专题 02 核心语法（期末专项训练）-2025-2026学年英语七年级下册（新教材外研版）

**基本信息** 以“考点精讲+分层训练”构建语法突破体系，覆盖6大核心语法模块，从规则梳理到语境应用实现语言能力与思维品质的递进培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一般过去时|基础4题/提升3题/拓展8空|句式结构+标志词+动词变化规则|从单句填空到语篇综合运用| |不定代词|基础5题/提升3题/拓展5空|范围辨析+主谓一致规则|从词义选择到语篇语境适配| |系动词|基础5题/提升4题/拓展5空|分类用法+句式特点|从单句判断到语篇填空| |祈使句|基础4题/提升3题/拓展5空|基本结构+否定转换|从结构识别到情景表达| |比较级&最高级|基础4题/提升3题/拓展5空|变化规则+句式结构|从词形变化到语境辨析| |as…as句型|基础4题/提升2题/拓展5空|肯定/否定结构|从结构应用到同义转换|

专题 02 核心语法期末专项复习 （考点精讲&分层训练） 复习目标 夯实语法根基：熟记本册六个单元全部核心语法规则，理清句式结构、用法区别与常用标志词，夯实语法基础。 基础题型运用：能在单句中精准运用语法知识，完成单选、词形填空、句型改写等基础题型。 语境灵活辨析：结合语境、时态与句式，灵活辨析语法用法，提升句式转换、情景运用能力。 篇章综合训练：综合运用多个语法点完成语篇填空，适配期末考试真题题型，培养篇章语法理解能力。 考点精讲+分层训练 考点一、 一般过去时 【语法精讲】 规则 1 基本含义与句式 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，谓语动词使用过去式。 1. 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 例：He lived in a small house years ago. 2. 否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 例：They didn't have enough food. 3. 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例：Did you read the story yesterday? 规则 2 常用时间标志词 yesterday, last week/night/year, ... ago, in + 过去年份 等。 规则 3 动词过去式变化 1. 规则变化：一般加 - ed；以不发音 e 结尾加 - d；辅音 + y 变 y 为 i 再加 - ed；重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed。 2. 不规则变化：特殊记忆（go-went, make-made, be-was/were 等） 【分层训练】 基础题 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I ______ (put) down the storybook yesterday. 2. She ______ (be) very happy last night. 3. They ______ (not watch) TV last weekend. 4. ______ you ______ (enjoy) the food just now? 二、单项选择 ( ) 5. My father ______ to Beijing last month. A. go B. goes C. went ( ) 6. — Did they play games? — ______. A. Yes, they do B. Yes, they did C. No, they don't 提升题 一、按要求改写句子 1. Charlie lived in a small house.（改为否定句） Charlie ______ ______ in a small house. 2. They were happy together.（改为一般疑问句并作答） — ______ they happy together? — Yes, ______ ______. 二、语法填空 Last Sunday, I ______ (visit) my grandparents. They ______ (live) in a village before. We ______ (talk) a lot and ______ (eat) nice food. I ______ (have) a great time that day. 拓展题 阅读短文，用括号内动词的适当形式填空（一般过去时综合运用） I ______ (read) a book about Charlie last week. Charlie ______ (be) poor, but his family ______ (have) lots of love. Every night, they ______ (sit) together and ______ (listen) to stories. They ______ (not care) about hard life. The story ______ (touch) me deeply. I ______ (learn) that love is the key to happiness. 考点二、 不定代词（both /either/neither /all/none） 【语法精讲】 规则 1 词义与使用范围 1. both：两者都（范围：两者） 例：Both girls like sports. 2. either：（两者中的）任意一个（范围：两者，表单选） 例：Either answer is right. 3. neither：两者都不（范围：两者，否定） 例：Neither of them wants to stop. 4. all：全部（范围：三者及以上，肯定） 例：All students cheered for him. 5. none：三者及以上都不（范围：三者及以上，否定） 例：None of us gave up. 规则 2 主谓一致 both/all 作主语，谓语动词常用复数； either/neither/none 作主语，谓语动词常用单数。 【分层训练】 基础题 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My parents are ______ doctors. They both work hard. A. both B. all C. neither ( ) 2. There are two pens. You can take ______ of them. A. neither B. either C. none ( ) 3. ______ of the three boys likes swimming. They hate it. A. All B. None C. Both 二、选用 both /either/neither /all/none 填空 4. I have two sisters. ______ of us like playing ball games. 5. — Would you like tea or coffee? — ______, thanks. I don't want any drink. 提升题 一、同义句改写 1. Neither of the two plans is good.（改为同义句） The two plans are ______ good. 2. All of the students finished the task.（改为否定句） ______ ______ the students finished the task. 二、根据提示完成句子 3. 他们俩都没有放弃比赛。 ______ ______ them gave up the match. 拓展题 用 both, either, neither, all, none 完成短文 There are five players in our team. 1.______ of us love sports. Yesterday we had a match. There were two teams. 2.______ sides played well. At first, 3.______ team wanted to lose. Finally, our team won. 4.______ of us felt sad. 5.______ of the two players on the other team wanted to stop playing. They will practise again tomorrow. 考点三、系动词 【语法精讲】 规则 1 分类与用法 系动词后接形容词作表语，不能接副词。 1. be 动词：am /is/are /was/were（基础系动词） 例：The soup is delicious. 2. 感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel（摸 / 闻 / 尝 / 听 / 看起来） 例：The porridge tastes sweet. 3. 变化 / 状态系动词：become, get, remain（变得；保持） 例：The weather gets cold. The room remains clean. 规则 2 句式特点 否定、疑问借助助动词 do/does/did（be 动词除外）。 例：The food doesn't smell good. 【分层训练】 基础题 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. The dumplings ______ good. I want to eat more. A. taste B. tastees C. tasting ( ) 2. The flower ______ beautiful. A. looks B. looks at C. look ( ) 3. The milk ______ bad. Don't drink it. A. smell B. smells C. smelling 二、用适当系动词填空（look/taste/smell/feel/become） 4. The silk ______ soft. 5. Days ______ short in winter. 提升题 一、按要求改写句子 1. The porridge tastes great.（改为一般疑问句） ______ the porridge ______ great? 2. The food smells nice.（改为否定句） The food ______ ______ nice. 二、改错（每句一处错误） 3. The cake tastes well. ________ 4. The music sounds beautifully. ________ 拓展题 选用 look, taste, smell, feel, become 并用正确形式填空 All kinds of food 1.______ nice on the table. The fruit 2.______ sweet. The soup 3.______ hot. When you touch the bread, it 4.______ soft. In winter, food easily 5.______ bad. We must eat fresh food to keep healthy. 考点四、 祈使句 【语法精讲】 规则 1 基本结构 1. 肯定祈使句：动词原形开头，表请求、劝告、命令。 例：Have fun every day. 2. 否定祈使句：Don't + 动词原形 开头。 例：Don't waste time. 规则 2 补充用法 可加 please 表委婉语气；无主语（默认主语为 you）。 例：Please sit down. / Don't run in the hall. 【分层训练】 基础题 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ careful when you cross the road. A. Be B. Are C. Is ( ) 2. ______ play games for too long. It's bad for you. A. Not B. Don't C. Doesn't 二、改为否定句 3. Listen to the teacher carefully. ______ ______ to the teacher carefully. 4. Enjoy your free time. ______ ______ your free time. 提升题 一、同义句转换 1. You can't miss the wonderful show.（改为祈使句） ______ ______ the wonderful show. 二、根据中文写祈使句 2. 不要沉迷手机。 ______ ______ crazy about phones. 3. 多和家人相处。 ______ more time with your family. 拓展题 用所给动词的正确形式（原形 / Don't + 原形）填空 Here is some advice for you. 1.______ (take) exercise every day. 2.______ (play) too many games. 3.______ (enjoy) your life, but keep a balanced lifestyle. 4.______ (forget) your family. 5.______ (talk) with them often. 考点五、形容词、副词比较级 & 最高级 【语法精讲】 规则 1 比较级（两者比较） 结构：A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B 含义：A 比 B 更…… 例：The plateau is quieter than cities. 规则 2 最高级（三者及以上比较） 结构：主语 + be / 实义动词 + the + 最高级 + 范围 (in/of...) 含义：…… 中最…… 例：Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 规则 3 变化规则 1. 单音节词：一般加 - er/-est；e 结尾加 - r/-st；重读闭音节双写尾字母；辅音 + y 变 y 为 i 再加 - er/-est。 2. 多音节词 / 部分双音节词：前加 more /most。 3. 不规则变化：good/well → better → best；bad → worse → worst。 【分层训练】 基础题 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. This river is ______ (long) than that one. 2. Mount Taishan is ______ (high) hill here. 二、单项选择 ( ) 3. She sings ______ than me. A. good B. better C. best ( ) 4. This is the ______ beautiful park in our city. A. more B. most C. much 提升题 一、同义句改写 1. Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.（改为最高级） Tom is ______ ______ boy in his class. 二、根据汉语完成句子 2. 黄河没有长江长。 The Yellow River is ______ ______ the Yangtze River. 3. 这是我见过最美的自然景观。 This is ______ ______ natural wonder I have ever seen. 拓展题 用括号内形容词 / 副词的正确形式填空 Nature is amazing. The lake is 1.______ (calm) than the river. The grassland is one of the 2.______ (beautiful) places. Among all mountains, Qomolangma is the 3.______ (tall). Its scenery is 4.______ (wonderful) than many other places. We must protect the 5.______ (precious) nature on Earth. 考点六、同级比较 as…as 句型 【语法精讲】 规则 1 肯定结构 as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 含义：和…… 一样 例：Cooking is as fun as eating. 规则 2 否定结构 not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as 含义：不如…… 例：This book is not as interesting as that one. 规则 3 补充说明 两个 as 中间必须使用原级，不可用比较级 / 最高级。 【分层训练】 基础题 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. My room is ______ big ______ yours. We have the same size. A. as; as B. so; as C. more; than ( ) 2. He runs ______ fast as his brother. A. not B. as C. more 二、用原级完成句子 3. This story is ______ (有趣) as that one. 4. She is not ______ (开心) before. 提升题 同义句改写 1. This picture is more beautiful than that one.（用 as…as 改写否定句） That picture ______ ______ ______ ______ this one. 2. Tom runs faster than Jack.（同义转换） Jack ______ run ______ fast ______ Tom. 拓展题 用 as…as 结构结合提示词填空 Travelling is great. The waterfall is 1.______ (grand) ______ a painting. The museum is 2.______ (cold) ______ an ice house in winter. The local food is 3.______ (delicious) ______ people say. But the traffic here is 4.______ (busy) ______ that in big cities. It's quieter. I think this trip is 5.______ (wonderful) ______ my last trip. 综合训练 一、综合单选题 ( ) 1. — Where did you go yesterday? — I ______ to the mountain with my friends. A. go B. went C. will go ( ) 2. There are two books on the desk. You can take ______ of them. I don’t need both. A. either B. neither C. none ( ) 3. The cake ______ so sweet. I want to have another piece. A. tastes B. taste C. tasting ( ) 4. ______ talk loudly in the museum. It’s not polite. A. Not B. Don’t C. Doesn’t ( ) 5. Qomolangma is ______ mountain in the world. A. high B. higher C. the highest ( ) 6. This story is not ______ interesting ______ that one. A. as; as B. more; than C. so; than ( ) 7. ______ of the five students likes playing sports. They all hate it. A. All B. None C. Both ( ) 8. My brother runs ______ than me, but my sister runs ______ of us three. A. fast; fast B. faster; fastest C. fastest; faster ( ) 9. — ______ you ______ a good time last weekend? — Yes, I did. A. Do; have B. Did; have C. Did; had ( ) 10. Both of the dresses look nice, but I like ______. I don’t want the two. A. neither B. either C. all 二、用所给动词 / 词的适当形式填空（10 题，满分 20 分） 1. The soup ______ (smell) delicious now. 2. ______ (be) quiet, please. Don’t make noise. 3. I ______ (visit) Sanxingdui Museum last year. It was amazing. 4. This park is ______ (beautiful) than that one. 5. My mother ______ (not like) spicy food when she was young. 6. This river is not as long ______ (the Yangtze River).（补全同级比较） 7. Listen! The music ______ (sound) wonderful. 8. ______ (not play) mobile phones for a long time. It’s bad for your eyes. 9. Among all the fruits, apples are the ______ (popular) here. 10. All of us ______ (enjoy) our trip yesterday. 三、句型改写 / 转换（10 题，满分 30 分） 1. Charlie lived in a small house.（改为一般疑问句，一般过去时） 2. Both of the two girls like dancing.（改为否定句，不定代词） 3. The flowers look very beautiful.（改为否定句，系动词） 4. Open the window.（改为否定祈使句） 5. The Yellow River is shorter than the Yangtze River.（改为同义句，as…as 同级比较） The Yangtze River ______ ______ ______ ______ the Yellow River. 6. This book is the cheapest in our shop.（改为比较级句式） This book is ______ ______ any other book in our shop. 7. They had great fun last Sunday.（改为否定句，一般过去时） 8. Either of the answers is right.（改为同义句，不定代词） ______ answer ______ right. 9. The little boy runs fast. His brother runs faster.（合并为一句，比较级） The little boy runs ______ ______ his brother. 10. You can’t run in the classroom.（改为祈使句） 四、综合短文语法填空 Travel and nature are wonderful. Last year, I 1.______ (go) to Sichuan. It 2.______ (be) a nice place. The hot pot 3.______ (taste) spicy. It was not 4.______ hot ______ fire, but it was delicious. There 5.______ (be) two famous museums here. 6.______ (both/All) of them are great. The second museum is 7.______ (popular) than the first one. It is the 8.______ (good) museum in the city. 9.______ (enjoy) your trip and don't 10.______ (waste) time on boring things. Love nature, and you will get happiness. 参考答案 1 / 14zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 分层训练 考点一、一般过去时 基础题 一、词形填空 1. put 2. was 3. didn't watch 4. Did; enjoy 二、单项选择 5. C 6. B 提升题 一、句型改写 1. didn't live 2. Were; they were 二、语法填空 visited; lived; talked; ate; had 拓展短文填空 read; was; had; sat; listened; didn't care; touched; learned 考点二、不定代词（both /either/neither /all/none） 基础题 一、单选 1. A 2. B 3. B 二、选词填空 4. Both 5. Neither 提升题 一、同义改写 1. neither 2. None of 二、完成句子 3. Neither of 拓展短文填空 1. All 2. Both 3. Neither 4. None 5. Neither 考点三、系动词 基础题 一、单选 1. A 2. A 3. B 二、动词填空 4. feels 5. get 提升题 一、句型转换 1. Does; taste 2. doesn't smell 二、改错 3. well→good 4. beautifully→beautiful 拓展短文填空 1. look 2. tastes 3. smells 4. feels 5. becomes 考点四、祈使句 基础题 一、单选 1. A 2. B 二、改否定句 3. Don't listen 4. Don't enjoy 提升题 一、同义转换 1. Don't miss 二、汉译祈使句 2. Don't be 3. Spend 拓展填空 1. Take 2. Don't play 3. Enjoy 4. Don't forget 5. Talk 考点五、形容词、副词比较级 & 最高级 基础题 一、词形填空 1. longer 2. the highest 二、单选 3. B 4. B 提升题 一、同义改写 1. the tallest 二、完成句子 2. shorter than 3. the most beautiful 拓展短文填空 1. calmer 2. most beautiful 3. tallest 4. more wonderful 5. most precious 考点六、同级比较 as…as 句型 基础题 一、单选 1. A 2. B 二、完成句子 3. as interesting 4. as happy as 提升题 同义改写 1. is not as beautiful as 2. doesn't; as; as 拓展短文填空 1. as grand as 2. as cold as 3. as delicious as 4. as busy as 5. as wonderful as 综合训练参考答案 一、综合单选题 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.A 二、词形填空 1. smells 2. Be 3. visited 4. more beautiful 5. didn't like 6. as 7. sounds 8. Don't play 9. most popular 10. enjoyed 三、句型改写 1. Did Charlie live in a small house? 2. Neither of the two girls likes dancing. 3. The flowers don't look very beautiful. 4. Don't open the window. 5. is as long as 6. cheaper than 7. They didn't have great fun last Sunday. 8. Either; is 9. slower than 10. Don't run in the classroom. 四、综合短文语法填空 1. went 2. was 3. tastes 4. as; as 5. are 6. Both 7. more popular 8. best 9. Enjoy 10. waste $