2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册unit6精讲精练

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了“Unit 6 Crossing Cultures”单元内容，涵盖跨文化交际核心短语、词形转换、情境典句及分层习题，为学生搭建从基础词汇积累到文化情境应用的递进式学习架构。 清单通过分类整合与情境关联构建知识体系，如将“握手、碰鼻”等交际方式与“餐桌礼仪、文化冲击”等主题短语分类呈现，结合“confused/confusing”词形转换对比培养思维品质。设计“典句背诵+写作训练”模块，如春节习俗邮件写作实例，提升语言能力与文化意识，不同基础学生可高效复习，教师能据此精准设计教学活动，增强课堂实效。

Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 【重点短语】 1.communicate with 和 ……交流 2.shake hands 握手 3.bump fists 碰拳 4.rub noses 碰鼻子 5.kiss cheeks 亲吻脸颊 6.as soon as 一……就…… 7.too formal/not formal enough 太正式/不够正式 8.press/puts one's palms together 双手合十 9.be special to... 对……来说很特别 10.walk anywhere they like 随处走动 11.table/good/bad manners manners 餐桌礼仪/有礼貌/不礼貌的行为 12.wait for the host to start 等主人先开始 13.enjoy oneself 玩得开心 14.sit up straight 坐直 15.keep your elbows off the table 手肘不要放在桌上 16.reach for food 伸手够食物 17.pass sb. sth./pass sth. to sb. 把......递给...... 18.serving chopsticks 公筷 19.shared dishes 共享的菜盘 20.get/feel confused 感到困惑 21.a proper way to do sth. 做某事的正确方式 22.get off 下车 /离开 23.be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 24.plenty of space/students 足够的空间/学生 25.stand close to someone 站得离某人近 26.take off 起飞;脱下 27.stick chopsticks into rice 把筷子插在饭里 28.invite sb to do 邀请某人做某事 29.culture shock文化冲击 30.hear from 收到某人的消息/来信//电话 31.go a long way 帮助很大 32.get everything ready 把一切都准备好 33.dress for the occasion 为场合着装 34.ask personal questions 问私人问题 35.safe conversation topics 安全的交谈话题 36.last but not least 最后但同样重要的是 37.develop closer relationships 建立更亲密的关系 38.whenever possible 尽可能 39.get along with 与...相处 40.attend a party 参加派对 41.eat with chopsticks 用筷子吃饭 42.pull dishes close to you 把盘子拉向自己 43.point at/to others with chopsticks 用筷子指着别人 44.in one’s forties 在某人四十多岁的时候 45.be worried about doing sth 担心做某事 46.look forward to (doing)sth 期待（做）某事 【单词转换】 1.shake v.（shook，shaken）与（某人）握手；摇动；n. 摇动；握手→ shaking n. 摇动；震动 2.bow/baʊ/ v. & n. 鞠躬→ bowed adj. 弯曲的；鞠躬的→ bowing n. 鞠躬；弯腰→/bəʊ/n.弓，蝴蝶结 3.bump v. 碰；撞；n. 碰撞；（撞击造成的）肿块→ bumpy adj. 颠簸的；崎岖不平的 4.rub v. 摩擦；揉；n. 摩擦；按摩→ rubbing n. 摩擦；拓印→ rubber n. 橡皮；橡胶 5.kiss v. 亲吻；n. 吻→ kissing n. 亲吻；接吻→ kissed adj. 被亲吻的 6.hug v. & n. 拥抱→ hugging n. 拥抱；搂抱→ hugged adj. 被拥抱的 7.embarrassed adj. 尴尬的→ embarrass v. 使尴尬；使难堪→ embarrassment n. 尴尬;难堪→ embarrassing adj. 使人难堪的 8.confused adj. 困惑的→ confuse v. 使困惑；混淆→ confusion n. 困惑；混乱→ confusing adj. 令人困惑的 9.formal adj. 正式的→ formally adv.正式地；形式上→ formality n. 礼节；正式手续→ informal adj. 非正式的（反义词） 10.rude adj.粗鲁的→ rudely adv. 粗鲁地；无礼地→ rudeness n. 粗鲁；无礼 11.uncommon adj. 罕见的；不寻常的→ common adj. 常见的；普通的（反义词) → commonly adv. 通常；常常 12.Indian adj. 印度的；印度人的；n. 印度人→ India n. 印度（国家名） 13.proper adj. 恰当的；正确的→ properly adv. 适当地；正确地→ propriety n. 适当；得体 14.serving adj.分菜用的；n.一份食物→ serve v. 服务，提供端上（食物)→ service n. 服务；服务行业 → server n. 服务员；发球者 15.cultural adj. 与文化有关的；文化的→ culture n. 文化；文明→ culturally adv. 从文化角度 16.custom n. 习俗→ customary adj. 习惯的；通常的 17.occasion n. 场合；重大活动→ occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的→ occasionally adv. 偶尔；间或 18.nicely adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地→ nice adj. 美好的；令人愉快的→ niceness n. 美好；愉快 19.private adj. 不喜欢谈论私事的；私人的→ privately adv. 私下地；秘密地→ privacy n. 隐私；私密 20.married adj. 已婚的；婚姻的→ marry v. 结婚；娶；嫁→ marriage n. 婚姻；婚姻生活 21.unsafe adj.不安全的；危险的→ safe adj. 安全的（反义词)→ safely adv. 安全地；平安地→ safety n. 安全；安全处所 22.improper adj. 不合适的→ proper adj. 恰当的；正确的→ properly adv. 适当地；正确地 23.congratulate v. 祝贺→ congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜（常用复数 congratulations） 26.Asian adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人→ Asia n. 亚洲（大洲名） 27.tradition n. 传统→ traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的→ traditionally adv. 传统上；习惯上 28.correctly adv. 正确地；得体地→ correct adj. 正确的；恰当的；v. 纠正；改→ correction n. 纠正；改正 29.receive v. 收到→ receipt n. 收据；收条→ receiver n. 接收者；接收器→ reception n. 接待；接收 30.main adj. 主要的→ mainly adv. 主要地；大体上→ main n. 干线；总管道 31.false adj. 错误的；不真实的→ falsely adv. 错误地；虚假地→ falseness n. 错误；虚假 32.impression n. 印象→ impress v. 给……留下深刻印象→ impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的；impressed adj. 印象深刻的 33.cheer n. 欢呼；v. 庆祝→ cheerful adj. 快乐的；愉快的→ cheerfully adv. 快乐地；愉快地 【典句背诵】 1. We usually just say "hello" or shake hands in the US!在美国，我们通常只说 “你好” 或者握手！ 2. In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。 3. We hug sometimes, but we don't usually kiss to say hello.我们有时会拥抱，但通常不会用亲吻来打招呼。 4. In Korean culture, we don't usually kiss people unless we love them. 在韩国文化里，我们通常不会亲吻别人，除非是我们爱的人。 5. First, they have a special greeting. They press their palms together, bow, and say, "Namaste." 首先，他们有一种特别的问候方式。他们双手合十、鞠躬，然后说“那摩斯戴”（合十礼）。 6. But English table manners are so confusing that I'm a little worried. 但英国的餐桌礼仪太让人困惑了，我有点担心。 7. Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 带一份小礼物即可，除非主人邀请，否则不要带食物。 8. Just hold the knife in your right hand, and the fork in your left.只用右手拿刀，左手拿叉。 9. After the meal, thank the host and say that everything was delicious. 餐后要感谢主人，并说所有食物都很美味。 10. If you get confused, watch what everyone else does.如果你感到困惑，就看看其他人的做法。 11. In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher.在日本，我们一见到老师就鞠躬。 12. Sure. Bring a small gift, but don't bring food unless the host asks you to. 当然。带一份小礼物就好，除非主人邀请，否则不要带食物。 13. Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. 把筷子插进米饭里是非常不礼貌的，你应该避免这样做。 14. You may feel culture shock when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is so different from your own that you feel surprised. 当你体验一种新文化时，你可能会感到文化冲击，因为这种新文化与你自己的文化差异太大，会让你感到惊讶。 15. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. 但一旦我适应了，我就变得更好奇，也更有兴趣去了解那里的文化。 16.I was a little lonely at first, but I'm starting to make some friends. 一开始我有点孤单，但我开始交到一些朋友了。 17. It's normal to be on time or a few minutes late, but arriving early can cause problems. 准时或晚几分钟到很正常，但早到可能会带来麻烦。 18. Everyone else brought gifts like chocolates or flowers to thank him for the party. 其他人都带了巧克力或鲜花之类的礼物，感谢他举办这场派对。 19. It was surprising to see how nicely everyone was dressed.看到每个人都穿得那么得体，我很惊讶。 20. Lots of people speak English here, but you can develop closer relationships with them if you use French. 这里很多人会说英语，但如果你用法语，能和他们建立更亲密的关系。 21. Saying "hi" is an informal way to greet others.说 “嗨” 是一种非正式的问候他人的方式。 22. It is impolite to point at people in many countries.在许多国家，用手指指着别人是不礼貌的。 23. Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little challenging. 用筷子看起来很简单，但实际上可能有点挑战性。 24. I found them confusing at first, but Mr Thompson explained them to me. 一开始我觉得它们很令人困惑，但汤普森先生给我解释了。 25. I'll be staying with their family for two weeks, and I'm a little nervous! 我会在他们家住两周，现在有点紧张！ 26. Could you give me some advice? Should I bring a gift?你能给我一些建议吗？我应该带礼物吗？ 27. First impressions are so important that I don't want to say or do anything wrong! 第一印象太重要了，我不想说错话、做错事！ 【习题精练】 Ⅰ.单项选择 1. In Japan, it is polite ______ to others when greeting. A. bow B. to bow C. bowing D. bowed 2. Some people greet each other ______ bumping fists. A. by B. with C. for D. on 3. You won't feel relaxed,______ you learned to let go. A. if B. because C. unless D. or 4. I am confused ______ the right way to greet people in this country. A. about B. with C. for D. on 5. It is common ______ people to hug friends in many Western countries. A. of B. for C. to D. with 6. The question was ______, and I felt ______ when I couldn’t answer it. A. confusing; confused B. confused; confusing C. confusing; confusing D. confused; confused 7. It is ______ to wear jeans to a formal meeting. A. proper B. improper C. possible D. impossible 8.The old man is _____weak ______ he can't walk on. let's go to help him A. too; to B. enough;to C. so ;that D.as;as 9. —Tom, give the report to Linda, please? —Okay, I will give it to her ______She arrives here. A. until B. since C. though D. as soon as 10. The rules are very clear, so there is no ______ way to understand them. A. direct B. indirect C. common D. uncommon 11. ---How do you get to school every day? .--- I used to______ a bus to school, but now I am used to_____ to school. A. take; walk B. take; walking C.taking ;walk D. taking; walking 12.The father ____ his forties told his children to keep their hands _____ the hot stove. A.on;off B. on; from C. in; off D. in; from II .用所给单词的适当形式填空与单词拼写。 1.She made a__________(错误的)answer in the math test. 2.If you follow the steps, you can solve the problem ___________(correct). 3. Cows are __________ (protect) in India and can walk anywhere. 4. Many _________( Asia) students in our school like playing table table tennis after class. 5. A summer camp is about to start. I hope all of you can enjoy _________ (you)at the camp 6. We __________ (usual) just say "hello" in the US. 7. British table manners are so __________ (confuse) that Hongli felt worried. 8. Everyone else was ___________ (dress) so nicely that I felt silly. 9. You can develop ___________ (close) relationships if you use French. 10.We should ______________ (祝贺) Tom on winning the English competition. Ⅲ.选词用正确形式填空 with   one   after   shake   polite   country   Italy   kind   you   pay When the Americans meet each other, it’s not necessary 1 hands. They just give a smile. Even a few seconds 2 they meet for the first time, they can just call each other’s first names to show 3 . For Japanese, bowing is quite acceptable. But you should not have eye contact (接触) with the Japanese guests. It is rather 4 . People from most European 5 usually embrace (拥抱) each other and sometimes kiss the cheek. But you should 6 attention that you’d better make no sound while kissing. Women should embrace men 7 and sometimes men are supposed to (应该) kiss women’s hands. To the German guests, you should shake hands to greet them. To show 8 respect you can have a little bow while shaking hands. You had better not hug or kiss them if you are not very familiar 9 each other. To the British guests, you’d better not have close body contact except a polite hug. To the 10 guests, shaking hands is very important. IV.写作训练 1.假如你是李华,你的英国好友Mike发邮件说他将要在春节期间来中国游玩两周,想了解中国的一些习俗。请你根据以下表格提示,用英语给他回复一封邮件。 初次见面 应该握手，微笑 收到礼物 双手接礼物，稍后再打开礼物 春节第一天 不要打扫卫生；不要打碎任何东西 春节期间 必须用红纸包红包，因为红色意味着好运；最好不要剪头发 注意:(1)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; （2）词数:80词左右(已给出部分不计入总词数)。 Dear Mike, I'm glad to hear that you will come to China during the Spring Festival. I'd like to share some ways of life in China with you. When we first meet someone, we should shake hands and smile.Sometimes, nodding is also polite.When receiving a gift, we accept it with both hands and open it later when the giver is not around.The Spring Festival is a traditional festival in China, and here are some special traditions during the festival.On the first day,we don't clean the house, or we may sweep away good luck.And we must be careful not to break anything, as it is believed that it brings bad luck.During the festival, we only use red paper for hong bao because red means good luck in China.Also, it's best not to have our hair cut.Families get together and eat big meals, so you might be invited to many dinner parties. I hope you will have a great time in China.If you have any questions, feel free to ask me.I'm looking forward to seeing you in China. Yours, Li Hua V.实战演练 为了践行社会主义核心价值观，你校学生会决定举办以“文明礼仪伴我行 （Civilization and etiquette with me）”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你根据下面思维导图的提示，写一篇英语短文参赛。 要求:字数80字左右,内容可根据提示适量增添。 【基础版】 As middle school students, we should have good manners. First, we must respect our parents and teachers. Second, we should be polite to others and help people in need. Also, we should protect the environment, save food and water in our daily life. Finally, we should follow public rules, like not talking loudly in public. Small actions can make a big difference. Letˈs take action! 【提升版】 As middle school students, good manners are not just about being polite—they are about caring for others and the world around us. We should always respect our parents and teachers, and be ready to lend a hand to those in need. Besides, we should protect the environment, save food and water, and follow public rules. Small acts of kindness add up, and they make our school and society a warmer place. Let’s keep civilization /ˌsɪvələˈzeɪʃn/ and etiquette/ˈetɪket/ with us every day! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $