly, she saw a warm stove in front of her. She reached out her hands to the stove, but the match went out and the stove disappeared. She lit another match. This time, she saw a beautiful table with a big turkey on it. The turkey was so delicious that she could almost taste it. But just as she was about to eat, the match went out and the table disappeared. She lit a third match. Now she saw a Christmas tree. It was decorated with colorful lights and beautiful presents. Under the tree, there were many toys and candies. The little girl smiled happily. But again, the match went out and the Christmas tree disappeared. She lit a fourth match. This time, she saw her grandmother. Her grandmother was the only person who had ever been kind to her. She had died a few years ago. “Grandmother!” the little girl cried. “Take me with you! I know you will leave me when the match goes out.” Her grandmother smiled and held out her arms. The little girl lit all the remaining matches to keep her grandmother with her. The matches burned brightly, and her grandmother took her hand. They flew up into the sky together, where there was no cold, no hunger and no pain. The next morning, people found the little girl lying dead in the corner. Her face was smiling and there were still some burnt matches in her hand. 1．Why couldn’t the little girl go home? A．Because she lost her way. B．Because she didn’t want to go home. C．Because she hadn’t sold any matches. D．Because her parents didn’t want her to come back. 2．What did the little girl see when she lit the first match? A．A warm stove. B．A big turkey. C．A Christmas tree. D．Her grandmother. 3．Who was the only person who had ever been kind to the little girl? A．Her father. B．Her mother. C．Her grandmother. D．Her teacher. 4．What can we learn from the story? A．We should be kind to poor people. B．Matches are very useful. C．We should not sell matches on the street. D．Christmas is a happy time. Have you ever heard of or taken the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)? With 93 questions, the test separates all of the different people in the world into 16 types. There are many other personality tests in the world, but the MBTI is perhaps the most popular one. More than 1.5 million people take it every year. Some companies even use it to help choose suitable workers. However, the MBTI can’t truly measure (衡量) changeable personality. The test, after all, was created in the early days of psychological (心理学的) research. Its creators, Katharine Briggs and her daughter Isabel, were not trained psychologists. What’s more, the two were unable to scientifically prove their findings. “There is just no evidence behind the MBTI.” said Adam Grant, an American psychologist. If the MBTI is not trustable, then how has this test managed to become so popular? To answer this question, we need to find out what drove Briggs and her daughter to create it in the first place. Briggs was a mother. After reading Carl Jung’s Psychological Types, she decided to create a tool to help parents understand their children’s interests. Her daughter Isabel continued to work on the MBTI in the 1940s and started using it among workers. Some personality tests would separate people into two groups: those who were good and those who were bad. However, Isable thought it was unfair. When creating her test, she wanted everyone to be able to understand that while people may be different from one another, they are all equal. This may be the key to the MBTI’s success: The test never paints a personality hopelessly. The MBTI may not be the best way for measuring if a person is suitable for a position at a company, but this doesn’t mean it’s totally useless. Many people are hungry for self-knowledge. 1．What can we learn about personality tests? A．Over 1.5 million people take personality tests every year. B．Companies use them to know more about workers’ hobbies. C．They started to be used by people as early as the 1940s. D．Some personality tests only separate people into two types. 2．The underlined word “evidence” means ________. A．True facts. B．True supporters. C．Real competitions. D．Real success. 3．“The MBTI just offers that in a nice way” could best be placed at the end of ________. A．Paragraph 1 B．Paragraph 2 C．Paragraph 3 D．Paragraph 4 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To advise people to take the MBTI. B．To tell why Briggs began the MBTI. C．To show the popularity of the MBTI. D．To make people know more about MBTI. Chinese scientists have developed a robotic antelope (羚羊) to watch over wild Tibetan antelopes-a species listed as “near endangered”. The robot, has successfully joined real antelope groups in nature. For many years, Tibetan antelopes were in serious danger. They were hunted for their soft fur, which is used to make expensive shawls (披肩). As a result, their population dropped greatly from one million to 65, 000 in the 1990s.  Thanks to strong protection effort, the number is now rising again. However, it is still difficult for scientists to study them closely. The antelopes live in the Hoh Xil National Nature Reserve (保护区), which is over 4,600 meters above sea level with cold and little oxygen. Also, the antelopes are very sensitive-they run away from humans 500—800 meters away. Traditional tools like telescopes cannot get close enough, and drones often scare the animals. So the robotic antelope was invented to solve these problems. Not long ago, the robot was recently tested near Zonag Lake where female antelopes go every summer to give birth. Unlike human scientists carrying cameras, the robotic antelope had a small hidden camera under its eyes. It looks just like a real antelope, sharing the same fur colour and body shape, so it doesn’t scare the animals. At first, the real antelopes seemed curious about the newcomer. But soon, it was accepted into the group to walk with the real antelopes and recorded videos. The robot uses artificial intelligence (AI), which allows it to “learn” as it moves. During the test, it successfully travelled 2 kilometers across challenging ground, like slopes (斜坡) and muddy wetlands, collecting valuable videos and data. Scientists believe this robotics technology can provide important information to support the protection of Tibetan antelopes, especially during birth and migration seasons, with very little human interference (干扰). 1．What was the population of Tibetan antelopes in the 1990s? A．1,000,000. B．65,000. C．4,600. D．500—800. 2．The word “sensitive” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．casy to be scared or affected B．very friendly to humans C．difficult to see at night D．slow in moving. 3．Why didn’t the robotic antelope scare real antelopes? A．Because it moves very quickly. B．Because it works only at night. C．Because it makes friendly sounds. D．Because it looks like a real antelope. 4．What is the main idea of the text? A．It explains why Tibetan antelopes were in danger. B．It discusses the importance of protecting Tibetan wild antelopes. C．It reports how scientists use a robotic antelope to protect wild antelopes. D．It compares the differences between real antelopes and robotic antelope. Smoke fills the sky. The day is as dark as night. Heat makes it hard to breathe. This is the world of a wildfire fighter! Wildfires are a part of nature. But, as one fireman says, “Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem.” A wildfire can destroy (毁坏) everything in its way. But there are ways to fight it. By air Smokejumpers (空降森林灭火员 ) are often the first firemen to reach a fire.To get closer, they jump from a plane. They are especially important when the area is difficult to walk to. If smokejumpers can’t stop a fire in 24 hours, other firemen join them. This second group drops water on the fire from an airplane. On the land On the ground, firemen work together to stop the fire. First, one group digs a fire line (防火线). This is a long deep ditch (沟). It is difficult for the fire to cross this line. Then, while those firemen dig, others start a backfire (回火). They burn the dry grass and leaves between the wildfire and the fire line. When the wildfire comes, there is nothing for it to use as fuel. Other firemen cut down dead trees. That way the fire can’t move to other trees. Firemen try their best to keep people safe. Their job takes hard work, and it takes courage (勇气). 1．When the fireman says, “Fire is not a problem. People living near fire—that’s the problem,” what does he mean? A．Fire is natural, but it’s dangerous to people living near it. B．Fires in forests are not a big problem, but fires in cities are. C．Fighting fires should be the job of people living near fires. D．Putting out fires in cities is always a problem for firemen. 2．Which of the following is wrong according to the text? A．The firemen dig a fire line to stop the fire crossing the line. B．Smokejumpers are often the last firemen to reach a fire. C．The firemen start a backfire by burning the dry grass and leaves. D．Some firemen cut down dead trees so that the fire can’t move to other trees. 3．What do the underlined words “use as fuel” mean? A．Drop. B．Fire. C．Burn. D．Live. 4．What does the writer want to do? A．Explain why fire is not a problem. B．Show us how fires destroy everything. C．Tell us how firemen fight wildfires. D．Teach us how to be a good fireman. Have you ever seen thousands of small fish moving together like a giant ball? These are sardines (沙丁鱼), and they have a very clever way to stay safe in the ocean. Living in the open sea, sardines are small and weak, so they are often in danger. Many powerful hunters, such as sea lions, sharks and large fish, are always looking for them. When a hungry sea lion comes near, the sardines do not swim away in different directions. If they do that, the sea lion can catch them easily one by one. Instead, these little fish use their “team spirit” to fight back. Suddenly, the sardines swim towards each other very quickly. They form a large, round shape that looks like a big, spinning ball. Scientists call this a “bait ball”. Because the ball is moving and spinning so fast, the sea lion becomes very confused. It looks at the thousands of silver scales and cannot pick just one fish to eat. It is like trying to catch a single leaf in a windstorm! By staying together, most of the sardines escape and stay alive. They are not big or strong, but they are “tactical masters”. This amazing story from the sea teaches us a great lesson. When we work together as a team, we are much stronger than when we are alone. Even the smallest creatures can do great things as long as they help each other! 1．How does the writer lead in the topic? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By listing numbers. D．By using a quote. 2．According to the passage, what would happen if sardines swam away in different directions when a sea lion comes near? A．The sea lion would get confused and leave them alone. B．They would all be safe because the sea lion cannot catch them all. C．The sea lion could easily catch them one by one. D．They would form a bait ball to fight back. 3．Why do sardines form a “bait ball” when sea lions come near? A．To attract more small fish to eat. B．To protect themselves from being caught. C．To play a game with other sea animals. D．To find a new place to live. 4．What is the main lesson the writer wants to teach us? A．Sardines are the most clever fish in the ocean. B．Sea lions are dangerous to small sea creatures. C．Working together as a team makes people stronger. D．Small animals should stay away from large hunters. 四、书面表达 1．主题：Make a Difference with Small Actions 要求：结合Unit8知识点，介绍我们可以做的小事、志愿工作、个人感悟，80‑100词，语句通顺，语法正确。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．请根据下面内容，以“My Favourite Book”为题，写一篇英语短文。提示：1.名称和作者；2.主要人物介绍；3.主要内容；4.个人感想。 要求：1.文中不得出现任何真实信息；2.词数80左右。 My Favourite Book ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。 “汉语桥”活动即将开展，世界各国的青少年们即将来到中国体验中国文化。假如你是林嘉，是此次 “汉语桥”活动的志愿者之一。请你根据以下表格提示，用英文写一篇发言稿，向外国小伙伴们介绍我们中国的一些文化习俗。 Customs and manners Dos Don’ts Arrival time on time or a little earlier; too late; Gifts bring a gift like ... bring a clock or white flowers; ... Dress clean and tidy casual outfits (休闲装） Greeting customs say “nihao” or shake hands… hug or bow Table manners serving chopsticks and spoons (公筷、公勺） stick chopsticks into the food; talk with a full mouth;point at others with chopsticks 写作要求： 1.短文应包括提示内容，条理清晰，行文连贯，可适当发挥； 2.短文中不能出现真实的人名、校名、地名等信息；句型多样化，不能只使用should或shouldn’t。 3.短文不少于80词。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Hello, everyone! Welcome to China! I’m Lin Jia. Now, let me introduce some customs and manners to you in China. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．近期学校开展“自然灾难自救科普”主题英语征文活动，请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文投稿。 提示： 1.你学习过的两种自然灾害（雷电、洪水、台风、地震、火山、沙尘暴任选其二）； 2.分别写出对应的2条自救方法； 3.谈谈你对学习防灾知识的看法。 要求： 1.词数100左右； 2.条理清晰，语句通顺，无明显语法错误； 3.不得出现真实人名、班级、校名。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．你的英国笔友Tom来信询问中国的自然奇观，他想知道你最喜欢的自然奇观是什么，以及你平时是否喜欢去户外感受自然。请你根据来信内容写一封回信。 要求：1.文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，并适当发挥；2.词数90左右，文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.文中不能出现真实校名、人名等信息。 Dear Tom, Thanks for your letter. I’m very glad to tell you about my favorite natural wonder in China. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Li Hua 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $