衔接点12 一般过去时（讲义，全国通用）英语小升初衔接

衔接点12 一般过去时（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1.一般过去时的基本用法 2.一般过去时动词变化 3.一般过去时三大句型结构（陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句） 1. 一般过去时的定义 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 4. 一般过去时的用法 衔接引导 小学阶段： 小学阶段主要侧重认识一般过去时，学生依靠 yesterday、last week、…ago 等明显时间标志词判断时态，只掌握基础规则动词与简单不规则动词变形，考点浅显固定。 常见题型为： ①用所给单词的正确形式填空 ②选词填空（区分原形与过去式） ③单项选择题 ④根据提示写单词、连词成句 初中阶段： 初中阶段要求全面掌握一般过去时用法，除过去时间动作外，可无标志词依靠上下文故事语境判断；拓展大量不规则动词，常与现在完成时对比辨析，考题综合性强、出题灵活多变。 主要的题型为： ①用所给单词的适当形式填空 ②选择合适的词，用其正确的形式填空 ③句型转换（肯定、否定、一般疑问句互换） ④句子改错题 ⑤短文填空和完形填空 ⑥书面表达（记叙过去事件） 小学现在进行时考点梳理 一、核心定义（小学必背） 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动作已经结束，和现在没有关联。 关键词：事情做完了、发生在昨天 / 上周 / 去年等过去时间。 标志性时间状语（单选、完形高频考点） 昨天类：yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 前天：the day before yesterday 上周类：last week /last Monday /last month /last year … 之前：three days ago, two weeks ago, a moment ago（刚才） 过去特定日子：in 2020, on Sunday（过去的周日） 做题技巧：看到以上词，句子一律用过去式。 二、动词变化规则（重中之重，默写必考） （一）规则动词变过去式 ①一般直接 + ed work → worked play → played clean → cleaned ②以不发音 e 结尾，只 + d live → lived like → liked close → closed ③辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 ed study → studied carry → carried ④元音 + y 直接加 ed：play→played ⑤重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾）：双写末尾辅音 + ed stop → stopped shop → shopped plan → planned （二）不规则动词（小学核心必考清单，无规律，必须背诵） am/is → was are → were go → went see → saw say → said do → did does → did eat → ate drink → drank get → got forget → forgot buy → bought bring → brought take → took make → made run → ran swim → swam write → wrote read → read（读音变 /red/） fly → flew draw → drew ed 三种发音（辨音小题考点） /t/：清辅音结尾 work ed /wɜːkt/，stopped /d/：浊辅音 / 元音结尾 played /pleɪd/，lived /ɪd/：t /d 结尾 wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/，needed 三、三大句型结构（句型转换必考：肯定 / 否定 / 一般疑问 / 特殊疑问） 结构 1：含 be 动词（was/were） 主语 + was /were I / He / She / 单数名词 → was You / We / They / 复数名词 → were 肯定句：She was at home yesterday. 否定句：was/were + not = wasn’t /weren’t She wasn’t at home yesterday. 一般疑问句：Was/Were 提前 Was she at home yesterday? 简答：Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语… Where was she yesterday? 结构 2：实义动词（有动作：play/do/go/eat） 核心助动词：did（所有人称过去统一用 did，后面动词变回原形） 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 I played football last Sunday. 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t play football last Sunday. 易错坑：不能写 didn’t played！did 后面必须原形 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 Did you play football last Sunday? 简答：Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + Did + 主语 + 动词原形 What did you do last Sunday? 典例示范 1．Our school basketball team ________ others and _________ the first prize last week. A．beat; win B．beats; wins C．beat; won D．beated; won 2．—What ________ you do last weekend? —I ________ camping with my family. A．do; go B．does; goes C．did; go D．did; went 3．She always ______ a book before going to bed when she was a student. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 4．The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 5．Last summer, Vicky ________ in a distant village, teaching the children English. A．stays B．is staying C．stayed D．will stay 即学即练习 1．My father ________ me a new bicycle on my birthday last month. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．is giving 2．She ________ to the park every Sunday and she ________ there last Sunday. A．goes; goes B．went; goes C．goes; went D．went; went 3．The team was unhappy because they _______ the final match yesterday. A．beat B．won C．lost D．failed 4．Lily ________ her shoes, but she didn’t ________ them. A．looked for; find B．found; look for C．looked; found out D．found out; looked for 5．The mountain climbers ________ the summit after three days of hard climbing. A．arrived B．reached C．got D．left 6．In the past, most people ________ to work by bicycle. A．go B．went C．goes D．are going 7．The Smiths ________ on a family trip to Scotland last summer holiday. A．go B．went C．goes D．will go 8．I ________ this website yesterday and learnt a lot about London. A．visit B．visited C．have visited D．will visit 9．—When ________ you ________ your first bike? —At the age of six, my father bought it for me. A．do; get B．did; get C．will; get D．have; got 10．—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he? —________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital. A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t 解题方略 步骤 1：找标志词，锁定一般过去时 看到这些单词直接判定时态：yesterday、last…、…ago、just now、then 无标志词但句子讲昨天、上周发生的事，也用一般过去时。 步骤 2：区分 be 动词句子 / 实义动词句子 描述人 / 事物状态、没有动作：用 was/were，匹配主语单复数； 有跑、吃、看、玩等动作：动词变为过去式。 步骤 3：填空变形规则 肯定陈述句：动词变过去式（区分规则、不规则）； 否定句、一般疑问句：加 didn’t / Did，后面动词变回原形。 步骤 4：句式转换固定方法 实义动词句 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 be 动词句 否定：主语 + was/were not 疑问：Was / Were 放句首 步骤 5：三步检查避坑 看见 did，后面一定是动词原形； 核对 was/were 和主语是否匹配； 通读句子，确认是过去发生的事，动词形式无误。 【基础通关】 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．I ________ (see) a great film with my cousin last Saturday. 2．Yesterday I ________ (fall) off the tree and hurt my leg. 3．Last year, I ________ (meet) a pen pal from the UK. We are very different but good friends. 4．There ________ (be) no computer in my school 10 years ago. 5．She ________ (wear) a raincoat yesterday. 6．The movie about animals ________ (make) me very happy yesterday. 7．Everyone ________ (be) excited when they heard the good news about the school trip. 8．He ________ (throw) away all the old newspapers yesterday. 9．He ________ (break) the window yesterday and felt sorry for it. 10．Tu Youyou ________ (discover) artemisinin, which saved many lives. 二、单项选择 11．We ________ old bottles into flower pots last weekend. A．recycle B．recycled C．recycling D．recycles 12．He ________ a low score last month. A．get B．gets C．got D．getting 13．The teacher smiled and ________ the students a question. A．ask B．asks C．asked D．asking 14．My father _________ to Paris on business in 2024, and he took a lot of photos of the local attractions. A．go B．went C．has gone D．has been 15．—What ________ you do in the library yesterday? —I ________ a report with my classmates. A．do; write B．did; write C．do; wrote D．did; wrote 16．She ________ the piano when she was only four years old. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 17．Isaac Newton ________ the laws of motion and gravity. A．discover B．discovers C．discovered D．discovering 18．—Did you hear about the fire down the street? —There ________ a lot of news about it on TV last night. A．was B．had C．is D．were 19．—When ________ you ________ this book? —I bought it yesterday. A．did; buy B．do; buy C．did; bought D．do; bought 20．When I was young, I _______ be afraid of dogs, but now I _______ playing with them. A．am used to; used to B．use to; am used to C．was used to; use to D．used to; am used to 三、完形填空 Weather is important in our life. It affects (影响) our activities, our moods and even our health. Last summer, there was a heatwave in the UK. The temperature 21 a new record. It was 22 hot that fires broke out in some places. Trains had to 23 down. Some schools closed, and students stayed at home to keep 24 . Zoos tried their best to 25 animals. They gave iced food to bears, monkeys and other animals. Weather changes 26 the years. People cut down forests and use cars every day. These 27 make the weather worse. Now more and more people know it is 28 to protect the environment. In spring, we can plant trees and fly kites. In summer, we can go swimming. In autumn, we have picnics. In winter, we make snowmen. We should love nature and enjoy 29 season. When we take care of the earth, the 30 will be better for us. 21．