暑假作业09 七选五（方法策略类说明文）（巩固培优）高二英语人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦策略建议类说明文七选五，构建“考情-命题-解法”三维体系，通过高频考点归类与逻辑衔接技巧提炼，提升语言理解与思维分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |考情与命题规律|理论总结|文本结构（总分/总分总）、考点分类（段首主旨30%/细节衔接70%）、干扰项识别（关键词不符/逻辑矛盾等）|从体裁主题到设空规律，构建“特征-考点-解法”推导链条| |典例训练|6篇（含3篇真题）|逻辑衔接（递进/转折/因果）、同义/代词衔接应用|覆盖自我成长/信息处理/资源分配等主题，实现方法跨场景迁移|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09七选五（方法策略类说明文） 历年考情 1. 体裁：策略建议类说明文考频最高，多于现象介绍类 2. 主题 · 人与自我：学习方法、心态、时间管理、成长、健康 · 人与社会：交际、出行、志愿、艺术、低碳出行 3. 文本：280–300 词，多总分、总分总结构，分点给出方法建议 4. 设空：段中 60%（衔接细节），段首 20%（分论点），段尾 20%（总结补充）。 命题规律 （一）文本特点 开篇抛出问题，分段给出实操办法，结尾总结；多用祈使句，同义替换多，传递自律、环保等正向价值观。（二）考点特点 1. 三成考段首主旨概括，七成考细节衔接 2. 五成考逻辑（递进 / 转折 / 因果等，隐性逻辑变多），两成考同义、代词衔接，原词重现变少 3. 干扰项缺陷：关键词不符段落、逻辑矛盾、内容空洞、代词无对应指代 考向预测 1. 侧重篇章结构与逻辑思考，弱化简单词汇线索 2. 新增线上学习、情绪心理、低碳、跨文化交流等青年成长话题 3. 小标题结构更普遍，文本多层逻辑（问题 — 方案 — 注意事项）增多 4. 难度提升：深层逻辑、主旨与跨段过渡题变多，同义替换更复杂 5. 选材多外刊实用短文，覆盖自我、社会，少量环保类内容 Passage 1 Mistakes are an unavoidable part of life. They can range from minor errors to significant missteps that change our life’s direction. Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences. 1 Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself. Understand the impact of past mistakes. Past mistakes often leave emotional marks. Feelings such as guilt, shame, and regret can overshadow our lives. Recognizing how these emotions affect us is the first step to healing. ​It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human. 2 Embracing this shared experience can help you approach it with understanding rather than harsh judgment. 3 Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. Learn from mistakes. Every error comes with a lesson. Identifying these lessons is crucial. Spend time analyzing what went wrong. For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill. 4 Write about the mistake and the lessons learned. This not only helps you think clearly but also creates a record of your growth. Embrace change and move forward. After releasing guilt and learning from errors, it’s time to embrace change. Set new, realistic goals based on your lessons learned. This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months. 5 For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time. A．Practice mindfulness. B．Let go of guilt and shame. C．Everyone messes up at some point. D．Easier said than done though, right? E．Consider adopting supportive habits. F．Life is a mixture of pleasure and pain. G．Journaling can be a useful tool for this. Passage 2 In an age of endless low-quality information, it’s time to fight our instinct to seek out and absorb all we can. If social media were a literal ecosystem, it would be about as healthy as a polluted river. In 2026, nothing comparable to environmental protection exists for our befouled media landscape. 6 Fortunately, there’s a way: critical ignoring. Critical ignoring was born of research on how the skills of professional fact-checkers could be taught to young people. Kids and adults alike need the ability to quickly evaluate the truth of a statement and the reliability of its source. 7 Here’s the quick-and-dirty on how to start practicing critical ignoring in the year ahead. First, realize that critical thinking has become a liability. For most of human history, information was in short supply. Our innate curiosity drives us to spend more time-consuming internet nonsense than we should. 8 Attention merchants and malicious actors have been gifted what they wanted, our attention. Second, remember that your attention is a scarce resource. A 2021 study found that just 30 minutes of phone scrolling tires us out psychologically, reducing our ability to exercise. Problems managing our attention are so widespread they’ve spawned high-tech remedies. 9 One easy tactic: Decide how much time you want to spend on screens in advance, then set a timer. Third, recognize that ‘true enough’ is dangerous. The tendency of chatbots to lie to us might seem AI-specific, but it’s part of a much bigger phenomenon. 10 Social media has trained users to rely on fluency and coherence as proxies for credibility. We are being lulled into accepting “true enough” as proxies for actual truth-while losing the habit of verifying information for ourselves. Finally, use the internet against itself. Finding truth in our media landscape requires new tools. Consider lateral reading. When encountering a new claim, rather than engage deeply with it, take a step back and use a quick search to discover what others are saying about it. A．But the simplest fixes are often the best. B．It’s ignoring after you’ve checked out some initial signals. C．It means it’s up to us, as individuals, to stop ingesting the pink slime of AI slop. D．Since then, the term has taken on a life of its own, becoming an umbrella for a set of skills. E．Investing critical thinking in sources that should have been ignored means we’ve been trapped. F．The generative-AI large language models have been trained to produce convincing results. G．So in both AI and social media, plausibility becomes a sufficient stopping condition for judgment. Passage 3 A Piece of Cake From sharing a tasty snack to allocating (分配) resources between nations, having a strategy to divide things fairly will make everyone happier. But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances. 11 Luckily, maths has some ideas. When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied. 12   Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share. 13 It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms. Let’s say Alex, Blake and Chris are sharing a cake. Alex cuts the cake into three pieces,equal in value to him. Then Blake judges if there are at least two pieces he would be happy with.If Blake says yes, Chris chooses a piece; Blake chooses next, pleased to get one of the two pieces he liked, followed by Alex, who would be satisfied with any of the pieces. If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take. 14 If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex. 15   The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on. So whatever is being shared, maths can help prevent arguments. A．What if there are more people? B．If not, Chris cuts the remaining pieces. C．They take turns to pick their favorite piece. D．If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex. E．This results in what is called an envy-free allocation. F．He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine. G．For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable. Passage 1 Discipline and the Road to Maturity Most do not see that life is difficult. 1 But once we truly see this truth, we go beyond it — then life is no longer difficult. Discipline is what we need. Delaying of satisfaction is the first tool of discipline. It requires us to give up immediate pleasure for greater satisfaction in the long run. 2 Yet many adults never fully learn this simple lesson. They refuse to face life’s necessary hardships to achieve goals and live fulfilling lives. The second tool is acceptance of responsibility. This means that we are responsible for our own lives, instead of blaming others and making excuses. 3 Some feel responsible for everything that goes wrong in the world. In fact, they are avoiding the pain of helplessness. Others refuse to take responsibility for anything, in an attempt to avoid feeling guilty and ashamed. 4 This calls on us to see the world as it is. We should not view it as we wish or fear it to be. We must accept the truth even when painful or inconvenient, and change our beliefs and behaviors that contradict it. Our view of reality is like a map that guides us through life’s journey. If it is false and inaccurate, we will be lost. The fourth tool of discipline is balancing. We need to view things from multiple perspectives. 5 Balancing requires us to be flexible and adaptable. We should compromise when needed, forgive, let go of what no longer helps, and embrace change. In short, balancing requires us to be mature. And maturity is the goal of all spiritual growth. A．Everyone is convinced of the truth. B．Children also desire instant enjoyment. C．Then comes the tool of dedication to truth. D．Instead they often complain about their burdens. E．Yet many people fall into two opposite extremes. F．Only then can we make decisions in our best interests overall. G．A little boy learns it by eating his vegetables first to earn a cookie. Passage 2 The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less People often assume that the more choices they have, the happier and more satisfied they will be. In modern society, we are surrounded by an endless number of decisions, from small daily choices such as food and clothes to important life decisions such as education and careers. 6 However, psychologist Barry Schwartz introduced the idea of “the paradox of choice,” which suggests that too many choices can actually lead to stress, anxiety, and dissatisfaction. 7 They may worry about making the wrong choice or missing out on better opportunities. This mental pressure is known as “choice overload”. 8 Even when people choose something they like, they may continue to wonder whether another option would have been better. This feeling of doubt prevents them from fully enjoying their choice and often leads to regret. Furthermore, too many choices can make people set unreasonably high standards. 9 In contrast, having fewer choices allows people to make decisions more easily and feel more confident about their final choice. To avoid the negative effects of too many choices, experts suggest limiting options and focusing on personal needs rather than searching for perfection. 10 Understanding the paradox of choice helps people make calmer, clearer, and happier decisions in daily life. A．They begin to expect perfect results, and when reality falls short, they feel disappointed. B．Making wise decisions is essential for a happy and fulfilling life. C．By accepting that “good enough” is often sufficient, people can reduce stress and feel more satisfied with their decisions. D．Many people believe that having more options increases freedom and improves the quality of decisions. E．People tend to spend too much time comparing different choices. F．Too many choices also reduce satisfaction after a decision is made. G．When people are faced with too many options, they often struggle to make a decision. Passage 3 Being a camp counselor (辅导员) is an exciting and important job! You help campers have a lot of fun, learn new things, and feel safe. To be great at it, you need the right skills and a positive attitude. These five tips will show you how to lead, listen, and create amazing memories for everyone at camp! Be enthusiastic in every activity. 11 Show enthusiasm to motivate the group, whether it’s an exciting outdoor activity or a quieter indoor craft session. Even during activities that can seem less exciting, like rainy-day games, your enthusiasm can transform the experience. Listen actively to your campers. Being a good listener is one of the most important features of a great camp counselor. 12 When they share their thoughts or feelings, give them your full attention, and respond thoughtfully. This builds trust and shows you care about them. Be open to trying new things. Campers often look up to their counselors as role models. 13 Be willing to try new activities, even if they’re outside your usual interests. Whether it’s attempting a climbing wall or joining a dance-off, your willingness inspires your campers to do the same. 14 Campers often come up with creative ideas or suggestions for activities. Instead of dismissing these ideas, take them seriously. Even when an idea doesn’t work out perfectly, the camper will feel valued knowing their input matters. Use positive language. The way you communicate with campers matters. Instead of focusing on what they mustn’t do, guide them with positive instructions. For example, instead of saying, “Don’t run,” say, “Please walk.” 15 A．Encourage camper ideas. B．Always be patient when resolving conflicts. C．Campers want to feel heard and understood. D．By doing so, your instructions are easier to remember. E．This slight change makes them more likely to cooperate. F．Your energy and excitement set the tone for your campers. G．To encourage them to step out of their comfort zones, you need to do the same. Passage 1 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题） Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 2 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 5 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D．It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E．It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. Passage 2 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题） Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early Ever watched your child try to get out of doing housework by making excuses? If only the effort they put into avoiding responsibility could be redirected into, well, actual responsibility. In fact, building work ethic (道德) in kids doesn’t require military-style drills. Here are four simple and practical ways. ● Make housework part of the family routine. Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the plants. 6 When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life. ● 7 You can’t expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the dishwasher. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same. ● Build determination through goals. 8 Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. ● Treat mistakes as opportunities. Few things strike fear into a child’s heart like the prospect of failing. The best way is to normalise mistakes as a natural part of learning. When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission. 9 Teaching kids work ethic is to gently and consistently push them toward responsibility, determination, and pride in their efforts. 10 No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience (韧性) and satisfaction. A．The key is consistency. B．Help kids develop analytical skills. C．Model the work ethic you want to see. D．Instead, encourage them to do differently next time. E．Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward. F．Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in. G．Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 作业09七选五（方法策略类说明文） 历年考情 1. 体裁：策略建议类说明文考频最高，多于现象介绍类 2. 主题 · 人与自我：学习方法、心态、时间管理、成长、健康 · 人与社会：交际、出行、志愿、艺术、低碳出行 3. 文本：280–300 词，多总分、总分总结构，分点给出方法建议 4. 设空：段中 60%（衔接细节），段首 20%（分论点），段尾 20%（总结补充）。 命题规律 （一）文本特点 开篇抛出问题，分段给出实操办法，结尾总结；多用祈使句，同义替换多，传递自律、环保等正向价值观。（二）考点特点 1. 三成考段首主旨概括，七成考细节衔接 2. 五成考逻辑（递进 / 转折 / 因果等，隐性逻辑变多），两成考同义、代词衔接，原词重现变少 3. 干扰项缺陷：关键词不符段落、逻辑矛盾、内容空洞、代词无对应指代 考向预测 1. 侧重篇章结构与逻辑思考，弱化简单词汇线索 2. 新增线上学习、情绪心理、低碳、跨文化交流等青年成长话题 3. 小标题结构更普遍，文本多层逻辑（问题 — 方案 — 注意事项）增多 4. 难度提升：深层逻辑、主旨与跨段过渡题变多，同义替换更复杂 5. 选材多外刊实用短文，覆盖自我、社会，少量环保类内容 Passage 1 Mistakes are an unavoidable part of life. They can range from minor errors to significant missteps that change our life’s direction. Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences. 1 Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself. Understand the impact of past mistakes. Past mistakes often leave emotional marks. Feelings such as guilt, shame, and regret can overshadow our lives. Recognizing how these emotions affect us is the first step to healing. ​It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human. 2 Embracing this shared experience can help you approach it with understanding rather than harsh judgment. 3 Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. Learn from mistakes. Every error comes with a lesson. Identifying these lessons is crucial. Spend time analyzing what went wrong. For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill. 4 Write about the mistake and the lessons learned. This not only helps you think clearly but also creates a record of your growth. Embrace change and move forward. After releasing guilt and learning from errors, it’s time to embrace change. Set new, realistic goals based on your lessons learned. This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months. 5 For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time. A．Practice mindfulness. B．Let go of guilt and shame. C．Everyone messes up at some point. D．Easier said than done though, right? E．Consider adopting supportive habits. F．Life is a mixture of pleasure and pain. G．Journaling can be a useful tool for this. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．G 5．E 【导语】文章介绍犯错不可避免，并给出四种自我原谅、从错误中成长的方法。 【解析】1．上文“Instead of getting lost in regret, it’s crucial to learn how to heal and grow from those experiences.(与其沉浸在后悔中，不如学会如何从这些经历中治愈和成长)”提出要从错误中自愈成长，下文“Here are the tips you can try the next time you want to forgive yourself.(以下是你下次想要原谅自己时可以尝试的技巧)”引出具体建议，空处承上启下，前后语义形成转折，说明道理易懂但实操困难。所以D项“虽说如此，但做起来却不容易，对吧？”符合语境。 2．上文“It’s vital to remember that making mistakes is a normal part of being human.(重要的是要记住，犯错是人类正常的一部分)”提及犯错很正常，空处和前文为解释顺接关系，呼应人类都会犯错的共性。所以C项“每个人在人生某个阶段都会犯错”符合语境，C选项中“Everyone messes up”与上文“making mistakes”语义呼应，进一步解释前文观点。 3．下文“Releasing guilt and shame is essential for healing. These negative feelings can trap you in a loop of self-blame. To break free, start by reflecting on your mistake and its consequences. Self-compassion is key. Treat yourself as you would treat a friend who made a similar mistake. Remind yourself that everyone fails and that your past actions do not define your worth. (释放内疚和羞耻感对于治愈至关重要。这些负面情绪会让你陷入自责的循环。要想挣脱束缚，首先要反思你的错误及其后果。自我同情是关键。像对待犯过类似错误的朋友一样对待自己。提醒自己，每个人都会失败，你过去的行为并不能定义你的价值)”说明整段讲述放下内疚和羞愧、停止自我指责。空处统领本段主旨，概括段落核心内容。所以B项“放下内疚与羞愧”契合段落主题。 4．上文“For instance, if poor time management led to missing a deadline at work, consider strategies to improve this skill.(例如，如果时间管理不善导致错过工作截止日期，考虑采取策略来提高这项技能)”说明可以通过写日记来分析错误，空处和前文为递进关系，引出记录反思的方式。所以G项“写日记对此是个有用的方式”符合语境，进一步说明写日记的作用。 5．上文“This could be as simple as committing to improving a specific skill within three months.(这可能很简单，比如在三个月内致力于提高一项特定技能)”说明要设定目标并致力于提高技能，下文“For example, if you want to enhance your decision-making skills, practice making small, low-risk decisions daily. This will build your confidence over time.(例如，如果你想提高你的决策能力，每天练习做出小而低风险的决定。随着时间的推移，这将建立你的信心)”举例通过日常小决定培养能力、建立自信。空处顺接前文，和后文为总述与举例关系，引出具体行动方式，所以E项“考虑养成有益的习惯。”符合语境。 Passage 2 In an age of endless low-quality information, it’s time to fight our instinct to seek out and absorb all we can. If social media were a literal ecosystem, it would be about as healthy as a polluted river. In 2026, nothing comparable to environmental protection exists for our befouled media landscape. 6 Fortunately, there’s a way: critical ignoring. Critical ignoring was born of research on how the skills of professional fact-checkers could be taught to young people. Kids and adults alike need the ability to quickly evaluate the truth of a statement and the reliability of its source. 7 Here’s the quick-and-dirty on how to start practicing critical ignoring in the year ahead. First, realize that critical thinking has become a liability. For most of human history, information was in short supply. Our innate curiosity drives us to spend more time-consuming internet nonsense than we should. 8 Attention merchants and malicious actors have been gifted what they wanted, our attention. Second, remember that your attention is a scarce resource. A 2021 study found that just 30 minutes of phone scrolling tires us out psychologically, reducing our ability to exercise. Problems managing our attention are so widespread they’ve spawned high-tech remedies. 9 One easy tactic: Decide how much time you want to spend on screens in advance, then set a timer. Third, recognize that ‘true enough’ is dangerous. The tendency of chatbots to lie to us might seem AI-specific, but it’s part of a much bigger phenomenon. 10 Social media has trained users to rely on fluency and coherence as proxies for credibility. We are being lulled into accepting “true enough” as proxies for actual truth-while losing the habit of verifying information for ourselves. Finally, use the internet against itself. Finding truth in our media landscape requires new tools. Consider lateral reading. When encountering a new claim, rather than engage deeply with it, take a step back and use a quick search to discover what others are saying about it. A．But the simplest fixes are often the best. B．It’s ignoring after you’ve checked out some initial signals. C．It means it’s up to us, as individuals, to stop ingesting the pink slime of AI slop. D．Since then, the term has taken on a life of its own, becoming an umbrella for a set of skills. E．Investing critical thinking in sources that should have been ignored means we’ve been trapped. F．The generative-AI large language models have been trained to produce convincing results. G．So in both AI and social media, plausibility becomes a sufficient stopping condition for judgment. 【答案】6．C 7．D 8．E 9．A 10．G 【导语】文章主要讲述如今劣质信息泛滥，媒体环境杂乱，引出批判性忽视这一应对方法，并从转变思维、珍惜注意力、辨清虚假信息、巧用网络工具四个方面，介绍践行该方法的具体做法。 【解析】6．根据前文“In 2026, nothing comparable to environmental protection exists for our befouled media landscape.(在2026年，尚且没有类似环境保护的举措来整治污浊的媒体环境。)”以及后文“Fortunately, there’s a way: critical ignoring.(幸运的是，我们有一个办法：批判性忽视。)”可知，前文点明缺少外界治理手段，后文引出解决办法，空格处衔接上下文，强调需要我们个人主动行动。选项C“It means it’s up to us, as individuals, to stop ingesting the pink slime of AI slop.(这意味着作为个体，我们得主动停止接收人工智能产出的劣质信息。)”契合语境。 7．根据前文“Critical ignoring was born of research on how the skills of professional fact-checkers could be taught to young people.(批判性忽视起源于一项研究，该研究探究如何向年轻人传授专业事实核查人员的相关技能。)”可知前文介绍该理念的起源，空格处承接上文，讲述这个词汇后续的发展变化。选项D“Since then, the term has taken on a life of its own, becoming an umbrella for a set of skills.(从那以后，这个说法独立发展开来，成为一系列相关技能的统称。)”衔接自然。 8．根据前文“Our innate curiosity drives us to spend more time-consuming internet nonsense than we should.(我们与生俱来的好奇心，驱使我们耗费过多时间沉溺于网络无用信息。)”以及后文“Attention merchants and malicious actors have been gifted what they wanted, our attention.(博取注意力的商家和别有用心之人趁机获取了他们想要的东西 —— 我们的注意力。)”可知，此处讲述过度运用思辨思维在无用信息上带来的弊端——陷入被动局面。选项E“Investing critical thinking in sources that should have been ignored means we’ve been trapped.(把思辨思维耗费在本应无视的信息来源上，意味着我们已经陷入了圈套。)” 衔接上文耗费过多时间沉溺于网络无用信息，引出下文的结果。 9．根据前文“Problems managing our attention are so widespread they’ve spawned high-tech remedies.(注意力管理难题十分普遍，也随之催生了各类高科技解决办法。)”以及后文“One easy tactic: Decide how much time you want to spend on screens in advance, then set a timer.(一个简单可行的办法：提前定下使用电子屏幕的时长，再设置计时器。)”可知，前文提及各类高端办法，后文介绍简单实用的方法，空格处起到过渡转折作用。选项A“But the simplest fixes are often the best.(但最简单的解决办法往往效果最好。)”承上启下。 10．根据前文“The tendency of chatbots to lie to us might seem AI-specific, but it’s part of a much bigger phenomenon.(聊天机器人出现说谎的情况看似只是人工智能独有的问题，实则是一种更为普遍的现象。)”以及后文“Social media has trained users to rely on fluency and coherence as proxies for credibility.(社交媒体让用户习惯把语句通顺连贯当作判断信息可信的依据。)”可知，前文提到AI存在的问题，后文讲社交媒体。需要一个句子将AI和社交媒体联系起来，说明两者的共同问题。选项G“So in both AI and social media, plausibility becomes a sufficient stopping condition for judgment.(因此无论是人工智能领域还是社交媒体平台，内容看似合理通顺，就足以让人们停止深入判断。)”贴合上下文逻辑，说明在人工智能和社交媒体领域，看似合理通顺就容易让人停止判断、轻信内容。 Passage 3 A Piece of Cake From sharing a tasty snack to allocating (分配) resources between nations, having a strategy to divide things fairly will make everyone happier. But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances. 11 Luckily, maths has some ideas. When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied. 12   Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share. 13 It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms. Let’s say Alex, Blake and Chris are sharing a cake. Alex cuts the cake into three pieces,equal in value to him. Then Blake judges if there are at least two pieces he would be happy with.If Blake says yes, Chris chooses a piece; Blake chooses next, pleased to get one of the two pieces he liked, followed by Alex, who would be satisfied with any of the pieces. If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take. 14 If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex. 15   The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on. So whatever is being shared, maths can help prevent arguments. A．What if there are more people? B．If not, Chris cuts the remaining pieces. C．They take turns to pick their favorite piece. D．If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex. E．This results in what is called an envy-free allocation. F．He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine. G．For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable. 【答案】11．G 12．E 13．A 14．D 15．F 【导语】文章介绍公平分物的数学方法，讲解两人及多人无嫉妒分配蛋糕的具体规则。 【解析】11．上文“But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances.(当物品并非完全无差别时，分配就会变得复杂)”指出非完全相同物品分配有难度。空后“Luckily, maths has some ideas.(幸运的是数学有解决办法)”引出解决方式。空处需要举例说明物品存在差异的情况。选项G“For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable.(例如带樱桃的蛋糕块更受人青睐)”承接上文举例论证，符合语境。 12．上文“When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied.(当两方进行分配时，或许你会知道一个简单且在数学上最优的规则：我来切，你来选。因为切蛋糕的人不参与选择环节，所以他们会努力做到公平切蛋糕。然后当另一个人进行选择时，所有人都会感到满意)”介绍两人公平分蛋糕的方法。空后“Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share.(双方都不会羡慕对方的份额)”说明该分配方式的效果。空处需要对这种分配方式下定义。选项E“This results in what is called an envy-free allocation.(这就形成了所谓的无嫉妒分配)”承接前文规则，引出专业定义，契合上下文逻辑。 13．后文“It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms.(多人实现无嫉妒分配更复杂但可行)”开始介绍多人分配的方法。空处需要提出人数增多的设问，引出下文内容。选项A“What if there are more people?(如果人数更多该怎么办)”起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。 14．上文“If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take.(如果Blake认为分得不公，Chris会判断是否有两块自己愿意接受)”设定假设条件。空处需要承接假设成立后的分配顺序。选项D“If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex.(如果愿意，Blake先选，接着是Chris，最后是Alex)”对应前文假设，衔接分配流程，符合语境。 15．上文“If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex.(若两人都不认可分法，就把两人都不看好的那块分给Alex)”说明蛋糕分配方式。空后“The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on.(剩余蛋糕重新合并，由两人按规则分配)”介绍后续安排。空处需要说明Alex拿到这块蛋糕后的心态。选项F“He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine.(他依旧满意，因为他原本认为每块蛋糕都一样好)”承接上文分配结果，逻辑通顺，符合语境。 Passage 1 Discipline and the Road to Maturity Most do not see that life is difficult. 1 But once we truly see this truth, we go beyond it — then life is no longer difficult. Discipline is what we need. Delaying of satisfaction is the first tool of discipline. It requires us to give up immediate pleasure for greater satisfaction in the long run. 2 Yet many adults never fully learn this simple lesson. They refuse to face life’s necessary hardships to achieve goals and live fulfilling lives. The second tool is acceptance of responsibility. This means that we are responsible for our own lives, instead of blaming others and making excuses. 3 Some feel responsible for everything that goes wrong in the world. In fact, they are avoiding the pain of helplessness. Others refuse to take responsibility for anything, in an attempt to avoid feeling guilty and ashamed. 4 This calls on us to see the world as it is. We should not view it as we wish or fear it to be. We must accept the truth even when painful or inconvenient, and change our beliefs and behaviors that contradict it. Our view of reality is like a map that guides us through life’s journey. If it is false and inaccurate, we will be lost. The fourth tool of discipline is balancing. We need to view things from multiple perspectives. 5 Balancing requires us to be flexible and adaptable. We should compromise when needed, forgive, let go of what no longer helps, and embrace change. In short, balancing requires us to be mature. And maturity is the goal of all spiritual growth. A．Everyone is convinced of the truth. B．Children also desire instant enjoyment. C．Then comes the tool of dedication to truth. D．Instead they often complain about their burdens. E．Yet many people fall into two opposite extremes. F．Only then can we make decisions in our best interests overall. G．A little boy learns it by eating his vegetables first to earn a cookie. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．E 4．C 5．F 【导语】文章围绕自律与成熟之路展开，点明认清生活不易是成长开端，依次介绍自律包含的四种方式，阐明学会自律方能走向成熟。 【解析】1．上文“Most do not see that life is difficult.(大多数人都意识不到生活充满艰辛。)”点明多数人看不清生活本质，选项D“Instead they often complain about their burdens.(反而时常抱怨自身负担。)”承接上文，写出这类人的普遍做法。 2．上文“Delaying of satisfaction is the first tool of discipline. It requires us to give up immediate pleasure for greater satisfaction in the long run.(延迟满足是自律的第一种方式。它要求我们为了长远的更大满足而放弃即时的愉悦。)”点明延迟满足的定义，选项G“A little boy learns it by eating his vegetables first to earn a cookie.(小男孩先吃蔬菜来换取饼干，就是在学习这个道理。)”承接上文，用具体事例诠释延迟满足。 3．上文“The second tool is acceptance of responsibility. This means that we are responsible for our own lives, instead of blaming others and making excuses.(第二种方式是承担责任。这意味着我们要对自己的生活负责，而不是责备他人、找借口。)”点明承担责任的内涵，选项E“Yet many people fall into two opposite extremes.(但很多人陷入了两种截然相反的极端。)”承接上文，引出下文“Some feel responsible for everything that goes wrong in the world. In fact, they are avoiding the pain of helplessness. Others refuse to take responsibility for anything, in an attempt to avoid feeling guilty and ashamed.(有些人觉得自己要对世界上发生的每一件事负责。实际上，他们这样做是为了逃避那种无助感所带来的痛苦。还有些人则拒绝承担任何责任，试图以此来避免感到内疚和羞愧。)”两类错误的责任观。 4．上文已介绍自律的两种方式，下文“This calls on us to see the world as it is. We should not view it as we wish or fear it to be.(这要求我们正视世界的本来面目。我们不应该按照自己的愿望或恐惧去看待它。)”点明第三种自律方式的核心，选项C“Then comes the tool of dedication to truth.(接下来是坚守真理这一方式。)”承接上文，明确引出本段核心内容，与后文对坚守真理的具体阐述衔接。 5．上文“The fourth tool of discipline is balancing. We need to view things from multiple perspectives.(自律的第四种方式是平衡。我们需要从多个角度看待事物。)”点明平衡这一自律方式的要求，选项F“Only then can we make decisions in our best interests overall.(只有这样，我们才能做出兼顾整体利益的决定。)”承接上文，说明多角度看待事物的意义。 Passage 2 The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less People often assume that the more choices they have, the happier and more satisfied they will be. In modern society, we are surrounded by an endless number of decisions, from small daily choices such as food and clothes to important life decisions such as education and careers. 6 However, psychologist Barry Schwartz introduced the idea of “the paradox of choice,” which suggests that too many choices can actually lead to stress, anxiety, and dissatisfaction. 7 They may worry about making the wrong choice or missing out on better opportunities. This mental pressure is known as “choice overload”. 8 Even when people choose something they like, they may continue to wonder whether another option would have been better. This feeling of doubt prevents them from fully enjoying their choice and often leads to regret. Furthermore, too many choices can make people set unreasonably high standards. 9 In contrast, having fewer choices allows people to make decisions more easily and feel more confident about their final choice. To avoid the negative effects of too many choices, experts suggest limiting options and focusing on personal needs rather than searching for perfection. 10 Understanding the paradox of choice helps people make calmer, clearer, and happier decisions in daily life. A．They begin to expect perfect results, and when reality falls short, they feel disappointed. B．Making wise decisions is essential for a happy and fulfilling life. C．By accepting that “good enough” is often sufficient, people can reduce stress and feel more satisfied with their decisions. D．Many people believe that having more options increases freedom and improves the quality of decisions. E．People tend to spend too much time comparing different choices. F．Too many choices also reduce satisfaction after a decision is made. G．When people are faced with too many options, they often struggle to make a decision. 【答案】6．D 7．G 8．F 9．A 10．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了选择悖论：人们通常认为选择越多越幸福，但过多选择反而会带来压力、焦虑、不满与后悔，还会让人设定过高期待，文末也给出了应对过多选择负面影响的建议。 【解析】6．根据前文“People often assume that the more choices they have, the happier and more satisfied they will be. In modern society, we are surrounded by an endless number of decisions, from small daily choices such as food and clothes to important life decisions such as education and careers.(人们通常认为选择越多，就会越快乐、越满足。在现代社会，我们面临着数不胜数的抉择，从饮食、穿搭这类日常小事到教育、事业等人生大事皆是如此。)”及后文“However, psychologist Barry Schwartz introduced the idea of “the paradox of choice,” which suggests that too many choices can actually lead to stress, anxiety, and dissatisfaction.(然而，心理学家Barry Schwartz提出了“选择悖论”的概念，这个观点认为太多的选择实际上会导致压力、焦虑和不满。) ”可知，前文讲述了大众普遍觉得选择多多益善的观点；结合下文转折内容，空处应延续这一主流看法。选项D“Many people believe that having more options increases freedom and improves the quality of decisions.(很多人认为拥有更多选择能增加自由，也能提升决策质量)”承接上文观点，符合语境。 7．根据后文“They may worry about making the wrong choice or missing out on better opportunities. This mental pressure is known as “choice overload”.(他们会担心做出错误选择，或是错失更好的机会，这种心理压力被称为“选择超载”。)”可知，后文讲述了选择过多带来的心理困扰。空处应引出人们面对众多选择时的困境，选项G“When people are faced with too many options, they often struggle to make a decision.(当人们面对太多选择时，往往难以做出决定)”衔接后文内容，逻辑通顺。 8．根据后文“Even when people choose something they like, they may continue to wonder whether another option would have been better. This feeling of doubt prevents them from fully enjoying their choice and often leads to regret.(即便人们选到了心仪的选项，他们仍继续会暗自琢磨另一个选择会不会更好。这种疑虑会让人无法充分享受自己的选择，还常常心生懊悔。)”可知，本段围绕做出选择之后的负面感受展开。选项F“Too many choices also reduce satisfaction after a decision is made.(过多的选择也会降低人们做出决定后的满足感)”总领本段内容，契合语境。 9．根据前文“Furthermore, too many choices can make people set unreasonably high standards.(此外，过多的选择会让人们设立不切实际的高标准。)”可知，前文提到人们会定下过高标准，空处需要承接这一内容，说明高标准带来的结果。选项A“They begin to expect perfect results, and when reality falls short, they feel disappointed.(他们开始期待完美的结果，当现实不尽如人意时，就会感到失望)”承接前文，逻辑连贯。 10．根据前文“To avoid the negative effects of too many choices, experts suggest limiting options and focusing on personal needs rather than searching for perfection.(为了规避过多选择带来的负面影响，专家建议减少选项、关注自身需求，而非一味追求完美。)”以及后文“Understanding the paradox of choice helps people make calmer, clearer, and happier decisions in daily life.(理解选择悖论，能帮助人们在日常生活中做出更从容、清晰且幸福的抉择。)”可知，空前说明专家提出关注自身需求，不要一味追求完美的建议，空后说明理解选择悖论的益处，空处应具体说明不追求完美的做法和好处。选项C“By accepting that “good enough” is often sufficient, people can reduce stress and feel more satisfied with their decisions.(接受“知足常乐”的心态，人们就能减轻压力，对自己的选择更加满意)”衔接上下文，符合文意。 Passage 3 Being a camp counselor (辅导员) is an exciting and important job! You help campers have a lot of fun, learn new things, and feel safe. To be great at it, you need the right skills and a positive attitude. These five tips will show you how to lead, listen, and create amazing memories for everyone at camp! Be enthusiastic in every activity. 11 Show enthusiasm to motivate the group, whether it’s an exciting outdoor activity or a quieter indoor craft session. Even during activities that can seem less exciting, like rainy-day games, your enthusiasm can transform the experience. Listen actively to your campers. Being a good listener is one of the most important features of a great camp counselor. 12 When they share their thoughts or feelings, give them your full attention, and respond thoughtfully. This builds trust and shows you care about them. Be open to trying new things. Campers often look up to their counselors as role models. 13 Be willing to try new activities, even if they’re outside your usual interests. Whether it’s attempting a climbing wall or joining a dance-off, your willingness inspires your campers to do the same. 14 Campers often come up with creative ideas or suggestions for activities. Instead of dismissing these ideas, take them seriously. Even when an idea doesn’t work out perfectly, the camper will feel valued knowing their input matters. Use positive language. The way you communicate with campers matters. Instead of focusing on what they mustn’t do, guide them with positive instructions. For example, instead of saying, “Don’t run,” say, “Please walk.” 15 A．Encourage camper ideas. B．Always be patient when resolving conflicts. C．Campers want to feel heard and understood. D．By doing so, your instructions are easier to remember. E．This slight change makes them more likely to cooperate. F．Your energy and excitement set the tone for your campers. G．To encourage them to step out of their comfort zones, you need to do the same. 【答案】11．F 12．C 13．G 14．A 15．E 【导语】文章主要针对营地辅导员工作给出五条建议，包括在各项活动中保持热情、积极倾听营员、乐于尝试新事物、鼓励营员提出想法以及使用积极语言，以帮助辅导员更好地开展工作，为营员创造美好回忆。 【解析】11．上文“Be enthusiastic in every activity.(在每项活动中都要充满热情)”强调了热情的重要性，F选项“Your energy and excitement set the tone for your campers.(你的活力和兴奋为营员们定下基调)”进一步阐述热情带来的影响，energy and excitement与上文enthusiastic相呼应。 12．上文“Listen actively to your campers. Being a good listener is one of the most important features of a great camp counselor.(积极倾听你的营员。成为一个好的倾听者是优秀营地辅导员最重要的特质之一)”表明倾听的重要性，C选项“Campers want to feel heard and understood.(营员们希望被倾听和理解)”解释了积极倾听的原因，与上文话题紧密相关。 13．上文“Campers often look up to their counselors as role models.(营员们经常把他们的辅导员视为榜样)”说明辅导员是营员的榜样，G选项“To encourage them to step out of their comfort zones, you need to do the same.(为了鼓励他们走出舒适区，你也需要这样做)”承接上文，指出辅导员应以身作则走出舒适区，以鼓励营员，you need to do the same与上文 role models呼应。 14．设空处为段落小标题，需概括本段内容。下文“Campers often come up with creative ideas or suggestions for activities. Instead of dismissing these ideas, take them seriously. Even when an idea doesn’t work out perfectly, the camper will feel valued knowing their input matters.(营员们经常会为活动想出有创意的想法或建议。不要忽视这些想法，要认真对待。即使一个想法不能完美奏效，营员知道他们的意见有价值也会感到被重视)”主要讲述要重视营员的想法，A选项“Encourage camper ideas.(鼓励营员的想法)”概括了本段主旨，作为小标题合适。 15．上文“Use positive language. The way you communicate with campers matters. Instead of focusing on what they mustn’t do, guide them with positive instructions. For example, instead of saying, “Don’t run,” say, “Please walk.”(使用积极的语言。你与营员交流的方式很重要。不要专注于他们不能做什么，而是用积极的指令引导他们。例如，不要说“不要跑”，而是说“请走”)”阐述使用积极语言的沟通方式，E选项“This slight change makes them more likely to cooperate.(这种细微的改变使他们更有可能合作)”说明这种积极语言沟通带来的结果，与上文衔接紧密。 Passage 1 （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·高考真题） Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 1 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 2 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 3 You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 4 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 5 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A．A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D．It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E．It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 【解析】1．根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 2．根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 3．根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 4．根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 5．根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 Passage 2 （2026·全国二卷·高考真题） Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early Ever watched your child try to get out of doing housework by making excuses? If only the effort they put into avoiding responsibility could be redirected into, well, actual responsibility. In fact, building work ethic (道德) in kids doesn’t require military-style drills. Here are four simple and practical ways. ● Make housework part of the family routine. Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the plants. 6 When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life. ● 7 You can’t expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the dishwasher. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same. ● Build determination through goals. 8 Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback. ● Treat mistakes as opportunities. Few things strike fear into a child’s heart like the prospect of failing. The best way is to normalise mistakes as a natural part of learning. When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission. 9 Teaching kids work ethic is to gently and consistently push them toward responsibility, determination, and pride in their efforts. 10 No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience (韧性) and satisfaction. A．The key is consistency. B．Help kids develop analytical skills. C．Model the work ethic you want to see. D．Instead, encourage them to do differently next time. E．Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward. F．Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in. G．Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．G 9．D 10．F 【导语】文章介绍了四种从小培养孩子劳动品质的实用方法。 【解析】6．根据空前“Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the plants.(让孩子参与家庭日常事务：整理玩具、喂狗、浇花。)”以及空后“When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life.(当做家务变得像刷牙一样常规化，孩子就会从内心认同做家务是生活的一部分。)”可知，前文给出具体家务内容，后文强调把家务固化成日常习惯，能让孩子形成观念，想要实现这个转变，核心要素就是持之以恒。A选项“The key is consistency.(关键在于持之以恒。)”，句中consistency对应后文routine，点明坚持常态化做家务是养成习惯的核心逻辑。 7．分析文章结构，该空为本段小标题，其余小标题均为简洁祈使句；根据本段后文“You can’t expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the dishwasher. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same.(你不能指望孩子满怀热情地处理自己的任务，而你自己却在抱怨把洗碗机里的碗碟摆好。如果你的孩子看到你享受工作、并为自己出色完成的事情感到自豪，他们就更有可能也这样做。)”可知，整段核心是家长自身行为会被孩子模仿，家长要做好榜样。C选项“Model the work ethic you want to see.(树立你希望孩子拥有的劳动榜样。)”概括本段内容，适合做小标题。 8．本段小标题是“Build determination through goals.(借助目标培养意志力。)”；根据空后“Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a setback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而非完美。诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外力、设定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G选项“Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员那般强大的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。 9．根据空前“When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission.(孩子搞砸事情时，不要立刻出手包揽补救。)”可知，建议家长孩子出现问题不要立刻出手包揽补救，后文需要给出对应的正向替代方案。D选项“Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.(取而代之，鼓励他们下次换一种方式处理。)”中instead承接前文不插手的做法，给出引导孩子自主修正错误的具体方式，符合语境。 10．根据空后“No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience (韧性) and satisfaction.(不必担心。你当下正在培养的这些习惯，会让孩子终身拥有抗挫折能力与成就感。)”可知，No worry是安慰语气，说明空格处必然是家长会产生的顾虑。F选项“Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in.(进步速度可能很慢，你会疑惑孩子究竟有没有真正听进去、学进去。)”提出家长的焦虑疑惑，后文紧接着进行安抚解释，符合语境。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $