题型三 阅读还原 三、七选五-【真题分类卷】备战2026中考英语专题分类卷

三、七选五 Passage1(2025·连云港)【跨学科】 Cooking,the art and science of preparing food,is far more than daily housework.It's like a fun classroom where you can learn different subjects all at once!1. Science is everywhere in cooking.When you make bread,the yeast (eats sugar and makes bubbles of gas.2. When you cook meat and it turns brown and smells good,that's cool chemistry.Also,think about heating water,which shows how heat moves.It is all about physics. 3. You need to follow the instructions when you mix materials,like "adding 1/4 spoon of salt".Sometimes you have to make some changes to feed more or fewer people.That means doing math.Even buying the required materials with low cost teaches you math. Food has a lot of history.Pasta didn't start in Italy-it came from Asia long ago！Spices(香料)were once traded like gold,and this changed how countries talked to each other.4.In hot places, people grow more different foods than in cold places.Learning about these things helps you understand how the world works. Cooking is like a secret key that opens the door to learning many subjects.It's not just about making yummy food.5. Schools should teach cooking because it helps students see how everything in learning is connected！ A.Geography also matters. B.This is biology in action. C.Math helps a lot in the kitchen. D.Cooking avoids wasting money. E.It's also about becoming smarter in lots of ways. F.Some students often spend money buying ready-made food. G.The following will explain why cooking should be taught at school. Passage2(2025·济南) "What do you think I should do?"asks your friend,as she sits beside you,waiting for your advice.This is no easy situation.Say something your friend disagrees with or something helpless,and you might feel you've disappointed her. It's human nature to want to offer solutions when someone comes to you with a problem.It's also easy to fall into the trap of simply saying that“Everything will be OK”.l. But we often say that because we believe we need to say something.This is because we're glad that our friend has come to us for help,even if we don't really think we're able to give it.2. The answer is yes...if it's done in the right way. In fact,friends often really only want someone to listen to them. It's important to try to work out whether they're actually asking for advice,or simply wanting to talk over whatever is going round in their head.3. There's no harm in asking whether they'd like you to give suggestions.It's also important to be honest.If you're unable to think of a way to solve your friends'problem,just say so.Your friends won't feel upset,and you can still listen carefully and try to put yourself in their shoes.4.You can ask yourself "What would I do if I were to experience the same thing?"Later you can go back to your friends with a few helpful suggestions. 5. It can be hard to listen to your friends going over and over the same thing without being able to help them.They will certainly be thankful if you just allow them to "talk it out",though.Maybe they're building up courage to take action,and need to convince() themselves they're doing the right thing.Just being there for them may be all you have to do to make things better. A.Friendship is the most important to us. B.This is not actually useful for your friend. C.So is it a good idea to try to give advice at all? D.You can find someone else to ask for their ideas. E.Sometimes a problem doesn't go away overnight. F.Talking may make people feel better all by themselves. G.Then you can go away and try to think of something helpful. Passage3(2025·宿迁) Cycling is popular and enjoyable.It is not only a good way to keep healthy but also an action to protect the environment.1.Here are some tips on how to keep safe while cycling. 2. Before you start cycling,you need to examine the condition of your bike with care.For example,make sure that the brakes (work well and the chain()can turn with no problems. Use proper equipment. Wear a helmet.3. Before you start cycling,you should fasten(扣紧)your helmet.Wear bright and reflective(反光的)clothes on the road.Make sure your bike has lights.All these can greatly reduce the risk of being hurt. Follow traffic rules. You are required to follow the same traffic rules as drivers.4. For example,you should ride at a safe speed on the right side of the road,wait at the traffic lights and let passers-by go first. Stay focused(专注的). 5 If you chat with others when you are cycling,it can distract((使分心)you and put yourself at the risk of road accidents. By following these tips,you can enjoy cycling and stay safe at the same time.Always remember that safety comes first!Happy cycling! A.You need to buy a new hat. B.It is important to stay focused. C.Examine(检查)your bike with care. D.Remember that your helmet fits you well. E.Keep the traffic rules in mind all the time. F.However,sometimes it may be dangerous. G.You can do anything you want while cycling. Passage4(2025·苏州) Have you ever looked closely at the paper money from different countries?You will see more than numbers and colours.You will discover pictures of rivers,mountains,buildings and famous people. 1. They are like small lessons in culture,history and nature. Paper money isn't just for spending-it's also for learning. Let's start with China.2. 0nthe20 yuan note(纸币)， there is the Lijiang River in Guilin,with green mountains rising from calm waters.3. On the 5 yuan note,you'll find Mount Tai, one of the most famous mountains in China.A large number of poems were written in praise of it. 4. Switzerland's notes include mountains,rivers,and even wind patterns(☒案)！Canada's have snowy landscapes and maple (枫树)leaves.. These days,many people use phones or cards as a way to pay. But paper money still has its value-not only in money, but in meaning.You can hold it,look at it,and learn from it.It can be a tiny museum in your pocket. So next time you hold your paper money,take a second look. A.It's fast and easy. B.It's a lesson worth learning. C.Other countries do this too,in their own way. D.It's so beautiful that artists have painted it for centuries. E.The Chinese yuan is a perfect mix of nature and tradition. F.These pictures often show what each country finds important. G.Today's coins and paper money are nothing like early money. Passage5(2025·枣庄) Nowadays,more and more families choose road trips for their vacation.For one thing,a road trip allows you to see many places in one trip.For another,you can design your own trip according to what your family want to do and see.A great road trip can bring a great joy. First,you and your family have to work out the time.2. A shared free time will help you make sure everyone enjoys the trip. Once you've made sure,add the trip date to your calendars. 3. You can choose a place where your family members have always wanted to visit.Just be sure to choose a location() that gives you time to get there and back,and enjoy your visit.You should also leave enough time to make stops,enjoy meals and explore the places. Then,you can map out your trip.You can use online maps. 4. They can also offer you some advice on nearby sights, popular local restaurants as well as shopping malls.Make sure there's extra time to stop at places you see from the car. Last,have your car filled with water,snacks and first aid things. 5. For example,you can take some activity books or board games.With an iPad,you can enjoy a good movie with your family during the trip. With all the things above done,now you can hit the road and enjoy your wonderful journey! A.Next,you need to decide where to go. B.You can follow the maps without thinking. C.Discuss when you can take a trip and for how long. D.However,a successful one takes some careful planning. E.Besides,the more places you choose,the better your road trip can be. F.Let them know the places you want to visit and they'll plan lines for your trip. G.Also think about what to have with you to kill time and have fun on the way. Passage6(2025·大庆) Why do Fish Travel in Schools(群)？ Have you ever seen fish swimming together in a school?It's quite an amazing sight!They move together,turning and changing directions at the same time.It makes you wonder:1. In fact,the answer is no.Each fish finds its own direction.Researchers George Lauder from Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this for a long time.Now,they have discovered that fish can save a lot of energy by schooling. In the experiment,the two researchers put giant danio,a fish that likes to swim in schools,in a tank(水箱).2. Other times, they put just one fish in.As we all know,by measuring()how much 02 people use when exercising,we can know how much energy people use.The method also goes for fish.3. The results were interesting and clear.Schooling fish used less 02 than those swimming alone.And they took less time to become energetic again.4.The researchers repeated this experiment five times to make sure the results were right.By schooling,fish can save energy for other important things,says Frank Fish from West Chester University.5. For adults,they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them. So,next time you see fish swimming in schools,you'll know it's not just a beautiful sight-it's also a smart living skill for them. A.Why do they swim in a school? B.Is there someone directing them how to move? C.Adult fish in a school are not afraid of anything. D.In other words,they were full of energy in a shorter time. E.Sometimes,the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time. F.For example,young fish can put the saved energy into growth. G.So researchers used a special machine to measure how much 02 fish used when swimming. Passage7(2025·云南) Do you feel stressed(焦虑的)quite often?How do you deal with your stress?See a doctor?Perhaps you don't need to do that if you can get into nature.1. ◆Match your daily routine(日常生活)to the sun. 2. Wake up when the sun rises and rest when it sets. Besides,try to be bathed in sunshine on sunny mornings-sunlight gives you energy for the day!When the sun sets,take breaks from your work. ◆3. Find somewhere green to enjoy your time.You don't need a big forest!Any green place is all right-a garden,a park or even a tree near you.Spend 5 to 20 minutes relaxing or eating there every day. ◆Try“grounding”or“earthing”. “Grounding”or“earthing”means“going touch grass'”.There are healthy microbes(微生物)in the earth.4. When you are at a picnic outdoors,take off your shoes and put your feet in the grass. (Be careful not to step on anything painful!) Enjoy nature mindfully. Nature gives people long-term happiness.5. Walk into nature to watch the plants and wildlife.Or just close your eyes to feel the warmth of the sun on your skin.Breathe deeply and connect your mind with the beauty of nature. A.Spend time in green places. B.Go outdoors and keep working. C.You can stay away from nature. D.Live like a young plant following the sun. E.Here are some simple ways from our experts. F.These microbes are helpful to make your stress less. G.You can put away your phone and enjoy nature with all your mind. Passage8(2025·江西) Plastic pollution is a serious problem,and it's getting worse. Plastic can stay for a long time.Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly,but the best way for now is to use less plastic.1. Stop using plastic bags. Instead,take your own reusable shopping bag to the store.Every year,people use tons of plastic bags worldwide.Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.2. Say no to the straw(吸管). A study showed that around 8.3 billion plastic straws cover the world's beaches.So when you order a drink,say no to the straw,or bring your own reusable one. 3. Carry a reusable water bottle with you.Around the world,nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute.The problem is so bad that in some countries,stores aren't allowed to sell bottled water any more. Avoid plastic packaging(包装). 4. It's almost everywhere.But there is something you can do,too:avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic. Recycle what you can. You can't recycle all plastic things.5. For example,you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags.In some countries,machines take the bottles and give a little money back for each bottle. A.They are fresh. B.Don't buy bottled water. C.Bottled water is expensive. D.But it is possible to start small. E.Here are five tips that can help you. F.Other countries make customers pay for them. G.Most things you buy come in plastic packaging.物体上生长。此空承接与其他物体相关的内容。C 项“它们不会对它们附着的物体造成伤害。”符合 语境。 2.A【解析】根据上文“So,they should be placed near an east-or west-facing window,but not directly in front of it.”可知，此处说的是避免直接放在窗前的原因。A 项“阳光直射会灼伤植物的叶子。”符合语境。 3.F【解析】根据上文“In homes with average humidity levels,put air plants in room-temperature water once a week for30to60 minutes..”可知，本段谈论在不同湿度 的房间中，如何照顾空气植物。F项“在空气干燥的 家庭中，这个过程可以在需要时重复操作。”符合 语境。 4.E【解析】根据小标题“Feeding”可知，本段介绍施 肥方法。E项“空气植物可以用任何通用的室内植物 肥料喂养。”符合语境。 5.D【解析】根据下文“These can be separated into new plants once they grow to about one-third the size of the parent..”可知，新分支可以分离成新的植株。D项“然 而，空气植物产生新的分支，被称为‘幼株’。”符合 语境。 三、七选五 Passage1(2025·连云港) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了为什么学校应将烹饪纳入 教学内容。 1.G【解析】根据上文“It's like a fun classroom where you can learn different subjects all at once!”以及下文内 容可知，本文主要介绍了为什么学校应将烹饪纳入教 学内容。选项G“下面将解释为什么学校应该开设烹 饪课程。”符合语境。 2.B【解析】根据上文“When you make bread,the yeast eats sugar and makes bubbles of gas.”及生活常识可知， 此处介绍这种现象与学科的相关性。选项B“这是生 物学的实际应用。”符合语境。 3.C【解析】根据下文“You need to follow the instructions when you mix materials,like adding 1/4 spoon of salt’.”可知，此处是烹饪中数学的运用。选项C“数 学在厨房里很有用。”符合语境。 4.A【解析】根据下文“In hot places,.people grow more different foods than in cold places.Learning about these things helps you understand how the world works..”可知， 此处介绍了烹任和地理的关系。选项A“地理也很重 要。”符合语境。 5.E【解析】根据上文“It's not just about making yummy food.”可知，此处讲述烹饪所带来的益处。选项E“它 也能让人在很多方面变得更聪明。”符合语境。 Passage2(2025·济南) 【语篇解读】本文主要探讨当朋友寻求建议时如何有效 回应，强调倾听比直接给建议更重要。 3 1.B【解析】根据上文“It's also easy to fall into the trap of simply saying that‘Everything will be OK'.”可知， 上文提到“陷阱”，既然是陷阱，就说明这种回应存在 问题。选项B“这对你的朋友来说其实没有用。”符合 语境，与上下文衔接紧密。 2.C【解析】根据下文“The answer is yes...”可知，此 处应是“问句”，引出下文的回答。选项C“那么，尝试 给出建议到底是不是个好主意呢？”符合语境。 3.F【解析】根据上文“In fact,friends often really only want someone to listen to them..”可知，本段核心是“朋 友可能只需要有人听他们倾诉”。选项F“倾诉可能 会让人感觉更好。”符合语境，与段落主旨相符。 4.G【解析】根据上文“you can still listen carefully and try to put yourself in their shoes”和下文“Later you can go back to your friends with a few helpful suggestions." 可知，继续认真倾听并换位思考，下文提到之后再提 供有用的建议，说明中间稍作离开。选项G“然后你 就可以离开，试着想些有帮助的办法。”符合语境。 5.E【解析】根据下文“to listen to your friends going over and over the same thing”和“Maybe they're building up courage to take action,and need to convince themselves they're doing the right thing.”可知，“反复倾听”与“朋 友可能在积蓄勇气”都在说明问题可能持续存在。选 项E“有时候问题不会在一夜之间消失。”符合语境。 Passage3(2025·宿迁) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了骑自行车的好处，同时重，点 给出了几条骑行时保证安全的建议。 1.F【解析】空前提到骑自行车的好处，及空后引出安 全骑行的建议，选项F“然而，有时它可能是危险的。” 通过转折指出骑行存在危险，从而引出安全建议的必 要性，衔接上下文。 2.C解析】根据下文“examine the condition of your bike with care”可知，该段落围绕骑行前检查自行车展 开。选项C“仔细检查你的自行车。”作为小标题，符 合语境。 3.D【解析】根据上文“Wear a helmet.”和下文“Before you start cycling,you should fasten your helmet..”可知， 该段落提到佩戴头盔及扣紧头盔。选项D“记住你的 头盔要合适。”补充了佩戴头盔的注意事项，符合 语境。 4.E【解析】根据小标题“Follow traffic rules.”和上文 "You are required to follow the same traffic rules as drivers.”可知，该段落强调遵守交通规则。选项E“时 刻牢记交通规则。”进一步强调遵守规则的重要性，符 合语境。 5.B【解析】根据小标题“Stay focused..”以及下文“If you chat with others when you are cycling,it can distract you and put yourself at the risk of road accidents.”可知， 该段落围绕保持专注展开。选项B“保持专注是很重 7 要的。”总述保持专注的重要性，符合语境。 Passage4(2025·苏州) 【语篇解读】本文通过介绍各国纸币上的图案（如中国的 漓江、泰山，瑞士的山脉和河流等)，揭示了纸币不仅是交 易工具，更是承载文化、历史和自然价值的“口袋博物馆”， 并对比了现代电子支付的便捷性与纸币的独特意义。 1.F【解析】根据上下文内容可知，纸币图案反映了国 家的文化价值。选项F“这些图案常展示各国重视的 事物。”符合语境。 2.E【解析】根据上文“Let's start with China.”以及下 "On the 20 yuan note,there is the Lijiang River in Guilin,with green mountains rising from calm waters... On the 5 yuan note...A large number of poems were written in praise of it.”可知，此处说的是中国纸币中 自然与文化的结合。选项E“人民币是自然与传统的 完美融合。”符合总起句，引出下文。 3.D【解析】根据上文“On the20 uan note,there is the Lijiang River in Guilin,with green mountains rising from calm waters.”可知，此处与20元人民币上漓江的风 景有关。选项D“它如此美丽，几个世纪以来艺术家 为之作画。”符合语境。 4.C【解析】根据下文“Switzerland's notes.. Canada's..”可知，此处转向其他国家的纸币设计。 选项C“其他国家也以各自方式这样做。”承上启下， 符合语境。 5.A【解析】根据上文“These days,many people use phones or cards as a way to pay..”以及下文“But paper money still has its value-not only in money,but in meaning.”可知，此处是对比电子支付的优点。选项A “它快速且便捷。”直接点明原因，符合语境。 Passage5(2025·枣庄) 【语篇解读】本文详细介绍了如何规划一次成功的自 驾游。 l.D【解析】根据上文“A great road trip can bring a great joy.”可知，此处需要转折说明成功的自驾游需 要做准备。D选项“然而，一次成功的自驾游需要周 密的计划。”符合语境。 2.C【解析】根据上文“First,you and your family have to work out the time.”可知，此处需要具体说明如何安 排时间。C选项“讨论什么时候可以出行以及出行多 长时间。”符合语境。 3.A【解析】根据下文“You can choose a place where your family members have always wanted to visit..”可知， 此处需要引出目的地选择的话题。A选项“接下来， 你需要决定去哪里。”符合语境。 4.F【解析】根据上文“You can use online maps..”可 知，此处需要说明如何使用在线地图。F选项“让 它们知道你想去的地方，它们会为你规划好路 线。”符合语境。 5.G【解析】根据上文“Last,have your car filled with water,snacks and first aid things.”可知，此处需要补充 其他需要准备的物品。G选项“同时考虑带些什么来 消磨时间并让旅程充满乐趣。”符合语境。 Passage6(2025·大庆) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍鱼为何会成群游动。 1.B【解析】根据下文“n fact,the answer is no..”可知， 下文是对问题的直接回应。选项B“是否有人指挥它 们如何行动？”符合语境。 2.E【解析】根据上文“In the experiment,the two researchers put giant danio,a fish that likes to swim in schools,in a tank...Other times,they put just one fish in.”可知，这里与“其他时间只放一条鱼”形成对比。 选项E“有时，研究人员会一次性将八条鱼放入一个 水箱中。”符合语境。 3.G【解析】根据上文“通过测量人们在运动时消耗的 氧气量，我们就能知道他们消耗了多少能量。这种方 法同样适用于鱼类”可知，空格承接“如何测量鱼的氧 气消耗”。选项G“因此，研究人员使用了一台特殊的 仪器来测量鱼在游动时消耗的氧气量。”符合语境。 4.D【解析】根据上文“And they took less time to become energetic again.”可知，它们恢复精力所需的时 间也更短了。选项D“换句话说，它们在较短的时间 内就充满了活力。”符合语境。 5.F【解析】根据下文“For adults,they can use the saved energy to have babies or to stay away from animals that want to eat them.”可知，空格需说明“幼鱼”的例 子，形成“幼鱼VS成年鱼”的并列说明。选项F“例 如，幼鱼可以把储存的能量用于生长。”符合语境。 Passage7(2025·云南) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了一些简单的方法，帮助人们通过 亲近自然来缓解压力。 1.E【解析】根据上文“How do you deal with your stress?See a doctor?Perhaps you don't need to do that if you can get into nature.”以及下文可知，此处是引出下 文缓解压力的方法。选项E“这是我们专家给出的一 些简单方法。”符合语境。 2.D【解析】根据小标题“Match your daily routine to the sun.”以及下文“Wake up when the sun rises and rest when it sets.”可知，此处说的是要像植物一样跟 随太阳。选项D“像追随太阳的幼苗一样生活。”符合 语境。 3.A【解析】根据下文“Find somewhere green to enjoy your time.”可知，此处说的是要待在绿色的地方。选 项A“花时间待在绿色的地方。”符合语境。 4.F【解析】根据上文“There are healthy microbes in the earth.”以及下文“When you are at a picnic outdoors, take off your shoes and put your feet in the grass.”可知， 此处说的是地球上的微生物对人的好处。选项F“这 8 些微生物有助于减轻你的压力。”符合语境。 5.G【解析】根据上文“Nature gives people long-term happiness..”以及下文“Walk into nature to watch the plants and wildlife.”可知，此处说的是要全身心投入 大自然。选项G“你可以放下手机，全心全意地享受 大自然。”符合语境。 Passage8(2025·江西) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了减少塑料污染的五个实用 建议。 l.E【解析】根据上文“Scientists are trying to create plastic that breaks down quickly,but the best way for now is to use less plastic.”和下文给出的五个建议可 知，首段提出塑料污染问题后，需要过渡到具体建议。 选项E“以下是五个能帮助你的建议。”符合语境。 2.F【解析】根据上文“Some countries try to stop using plastic bags.”可知，一些国家试图停止使用塑料袋，故 可推测出，下文应补充其他国家采取的措施。选项F “其他国家让顾客付费购买塑料袋。”符合语境。 3.B【解析】根据下文“Carry a reusable water bottle with you.Around the world,nearly a million plastic bottles are thrown away every minute.”可知，下文提到“携带可 重复使用的水瓶”，且指出“每分钟有近百万塑料瓶被 丢弃”，因此空缺处应与“避免购买瓶装水”相关。选 项B“不要购买瓶装水。”符合语境。 4.G【解析】根据小标题“Avoid plastic packaging.”可 知，要避免使用塑料包装；再根据下文“It's almost everywhere.But there is something you can do,too: avoid fruit or vegetables packed in plastic.”可知，下文 举例“避免购买塑料包装的水果蔬菜”，因此空缺处需 说明塑料包装的普遍性。选项G“你购买的大多数东 西都有塑料包装。”符合语境。 5.D【解析】根据上文“You can't recycle all plastic things..”以及下文“For example,you can recycle bottles and milk or juice bags.”可知，上文提及并非所有塑料 都能回收，下文举例可回收瓶子和牛奶袋，因此空缺 处需体现“从小事做起”的转折。选项D“但可以从小 事做起。”符合语境。 题型四 语法填空 人与自我 子主题一家庭生活 Passage1(2025·河北) 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一个家庭通过“好事罐”记 录生活中的美好瞬间，帮助他们在困难时期保持积极心 态的故事。 1.to【解析】next to意为“紧挨着.”，是固定搭配。 2.recently【解析】根据空前“has happened”可知，此处 需要副词修饰动词，recent的副词形式是recently。 3 3.is called【解析】根据语境可知，这个罐子被称为“好 事罐”。空前“the jug'”和call之间是被动关系，故此 处用一般现在时的被动语态“is called”。 4.the【解析】at the end of意为“在…末尾”，是固定 搭配。 5.turns【解析】take turns to do sth.意为“轮流做某 事”，是固定搭配。 6.interesting【解析】句意：有些事很有趣，有些很严 肃，有些则给人希望。根据语境可知，此处需要形容 词作表语，interest的形容词形式是interesting,修 饰物。 7.months【解析】根据空前“twelve”可知，month需要 用复数形式months。 8.are【解析】根据空后“a few things”可知，谓语动词 用复数形式are。 9.and【解析】句意：吉姆和我与父母一起去露营。根 据语境可知，空前“Jim”和空后“I”是并列关系，用连 词and连接。 10.taught【解析】根据上文语境可知，句子时态是一 般过去时，teach的过去式是taught。. l1.thankful【解析】句意：我非常感谢父母的爱。be thankful to..意为“感谢…”，是固定搭配。 12.of【解析】be full of意为“充满…”，是固定搭配。 13.s【解析】句意：这些小纸条提醒我们，即使在困难 时期，我们也总可以期待好事发生。“remind”是动 词，后接宾语用代词宾格us。 l4.to create【解析】encourage sb.to do sth.意为“鼓励 某人做某事”，是固定搭配。 l5.will make【解析】根据下文“future life”可知，此处 用一般将来时，故填will make。 人与社会 子主题二志愿服务与公共服务 Passage2(2025·烟台) 【语篇解读】本文讲述了一个叫姜昭鹏的学生在去考试 的路上救助同学的故事。 1.but【解析】句意：上周六，来自烟台山东城市服务技 术学院的18岁医学生姜昭鹏面临着一场生死攸关的 考试一不是在考场，而是在出租车的后座上。 not.but意为“不是…而是”，为固定搭配。 2.was heading【解析】根据“At about8:10a.m.”可 知，此处描述的是过去某一时刻正在做的事情，要用 过去进行时：was/were doing,主语是Jiang,be动词要 用was。 3.dangerous【解析】此处要用形容词作定语修饰 condition。 4.skills【解析】此处泛指急救技能，要用可数名词skill “技能”的复数形式。 5.laid【解析】根据“Jiang took action at once”可知，本 句时态为一般过去时，动词lay“放平”要用过去式。 9