A．saw B．reached C．got D．went 22．A．so B．too C．very D．quite 23．A．run B．walk C．slow D．jump 24．A．warm B．cool C．hot D．cold 25．A．kill B．protect C．catch D．feed 26．A．in B．for C．over D．on 27．A．things B．activities C．lives D．games 28．A．important B．interesting C．boring D．dangerous 29．A．every B．all C．both D．either 30．A．season B．temperature C．weather D．life 【培优提升】 四、选词填空 阅读短文。选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺意思完整，每空限填一个词，每词限用一次。 much;     farmer;     slow;     different;     go;     are;     rain;     hard;     out;     we Many people do not like to stay at home on holidays. They want to go out to see something 31 or do something exciting. So people from the country go to the city and people from the city go to the country for holidays. During the holidays, trains, buses and planes are all very busy. It is very 32 to buy train tickets or air tickets. Many people take cars or buses for travelling (旅行). Last May Day my family 33 to the country by car for our holidays. There was too 34 traffic on the road, so we had to move 35 . It took us about an hour to get out of the town. After some time, we came to a 36 . It was clean and beautiful. The animals 37 very lovely. It was a nice place for a picnic, so we take the food, fruit and drinks 38 of the car. We sat down and began to eat. Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to 39 . We decided to (决定) run back to 40 car and have our picnic in the car. Then we drove back home. What a sad holiday! 五、短文填空 请根据课本P22d的内容，用适当的词完成下面的短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、语义相待的单词。 Helen and Rick are classmates. They haven’t seen each other for a 41 time. One day Helen met Rick in front of the school. They talked about what they did last 42 . Helen told Rick she went on a trip. She went to Guizhou with her parents and they 43 a good time there. Guizhou is 44 interesting place. They went to see Huangguoshu Waterfall 45 it was so wonderful. They 46 took a lot of beautiful photos. What a great 47 it was! Rick didn’t do anything special last month. He just 48 at home and read some books. It was relaxing 49 him. Both of them thought they enjoyed 50 a lot. 请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。 Where did you go on vacation last winter? I went to Hubei 51 my family during the last winter holidays. We visited some places of interest and tasted some delicious food. The Yellow Crane Tower (黄鹤楼) is well-known. On the tower，I enjoyed the beautiful view (景色) of the city. I was so excited that I took quite a 52 photos and short videos.The most unforgettable thing 53 the visit to the Hubei Provincial Museum. It was exciting to find the Sword of Goujian (越王勾践剑) could cut over 20 pieces of paper when it was found. In Wuhan,I tried hot dry noodles. The noodles tasted just like Shanxi noodles with soybean paste. But I didn't like the taste 54 it was a little sour (酸). During the trip, I got to know a lot about the local culture 55 the food there. Trips make our life more enjoyable. Do you think so? 初中现在进行时的考点梳理 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i，再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned 4. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 典例示范 1．________ you learn ________ when you were in the countryside? A．Did; something useful B．Did; anything useful C．Did; useful anything D．Did; useful something 2．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ my grandparents with my parents. A．visit B．visited C．am visiting D．will visit 3．He ________ to the park yesterday. He ________ there every Sunday. A．goes; goes B．went; went C．goes; went D．went; goes 4．Last weekend, I ________ a book in the morning, then ________ housework. A．read, did B．read, do C．readed, do D．read, does 5．—When __________ a party? —Yesterday afternoon. A．had you B．do you have C．did you have D．did you had 即学即练习 1．—“__________ Tom visit his uncle yesterday afternoon?” — “No, he __________.” A．Did；did B．Did；didn’t C．Does；doesn’t D．Do；don’t 2．It ________ sunny today. It ________ rainy yesterday. A．is; was B．was; is C．are; were D．were; are 3．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ to the forest and picked some flowers. A．go B．went C．am going D．will go 4．They ________ football every Friday. They ________ football last Friday too. A．play; played B．played; play C．play; play D．plays; played 5．She ________ quickly when she saw the snake. A．run B．runs C．ran D．is running 6．We ________ many interesting stories last term. A．read B．reads C．readed D．are reading 7．I usually ________ to school on foot, but I ________ by bike yesterday. A．go; go B．went; went C．go; went D．went; go 8．The birds ________ south every winter. They ________ south last winter. A．fly; flew B．flew; fly C．flies; flew D．fly; fly 9．They ________ many interesting things in the museum yesterday. A．see B．sees C．saw D．are seeing 10．Yesterday I ________ to take my camera. A．forget B．forgets C．forgot D．am forgetting 解题方略 步骤 1：判定是否使用一般过去时 1.显性线索：yesterday、last…、…ago、just now、then、in + 过去年份 2.隐性线索：记叙文讲故事、过去一次性动作、有明确终止的过去事件； 3.排除法：句中有 for/since、already/yet 且无具体过去时间→不用一般过去时。 步骤 2：区分 be 动词 / 实义动词 1.句中无动作动词，描述状态→用 was/were，匹配主语单复数； 2.有动作动词→动词变过去式；变疑问 / 否定统一借助 did，动词还原原形。 步骤 3：正确变换动词形式 1.规则动词对照四条变形规则书写； 2.不规则动词固定背诵，单独区分过去式、过去分词两种形式。 步骤 4：句式转换固定模板 1.实义动词 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 2.be 动词 否定：was/were + not 疑问：Was/Were 提到句首 步骤 5：避坑核查四步 1.看见 did/didn’t，立刻检查后面动词是否为原形； 2.出现明确过去时间状语，杜绝 have/has done； 3.核对 was/were 和主语匹配； 4.通读整句，确认动作发生在过去、语义通顺。 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．He ________ to camp with his sister last Sunday. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 2．—Where ________ you yesterday? —I stayed at home. A．are B．were C．do D．did 3．They ________ in the forest for hours. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．are walking 4．I ________ a nice kite in the park yesterday afternoon. A．fly B．flew C．flies D．will fly 5．The little boy ________ happy now. He ________ sad just now. A．is; was B．was; is C．are; were D．were; are 6．They ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 7．My mother ________ shopping every weekend. She ________ shopping last weekend. A．go; went B．goes; went C．goes; go D．went; goes 8．We ________ along the river yesterday. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．are walking 9．We ________ many photos in the park yesterday. A．take B．takes C．took D．are taking 10．She ________ her bag on the bus. A．forget B．forgets C．forgot D．is forgetting 二、补全对话 A: You’re back, Li Hua. 11 B: It was interesting. I visited Beidaihe—a beautiful place by the sea. A: Sounds nice! 12 B: Yes. And my grandpa went there with us. We all enjoyed the trip. 13 Look! This is for you. A: Oh, thank you! It’s so kind of you! B: 14 A: No. I just stayed at home. B: 15 A: Of course not. I read books and fed dogs. It was interesting. A．Did you go there by car? B．How was your vacation? C．Didn’t you feel bored? D．Did you go anywhere special, Zhang Nan? E．I bought many gifts for my friends. F．It must be relaxing to stay at home all day. G．Did you go there with your parents? 三、完形填空 Dad wanted to take us for a trip. We 16 to go to Greece. It is over 7, 000 kilometers from India to Greece. The idea of traveling so far for the first time 17 my sister and me excited. It took 18 about ten hours to get to Athens. We felt a little tired. After 19 for some time, my sister and I went out for the evening sightseeing tour (观光旅游). My parents didn’t seem to like it, 20 they stayed at the hotel. On the first day, we went to the Acropolis of Athens, the symbol 21 the city of Athens. We started to climb it at 9:00 a. m. At 10:30 a. m., we got to the 22 . The view from the Acropolis was 23 . We took some photos. For dinner, we had a special kind of dumplings. The 24 day was sunny and hot. We went to the beach. We 25 the sunshine and swam in the sea. On the third day, we went to visit a museum. 16．A．worried B．followed C．decided D．forgot 17．A．made B．waited C．stopped D．remembered 18．A．them B．us C．her D．him 19．A．drinking B．studying C．working D．relaxing 20．A．if B．because C．so D．but 21．A．from B．of C．with D．about 22．A．station B．farm C．office D．top 23．A．wonderful B．bad C．cheap D．terrible 24．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 25．A．spent B．tried C．showed D．enjoyed 【培优提升】 一、完形填空 Last summer, I went to Yunnan Province on vacation with my family. We 1 four days there. Our first stop was Lugu Lake. I wonder why there was so beautiful a lake in the world. I enjoyed 2 there. We went boating and took quite a few photos. Then we went up to a hill. On the top of the 3 , we saw something beautiful. I felt like I was in a painting. I thought I would 4 forget the beautiful scenery (风景) there. The next morning, we went to Lijiang by bus and 5 in the afternoon. After a short break (休息), we walked around the town and bought some 6 for our friends. Then we had the famous (著名的) Guoqiao Rice Noodles for dinner. They were delicious. After dinner, we took a walk and enjoyed the old streets and buildings 7 the moon. The summer evening was cool. Our third stop was the Spring City, Kunming. We visited Dianchi, watched the birds and went to the flower market. We had a really 8 day. The four-day trip came to a(n) 9 soon. We had to go home. Everything in Yunnan was great. It is a very beautiful and interesting place. Why not visit it? I’m 10 you’ll never regret (后悔) going on a trip there. 1．A．found B．spent C．took D．kept 2．A．staying B．living C．missing D．studying 3．A．photo B．lake C．hill D．painting 4．A．always B．sometimes C．never D．usually 5．A．forgot B．waited C．stopped D．arrived 6．A．pigs B．hens C．gifts D．books 7．A．by B．under C．from D．near 8．A．hot B．boring C．wonderful D．terrible 9．A．place B．end C．idea D．visit 10．A．sure B．afraid C．worried D．excited 二、选词填空 teacher   with   the   so   wait   late   get   something   know   student   else   happy We had a trip to the science museum with our teachers last Friday. It was great fun. All the seventh graders joined in 11 trip. There were seven big buses 12 for us in front of our school gate. First of all, our 13 told us a lot about safety. After that, we 14 on the buses one by one. Everyone felt 15 excited that we talked and laughed all the way. Two hours 16 , we arrived there. It was 10:00 a. m. In the museum, 17 the help of the teachers and the guides, we 18 a lot about science. It was very interesting. We also bought 19 special in the gift shop. At 5:00 p. m., we finished the trip. All of us went back home 20 . What a nice trip we had! 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I spent my summer vacation 21 my parents last year. We 22 (climb) the mountain. It was a little cold on the mountain. 23 (lucky), we took our clothes with us. We had lunch on the top of the mountain. When we finished 24 (eat) food, it was two o’clock. At that time, we found a small animal in the tree, 25 we didn’t know its name. My parents were 26 (interest) in it. When going down the mountain, we relaxed and 27 (feel) very happy. We had a party at bottom of the mountain. My parents made a fire 28 (keep) us warm. I played 29 guitar, and then we danced and took a lot of 30 (photo). We really had so much fun there. We hope we can go there again one day. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $衔接点12 一般过去时（小初考点差异及衔接） 小学视角 初中展望 1.一般过去时的基本用法 2.一般过去时动词变化 3.一般过去时三大句型结构（陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句） 1. 一般过去时的定义 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 4. 一般过去时的用法 衔接引导 小学阶段： 小学阶段主要侧重认识一般过去时，学生依靠 yesterday、last week、…ago 等明显时间标志词判断时态，只掌握基础规则动词与简单不规则动词变形，考点浅显固定。 常见题型为： ①用所给单词的正确形式填空 ②选词填空（区分原形与过去式） ③单项选择题 ④根据提示写单词、连词成句 初中阶段： 初中阶段要求全面掌握一般过去时用法，除过去时间动作外，可无标志词依靠上下文故事语境判断；拓展大量不规则动词，常与现在完成时对比辨析，考题综合性强、出题灵活多变。 主要的题型为： ①用所给单词的适当形式填空 ②选择合适的词，用其正确的形式填空 ③句型转换（肯定、否定、一般疑问句互换） ④句子改错题 ⑤短文填空和完形填空 ⑥书面表达（记叙过去事件） 小学现在进行时考点梳理 一、核心定义（小学必背） 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，动作已经结束，和现在没有关联。 关键词：事情做完了、发生在昨天 / 上周 / 去年等过去时间。 标志性时间状语（单选、完形高频考点） 昨天类：yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening 前天：the day before yesterday 上周类：last week /last Monday /last month /last year … 之前：three days ago, two weeks ago, a moment ago（刚才） 过去特定日子：in 2020, on Sunday（过去的周日） 做题技巧：看到以上词，句子一律用过去式。 二、动词变化规则（重中之重，默写必考） （一）规则动词变过去式 ①一般直接 + ed work → worked play → played clean → cleaned ②以不发音 e 结尾，只 + d live → lived like → liked close → closed ③辅音 + y 结尾：变 y 为 i，再加 ed study → studied carry → carried ④元音 + y 直接加 ed：play→played ⑤重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾）：双写末尾辅音 + ed stop → stopped shop → shopped plan → planned （二）不规则动词（小学核心必考清单，无规律，必须背诵） am/is → was are → were go → went see → saw say → said do → did does → did eat → ate drink → drank get → got forget → forgot buy → bought bring → brought take → took make → made run → ran swim → swam write → wrote read → read（读音变 /red/） fly → flew draw → drew ed 三种发音（辨音小题考点） /t/：清辅音结尾 work ed /wɜːkt/，stopped /d/：浊辅音 / 元音结尾 played /pleɪd/，lived /ɪd/：t /d 结尾 wanted /ˈwɒntɪd/，needed 三、三大句型结构（句型转换必考：肯定 / 否定 / 一般疑问 / 特殊疑问） 结构 1：含 be 动词（was/were） 主语 + was /were I / He / She / 单数名词 → was You / We / They / 复数名词 → were 肯定句：She was at home yesterday. 否定句：was/were + not = wasn’t /weren’t She wasn’t at home yesterday. 一般疑问句：Was/Were 提前 Was she at home yesterday? 简答：Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + Was/Were + 主语… Where was she yesterday? 结构 2：实义动词（有动作：play/do/go/eat） 核心助动词：did（所有人称过去统一用 did，后面动词变回原形） 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 I played football last Sunday. 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 I didn’t play football last Sunday. 易错坑：不能写 didn’t played！did 后面必须原形 一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 Did you play football last Sunday? 简答：Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + Did + 主语 + 动词原形 What did you do last Sunday? 典例示范 1．Our school basketball team ________ others and _________ the first prize last week. A．beat; win B．beats; wins C．beat; won D．beated; won 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周我们学校的篮球队击败了其他队伍并赢得了一等奖。时间状语“last week”表示过去，需用一般过去时；第一空后接对手“others”，用beat；第二空后接奖项“the first prize”，用won。 2．—What ________ you do last weekend? —I ________ camping with my family. A．do; go B．does; goes C．did; go D．did; went 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我和家人去露营了。根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，问句中已有实义动词do，故第一空需填助动词的过去式did；答语中谓语动词go应用过去式went。 3．She always ______ a book before going to bed when she was a student. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当她还是学生的时候，总是在睡前读一本书。考查动词时态。句中“when she was a student”为过去时间状语，主句时态需用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式read。故选A。 4．The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are used to ________ them through PPTs. A．write; showing B．writing; show C．write; show D．writing; showing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师们过去常常在黑板上写重点，但现在他们习惯通过PPT展示重点。考查固定搭配的辨析。used to do表示“过去常常做某事”，后接动词原形；be used to doing表示“习惯于做某事”，后接动名词。第一空表示“过去写”，用write；第二空表示“现在习惯展示”，用showing。故选A。 5．Last summer, Vicky ________ in a distant village, teaching the children English. A．stays B．is staying C．stayed D．will stay 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年夏天，维基待在一个遥远的村庄里，教孩子们英语。根据句中时间状语“Last summer”可知，动作发生在过去，谓语动词应使用过去式。 即学即练习 1．My father ________ me a new bicycle on my birthday last month. A．gives B．gave C．will give D．is giving 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父亲上个月在我生日时给了我一辆新自行车。gives给，一般现在时；gave动词的过去式，一般过去时；will give将给，一般将来时；is giving正在给，现在进行时。根据句末时间状语“last month”可知，动作发生在过去，句子应使用一般过去时，应填谓语动词give的过去式gave。 2．She ________ to the park every Sunday and she ________ there last Sunday. A．goes; goes B．went; goes C．goes; went D．went; went 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她每个周日都去公园，并且她上周日去了那里。根据时间状语every Sunday可知，第一个空格处的时态为一般现在时，主语 She 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用goes；根据时间状语last Sunday可知，第二个空格处的时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式went。 3．The team was unhappy because they _______ the final match yesterday. A．beat B．won C．lost D．failed 【答案】C 【详解】句意： 这个队伍很不高兴，因为他们昨天输掉了决赛。 beat打；won赢得；lost失去；failed失败。C选项“lost”，意为“输掉”，输掉比赛会导致不开心，符合语境。 4．Lily ________ her shoes, but she didn’t ________ them. A．looked for; find B．found; look for C．looked; found out D．found out; looked for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莉莉寻找她的鞋子，但是她没有找到它们。look for寻找，侧重寻找的动作，find找到，侧重找的结果，find out查明，侧重查明真相。根据句意，第一空描述寻找的过程，且时态为一般过去时，用looked for；第二空位于助动词didn’t之后，需用动词原形，且描述未找到这一结果，用find。 5．The mountain climbers ________ the summit after three days of hard climbing. A．arrived B．reached C．got D．left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：登山者经过三天艰难的攀登后到达了山顶。arrived到达，是不及物动词，后面接地点要加介词in/at；reached到达，是及物动词，后面可直接接地点名词；got到达，常用get to加地点；left离开。空格后直接接地点the summit，reach是及物动词，可直接接宾语the summit。应填reached。 6．In the past, most people ________ to work by bicycle. A．go B．went C．goes D．are going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在过去，大多数人骑自行车去上班。go去（原形）；went去（过去式）；goes去（第三人称单数）；are going正在去（现在进行时）。根据时间状语In the past可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。 7．The Smiths ________ on a family trip to Scotland last summer holiday. A．go B．went C．goes D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：史密斯一家去年暑假去苏格兰进行了一次家庭旅行。根据时间状语“last summer holiday”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式went。 8．I ________ this website yesterday and learnt a lot about London. A．visit B．visited C．have visited D．will visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我昨天访问了这个网站，并且学到了很多关于伦敦的知识。  根据“yesterday”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式visited。 9．—When ________ you ________ your first bike? —At the age of six, my father bought it for me. A．do; get B．did; get C．will; get D．have; got 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你什么时候得到你的第一辆自行车？——六岁的时候，我爸爸给我买的。根据答语“At the age of six”以及“bought”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。特殊疑问句结构为“疑问词+did+主语+动词原形”，因此用did；get。 10．—Tom didn’t come to school today, did he? —________. He had a bad cold and went to the hospital. A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆今天没来上学，是吗？——不，他没来。他得了重感冒，去医院了。反意疑问句的回答根据实际情况而定，根据“He had a bad cold and went to the hospital.”可知，汤姆没来上学是事实，所以回答是否定的，即“No, he didn’t”，意思是“不，他没来”。 解题方略 步骤 1：找标志词，锁定一般过去时 看到这些单词直接判定时态：yesterday、last…、…ago、just now、then 无标志词但句子讲昨天、上周发生的事，也用一般过去时。 步骤 2：区分 be 动词句子 / 实义动词句子 描述人 / 事物状态、没有动作：用 was/were，匹配主语单复数； 有跑、吃、看、玩等动作：动词变为过去式。 步骤 3：填空变形规则 肯定陈述句：动词变过去式（区分规则、不规则）； 否定句、一般疑问句：加 didn’t / Did，后面动词变回原形。 步骤 4：句式转换固定方法 实义动词句 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 be 动词句 否定：主语 + was/were not 疑问：Was / Were 放句首 步骤 5：三步检查避坑 看见 did，后面一定是动词原形； 核对 was/were 和主语是否匹配； 通读句子，确认是过去发生的事，动词形式无误。 【基础通关】 一、用所给单词适当形式填空 1．I ________ (see) a great film with my cousin last Saturday. 【答案】saw 【详解】句意：我上周六和我的表妹一起看了一部很棒的电影。句中的时间状语last Saturday意为“上周六”，是一般过去时的标志，表示动作发生在过去，因此谓语动词see要变成过去式saw。 2．Yesterday I ________ (fall) off the tree and hurt my leg. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：昨天我从树上摔下来，摔伤了我的腿。句中“Yesterday”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell，故填fell。 3．Last year, I ________ (meet) a pen pal from the UK. We are very different but good friends. 【答案】met 【详解】句意：去年，我见到了一个来自英国的笔友。我们很不一样却是好朋友。由时间状语Last year可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式；meet的过去式为met。 4．There ________ (be) no computer in my school 10 years ago. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：十年前我的学校里没有电脑。句中“10 years ago”为过去的时间状语，提示句子时态为一般过去时，there be句型遵循“就近原则”，离be动词近的名词computer是单数，因此be动词用is的过去式was。 5．She ________ (wear) a raincoat yesterday. 【答案】wore 【详解】句意：她昨天穿了一件雨衣。“yesterday”提示句子时态为一般过去时，wear的过去式为wore。 6．The movie about animals ________ (make) me very happy yesterday. 【答案】made 【详解】句意：这部关于动物的电影昨天让我很开心。句中时间状语yesterday表示过去的时间，因此句子需使用一般过去时；动词make的过去式为made，符合语法要求。故填made。 7．Everyone ________ (be) excited when they heard the good news about the school trip. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：每个人听到学校旅行的好消息时都很兴奋。“Everyone”为单数主语，需用be动词的适当形式。句子描述的是过去的事情（heard为过去时），因此be动词用过去式was。 8．He ________ (throw) away all the old newspapers yesterday. 【答案】threw 【详解】句意：他昨天扔掉了所有的旧报纸。句中“yesterday”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。throw的过去式是threw。 9．He ________ (break) the window yesterday and felt sorry for it. 【答案】broke 【详解】句意：他昨天打碎了窗户，对此深感抱歉。break意为“打碎”，是动词，根据时间状语yesterday“昨天”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，break的过去式是broke。 10．Tu Youyou ________ (discover) artemisinin, which saved many lives. 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：屠呦呦发现了青蒿素，拯救了许多生命。discover意为“发现”，是动词。句子描述过去发生的事件，应用一般过去时，其过去式是discovered。 二、单项选择 11．We ________ old bottles into flower pots last weekend. A．recycle B．recycled C．recycling D．recycles 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上周末我们把旧瓶子回收后做成了花盆。根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式recycled。 12．He ________ a low score last month. A．get B．gets C．got D．getting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他上个月得了很低的分数。由时间状语last month“上个月”可知句子为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式got。 13．The teacher smiled and ________ the students a question. A．ask B．asks C．asked D．asking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：老师微笑着问了学生们一个问题。根据句中谓语动词“smiled”可知句子描述的是过去发生的动作，为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，前后时态保持一致，故用过去式。应填asked。 14．My father _________ to Paris on business in 2024, and he took a lot of photos of the local attractions. A．go B．went C．has gone D．has been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我爸爸2024年去巴黎出差，拍了很多当地景点的照片。句中有过去时间状语in 2024，因此句子需用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式went，A是动词原形，适用于一般现在时；C、D为现在完成时结构，都不符合题意。 15．—What ________ you do in the library yesterday? —I ________ a report with my classmates. A．do; write B．did; write C．do; wrote D．did; wrote 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你昨天在图书馆做了什么？——我和同学们写了一份报告。do做，助动词原形，write写，动词原形；did做，助动词过去式；wrote写，动词过去式。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。第一空构成特殊疑问句，助动词应用did；第二空在陈述句中作谓语，动词应用过去式wrote。应填did；wrote。 16．She ________ the piano when she was only four years old. A．play B．plays C．played D．playing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她只有四岁时，她演奏钢琴。根据时间状语“when she was only four years old”及从句中的“was”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。 17．Isaac Newton ________ the laws of motion and gravity. A．discover B．discovers C．discovered D．discovering 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾萨克·牛顿发现了运动定律和万有引力定律。主语“Isaac Newton”是历史人物，发现定律是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，应填discovered。 18．—Did you hear about the fire down the street? —There ________ a lot of news about it on TV last night. A．was B．had C．is D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你听说街上的火灾了吗？——昨晚电视上有很多关于它的新闻。本句为there be句型，时间状语“last night”表明句子时态为一般过去时，主语“news”是不可数名词，be动词需用单数形式was。 19．—When ________ you ________ this book? —I bought it yesterday. A．did; buy B．do; buy C．did; bought D．do; bought 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你什么时候买的这本书？——我昨天买的。根据“yesterday”可知，此处用一般过去时。特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形”，故第一空用助动词did，第二空用动词原形buy。 20．When I was young, I _______ be afraid of dogs, but now I _______ playing with them. A．am used to; used to B．use to; am used to C．was used to; use to D．used to; am used to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我小时候害怕狗，但现在习惯了和它们玩。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事。第一空：根据“When I was young”和“be afraid of dogs可知，描述过去的习惯或状态，应用used to。第二空：根据“now”和“playing with them”可知，描述现在的习惯，应用am used to。 三、完形填空 Weather is important in our life. It affects (影响) our activities, our moods and even our health. Last summer, there was a heatwave in the UK. The temperature 21 a new record. It was 22 hot that fires broke out in some places. Trains had to 23 down. Some schools closed, and students stayed at home to keep 24 . Zoos tried their best to 25 animals. They gave iced food to bears, monkeys and other animals. Weather changes 26 the years. People cut down forests and use cars every day. These 27 make the weather worse. Now more and more people know it is 28 to protect the environment. In spring, we can plant trees and fly kites. In summer, we can go swimming. In autumn, we have picnics. In winter, we make snowmen. We should love nature and enjoy 29 season. When we take care of the earth, the 30 will be better for us. 21．A．saw B．reached C．got D．went 22．A．so B．too C．very D．quite 23．A．run B．walk C．slow D．jump 24．A．warm B．cool C．hot D．cold 25．A．kill B．protect C．catch D．feed 26．A．in B．for C．over D．on 27．A．things B．activities C．lives D．games 28．A．important B．interesting C．boring D．dangerous 29．A．every B．all C．both D．either 30．A．season B．temperature C．weather D．life 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文讲述了天气对我们生活的重要影响，通过英国去年热浪的例子说明极端天气的影响，分析了天气变化的人为原因，并呼吁我们保护环境、热爱自然。 21．句意：气温达到了新的记录。 根据语境“a new record”，表示“达到新纪录”，reached“达到”符合语境。saw“看见”、got“得到”、went“去”均与“气温创纪录”的语境不匹配。 22．句意：天气如此炎热，以至于一些地方发生了火灾。 固定搭配so…that…表示“如此…… 以至于……”，符合“天气太热导致火灾”的语境。 23．句意：火车不得不减速。 根据前文提到高温天气，结合常识，高温会影响列车运行，slow down是固定搭配，表示“减速”、run“跑”、walk“走”、jump“跳”均不符合语境。 24．句意：一些学校关闭，学生们待在家里保持凉爽。 根据前文的高温天气，学生待在家里是为了“保持凉爽”，cool“凉爽的”符合语境。warm“温暖的”、hot“热的”、cold“冷的”均不符合高温天气下的行为逻辑。 25．句意：动物园尽力保护动物。 根据后文“给熊、猴子等动物提供冰镇食物”，说明动物园的行为是为了“保护”动物，protect“保护”符合语境。kill“杀死”、catch“抓住”、feed“喂养”都不符合语境。 26．句意：这些年来，天气一直在变化。 固定搭配over the years表示“这些年来”，常与完成时搭配，描述一段时间内的变化。 27．句意：这些活动使天气变得更糟。 前文提到“砍伐森林、每天开车”，这些都是人类的活动，activities“活动”符合语境。things“事物”、lives“生活”、games“游戏”与前文列举的行为不匹配。 28．句意：现在越来越多的人知道保护环境很重要。 根据上下文，环境恶化让人们意识到保护环境的重要性，important“重要的”符合语境。interesting“有趣的”、boring“无聊的”、dangerous“危险的”均与语境不符。 29．句意：我们应该热爱自然，享受每一个季节。 根据前文列举的春夏秋冬四个季节，every season表示“每一个季节”，符合语境。all“全部”后接复数名词，both“两者都”、either“两者之一”均不适用。 30．句意：当我们关爱地球时，天气会对我们更有利。 全文围绕“天气”展开，前文提到人为活动让天气变差，因此保护地球会让“天气”变好，weather“天气”符合语境。season“季节”、temperature“温度”、life“生活”均偏离了文章核心话题。 【培优提升】 四、选词填空 阅读短文。选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺意思完整，每空限填一个词，每词限用一次。 much;     farmer;     slow;     different;     go;     are;     rain;     hard;     out;     we Many people do not like to stay at home on holidays. They want to go out to see something 31 or do something exciting. So people from the country go to the city and people from the city go to the country for holidays. During the holidays, trains, buses and planes are all very busy. It is very 32 to buy train tickets or air tickets. Many people take cars or buses for travelling (旅行). Last May Day my family 33 to the country by car for our holidays. There was too 34 traffic on the road, so we had to move 35 . It took us about an hour to get out of the town. After some time, we came to a 36 . It was clean and beautiful. The animals 37 very lovely. It was a nice place for a picnic, so we take the food, fruit and drinks 38 of the car. We sat down and began to eat. Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to 39 . We decided to (决定) run back to 40 car and have our picnic in the car. Then we drove back home. What a sad holiday! 【答案】 31．different 32．hard 33．went 34．much 35．slowly 36．farm 37．were 38．out 39．rain 40．our 【分析】本文介绍了大家假期时都不喜欢待在家中，作者详细描述了自己全家去年五一假期出行的情形。 31．句意：他们想去看看不同的东西或者做些刺激的事情。此处修饰复合不定代词something，应该填形容词。different“不同的”，是形容词，符合语境，故填different。 32．句意：买火车票和机票很难。此处作表语，应该填形容词。根据前文“During the holidays, trains, buses and planes are all very busy”，可知此处是说买票难，hard“难的”，是形容词，故填hard。 33．句意：去年五一我们一家开车去乡下度假。此处缺谓语动词，根据时间状语“Last May Day”，可知用一般过去时；go to sp.意为“去某处”，go的过去式为went，故填went。 34．句意：路上车太多了，所以我们只能缓慢移动。此处修饰后文的不可数名词traffic，可知用much“多”，故填much。 35．句意：路上车太多了，所以我们只能缓慢移动。此处修饰动词move，应该填副词；上文讲到车太多，所以用slow“缓慢的”对应的副词slowly，故填slowly。 36．句意：一段时间后，我们到了一个农场。此处作宾语，其前被a限定，可知填名词单数。根据“It was clean and beautiful. ”可知，farm“农场”符合语境，故填farm。 37．句意：动物们都很可爱。此处缺谓语动词和后文的形容词构成系表结构，所以应该填be动词；主语为animals，时态为过去时，所以用were，故填were。 38．句意：这是一个野餐的好地方，所以我们从车里拿出了食物、水果和饮料。此处表示“从车中拿出”，应该用out of car，故填out。 39．句意：突然一阵强风吹过，很快就开始下雨了。空前有不定式符号to，可知填动词原形；根据前文“a strong wind blew”，可知是要下雨，rain“下雨”，是动词，故填rain。 40．句意：我们决定跑回我们的车上然后在车里野餐。此处修饰其后名词car，根据“We decided to (决定) run back to... car”可知，是跑回我们的车里，应该用we的形容词性物主代词our，意为“我们的”，故填our。 五、短文填空 请根据课本P22d的内容，用适当的词完成下面的短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、语义相待的单词。 Helen and Rick are classmates. They haven’t seen each other for a 41 time. One day Helen met Rick in front of the school. They talked about what they did last 42 . Helen told Rick she went on a trip. She went to Guizhou with her parents and they 43 a good time there. Guizhou is 44 interesting place. They went to see Huangguoshu Waterfall 45 it was so wonderful. They 46 took a lot of beautiful photos. What a great 47 it was! Rick didn’t do anything special last month. He just 48 at home and read some books. It was relaxing 49 him. Both of them thought they enjoyed 50 a lot. 【答案】 41．long 42．month 43．had 44．an 45．and 46．also 47．trip 48．stayed 49．for 50．themselves 【导语】本文讲述了Helen和Rick上个月发生的事情。 41．句意：他们很久没见面了。根据“last month”可知事情发生在上个月。因此是for a long time“很长一段时间”。故填long。 42．句意：他们谈论了他们上个月做的事。根据“last month”可知事情发生在上个月。故填month。 43．句意：她和父母去了贵州，他们在那里玩得很开心。have a good time“玩得开心”；根据“last month”可知是过去式。故填had。 44．句意：贵州是一个有趣的地方。此处指“一个有趣的地方”，且interesting是以元音音素开头，故填an。 45．句意：他们去看了黄果树瀑布，真是太棒了。两句结构完整，表示并列，故填and。 46．句意：他们还拍了很多漂亮的照片。此处放于主谓之间，用副词；此处跟前一句表示并列递进，用“也”。故填also。 47．句意：这是一次多么棒的旅行啊！根据前文“Helen told Rick she went on a trip.”可知Helen描述了她的旅行，故填trip。 48．句意：他只是呆在家里看书。stay at home“呆在家”；根据“last month”可知是过去式。故填stayed。 49．句意：这对他来说很轻松。it is adj. for sb.“对某人来讲……”。故填for。 50．句意：他们俩都认为自己玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，主语为第三人称复数，因此填“他们自己”。故填themselves。 请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。 Where did you go on vacation last winter? I went to Hubei 51 my family during the last winter holidays. We visited some places of interest and tasted some delicious food. The Yellow Crane Tower (黄鹤楼) is well-known. On the tower，I enjoyed the beautiful view (景色) of the city. I was so excited that I took quite a 52 photos and short videos.The most unforgettable thing 53 the visit to the Hubei Provincial Museum. It was exciting to find the Sword of Goujian (越王勾践剑) could cut over 20 pieces of paper when it was found. In Wuhan,I tried hot dry noodles. The noodles tasted just like Shanxi noodles with soybean paste. But I didn't like the taste 54 it was a little sour (酸). During the trip, I got to know a lot about the local culture 55 the food there. Trips make our life more enjoyable. Do you think so? 【答案】51．with 52．few 53．was 54．because 55．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者去湖北的旅行。 【详解】51．句意：去年寒假，我和家人去了湖北。根据“I went to Hubei...my family”可知，应是和家人一起去了湖北，with“和……一起”。故填with。 52．句意：我很兴奋，拍了很多照片和短视频。根据“ I was so excited that”可知，很兴奋，所以应是拍了很多照片和短视频，且修饰复数名词“photos and shortvideos”，所以用quite a few“很多”。故填few。 53．句意：最难忘的是参观了湖北省博物馆。本句是主系表结构，空处缺少be动词，讲述的是过去的事情，且主语是单数名词thing，所以用was，故填was。 54．句意：但我不喜欢它的味道，因为它有点酸。空后是介绍“不喜欢它的味道”的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 55．句意：在这次旅行中，我了解了很多当地的文化和食物。“culture”和“ the food”之间是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。 初中现在进行时的考点梳理 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment，this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变y为i，再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned 4. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是2566666。 典例示范 1．________ you learn ________ when you were in the countryside? A．Did; something useful B．Did; anything useful C．Did; useful anything D．Did; useful something 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你在乡下时，你学到了什么有用的东西吗？根据时间状语“when you were in the countryside”中的“were”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，第一空助动词用Did；本句为一般疑问句，通常用anything代替something；形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，第二空应填anything useful。 2．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ my grandparents with my parents. A．visit B．visited C．am visiting D．will visit 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我和我的父母去看望了我的祖父母。根据时间状语“last weekend”可知，动作发生在过去，答语应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式visited。 3．He ________ to the park yesterday. He ________ there every Sunday. A．goes; goes B．went; went C．goes; went D．went; goes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他昨天去了公园。他每个星期天都去那里。第一空根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，填went；第二空根据时间状语“every Sunday”可知，描述经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语He是第三人称单数，谓语动词用goes。 4．Last weekend, I ________ a book in the morning, then ________ housework. A．read, did B．read, do C．readed, do D．read, does 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上周末，我早上读了一本书，然后做了家务。根据时间状语“Last weekend”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态应为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。read的过去式拼写仍为read，do的过去式为did。 5．—When __________ a party? —Yesterday afternoon. A．had you B．do you have C．did you have D．did you had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—你什么时候举行的聚会？—昨天下午。根据答语“Yesterday afternoon.”可知动作发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时。特殊疑问句需借助助动词did，后接动词原形，结构为“特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形”，答案选C。 即学即练习 1．—“__________ Tom visit his uncle yesterday afternoon?” — “No, he __________.” A．Did；did B．Did；didn’t C．Does；doesn’t D．Do；don’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“——汤姆昨天下午看望他的叔叔了吗？”“——不，他没有。”根据时间状语“yesterday afternoon”可知句子时态为一般过去时，变一般疑问句需借助助动词Did；一般疑问句的否定回答结构为“No, 主语 + didn’t”。故选B。 2．It ________ sunny today. It ________ rainy yesterday. A．is; was B．was; is C．are; were D．were; are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天天气是晴朗的。昨天是下雨的。根据today可知第一句是一般现在时，主语It是单数，be动词用is；根据yesterday可知第二句是一般过去时，主语It是单数，be动词用was。故选A。 3．—What did you do last weekend? —I ________ to the forest and picked some flowers. A．go B．went C．am going D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你上周末做什么了？——我去了森林并且摘了一些花。根据问句中的时间状语“last weekend”以及答句中的并列谓语动词“picked”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式went。 4．They ________ football every Friday. They ________ football last Friday too. A．play; played B．played; play C．play; play D．plays; played 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们每周五踢足球。上周五他们也踢了足球。第一空时间状语“every Friday”表示经常性动作，应用一般现在时，主语“They”为复数，故用play；第二空时间状语“last Friday”表示过去，应用一般过去时，故用played。 5．She ________ quickly when she saw the snake. A．run B．runs C．ran D．is running 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她看见那条蛇时，飞快地跑开了。run动词原形，用于一般现在时；runs动词第三人称单数，一般现在时； ran过去式，一般过去时；is running现在进行时。句子“when she saw the snake”提示，when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词saw是see的过去式，说明动作发生在过去，因此主句谓语需要用一般过去时，run的过去式是ran。 6．We ________ many interesting stories last term. A．read B．reads C．readed D．are reading 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们上学期读了很多有趣的故事。read阅读（原形或过去式）；reads阅读（第三人称单数）；readed错误形式；are reading正在阅读。根据时间状语“last term”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，read的过去式拼写不变。 7．I usually ________ to school on foot, but I ________ by bike yesterday. A．go; go B．went; went C．go; went D．went; go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我通常步行去上学，但我昨天骑自行车去的。根据第一句中时间状语“usually”可知，句子描述经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用原形go；根据第二句中时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式went。 8．The birds ________ south every winter. They ________ south last winter. A．fly; flew B．flew; fly C．flies; flew D．fly; fly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：鸟儿每年冬天都飞往南方。去年冬天它们也飞往了南方。根据“every winter”可知，第一空表示习惯性动作，需用一般现在时，主语“The birds”为复数，动词用原形fly；根据“last winter”可知，第二空表示过去的动作，需用一般过去时，fly的过去式为flew。 9．They ________ many interesting things in the museum yesterday. A．see B．sees C．saw D．are seeing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们昨天在博物馆里看到了许多有趣的东西。根据“yesterday”，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，see的过去式为saw。 10．Yesterday I ________ to take my camera. A．forget B．forgets C．forgot D．am forgetting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我忘了带我的相机。由时间状语“Yesterday”，可知“忘记带相机”是过去发生的动作，句子应用一般过去时，动词forget用过去式forgot。 解题方略 步骤 1：判定是否使用一般过去时 1.显性线索：yesterday、last…、…ago、just now、then、in + 过去年份 2.隐性线索：记叙文讲故事、过去一次性动作、有明确终止的过去事件； 3.排除法：句中有 for/since、already/yet 且无具体过去时间→不用一般过去时。 步骤 2：区分 be 动词 / 实义动词 1.句中无动作动词，描述状态→用 was/were，匹配主语单复数； 2.有动作动词→动词变过去式；变疑问 / 否定统一借助 did，动词还原原形。 步骤 3：正确变换动词形式 1.规则动词对照四条变形规则书写； 2.不规则动词固定背诵，单独区分过去式、过去分词两种形式。 步骤 4：句式转换固定模板 1.实义动词 否定：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 疑问：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 2.be 动词 否定：was/were + not 疑问：Was/Were 提到句首 步骤 5：避坑核查四步 1.看见 did/didn’t，立刻检查后面动词是否为原形； 2.出现明确过去时间状语，杜绝 have/has done； 3.核对 was/were 和主语匹配； 4.通读整句，确认动作发生在过去、语义通顺。 【基础通关】 一、单项选择 1．He ________ to camp with his sister last Sunday. A．go B．goes C．went D．going 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上周日他和他的妹妹去露营了。根据句中的时间状语“last Sunday”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式went。 2．—Where ________ you yesterday? —I stayed at home. A．are B．were C．do D．did 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——昨天你在哪里？ ——我待在家里。are是；were是；do助动词，用于一般现在时的疑问句和否定句；did助动词，用于一般过去时的疑问句和否定句，本身无实际意义。根据句子中的时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。句子询问“你昨天在哪里”，缺少谓语动词，且句子中没有实义动词，所以不能用助动词do/does/did，故排除C、D选项。A选项“are”是be动词的一般现在时形式，不符合一般过去时的要求。B选项“were”是be动词are的过去式，符合一般过去时以及句子语境的要求。 3．They ________ in the forest for hours. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．are walking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们在森林里走了几个小时。walk走，动词原形；walks走，第三人称单数；walked走了，过去式；are walking正在走，现在进行时。时间状语“for hours”表示持续的一段时间，通常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用。由于主语“They”为复数，且没有上下文表明动作持续到现在，因此用一般过去时“walked”表示过去发生的动作。故选C。 4．I ________ a nice kite in the park yesterday afternoon. A．fly B．flew C．flies D．will fly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天下午我在公园放了一只漂亮的风筝。“yesterday afternoon”为过去时间标志，动词用过去式作谓语，fly的过去式为不规则变化flew。 5．The little boy ________ happy now. He ________ sad just now. A．is; was B．was; is C．are; were D．were; are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个小男孩现在很高兴。他刚才很伤心。第一空，根据时间状语“now”可知，表示现在的状态，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is，排除选项B、C、D；第二空，根据时间状语“just now”可知，句子是一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。 6．They ________ basketball on the playground just now. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们刚才在操场上打了篮球。句中“just now”意为“刚才”，此句用一般过去时，用played。 7．My mother ________ shopping every weekend. She ________ shopping last weekend. A．go; went B．goes; went C．goes; go D．went; goes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈每个周末都去购物。她上周末去购物了。第一空根据时间状语every weekend可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语My mother是第三人称单数，谓语动词用goes；第二空根据时间状语last weekend可知句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用went。 8．We ________ along the river yesterday. A．walk B．walks C．walked D．are walking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们昨天沿着河边散步了。根据句末时间状语“yesterday”可知，动作发生在过去，谓语动词应用一般过去式。故填walked。 9．We ________ many photos in the park yesterday. A．take B．takes C．took D．are taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天我们在公园里拍了许多照片。take拍（一般现在时）；takes拍（第三人称单数）；took拍（一般过去时）；are taking正在拍（现在进行时）。根据“yesterday”，句子用一般过去时。故“took”符合。 10．She ________ her bag on the bus. A．forget B．forgets C．forgot D．is forgetting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她把包落在公交车上了。“把包落在公交车上”是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，因此动词forget用过去式forgot。 二、补全对话 A: You’re back, Li Hua. 11 B: It was interesting. I visited Beidaihe—a beautiful place by the sea. A: Sounds nice! 12 B: Yes. And my grandpa went there with us. We all enjoyed the trip. 13 Look! This is for you. A: Oh, thank you! It’s so kind of you! B: 14 A: No. I just stayed at home. B: 15 A: Of course not. I read books and fed dogs. It was interesting. A．Did you go there by car? B．How was your vacation? C．Didn’t you feel bored? D．Did you go anywhere special, Zhang Nan? E．I bought many gifts for my friends. F．It must be relaxing to stay at home all day. G．Did you go there with your parents? 【答案】11．B 12．G 13．E 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是李华和张楠谈论假期活动的对话。 【详解】11．根据“It was interesting.”可知，此处应是询问假期过得怎么样，选项B“你的假期如何？”符合语境。故选B。 12．根据“Yes. And my grandpa went there with us.”可知，此处应是询问是否与父母一起去的，选项G“你和你的父母一起去的吗？”符合语境。故选G。 13．根据“Look! This is for you.”可知，此处应是与礼物有关，选项E“我给我的朋友买了许多礼物。”符合语境。故选E。 14．根据“No. I just stayed at home.”可知，此处应是询问是否去特别的地方，选项D“张楠，你去了特别的地方吗？”符合语境。故选D。 15．根据“Of course not. I read books and fed dogs. It was interesting.”可知，此处应是询问是否感到无聊，选项C“难道你不无聊吗？”符合语境。故选C。 三、完形填空 Dad wanted to take us for a trip. We 16 to go to Greece. It is over 7, 000 kilometers from India to Greece. The idea of traveling so far for the first time 17 my sister and me excited. It took 18 about ten hours to get to Athens. We felt a little tired. After 19 for some time, my sister and I went out for the evening sightseeing tour (观光旅游). My parents didn’t seem to like it, 20 they stayed at the hotel. On the first day, we went to the Acropolis of Athens, the symbol 21 the city of Athens. We started to climb it at 9:00 a. m. At 10:30 a. m., we got to the 22 . The view from the Acropolis was 23 . We took some photos. For dinner, we had a special kind of dumplings. The 24 day was sunny and hot. We went to the beach. We 25 the sunshine and swam in the sea. On the third day, we went to visit a museum. 16．A．worried B．followed C．decided D．forgot 17．A．made B．waited C．stopped D．remembered 18．A．them B．us C．her D．him 19．A．drinking B．studying C．working D．relaxing 20．A．if B．because C．so D．but 21．A．from B．of C．with D．about 22．A．station B．farm C．office D．top 23．A．wonderful B．bad C．cheap D．terrible 24．A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 25．A．spent B．tried C．showed D．enjoyed 【答案】 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．D 【导语】本文介绍了作者一家去希腊旅游的情况。 【详解】16．句意：我们决定去希腊。 worried担心；followed跟随；decided决定；forgot忘记。根据“Dad wanted to take us for a trip.”可知此处指做了去希腊的决定。故选C。 17．句意：第一次去如此远的地方旅游的想法使我和姐姐很兴奋。 made使；waited等待；stopped停止；remembered记得。make sb adj表示“让某人……”，此处指让我和姐姐很兴奋。故选A。 18．句意：到达雅典花了我们大约10个小时的时间。 them他们；us我们；her她；him他。根据“We felt a little tired.”可知此空为we的宾格uu作宾语。故选B。 19．句意：休息了一段时间后，我和姐姐就去夜间观光旅游。 drinking喝；studying学习；working工作；relaxing放松。根据上文的“tired”可推知此空为“休息”，故选D。 20．句意：我的父母对此似乎不感兴趣，因此他们待在宾馆。 if如果；because因为；so因此；but但是。根据“My parents didn’t seem to like it”可知父母不喜欢，所以没跟作者去，前因后果，用so连接。故选C。 21．句意：第一天我们去了雅典卫城，它是雅典的象征。 from从；of……的；with和；about关于。根据“the symbol... the city Athens.”可知此处指所属关系，the symbol of意为“……的象征”。故选B。 22．句意：在上午10点半，我们到达了顶部。 station车站；farm农场；office办公室；根据“On the first day, we went to the Acropolis hill,”和“The view (风景) from the Acropolis ”可知此处指来到了山顶。故选D。 23．句意：从雅典卫城看风景美丽极了。 wonderful绝妙的，令人惊叹的；bad坏的；cheap便宜的；terrible糟糕的。根据下一句“We took some photos.”可知风景很好，所以拍了一些照片。故选A。 24．句意：第二天，天气晴朗炎热。 first第一；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据第三段第一句“On the first day”及最后一句“On the third day”可知此处指“第二天”，故选B。 25．句意：我们享受阳光，在海里游泳。 spent花费；tried尝试，努力；showed展示；enjoyed享受。根据“the sunshine and swam in the sea.”可知此处指享受阳光。故选D。 【培优提升】 一、完形填空 Last summer, I went to Yunnan Province on vacation with my family. We 1 four days there. Our first stop was Lugu Lake. I wonder why there was so beautiful a lake in the world. I enjoyed 2 there. We went boating and took quite a few photos. Then we went up to a hill. On the top of the 3 , we saw something beautiful. I felt like I was in a painting. I thought I would 4 forget the beautiful scenery (风景) there. The next morning, we went to Lijiang by bus and 5 in the afternoon. After a short break (休息), we walked around the town and bought some 6 for our friends. Then we had the famous (著名的) Guoqiao Rice Noodles for dinner. They were delicious. After dinner, we took a walk and enjoyed the old streets and buildings 7 the moon. The summer evening was cool. Our third stop was the Spring City, Kunming. We visited Dianchi, watched the birds and went to the flower market. We had a really 8 day. The four-day trip came to a(n) 9 soon. We had to go home. Everything in Yunnan was great. It is a very beautiful and interesting place. Why not visit it? I’m 10 you’ll never regret (后悔) going on a trip there. 1．A．found B．spent C．took D．kept 2．A．staying B．living C．missing D．studying 3．A．photo B．lake C．hill D．painting 4．A．always B．sometimes C．never D．usually 5．A．forgot B．waited C．stopped D．arrived 6．A．pigs B．hens C．gifts D．books 7．A．by B．under C．from D．near 8．A．hot B．boring C．wonderful D．terrible 9．A．place B．end C．idea D．visit 10．A．sure B．afraid C．worried D．excited 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了去年夏天作者和家人一起去云南旅游的经历。 【详解】1．句意：我们在那里待了四天。found发现；spent度过；took带走；kept保持。根据“four days there”可知，是在那里度过了四天。故选B。 2．句意：我喜欢待在那里。staying停留；living居住；missing思念；studying学习。根据上文“Our first stop was Lugu Lake. I wonder why there was so beautiful a lake in the world.”可知，此处表示作者喜欢待在那里。故选A。 3．句意：在山顶上，我们看到了一些美丽的东西。photo照片；lake湖；hill小山；painting绘画。根据上文“Then we went up to a hill.”可知，此处指在山顶上。故选C。 4．句意：我认为我永远不会忘记那里的美景。always总是；sometimes有时；never从不；usually通常。根据“I felt like I was in a painting.”可知，美景让作者感觉像身处画中，所以永远不会忘记。故选C。 5．句意：第二天早上，我们乘坐公交车去丽江，下午就到了。 forgot忘记；waited等待；stopped停止；arrived到达。根据下文“After a short break (休息), we walked around the town...”可知，下午他们就到了。故选D。 6．句意：短暂的休息过后，我们在城镇逛了逛，然后买了一些礼物给我们的朋友。 pigs猪；hens母鸡；gifts礼物；books书。根据“we walked around the town and bought some... for our friends.”可知，他们边逛边给朋友们买礼物。故选C。 7．句意：晚饭后，我们散步，欣赏着月光下的老街和老建筑物。by被；under在……正下方；from从，来自；near在附近。根据“enjoyed the old streets and buildings... the moon”可知，是指月光下的街道和建筑。故选B。 8．句意：我们真的度过了很精彩的一天。hot热的；boring无聊的；wonderful精彩的；terrible糟糕的。根据上文“We visited Dianchi, watched the birds and went to the flower market.”可知，作者这一天游览了滇池，看到了很多鸟，去了花卉市场，所以是精彩的一天。故选C。 9．句意：第四天旅行很快就结束了。place地方；end结束；idea主意；visit参观。根据下文“We had to go home.”可知，旅行结束了。故选B。 10．句意：我相信你去那里旅行永远不会后悔的。sure确信的，可靠的；afraid害怕的；worried担心的；excited兴奋的。根据上文“It is a very beautiful and interesting place. Why not visit it?”可知，作者认为这里是个很美很有趣的地方，所以确信去那里旅游不会后悔。故选A。 二、选词填空 teacher   with   the   so   wait   late   get   something   know   student   else   happy We had a trip to the science museum with our teachers last Friday. It was great fun. All the seventh graders joined in 11 trip. There were seven big buses 12 for us in front of our school gate. First of all, our 13 told us a lot about safety. After that, we 14 on the buses one by one. Everyone felt 15 excited that we talked and laughed all the way. Two hours 16 , we arrived there. It was 10:00 a. m. In the museum, 17 the help of the teachers and the guides, we 18 a lot about science. It was very interesting. We also bought 19 special in the gift shop. At 5:00 p. m., we finished the trip. All of us went back home 20 . What a nice trip we had! 【答案】 11．the 12．waiting 13．teachers 14．got 15．so 16．later 17．with 18．knew 19．something 20．happily 【导语】本文主要讲述作者上周五去科学博物馆旅行的事情。 【详解】11．句意：所有七年级的学生都参加了这次旅行。根据上文“We had a trip to the science museum with our teachers last Friday.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指这次旅行，用定冠词the。故填the。 12．句意：有七辆大公共汽车在我们学校门口等着我们。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指等着我们，wait“等待”，分析句子结构可知，此处用现在分词形式，作状语。故填waiting。 13．句意：首先，我们的老师告诉了我们很多关于安全的知识。根据上文“We had a trip to the science museum with our teachers last Friday.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指老师，用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填teachers。 14．句意：之后，我们一个接一个地上了公共汽车。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指上车，get on“上车”，固定词组，根据上文中的“last Friday”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填got。 15．句意：每个人都感到非常兴奋，我们一路谈笑风生。根据空后的“excited that”并结合备选词汇可知，此处用so…that“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。 16．句意：两个小时后，我们到达了那里。根据“we arrived there”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指两个小时后的事情，later“后来”符合。故填later。 17．句意：在博物馆里，在老师和导游的帮助下，我们了解了很多科学知识。with the help of…“在……的帮助下”，固定词组。故填with。 18．句意：在博物馆里，在老师和导游的帮助下，我们了解了很多科学知识。根据下文“It was very interesting.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指了解了很多科学知识，know“了解”，此处指过去发生的事情，句子时态为一般过去时。故填knew。 19．句意：我们还在礼品店买了一些特别的东西。根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指一些特别的东西，something special“一些特别的东西”。故填something。 20．句意：我们都高高兴兴地回家了。根据下文“What a nice trip we had!”并结合备选词汇可知，作者认为这次旅行很愉快，所以此处指我们都高高兴兴地回家了，分析句子结构可知，此处用副词形式，作状语。故填happily。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I spent my summer vacation 21 my parents last year. We 22 (climb) the mountain. It was a little cold on the mountain. 23 (lucky), we took our clothes with us. We had lunch on the top of the mountain. When we finished 24 (eat) food, it was two o’clock. At that time, we found a small animal in the tree, 25 we didn’t know its name. My parents were 26 (interest) in it. When going down the mountain, we relaxed and 27 (feel) very happy. We had a party at bottom of the mountain. My parents made a fire 28 (keep) us warm. I played 29 guitar, and then we danced and took a lot of 30 (photo). We really had so much fun there. We hope we can go there again one day. 【答案】 21．with 22．climbed 23．Luckily 24．eating 25．but 26．interested 27．felt 28．to keep 29．the 30．photos 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者和父母去年一起过暑假的情况。 【详解】21．句意：去年，我和我父母一起过暑假。根据“I spent my summer vacation…my parents last year.”可知，此处需要介词；with表示“和……一起”，符合题意。故填with。 22．句意：我们爬山。根据“last year”可知，本文叙述的是过去的事情，要用一般过去时；climb的过去式为climbed。故填climbed。 23．句意：幸运的是，我们随身带了衣服。结合所给提示词lucky和逗号可知，此处表示“幸运地”，要用lucky的副词形式，且首字母大写。故填Luckily。 24．句意：当我们吃完东西，已经是下午两点钟。finish doing sth.表示“做完某事”，此处要用eat的动名词形式作宾语。故填eating。 25．句意：我们发现树上有一个小动物，但我们不知道它的名字。根据“we found a small animal in the tree”与“we didn’t know its name.”可知，前后句表示转折关系，要用but来连接。故填but。 26．句意：我父母对它很感兴趣。根据“My parents were…in it. ”和提示词interest可知，此处考查短语be interested in，表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 27．句意：下山的时候，我们很放松，而且感到非常高兴。根据空前的“we relaxed”可知，叙述过去发生的事情；and表示并列关系，连接两部分形式要一致，故此处要用feel的过去式felt。故填felt。 28．句意：父母生火让我们保持温暖。根据“My parents made a fire…us warm.”可知，此处考查不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。 29．句意：我弹吉他。根据“guitar”是乐器名词，乐器名词前要用定冠词the；play the guitar表示“弹吉他”。故填the。 30．句意：我们跳舞并拍了很多照片。根据“a lot of”可知，后接可数名词复数形式；photo的复数为photos。故填photos。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $