Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元导学案2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元导学案 一、单元整体主题与核心素养 单元主题 本单元围绕红杉树、苔藓、蓝鲸、猎豹、竹子、银杏、蜜蜂、蓝鲸等典型动植物展开，介绍外形、生长、习性、价值，科普生态依存关系。 核心素养 语言能力：熟练掌握形容词、副词最高级变化规则与句型；能用最高级描述动植物外形、体型、速度、实用价值。 文化意识：了解竹子、银杏在中国文化中的象征意义，树立人与自然共生、爱护动植物、保护生态的观念。 思维品质：区分比较级（两者对比）与最高级（三者及以上对比）；理清动植物、人类、生态系统之间的依存逻辑。 学习能力：能阅读科普短文、制作动植物介绍海报，运用最高级完成问答、对话、科普写作。 单元话题作文方向 The Most Amazing Animal I Know 我所知最神奇的动物 Bamboo — The Most Useful Plant 竹子 —— 最实用的植物 Why Bees Are Important to Us 蜜蜂对人类有多重要 Protect Wild Animals and Plants 保护野生动植物 The Blue Whale, the Largest Animal on Earth 地球上最大的动物 —— 蓝鲸 二、单元必背单词 （一）动植物专有名词 moss 苔藓 redwood tree 红杉树 bamboo 竹子 ginkgo tree 银杏树 bamboo shoot 竹笋 blue whale 蓝鲸 cheetah 猎豹 bee 蜜蜂 butterfly 蝴蝶 frog 青蛙 honeycomb 蜂巢 （二）描述外形体型形容词 big 大的 — bigger — biggest large 巨大的 — larger — largest heavy 重的 — heavier — heaviest tall 高的 — taller — tallest long 长的 — longer — longest fast 快的 — faster — fastest small 小的 — smaller — smallest short 矮 / 短的 — shorter — shortest beautiful 美丽的 — more beautiful — most beautiful colourful 色彩鲜艳的 cute 可爱的 ancient 古老的 common 普通的 popular 受欢迎的 （三）生态、功能类动词 & 名词 pollination n. 授粉 pollen n. 花粉 ecosystem n. 生态系统 planet n. 星球；地球 land n. 陆地 store v. 储存 weigh v. 重达；称重 protect v. 保护 connect v. 联系；连接 communicate v. 交流 imagine v. 想象 disappoint v. 使失望 appear v. 出现 （四）文化 & 度量相关 symbol n. 象征 folding fan 折扇 instrument n. 乐器 height n. 高度 weight n. 重量 size n. 尺寸 ton n. 吨 kilometre n. 千米 （五）单词变形（最高级核心变形） 规则变化 一般直接加 - est：tall→tallest；fast→fastest e 结尾加 - st：large→largest；nice→nicest 重读闭音节辅元辅双写尾字母：big→biggest；thin→thinnest 辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 - est：heavy→heaviest；busy→busiest 多音节词前加 most：most beautiful；most useful；most popular 不规则变化 good/well — better — best much/many — more — most 名词后缀变形 act (v.) 行动→action (n.) 行动 good (adj.) 好的→goodness (n.) 美好 kind (adj.) 善良的→kindness (n.) 善良 connect (v.) 联系→connection (n.) 联系 important (adj.) 重要的→importance (n.) 重要性 popular (adj.) 受欢迎的→popularity (n.) 流行 三、单元核心短语 1. 最高级固定搭配 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 …… 中最…… 之一 the + 序数词 + 最高级 第几最…… among all… 在所有…… 之中 2. 竹子相关短语 Bamboo Sea 蜀南竹海 a symbol of goodness 美好品格的象征 fast-growing plants 生长迅速的植物 build houses 建造房屋 make tools and instruments 制作工具与乐器 eat bamboo shoots 吃竹笋 3. 蜜蜂生态短语 pollinate flowers 给花朵授粉 store honey 储存蜂蜜 dance to communicate 跳舞传递信息 play an important part in… 在…… 中起重要作用 80 per cent of plants 百分之八十的植物 4. 蓝鲸科普短语 weigh up to 200 tons 重达 200 吨 live up to 90 years 寿命长达 90 年 tiny sea animals 微小海洋生物 create a healthy ecosystem 构建健康生态系统 5. 环保通用短语 protect plants and animals 保护动植物 cannot live without… 离开…… 无法生存 drop in number 数量减少 on land and in water 在陆地与水中 四、单元重点句型 （一）最高级基础问答句型 What’s amazing about the blue whale?蓝鲸神奇之处在哪？ It’s the largest and heaviest animal in the world.它是世界上体型最大、最重的动物。 Which animal runs the fastest, lion, monkey or cheetah? 狮子、猴子、猎豹，哪种动物跑得最快？ （二）必考句型 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants.竹子是生长速度最快的植物之一。 Bees are one of the most important animals on the planet. 蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物之一。 The ginkgo is one of the most ancient living trees.银杏是现存最古老的树种之一。 （三）比较级 vs 最高级区分句 两者对比：比较级 + than The cheetah is faster than the blue whale. 三者及以上：the + 最高级 + in/among/of The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals. （四）作文万能拓展句 Plants and animals are closely connected with human beings. We can’t live without them.动植物与人类紧密相连，我们离开它们无法生存。 Bamboo stands for goodness in Chinese traditional culture and it is also the most useful plant.竹子在中国传统文化中象征美好，同时它也是实用性最强的植物。 Bees’ pollination helps most plants grow, so they keep the whole ecosystem balanced. 蜜蜂的授粉帮助绝大多数植物生长，维持整个生态平衡。 We should take action to protect wild animals and plants, or our earth will lose its beauty.我们应当行动起来保护野生动植物，否则地球会失去生机。 Every living thing plays its own important role on our planet. 每一种生物都在地球上承担着独特的重要作用。 五、单元核心语法：形容词与副词最高级 1. 语法总述 最高级用于三者及以上人 / 事物对比，表示 “最……”；结构必须加定冠词 the；搭配范围标志：in + 范围、among + 群体、of all。 2. 最高级变化规则 规则变化 一般词尾直接加 - est：tall→tallest；fast→fastest 以 e 结尾只加 - st：large→largest；nice→nicest 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅）双写末尾辅音再加 - est：big→biggest；hot→hottest “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，变 y 为 i 再加 - est：heavy→heaviest；busy→busiest 多音节形容词 / 副词、部分双音节词：前加 most beautiful → most beautiful；useful → most useful 不规则变化（必背） good / well → best many / much → most 3. 两大核心句式 主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级 + in/of/among… The redwood tree is the tallest tree in the world. 主语 + 实义动词 + (the) 副词最高级 + … The cheetah runs (the) fastest of all land animals. 经典结构：one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 one of the most amazing animals 最神奇的动物之一 4. 高频易错例句 This is the most colourful butterfly I have ever seen.（多音节形容词最高级） Among all fruits, peonies are the most beautiful. Bamboo grows the fastest in spring.（副词最高级） One of the heaviest animals on land is the elephant. 六、单元重难点精讲 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词：固定搭配，名词必须用复数 最高级前面通常加 the；副词最高级 the 可省略 区分 in 与 of 范围：in + 地点范围；of/among + 同类事物 weigh v. 重达；weight n. 重量；heavy adj. 重的 store 动词 “储存”，不可理解为 “商店” connect v. 联系；connection n. 关联；be connected with 与…… 相关 pollination 授粉，蜜蜂核心功能，是全文科普主线 a symbol of …… 的象征，文化类写作高频短语 七、单元话题作文模板 模板一 The Most Useful Plant — Bamboo The Most Useful Plant — Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most amazing and useful plants in the world. First, it is one of the fastest-growing plants. Some bamboo can grow nearly one metre every day. Second, it has deep cultural meaning in China. It is a symbol of goodness and often appears in Chinese paintings. What’s more, bamboo is the most practical plant. People build houses, make tools and musical instruments with it. We also eat delicious bamboo shoots. Bamboo is everywhere in our daily life. It teaches us to be strong and modest. I think bamboo is the greatest plant for people. 模板二 Bees — The Most Important Insects Bees — The Most Important Insects Many scientists say bees are the most important animals on our planet. Bees are hard-working. Their greatest job is pollination. They fly between flowers and carry pollen, which helps almost 80% of plants grow. Without bees, we would have no fruits, vegetables or honey. They are also one of the most interesting insects. They dance to tell partners where to find food and build neat honeycombs to store honey. Now the number of bees is getting smaller. We must protect them. We can’t live well without bees. 模板三 The Blue Whale The Blue Whale The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on Earth. It can weigh up to 200 tons, much heavier than any land animal. Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat tiny sea animals and can eat four tons of food every day. They can live as long as 90 years. When a blue whale dies in the sea, its body feeds lots of sea creatures for over a year and makes the ocean ecosystem healthy. Blue whales play a very important role in nature. We should stop polluting the sea and protect this amazing animal. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $