题型二 阅读理解 三、说明文-【真题分类卷】备战2026中考英语专题分类卷

三、说明文 人与自我 子主题一身心健康 Passage1(2025·淅江) Sun protection is more than just avoiding sunburn-it's about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer long.Here are some ways to protect yourself. l.Use sunscreen(防晒霜)properly Apply sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher 20-30 minutes before going outside.Don't forget to reapply every two hours,especially after swimming or sweating.Studies show that most people apply too little sunscreen,so using enough(about 1 teaspoon for the face)is key 2.Wear the right clothes Wear long sleeves,hats,and UV-protective sunglasses.Dark- colored clothes with tight weaves block more UV rays than light ones.A good pair of sunglasses not only protects your eyes but also prevents fine lines around the eyes caused by squinting(). 3.Seek shade during peak hours The sun is strongest from 10 a.m.to 4 p.m.Use natural shade from trees or create your own shade with umbrellas or tents. 4.Drink enough water Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort.When you sweat,your body loses water and salt,so drink lots of water even if you're not thirsty.You can also enjoy drinks like tea or fruit juice. By following these steps,you'll reduce the risk of skin damage. Then you can enjoy being outside without worry.Remember:healthy skin means feeling good! ()1.Sun protection can not only prevent sunburn but make us A.avoid sweating B.look young C.prevent allergies D.feel good ()2.What should you do to keep skin healthy during hot weather? A.Wear light-colored clothes. B.Drink lots of water. C.Avoid using sunglasses. D.Apply sunscreen once a day. ()3.【新考法·文章出处】This article is most likely taken from which section of a magazine? A.Health.B.Sports. C.Science.D.Travel. Passage2(2025·河南) Sunshine does make people happier.Imagine how cheerful you are when it clears up after long cold rainy days.Let's discover science behind sunlight. Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical(化学物 质)called serotonin(血清素).When you are exposed to sunlight, your body will make more serotonin.Higher levels of serotonin will keep you in good spirits.At night,when there is little or no light,your body produces another chemical-melatonin(褪黑激素).It helps your body relax and will make you feel tired,which can prepare you for a good night's sleep.You should keep a good balance between these two chemicals. However,for many people,it is hard to balance sunlight with darkness.People who stay indoors a lot may not get enough sunlight. The light in a house is usually about 100 times less than that outside on a sunny day.That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.They can get some exercise,enjoy the fresh air and be happy,all at the same time. There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter. People in those places are easier to get seasonal affective disorder (SAD).People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness.The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial(人工的)lights for some time.. The roles that sunshine plays in people's life are more than those above..For example,your body produces Vitamin D(维生素D)from sunlight,which is important for being healthy.In fact,there is more science about sunlight for you to discover.So next time,when you notice the sunshine on your shoulder,take a moment to think,"Why do we love sunshine?” （)l.Which of the following can take the place of“are exposed to” in the text? A.stay in B.care about C.dream of D.depend on ()2.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.What can help people to keep in good spirits. B.How light influences people through chemicals. C.Why melatonin can help people relax for a sleep. D.Which chemical is thought to be more important. （)3.【新考法·观点态度】Which of the following is an opinion （观点)according to the text? A.There are places where it gets dark for a long time in the winter. B.People who stay indoors a lot should get outside in the sunshine. C.The light in a house is usually less than that outside on a sunny day. D.People's bodies produce something called Vitamin D from sunlight. ()4.Jack is a person with SAD.How could he solve his problem according to the text? A.By staying indoors a lot. B.By taking in more fresh air. C.By doing some exercise. D.By using man-made lights. ()5.【新考法·行文目的】Why is the sentence“Why do we love sunshine?"written in the last paragraph? A.To encourage readers to learn more about sunlight. B.To advise readers to stay in houses for enough time. C.To expect readers to realize the importance of Vitamin D. D.To invite readers to walk into nature to enjoy the fresh air. 人与社会 子主题二体育运动 Passage3(2025·兰州) Surfing is a kind of water sport.Surfers use a surfboard to catch and ride the breaking waves. Surfing originated()in the Polynesian islands of Surfing the Pacific Ocean as well as West Africa and Peru.When Polynesians first went and lived in Hawaii about 1200 AD,they brought their love of surfing with them.Surfing was more than a sport to the early Hawaiians.It was an important part of their culture. Hawaiians carved (surfboards from the wood of special trees.The first boards were about 3 to 7 meters long and weighed more than50 kilos.After World War IⅡ，plastic foam(泡沬)board appeared and the shape improved.Today's surfboard is about 1.5 to 2.7 meters long and 11 to 26 kilos.It is light and flat,and a tail fin is fixed downside.Surfboards come in many different styles,including shortboards,longboards,and funboards. Surfing was brought to the Western world in the early 20th century.In recent years,surfing has become popular among Chinese young sports lovers.China set up its national surfing team in 2018.In March 2024,a 15-year-old girl called Yang Siqi,from Sichuan Province,became China's first Olympic surfer. Surfing is not only about riding waves but about connecting with the ocean and having fun.It's a sport that combines physical strength, balance and a love for the water.So,if you ever get the chance,give it a try! ()1.Surfing started in ①Peru ②West Africa 3the Polynesian islands of the Pacific Ocean A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.①②③ ()2.The first boards are and than today's. A.longer;wider B.wider;heavier C.longer;heavier D.thicker;longer ()3.What is true about Paragraph 4? A.Chinese are all interested in surfing now. B.China has set up its national surfing team for 10 years. C.Surfing didn't become popular in Western world until the 19th century. D.Yang Siqi was 15 years old when she became China's first Olympic surfer. ()4.【新考法·篇章结构】Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? P 回臣 卤四 ☒ 卤因 A. B. 回 ☑四西✉ 卤网 西 C. D. （)5.【新考法·写作对象】Who is the text mainly written for? A.Art lovers. B.Sports lovers. C.Cooking lovers. D.Book lovers. Passage4(2025·达州) Marathon pacers(马拉松配速员)，sometimes also called "rabbits",are usually great runners.There are usually between 10 and 15 pacers in a marathon.Each of them leads a different group.They run at a set race in their projected(t预定的)time.They usually hold a sign or a balloon with the time on it to help the runners finish the race. There are many reasons to run with a pacer.First of all,they can help you run at the right pace.If you go out too fast in the first half of the race,you can run out of energy quickly and slow down in the second half.Similarly,if you set out to run a slower first half and a faster second half,it can be hard to follow the pace in the end because you're very tired then.With a pacer,you don't have to think too hard about your pace.You just need to keep up with your pacer. Marathon pacers do more than that.They can encourage you to keep going when you go through the hardest part of the race.In fact, many marathon runners bring out the best in them by following a pacer. It's not easy to become a marathon pacer.You must have experience in running marathons and be able to pace a race correctly. ()1.How many marathon pacers are there possibly in a marathon? A.8.B.12. C.16. D.20. ()2.What can you see on a marathon pacer's sign or a balloon? A.The name. B.The speed. C.The time. D.The number of pacers. ()3.In the third paragraph,what does the underlined word "them" refer to? A.Runners.B.Pacers.C.Coaches. D.Rabbits ()4.Running with a pacer in a marathon has the following advantages EXCEPT that A.you must get the first prize B.you can run at the right pace C.you don't have to think too hard about your pace D.you can keep going when you go through the hardest part of the race （)5.What's the main idea of the passage？ A.Tell us the looks of marathon pacers. B.Tell us the future of marathon pacers. C.Tell us the hobbies of marathon pacers. D.Tell us the importance of marathon pacers. Passage5(2025·辽宁) We have many ways to get close to nature,such as dancing in the rain,stepping on fallen leaves or digging in the soil,but my favourite is walking barefoot(赤脚). Walking barefoot can be enjoyable and helpful.It can help us sleep better and feel rested in mind and body.It can also build our foot muscles()and improve our balance.According to Traditional Chinese Medicine,walking barefoot can be good for our health. When you want to try walking barefoot,there's no need to hurry. At first,walking barefoot for 10 minutes can be fine.After that,add 5 minutes every day until you can walk for 20 to 30 minutes.If your feet hurt,take a break or curtail the time. Walking barefoot,however,isn't always safe.People with health problems like flat feet or back pain should avoid this practice.What's more,walking barefoot in cold or wet environments might cause health problems.To make walking barefoot safe,remember the following points: Choose safe places,like soft grass or warm sand. Stay away from things like rocks or broken glass. Keep shoes at hand if you worry that your feet will get too sore. Listen to your body-stop if you feel pain or discomfort. Walking barefoot is a great way to feel connected with nature,but it's important to stay safe and consider your own health condition. ()1.Which of the following is the writer's favourite way to get close to nature? A.Dancing in the rain.B.Stepping on fallen leaves. C.Digging in the soil.D.Walking without shoes on. ）2.What does the underlined word“curtail”mean in Paragraph 3? A.Tell.B.Make. C.Value. D.Reduce. )3.According to the text,remember to when you are walking barefoot. A.try a cold surface B.practice on hard rocks C.find a safe place D.walk in wet environments ()4.What is the text mainly about? A.The introduction to health problems. B.The suggestions on outdoor activities. C.The information about walking barefoot. D.The effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine. 子主题三名胜古迹和游览体验 Passage6(2025·兰州) Every bridge is a symbol of the times.Most of them look similar, but there are great differences in the way they are built.Let's learn about bridges around the world. Cable-stayed bridge The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge(HZMB) is the longest sea-crossing bridge and a kind of cable-stayed bridge.It was opened in 2018.The construction()of the HZMB requires cutting-edge technology and careful planning.Its opening proves that humans are making miracles (奇迹)with great effort and wisdom. Drawbridge London Tower Bridge has been standing over the River Thames since 1894.The bridge is known for its bascule(桥梁板)，and this part can be raised to allow tall ships to pass through.From the top of the bridge,you can enjoy the beautiful views of the River Thames. Arch bridge One of the oldest arch (bridges is Zhaozhou Bridge in Hebei Province.It was built by Li Chun of Sui Dynasty about 1,400 years ago.There are two small arches at each side of the big arch.Usually, the river runs through the big arch.When there is a flood(洪水)，the river can also run through the four small ones.So today the bridge is still in use. Arches play an important part in bridges.They are used for spreading the weight they are carrying out.Why not make your own model arch?You just need some paper and a pair of scissors. 2Lay out all of the paper pieces like Steps: this.Make sure the large piece will be DCut out one large shape put in the central place of this arch as and six small shapes. it holds the whole arch together. +9 Try it,test it and make it better! )1.How many kinds of bridges are mentioned in the text? A.One. B.Two. C.Three.D.Four. ()2.What does the underlined word "cutting-edge"mean in Paragraph 2? A.High.B.Low. C.Simple.D.Old. ()3.How long has London Tower Bridge been standing over the River Thames? A.Over 1,400 years. B.Over 100 years. C.Less than 100 years. D.Less than 7 years. ()4.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer end the text? A.By telling a story. B.By listing numbers. C.By making a model arch. D.By introducing some bridges. （)5.【新考法·写作意图】What is the main purpose of writing this text? A.To tell readers the history of bridges. B.To show readers the views on bridges. C.To advise readers to enjoy and visit. D.To encourage readers to know and practise. Passage7(2025·咸海) Forty-eight hours in Hong Kong may sound like a short visit,but it will surprise you how much you can see and do.The best way to get the most out of your trip is to plan ahead of time. Hong Kong has a great public transportation system that is easy to use.The system is called the MTR,which includes the metro,trains and buses.You can get a card called the Octopus Card at a metro station and use it to travel around.Taxis are another way to get around Hong Kong.There are many taxis everywhere. On the first day,go up Victoria Peak.At the top of the mountain, you will see beautiful city views.Then have "dim sum"for lunch.Dim sum is made up of many different dishes.It is a great way to taste a little bit of everything.In the afternoon,take the Star Ferry from Hong Kong Island and cross Victoria Harbor to Kowloon.There are many markets in this area.Temple Market and Ladies Market are very popular.At 8:00 p.m.,join the crowd that is watching the Symphony (交响乐)of Lights,which is a fifteen-minute light show around Hong Kong's tall buildings. On the second day,spend your time shopping at one of Hong Kong's many malls,such as IFC or Times Square.You can also shop at smaller stores in Soho and Sheung Wan as well.Unlike the markets, the prices are set,so you cannot change them.After shopping,if you want to experience Hong Kong's nightlife,head to Lan Kwai Fong.If not,go back to your hotel for a good night's rest. With careful planning,you can do a lot in just two days in Hong Kong. ()1.What can we know from Paragraph 2? A.The taxi is a part of the MTR system. B.You can use the Octopus Card to take a taxi. C.It's convenient to travel around Hong Kong. ()2.According to the passage,where can you have a good look at the beautiful city,Hong Kong? A.From Kowloon. B.From Victoria Harbor. C.From the top of Victoria Peak. ()3.What does the writer advise us to do on the second day? A.To go shopping. B.To try the dim sum. C.To watch a light show. ()4.【新考法·句子猜词义】Which italic(斜体)word has the same meaning as“set”in Paragraph4? A.John lost a set of keys yesterday. B.The evening meal is set at six o'clock. C.The groups are set up to help poor people. ( )5.【新考法·写作意图】What is the purpose of this passage? A.To invite people to visit Hong Kong. B.To interest people to travel in Hong Kong C.To describe the beauty and culture in Hong Kong. 子主题四文化体验 Passage8(2025·重庆)【文化自信】 Tea has long been a popular drink in China.Chinese people love different kinds of tea.Among them,black tea and white tea from Fujian,green tea from Zhejiang and Anhui,and dark tea from Yunnan are some of the favorites. In the Song Dynasty(960-1279),tea culture reached new heights. The beauty of the Song tea came alive through "dian cha".Powdered (粉状的)tea was whisked(搅打)with water into soft“clouds”.White tea was often used to make the "clouds"as white as the moonlight.Tea artists used clean water to draw pictures on them with a teaspoon.The way of serving dian cha became a living art.It later influenced Japanese tea culture.Today,more young people are learning and passing it on. Yunnan's dark tea,especially Pu'er,got famous because of the Ancient Tea Horse Road.And it won popularity around the world.In 1976,Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu'er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop.In the same year,he visited Yunnan,bought nearly two tons,and began to sell "Yunnan Tuocha"in Europe.Since 1986,Yunnan's Pu'er tuocha has got many prizes at food expos( in France,America and other countries.Today you can see an old Australian lady holding a cup of tea of sun-dried Pu'er,though she still enjoys her English-style black tea with milk and sugar.Tea is a bridge of friendship among nations and peoples. Tea is enjoyed timelessly from ancient to modern times.Each cup of dian cha,white as the moonlight,turned tea into art,and art into eternity().Tea is also loved globally from the east to the west. Each cup of Pu'er,with the smell of sunshine,turns tea into friendship,and friendship into a shared future. ()1.What kind of tea was often used for dian cha according to the passage? A.Black tea.B.Green tea.C.Dark tea.D.White tea. ()2.When did Fred Kempler begin to sell "Yunnan Tuocha"in Europe? A.In1986.B.In1976.C.In1279.D.In960. ()3.【新考法·句子猜词义】Which sentence uses“globally” with the same meaning as the underlined word? globally /glaubali/adw.①全球地②全面地③总体而 言，整体地 A.Globally,our class did well in the English test. B.The Olympic Games bring people together globally. C.The story is globally interesting though some parts are slow. D.This math question needs you to consider the numbers globally. ()4.What is the best title for the passage? A.More Than a Drink B.Tea Trade in China C.Art in a Tea Cup D.Journey of Yunnan Tea Passage9(2025·扬州)【文化传承】 Have you ever wondered what else you can do on the train besides sleeping or scrolling through your phone?Actually,in China,trains have turned into centres which bring together the public and the nation's intangible cultural heritage(ICH,非物质文化遗产). Trains go across China and they are becoming ideal places for introducing local traditional culture.A good example is the K7041 train from Harbin to Mohe in Northeast China's Heilongjiang Province.On the ICH train,Gulayier,dressed in traditional clothes,sang Orogen folk songs and his partner played the Oroqen jaw harp,a musical instrument.Tourists on the train,especially those from southern China, sang and danced excitedly with the two performers(表演者)together. Gulayier said the train made it easier to hold tourists'attention to his shows.He thought the train was a good platform for promoting 进)ICH. Traditional heritage comes to life on trains.More ICH such as Qinhuai lanterns from Nanjing,Yulin puppet shows,and tea-picking operas in Guangxi have also made appearances on high-speed trains across China.It offers passengers a close-up way to experience traditional culture. Professor Xiao Fang from Beijing Normal University shares Gulayier's opinion on the new use of ICH trains.He has pointed out another advantage of this.Beyond cultural promotion,it offers help for tourism.When passengers enjoy local traditions on board,they often develop a deeper interest in exploring the places they pass through. However,the ICH train journeys still have challenges,including the narrow space on trains and passengers getting on and off at each station.Therefore,some solutions are coming up-cultural corners show traditional arts,and QR codes connect to more digital information.These help passengers to explore ICH at their own pace and continue learning after their journey ends. The success of ICH trains offers valuable lessons for cultural protection worldwide,proving that innovation()and tradition can work together to keep cultural heritage alive for future generations. ()1.What is the fresh experience for passengers on the K7041 train? A.Travelling farther north. B.Joining in live shows. C.Wearing traditional clothes. D.Having fun on the phone. ()2.What do Gulayier and Professor Xiao both agree? A.ICH encourages more local visits. B.Trains help make ICH more popular. C.ICH improves the Chinese train journeys. D.Passengers welcome performers on ICH trains ()3.What does Paragraph 5 mention about the ICH train journeys? A.Their features and influence. B.Their reasons and results. C.Their problems and methods. D.Their future and improvement. ()4.What can be the best title for the passage? A.Trains push China's cultural heritage further. B.China puts arms around local artists on ICH trains. C.More ICH trains begin running on railways in China. D.Train passengers share different local cultures of China. Passage10(2025·达州)【传统文化】 For centuries,lacquer fans()have been loved for their beauty.Today,we'll take a look at the story behind lacquer fans. Lacquer fans are special fans from China and their history dates back to the Han Dynasty.Later,lacquer fans became one of the top collections in the art world during the Tang Dynasty.Lacquer is a natural varnish (from the lacquer tree.It was first used for wooden objects to protect them from water and insects.Over time, workers began to use lacquer to make and decorate()fans. Lacquer fans are made with bamboo or wooden frames () Traditionally,they are painted with different themes and patterns( )such as flowers and birds,and people,to make them more beautiful.Although the ways of making fans continue to improve, workers still use traditional techniques()to create lacquer fans, keeping this ancient art alive. Nowadays,lacquer fan painting is one of the most popular activities among young people.The process is quite simple.People first choose the colors they want to use,drop the coloured lacquer into the water,stir()it,put the fans in the water for a while,and then take them out.And that's it. Many people like lacquer fans..Every fan is unique(独一无二 的)，like each of us. ()1.When did lacquer fans become one of the top collections in the art world? A.During the Han Dynasty. B.During the Tang Dynasty. C.During the Ming Dynasty. D.During the Qing Dynasty. ()2.According to the passage,what are the frames of the lacquer fans made of? A.Glass or plastic. B.Glass or wood. C.Bamboo or wood. D.Plastic or bamboo. ()3.【新考法·细节排序】What's the correct order of painting lacquer fans? a.Take them out. b.Choose the colors they want to use. c.Drop the coloured lacquer into the water,stir it. d.Put the fans in the water for a while. A.b→c→d→a B.c→d→a→b C.c→b→a→d D.b→a→c→d ()4.【新考法·文章出处】In which column(栏目)of the magazine can we find the text? A.Health.B.Sports.C.Art. D.Space. ()5.【新考法·篇章结构】What is the best structure of this passage?(①=Paragraph 1.②=Paragraph2.…） ①②③④ ①②③④ ⑤ ⑤ A. B. ① ②③④ ②③④⑤ C. D Passage11(2025·南充)【文化自信】 Which book is your favorite one?Many people may choose Journey to the West.Now the book breathes new life into ancient buildings. China's video game Black Myth:Wukong uses 3D scanning technology to recreate Chinese wonderful old buildings.This method not only reduced costs but also provided players with a new look into the beauty of Chinese culture. Liu Xiaoyu,a player from Beijing,expressed admiration for the game's high quality and its lively description of ancient buildings."The historical buildings in the game are so well-mixed with the storyline.I'm planning to visit the filming locations soon to experience the cultural heritage first-hand,"Liu said. China is home to a large number of well-protected ancient buildings.Known as the "treasure of ancient Chinese buildings", Shanxi has 531 nationally protected cultural heritage sites,near 10.5 percent of the country's total-the highest in China.Black Myth: Wukong covers 36 filming locations,with 27 of them located in Shanxi. One such location is the Xiaoxitian Temple where tourists go to the rather beautiful Daxiong Hall,a 100-square-meter building with an amazing4O0-year-old sculptures(雕塑). "The ancient buildings are there,and once you see them,you'll fall in love with them,and discover the beauty of Chinese culture," said Yang Qi,the game's art director."What we do is simply to make players embrace it through the game. Besides the buildings,the game also shows people the traditional Chinese clothing styles,Chinese landscape and Chinese paintings as well.Through Black Myth:Wukong,eastern beauty shines,offering players an opportunity to admire traditional culture and modern technology at the same time. ()1.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer introduce the topic? A.By giving a suggestion.B.By raising a question C.By listing numbers.D.By using a saying. ()2.Why does Liu want to visit the filming locations? A.To describe the storyline of the game. B.To recreate the old buildings. C.To explore the culture personally. D.To watch the high-quality film. ()3.What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A.The cost of protecting the cultural heritage in Shanxi is the highest in China. B.The tourists visit the Daxiong Hall rather than the Xiaoxitian Temple. C.The game has made every effort to protect the ancient buildings in Shanxi. D.The effect of Shanxi's ancient buildings on the game is great. ()4.What does the underlined word "embrace"mean in Paragraph 4? A.Change.B.Accept.C.Produce.D.Forget. ()5.【新考法·写作意图】What is the writer's purpose in writing the text? A.To tell the rebirth of the ancient buildings through a game. B.To encourage people to protect the ancient buildings. C.To recommend a book-Journey to the West to players. D.To discuss how different Chinese cultural heritage is. Passage12(2025·内蒙古) The Changjiang River,also known as the Yangtze River,is one of the longest rivers in the world.It is important to the Chinese people and is often called the "mother river".It is not just a natural wonder-it is also a symbol of the Chinese nation. Nowadays,the Yangtze River National Cultural Park comes into view.How to protect Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze River. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park,which is also an important "National Park"project,goes across 13 provinces with 841 national-level intangible cultural heritage projects,465 historical and cultural cities,towns,and villages,as well as 91 national-level museums..It expresses China's traditional,revolutionary(革命的)， and socialist advanced cultures. With over 2,200 years'history,Jiujiang plays an important part in the Yangtze River National Cultural Park.To protect Yangtze River culture,Jiujiang creates the "Most Beautiful Yangtze River Bank". Jiujiang makes it possible that the park not only protects cultural heritage but also further improves the quality of people's life there.The park turns Jiujiang into a place where visitors can learn more about historical stories and enjoy natural beauty.It also helps local communities by creating jobs in tourism. The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project carries great meaning for the Chinese nation.The project is based on the rich cultural resources ()The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many fields such as water resources protection, social development and educational programs for students.It draws a new painting and shows harmony (between nature,the people and the cities. ()1.What is the new task for the places near the Yangtze River? A.Calling on more people to pay a visit to the Yangtze River. B.Setting a good example for other cultural parks in the country. C.Protecting the Yangtze River culture and improving cultural confidence. ()2.【新考法·行文目的】What's the purpose of listing numbers in Paragraph 3? A.To compare different cultural parks. B.To stress the influence of the project. C.To ask for protecting the environment. ()3.What does the underlined word "it"in the last paragraph refer to? A.The culture. B.The project. C.The history. ()4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.The Cultural Development of Jiujiang B.The Long History of the Yangtze River C.The Yangtze River National Cultural Par 子主题五科学技术改变生活 Passage13(2025·重庆)【社会热点】 “Wow！Look at that！Isn't it a real fish?”The bionic(仿生)fish, named "Jinlin",was swimming lively like a real one.It was developed by researchers at Shanghai Ocean University.This invention isn't just for fun-it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems.That is a science called bionics. Over millions of years,animals and plants have developed smart ways to survive.For example,kingfishers are experts at moving fast between air and water with very little noise.Through their study, scientists discovered that the birds'long beaks (enabled this ability.Then they used the knowledge to change the front of the high- speed train.This change cut down noise level,increased speed by 10% and greatly saved energy.This combination (of biology and engineering is the key to success in bionics.And it has set the stage for the rise of other new technologies. Driven by robotics and Al,bionics has ))signal 信号 grown rapidly.The AI-powered bionic fish “Jinlin”can be used for environmental sensor protection and deep sea exploration.In ⊙传感器 medicine,bionic arms can work similarly to motor real arms.Sensors allow the user to "feel"touch and pressure.Motors help the bionic arms make movements,like human muscles.With AI, the bionic arms are able to "learn"new tasks and become smarter over time.These inventions are examples to show how bionics bridges biology and new technologies to solve humans'problems Although so much progress has been made,bionics faces challenges.Nature's designs are hard to copy perfectly.As for bionic arms,one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface(脑机接 )More work on direct communication between the brain and bionic arms is required to control movements as naturally as real arms. Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves. While there's still a long way to go,the future of bionics is full of possibilities.Stay hungry.Stay foolish.Maybe you'll be the next one to change the world！ ()1.【新考法·行文目的】Why does the writer mention“Jinlin” at the beginning of the passage? A.To suggest some new ideas. B.To lead into the topic of bionics. C.To explain the habits of fish. D.To show the importance of bionics. ()2.What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A.Robotics and AI have developed fast because of bionics. B.The bionic fish "Jinlin"is used for medical purposes. C.Motors allow the bionic arms to make movements. D.Sensors help bionic arms learn new tasks over time. ()3.According to Paragraph 4,how would scientists make bionic arms more like real ones? DBy connecting motors with smart phones. 2By developing new materials and structures. 3By improving Brain-Computer Interface. 4By changing the shape and look of bionic arms. A.①②B.②③C.①④ D.③④ ()4.Which of the following shows the use of bionics? A.Drawing a picture of birds by watching real birds. B.Building a house with natural materials like wood. C.Designing a camera by copying some insects'eyes. D.Learning to dance by studying monkeys'movements. Passage14(2025·眉山) There is no doubt that the world will be a very different place in 2045.So what's going to happen then?It's pretty likely that robots and AI technology will change a lot of industries.Also,self-driving and flying cars will come into our daily life,bringing us much convenience. However,scientists have even bigger ideas.In a video series called Forward to the Future,three researchers predicted what they imagined would be reality in 2045. Dr.Justin Sanchez believes we'll be at a point where we can control things simply by using our mind."Imagine a world where you could just use your thoughts to control your environment,Justin said.According to him,experts are working on certain technologies that can make this happen.They've made some progress already. The future has more than just that.Many other exciting things could change the building and other objects around us,says Stefanie Tompkins."We'll be able to build things that are very strong but also lightweight(轻量型的).We don't even know the materials around us,”she predicted. Pam Melroy believes we're going to find that we have a very different relationship with the machines around us."I think we'll begin to see a time when we're able to control a machine just by pressing a button(按钮)or only saying some simple words,”she said.For example,right now to land a plane safely,a pilot has to go through many steps in the right order.But in 2045,in Pam's words,a pilot may just need to say the words "prepare for landing".Then the computer knows the steps it needs to take.Or perhaps,with AI,a pilot won't even be necessary. ()1.What does the underlined word "this"refer to in Paragraph 3? A.Making progress in AI technology. B.Driving flying cars in our daily life C.Controlling things by using our mind. D.Using robots in different industries. ()2.Which of the following would be possible according to Stefanie? A.AI helps pilots to land planes. B.Computers operate all machines. C.Self-driving cars travel around us. D.Houses are strong but lightweight. ()3.Which is the best title for the passage? A.Challenges for AI in the Future B.Experts'Predictions of Life in 2045 C.Famous Scientists in New Technologies D.New Kinds of Building Materials （)4.【新考法·文章出处】n which part of a newspaper can we read this passage? A.Health Lifestyle. B.Education Culture. C.Nature Environment.D.Science Technology. 子主题六人类发明与创新 Passage15(2025·苏州)【社会热点】 A medical breakthrough in China is giving new hope to people with spinal cord injuries(脊髓损伤).Scientists have created a brain--spinal chip(芯片)that allows paralyzed(瘫痪的)patients to move their legs,. and even walk again. The chip,only 1 mm wide,is designed to be fitted into the brain and spinal cord.If the natural communication between the brain and muscles is lost,this chip becomes the bridge.When the chips work, they create a direct connection between the brain and muscles. The results have been amazing.A 34-year-old man,paralyzed after a fall,could move his legs just one day after the operation on January 8,2025.Two weeks later,he walked five meters with help. Three other patients had similar operations in February and March,all getting better within weeks.Even though the patients'nervous systems were damaged(受损)，the chips helped them walk again..This marks a big step in China's progress in medical science and it brings hope for over 3.7 million people in China. "This is just the beginning,"Jia,the lead researcher,says. "With the technology,these people may one day leave wheelchairs behind after 3 to 5 years of training." Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking.It took the researchers over 10 years to develop the chip.They tested it on animals first,and then on people.They faced many challenges,yet they never gave up.Step by step,they developed a system to reconnect the mind and body in ways once appearing only in science fiction. As the chip continues to improve,it lights a new path forward-one built on science,shaped by care,and aimed toward a brighter future. ()1.What do we know about the chips mentioned in the passage? A.They are only as wide as 2 mm. B.They are fitted into the man's arms. C.They help the patients walk again. D.They improve the patients'memory. ()2.【新考法·词典猜词义】Which of the following meanings is suitable for the underlined word“bold”? bold /bauld/adj. 1.PERSON/ACTION not afraid of taking risks and making difficult decisions: He had the ability to take bold imaginative decisions. 2.COLOURS/SHAPES very strong or bright so that you notice them: Stripes are bold,bright,and fun to wear. 3.LINES/WRITING written or drawn in a very clear way: The print should be bold and easy to read. 4.PRINTED LETTERS printed in letters that are darker and thicker than ordinary printed letters: All the headings are in bold type. From the dictionary) A.1. B.2. C.3. D.4. ()3.【新考法·写作意图】What is the writer's main reason for writing this passage? A.To recommend a science story. B.To report a pioneer doctor in medicine. C.To compare different treatments. D.To introduce a new medical success. ()4.What would be the best title of this passage? A.China's Chips Bring New Hope B.Future of China's Medical Science C.Science Fiction Changes Our Lives D.Challenges for Chinese Scientists Passage16(2025·临沂)【社会热点】 Nowadays,there are many great inventions around us.They make our lives better in amazing ways.One of them is called“Tianmouc”一the world's first smart chip that works like our eyes and brains.A team from Tsinghua University made it! Tianmouc gets an idea by how our human eyes and brains work together.First,our eyes see things around us.Then,our brains understand them.Tianmouc does something similar!It uses special sensors to break down what it sees into tiny parts.Then,Tianmouc puts them together in two ways.One is by seeing colors and details clearly as if we read a book.The other is by reacting()to sudden changes quickly,just like we catch a ball. Tianmouc is really powerful.It can do things that traditional chips can't.For example,it's able to collect what it sees at a very high speed of 10,000 frames()per second.In some ways,it sees things more exactly than our eyes.The chip can work well in different light conditions-no matter how bright or dark the light is.All of these are achieved with very little power or energy. Tianmouc has a big influence on our daily life.For self-driving cars,they need to "see"the road clearly and react quickly to any danger.Tianmouc can notice sudden changes quickly,like a child running across the road or a car suddenly cutting in.For the cameras, they will react faster by catching any unusual movement in the future. Inventions like Tianmouc show how creative the humans can be! They are making our lives more convenient and safer.Who knows what amazing inventions we'll see next? ()1.What do we know about“Tianmouc'”? A.It's a new type of cameras that can react faster. B.It's a special sensor for self-driving cars to see and react quickly. C.It's the world's first smart chip working like human eyes and brains. ()2.From Paragraph 2,we know A.how Tianmouc works B.how Tianmouc helps us C.what makes Tianmouc special ()3.What does the writer mean by asking "Who knows what amazing inventions we'll see next?"? A.The writer doubts if there will be new inventions. B.The writer believes more amazing inventions will appear. C.The writer thinks inventions will mainly make cars faster. ()4.【新考法·文章出处】Where is the passage probably from? A.A travel ad. B.A health guide. C.A science magazine. Passage17(2025·潍坊)【社会热点】 Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot "guide dog"to help blind people.The robot dog is about the size of an English bulldog but a little wider.It has six legs instead of four.The extra legs make it more stable and help it move faster. The robot is being tested in Shanghai.With the help of cameras and AI,the robot dog can see,listen and speak with blind people.It can help them during daily trips outside and be a "friend"at home. Blind people can also use a cane()to control the robot's walking and running speed.The robot can even recognize the traffic lights-real guide dogs are unable to do that. Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot.Li is totally blind and Zhu can only see a little.Zhu often uses a cane to move around. "The robot dog will make it easier to get into public places than with real guide dogs.I am happy to join in the test.It could change our lives in the near future,Li said. In China,there are about 17.31 million blind people,but there are only about 400 guide dogs.The new robot is trying to solve this problem."We believe our robot will act as 'a pair of eyes'for blind people,"said Professor Gao Peng,one of the scientists.He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs. ()1.Why do scientists develop the robot dog? A.To help blind people. B.To improve AI technology. C.To beat the British bulldog. D.To create a six-legged machine. ()2.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A.How the robot dog works. B.Where the robot dog can go. C.What the robot dog can do. D.When the robot dog comes out. ()3.How does Li Fei help develop the robot dog? A.He designs it. B.He helps test it. C.He brings it into public places. D.He controls it with a cane. ()4.【新考法·观点态度】What is Professor Gao Peng's opinion about the robot dog? A.It can treat blindness B.It costs a lot of money. C.It has taken the place of real guide dogs. D.It will have a large amount of customers. Passage18(2025·广元)【社会热点】 DeepSeek-R1,a new AI model()developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek,has rocked the AI industry around the world.Open to the public on Jan.20,it quickly beat OpenAI's ChatGPT and topped the Apple's App Store by Jan.27. According to DeepSeek,in tasks like math and natural language reasoning,the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAl.But it's much cheaper and uses much less computing power.The report on its earlier V3 model showed that DeepSeek is the least expensive among large language models.It costs about 5.57 million US dollars about 40.58 million yuan)to make it. Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in Rl's training.Different from traditional methods such as CoT(思维链)and SFT(监督微调)，DeepSeek uses RL(强化学习)as the main training method.While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data(数据)，R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way,making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. The AI industry's development has long depended on making computing power bigger."By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure,DeepSeek may change the AI field,pointed out the US bank Morgan Stanley."Bigger is no longer always smarter, said the bank. What's more,DeepSeek-R1 is open-source.Everyone is free to the model's code(代码)and makes changes to suit their own needs.“We won't choose closed-source,"said Liang Wenfeng,the founder of DeepSeek.He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge, building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology."That is the power of open research,Meta's chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. ()1.What is the great advantage of DeepSeek-R1? A.It's totally new. B.It's at the top of App Store list. C.It's much cheaper than other models. D.It's developed by a Chinese company. (）2.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer develop Paragraph 3? A.By listing numbers.B.By comparing. C.By giving examples.D.By giving reasons. ()3.How will DeepSeek change the AI field according to the bank Morgan Stanley? A.By making computing power bigger. B.By developing reasoning skills in a natural way. C.By sharing knowledge and building a healthy field. D.By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure. （)4.What does the underlined word“highlights”in the last paragraph mean? A.强调 B.标记 C.亮点 D.挑染 ()5.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.OpenAI:A Competitor of DeepSeek B.DeepSeek-R1:Rocking the AI World C.DeepSeek:Changing the Way We Think D.AI Model:A Great Change to the World 人与自然 子主题七热爱并善待生命 Passage19(2025·淅江) Plains wanderers are small,rare birds that live in grasslands. Unlike most birds,female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males.Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from animals like foxes,while males often sit on the eggs to keep them warm.These birds are hard to find because their feathers blend into the grass,making them look like part of the landscape.Sadly,their numbers have been dropping because people are taking over their grassland homes for farms and cities. To save them,scientists are using AI.The key is the birds'calls. Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger.These calls are quiet and easy to miss,but AI can hear them clearly.Scientists put microphones in the grasslands to record sounds all day and night.Then they put these recordings into a computer program.The AI learns to tell the wanderers'calls apart from other noises,like the wind blowing or insects chirping.This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have. "AI helps us monitor these birds without bothering them,says Dr.Lee,who leads the project."We can find the most important areas for them and work to protect those places."Once,the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby birds.Without AI,they might not have found it.Thanks to this technology,there is new hope for these rare birds,showing that AI can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife. ()1.What do we know about plains wanderers? A.Males are larger than females. B.They are easy to find in grasslands. C.Mother birds are bigger and protect babies. D.They are common in many habitats. ()2.The underlined word "monitor"in the last paragraph probably means“ ” A.see B.catch C.feed D.follow ()3.How do scientists use AI to find plains wanderers? A.By taking photos of their nests. B.By tracking their flying paths. C.By counting eggs in the grass. D.By analyzing calls from mother birds ()4.What is the passage mainly about? A.Why plains wanderers are rare B.How mother wanderers protect their chicks. C.What AI can do in daily life. D.How scientists use AI to protect plains wanderers. Passage20(2025·福建) Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral corals(珊瑚)凡 reefs colored by some algae that live with corals.Corals usually provide nitrogen ( algae(海藻) to algae,and in return they get carbon(碳)， which gives them energy. In the early 1980s,a huge heat wave turned more than90 percent of these corals a coral reefs(珊瑚礁) pale,lifeless white.And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030.Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016,but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn't influence the reefs as badly as the first.Maybe corals have found a way to adapt(). Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals,for it makes them easily hurt by the changing climate.But corals are able to adapt.Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat.Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to "fan"away too much harmful oxygen(02)let out by stressed-out algae.Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms(新陈代谢)in order to fight the warming waters.But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree. After studying and understanding these adaptations,scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight.If researchers can make corals accept algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes (that can deal with heat pressure,it will raise the corals'chance of living through future ocean heat waves. "When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colorful corals,I feel this pleasure of being in this underwater world,"a famous biologist says."It will be really sad to see it dead.But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight." ()1.What can we know from Paragraph 1? A.Corals make algae more colorful. B.Algae provide room for corals to live in. C.Corals and algae depend on each other. D.Algae produce nitrogen to influence corals. （)2.【新考法·数词指代】What does the underlined part“the first"in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.The heat wave in the early 1980s. B.The heat wave in the late 1990s. C.The Pacific waters in 2015-2016. D.The reefs'disappearance by 2030. ()3.What difficulty do corals face? A.They cannot completely adapt to heat waves. B.They cannot change their own metabolisms. C.They have no ability to swim to cooler waters. D.They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen. ()4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.It's necessary to live with corals. B.The ocean has become unhealthy. C.We should try our best to save corals. D.Making a study of the ocean is a must. ()5.Which would be the best title for the text? A.Corals Die Out B.Corals Fight Back C.Corals Break Down D.Corals Come into Being Passage21(2025·扬州) Many marine species(海洋物种)depend on specific routes to migrate().The routes offer these seafaring travellers the right conditions,at the right time of year,to guide them through the oceans.We humans try to discover the routes and have drawn our own lines,but they are not clear to us because of unexpected changes in nature. To find out the routes that migratory marine species regularly take,a research team of scientists in Australia and the US have now created an interactive map that shows the paths connecting ocean habitats(栖息地). The new map,named the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MiCO),collects data and makes it easier for scientists to see where migratory marine species may be falling into the paths.The database (数据库)includes information on 109 species,based on around30 years of data,and shows where they are going to and from-including which species cross into whose national waters. "MiCO connects almost 2,000 important habitats and shows the importance of cross-boundary teamwork,says the research team.They find that all of the species recorded in MiCO have less protection at some point in their life history because of different situations in different countries.That means no country is able to fully protect migratory species if there is no help from others."For example,green turtles nest in Costa Rica and migrate north through Nicaragua and out to islands in the Caribbean,"the team says."Although largely protected in Costa Rica,it is allowed to fish for turtles in Nicaragua and huge numbers are lost off the coast there every year." MiCO works to provide useful knowledge on migratory connectivity to help protect marine species.In 2023,a UN report found climate( changes are having bad influence on migratory species.MiCO catches the information from different time periods and the team hopes it may be used to tell those changes in connectivity.MiCo is also expected to collect information on more migratory marine species because there is less than one-third of data collected now. "So far,the migratory information revealed within the MicO system only touches the surface of the true connectivity of the global oceans,the team says. ()l.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer lead in the topic? A.By offering advice. B.By presenting study results. C.By expressing opinions. D.By giving background information. ()2.What is MiCO? A.A map that humans draw to look for marine species. B.A route which guides marine species through the oceans. C.A database that shows the lines marine species migrate along. D.A system which scientists use for researches on temperature changes. ()3.【新考法·行文目的】Why does the writer take the example of green turtles? A.To prove the harm in fishing for migratory species. B.To show the importance of cross-country teamwork. C.To share the methods of marine species protection. D.To explain the reason for marine species to migrate. ()4.Which of the following can be the data MiCo collects? A.Over 10 laws are made on marine species protection. B.There are mainly 3 elephant species living on the earth. C.Leatherback turtles travel about 20,000 km from Indonesia to Oregon. D.Thousands of people visit the whale shark habitat in South Africa every year. Passage22(2025·遂宁) In science museums,you usually see animal specimens() lying silently.Now they are not quiet anymore.Thanks to Al,visitors to a museum in England can talk to them now. The museum works with an AI company so that it is possible for people and the natural world to communicate with each other.It brings 13 of its specimens back to life. Visitors only need to use their smartphones to scan the OR codes (二维码)next to the specimens to begin talking with them-一either by text or voice.The animals will reply as if they're still alive. This is a new way for people to learn about animals.The museum wants to see how this can help people connect with nature better. "This is just a try using AI technology in nature science.Will it help people know more about the specimen animals?Will it influence people's opinions about them?For example,will people like the mouse better after hearing its voice?We are not sure,"said Jack Ashby,a worker of the museum. And you don't have to speak English,by the way-the animals are multilingual.So no matter what languages you speak,the animals can talk to you in a way that's easy for you to understand. The project engineers hope to make people care more about the biodiversity crisis(生物多样性危机).According to the most recent research,wildlife populations dropped by 69%between 1970 and 2018.And animals are dying out at a faster speed. Let's hope the new technology will be both fun and helpful. )1.What does AI do in the science museum? A.It helps the animals to live longer. B.It helps the museum to make more money. C.It helps visitors to talk with the specimens. D.It helps the scientists to make specimens. )2.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer express his opinion in Paragraph 5? A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing facts. C.By explaining reasons. D.By asking questions. ()3.What does the underlined sentence "the animals are multilingual" mean in Paragraph 6? A.The animals can't speak any languages. B.The animals can speak only one language. C.The animals can speak two languages. D.The animals can speak several different languages. ()4.Why does the museum work with the AI company? A.Because the museum hopes to make the number of animals increase. B.Because the museum wishes visitors to learn more about animals. C.Because the museum would like to help visitors communicate with each other. D.Because the museum wants to teach visitors how to use smartphones in the museum. ()5.What does the writer hope new technology will be like? A.Interesting and useful.B.Cheap and smart. C.Smooth and safe. D.Convenient and fast. 子主题八热爱与敬畏自然 Passage23(2025·枣庄)【社会热点】 What's the hottest social activity this spring?For many young people in China,it's going foraging with friends. Going foraging is like a treasure hunt.It is a simple activity with a lot of fun!It does not need expensive tools.With just a pair of scissors, a basket and some bags,you can have fun in nature.You look around in places like forests and lakes to find different kinds of plants that you can eat. Going foraging is a new way for young people to connect with nature.They can spend many relaxing hours walking around in the wild."Being in nature takes my stress away and I feel full of energy again,"said Lin Shan,a student from Beijing.To avoid eating "dangerous"plants,they have to do some research on different kinds of plants before foraging.This way,they know more about plants. Young people also get connected with others by foraging.On the online lifestyle sharing platform,the topic "digging wild vegetables" has over 200 million views.Over 890,000 users share their own "wild vegetable maps"with others.Young people from Beijing,Shanghai and Hangzhou even team up for group adventures. What's more,working hard to get plants makes them feel happy and sweet.They can also have fresh and healthy food for dinner at home! "Going foraging for wild vegetables may be dangerous,"said Shi Jun,a plant biology expert in China."But for many,the real value of this activity is the joy it brings and the deep connection with nature." ()1.What does the underlined part "going foraging"in Paragraph 1 mean? A.Searching for wild vegetables and digging them. B.Looking for lakes and forests and protecting them. C.Hunting for treasures in the wild and keeping them. D.Enjoying yourself in nature and having a rest. ()2.【新考法·观点态度】What does the writer think of going foraging? A.He/She doesn't care about it. B.He/She thinks it dangerous. C.He/She likes it. D.He/She hates it. ()3.What's the best title for this passage? A.The Advantages of Going Foraging B.Different Ways of Going Foraging C.Rules to Follow while Going Foraging D.Eat Healthily by Going Foraging 子主题九环保意识和行为 Passage24(2025·北京) Imagine a robot.What comes to your mind first?A machine stronger than the human body?However,this same quality is now causing a big problem-it's creating tons of long-lasting e-waste that could flood our planet.What if,instead,the machines we use were designed to break down and disappear-just as living things do? For a study published in Science Advances,researchers made a robotic arm and a controller using materials from animals and plants. These materials are strong enough to work but can easily break down in a natural environment.After testing,both parts were gone in soil within weeks. Biodegradable(可生物降解的)robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics,which takes ideas from nature."This field started in materials science and chemistry rather than traditional robots that come from mechanical(机械的)engineering,”says Florian Hartmann,a materials scientist from Germany.However,many early soft robotics models still used man-made materials that cause pollution. Wei,a scientist who studies natural materials in Hangzhou, worked together with his friend Zhang,a robotics engineer in Shanghai, to build robots for the new study.They started with cellulose(纤维素) taken from cotton.Then,they added glycerol()to make a new material that is soft and easy to change shapes.After that they allowed it to dry so it became strong,"Cellulose is cheap and easy to work with,"says Wei.They found that the controller and the robotic arm stood up to both heavy use and a week of inactivity.Finally,they buried()them both in a hole.Within eight weeks,these two parts were almost completely gone. Wei and Zhang expect that robots like these can be used to deal with dangerous waste and then disappear naturally.They also hope that such robots can aid doctors in operations and then safely break down inside the body However,it's important to note that the technology is still in very early stages."If we truly want to have a biodegradable robot," Hartmann says,"we also need to make sure its electronics and power parts are biodegradable. ()1.What is special about the robotic arm and the controller in Paragraph 2? A.They are green. B.They are hard. C.They are intelligent. D.They are affordable ()2.What is mentioned in Paragraph 5 about soft robots? A.Their operation. B.Their applications. C.Their challenges. D.Their performance. ()3.What can we learn from the passage? A.Soft robots are widely used to clean up e-waste. B.Soft robots have to rest for a week after heavy use C.The designing of soft robots borrows ideas from nature. D.Mechanical engineering offers new ways to run soft robots. Passage25(2025·威海)【社会热点】 Big progress made towards carbon goals Editor's note:China Daily is publishing news about China's work to reach its carbon peak(碳达峰)and carbon neutrality(碳中和)goals. China Carbon Neutrality Goal Goal:◆before2030 Goal:carbon neutrality by 2060 20202030204020502060 1 In 2024,China made big progress on its long-term climate goals.It led the world's energy change at a speed never seen before. Though it's challenging,Chinese experts are still working on achieving carbon peak before 2030 and become carbon neutrality by 2060. 2 More renewable energy(like water power and wind power) starts working.In the first 9 months of 2024,China added 210 million kilowatts()of new renewable energy.That's 21%more than the same time last year,and 86%of all new power capacity().That's a lot! 3A report from Wood Mackenzie,a UK energy company,says China continues to lead the world energy changing.Never has the world seen the speed of growth of an energy system that China is achieving. By 2025,China's solar and wind power will be more than Europe and North America together. 4The report also says China's transport is changing.By 2034, electric cars will make up 66%of car sales. Key words to know: ◆carbon peak:carbon emissions(碳排放量)will first reach the highest point,then start to go down. ◆carbon neutrality:the balance((平衡)of the amount of CO2,we put into the air with the amount we take out. ( )l.【新考法·信息迁移】What can be put in the▲in the graph(图表)？ A.Carbon neutrality. B.Carbon peak. C.Climate goals. （)2.What does the underlined word“That”probably refer to in Paragraph 2? A.The first 9 months of 2024. B.86%of all new power capacity. C.210 million kilowatts of new renewable energy. ()3.【新考法·观点态度】What is the UK energy company's attitude towards China's achievements in Paragraph 3? A.Amazed.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear. ()4.How many percent of car sales will electric cars make up by2034? A.21%. B.50%. C.66%. ()5.What is this passage mainly about? A.China's development on transport in 2024. B.China's big steps on green changing in 2024. C.China's efforts on water and wind power in 2024. Passage26(2025·云南)【社会热点】 Imagine that a cool bamboo-like grass can be used to make green energy.Scientists at Landuo Biotech,a business in Wuhan,have created one such plant recently.They name it“super giant reed(超级 芦竹)”. Since 2012,the Landuo team have collected over 1,000 wild giant reeds for experiments.As a result,more than 40 varieties of super giant reed have been "born".In the Landuo's factory,hundreds of young reeds are grown in glass bottles.Fully grown,super giant reeds are cut and put in a special place without O2.The Landuo team heat them up to make natural gas,which can then be used for energy. Thanks to the scientists'efforts,super giant reed has a biomass (生物量)three times that of wild giant reed.A kilogram of super giant reed also has 4,000 to 4,500 kilocalories()of energy.So, super giant reed is a great choice for taking the place of fossil fuels( 石燃料). What's more,growing super giant reed helps a lot.Planting 13,000 hectares of it can produce 0.45 to 1.5 million tons of fuel a year.40 million hectares of super giant reed can be used instead of 2.2 billion (1 billion=1,000 million)tons of coal and can cut CO2 emissions( )by 4 billion tons in China every year. Super giant reed is also well-suited for growing on some land like beaches,wetlands and salty lands.Once a reed is planted,it can be cut and used many times during the next 15 to 20 years.By the end of 2024,over 3,300 hectares of super giant reed had been planted across 53 areas in China. At present,China is developing this new energy source-super giant reed and we hope that it can help to make our planet cleaner and cleaner. （)1.【新考法·细节排序】What is the right order according to Paragraph 2? a.The super giant reeds are cut by the Landuo team. b.The super giant reeds are heated up to make natural gas. c.The Landuo team grow lots of young super giant reeds in glass bottles d.The Landuo team put the super giant reeds in a special place without 02. A.a-b-c-d B.b-a-c-d C.c-b-d-a D.c-a-d-b ()2.How many kilocalories of energy does a kilogram of super giant reed produce? A.1,000to1,500. B.2,000to3,500. C.4,000to4,500. D.5,000to5,500. ()3.【新考法·写作手法】How does the writer support the main idea of Paragraph 4? A.By listing numbers. B.By telling stories. C.By asking questions. D.By giving suggestions. ()4.【新考法·文章出处】In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A.People.B.Science.C.Sports. D.Travel. ()5.What can be the best title for the text? A.Fossil Fuels B.CO,Emissions C.Wild Giant Reed D.Super Giant Reed Passage27(2025·泸州)【跨学科】 Plastic waste is an increasingly important problem.Up to now, only 9%of the plastics ever produced have been recycled.The rest remain on earth for hundreds of years.They wash out to the ocean to become rubbish,harm wildlife and break down into small plastics that can enter the human brain and other parts of our bodies. Recently,scientists have developed a new method to break down plastic waste with the help of water in the air.The researchers mixed a special metal and activated carbon(话性炭)with PET,the most common type of polyester()plastic.Then they heated the mixture. After a short time,this broke the chemical connections in the polyester. Next,when the team left the material in the air,the mixture turned into TPA,a polyester material,and acetaldehyde,an industrial chemical. Finally,these valuable chemical materials were recycled. After the first success,researchers tested the method on different plastics and found it worked on polyester plastic only.That meant they didn't need to separate different kinds of plastics.Also,when they added water,it stopped working because the amount()of water in the air was just right. The team's next plan will be to use the method widely in industry "It's hopeful that our technology can hugely reduce plastic pollution,lower the environmental footprint of plastics and help materials be reused instead of being thrown away,"researchers said. "It's a leap towards a cleaner,greener future,and it shows how creative chemistry can solve world challenges in a way that joins hands with nature.” ()1.What harm of plastics is mentioned in Paragraph 1? A.Polluting the sea. B.Warming the air. C.Reducing wetland. D.Causing wildfire. （)2.【新考法·细节排序】How did the team do the research? ①Heat the mixture. 2Leave the mixture in the air. 3Recycle the chemical materials. 4Mix a special metal,activated carbon with PET. A.④-②-①-③ B.④-②-③-① C.④-①-②-③ D.④-①-③-② ()3.What do we know about the method according to the passage? A.It works widely in industry. B.It works after adding water. C.It works on different plastics. D.It works without plastic separation. ()4.How do researchers like their technology? A.It will improve people's creativity. B.It will help with a green environment. C.It will prevent people from using plastics. D.It will stop the present pollution problems. ()5.Which can be the best title for the passage? A.Turn to plastics for more metals B.Put plastics into wider farming use C.Recycle plastics for a cleaner future D.Improve plastic production in a better way Passage28(2025·乐山) Unlike what you may imagine,taking good care of a plant can be difficult,especially when it comes to how to water a plant.Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem.Luckily,a new technology called GrowStream can help them "talk"to their plants. GrowStream is a watering system.Its tubes (have special tiny holes in them.When plants need water,they will release() chemicals(化学物质)through their roots.When the holes detect(检 these chemicals,they will open.The plants then get water from these holes.As the plants "drink"enough water,they stop releasing these chemicals.And that "tells"the holes to close back up and stop watering. This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems.It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa.It is also testing the system in the US.It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water. "GrowStream is more than just a technology,"said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI..“We want it to‘talk'to people,too.It‘says'two things:The earth's natural resources()are not so much,and we should take better care of the planet through new technology." ()1.Why is it difficult to water a plant? A.Because plants need too much water. B.Because it is hard to discover whether the plant needs water. C.Because watering a plant takes too much time. D.Because some farmers don't teach you how to water a plant. （）2.How does GrowStream make sure plants“drink”enough water? A.By providing water all the time. B.By releasing chemicals to help the plants "drink"enough water. C.By putting water into the plants'roots. D.By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release. (）3.What does the underlined word“they”in Paragraph2 refer to? A.Plants. B.Holes. C.Chemicals. D.Tubes. ()4.What is the main advantage of this new system? A.Saving time. B.Easy to use. C.Saving water. D.Cheap to buy. ()5.What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words? A.The earth is heavily polluted. B.People can talk with GrowStream C.We have to find more natural resources. D.New technology can help save natural resources.shows us that everything is possible if we try hard." 知，他们的工作告诉我们，只要努力，一切皆有可能。 故选C。 三、说明文 人与自我 子主题一身心健康 Passage1(2025·淅江) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了防晒的重要性，并介绍了一些防 晒的方法。 1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sum protection is more than just avoiding sunburn-it's about keeping your skin healthy and feeling good all summer log.”可知，防晒不仅能防止晒伤，还能让我们感觉 良好。故选D。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Drinking plenty of water is important for skin health and overall comfort.”可知，在炎热的天气里，多喝水对皮肤健康 很重要。故选B。 3.A【解析】文章出处题。文章主要介绍了防晒的方 法和重要性，这些内容与健康相关，因此文章最有可 能来自杂志的健康栏目。故选A。 Passage2(2025·河南） 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍阳光对人们的影响。 1.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线部分前“Sunlight causes you to produce a chemical called serotonin.”和画 线部分后“your body will make more serotonin”可知，当你 暴露在阳光下时，你的身体会分泌出更多的血清素。are exposed to表示“暴露于”，与stay in语意相近。故选A。 2.B【解析】段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段 主要介绍光是如何通过化学物质影响人的。故选B。 3.B【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中“That's why it is believed that those people should get outside in the sunshine.”可知，这就是为什么人们认为那些人应该 到户外去晒晒太阳。对应B选项是观点，其他三项是 事实。故选B。 4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“People with SAD usually go through bad experiences such as low energy and sadness.The most common treatment for those people is to sit under bright artificial lights for some time.”可知，对于这类患者，最常见的治疗方法是在 明亮的人造灯下坐一段时间。故选D。 5.A【解析】行文目的题。根据最后一段中“In fact, there is more science about sunlight for you to discover." 可知，关于阳光的科学知识还有许多待发现。由此可 推断，作者是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。故选A。 2 人与社会 子主题二体育运动 Passage3(2025·兰州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了冲浪运动的起源、历史演 变、冲浪板的改进以及冲浪在中国的普及情况等。 1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Surfing originated in the Polynesian islands of the Pacific Ocean as well as West Africa and Peru..”可知，冲浪起源于太 平洋的波利尼西亚群岛以及西非和秘鲁。故选D。 2.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The first boards were about 3 to 7 meters long and weighed more than50 kilos.”和“Today's surfboard is about1.5to 2.7 meters long and11to26 kilos..”可知，最初的冲浪 板更长且更重。故选C。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“In March 2024,a 15-year-old girl called Yang Siqi,from Sichuan Province,.became China's first Olympic surfer.”可知，杨 思琪15岁时成为中国首位奥运冲浪选手。故选D。 4.A【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段为冲浪的 简要介绍；第二至四段分别介绍冲浪的起源、冲浪板 的演变及中国的冲浪发展；第五段总结冲浪的意义。 由此可知，本文为总一分一总结构。故选A。 解题指导一篇章结构题 快速通读全文（捕捉各段核心语句确定文章主题 Step 1 总分关系：开篇总述观点，下文分别阐述 Step2分总关系：先分述内容，结尾总结归纳 剖析段{总分总关系：开头总起，中间分述，结尾再 落关系总结 并列关系：段落从不同方面阐述，无主次之分 ↓ Step 3 [首段：引出话题或点明主旨作用 留意特殊{中间段：明确过渡或补充说明意义 段落 尾段：分析总结或升华主题功能 ↓ Step 4 （对比选项与分析结果 核对选项作答（选择契合文章结构的答案 5.B【解析】写作对象题。全文围绕冲浪运动展开，目 标读者应为运动爱好者。故选B。 Passage4(2025·达州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了马拉松配速员及其重要 作用。 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“There are usually between 10andl5 pacers in a marathon.”可知， 4 一场马拉松比赛通常有10到15名配速员。故选B。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“They usually hold a sign or a balloon with the time on it to help the runners finish the race..”可知，他们通常用一个写有时 间的标志或气球来帮助运动员完成比赛。故选C。 3.A【解析】代词指代题。根据画线词前“They can encourage you to keep going when you go through the hardest part of the race.In fact,many marathon runners bring out the best in..”可知，许多马拉松选手都是通 过跟随配速员来发挥自己的最佳状态的。them指代 marathon runners。故选A。 4.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“With a pacer,you don't have to think too hard about your pace.”;第三段中“They can encourage you to keep going when you go through the hardest part of the race." 可知，文章并没有提及马拉松配速员一定能保证获得 第一名。故选A。 5.D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主 要介绍了马拉松配速员以及他们的作用。故选D。 Passage5(2025·辽宁) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了赤脚行走的益处和安全实践的 建议。 1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“but my favourite is walking barefoot'”可知，作者最喜欢的亲近 自然的方式是赤脚行走。故选D。 2.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“If your feet hurt,take a break or curtail the time.”可知，若脚 疼，休息一下或“减少”走路时间。由此推测， “curtail”意为“减少”，与选项D“Reduce”意义相近。 故选D。 3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Choose safe places,like soft grass or warm sand.”可知，赤脚行走时 需选择安全的地方。故选C。 4.C【解析】主旨大意题。文章围绕赤脚行走展开，介 绍了其益处、适应方法、安全建议等，核心内容是“关 于赤脚行走的信息”。故选C。 子主题三名胜古迹和游览体验 Passage6(2025·兰州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三种桥梁类型（斜拉桥、吊 桥和拱桥)及其代表建筑，并鼓励读者动手制作拱桥 模型。 l.C【解析】细节理解题。根据小标题“Cable--stayed bridge”,“Drawbridge”和“Arch bridge”可知，文章共提 到了三种桥。故选C。 2.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文“Its opening proves that humans are making miracles with great effort and 2 wisdom.”可知，人类正凭借巨大的努力和智慧创造奇 迹。由此可推知，港珠澳大桥的建造需要尖端技术。 cutting-edge应指“先进的，领先的”，high technology符 合语境。故选A。 3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“London Tower Bridge has been standing over the River Thames since1894.”可知，伦敦塔桥自1894年矗立至2025 年，已超过100年。故选B。 4.C【解析】写作手法题。通读全文可知，文章结尾部 分通过表格给出制作拱桥模型的步骤并鼓励读者去 尝试，属于通过实践操作收尾。故选C。 解题指导一写作手法题 Step 1 识别题型：判断段落阐述观点的写作手法 明确题 明确题目：聚焦对象，锁定段落内容 目要求 ↓ Step2若有问号(？)，对应“By asking a question'” 分析段若有数字（如数量、数据），对应“By listing 落内容{numbers” 找关键若有具体事例（如故事、案例），对应“By 元素(giving an example” ↓ Step 3 (将段落关键元素与选项一一对应匹配，先 匹配选 排除无关、错误选项，选定答案 项作答 5.D【解析】写作意图题。全文通过介绍桥梁类型和 结尾的动手实践指导，呼应最后一句“Try it,test t..”的号召性语言，目的是鼓励读者了解和实践。 故选D。 Passage7(2025·咸海) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了香港便利的交通和著名的 景点，告诉我们只要做好计划，即使48小时也能在香港 过得愉快。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hong Kong has a great public transportation system that is easy to use.”可知，香港交通很便利。故选C。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“On the first day,go up Victoria Peak.At the top of the mountain, you will see beautiful city views.”可知，在太平山顶可 以俯瞰城市美景。故选C。 3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“On the second day,spend your time shopping at one of Hong Kong's many malls,such as IFC or Times Square." 知，作者建议我们第二天去购物。故选A。 4.B【解析】句子猜词义题。根据画线词后“so you cannot change them”可知，小商店的价格是固定的，与 B项“晚餐固定在六点钟”中的st意义相近。故 选B。 5.B【解析】写作意图题。根据全文，尤其是第一段中 "Forty-eight hours in Hong Kong may sound like a short visit,but it will surprise you how much you can see and do.”和最后一段“With careful planning,you can do a lot in just two days in Hong Kong..”可知，作者介绍 了中国香港的交通和景点，旨在吸引游客去中国 香港旅行。故选B。 子主题四文化体验 Passage8(2025·重庆) 【语篇解读】本文涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺术以及普洱茶全 球传播，强调茶超越饮品本身的多重价值。 1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“White tea was often used to make the clouds'as white as the moonlight.”可知，白茶常被用于制作点茶的“云纹”。 故选D。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“n1976, Frenchman Fred Kempler found a new kind of Pu'er from Yunnan in a Hong Kong shop.In the same year,he visited Yunnan,bought nearly two tons,and began to sell‘Yunnan Tuocha'in Europe.”可知，往欧洲销售 “云南沱茶”的时间是在1976年。故选B。 3.B【解析】句子猜词义题。根据画线词后“from the east to the west'”可知，茶在全球范围内被喜爱，所以此 处globally意为“全球地”。选项B“The Olympic Games bring people together globally.”中的“globally”同 样表示“全球地”。故选B。 4.A【解析】标题归纳题。文章涵盖茶的种类、点茶艺 术以及普洱茶全球传播，强调茶超越饮品本身的多重 价值。说明茶不仅仅是一种饮品。选项A“不仅仅是 一种饮品”作为标题最为合适。 Passage9(2025·扬州) 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了中国火车成为推广非物质 文化遗产(ICH)的平台。现场表演、文化展示等方式让 乘客近距离体验传统文化，并促进旅游业发展，但同时 也面临空间限制等挑战。 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Tourists on the train,especially those from southern China,sang and danced excitedly with the two performers together." 知，乘客在K7041火车上的新鲜体验是参与现场表演 (如与表演者共舞)。故选B。 2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“He thought the train was a good platform for promoting ICH.”和第四 段中“Beyond cultural promotion,it offers help for tourism.”可推测出，两人均认为火车有助于推广 -2 ICH。故选B。 3.C【解析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“However, the ICH train journeys still have challenges”和 “Therefore,some solutions are coming up..”可知，本 段先提出挑战（如狭窄的空间），再提出解决方法（如 文化角和二维码)。故选C。 4.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围 绕火车推动ICH传播的主题展开介绍，选项A“火车 推动中国非遗发展”适合作为最佳标题。故选A。 Passage10(2025·达州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国传统工艺品漆扇的历 史、制作工艺及其在现代的受欢迎程度。 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later, lacquer fans became one of the top collections in the art world during the Tang Dynasty..”可知，漆扇在唐代成为 艺术界顶级收藏品。故选B。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Lacquer fans are made with bamboo or wooden frames.”可知，漆扇框 架材质为竹子或木材。故选C。 3.A【解析】细节排序题。根据第四段中“People first choose the colors they want to use,drop the coloured lacquer into the water,stir it,put the fans in the water for a while,and then take them out..”可知，做漆扇的步 骤为：1.选择颜色(b)→2.将漆滴人水中搅拌(c)→ 3.放入扇子浸泡(d)→4.取出扇子(a),正确顺序为 b→c→d→a。故选A。 4.C【解析】文章出处题。通读全文可知，全文围绕漆 扇的艺术价值、历史渊源和制作工艺展开，属于传统 文化艺术范畴，故可推测出，本文最可能出现在“艺 术”栏目。故选C。 5.D【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段总述 漆扇的历史地位，引出主题。第二段介绍漆扇的起源 (汉代)和在唐代的发展。第三段说明制作材料（框 架)和传统装饰图案。第四段描述现代漆扇绘画的流 程及流行情况。第五段总结漆扇的独特性，呼应主 题。故全文为“总一分一总”的结构，先引入主题，再 从历史、工艺、现代应用等方面展开，最后升华意义。 故选D。 Passage11(2025·南充) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了游戏《黑神话：悟空》让古 老的建筑重新焕发生机，展示了中国传统文化的魅力。 1.B【解析】写作手法题。根据第一段中“Which book is your favorite one?”可知，作者是通过提出一个问题 开篇的。故选B。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“I'm planning to visit the filming locations soon to experience the 6 cultural heritage first-hand”可知，他计划参观取景地 点，亲身体验文化遗产。故选C。 3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Black Myth: Wukong covers 36 filming locations,with 27 of them located in Shanxi..”可知，《黑神话：悟空》中有27个取 景地点位于山西，这表明山西的古建筑对游戏的影响 很大。故选D。 4.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前“The ancient buildings are there,and once you see them,you'll fall in love with them,and discover the beauty of Chinese culture”以及画线词所在句“What we do is simply to make players embrace it through the game.”可知，是通 过游戏让玩家接受和欣赏传统文化，故此处画线词和 accept意义相近。故选B。 5.A【解析】写作意图题。本文主要介绍了游戏《黑神 话：悟空》让古老的建筑重新焕发生机，展示了中国传 统文化的魅力。故选A。 Passage12(2025·内蒙古) 【语篇解读】本文主要聚焦长江国家文化公园的建设意 义与实施成效，强调其对保护长江文化、增强文化自信 及促进区域发展的多重价值。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“How to protect Yangtze River culture and improve cultural confidence is a new task for the places near the Yangtze iver.”可知，如何保护长江文化并增强文化自信，成 为长江沿岸地区面临的新任务。故选C。 2.B【解析】行文目的题。第三段列举了文化遗产、城 镇、博物馆等具体数据，目的是强调该项目的规模和 重要性。故选B。 熟词生义 stress[熟义]n.精神压力，心理负担 [生义].强调 3.B【解析】代词指代题。根据画线词前“The Yangtze River National Cultural Park project holds value in many fields such as water resources protection,social development and educational programs for students." 知，长江国家文化公园项目在水资源保护、社会发展 以及学生教育项目等方面都具有重要意义。所以此 处t指的是“长江国家文化公园项目”。故选B。 4.C【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要聚焦长江国家文 化公园的建设意义与实施成效，选项C“长江国家文 化公园”符合主题。故选C。 子主题五科学技术改变生活 Passage13(2025·重庆) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了仿生学这一科学领域，通过模仿 自然界的生物结构和功能来解决人类面临的问题。 2 1.B【解析】行文目的题。根据第一段中“This invention isn't just for fun-it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems.That is a science called bionics.”可知，文章开头提到Jinlin是为了引出仿生 学这一主题。故选B。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Motors help the bionic arms make movements'”可知，马达帮助仿生 手臂进行运动。故选C。 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“As for bionic arms,one key area of development is Brain-Computer Interface...Researchers are also working on creating new materials and structures which can sense and repair themselves..”可知，科学家们通过开发新的材料和结 构以及改进脑机接口来使仿生手臂更接近真实手臂。 故选B。 4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“..it shows how humans copy nature to solve problems.That is a science called bionics..”可知，仿生学是指人类通过模 仿自然来解决问题，选项C“通过模仿昆虫的眼晴设 计相机”是典型的仿生学应用。故选C。 Passage14(2025·眉山) 【语篇解读】本文讲述了三位科学家对2045年科技发展 的预测，包括脑控技术、新型建材及人机交互变革。 1.C【解析】代词指代题。根据第三段中“Imagine a world where you could just use your thoughts to control your environment'”可知，this指代前句Justin所述的内 容“use your thoughts to control your environment'”。故 选C。 2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“We'll be able to build things that are very strong but also lightweight. We don't even know the materials around us'”可知，我们 将能够制造出既坚固又轻便的东西。故选D。 3.B【解析】标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，全文核 心为三位科学家对2045年生活的具体预测。故选B。 4.D【解析】文章出处题。本文预测2045年科技发 展，属于科技领域。故选D。 子主题六人类发明与创新 Passage15(2025·苏州) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国科学家研发的一种脑脊髓 芯片如何帮助脊髓损伤患者恢复行走能力，标志着中国 在医学科学领域的重大进步，并为数百万患者带来新 希望。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have created a brain-spinal chip that allows paralyzed patients to move their legs,and even walk again.”可知， 这种芯片可以帮助瘫痪患者重新行走。故选C。 7 2.A【解析】词典猜词义题。根据画线词所在句 "Behind this achievement is a long journey of careful research and bold thinking.”可知，bold thinking与 careful research为并列关系，描述研究历程。根据词 典中的第一条释义“1.PERSON/ACTION not afraid of taking risks and making difficult decisions”可知，bold 可意为“敢于冒险和制定困难的决策”，这与研究者 十年攻坚、突破常规的背景匹配。故选A。 3.D【解析】写作意图题。根据第一段可知，文章首段 点明主题，即医学上的突破，后续聚焦芯片原理、疗效 及意义，末段展望未来。因此，作者的写作意图应是 介绍一项新的医疗成果。故选D。 4.A【解析】标题归纳题。本文介绍了中国科学家研 发的一种脑脊髓芯片如何帮助脊髓损伤患者恢复行 走能力，标志着中国在医学科学领域的重大进步，并 为数百万患者带来新希望。选项A“中国芯片带来新 的希望”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 Passage16(2025·临沂) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了“天眸芯”这项发明。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“One of them is called Tianmouc'-the world's first smart chip that works like our eyes and brains.A team from Tsinghua University made it!”可知，天眸芯是世界上首款能像我 们的眼晴和大脑一样工作的智能芯片。故选C。 2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Tianmouc gets an idea by how our human eyes and brains work together.”并结合全段内容可知，第二段介绍了天眸芯 是如何运作的。故选A。 3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者 相信将会出现更多惊人的发明。故选B。 4.C【解析】文章出处题。通读全文内容可知，本文主 要介绍了“天眸芯”这项发明。故可推知，本文可能来 自科学杂志。故选C。 Passage17(2025·潍坊) 【语篇解读】本文报道了上海交通大学研发的导盲六足 机器人，介绍了其稳定性设计、智能功能及用户测试 反馈。 1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists from China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University are developing a robot‘guide dog'to help blind people.”可 知，研发目的是辅助盲人。故选A。 2.C【解析】段落大意题。根据第二段中“.the robot dog can see,listen and speak with blind people.It can help them during daily trips outside and be a 'friend'at home.Blind people can also...”可知，第二段详细列 举导盲六足机器人可以做些什么。故选C。 2 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Li Fei and Zhu Sibin are helping test the robot..”可知，Li Fei参与 测试。故选B。 4.D【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段中“He thinks there could be a large market for these robot dogs. 知，他认为其市场需求大。故选D。 Passage18(2025·广元) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了DeepSeek公司开发的AI 模型DeepSeek-Rl,它震撼了人工智能领域。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“But it's much cheaper and uses much less computing power..”可知，它 比其他模型便宜得多。故选C。 2.B【解析】写作手法题。根据第三段中“Different from traditional methods such as CoT and SFT...While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data,RI allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way...”可知，第三段通过比较CoT、SFT和 Rl的不同来说明DeepSeek-Rl的优势。故选B。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure,DeepSeek may change the AI field..”可知， 通过提高数据质量和改进模型结构，DeepSeek可能会 改变人工智能领域。故选D。 4.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文“That is the power of open research”可知，他强调分享知识、建设健康领 域和帮助技术进步的重要性，故此处画线词意为“强 调”。故选A。 5.B【解析】标题归纳题。根据第一段中“DeepSeek- R1,a new AI model developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek,has rocked the Al industry around the world.”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了 DeepSeek公司开发的AI模型DeepSeek-R1,它震撼了 人工智能领域，选项B“DeepSeek-Rl:震撼人工智能世 界”为标题最合适。故选B。 人与自然 子主题七热爱并善待生命 Passage19(2025·浙江) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了濒危鸟类领鹑的独特习性及科 学家利用AI技术保护该物种的剑新方法。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“female plains wanderers are larger and stronger than males'”及“Females take the lead in protecting their nests and babies from anim㎡als”可知，母鸟体型较大，并会保护幼鸟。故 选C。 2.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文“Once,the AI helped scientists find a hidden nest with three baby 8 birds.”可知，AI可以帮助人们监控到这些鸟的一些 情况，所以画线单词与follow词义最相近。故选D。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mother wanderers make soft sounds to talk to their chicks and warn about danger.These calls are quiet and easy to miss,but AI can hear them clearly...This helps scientists find where the mother birds are and how many chicks they have..”可知，科学家利用AI分析母鸟的叫 声来寻找领鹑。故选D。 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文及最后一段中 "Thanks to this technology,there is new hope for these rare birds,showing that Al can be a powerful tool in saving wildlife.”可知，本文介绍了濒危鸟类领鹑的独 特习性及科学家利用AI技术保护该物种的创新方 法。故选D。 Passage20(2025·福建) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁在面对热浪时的适 应方式以及科学家如何帮助珊瑚礁生存。 1.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae,and in return they get carbon,which gives them energy..”可知，珊瑚通常为藻 类提供氮，作为回报，它们获得碳，这为它们提供了能 量，可见珊瑚和海藻相互依赖。故选C。 2.A【解析】数词指代题。根据第二段中“in the early 1980s,a huge heat wave turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale,lifeless white.”以及“but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn't influence the reefs as badly as the first'”可知，这些热浪对珊瑚礁的影响并 不像第一次那么严重，故此处the first指代20世纪80 年代初的热浪。故选A。 3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree." 可知，所有这些适应只能在一定程度上自我保护，可 见珊瑚不能完全适应热浪。故选A。 4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It will be really sad to see it dead.But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”可知，看 到珊瑚死亡很伤心，这让我们想要帮助它们，即我们 应该尽最大努力拯救珊瑚。故选C。 5.B【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁在 面对热浪时的适应方式以及科学家如何帮助珊瑚礁 生存，以选项B“珊瑚反击”为标题最合适。故选B。 Passage21(2025·扬州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一个名为MiC0的交互式 地图系统，该系统用于追踪海洋物种的迁徙路线，并强 调跨国合作对保护迁徙物种的重要性。 l.D【解析】写作手法题。根据第一段中“Many marine species depend on specific routes to migrate.The routes offer these seafaring travellers the right conditions,at the right time of year,to guide them through the oceans. 第二段内容可知，作者通过描述海洋物种依赖特定路 线迁徙的背景信息，引出MiC0系统的研究目的。故 选D。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The new map,named the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean (MicO)...shows where they are going to and from" 知，MiC0是一个展示海洋物种迁徙路线的数据库。 故选C。 3.B【解析】行文目的题。根据第四段中“They find that all of the species...if there is no help from others." 和绿龟的例子可推测出，作者通过绿龟在不同国家保 护差异的案例，说明跨国合作的重要性。故选B。 4.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The database includes information on 109 species...where they are going to and from”可知，MiC0收集的数据与物种迁徙 路线相关。选项C中“棱皮龟从印度尼西亚游到俄勒 冈州大约2万千米。”符合这一特征。故选C。 Passage22(2025·遂宁) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了英国博物馆利用AI技术让动物 标本“说话”，游客通过扫码与标本互动，旨在增强人与 自然联系并呼吁关注生物多样性危机。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，AI使 得游客可与标本对话。故选C。 2.D【解析】写作手法题。根据第五段中“Will it help people know more about the specimen animals?Will it influence people's opinions about them?”可知，作者通过 问问题的方式表达观点。故选D。 3.D【解析】句义猜测题。根据第六段中“So no matter what languages you speak,the animals can talk to you in a way that's easy for you to understand..”可知，无论你说 何种语言，这些动物都能以一种你容易理解的方式与 你交流。所以这些动物会说多种语言。故选D。 4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，这是 人们了解动物的一种新方式。博物馆想看看这能如 何帮助人们更好地与自然联系。故选B。 5.A【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者希 望这项新技术既有趣又有用。故选A。 子主题八热爱与敬畏自然 Passage23(2025·枣庄) 【语篇解读】本文介绍了今年春天在中国年轻人中流行 的“采野菜”社交活动。 1.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“You1ook around in places like forests and lakes to find different kinds of plants that you can eat..”可知，“going foraging” 指寻找可食用野生植物。故选A。 2.C【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中“Going foraging is a new way for young people to connect with nature.”,第四段中“Young people also get connected with others by foraging.”和第五段中“What's more, working hard to get plants makes them feel happy and sweet.”可判断，作者对这个活动体现积极态度，由此 可知，他/她喜欢这项活动。故选C。 3.A【解析】标题归纳题。根据第一段以及第三到五 段的首句可知，本文主要介绍采野菜这项活动的好 处。故选A。 子主题九环保意识和行为 Passage24(2025·京) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了可生物降解机器人的研究 进展及其潜在应用，同时指出该技术仍处于早期阶段。 1.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，研 究人员用动植物材料制作了机械臂和控制器，这 些材料足够坚固，但可以在自然环境中轻松分解。 由此可推知，这些机械臂和控制器的特点是环保。 故选A。 2.B【解析】段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，此段 主要介绍软体机器人的应用。故选B。 3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Biodegradable robotics often falls under the umbrella of soft robotics, which takes ideas from nature.”可知，可生物降解机器 人通常属于软体机器人范畴，其灵感来自自然。故 选C。 Passage25(2025·咸海) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了中国在2024年绿色转型中 所取得的重大进展，包括可再生能源的快速发展和交通 领域的变化。 l.B【解析】信息迁移题。根据“Chinese experts are still working on achieving carbon peak before 2030" 知，中国专家正致力于在2030年前实现碳达峰。因 此空格处的目标是碳达峰。故选B。 2.C【解析】代词指代题。根据画线词前“In the first9 months of 2024,China added 210 million kilowatts of new renewable energy.”可知，在2024年的前9个月 里，中国新增2.1亿千瓦的可再生能源。That指代上 文的2.1亿千瓦的可再生能源。故选C。 3.A【解析】观点态度题。根据“China continues to lead the world energy changing.Never has the world seen the speed of growth of an energy system that China is achieving.”可知，一家英国能源公司说中国继续在能 源变革领域引领世界。世界上从未见过一个能源体 系能以中国正在实现的速度发展。由此可知，英国能 源公司对中国取得的成就是感到惊叹的。故选A。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“By2034,electric cars will make up66%of car sales.”可知，到2034年，电动 汽车将占汽车销售的66%。故选C。 5.B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国在 2024年绿色转型中所取得的重大进展，包括可再生能 源的快速发展和交通领域的变化。故选B。 Passage26(2025·云南) 【语篇解读】本文主要是介绍科学家们创造了一种新的 植物—超级芦竹，它可以用来制造绿色能源。 1.D【解析】细节排序题。根据第二段中“In the Landuo's factory,hundreds of young reeds are grown in glass bottles.Fully grown,super giant reeds are cut and put in a special place without O,.The Landuo team heat them up to make natural gas,which can then be used for energ罗.”可知，在兰多的工厂里，数百株幼芦竹被种植 在玻璃瓶中。完全成熟后，超级芦竹被切割并放置在 一个没有氧气的特殊地方。兰多团队将它们加热制 成天然气，然后可以用作能源。所以正确的顺序是 c-a-d-b。故选D。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“A kilogram of super giant reed also has 4,000 to 4,500 kilocalories of energy.”可知，一千克超级芦竹有4000到4500千 卡的能量。故选C。 3.A【解析】写作手法题。根据第四段中“Planting 13,000 hectares of it can produce 0.45 to 1.5 million tons of fuel a year.40 million hectares of super giant reed can be used instead of 2.2 billion (1 billion =1,000 million)tons of coal and can cut CO,emissions by 4 billion tons in China every year.”可知，种植1.3万公顷 的超级芦竹每年可生产45万至150万吨燃料，4000 万公顷的超级芦竹可以替代22亿吨煤炭，每年可减 少中国40亿吨的二氧化碳排放，所以作者是通过列 举数字来支持第四段的主要观点的。故选A。 4.B【解析】文章出处题。本文主要是介绍科学家们 创造了一种新的植物一超级芦竹，它可以用来制造 绿色能源，属于科学范畴。故选B。 5.D【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要是介绍科学家们 创造了一种新的植物—一超级芦竹，它可以用来制造 绿色能源，所以选项D“超级芦竹”符合。故选D。 Passage27(2025·泸州) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了科学家开发的一种利用空 气中的水分分解塑料废物的新方法，并探讨了该技术对 减少塑料污染和促进可持续发展的潜在影响。 1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“They wash out to the ocean to become rubbish,harm wildlife..." 知，塑料废物会流人海洋成为垃圾，危害野生动物，故 应是会污染海洋。故选A。 2.C【解析】细节排序题。根据第二段中“The researchers mixed a special metal and activated carbon with PET...Then they heated the mixture...Next, when the team left the material in the air.the mixture turned into TPA...Finally,these valuable chemical materials were recycled.”可知，首先混合特殊金属、活 性炭和PET(④)，然后加热混合物（①），接着将混合 物暴露在空气中（②），最后回收化学材料（③）。故 0 正确顺序为④-①-②-③。故选C。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“researchers tested the method on different plastics and found it worked on polyester plastic only.That meant they didn't need to separate different kinds of plastics”可知，该方法 仅适用于聚酯塑料，因此无需分离其他塑料。故 选D。 4.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It's a leap towards a cleaner,.greener future..”可知，他们认为该 技术有助于实现更清洁、更环保的未来。故选B。 5.C【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，全文围绕塑 料回收新技术及其环保意义展开，选项C“回收塑料， 共创清洁未来”最能全面概括文章核心。故选C。 Passage28(2025·乐山) 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了新型智能灌溉系统 GrowStream通过与植物“对话”实现按需供水，从而大幅 节水并提醒人们珍惜资源。 1.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants.”可知，许多人不确定他们需要给植物浇 水的频率或量，故推知，他们很难发现植物是否缺水。 故选B。 2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the holes detect these chemicals,they will open.The plants then get water from these holes.As the plants 'drink' enough water,they stop releasing these chemicals. 知，当这些孔检测到这些化学物质时，它们就会打开， 然后，植物从这些洞里吸收水分，当植物“喝”了足够 的水，它们会停止释放这些化学物质，可见系统通过 检测植物释放的化学物质量来控制供水。故选D。 3.A解析】代词指代题。根据画线词前“As the plants ‘dink’enough water'”可知，“they”指代上文提到的 “植物”。故选A。 4.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems.”可知，该系统可以比普通灌溉系统 节省45%至50%的水。故选C。 5.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We want itto‘talk'to people,too.It‘says’two things:The earth's natural resources are not so much,and we should take better care of the planet through new technology. 知，它“说”两件事：地球的自然资源并不多，我们应该 通过新技术更好地保护地球，所以新技术能帮助我们 更好地保护地球有限的自然资源。故选D。 四、议论文 Passage1(2025·北京) 【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了人工智能如何反映出人类 社会中的偏见和不公平现象，并强调人类在塑造AI时 需要承担的责任。文章通过具体案例说明A[并非独立 产生偏见，而是反映了人类社会已有的问题，并呼吁人 们通过自身行为来影响AI的发展方向。 1.D【解析】行文目的题。根据第二段中“n both cases,Al isn't creating new biases,it is mirroring the ones that are already present.”可知，作者认为AI并没 有创造新的偏见，而是反映了已经存在的偏见。第二 段中提到招聘时由AI驱动的工具对女性更不利，贷 款算法对有色人种更为不利，这两个例子印证了作者 的观点，是为了支持“AI反映人类社会偏见”这一观 点。故选D。 2.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文“we need to take increasing care to read our principles into the record of our actions rather than..”可知，画线词的意思与上文 相反，因此diverge意为“分歧，背离”，与Separate表达 的意思相近。故选C。 3.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“As long as AI is trained on human data,it will reflect human behavior.That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world..”可知， 只要AI是基于人类数据训练的，它就会反映人类行 为。这意味着我们必须认真思考我们在世界上留下 的足迹。作者认为人类应谨慎对待自身行为对AI的 影响，即“注意我们对AI模型的输入”。故选B。 4.A【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章核心观 点是AI并非问题的根源，而是人类社会偏见的反映， 因此人类需要为AI的发展负责。选项A“AI Isn'tthe Problem;We Are”最贴合主旨。故选A。 Passage2(2025·浙江) 【语篇解读】本文探讨了生活中“特殊时刻”的意义，这 些时刻往往看似微小却能在我们心中留下深刻印记。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our hearts remember them”和“These small acts stay in our minds'” 可知，我们将那些特别的事铭记于心。故选B。 2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“An ice- cream shop lets customers decorate their own cones- seeing a child smile while adding something is a moment everyone remembers.”可知，冰激凌店让顾客装饰冰激 凌蛋筒，创造快乐记忆。故选D。 3.D【解析】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入 主题：第二段和第三段从个人和企业角度阐述特殊时 刻；最后一段总结概括。故选D。 4.A【解析】主旨大意题。全文围绕“特殊瞬间”展开， 强调它们带给人的温暖和美好，并说明哪些场合和方 式会产生这样的瞬间，核心主旨即在于如何看待并善 用这种“瞬间的力量”。故选A。 Passage3(2025·安徽) 【语篇解读】本文主要探讨了与兄弟姐妹相处对社交能 力的积极影响，包括沟通技巧、情感理解及解决冲突的 能力培养，并指出独生子女也可通过其他方式获得类似