专题11 期末考前押题组合练（语法填空10篇+完形填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+书信写作5篇）（期末复习专项训练）高二英语下学期人教版

**基本信息** 聚焦期末高频题型，以真实语境整合语法、阅读、完形及写作模块，系统覆盖语言知识与核心素养，强化综合应用能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|10篇（河北保定、山东淄博等地区期末题）|考查动词时态、非谓语、冠词等语法点，主题涵盖国际商贸、科学现象、文化遗产|从语法规则到语境应用，衔接语言知识与文化意识| |完形填空|5篇（含志愿者、诚实主题记叙文）|通过叙事考查词汇辨析、上下文逻辑，侧重情感与价值观|以语篇连贯为核心，培养思维品质与语境理解能力| |阅读理解|10篇（含光污染、帝企鹅保护等话题）|涉及细节理解、推理判断等题型，主题跨环保、科技、文化|从信息获取到深度分析，提升批判性思维与学习能力| |书信写作|5篇（含活动介绍、倡议等应用文体）|考查邮件、发言稿等格式与内容组织，强调跨文化沟通|以实际场景为载体，强化语言表达与社会责任感|

期末考前押题组合练 （语法填空10篇+完形填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+书信写作5篇） 一、语法填空 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From Swiss travel retailer (零售商) Avolta to Bangladeshi trade representatives, a diverse range of international companies attended the sixth China International Consumer Products Expo in Haikou, Hainan province, last week, turning the exhibition center into a 1 (bustle) crossroads of global commerce. The expo, which took place from April 13 to April 18, marked the first major international event since island-wide special customs operations 2 (launch) in Hainan late last year. The event attracted more than 3,400 brands from over 60 countries and regions. For foreign businesses, the expo offers a close look at Hainan’s policy environment, 3 is widely seen as a landmark step in expanding high-standard opening-up and 4 (foster) an open world economy. Exhibitors and representatives from multiple countries said the expo serves as 5 vital showcase platform, 6 China’s market functioning as a “global innovation testing ground” for businesses worldwide. Arefin Jubdatul, an exhibitor from Bangladesh, 7 (praise) Hainan’s efficient and business-friendly environment. He noted that the company registration process has accelerated 8 (significant). “Now it takes about 7 to 15 days 9 (complete) the process of setting up a company,” he said. Switzerland-based Avolta, a global travel retail and food and beverage company operating in more than 70 countries, was exhibiting at the Hainan expo for the first time. “We are pleased to participate in this year’s expo for the first time as an exhibitor,” Michael Wong, managing director for North Asia at Avolta, said. “It provides an important platform to present Avolta’s capabilities, strengthen relationships across the industry and support closer connections between 10 (brand), partners and markets.” （25-26高二下·山东淄博·期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Science Of Scratching Mom knew what she was talking about after all: Scratching really does make the itch worse. Good 1 it feels, the burst of ecstasy (狂喜) you get from clawing your irritated skin only prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle, putting true relief 2 (far) out of reach. But why? Though itch has troubled our species for thousands of years, scientists have just begun to comprehend the physiological mechanisms 3 it. Over the past couple of decades, research has shown 4 scratching taps into our brains’ reward and immune systems, producing a strange mix of sensations that makes it all but impossible to resist. “You scratch to feel better,” says Brian Kim, a neuroimmunologist at Mount Sinai’s Icahn School of Medicine, “but in doing so, you actually activate immune pathways that are counterproductive.” In 1660, a definition of itch arose that’s still in use today: an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. It results from 5 from insect bites and poisonous plants to allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema (湿疹). Until recently, itch was considered a form of mild pain 6 (arise) from the weak activation of pain receptors. This “intensity theory” speculated that itch stood at one end of the pain spectrum, and 7 (transition) all the way to full-blown suffering as a stimulus grew stronger. But in 2014, Zhou-Feng Chen, an itch researcher then at Washington University, discovered that serotonin (the mood-regulating “happiness hormone”) plays a big role in perpetuating (使永久) the itch-scratch cycle. The research team found that when mice scratch an itch, their brains release a surge of serotonin, resulting in a moment of pure bliss. These results were consistent with a PLOS One study from the previous year, which showed that scratching activates the brain regions 8 (involve) in the reward circuit, a neural network that floods the body with euphoria-inducing chemicals in response to pleasurable activities and substances. It’s the same system 9 underlies addiction, which isn’t surprising if you’ve ever lost an hour scratching at mosquito bites. But Kim notes there’s another side to this coin: the longing not to feel pleasure 10 to ease discomfort. “That’s what’s so complex about it,” he says. “There are different levels at which you need to scratch.” （25-26高二下·河南濮阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Centuries-old Ganju Opera, also known as Jiangxi Opera, dates back more than 500 years. In 2011, it 1 (add) to China’s national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage list. In Leping, a county-level city in Jiangxi Province, the Leping Ganju Opera Troupe (剧团) has trained performers and kept the art alive for decades. Actor Hu Haidong, now 51, grew up in this area. Born into a family of Ganju performers, he began learning 2 his father at 13. However, in the late 20th century, Ganju faced serious challenges. Audiences grew older and markets became smaller, 3 (leave) many troupes struggling to survive. Hu saw no future, so he left the troupe in 2005 4 worked in banana fields far from the stage. The turning point came around 2012, when local authorities reformed the troupe into a more market-driven 5 (organize). Artists gained greater freedom 6 (choose) plays and adapt scripts (剧本). 7 ranks as one of their most ambitious creative experiments is that they have successfully adapted Shakespeare’s King Lear into a Ganju production. For Hu, this production was more than just a new role. It brought back his faith in the art form 8 was once left behind by him. Since its first show in 2024, the play has 9 (deep) impressed a broad audience, and that proved a local opera rooted in tradition can still resonate (共鸣) powerfully with 10 (today) viewers. （25-26高二下·云南普洱·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our town’s community center, with free music classes attracting both kids and seniors, 1 (become) a popular place for communication between generations in recent years. The 2 (grow) of such programs shows how art can bring people of different ages closer. Nothing matches the unexpected joy of hearing a grandparent and grandchild play a duet. When I first joined the project, I never planned to stay longer than a month. But as I kept attending, I found 3 (I) increasingly inspired by the shared smiles. 4 makes this place meaningful is that it creates chances for people to connect. Among the activities 5 (design) to build community spirit, group music-making is the most popular. Weekly rehearsals encourage teamwork, and members can communicate 6 each other in a relaxing environment. Through this art form, lonely people 7 (offer) warmth and courage to open their hearts and make new friends. The cooperative spirit builds confidence, 8 the joy of creating music together greatly reduces loneliness. It is such a project 9 goal is to build harmony across ages. The regular group music participation 10 (effective) improves mood and social skills. （25-26高二下·陕西渭南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese science fiction readers have long been curious about what would follow Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Trilogy. According to US sci-fi scholar Song Mingwei, the answer is clear: a new wave of Chinese sci-fi 1 (emerge) right at this moment. At an international sci-fi event, Song said, “Following the first wave 2 (lead) by Liu Cixin that brought Chinese sci-fi to the world, the second wave is created by younger 3 (writer) in a free literary universe.” Liu Cixin also spoke via video, 4 (say) that humanity stands at a unique point where the future is already here, yet history remains ever-present. “As machines grow 5 (smart), people seem more bewildered (困惑的). Young Chinese science fiction creators are devoting themselves 6 enriching these discussions with their captivating works,” Liu added. Similarly, Gu Shi’s award-winning story City of Choice is an 7 (explore) of a difficult question. It reimagines the legendary Chinese figure Da Yu as an AI navigation system designed 8 (help) people escape flooding. The protagonist (主人公) discovers that the AI prioritizes speed when guiding her child 9 slows down when she is alone, effectively abandoning the elderly and the sick. With an open ending, the story “could be a scenario from our era 10 science fiction can explore, opening up a topic for discussion,” Gu added. （25-26高二下·福建厦门·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Originally 1 (construct) in the early Ming Dynasty, Suzhou’s Humble Administrator’s Garden stands as one of China’s most celebrated classical gardens and was recognized as 2 UNESCO World Heritage Site in the late 20th. The design of the garden follows the fundamental principle of “learning from nature”, 3 (employ) complicated techniques such as “borrowing scenery” to integrate distant views into the garden’s composition. The layout perfectly demonstrates the philosophical concept of harmony between humans and nature, with every element — 4 the carefully placed rocks to the strategically crafted windows serving both functional and aesthetic purposes, enhancing the spatial layering of the garden 5 offering a visual feast for visitors. With water as its central element, nearly one-third of the garden’s area is covered by ponds and streams, which are crossed by 6 (fantasy) stone bridges and surrounded by winding paths. Xiaofeihong, the only existing covered bridge in Suzhou, features red railings that cast reflections in the water like a rainbow, creating an 7 (artistic) pleasing scene. Connecting the eastern and western banks, the bridge serves not only as a vital passageway but also as an ideal spot for sightseeing, 8 visitors can enjoy a clear view of the surrounding lotus flowers and pine trees. To protect this cultural treasure, a variety of protective measures 9 (adopt), including digital monitoring systems, regular maintenance agreement, and visitor flow management over the past decades, ensuring the successful 10 (conserve) of both the garden’s physical structures and its delicate ecosystem. （25-26高二下·湖南岳阳·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Not only is Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but it 1 (be) also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world. There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, 2 are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water 3 (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of 4 (it) residents. It 5 (think) that some of Canada’s earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started 6 (settle) in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada’s population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety brings about 7 (culture) diversity. You can participate 8 the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada’s geographical 9 (wonder), ethnic groups and their cultures make it 10 unique place to live and visit. （25-26高二下·云南曲靖·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qujing is famous for its “Cuan Culture”. The Cuan Baozi Stele, 1 (carve) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is a national treasure. It is not only a valuable piece of calligraphy but also a record of the history of the Cuan family. In recent years, the local government 2 (invest) heavily in cultural heritage protection. Many ancient buildings 3 (restore) and museums have been built. Moreover, traditional festivals are being promoted. The Torch Festival of the Yi people, 4 is celebrated every year, attracts thousands of tourists. During the festival, people light torches, dance, and hold horse races. It is a time 5 (celebrate) harvest and pray for good luck. These efforts not only preserve history but also boost local tourism.Visitors from home and abroad come 6 (experience) the unique culture. As a result, many young people have become more interested in their own heritage. They volunteer as guides or participate in cultural 7 (activity). 8 (learn) about local culture helps build a sense of identity. It also reminds us that we should protect our cultural treasures for future 9 (generation). After all, 10 is often said, “A nation’s culture lives in the hearts of its people.” （25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, “China Travel” has become a buzzword (流行语) on overseas social media, as more and more international travelers 1 (eager) come to explore the time-honored Forbidden City in Beijing, the light-sparkling Bund in Shanghai, and the world-famous scenery of Guilin, among others. The international tourists streaming to explore China have demonstrated China’s continuous efforts 2 (promote) opening up. The 3 (close) foreign travelers get to China, the more authentic (真实的) their experience becomes. Many first-time visitors to China have discovered “a different China” and changed their preconceptions. “I wonder how many places in the world are this safe at dawn,” said a British tourist while 4 (explore) Chinese streets. “In China, all you need is a mobile phone,” said a Malaysian tourist, 5 entered China visa-free. Authenticity generates appreciation. The close 6 (encounter) with a real, multi-dimensional (多维度的) China have enriched international tourists’ understanding of the country. The deeper they dive 7 China, the more fascinated they become. More and more international travelers have found themselves 8 (amaze) at China’s stunning natural scenery, splendid culture and arts, and convenient transportation. They have been charmed by the natural and cultural beauty of China, a safe 9 welcoming country. The key to state-to-state relations 10 (lie) in close bonds between peoples. As a bridge for cultural exchanges, “China Travel” has helped foreign tourists better understand China and strengthened friendly ties between peoples. （25-26高二下·重庆·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past few years, a fascinating cultural phenomenon 1 (arise) across China: a growing number of foreign tourists are 2 (enthusiastic) embracing traditional Chinese clothing like Hanfu. At iconic sites such as the Forbidden City, visitors can 3 (see) dressed in exquisite Hanfu, posing for photos against historic backdrops. This trend reflects a deeper appreciation for 4 profound cultural heritage rather than mere curiosity. This stylish wave is also taking over short video platforms like TikTok, 5 , observers say, is a symbol of China’s booming national confidence. On TikTok, the Hanfu hashtag (话题标签) has collected billions 6 views, with foreigners sharing their photos and expressing how wearing Hanfu makes them feel like super stars in Chinese dramas. Meanwhile, Chinese content creators and bloggers have been actively promoting Hanfu overseas, and 7 (introduce) the stories behind the clothing, they also have been organizing all kinds of activities. This exchange is mutually enriching: foreigners gain meaningful immersion into Chinese traditions, while Chinese youth find creative channels to share 8 (they) heritage. The combination of traditional clothing with modern fashion and 9 (medium) has not only boosted cultural confidence but also created new 10 (consume), turning Hanfu into a dynamic symbol of China’s soft power. 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）Several years ago, standing outside a cabin in Michigan, I looked up at the night sky. Thousands of stars filled the sky, and the Milky Way unfurled (展开) across it. The sight almost made me, a nonbeliever, offer a word of gratitude — perhaps to Johan Eklöf, author of The Darkness Manifesto. Eklöf, a bat scientist in Sweden, requires absolute darkness for his work. But this darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, two-thirds of churches in southwest Sweden housed bat colonies. Today, that number has declined by a third due to light pollution. “We are blasting ourselves with light,” he writes. We have all noticed empty places floodlit at night. Inhabitants of Hong Kong live beneath a night sky 1,200 times brighter than an unlit sky. Citizens of some large cities have never allowed their eyes to adapt to true night vision, which takes half an hour of complete darkness. The effects on wildlife are equally alarming. A third of vertebrates (脊椎动物) and two-thirds of invertebrates are active at night. Excess light scares away bats, stuns light-sensitive moths, and makes them easy targets for predators. Newly hatched turtles crawl away from shorelines toward distant city lights. Corals no longer mate on schedule, reef fish eggs go unhatched, and birds forget to sing or migrate on time. Eklöf’s excellent book shaped my thinking. I found myself sharing its insights with my children at the dinner table, repeatedly asking, “Yes, but did you know?” I can think of no better praise than that. However, the author acknowledges that darkness is not safe for everyone. We must address the social issues that make lighted places appealing in the first place. Some solutions to light pollution are within our grasp: motion-detecting lights, shielded lights that do not reflect upward, and artificial light that mimics natural wavelengths. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to,” Eklöf said. “So it’s vital we find a middle way.” In 50 years, every city might be lit by environmentally low-impact LED lights — or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is, the sky filled with little moons. 1．Why does the author mention Johan Eklöf in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To stress his profession. C．To thank him for the book. D．To show the book’s influence. 2．The word “blasting” in paragraph 2 most probably means __________. A．exploding violently. B．blocking naturally. C．heating gradually. D．harming seriously. 3．How does the author show the effects of light pollution on humans and wildlife? A．By quoting sayings and studies. B．By using data and examples. C．By sharing experiences and feelings. D．By raising problems and doubts. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the future of light pollution? A．Hopeless. B．Objective. C．Concerned. D．Optimistic. （25-26高二下·河北衡水·阶段检测）Emperor penguins have braved cold, storms, starvation and natural enemies to breed (繁殖), ensuring the survival of their population. But now climate change might defeat the iconic Antarctic birds. On April 9, emperor penguins were officially moved from threatened to endangered status by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The IUCN Red List records the threat level of wild species. “Endangered” means the birds face a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Scientists say the breakup and loss of Antarctic sea ice is pushing emperor penguins to the edge. Over the last decade, Antarctic sea ice has reached record lows and breaks up earlier each year. Emperor penguins rely on stable fast ice to breed and raise young. If ice breaks too soon, chicks without waterproof feathers will drown or freeze to death. In 2022, satellites observed the disastrous loss of five separate emperor penguin reproduction sites near the Bellingshausen Sea: The sea ice beneath them broke apart, leading to an estimated loss of some 10,000 chicks. Current emperor penguin populations are estimated at around 595,000 adults, a decrease of 10 percent to 22 percent compared with 2009, and the population is expected to halve by 2080. “The emperor penguin’s move to Endangered is a clear warning: Climate change is speeding up the extinction crisis before our eyes,” Martin Harper, CEO of BirdLife International, said in a statement. The organization led the emperor penguin assessment. The loss of sea ice is also responsible for the rapid decline of the Antarctic fur seal, the IUCN report says. Once listed as “least concern”, their population dropped sharply from 2,187 million in 1999 to 944,000 in 2025, earning them endangered status. Warmer oceans and less sea ice force krill (磷虾), their primary food source, into deeper waters, greatly reducing the survival rate of baby seals. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By quoting an expert’s opinion. B．By contrasting past and present. C．By describing a historical event. D．By presenting a surprising cause. 2．What caused emperor penguins to be listed as endangered? A．Lack of food in Antarctica. B．Increasing natural enemies. C．Severe storms and extreme cold. D．Loss of stable ice for reproduction. 3．Why does the author mention the data in paragraph 4? A．To compare different penguin species. B．To suggest moving to new breeding sites. C．To show the severity of population decline. D．To prove the accuracy of satellite observation. 4．What does Martin Harper imply about climate change? A．It will be solved by protecting sea ice. B．It has little impact on marine ecosystems. C．It mainly threatens penguins in Antarctica. D．It causes species to disappear at a faster rate. （25-26高二下·四川广安·阶段检测）China’s highest academic institution for natural sciences opened its doors to science lovers to share the latest scientific and technological achievements, with the goal of popularizing science and allowing the public to engage with noted scientists and key research facilities. The institute featured dozens of exhibitions on China’s latest achievements in artificial intelligence, autonomous underwater vehicles, lunar exploration and experiments onboard the Tiangong space station. The public were feverish since this was the first time in three years that the academy had been able to hold live activities on Public Science Day. Parents and children began queuing outside the front doors of the academy’s Institute of Physics early in the morning. The Institute of Automation extended opening hours several times to accommodate visitors, and tickets were sold out in hours. Children of all ages came to see the institute’s scientists conduct colorful and thought-provoking (发人深省的) physics experiments. After the show, they were able to use the instruments themselves and ask questions about their use. Cao Ying, a Beijing resident attending the event with her 3-year-old son, said that she had previously only known about these scientific achievements through the news. She added that it had been eye-opening to experience them first-hand and to talk to the scientists behind them. “Science education should start at an early age,” she said. “Seeing these scientific achievements in person makes me appreciate the hard work and ingenuity (独创性) of our scientists even more.” Chinese scientists and engineers have accomplished many great things, and the achievements should not be locked away in an ivory tower. By communicating their findings to the public, scientists also learn more about the actual needs of the people, which helps open up new areas of research and use. One example is using humanoid robots to care for the elderly. 1．How did the institute involve the public in scientific events? A．By popularizing scientific findings. B．By communicating with scientists and engineers. C．By engaging the public in scientific experiments. D．By exhibiting the newest achievements of science and technology. 2．What does the underlined word “feverish” mean in paragraph 3? A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Excited. D．Embarrassed. 3．What is paragraph 6 mainly about? A．Admiration for hard work. B．Advice for science education. C．Recommendation from experts. D．Supportive response from the audience. 4．What can scientists benefit from the activity? A．They can get inspiration. B．They can be known to the public. C．They can invent humanoid robots. D．They can exhibit their achievements. （25-26高二下·河南洛阳·阶段检测）A small, quiet Caribbean island has been transformed into a successful breeding (繁殖) ground for the critically endangered Lesser Antillean iguana (鬣蜥). Once absent from Prickly Pear East, the species now multiplies there, with scientists celebrating the rising population. The Lesser Antillean iguana faced extinction across most of its native range. A major threat comes from the introduced green iguana, which competes for food, is more aggressive (进攻性), and interbreeds with the native species, diluting its genetics. Nearly a decade ago, the native iguanas had disappeared from Prickly Pear East. Determined to save the species, conservationists from the Anguilla National Trust launched a rescue mission. In 2015, they carefully captured the few remaining native iguanas on the main island of Anguilla. After genetic testing confirmed they were purebred, the first ten were transported by boat to Prickly Pear East. With no dogs, cats, traffic, or green iguanas, the small island offered a safe home. The relocation of the iguanas achieved remarkable results. The iguanas adapted and began breeding. The population on the small island has now grown to approximately 300, making it one of five key global sites for the species’ recovery. It is estimated that fewer than 20,000 of these iguanas survive worldwide. To further ensure the health of the new population, scientists sought to increase its genetic diversity. They collaborated with authorities in Dominica, which is home to the region’s largest remaining population of Lesser Antillean iguanas. After health checks, additional iguanas were carefully flown from Dominica to Anguilla and then released on Prickly Pear East. The iguanas, which are bright green when they are young and turn dark gray or black as adults, now breed freely across the island. While Prickly Pear East remains unoccupied by people and welcomes visiting boaters, the endangered iguanas are under strict protection and will never be hunted locally. This project shows how a species can be brought back from the edge of extinction. It proves that when endangered animals are kept safe from non-native species and harmful human activities, they can rebound and grow well. 1．What does the underlined word “diluting” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Weakening the uniqueness of. B．Protecting the diversity of. C．Improving the quality of. D．Strengthening the stability of. 2．Why were the first ten iguanas sent to Prickly Pear East? A．To test their genetic purity. B．To provide them a protected habitat. C．To study their breeding habits. D．To capture green iguanas there. 3．Which word best describes the project carried out by the Anguilla National Trust? A．Time-consuming. B．Risky. C．Successful. D．Disappointing. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A Caribbean travel brochure. B．A recipe book of local food. C．A magazine on wildlife biology. D．A textbook of Anguilla history. （25-26高二下·海南海口·期中）18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake. This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways. Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard. Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention. In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts. What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College. 1．What inspired William to bring electricity to his village? A．His realization of the impact of electricity. B．His awareness of the role of education. C．The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D．The severe famine destroying his village. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Many people didn’t support William’s dream at first. B．The public had little interest in William’s invention. C．The invention enabled William to make a big fortune. D．The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. 3．What does the underlined phrase “set in stone” in the last paragraph mean? A．Visible. B．Avoidable. C．Unchangeable. D．Unpredictable. 4．What message does the author want to convey in this story? A．Support fuels progress and unity builds hope. B．Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes. C．Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth. D．Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation. （25-26高二下·云南·阶段检测）Following the Famous Silk Roads The Silk Roads were a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor (走廊) , which stretches over a distance of around 5, 000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8, 700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application. The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network is Xi’an, in Shaanxi Province. Further west on the Silk Roads, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the valleys of Central Asia. Although the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean. The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk. They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods. The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable. China’s exports included silk, porcelain, ironware and tea, while horses, jewellery, spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West. In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West. All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage. 1．What is the core section of the Silk Roads? A．The Mediterranean. B．Xi’an, in Shaanxi Province. C．Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. D．The Chang’an-Tianshan corridor. 2．What can we infer about the corridor’s early growth? A．Roman Empire founded its trade business. B．Its birth promoted later East-West trade and cultural connections. C．It won world heritage status through separate national research. D．Western goods reached China right after Zhang’s visit. 3．Why did Zhang Qian travel from Chang’an to Central Asia? A．Purchase horses, jewellery, spices and grapes. B．Export silk, porcelain, ironware and tea. C．Establish diplomatic relations between his country and others. D．Seek help from the most powerful western countries. 4．What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage? A．It speeded up the development of the countries involved. B．It was recognized by the UNESCO as China’s heritage. C．It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands. D．It started a trade competition between countries along the way. （25-26高二下·河南洛阳·阶段检测）As we age, it becomes common to experience stiffness (僵硬) or discomfort during simple daily movements. However, if such problems occur frequently, it may indicate the need to focus on mobility exercises. According to sports medicine specialists, maintaining good mobility is essential for long-term health and can help reduce the risk of various diseases, including heart conditions and depression. Mobility is often confused with flexibility, but the two are distinct concepts. Flexibility refers to how far a muscle can stretch, while mobility combines strength with the ability to move freely through a full range of motion. It involves the coordinated function of muscles, joints, tendons, and ligaments. Without adequate mobility, everyday tasks such as reaching overhead, bending down, or lifting objects can become challenging. From around the age of 30, the body naturally begins to lose collagen (胶原蛋白), leading to weaker muscular support and increased stress on joints. Even active individuals may overlook certain muscle groups, such as those supporting the shoulders and spine. Two early signs may suggest the need for mobility training: first, general joint stiffness or aching without significant exertion; second, sharp pain or swelling after occasional physical activity, such as playing sports. Experts warn against extreme self-tests popular on social media, which can easily cause injury without proper guidance. Instead, simple assessments like standing up from a chair without using hands or balancing on one foot can indicate current mobility levels. To maintain or improve mobility, regular low-impact exercises are recommended. Walking daily is an accessible starting point, especially for those who are less active. Integrating short mobility sessions into existing routines—such as hip lifts, knee pulls, or spinal twists—can gradually enhance movement capacity. Exercises like Tai Chi and yoga are also beneficial as follow-up practices, as they promote strength, balance, and joint mobility. For those seeking a structured workout plan, body-weight exercises like chair squats or wall push-ups can be done at home. As these become easier, resistance bands may be added to build further strength. Consistency is key; improvements in mobility may take several weeks to become noticeable, but regular, intentional practice leads to lasting and meaningful results. In summary, focusing on mobility through safe, regular exercises helps preserve functional independence and supports overall well-being throughout aging. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Tasks challenging for inactive people. B．Differences between mobility and flexibility. C．How to improve muscle stretching ability. D．Diseases caused by poor joint function. 2．Which is a simple mobility assessment? A．Balancing on one foot. B．Lifting heavy objects. C．Trying extreme social media tests. D．Using hands to stand up from a chair. 3．What is a recommended starting exercise for less active people? A．Practicing Tai Chi regularly. B．Doing wall push-ups frequently. C．Using resistance bands at home. D．Walking daily. 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To warn against extreme self-tests. B．To compare mobility and flexibility. C．To introduce high-impact exercise types. D．To stress the importance of mobility in aging. （25-26高二下·湖北十堰·阶段检测）For customers who don’t have the freedom to choose where they shop, technological advancements are making price discrimination (歧视) increasingly likely. Flexibility-based price discrimination allows companies to charge different people different prices for the same product or service, based on how easily they can walk away. When consumers can easily find better deals elsewhere, they hold the power. However, AI tools are allowing sellers to become increasingly expert at uncovering how much flexibility their consumers have, which raises serious concerns. In a recent study, we examined how flexibility-based price discrimination affects a seller’s profitability in a competitive market, and studied how consumer welfare is affected. The findings demonstrated that companies that utilize consumer inflexibility are likely to boom, often at the expense of those with the least power to choose. They don’t just raise prices when customers aren’t able to easily switch to a competitor, for low-income consumers they reduce product quality as well. This double blow hits low-income consumers hard. Dollar stores, for example, often serve low-income communities in smaller markets. When these retailers realize their customers have limited alternatives, they are less likely to keep prices low. Moreover, tests revealed the presence of poisonous components in colorfully labeled children’s products at American and Canadian dollar stores. But this is only part of the story. When these same techniques are used to target wealthier consumers, it can result in positive social outcomes for them. In contrast, high-income consumers may see their product quality improve. This is because high-income consumers are willing and able to pay for the improved quality and technology-enabled price discrimination can enable the seller to satisfy their needs better. The same thing happens with trade barriers and tariffs (关税). Product quality, price and income are known to be interconnected, with lower-income inflexible consumers suffering more than high-income consumers in the same situation. Any barriers that reduce consumer flexibility disproportionately harm low-income consumers, who are more likely to face lower-quality products as a result. Our study provides valuable insights for both lawmakers and policymakers. It shows that new policies are necessary to protect vulnerable consumers with limited flexibility from price discrimination. 1．What does the underlined word “utilize” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Refer to. B．Depend on. C．Take advantage of. D．Get rid of. 2．What do companies tend to do when consumers lack purchase choices? A．Expand product varieties. B．Lower prices to attract more customers. C．Reduce product quality for low-income groups. D．Prioritize the needs of high-income consumers. 3．Why does the author mention dollar stores? A．To show how companies draw on consumer inflexibility. B．To highlight health risks for children in low-income areas. C．To criticize their addition of harmful chemicals in products. D．To compare product quality between different income groups. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward price discrimination? A．Favourable. B．Skeptical. C．Objective. D．Disapproving. （25-26高二下·山东德州·阶段检测）In May 2026, a photograph from a high-profile state banquet in Beijing captured global attention. Seated at the center, next to tech giants Elon Musk and Tim Cook, was Zhou Qunfei, the founder of Lens Technology. This striking arrangement was more than a mere formality; it served as a powerful evidence to Zhou’s resilience, marking her evolution from a humble factory worker to a leading figure in the global electronics supply chain. Widely acknowledged as the “Queen of Glass,” Zhou built her empire by mastering the production of touchscreens for smartphones. Her journey, however, was paved with hardships. Born into poverty in Hunan Province, she dropped out of school at 15 to support her family. Yet, her relentless ambition drove her to establish her own workshop in 1993. Through decades of innovation, she transformed Lens Technology into an essential partner for the world’s leading tech giants. Despite her established success, Zhou remains acutely aware of market unpredictability. In 2026, facing a saturation (饱和) in the global smartphone market and a subsequent drop in profits, she recognized the risk of over-reliance on a single sector. Consequently, Lens Technology fulfilled a strategic adjustment: acquiring a controlling stake (股份) in Jentech International, a premier manufacturer of metal components. This purchase represents a key shift toward business diversification. By integrating Jentech’s advantage in metal casings, Zhou aims to provide a seamless “one-stop” solution, creating powerful industrial synergy (产业协同). Moreover, she is aggressively leading the company toward emerging frontiers, including commercial aerospace and embodied intelligence (robotics). Zhou’s track illustrates a profound business philosophy: in the fast-paced tech industry, change is the only constant. By constantly adapting and expanding her investments, she ensures Lens Technology stays ahead of the curve. Her story stands as an inspiring reminder that true success stems not just from hard work, but from the visionary courage to evolve when the world changes. 1．What does the author imply by describing the seating arrangement in the first paragraph? A．It was a coincidence that happened during the banquet. B．It highlighted the close personal friendship between the three leaders. C．It symbolized Zhou Qunfei’s significant rise and status in the tech world. D．It indicated that Lens Technology had officially merged with Tesla and Apple. 2．Why did Zhou Qunfei decide to acquire Jentech International in 2026? A．Because Jentech was the only company willing to sell its shares. B．To reduce the production costs of glass touchscreens. C．To diversify the business and face the slowing smartphone market. D．Because she wanted to exit the smartphone supply chain completely. 3．What does the underlined phrase “ahead of the curve” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Drawing a perfect line. B．Following others blindly. C．Falling behind competitors. D．Staying in a leading position. 4．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the text? A．Zhou Qunfei:The History of Lens Technology. B．Zhou Qunfei: From Glass Screens to Global Vision. C．Zhou Qunfei:The Challenges of the Smartphone Market. D．Zhou Qunfei: A Banquet for Tech Giants around the world. （25-26高二下·广西南宁·阶段检测）Are you looking to have a classic science fiction book collection? Here are four of the top sci-fi authors to ever write in the genre (体裁). Aldous Huxley Aldous Huxley’s influence is huge and lasts until this day. His writing almost predicts many of the ways in which science would change the world and shapes scientific and technological advancements. Brave New World ($11.31) is still widely considered one of the most important novels of all time. Huxley is considered a philosopher outside of his work as an author. Robert A．Heinlein Having helped to establish some of the biggest and best subgenres within sci-fi, Robert A．Heinlein was also one of the first writers to explore themes related to society through science fiction. For newcomers to Heinlein, Stranger in a Strange Land ($11.94) and Starship Troopers ($15.39) are excellent starting points. Larry Niven Larry Niven is one of the most imaginative authors to ever publish in the science fiction genre. Perhaps best known for his Ringworld series ($36.42), Niven has released a mixture of hard sci-fi, humorous works, and even stories with a sort of private eye feel to them. Niven is so widely known that there is such a thing as Niven’s Laws, a series of rules explaining the universe through Niven’s viewpoint. Douglas Adams The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy ($11.29) is the first book in his highly popular series of comedy science fiction novels, and Adams’ works continue to be adapted and enjoyed to this very day. Although Adams wasn’t a sci-fi novelist in the traditional sense, having originally released The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy as a radio play, the impact of his work earned him a spot on this list. 1．What is special about Aldous Huxley’s writing? A．It connects with philosophy. B．It is widely adapted for movies. C．It is difficult for sci-fi beginners. D．It predicts scientific development. 2．Which sci-fi novel explores social topics? A．Brave New World. B．The Ringworld series. C．Stranger in a Strange Land. D．The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. 3．What do the Ringworld series and The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy have in common? A．They both focus on the universe. B．They are both entertaining to read. C．They are both basically radio plays. D．They both describe science’s influence. 三、完形填空 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）“You can use me as a last choice, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual 1 from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ hockey club. I guess there’s some demanding work schedule, or social 2 around stepping up to help with an unknown sport. She may just need a little 3 . So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I 4 the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on ... At this point the unwilling parent 5 , “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in 6 volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent 7 the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up as an 8 member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the 9 for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to thirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid 10 a goal. Still, most of us 11 breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of 12 the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you 13 give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good. In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a 14 act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? After all, the shared joy of giving 15 the initial hesitation. 1．A．reply B．request C．demand D．refusal 2．A．issues B．factors C．anxiety D．change 3．A．training B．helping C．learning D．persuading 4．A．have B．mention C．picture D．notice 5．A．speaks up B．picks up C．opens up D．turns up 6．A．accepting B．sharing C．taking D．claiming 7．A．chooses B．orders C．prepares D．organizes 8．A．fearless B．independent C．invaluable D．worthless 9．A．hook B．return C．call D．chance 10．A．set B．pursue C．score D．realize 11．A．players B．trainers C．volunteers D．parents 12．A．why B．when C．how D．where 13．A．humbly B．freely C．happily D．readily 14．A．generous B．loving C．warm D．selfish 15．A．hides B．forgets C．replaces D．outweighs （25-26高二下·云南普洱·期末）Luke Coelho recently transferred from Brazil to attend school in the United States. He knows that 1 is the shared value respected and cherished in every country and culture. One day, he discovered a donated jacket in a public area. Inside it, there lay something that carried a family’s most precious 2 . Without any hesitation, Luke decided to 3 the good value in real life by returning the 4 jacket to its owner. Andy’s Attic is a clothing donation program at Luke’s new school, and Luke recently 5 the jacket through the program. Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket. When Luke put on the coat, 6 , he found much more than a warm coat. Inside the pocket, Luke discovered some personal 7 , including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings! Luke 8 shared the news with his aunt Taryn Souza and together they set to work trying to 9 the owner of the items. With some detective work, they were 10 to find Dave. Of course, he was 11 to receive the prized pieces back, but he hadn’t even 12 that they were in the jacket! Earlier this year, both Dave’s mother and wife passed away, so he was especially 13 to have back the wedding ring he’d bought for his wife and items that had 14 his mother. Dave stated, “This fine young man did the right thing. I totally 15 what they did for me and my family.” 1．A．courage B．bravery C．generosity D．honesty 2．A．elements B．treasures C．traditions D．memories 3．A．exercise B．check C．promote D．learn 4．A．forgotten B．outdated C．donated D．worn 5．A．discovered B．received C．found D．changed 6．A．to his surprise B．in relief C．out of curiosity D．with joy 7．A．gold B．art C．material D．possessions 8．A．excitedly B．hesitantly C．eventually D．immediately 9．A．locate B．recognize C．remind D．inform 10．A．eager B．likely C．able D．ready 11．A．supposed B．excited C．surprised D．annoyed 12．A．mentioned B．denied C．admitted D．realized 13．A．grateful B．determined C．anxious D．amazed 14．A．led to B．come from C．belonged to D．stood for 15．A．accept B．appreciate C．support D．understand （25-26高二下·山东·期末）It was a freezing winter night. I huddled (蜷缩) in the corner of a 24-hour convenience store, holding a cup of hot chocolate that had already gone 1 . Failing the job interview was like a hit on the chest. I felt like a deflated 2 , all my hopes and dreams just leaking away. Outside the glass window, the stars in the sky were dim (暗), 3 the sorrow in my heart. Suddenly, the silence was broken by the wind bells. An old man in a washed-out cotton jacket, its original 4 hard to tell, pushed the door open. A heavy bag with cleaning tools showed that perhaps he was a cleaner. In his left hand was a bunch of wild flowers in full bloom (盛开). At the counter, he took out a handful of loose 5 to pay for his hot milk. Suddenly, coins 6 on the floor. Naturally, I knelt to help 7 them. He offered the flowers to me with 8 . When my fingertips brushed against his hands, his clouded eyes 9 with a quiet warmth. “Here, child,” he said, “Take these...” I froze with the flowers in my hands. The old man told me how he 10 them during his early-morning street sweeps, took them back home, or gave them to 11 struggling through this cold winter night. “No matter how hard life is, please 12 something to keep going,” he whispered, “Just like these flowers, still 13 blooming despite the cold.” That night, I walked home with the flowers. Starlight 14 through the clouds, shining over me. True starlight doesn’t only exist in the vast sky above, but also exists in the small, warm 15 of ordinary souls. 1．A．cold B．sour C．bad D．sweet 2．A．bomb B．star C．balloon D．engine 3．A．correcting B．guiding C．inspiring D．mirroring 4．A．color B．style C．identity D．function 5．A．food B．change C．flowers D．receipts 6．A．shone B．appeared C．dropped D．flowed 7．A．rescue B．count C．pack D．gather 8．A．tenderness B．hesitation C．curiosity D．patience 9．A．rolled B．closed C．softened D．widened 10．A．ordered B．collected C．cleaned D．delivered 11．A．strangers B．relatives C．followers D．readers 12．A．run out of B．make up for C．take charge of D．hold on to 13．A．randomly B．separately C．determinedly D．generally 14．A．looked B．danced C．floated D．sheltered 15．A．wisdom B．honesty C．rebirth D．kindness （25-26高二下·黑龙江辽宁·期末）A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s 1 , she said she would go. This 2 be the first time that his classmates and teacher 3 his mother and he felt 4 of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar (伤疤) that 5 nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to 6 why or how she got the scar. At the meeting, the people were 7 by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother 8 the scar, but the little boy was still embarrassed (尴尬的) and 9 himself from everyone. He did, however, get within 10 of a conversation between his mother and his teacher. The teacher asked 11 , “How did you get the scar on your face?” The mother replied, “ 12 my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was 13 afraid to go in because the fire was 14 , so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked senseless but 15 , a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She touched the burned side of her face. “This scar will be there forever, but to this day, I have never regretted what I did.” At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He hugged her and felt a great sense of the sacrifice (牺牲) that his mother had made for him. He held her hand tightly for the rest of the day. 1．A．enjoyment B．disappointment C．surprise D．excitement 2．A．would B．could C．should D．must 3．A．noticed B．greeted C．met D．accepted 4．A．sick B．ashamed C．afraid D．tired 5．A．included B．passed C．covered D．shaded 6．A．talk about B．think about C．care about D．hear about 7．A．impressed B．surprised C．excited D．comforted 8．A．in sight of B．by means of C．by way of D．in spite of 9．A．hid B．protected C．separated D．divided 10．A．understanding B．reminding C．hearing D．learning 11．A．carefully B．seriously C．nervously D．anxiously 12．A．As B．When C．Since D．While 13．A．so B．much C．quite D．too 14．A．out of control B．under control C．in control D．over control 15．A．surely B．hopefully C．luckily D．unluckily （25-26高二下·四川成都·期中）I had just started my first year of college when a bike ran into me. The cyclist raced down the slope (斜坡) too fast, the brakes 1 , and the whole bike hit me full on and I crashed to the ground. When I opened my eyes, I saw faces hovering over me and heard voices shouting for 2 . At that moment, I had no idea of how 3 I had been injured. Soon, an ambulance 4 me to the hospital, where my arm started to swell (肿胀) alarmingly and I lost feeling in my 5 . The weeks that followed were rough on me. I could not write or eat. Every morning, I 6 hoping that the feeling in my fingers would 7 , and every night, I went to bed, feeling 8 that the damage might be permanent. But I refused to let the injury 9 me. Though the road to recovery was far from 10 , I hunted for tiny wins. First, I learned to hold a rubber ball for ten seconds; then I managed to write my name on a sheet of paper. Each small 11 became a flag of hope. Gradually, I was able to write by hand freely again. I covered my bedroom wall with X-rays (X光片) that 12 my slowly healing bones. Months later, I even 13 the regional calligraphy contest and won an award. When I stepped forward to receive my certificate, I held it with both hands, weak but 14 . The experience taught me an important lesson: Life will 15 us down, but we can choose whether or not to stand back up. 1．A．failed B．worked C．held D．broke 2．A．ambulance B．attention C．help D．police 3．A．suddenly B．narrowly C．unconsciously D．severely 4．A．inspired B．rushed C．allowed D．drove 5．A．eyes B．fingers C．shoulders D．legs 6．A．pulled through B．got over C．kept back D．woke up 7．A．spread B．fade C．return D．last 8．A．panicked B．disappointed C．guilty D．hopeful 9．A．leave B．define C．owe D．remind 10．A．long B．difficult C．great D．smooth 11．A．innovation B．victory C．intention D．step 12．A．described B．secured C．showed D．confirmed 13．A．entered B．organized C．designed D．quit 14．A．surprised B．relieved C．determined D．devoted 15．A．bring B．turn C．pull D．put 四、书信写作 1．（25-26高二下·江苏·阶段检测）假定你是李华，你校上周末组织了高二学生青春诗朗诵（Poetry Recitation of Youth）。请给你的笔友Tom写一封邮件介绍此次活动，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动内容； 3. 你的感触。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2．（25-26高二下·山西·阶段检测）假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Tom来信，对人工智能(AI)技术在中国校园的应用十分好奇，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1．AI技术在校园的应用； 2．谈谈你的看法。 注意：词数80词左右；可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．（25-26高二下·甘肃张掖·阶段检测）假定你是李华，你校将举办“校园英文诗歌节(Campus English Poetry Festival)”，作为英文俱乐部的负责人，你需要在开幕式上发言。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 诗歌的意义； 3. 发出倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear teachers and fellow students, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（25-26高二下·湖南长沙·阶段检测）随着全民文化自信的增强，文化遗产旅游受热捧。请你针对这一现象用英语写一篇短文向学校英语报投稿，内容包括： （1）你的看法； （2）文化遗产旅游带来的益处； （3）总结。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 The Rise of Cultural Heritage Tourism ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．（25-26高二下·河北衡水·阶段检测）假定你是李华，你校英文报计划推出暑期特刊，聚焦全球青年志愿行动，现面向全校招募志愿者编辑，负责“Volunteers Worldwide”栏目的稿件整理与英文编辑工作。请你写一封申请信，内容包括： (1)写信目的； (2)个人优势及工作设想； (3)表达期望。 注意：(1)词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期末考前押题组合练 （语法填空10篇+完形填空5篇+阅读理解10篇+书信写作5篇） 一、语法填空 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 From Swiss travel retailer (零售商) Avolta to Bangladeshi trade representatives, a diverse range of international companies attended the sixth China International Consumer Products Expo in Haikou, Hainan province, last week, turning the exhibition center into a 1 (bustle) crossroads of global commerce. The expo, which took place from April 13 to April 18, marked the first major international event since island-wide special customs operations 2 (launch) in Hainan late last year. The event attracted more than 3,400 brands from over 60 countries and regions. For foreign businesses, the expo offers a close look at Hainan’s policy environment, 3 is widely seen as a landmark step in expanding high-standard opening-up and 4 (foster) an open world economy. Exhibitors and representatives from multiple countries said the expo serves as 5 vital showcase platform, 6 China’s market functioning as a “global innovation testing ground” for businesses worldwide. Arefin Jubdatul, an exhibitor from Bangladesh, 7 (praise) Hainan’s efficient and business-friendly environment. He noted that the company registration process has accelerated 8 (significant). “Now it takes about 7 to 15 days 9 (complete) the process of setting up a company,” he said. Switzerland-based Avolta, a global travel retail and food and beverage company operating in more than 70 countries, was exhibiting at the Hainan expo for the first time. “We are pleased to participate in this year’s expo for the first time as an exhibitor,” Michael Wong, managing director for North Asia at Avolta, said. “It provides an important platform to present Avolta’s capabilities, strengthen relationships across the industry and support closer connections between 10 (brand), partners and markets.” 【答案】 1．bustling 2．were launched 3．which 4．fostering 5．a 6．with 7．praised 8．significantly 9．to complete 10．brands 【导语】本文主要讲的是第六届中国国际消费品博览会在海南海口成功举办，吸引了60多个国家和地区的3400多个品牌参加，成为外国企业了解海南政策环境、开拓中国市场的重要平台。 1．考查形容词。句意：从瑞士旅游零售商Avolta到孟加拉国贸易代表，上周，来自各行各业的国际企业齐聚海南海口，参加第六届中国国际消费品博览会，将展览中心变成了一个热闹非凡的全球商业交汇点。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词crossroads，bustle的形容词是bustling，意为“熙熙攘攘的，忙乱的”。 2．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：本届消博会于4月13日至18日举办，是去年年底海南全岛开启特殊海关运作以来的首个大型国际活动。主语“island-wide special customs operations”与动词launch之间是被动关系。再结合主句谓语动词“marked”和时间状语“late last year”，从句应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为复数，因此空格处是were launched。 3．考查定语从句。句意：对境外企业而言，消博会提供了一个近距离了解海南政策环境的机会。海南的政策被广泛视为扩大高水平对外开放、推动建设开放型世界经济的标志性举措。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Hainan’s policy environment”，关系词在从句中作主语，指代事物，应用关系代词which。 4．考查动名词。句意：对境外企业而言，消博会提供了一个近距离了解海南政策环境的机会。海南的政策被广泛视为扩大高水平对外开放、推动建设开放型世界经济的标志性举措。分析句子结构可知，连词and连接两个并列成分，共同作介词in的宾语。因此foster需用动名词形式fostering。 5．考查冠词。句意：来自多个国家的参展商和代表表示，消博会是一个重要的展示平台，中国市场正充当全球企业的“国际创新试验场”。platform为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个重要的展示平台”，且vital以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 6．考查介词。句意：来自多个国家的参展商和代表表示，消博会是一个重要的展示平台，中国市场正充当全球企业的“国际创新试验场”。逗号后为“名词+现在分词”结构，在句中作伴随状语，需用with复合结构，为“with+名词+现在分词”，说明“中国市场作为国际创新试验场”这一伴随情况，因此空格处是介词with。 7．考查时态。句意：来自孟加拉国的参展商Arefin Jubdatul称赞了海南高效、友好的营商环境。本句主语为“Arefin Jubdatul”，空格处为谓语动词。根据下文“He noted”可知，描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，动词praise的过去式为praised。 8．考查副词。句意：他指出，公司注册流程已大幅提速。此处需用副词修饰谓语动词“has accelerated”，表示“显著加快”。形容词significant的副词形式为significantly。 9．考查不定式。句意：“现在设立一家公司大约只需要7到15天。”他说。“It takes some time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“做某事要花费多少时间”，其中It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。 10．考查名词的复数。句意：它提供了一个重要平台，让我们展示Avolta的能力，加强行业内的合作关系，并促进品牌、合作伙伴与市场之间更紧密的联系。根据空格后的并列成分“partners and markets”可知，此处需填名词的复数形式，与空后并列。brand是可数名词，复数形式为brands。 （25-26高二下·山东淄博·期末）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Science Of Scratching Mom knew what she was talking about after all: Scratching really does make the itch worse. Good 1 it feels, the burst of ecstasy (狂喜) you get from clawing your irritated skin only prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle, putting true relief 2 (far) out of reach. But why? Though itch has troubled our species for thousands of years, scientists have just begun to comprehend the physiological mechanisms 3 it. Over the past couple of decades, research has shown 4 scratching taps into our brains’ reward and immune systems, producing a strange mix of sensations that makes it all but impossible to resist. “You scratch to feel better,” says Brian Kim, a neuroimmunologist at Mount Sinai’s Icahn School of Medicine, “but in doing so, you actually activate immune pathways that are counterproductive.” In 1660, a definition of itch arose that’s still in use today: an unpleasant sensation that provokes the desire to scratch. It results from 5 from insect bites and poisonous plants to allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema (湿疹). Until recently, itch was considered a form of mild pain 6 (arise) from the weak activation of pain receptors. This “intensity theory” speculated that itch stood at one end of the pain spectrum, and 7 (transition) all the way to full-blown suffering as a stimulus grew stronger. But in 2014, Zhou-Feng Chen, an itch researcher then at Washington University, discovered that serotonin (the mood-regulating “happiness hormone”) plays a big role in perpetuating (使永久) the itch-scratch cycle. The research team found that when mice scratch an itch, their brains release a surge of serotonin, resulting in a moment of pure bliss. These results were consistent with a PLOS One study from the previous year, which showed that scratching activates the brain regions 8 (involve) in the reward circuit, a neural network that floods the body with euphoria-inducing chemicals in response to pleasurable activities and substances. It’s the same system 9 underlies addiction, which isn’t surprising if you’ve ever lost an hour scratching at mosquito bites. But Kim notes there’s another side to this coin: the longing not to feel pleasure 10 to ease discomfort. “That’s what’s so complex about it,” he says. “There are different levels at which you need to scratch.” 【答案】 1．as/though 2．farther 3．behind 4．that 5．everything 6．arising 7．would transition 8．involved 9．that 10．but 【导语】文章主要讲述了抓挠为何会加剧瘙痒及其背后的生理机制。 1．考查连词。句意：尽管抓挠感觉很好，但从抓挠受刺激的皮肤中获得的那阵狂喜只会延长恶性循环，使真正的缓解更遥不可及。 根据“Good ____ it feels”和后文“only prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle”可知，前后为让步关系，as/though引导让步状语从句时需部分倒装，即“Good as/though it feels”。 2．考查副词比较级。句意同上。根据前文“prolongs a vicious itch-scratch cycle”可知，抓挠会让缓解变得更加遥远，应用副词比较级修饰“out of reach”。far的比较级为farther“更远地”。 3．考查介词。句意：尽管瘙痒困扰人类数千年，科学家才刚刚开始理解其背后的生理机制。根据“physiological mechanisms ____ it”可知，此处指瘙痒现象背后的机制，应用介词behind。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：过去几十年的研究表明，抓挠会激活大脑的奖赏系统和免疫系统，产生一种难以抗拒的奇怪感觉混合体。空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，不缺成分，用that引导。 5．查不定代词。句意：瘙痒由昆虫叮咬、有毒植物、过敏反应以及湿疹等皮肤病引起。根据“from insect bites and poisonous plants to allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema (湿疹).”可知，此处列举多种原因，应用everything表示“所有事物”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：直到最近，瘙痒仍被视为一种源于痛觉受体微弱激活的轻度疼痛。空处需要非谓语动词作定语，arise与pain是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。 7．考查时态。句意：这种“强度理论”推测，瘙痒处于疼痛谱的一端，并且随着刺激增强，会一路过渡到彻底的痛苦。空处为宾语从句的并列谓语动词，主句谓语为speculated可知，主句为一般过去时态，而此处描述从过去视角看将来会发生的变化，需要用过去将来时“would+动词原形”。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些结果与早些时候的一项PLOS One研究一致，该研究表明抓挠会激活大脑中与奖赏回路相关的区域。空处需要非谓语动词作定语，固定搭配be involved in“涉及、参与”，此处用过去分词短语作后置定语。 9．考查强调句。句意：这正是成瘾的基础系统，如果你曾花一小时抓蚊子包，这并不奇怪。此处为强调句型“It is...that...”，强调the same system。 10．考查连词。句意：Kim指出，这件事还有另一面：渴望不只是为了感受快乐，而是为了缓解不适。此处为not… but…结构，表示“不是……而是……”。 （25-26高二下·河南濮阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Centuries-old Ganju Opera, also known as Jiangxi Opera, dates back more than 500 years. In 2011, it 1 (add) to China’s national intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage list. In Leping, a county-level city in Jiangxi Province, the Leping Ganju Opera Troupe (剧团) has trained performers and kept the art alive for decades. Actor Hu Haidong, now 51, grew up in this area. Born into a family of Ganju performers, he began learning 2 his father at 13. However, in the late 20th century, Ganju faced serious challenges. Audiences grew older and markets became smaller, 3 (leave) many troupes struggling to survive. Hu saw no future, so he left the troupe in 2005 4 worked in banana fields far from the stage. The turning point came around 2012, when local authorities reformed the troupe into a more market-driven 5 (organize). Artists gained greater freedom 6 (choose) plays and adapt scripts (剧本). 7 ranks as one of their most ambitious creative experiments is that they have successfully adapted Shakespeare’s King Lear into a Ganju production. For Hu, this production was more than just a new role. It brought back his faith in the art form 8 was once left behind by him. Since its first show in 2024, the play has 9 (deep) impressed a broad audience, and that proved a local opera rooted in tradition can still resonate (共鸣) powerfully with 10 (today) viewers. 【答案】 1．was added 2．from 3．leaving 4．and 5．organization 6．to choose 7．What 8．that/which 9．deeply 10．today’s 【导语】主要说明了赣剧拥有五百多年历史，2011 年入选国家级非遗。它曾遭遇受众萎缩困境，演员胡海东无奈转行；剧团改制后创新改编经典剧目，重获观众认可。 1．考查时态语态。句意：2011年，它被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。主语it（指代赣剧）与谓语构成被动关系，结合In 2011可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。 2．考查介词。句意：他出生在一个赣剧艺人家庭，13岁起便开始跟随父亲学习。短语learn from表示“向……学习”。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：观众年龄增长，市场萎缩，许多剧团难以维持生存。此处leave与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。 4．考查连词。句意：胡看不到未来，于是他于2005年离开了剧团，到远离舞台的香蕉种植园工作。并列两个谓语left、worked用连词and。 5．考查名词。句意：转折点大约在2012年到来，当时地方政府将剧团改革为一个更具市场导向的组织。作介词的宾语，用名词organization，冠词a提示用其单数形式。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：艺术家们获得了更大的自由，可以自主选择剧目并改编剧本。修饰抽象名词freedom用不定式作后置定语，freedom to do sth.表示“做某事的自由”。 7．考查主语从句。句意：他们最具雄心的创意实验之一，便是成功将莎士比亚的《李尔王》改编为赣剧版演出。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what，首字母大写。 8．考查定语从句。句意：这让他重新燃起了对艺术形式的信念，而这种信念曾一度被他遗弃。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the art form指物，从句缺主语，故用关系代词that或which。 9．考查副词。句意：自2024年首演以来，这部剧作深深打动了广大观众，证明了一部根植于传统的本地歌剧，至今仍能强烈地引起当代观众的共鸣。修饰动词impress用副词deeply。 10．考查名词所有格。句意：自2024年首演以来，这部剧作深深打动了广大观众，证明了一部根植于传统的本地歌剧，至今仍能强烈地引起当代观众的共鸣。此处为所属关系，用名词所有格形式today’s，表示“当代的，今天的”。 （25-26高二下·云南普洱·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Our town’s community center, with free music classes attracting both kids and seniors, 1 (become) a popular place for communication between generations in recent years. The 2 (grow) of such programs shows how art can bring people of different ages closer. Nothing matches the unexpected joy of hearing a grandparent and grandchild play a duet. When I first joined the project, I never planned to stay longer than a month. But as I kept attending, I found 3 (I) increasingly inspired by the shared smiles. 4 makes this place meaningful is that it creates chances for people to connect. Among the activities 5 (design) to build community spirit, group music-making is the most popular. Weekly rehearsals encourage teamwork, and members can communicate 6 each other in a relaxing environment. Through this art form, lonely people 7 (offer) warmth and courage to open their hearts and make new friends. The cooperative spirit builds confidence, 8 the joy of creating music together greatly reduces loneliness. It is such a project 9 goal is to build harmony across ages. The regular group music participation 10 (effective) improves mood and social skills. 【答案】 1．has become 2．growth 3．myself 4．What 5．designed 6．with 7．are offered 8．and 9．whose 10．effectively 【导语】本文介绍社区中心的免费音乐课程促进代际交流，通过集体音乐活动帮助孤独者敞开心扉、建立自信，有效改善情绪和社交能力，体现了艺术跨越年龄的凝聚力。 1．考查时态。句意：近年来，我们镇的社区中心因免费的音乐课程吸引了儿童和老年人，已成为代际交流的热门场所。根据后文in recent years可知为现在完成时，主语为center，助动词用has。 2．考查名词。句意：这类项目的兴起表明，艺术能够拉近不同年龄层人群之间的距离。作主语，用名词growth。 3．考查代词。句意：但随着我持续参加，我越来越被彼此分享的微笑所感染。主语与宾语指同一人，用反身代词myself作宾语。 4．考查主语从句。句意：这个地方之所以有意义，是因为它为人们创造了交流的机会。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在旨在增强社区精神的活动中，小组音乐创作最受欢迎。此处design与activities构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 6．考查介词。句意：每周排练有助于促进团队合作，成员们可以在轻松的氛围中相互交流。短语communicate with表示“交流”。 7．考查时态语态。句意：通过这种艺术形式，孤独的人们获得了温暖和勇气，得以敞开心扉，结交新朋友。主语people与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。 8．考查连词。句意：合作精神能增强信心，而共同创作音乐的喜悦也能大大减轻孤独感。前后分句为并列关系，用连词and。 9．考查定语从句。句意：这是一个旨在跨越世代建立和谐的项目。定语从句修饰先行词project，在从句作定语，故用whose。 10．考查副词。句意：定期参与团体音乐活动能有效改善情绪和社交能力。修饰动词improve用副词effectively。 （25-26高二下·陕西渭南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese science fiction readers have long been curious about what would follow Liu Cixin’s The Three-Body Trilogy. According to US sci-fi scholar Song Mingwei, the answer is clear: a new wave of Chinese sci-fi 1 (emerge) right at this moment. At an international sci-fi event, Song said, “Following the first wave 2 (lead) by Liu Cixin that brought Chinese sci-fi to the world, the second wave is created by younger 3 (writer) in a free literary universe.” Liu Cixin also spoke via video, 4 (say) that humanity stands at a unique point where the future is already here, yet history remains ever-present. “As machines grow 5 (smart), people seem more bewildered (困惑的). Young Chinese science fiction creators are devoting themselves 6 enriching these discussions with their captivating works,” Liu added. Similarly, Gu Shi’s award-winning story City of Choice is an 7 (explore) of a difficult question. It reimagines the legendary Chinese figure Da Yu as an AI navigation system designed 8 (help) people escape flooding. The protagonist (主人公) discovers that the AI prioritizes speed when guiding her child 9 slows down when she is alone, effectively abandoning the elderly and the sick. With an open ending, the story “could be a scenario from our era 10 science fiction can explore, opening up a topic for discussion,” Gu added. 【答案】 1．is emerging 2．led 3．writers 4．saying 5．smarter 6．to 7．exploration 8．to help 9．but 10．that/which 【导语】文章介绍继刘慈欣之后，中国新一轮科幻浪潮正在兴起及创作特点。 1．考查动词时态。句意：据美国科幻学者宋明炜表示，答案很明确：新一轮的中国科幻浪潮此刻正在兴起。根据时间状语right at this moment可知，句子用现在进行时，主语为单数名词wave，谓语用is emerging。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在刘慈欣引领的、将中国科幻带向世界的第一波科幻浪潮之后，第二波浪潮由年轻作家在自由的文学天地中创造。本空修饰the first wave，wave与lead之间为被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语。 3．考查名词复数。句意：在刘慈欣引领的、将中国科幻带向世界的第一波科幻浪潮之后，第二波浪潮由年轻作家在自由的文学天地中创造。此处泛指众多年轻作家，可数名词writer用复数形式writers。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：刘慈欣也通过视频发言，称人类正处在一个独特的节点，未来已然到来，历史却依旧长存。本句已有谓语spoke，say与主语Liu Cixin为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。 5．考查形容词比较级。句意：随着机器变得越来越智能，人类似乎愈发困惑。根据后文more bewildered可知，前后形成比较对应，用形容词比较级smarter。 6．考查固定搭配。句意：刘慈欣补充道：“随着机器变得越来越智能，人类却似乎愈发困惑。年轻的中国科幻创作者正致力于用他们引人入胜的作品深化这些探讨。”固定搭配devote oneself to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”，本空用介词to。 7．考查名词。句意：无独有偶，顾适的获奖作品《择城》是对一个难题的探索。空前有不定冠词an，此处需填名词单数形式exploration，作表语。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将中国传奇人物大禹重塑为一套人工智能导航系统，旨在帮助人们逃离洪水灾害。固定搭配be designed to do sth.意为“旨在做某事，被设计用来做某事”，本空用不定式to help。 9．考查连词。句意：主人公发现这套人工智能在引导孩子时优先保证速度，但在她独自一人时却放慢速度，实则舍弃了老人和病人。prioritizes speed when guiding her child 与slows down when she is alone形成转折对比，用连词but。 10．考查定语从句。句意：顾适补充说，这个开放式结局的故事“可能是我们这个时代的一个情景，科幻小说可以对此进行探索，开辟一个讨论的话题”。本空引导定语从句，先行词scenario指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，可用that或which。 （25-26高二下·福建厦门·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Originally 1 (construct) in the early Ming Dynasty, Suzhou’s Humble Administrator’s Garden stands as one of China’s most celebrated classical gardens and was recognized as 2 UNESCO World Heritage Site in the late 20th. The design of the garden follows the fundamental principle of “learning from nature”, 3 (employ) complicated techniques such as “borrowing scenery” to integrate distant views into the garden’s composition. The layout perfectly demonstrates the philosophical concept of harmony between humans and nature, with every element — 4 the carefully placed rocks to the strategically crafted windows serving both functional and aesthetic purposes, enhancing the spatial layering of the garden 5 offering a visual feast for visitors. With water as its central element, nearly one-third of the garden’s area is covered by ponds and streams, which are crossed by 6 (fantasy) stone bridges and surrounded by winding paths. Xiaofeihong, the only existing covered bridge in Suzhou, features red railings that cast reflections in the water like a rainbow, creating an 7 (artistic) pleasing scene. Connecting the eastern and western banks, the bridge serves not only as a vital passageway but also as an ideal spot for sightseeing, 8 visitors can enjoy a clear view of the surrounding lotus flowers and pine trees. To protect this cultural treasure, a variety of protective measures 9 (adopt), including digital monitoring systems, regular maintenance agreement, and visitor flow management over the past decades, ensuring the successful 10 (conserve) of both the garden’s physical structures and its delicate ecosystem. 【答案】 1．constructed 2．a 3．employing 4．from 5．and 6．fantastic 7．artistically 8．where 9．have been adopted 10．conservation 【导语】文章主要介绍了苏州拙政园的建造历史、设计理念与造园特色，同时说明了近几十年来为保护这一文化瑰宝所采取的多项保护措施。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：苏州拙政园始建于明朝初年，是中国最负盛名的古典园林之一，在20世纪末被认定为一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产。 句子已有谓语stands，空处作状语，主语Suzhou’s Humble Administrator’s Garden与动词construct之间为被动关系，用过去分词constructed。 2．考查冠词。句意：苏州拙政园始建于明朝初年，是中国最负盛名的古典园林之一，在20世纪末被认定为一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产。此处泛指“一处联合国教科文组织世界遗产”，UNESCO的发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：园林设计遵循“师法自然”的基本原则，运用“借景”等复杂技法将远景融入园林构图之中。 句子已有谓语follows，空处作伴随状语，主语The design of the garden与动词employ之间为主动关系，用现在分词employing。 4．考查介词。句意：园林的布局完美体现了人与自然和谐的哲学理念，从精心摆放的奇石到设计巧妙的窗棂，每一个元素都兼具实用与审美功能，既提升了园林的空间层次感，也为游客提供了一场视觉盛宴。 from...to...是固定介词搭配，意为“从……到……”，此处表示元素范围覆盖从石头到窗棂。 5．考查连词。句意：园林的布局完美体现了人与自然和谐的哲学理念，从精心摆放的奇石到设计巧妙的窗棂，每一个元素都兼具实用与审美功能，既提升了园林的空间层次感，也为游客提供了一场视觉盛宴。“提升园林空间层次感”和“为游客提供视觉盛宴”是两个并列的结果，用并列连词and连接。 6．考查形容词。句意：园林以水为核心元素，近三分之一的面积被池塘和溪流覆盖，溪流池塘之上横跨着别致的石桥，周边环绕着蜿蜒的小径。此处修饰名词词组stone bridges，需要用形容词作定语，fantasy对应的形容词是fantastic，意为“别致的、极具美感的”。 7．考查副词。句意：小飞虹是苏州现存唯一的廊桥，红色栏杆在水中投下的倒影宛如彩虹，营造出一种极具艺术美感的宜人景致。 此处修饰形容词pleasing，需要用副词，artistic对应的副词是artistically，意为“艺术地”。 8．考查定语从句。句意：这座桥连接东西两岸，不仅是重要通道，也是绝佳的观光地点，游客在这里可以清晰观赏周边的荷花与松树。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是an ideal spot for sightseeing，表地点，定语从句成分完整，不缺主语和宾语，用关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。   9．考查时态和语态。句意：为了保护这一文化瑰宝，过去几十年来，人们采取了多种保护措施，包括数字监测系统、定期维护协议和客流管理，保障了园林实体建筑和其脆弱生态系统得到完好保护。时间状语over the past decades是现在完成时的标志，主语a variety of protective measures是复数，且measures和动词adopt之间是被动关系，即措施被人们采取，用现在完成时的被动语态have been adopted。 10．考查名词。句意：为了保护这一文化瑰宝，过去几十年来，人们采取了多种保护措施，包括数字监测系统、定期维护协议和客流管理，保障了园林实体建筑和其脆弱生态系统得到完好保护。形容词successful修饰名词，conserve对应的名词是conservation，意为“保护”。 （25-26高二下·湖南岳阳·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Not only is Canada a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, but it 1 (be) also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world. There is great diversity in geography in Canada. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, 2 are home to high peaks and deep valleys. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water 3 (rush) over its edge. Besides its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of 4 (it) residents. It 5 (think) that some of Canada’s earliest settlers crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge. The first Europeans also started 6 (settle) in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. About one out of five people in Canada’s population is foreign-born. Therefore, this ethnic variety brings about 7 (culture) diversity. You can participate 8 the celebrations of the Chinese New Year, or you may take tea in the Dr Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden in Vancouver. From the towering mountain peaks to the depths of the forests to the urban centers, Canada’s geographical 9 (wonder), ethnic groups and their cultures make it 10 unique place to live and visit. 【答案】 1．is 2．which 3．rushing 4．its 5．is thought 6．to settle/settling 7．cultural 8．in 9．wonders 10．a 【导语】文章主要介绍了加拿大的地理风貌、多元的民族构成以及丰富的文化多样性，展现了加拿大宜居且极具游览价值的特点。 1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：加拿大不仅是一个横跨大西洋至太平洋、幅员辽阔、风景秀丽的国家，也是世界上民族最多元化的国家之一。本句为“Not only...but also...”连接的并列句，前半句时态为一般现在时，后半句主语it为单数第三人称，且全文为客观介绍，用一般现在时，be动词用is。 2．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：太平洋海岸以东矗立着宏伟的落基山脉，这里遍布高峰与深谷。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the grand Rocky Mountains，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：加拿大一处真正独特的景点是壮观的尼亚加拉大瀑布，水流从崖边奔腾而下。本句为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，宾语water和动词rush之间是主动关系，水流主动奔腾下落，因此用现在分词rushing作宾补。 4．考查代词。句意：除了地理的多样性，加拿大的众多乡村地区和城市中心也体现了其居民的多样性。空格后为名词residents，需要形容词性物主代词修饰名词its，指代“加拿大的”。 5．考查动词时态和语态。句意：人们认为，加拿大一些最早的定居者是通过大陆桥穿过白令海峡抵达这里的。It为形式主语，与谓语动词think构成被动关系，且为客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done，主语为单数，be动词用is，think的过去分词为thought。固定句型“It is thought that...”意为“人们认为……”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：几个世纪前，第一批欧洲人也开始在一些东部省份定居。start后可接不定式to do或动名词doing作宾语，start to do sth./start doing sth.均表示“开始做某事”，为固定用法。 7．考查形容词。句意：因此，这种民族多样性带来了文化多样性。空格后为名词diversity，需要形容词修饰名词，culture的形容词形式为cultural，表示“文化的”，cultural diversity为固定搭配，意为“文化多样性”。 8．考查介词。句意：你可以参加春节庆典，也可以在温哥华的孙中山中华古典园林品茶。participate in为固定短语，意为“参加、参与”。 9．考查名词复数。句意：从高耸的山峰、幽深的森林到繁华的城市中心，加拿大的地理奇观、民族及其文化，让它成为一个独特的宜居和旅游之地。空格后与ethnic groups、cultures并列，为复数名词；wonder表示“奇观、盛景”时为可数名词，此处表示各类地理奇观，需用复数形式。 10．考查冠词。句意：从高耸的山峰、幽深的森林到繁华的城市中心，加拿大的地理奇观、民族及其文化，让它成为一个独特的宜居和旅游之地。此处泛指“一个独特的地方”，unique是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此用不定冠词a。 （25-26高二下·云南曲靖·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qujing is famous for its “Cuan Culture”. The Cuan Baozi Stele, 1 (carve) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, is a national treasure. It is not only a valuable piece of calligraphy but also a record of the history of the Cuan family. In recent years, the local government 2 (invest) heavily in cultural heritage protection. Many ancient buildings 3 (restore) and museums have been built. Moreover, traditional festivals are being promoted. The Torch Festival of the Yi people, 4 is celebrated every year, attracts thousands of tourists. During the festival, people light torches, dance, and hold horse races. It is a time 5 (celebrate) harvest and pray for good luck. These efforts not only preserve history but also boost local tourism.Visitors from home and abroad come 6 (experience) the unique culture. As a result, many young people have become more interested in their own heritage. They volunteer as guides or participate in cultural 7 (activity). 8 (learn) about local culture helps build a sense of identity. It also reminds us that we should protect our cultural treasures for future 9 (generation). After all, 10 is often said, “A nation’s culture lives in the hearts of its people.” 【答案】 1．carved 2．has invested 3．have been restored 4．which 5．to celebrate 6．to experience 7．activities 8．Learning 9．generations 10．as 【导语】文章介绍了曲靖依托爨文化开展文物修缮、节日推广等多项文化保护举措，既传承了历史文脉，又带动了当地文旅发展，也点明了守护文化瑰宝对后代的重要意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：刻于东晋时期的《爨宝子碑》是一件国宝级文物。句子已有谓语is，空处作后置定语，逻辑主语The Cuan Baozi Stele和动词carve之间是被动关系，用过去分词carved。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：近些年来，当地政府投入大量资金用于文化遗产保护工作。时间状语“In recent years”是现在完成时的标志，表明动作从过去持续到现在，主语the local government是单数，用has invested。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：众多古建筑得到了修缮，同时还修建了多座博物馆。空格所在句与后句“museums have been built”是并列关系，时态须保持一致，用现在完成时，主语Many ancient buildings是复数，和动词restore之间是被动关系，用have been restored。 4．考查定语从句。句意：每年都会举办的彝族火把节，吸引了成千上万名游客前来参与。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Torch Festival of the Yi people指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个庆贺丰收、祈求好运的时刻。抽象名词time后用不定式作后置定语，说明time的具体内容，用to celebrate。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：海内外游客专程前来体验这里独具特色的文化。游客前来的目的是体验独特文化，句子已有谓语come，空处作目的状语，用不定式形式to experience。 7．考查名词。句意：他们担任志愿讲解员，或是参与文化活动。activity是可数名词，此处泛指各类文化活动，用复数形式activities。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：了解本土文化有助于人们建立身份认同感。句子谓语动词是helps，空处作句子主语，表示抽象的泛指动作，用动名词形式learning，句首首字母大写。 9．考查名词。句意：这也提醒我们，应当为子孙后代守护好我们的文化瑰宝。generation是可数名词，此处指多代人，即“后代”，用复数形式generations。 10．考查定语从句。句意：毕竟常言道：“一个民族的文化，扎根在本民族人民的心中。”as is often said是固定结构，意为“常言道”，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后文引语的内容。 （25-26高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recently, “China Travel” has become a buzzword (流行语) on overseas social media, as more and more international travelers 1 (eager) come to explore the time-honored Forbidden City in Beijing, the light-sparkling Bund in Shanghai, and the world-famous scenery of Guilin, among others. The international tourists streaming to explore China have demonstrated China’s continuous efforts 2 (promote) opening up. The 3 (close) foreign travelers get to China, the more authentic (真实的) their experience becomes. Many first-time visitors to China have discovered “a different China” and changed their preconceptions. “I wonder how many places in the world are this safe at dawn,” said a British tourist while 4 (explore) Chinese streets. “In China, all you need is a mobile phone,” said a Malaysian tourist, 5 entered China visa-free. Authenticity generates appreciation. The close 6 (encounter) with a real, multi-dimensional (多维度的) China have enriched international tourists’ understanding of the country. The deeper they dive 7 China, the more fascinated they become. More and more international travelers have found themselves 8 (amaze) at China’s stunning natural scenery, splendid culture and arts, and convenient transportation. They have been charmed by the natural and cultural beauty of China, a safe 9 welcoming country. The key to state-to-state relations 10 (lie) in close bonds between peoples. As a bridge for cultural exchanges, “China Travel” has helped foreign tourists better understand China and strengthened friendly ties between peoples. 【答案】 1．eagerly 2．to promote 3．closer 4．exploring 5．who 6．encounters 7．into 8．amazed 9．and 10．lies 【导语】本文讲述“中国游”成为海外社交平台热词，海外游客来华旅游，真切感受真实的中国，旅游也增进了中外民众了解与国家间友好关系。 1．考查副词。句意：近日，“中国游”成为海外社交媒体上的流行语，越来越多国际游客热切前来游览历史悠久的北京故宫、流光溢彩的上海外滩以及举世闻名的桂林山水等地。此处修饰动词come，需用副词形式，eager的副词为eagerly。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：大批前来中国游览的国际游客，彰显出中国为扩大对外开放所付出的不懈努力。此处为固定搭配efforts to do sth.，表示“做某事的努力”，用动词不定式作后置定语。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：外国游客越走近中国，体验就越真切。本句为固定句型the + 比较级，the + 比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，结合句意应用close的比较级closer。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位英国游客漫步在中国街头时说道：“我不知道世界上还有多少地方在清晨也能如此安全。” 此处为状语从句的省略，从句主语a British tourist与explore为主动关系，应用现在分词形式exploring。 5．考查定语从句。句意：一位免签入境中国的马来西亚游客表示：“在中国，一部手机就能搞定一切。”此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词a Malaysian tourist，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。 6．考查名词复数。句意：与真实、立体的中国近距离接触，加深了国际游客对这个国家的认知。句中谓语动词为have，说明主语为复数，encounter表示“接触、相遇”，此处应用复数形式encounters。 7．考查固定搭配。句意：他们对中国了解越深，就越发着迷。固定搭配dive into，意为“深入探究；投身于”。 8．考查形容词。句意：越来越多的国际游客惊叹于中国绝美的自然风光、璀璨的文化艺术以及便捷的交通。此处修饰人，应用-ed形式的形容词作补足语，amazed表示“感到惊讶的”。 9．考查并列连词。句意：他们被这个安全又友善的国家所展现的自然与人文之美深深吸引。分析句子结构可知，此处连接两个并列形容词safe和welcoming，表并列关系，应用连词and。 10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：国与国之间关系的关键在于民众之间的紧密联系。此处为谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The key为单数，谓语动词lie使用第三人称单数形式lies。 （25-26高二下·重庆·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past few years, a fascinating cultural phenomenon 1 (arise) across China: a growing number of foreign tourists are 2 (enthusiastic) embracing traditional Chinese clothing like Hanfu. At iconic sites such as the Forbidden City, visitors can 3 (see) dressed in exquisite Hanfu, posing for photos against historic backdrops. This trend reflects a deeper appreciation for 4 profound cultural heritage rather than mere curiosity. This stylish wave is also taking over short video platforms like TikTok, 5 , observers say, is a symbol of China’s booming national confidence. On TikTok, the Hanfu hashtag (话题标签) has collected billions 6 views, with foreigners sharing their photos and expressing how wearing Hanfu makes them feel like super stars in Chinese dramas. Meanwhile, Chinese content creators and bloggers have been actively promoting Hanfu overseas, and 7 (introduce) the stories behind the clothing, they also have been organizing all kinds of activities. This exchange is mutually enriching: foreigners gain meaningful immersion into Chinese traditions, while Chinese youth find creative channels to share 8 (they) heritage. The combination of traditional clothing with modern fashion and 9 (medium) has not only boosted cultural confidence but also created new 10 (consume), turning Hanfu into a dynamic symbol of China’s soft power. 【答案】 1．has arisen 2．enthusiastically 3．be seen 4．the 5．which 6．of 7．to introduce 8．their 9．media 10．consumption 【导语】本文主要介绍了过去几年中国出现的外国游客热衷拥抱汉服的文化现象，以及该现象的影响和意义。 1．考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国各地出现了一种迷人的文化现象：越来越多的外国游客正热情地拥抱汉服等中国传统服饰。根据时间状语Over the past few years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语a fascinating cultural phenomenon为单数，助动词用has。 2．考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里，中国各地出现了一种迷人的文化现象：越来越多的外国游客正热情地拥抱汉服等中国传统服饰。此处修饰动词embracing，应用副词，enthusiastic的副词为enthusiastically“热情地”。 3．考查动词。句意：在故宫等标志性景点，人们可以看到游客身着精美的汉服，在历史背景前摆姿势拍照。情态动词can后接动词原形，主语visitors和see是被动关系，因此用be seen和can构成含情态动词的被动语态。 4．考查冠词。句意：这一趋势反映了人们对深厚文化遗产的更深层次的欣赏，而不仅仅是好奇心。cultural heritage为名词短语，此处特指中国的深厚文化遗产，应用定冠词the。 5．考查定语从句。句意：这股时尚浪潮也席卷了抖音等短视频平台，观察人士表示，这是中国日益增强的民族自信的象征。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。 6．考查介词。句意：在抖音上，汉服话题标签已经积累了数十亿的浏览量，外国人分享他们的照片，并表达穿着汉服让他们感觉像中国电视剧里的超级明星。billions of为固定搭配，意为“数十亿的”。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，中国内容创作者和博主一直在积极向海外推广汉服，组织活动介绍服装背后的故事。句中已有谓语动词have been promoting，此处应用非谓语动词，结合句意，此处表示组织活动的目的是介绍服装背后的故事，应用动词不定式to introduce作目的状语。 8．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这种交流互惠互利：外国人得以深入体验中国传统文化，而中国青年则找到了富有创意的方式去分享自己的文化遗产。此处修饰名词heritage，应用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their。 9．考查名词。句意：传统服饰与现代时尚及媒体的结合，不仅增强了文化自信，还催生了新的消费模式，使汉服成为中国软实力的生动象征。此处medium数量大于一应用复数形式。 10．考查名词。句意：传统服饰与现代时尚及媒体的结合，不仅增强了文化自信，还催生了新的消费模式，使汉服成为中国软实力的生动象征。此空作动词的宾语，用名词consumption意为“消费”。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）Several years ago, standing outside a cabin in Michigan, I looked up at the night sky. Thousands of stars filled the sky, and the Milky Way unfurled (展开) across it. The sight almost made me, a nonbeliever, offer a word of gratitude — perhaps to Johan Eklöf, author of The Darkness Manifesto. Eklöf, a bat scientist in Sweden, requires absolute darkness for his work. But this darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, two-thirds of churches in southwest Sweden housed bat colonies. Today, that number has declined by a third due to light pollution. “We are blasting ourselves with light,” he writes. We have all noticed empty places floodlit at night. Inhabitants of Hong Kong live beneath a night sky 1,200 times brighter than an unlit sky. Citizens of some large cities have never allowed their eyes to adapt to true night vision, which takes half an hour of complete darkness. The effects on wildlife are equally alarming. A third of vertebrates (脊椎动物) and two-thirds of invertebrates are active at night. Excess light scares away bats, stuns light-sensitive moths, and makes them easy targets for predators. Newly hatched turtles crawl away from shorelines toward distant city lights. Corals no longer mate on schedule, reef fish eggs go unhatched, and birds forget to sing or migrate on time. Eklöf’s excellent book shaped my thinking. I found myself sharing its insights with my children at the dinner table, repeatedly asking, “Yes, but did you know?” I can think of no better praise than that. However, the author acknowledges that darkness is not safe for everyone. We must address the social issues that make lighted places appealing in the first place. Some solutions to light pollution are within our grasp: motion-detecting lights, shielded lights that do not reflect upward, and artificial light that mimics natural wavelengths. “We could just turn it all off, but I guess we don’t want to,” Eklöf said. “So it’s vital we find a middle way.” In 50 years, every city might be lit by environmentally low-impact LED lights — or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is, the sky filled with little moons. 1．Why does the author mention Johan Eklöf in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic. B．To stress his profession. C．To thank him for the book. D．To show the book’s influence. 2．The word “blasting” in paragraph 2 most probably means __________. A．exploding violently. B．blocking naturally. C．heating gradually. D．harming seriously. 3．How does the author show the effects of light pollution on humans and wildlife? A．By quoting sayings and studies. B．By using data and examples. C．By sharing experiences and feelings. D．By raising problems and doubts. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward the future of light pollution? A．Hopeless. B．Objective. C．Concerned. D．Optimistic. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】文章主要以科学家 Eklöf 及其著作引入话题，介绍光污染对人类与野生动植物的危害、可行解决办法及作者对未来夜空的担忧。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“The sight almost made me, a non - believer, offer a word of gratitude — perhaps to Johan Eklöf, author of The Darkness Manifesto.(这一景象几乎让我这个不信教的人想要表达感激之情——或许是对《黑暗宣言》的作者约翰·埃克洛夫)”及后文围绕光污染展开论述可知，作者提及约翰·埃克洛夫是为了引出光污染这一话题。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“But this darkness is threatened. In the 1980s, two-thirds of churches in southwest Sweden housed bat colonies. Today, that number has declined by a third due to light pollution. “We are blasting ourselves with light,” he writes.(但这种黑暗正受到威胁。在20世纪80年代，瑞典西南部三分之二的教堂里有蝙蝠群落。如今，由于光污染，这个数字已经下降了三分之一。他写道：“我们正用灯光blasting自己。”)”可知，光污染威胁到黑暗环境，导致蝙蝠数量减少，所以“blasting”应是表达光对我们造成严重危害。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“In the 1980s, two - thirds of churches in southwest Sweden housed bat colonies. Today, that number has declined by a third due to light pollution.(在20世纪80年代，瑞典西南部三分之二的教堂里有蝙蝠群落。如今，由于光污染，这个数字已经下降了三分之一)”以及第三段“Inhabitants of Hong Kong live beneath a night sky 1,200 times brighter than an unlit sky.(香港居民生活在比无光照夜空亮1200倍的夜空下)”和第四段“A third of vertebrates (脊椎动物) and two - thirds of invertebrates are active at night. Excess light scares away bats, stuns light-sensitive moths...(三分之一的脊椎动物和三分之二的无脊椎动物在夜间活动。过多的光线吓跑了蝙蝠，使对光敏感的飞蛾眩晕……)”等内容可知，作者通过列举数据和具体例子展示光污染对人类和野生动物的影响。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 50 years, every city might be lit by environmentally low - impact LED lights — or we might have completely forgotten what darkness is, the sky filled with little moons.(50年后，每个城市可能都由对环境影响较小的LED灯照亮——或者我们可能已经完全忘记了黑暗是什么样子，天空中布满了“小月亮”)”可知，作者既提到未来可能使用低影响LED灯，又担心可能会完全忘记黑暗，对光污染未来表示担忧。 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·阶段检测）Emperor penguins have braved cold, storms, starvation and natural enemies to breed (繁殖), ensuring the survival of their population. But now climate change might defeat the iconic Antarctic birds. On April 9, emperor penguins were officially moved from threatened to endangered status by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The IUCN Red List records the threat level of wild species. “Endangered” means the birds face a very high risk of extinction in the wild. Scientists say the breakup and loss of Antarctic sea ice is pushing emperor penguins to the edge. Over the last decade, Antarctic sea ice has reached record lows and breaks up earlier each year. Emperor penguins rely on stable fast ice to breed and raise young. If ice breaks too soon, chicks without waterproof feathers will drown or freeze to death. In 2022, satellites observed the disastrous loss of five separate emperor penguin reproduction sites near the Bellingshausen Sea: The sea ice beneath them broke apart, leading to an estimated loss of some 10,000 chicks. Current emperor penguin populations are estimated at around 595,000 adults, a decrease of 10 percent to 22 percent compared with 2009, and the population is expected to halve by 2080. “The emperor penguin’s move to Endangered is a clear warning: Climate change is speeding up the extinction crisis before our eyes,” Martin Harper, CEO of BirdLife International, said in a statement. The organization led the emperor penguin assessment. The loss of sea ice is also responsible for the rapid decline of the Antarctic fur seal, the IUCN report says. Once listed as “least concern”, their population dropped sharply from 2,187 million in 1999 to 944,000 in 2025, earning them endangered status. Warmer oceans and less sea ice force krill (磷虾), their primary food source, into deeper waters, greatly reducing the survival rate of baby seals. 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By quoting an expert’s opinion. B．By contrasting past and present. C．By describing a historical event. D．By presenting a surprising cause. 2．What caused emperor penguins to be listed as endangered? A．Lack of food in Antarctica. B．Increasing natural enemies. C．Severe storms and extreme cold. D．Loss of stable ice for reproduction. 3．Why does the author mention the data in paragraph 4? A．To compare different penguin species. B．To suggest moving to new breeding sites. C．To show the severity of population decline. D．To prove the accuracy of satellite observation. 4．What does Martin Harper imply about climate change? A．It will be solved by protecting sea ice. B．It has little impact on marine ecosystems. C．It mainly threatens penguins in Antarctica. D．It causes species to disappear at a faster rate. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了气候变化导致南极海冰消失，帝企鹅等物种濒危。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“But now climate change might defeat the iconic Antarctic birds.(但现在气候变化可能会击败这种标志性的南极鸟类)”及第二段首句“On April 9, emperor penguins were officially moved from threatened to endangered status by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).(4月9日，国际自然保护联盟将帝企鹅从易危物种正式调整为濒危物种)”可知，作者通过对比过去帝企鹅克服严寒风暴与如今因气候变化濒危的现状引入主题。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Emperor penguins rely on stable fast ice to breed and raise young. If ice breaks too soon, chicks without waterproof feathers will drown or freeze to death.(帝企鹅依赖稳定的固定冰繁殖抚育幼鸟，若冰层过早破裂，未长出防水羽毛的雏鸟会溺水或冻死)”可知，稳定繁殖冰层的消失是导致帝企鹅被列为濒危的直接原因。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Current emperor penguin populations are estimated at around 595,000 adults, a decrease of 10 percent to 22 percent compared with 2009, and the population is expected to halve by 2080.(当前帝企鹅成年个体估计约59.5万只，较2009年减少10%至22%，预计到2080年种群数量将减半)”可知，作者列举这些数据是为了直观展现帝企鹅种群衰退的严重性。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The emperor penguin’s move to Endangered is a clear warning: Climate change is speeding up the extinction crisis before our eyes(帝企鹅被列为濒危是一个明确警告：气候变化正在加速我们眼前的灭绝危机)”可知，Martin Harper暗示气候变化正让物种以更快速度消失。 （25-26高二下·四川广安·阶段检测）China’s highest academic institution for natural sciences opened its doors to science lovers to share the latest scientific and technological achievements, with the goal of popularizing science and allowing the public to engage with noted scientists and key research facilities. The institute featured dozens of exhibitions on China’s latest achievements in artificial intelligence, autonomous underwater vehicles, lunar exploration and experiments onboard the Tiangong space station. The public were feverish since this was the first time in three years that the academy had been able to hold live activities on Public Science Day. Parents and children began queuing outside the front doors of the academy’s Institute of Physics early in the morning. The Institute of Automation extended opening hours several times to accommodate visitors, and tickets were sold out in hours. Children of all ages came to see the institute’s scientists conduct colorful and thought-provoking (发人深省的) physics experiments. After the show, they were able to use the instruments themselves and ask questions about their use. Cao Ying, a Beijing resident attending the event with her 3-year-old son, said that she had previously only known about these scientific achievements through the news. She added that it had been eye-opening to experience them first-hand and to talk to the scientists behind them. “Science education should start at an early age,” she said. “Seeing these scientific achievements in person makes me appreciate the hard work and ingenuity (独创性) of our scientists even more.” Chinese scientists and engineers have accomplished many great things, and the achievements should not be locked away in an ivory tower. By communicating their findings to the public, scientists also learn more about the actual needs of the people, which helps open up new areas of research and use. One example is using humanoid robots to care for the elderly. 1．How did the institute involve the public in scientific events? A．By popularizing scientific findings. B．By communicating with scientists and engineers. C．By engaging the public in scientific experiments. D．By exhibiting the newest achievements of science and technology. 2．What does the underlined word “feverish” mean in paragraph 3? A．Patient. B．Brave. C．Excited. D．Embarrassed. 3．What is paragraph 6 mainly about? A．Admiration for hard work. B．Advice for science education. C．Recommendation from experts. D．Supportive response from the audience. 4．What can scientists benefit from the activity? A．They can get inspiration. B．They can be known to the public. C．They can invent humanoid robots. D．They can exhibit their achievements. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文报道了中国最高自然科学学术机构举办公众科学日活动，向公众展示最新科技成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“China’s highest academic institution for natural sciences opened its doors to science lovers to share the latest scientific and technological achievements, with the goal of popularizing science and allowing the public to engage with noted scientists and key research facilities. (中国最高自然科学学术机构向科学爱好者敞开大门，分享最新的科学和技术成就，目标是普及科学，让公众接触著名科学家和关键研究设施。)”以及第二段的句子“The institute featured dozens of exhibitions on China’s latest achievements in artificial intelligence, autonomous underwater vehicles, lunar exploration and experiments onboard the Tiangong space station. (该机构展出了数十项关于中国在人工智能、自主水下航行器、月球探测和天宫空间站实验方面最新成就的展览。)”可知，研究所通过展示最新的科学技术成就让公众参与科学活动。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段的语境“The public were feverish since this was the first time in three years that the academy had been able to hold live activities on Public Science Day. (公众很feverish，因为这是三年来该学术机构首次能够在公众科学日举办现场活动。)”以及第四段描述的“Parents and children began queuing outside the front doors...early in the morning (家长和孩子一大早就开始在……门前排队)”、“tickets were sold out in hours (门票几小时内售罄)”可知，feverish意为“兴奋的、狂热的”，与excited意义一致。 3．主旨大意题。第六段以北京居民Cao Ying带3岁儿子参加活动的经历为例，描述她此前仅通过新闻了解科学成就，亲身体验并与科学家交流让她大开眼界，强调“科学教育应从早期开始”，“亲眼看到这些科学成就让我更加欣赏科学家的辛勤工作和独创性”。整段主要是观众的积极反响。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“By communicating their findings to the public, scientists also learn more about the actual needs of the people, which helps open up new areas of research and use. (通过向公众传达他们的发现，科学家也能更多地了解人们的实际需求，这有助于开辟新的研究和应用领域。)”可知，科学家从活动中可以了解实际需求，获得研究灵感。 （25-26高二下·河南洛阳·阶段检测）A small, quiet Caribbean island has been transformed into a successful breeding (繁殖) ground for the critically endangered Lesser Antillean iguana (鬣蜥). Once absent from Prickly Pear East, the species now multiplies there, with scientists celebrating the rising population. The Lesser Antillean iguana faced extinction across most of its native range. A major threat comes from the introduced green iguana, which competes for food, is more aggressive (进攻性), and interbreeds with the native species, diluting its genetics. Nearly a decade ago, the native iguanas had disappeared from Prickly Pear East. Determined to save the species, conservationists from the Anguilla National Trust launched a rescue mission. In 2015, they carefully captured the few remaining native iguanas on the main island of Anguilla. After genetic testing confirmed they were purebred, the first ten were transported by boat to Prickly Pear East. With no dogs, cats, traffic, or green iguanas, the small island offered a safe home. The relocation of the iguanas achieved remarkable results. The iguanas adapted and began breeding. The population on the small island has now grown to approximately 300, making it one of five key global sites for the species’ recovery. It is estimated that fewer than 20,000 of these iguanas survive worldwide. To further ensure the health of the new population, scientists sought to increase its genetic diversity. They collaborated with authorities in Dominica, which is home to the region’s largest remaining population of Lesser Antillean iguanas. After health checks, additional iguanas were carefully flown from Dominica to Anguilla and then released on Prickly Pear East. The iguanas, which are bright green when they are young and turn dark gray or black as adults, now breed freely across the island. While Prickly Pear East remains unoccupied by people and welcomes visiting boaters, the endangered iguanas are under strict protection and will never be hunted locally. This project shows how a species can be brought back from the edge of extinction. It proves that when endangered animals are kept safe from non-native species and harmful human activities, they can rebound and grow well. 1．What does the underlined word “diluting” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Weakening the uniqueness of. B．Protecting the diversity of. C．Improving the quality of. D．Strengthening the stability of. 2．Why were the first ten iguanas sent to Prickly Pear East? A．To test their genetic purity. B．To provide them a protected habitat. C．To study their breeding habits. D．To capture green iguanas there. 3．Which word best describes the project carried out by the Anguilla National Trust? A．Time-consuming. B．Risky. C．Successful. D．Disappointing. 4．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A Caribbean travel brochure. B．A recipe book of local food. C．A magazine on wildlife biology. D．A textbook of Anguilla history. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】文章主要介绍人们将一处加勒比小岛改造成栖息地，通过易地放养、补充个体等方式，成功救助濒危的小安的列斯群岛鬣蜥，让该物种摆脱灭绝危机。 1．词句猜测题。根据原文第二段“A major threat comes from the introduced green iguana, which competes for food, is more aggressive (进攻性), and interbreeds with the native species, diluting its genetics.(引进的绿鬣蜥是一大威胁，它们争抢食物、攻击性更强，还会与本地鬣蜥杂交，diluting其基因特质。)”可知，杂交会弱化本土鬣蜥独有的基因特性，因此diluting表示“削弱…… 的独特性”。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“With no dogs, cats, traffic, or green iguanas, the small island offered a safe home.(这座小岛上没有猫狗、交通以及绿鬣蜥，能为它们提供一个安全的家园。)”可知，首批十只鬣蜥被送往东刺梨岛，是为了给它们提供一处受保护的栖息地。 3．推理判断题。根据原文第四段“The relocation of the iguanas achieved remarkable results.(这次鬣蜥易地安置工作取得了显著成效。)”可知，安圭拉国家信托基金会开展的这个项目十分成功。 4．推理判断题。根据原文第一段“A small, quiet Caribbean island has been transformed into a successful breeding (繁殖) ground for the critically endangered Lesser Antillean iguana (鬣蜥). Once absent from Prickly Pear East, the species now multiplies there, with scientists celebrating the rising population.(一座宁静的加勒比小岛，现已成为极危物种小安的列斯群岛鬣蜥成功的繁育地。该物种曾一度在东刺梨岛绝迹，如今却在此繁衍壮大，科学家们也为其数量不断增长感到欣喜。)”及全文内容可知，文章围绕濒危鬣蜥的保护、繁育与物种救助展开，属于野生动物相关内容，因此本文最有可能选自一本野生动物生物学杂志。 （25-26高二下·海南海口·期中）18 years ago, a 14-year-old boy from Kasungu district in Malawi was forced to drop out of school for lack of fees. At the same time, a severe famine was destroying his village, claiming people’s lives and leaving desperation in its wake. This was a situation to break the strongest of minds but William Kamkwamba did not give up. Young as he was, he knew that education was where his future lay. He found hope in the library and feasted on the knowledge that he harvested from its books It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind. The youngster realized that, if mastered, this power could help his village in exceptional ways. Armed with determination and an iron will, the teenager set out to build a windmill out of random materials from a scrapyard. Though his outside world was collapsing to dust, the youngster did not hesitate about his purpose. He defended himself from all doubt and criticism. He worked tirelessly until his dream of bringing electricity to his village became reality. Soon, he was caught in the center of media attention that took him to new places that he would never have stepped on without his invention. In his village, the dust has not settled yet and the winds of change continue to blow across the land. Windmills pump water to irrigate crops, sweeping away another period of hunger. William’s former primary school boasts new and stronger buildings, thanks to the help of well-wishers and the villagers’ united efforts. What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story that motivates each and every one of us, persuading us that no misfortune is set in stone. William refused to be a school drop-out forever. He sought solutions for his problems and continued fighting even when the going got tough. He was able to rise above poverty to become a graduate from one of America’s best universities, Dartmouth College. 1．What inspired William to bring electricity to his village? A．His realization of the impact of electricity. B．His awareness of the role of education. C．The science textbook entitled Using Energy. D．The severe famine destroying his village. 2．What can we learn from paragraph 3? A．Many people didn’t support William’s dream at first. B．The public had little interest in William’s invention. C．The invention enabled William to make a big fortune. D．The windmill is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. 3．What does the underlined phrase “set in stone” in the last paragraph mean? A．Visible. B．Avoidable. C．Unchangeable. D．Unpredictable. 4．What message does the author want to convey in this story? A．Support fuels progress and unity builds hope. B．Necessity inspires invention and hardship makes heroes. C．Knowledge feasts mind and education promises wealth. D．Criticism promotes success and doubt facilitates creation. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了马拉维少年威廉因交不起学费辍学，又遭遇村庄饥荒。他不曾放弃，在图书馆从一本科学读物中学到风力发电知识，克服众人质疑，利用废旧材料造出风车，改变了家乡的困境，最终他也摆脱贫困、考入美国名校的励志故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It was there that he came across a science textbook entitled Using Energy. He learned that he could generate electricity using wind.(他在那里发现了一本名为《利用能源》的科学课本，从中了解到可以利用风力发电)”可知，是这本科学课本启发他为村庄输送电力。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He defended himself from all doubt and criticism.(他顶住了所有的质疑与非议)”可推知，一开始有许多人并不支持威廉的梦想。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“What seemed like a hopeless situation has been turned into an inspirational story(原本毫无希望的处境最终变成了一则励志故事)”可知，他克服困境成功了，由此可推知，没有哪种不幸是一成不变的，短语set in stone 含义为“不可改变的”。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，村庄深陷饥荒与贫困的困境，现实所需促使威廉潜心钻研发明，艰难的处境也磨砺了他，最终收获成功。文章传递出需求催生发明、困境造就强者。 （25-26高二下·云南·阶段检测）Following the Famous Silk Roads The Silk Roads were a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor (走廊) , which stretches over a distance of around 5, 000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8, 700 kilometres of trade routes. The three countries jointly pursued an application for UNESCO World Heritage (遗产) status which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor. This made history as the first successful multinational World Heritage application. The starting point of the corridor and the entire Silk Roads network is Xi’an, in Shaanxi Province. Further west on the Silk Roads, the geography gradually changes from wild deserts to high, snow-capped mountains to vast grasslands as the routes pass through the Tianshan Mountains and emerge in the valleys of Central Asia. Although the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor of the Silk Roads ends here, the network continues westwards until it reaches the Mediterranean. The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. Economic activities along the routes network were not limited to trade in silk. They contributed many other items to the marketplace of goods. The routes were busy with camels carrying loads of goods and businessmen selling everything imaginable. China’s exports included silk, porcelain, ironware and tea, while horses, jewellery, spices and grapes were all imported over vast distances from the West. In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network. Astronomy and mathematics were introduced to China from India and Arabia; important Chinese inventions such as papermaking and printing were brought to the West. All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage. 1．What is the core section of the Silk Roads? A．The Mediterranean. B．Xi’an, in Shaanxi Province. C．Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. D．The Chang’an-Tianshan corridor. 2．What can we infer about the corridor’s early growth? A．Roman Empire founded its trade business. B．Its birth promoted later East-West trade and cultural connections. C．It won world heritage status through separate national research. D．Western goods reached China right after Zhang’s visit. 3．Why did Zhang Qian travel from Chang’an to Central Asia? A．Purchase horses, jewellery, spices and grapes. B．Export silk, porcelain, ironware and tea. C．Establish diplomatic relations between his country and others. D．Seek help from the most powerful western countries. 4．What was the role of the Silk Roads according to the passage? A．It speeded up the development of the countries involved. B．It was recognized by the UNESCO as China’s heritage. C．It helped to change the wild deserts to grasslands. D．It started a trade competition between countries along the way. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了丝绸之路长安—天山廊道，它由三国联合申遗成功。始于西安，因张骞出使兴起，促进了东西方贸易、文化交流与文明共同发展。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A key section of the Silk Roads is the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor (走廊) , which stretches over a distance of around 5, 000 kilometres through China, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, covering a total of 8, 700 kilometres of trade routes. (其中一条关键路段是长安—天山走廊，它横跨中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦，全长约5000公里，涵盖了总计8700公里的贸易路线。)”可知，丝绸之路的核心部分是长安—天山走廊。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century. Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang’s efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships were strengthened between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire.( 这条走廊始于公元2世纪。皇帝派遣使者张骞从长安出发，前往中亚，旨在建立汉朝与西域之间的联系。在张骞的努力下，贸易路线逐渐形成，当时各大强国之间的关系也得到了加强，交通网络甚至延伸至罗马帝国。)”以及第五段中“In addition to trade exchange, the network served as a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies along the network.( 除了贸易交流外，该网络还充当了文化交流的桥梁，影响了该网络沿线社会中科学、艺术、技术和许多其他领域的发展。)”可推知，廊道的形成推动了后续东西方的贸易与文化联结。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Assigned by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian journeyed from Chang’an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions.( 皇帝派遣使者张骞从长安出发，前往中亚，旨在建立汉朝与西域之间的联系。)”可知，张骞为长安前往中亚是为了建立本国与其他国家的外交关系。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“All of these activities contributed to a great age of expansion as trade and cultural exchanges gave people access to new goods, knowledge and ideas. These routes connected Eastern and Western civilizations, which achieved a shared development. The addition of the Chang’an-Tianshan corridor to the UNESCO World Heritage List is a milestone in recognition of the Silk Roads as a crucial part of humanity’s common heritage.( 所有这些活动共同推动了伟大的扩张时代，贸易和文化交流使人们得以接触新的商品、知识和思想。这些通道连接了东西方文明，实现了共同发展。将长安—天山走廊列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，标志着丝绸之路作为人类共同遗产的重要组成部分得到了认可。)”可推知，根据文章，丝绸之路的作用是推动了沿线国家的发展进步。 （25-26高二下·河南洛阳·阶段检测）As we age, it becomes common to experience stiffness (僵硬) or discomfort during simple daily movements. However, if such problems occur frequently, it may indicate the need to focus on mobility exercises. According to sports medicine specialists, maintaining good mobility is essential for long-term health and can help reduce the risk of various diseases, including heart conditions and depression. Mobility is often confused with flexibility, but the two are distinct concepts. Flexibility refers to how far a muscle can stretch, while mobility combines strength with the ability to move freely through a full range of motion. It involves the coordinated function of muscles, joints, tendons, and ligaments. Without adequate mobility, everyday tasks such as reaching overhead, bending down, or lifting objects can become challenging. From around the age of 30, the body naturally begins to lose collagen (胶原蛋白), leading to weaker muscular support and increased stress on joints. Even active individuals may overlook certain muscle groups, such as those supporting the shoulders and spine. Two early signs may suggest the need for mobility training: first, general joint stiffness or aching without significant exertion; second, sharp pain or swelling after occasional physical activity, such as playing sports. Experts warn against extreme self-tests popular on social media, which can easily cause injury without proper guidance. Instead, simple assessments like standing up from a chair without using hands or balancing on one foot can indicate current mobility levels. To maintain or improve mobility, regular low-impact exercises are recommended. Walking daily is an accessible starting point, especially for those who are less active. Integrating short mobility sessions into existing routines—such as hip lifts, knee pulls, or spinal twists—can gradually enhance movement capacity. Exercises like Tai Chi and yoga are also beneficial as follow-up practices, as they promote strength, balance, and joint mobility. For those seeking a structured workout plan, body-weight exercises like chair squats or wall push-ups can be done at home. As these become easier, resistance bands may be added to build further strength. Consistency is key; improvements in mobility may take several weeks to become noticeable, but regular, intentional practice leads to lasting and meaningful results. In summary, focusing on mobility through safe, regular exercises helps preserve functional independence and supports overall well-being throughout aging. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Tasks challenging for inactive people. B．Differences between mobility and flexibility. C．How to improve muscle stretching ability. D．Diseases caused by poor joint function. 2．Which is a simple mobility assessment? A．Balancing on one foot. B．Lifting heavy objects. C．Trying extreme social media tests. D．Using hands to stand up from a chair. 3．What is a recommended starting exercise for less active people? A．Practicing Tai Chi regularly. B．Doing wall push-ups frequently. C．Using resistance bands at home. D．Walking daily. 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To warn against extreme self-tests. B．To compare mobility and flexibility. C．To introduce high-impact exercise types. D．To stress the importance of mobility in aging. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】文章围绕老年人的身体活动能力展开，介绍了活动能力与柔韧性的区别、需要关注活动能力的早期信号、简单的自我评估方法以及适合不同人群的低强度锻炼建议，强调了随着年龄增长保持活动能力的重要性。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Mobility is often confused with flexibility, but the two are distinct concepts. Flexibility refers to how far a muscle can stretch, while mobility combines strength with the ability to move freely through a full range of motion. (活动能力常与柔韧性混淆，但两者是不同的概念。柔韧性指肌肉能拉伸多远，而活动能力则结合了力量与在全幅度范围内自由活动的能力。)”可知，本段主要阐述了活动能力与柔韧性的区别。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Instead, simple assessments like standing up from a chair without using hands or balancing on one foot can indicate current mobility levels. (相反，简单的评估如不用手从椅子上站起来或单脚站立，可以表明当前的活动能力水平。)”可知，单脚站立是一种简单的活动能力评估方法。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Walking daily is an accessible starting point, especially for those who are less active. (每天步行是一个容易上手的起点，尤其适合那些不太活跃的人。)”可知，对于不太活跃的人，推荐的起步锻炼是每天步行。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“According to sports medicine specialists, maintaining good mobility is essential for long-term health and can help reduce the risk of various diseases, including heart conditions and depression.(根据运动医学专家的观点，保持良好的活动能力对长期健康至关重要，并有助于降低多种疾病（包括心脏疾病和抑郁症）的发病风险。)”以及最后一段中“In summary, focusing on mobility through safe, regular exercises helps preserve functional independence and supports overall well-being throughout aging. (总之，通过安全、规律的锻炼关注活动能力，有助于保持功能独立性，并支持整个衰老过程中的整体健康。)”可知，全文围绕活动能力对衰老的重要性展开，作者的写作目的是强调活动能力在衰老过程中的重要性。 （25-26高二下·湖北十堰·阶段检测）For customers who don’t have the freedom to choose where they shop, technological advancements are making price discrimination (歧视) increasingly likely. Flexibility-based price discrimination allows companies to charge different people different prices for the same product or service, based on how easily they can walk away. When consumers can easily find better deals elsewhere, they hold the power. However, AI tools are allowing sellers to become increasingly expert at uncovering how much flexibility their consumers have, which raises serious concerns. In a recent study, we examined how flexibility-based price discrimination affects a seller’s profitability in a competitive market, and studied how consumer welfare is affected. The findings demonstrated that companies that utilize consumer inflexibility are likely to boom, often at the expense of those with the least power to choose. They don’t just raise prices when customers aren’t able to easily switch to a competitor, for low-income consumers they reduce product quality as well. This double blow hits low-income consumers hard. Dollar stores, for example, often serve low-income communities in smaller markets. When these retailers realize their customers have limited alternatives, they are less likely to keep prices low. Moreover, tests revealed the presence of poisonous components in colorfully labeled children’s products at American and Canadian dollar stores. But this is only part of the story. When these same techniques are used to target wealthier consumers, it can result in positive social outcomes for them. In contrast, high-income consumers may see their product quality improve. This is because high-income consumers are willing and able to pay for the improved quality and technology-enabled price discrimination can enable the seller to satisfy their needs better. The same thing happens with trade barriers and tariffs (关税). Product quality, price and income are known to be interconnected, with lower-income inflexible consumers suffering more than high-income consumers in the same situation. Any barriers that reduce consumer flexibility disproportionately harm low-income consumers, who are more likely to face lower-quality products as a result. Our study provides valuable insights for both lawmakers and policymakers. It shows that new policies are necessary to protect vulnerable consumers with limited flexibility from price discrimination. 1．What does the underlined word “utilize” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Refer to. B．Depend on. C．Take advantage of. D．Get rid of. 2．What do companies tend to do when consumers lack purchase choices? A．Expand product varieties. B．Lower prices to attract more customers. C．Reduce product quality for low-income groups. D．Prioritize the needs of high-income consumers. 3．Why does the author mention dollar stores? A．To show how companies draw on consumer inflexibility. B．To highlight health risks for children in low-income areas. C．To criticize their addition of harmful chemicals in products. D．To compare product quality between different income groups. 4．What is the author’s attitude toward price discrimination? A．Favourable. B．Skeptical. C．Objective. D．Disapproving. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】这篇文章主要探讨了技术催生差异化定价，商家利用消费者选择受限牟利，损害低收入群体，却利好高收入人群，文章呼吁出台政策保护弱势消费者。 1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In a recent study, we examined how flexibility-based price discrimination affects a seller’s profitability in a competitive market, and studied how consumer welfare is affected.( 最近的一项研究探讨了基于灵活性的价格歧视如何影响竞争市场中卖家的盈利能力，以及对消费者福利的影响。)”以及划线单词句中“The findings demonstrated that companies that… consumer inflexibility are likely to boom, often at the expense of those with the least power to choose.(研究结果表明，那些……消费者缺乏灵活性的企业往往能够迅速发展，但通常是以牺牲最缺乏选择权的人群为代价。)”可知，此处指企业利用消费者缺乏选择灵活性的弱点来盈利。故可猜测划线单词utilize为“利用”的意思，和C选项Take advantage of“利用”意思一致。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They don’t just raise prices when customers aren’t able to easily switch to a competitor, for low-income consumers they reduce product quality as well. This double blow hits low-income consumers hard.( 这些企业不仅在顾客难以转向竞争对手时抬高价格，对低收入消费者还会降低产品质量。这种双重打击对低收入群体造成了沉重打击。)”可知，当消费者缺乏购买选择时，企业通常会为低收入群体降低产品质量。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The findings demonstrated that companies that utilize consumer inflexibility are likely to boom, often at the expense of those with the least power to choose.(研究结果表明，那些利用消费者缺乏灵活性的企业往往能够迅速发展，但通常是以牺牲最缺乏选择权的人群为代价。)”以及第三段“Dollar stores, for example, often serve low-income communities in smaller markets. When these retailers realize their customers have limited alternatives, they are less likely to keep prices low. Moreover, tests revealed the presence of poisonous components in colorfully labeled children’s products at American and Canadian dollar stores.(例如，美元商店通常服务于小市场的低收入社区。当这些零售商意识到顾客的选择有限时，他们更可能不再维持低价。此外，测试发现，在美加货币商店中，色彩鲜艳的儿童产品存在有毒成分。)”可推知，作者提到美元商店是为了说明企业如何利用消费者的不灵活性。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“They don’t just raise prices when customers aren’t able to easily switch to a competitor, for low-income consumers they reduce product quality as well. This double blow hits low-income consumers hard.( 这些企业不仅在顾客难以转向竞争对手时抬高价格，对低收入消费者还会降低产品质量。这种双重打击对低收入群体造成了沉重打击。)”以及第四段中“When these same techniques are used to target wealthier consumers, it can result in positive social outcomes for them. In contrast, high-income consumers may see their product quality improve. This is because high-income consumers are willing and able to pay for the improved quality and technology-enabled price discrimination can enable the seller to satisfy their needs better.(当同样的策略用于针对较富裕的消费者时，可能会为他们带来积极的社会影响。相比之下，高收入消费者可能会看到产品质量得到提升。这是因为高收入消费者愿意为更高的质量付费，而技术赋能的价格歧视则使卖家能够更好地满足他们的需求。)”可知，作者既指出了基于灵活性的价格歧视对低收入消费者的严重伤害（涨价 + 降质），也客观提到它可能为高收入消费者带来更好的产品质量；基于研究结果提出了针对性的政策建议，没有完全否定或片面肯定这一现象。由此可知，作者对价格歧视的态度是客观中立的。 （25-26高二下·山东德州·阶段检测）In May 2026, a photograph from a high-profile state banquet in Beijing captured global attention. Seated at the center, next to tech giants Elon Musk and Tim Cook, was Zhou Qunfei, the founder of Lens Technology. This striking arrangement was more than a mere formality; it served as a powerful evidence to Zhou’s resilience, marking her evolution from a humble factory worker to a leading figure in the global electronics supply chain. Widely acknowledged as the “Queen of Glass,” Zhou built her empire by mastering the production of touchscreens for smartphones. Her journey, however, was paved with hardships. Born into poverty in Hunan Province, she dropped out of school at 15 to support her family. Yet, her relentless ambition drove her to establish her own workshop in 1993. Through decades of innovation, she transformed Lens Technology into an essential partner for the world’s leading tech giants. Despite her established success, Zhou remains acutely aware of market unpredictability. In 2026, facing a saturation (饱和) in the global smartphone market and a subsequent drop in profits, she recognized the risk of over-reliance on a single sector. Consequently, Lens Technology fulfilled a strategic adjustment: acquiring a controlling stake (股份) in Jentech International, a premier manufacturer of metal components. This purchase represents a key shift toward business diversification. By integrating Jentech’s advantage in metal casings, Zhou aims to provide a seamless “one-stop” solution, creating powerful industrial synergy (产业协同). Moreover, she is aggressively leading the company toward emerging frontiers, including commercial aerospace and embodied intelligence (robotics). Zhou’s track illustrates a profound business philosophy: in the fast-paced tech industry, change is the only constant. By constantly adapting and expanding her investments, she ensures Lens Technology stays ahead of the curve. Her story stands as an inspiring reminder that true success stems not just from hard work, but from the visionary courage to evolve when the world changes. 1．What does the author imply by describing the seating arrangement in the first paragraph? A．It was a coincidence that happened during the banquet. B．It highlighted the close personal friendship between the three leaders. C．It symbolized Zhou Qunfei’s significant rise and status in the tech world. D．It indicated that Lens Technology had officially merged with Tesla and Apple. 2．Why did Zhou Qunfei decide to acquire Jentech International in 2026? A．Because Jentech was the only company willing to sell its shares. B．To reduce the production costs of glass touchscreens. C．To diversify the business and face the slowing smartphone market. D．Because she wanted to exit the smartphone supply chain completely. 3．What does the underlined phrase “ahead of the curve” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Drawing a perfect line. B．Following others blindly. C．Falling behind competitors. D．Staying in a leading position. 4．Which of the following would be the most suitable title for the text? A．Zhou Qunfei:The History of Lens Technology. B．Zhou Qunfei: From Glass Screens to Global Vision. C．Zhou Qunfei:The Challenges of the Smartphone Market. D．Zhou Qunfei: A Banquet for Tech Giants around the world. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章介绍了蓝思科技创始人周群飞从普通女工到手机玻璃屏幕全球电子供应链重要人物的演变，以及蓝思科技的发展现状。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This striking arrangement was more than a mere formality; it served as a powerful evidence to Zhou’s resilience, marking her evolution from a humble factory worker to a leading figure in the global electronics supply chain. (这个引人注目的安排绝非寻常形式，它有力印证了周群飞的韧性，标志着她从普通工厂工人蜕变为全球电子供应链领军人物的转变。)”可推知，这个座位安排象征着周群飞在科技界的显著崛起和行业地位。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In 2026, facing a saturation (饱和) in the global smartphone market and a subsequent drop in profits, she recognized the risk of over-reliance on a single sector. Consequently, Lens Technology fulfilled a strategic adjustment: acquiring a controlling stake (股份) in Jentech International, a premier manufacturer of metal components. (2026年，面对全球智能手机市场饱和、利润随之下滑，她意识到过度依赖单一行业的风险。因此，蓝思科技做出战略调整：收购巨腾国际的控股权，这是一家金属部件的领先制造商。)”和第四段中“This purchase represents a key shift toward business diversification. (此次收购标志着企业向多元化经营迈出关键一步。)”可知，收购目的是实现业务多元化，应对增长放缓的智能手机市场。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线短语的上文“Zhou’s track illustrates a profound business philosophy: in the fast-paced tech industry, change is the only constant. By constantly adapting and expanding her investments (周群飞的经历诠释了深刻的商业理念：在快节奏的科技行业，变化是唯一不变的。通过不断调整适应、扩大投资)”可推知，周群飞主动变革，调整适应的目的是让公司保持领先优势，不被时代淘汰，画线短语的意思应该是“保持领先地位”。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Her story stands as an inspiring reminder that true success stems not just from hard work, but from the visionary courage to evolve when the world changes. (她的故事令人鼓舞地提醒我们，真正的成功不仅源于勤奋努力，更在于当世界变化时，拥有远见卓识的勇气去不断进步。)”可知，文章围绕周群飞的职业发展展开，从最初做玻璃触摸屏起家建立商业帝国，到主动转型拓展多元化业务、布局新兴领域，体现了她前瞻性的全球视野。因此，B项“周群飞：从玻璃触摸屏到全球视野”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。 （25-26高二下·广西南宁·阶段检测）Are you looking to have a classic science fiction book collection? Here are four of the top sci-fi authors to ever write in the genre (体裁). Aldous Huxley Aldous Huxley’s influence is huge and lasts until this day. His writing almost predicts many of the ways in which science would change the world and shapes scientific and technological advancements. Brave New World ($11.31) is still widely considered one of the most important novels of all time. Huxley is considered a philosopher outside of his work as an author. Robert A．Heinlein Having helped to establish some of the biggest and best subgenres within sci-fi, Robert A．Heinlein was also one of the first writers to explore themes related to society through science fiction. For newcomers to Heinlein, Stranger in a Strange Land ($11.94) and Starship Troopers ($15.39) are excellent starting points. Larry Niven Larry Niven is one of the most imaginative authors to ever publish in the science fiction genre. Perhaps best known for his Ringworld series ($36.42), Niven has released a mixture of hard sci-fi, humorous works, and even stories with a sort of private eye feel to them. Niven is so widely known that there is such a thing as Niven’s Laws, a series of rules explaining the universe through Niven’s viewpoint. Douglas Adams The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy ($11.29) is the first book in his highly popular series of comedy science fiction novels, and Adams’ works continue to be adapted and enjoyed to this very day. Although Adams wasn’t a sci-fi novelist in the traditional sense, having originally released The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy as a radio play, the impact of his work earned him a spot on this list. 1．What is special about Aldous Huxley’s writing? A．It connects with philosophy. B．It is widely adapted for movies. C．It is difficult for sci-fi beginners. D．It predicts scientific development. 2．Which sci-fi novel explores social topics? A．Brave New World. B．The Ringworld series. C．Stranger in a Strange Land. D．The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy. 3．What do the Ringworld series and The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy have in common? A．They both focus on the universe. B．They are both entertaining to read. C．They are both basically radio plays. D．They both describe science’s influence. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文介绍四位顶尖科幻作家，分别简述创作特色与代表书目及售价，作品风格各异，对科幻领域影响深远。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“His writing almost predicts many of the ways in which science would change the world and shapes scientific and technological advancements.(他的写作几乎预测了科学改变世界并塑造了科技进步的许多方式)”可知，Aldous Huxley写作的特别之处在于他预测了科学的发展。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Robert A. Heinlein was also one of the first writers to explore themes related to society through science fiction(罗伯特·A·海因莱因也是最早通过科幻小说探索与社会相关主题的作家之一)”以及紧接着推荐的代表作“For newcomers to Heinlein, Stranger in a Strange Land... are excellent starting points.(想要入门海因莱因作品的读者来说，《异乡异客》……是绝佳的入门读物)”可知，《异乡异客》是一部探索社会话题的科幻小说。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps best known for his Ringworld series ($36.42), Niven has released a mixture of hard sci-fi, humorous works, and even stories with a sort of private eye feel to them.(尼文凭借《环形世界》系列（36.42 美元）闻名于世，他的作品涵盖硬核科幻、幽默文学，还有带私家侦探风格的故事)”以及第五段“The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy ($11.29) is the first book in his highly popular series of comedy science fiction novels, and Adams’ works continue to be adapted and enjoyed to this very day.(《银河系漫游指南》（11.29 美元）是他大热喜剧科幻系列的首部作品，时至今日亚当斯的作品仍不断被改编、广受喜爱)”可知，这两部作品都带有幽默、喜剧色彩，因此共同点是读起来都很有趣。 三、完形填空 （25-26高二下·河北保定·期末）“You can use me as a last choice, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual 1 from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ hockey club. I guess there’s some demanding work schedule, or social 2 around stepping up to help with an unknown sport. She may just need a little 3 . So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I 4 the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on ... At this point the unwilling parent 5 , “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in 6 volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent 7 the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up as an 8 member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the 9 for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to thirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid 10 a goal. Still, most of us 11 breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of 12 the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you 13 give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good. In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a 14 act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies? After all, the shared joy of giving 15 the initial hesitation. 1．A．reply B．request C．demand D．refusal 2．A．issues B．factors C．anxiety D．change 3．A．training B．helping C．learning D．persuading 4．A．have B．mention C．picture D．notice 5．A．speaks up B．picks up C．opens up D．turns up 6．A．accepting B．sharing C．taking D．claiming 7．A．chooses B．orders C．prepares D．organizes 8．A．fearless B．independent C．invaluable D．worthless 9．A．hook B．return C．call D．chance 10．A．set B．pursue C．score D．realize 11．A．players B．trainers C．volunteers D．parents 12．A．why B．when C．how D．where 13．A．humbly B．freely C．happily D．readily 14．A．generous B．loving C．warm D．selfish 15．A．hides B．forgets C．replaces D．outweighs 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D 【导语】本文讲述了作者招募曲棍球俱乐部志愿者时，说服犹豫的家长参与志愿服务，这位家长从最初的不情愿到逐渐成为志愿活动的中坚力量，由此作者领悟志愿活动价值。 1．考查名词。句意：“你可以把我当作最后的选择，如果没有其他人自愿报名，那我就来做。”这是我为孩子的曲棍球俱乐部发出志愿者招募请求后，一位家长给出的真实回复。A. reply回复；B. request请求；C. demand要求；D. refusal拒绝。根据前文“You can use me as a last choice, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”可知，作者发出了志愿者招募请求，这里是家长针对这个请求给出的回应。 2．考查名词。句意：我猜，主动参与帮助一项陌生的运动，人们要么是工作日程太紧张，要么是对此存在社交焦虑。A. issues问题；B. factors因素；C. anxiety焦虑；D. change改变。根据前文“there’s some demanding work schedule”和后文“around stepping up to help with an unknown sport”可知，这里是分析家长不愿意参与的原因，家长对参与陌生的志愿活动存在社交焦虑。 3．考查动词。句意：她可能只是需要一点劝说。A. training训练；B. helping帮助；C. learning学习；D. persuading劝说。根据后文“So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.”可知，作者再次尝试打动对方，说明作者认为这位家长只需要一点劝说就会同意。 4．考查动词。句意：我提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长在主持这个节目，我还谈到了一位父亲在执教一支他的孩子甚至都不在里面的球队……。A. have拥有；B. mention提到；C. picture想象；D. notice注意。根据后文“the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on”可知，作者为了劝说对方，提到其他志愿者的例子。 5．考查动词短语。句意：这时，原本不情愿的家长开口说：“好吧，我来做。”。A. speaks up开口说，大声说出；B. picks up捡起；C. opens up打开；D. turns up出现。根据空格后“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”可知，空后是这位家长说的内容，因此此处表示家长开口答应。 6．考查动词。句意：我心里悄悄松了一口气，因为我知道把志愿责任分摊给很多人身上有着实实在在的力量。A. accepting接受；B. sharing分享，分摊；C. taking承担；D. claiming宣称。根据后文“volunteer responsibilities among many”可知，作者招募多名志愿者共同承担责任。 7．考查动词。句意：这位原本不情愿的家长安排了用餐时间表，发邮件，为季末礼物筹款。A. chooses选择；B. orders订购；C. prepares准备；D. organizes安排，组织。根据后文“the meal schedule”可知，这里指安排用餐时间表。 8．考查形容词。句意：一路走来，这位家长最终成了队伍中无比重要的一员。A. fearless无畏的；B. independent独立的；C. invaluable极有价值的，极重要的；D. worthless无价值的。根据前文“The unwilling parent ______ the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”可知，这位家长已经承担了多项团队工作，对团队来说非常重要、不可或缺。 9．考查名词。句意：教练可以专注于指导孩子，而其他家长有一个赛季不用再承担任务，可以松一口气。A. hook钩，陷阱；B. return返回；C. call召唤；D. chance机会。根据前文“The unwilling parent ______ the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts.”和“the other parents are relieved to be off the”可知，这位家长承担许多志愿工作，那么其他家长不用再承担这次的志愿任务。off the hook是固定搭配，表示“脱离困境，免于承担责任”。 10．考查动词。句意：给口渴的孩子分切好的橙子，就和亲眼看着自己的孩子射进球门一样令人兴奋。A. set设置；B. pursue追求；C. score得分，进球；D. realize实现。根据空后“a goal”和上文“my kids’ hockey club”可知，这里指进球，符合曲棍球运动特征，score a goal是固定搭配，表示“进球得分”。 11．考查名词。句意：尽管如此，当赛季结束时，我们大多数志愿者还是会松一口气。A. players运动员；B. trainers教练；C. volunteers志愿者；D. parents家长。根据上文“I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ hockey club”可知，全文围绕志愿者招募和志愿服务展开，此处指参与一个赛季志愿服务的志愿者们在赛季结束后松一口气。 12．考查连词。句意：松一口气的同时，我们也深深理解了为什么同样这群人会一次次回来参与更多志愿服务：当你无偿付出时间、金钱、技能或服务，和社区建立联结本身就会带来实实在在的快乐。A. why为什么；B. when何时；C. how如何；D. where哪里。后文“Connecting to the community as you _____ give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy”解释了人们反复参与志愿服务的原因，所以此处用why引导宾语从句，表示理解人们这么做的原因。 13．考查副词。句意同上。A. humbly谦逊地；B. freely无偿地，自由地；C. happily快乐地；D. readily乐意地。根据后文“give your time, money, skills, or services”和志愿活动的无偿和自愿可知，志愿活动本身就是人们自由无偿地付出的活动。 14．考查形容词。句意：从这个意义上说，我很确定，志愿活动比我愿意承认的更偏向自私一点。A. generous慷慨的；B. loving有爱的；C. warm温暖的；D. selfish自私的。根据前文“Connecting to the community as you _____ give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy.”和后文“However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?”可知，作者指出做志愿也会让自己收获愉悦，得到回报，本质比我们愿意承认的更自私，后文也提到自己也能获得回报。 15．考查动词。句意：毕竟，付出带来的共有快乐，远胜过最初的犹豫。A. hides隐藏；B. forgets忘记；C. replaces代替；D. outweighs比……更重要，胜过。根据前文“However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?”并结合上文一位不情愿的家长最终变得非常投入志愿活动，说明最初人们对参与志愿服务会有犹豫，但最终收获的快乐远超过了这份犹豫。 （25-26高二下·云南普洱·期末）Luke Coelho recently transferred from Brazil to attend school in the United States. He knows that 1 is the shared value respected and cherished in every country and culture. One day, he discovered a donated jacket in a public area. Inside it, there lay something that carried a family’s most precious 2 . Without any hesitation, Luke decided to 3 the good value in real life by returning the 4 jacket to its owner. Andy’s Attic is a clothing donation program at Luke’s new school, and Luke recently 5 the jacket through the program. Local resident Dave Kenney was the one who donated the jacket. When Luke put on the coat, 6 , he found much more than a warm coat. Inside the pocket, Luke discovered some personal 7 , including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings! Luke 8 shared the news with his aunt Taryn Souza and together they set to work trying to 9 the owner of the items. With some detective work, they were 10 to find Dave. Of course, he was 11 to receive the prized pieces back, but he hadn’t even 12 that they were in the jacket! Earlier this year, both Dave’s mother and wife passed away, so he was especially 13 to have back the wedding ring he’d bought for his wife and items that had 14 his mother. Dave stated, “This fine young man did the right thing. I totally 15 what they did for me and my family.” 1．A．courage B．bravery C．generosity D．honesty 2．A．elements B．treasures C．traditions D．memories 3．A．exercise B．check C．promote D．learn 4．A．forgotten B．outdated C．donated D．worn 5．A．discovered B．received C．found D．changed 6．A．to his surprise B．in relief C．out of curiosity D．with joy 7．A．gold B．art C．material D．possessions 8．A．excitedly B．hesitantly C．eventually D．immediately 9．A．locate B．recognize C．remind D．inform 10．A．eager B．likely C．able D．ready 11．A．supposed B．excited C．surprised D．annoyed 12．A．mentioned B．denied C．admitted D．realized 13．A．grateful B．determined C．anxious D．amazed 14．A．led to B．come from C．belonged to D．stood for 15．A．accept B．appreciate C．support D．understand 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】文章讲述了巴西少年Luke Coelho转学至美国，在学校捐赠衣物中拿到一件外套，意外发现内有贵重珠宝，他秉持诚实品质，与姑姑一起设法找到并归还失主Dave Kenney，失主深受感动的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：他知道诚实是每个国家和文化都尊重和珍视的共同价值观。A. courage勇气；B. bravery勇敢；C. generosity慷慨；D. honesty诚实。根据后文“ Without any hesitation, Luke decided to the good value in real life by returning the jacket to its owner”可知，Luke发现贵重物品后主动归还失主，说明他认可诚实这一普世美德。 2．考查名词。句意：外套里面有一样东西，承载着一个家庭最珍贵的贵重物品。A. elements要素；B. treasures珍宝、贵重物品；C. traditions传统；D. memories回忆。根据后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，口袋里有手表、戒指等贵重物品。 3．考查动词。句意：Luke毫不犹豫地决定在现实生活中践行这种良好的价值观，把这件捐赠的外套还给主人。A. exercise践行；B. check检查；C. promote提升；D. learn学习。根据前文“He knows that is the shared value respected and cherished in every country and culture”及后文“by returning the jacket to its owner”可知，此处指Luke决定将美好的品德落实到行动中。 4．考查形容词。句意同上。A. forgotten被遗忘的；B. outdated过时的；C. donated捐赠的；D. worn破旧的。根据前文“he discovered a donated jacket in a public area”可知，这件外套是他人捐赠的。 5．考查动词。句意：“Andy的阁楼”是Luke新学校的衣物捐赠项目，Luke近期通过这个项目拿到了这件外套。A. discovered发现；B. received收到；C. found找到；D. changed改变。根据后文“the jacket through the program”可知，Luke是通过捐赠项目领取到了这件外套。 6．考查介词短语。句意：当Luke穿上这件外套时，令他惊讶的是，他发现这绝不仅仅是一件保暖外衣。A. to his surprise令他惊讶的是；B. in relief如释重负；C. out of curiosity出于好奇；D. with joy高兴地。根据后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”讲到口袋里发现了各类贵重首饰，可知，这是意料之外的事情。 7．考查名词。句意：在口袋里，Luke发现了一些个人财物，包括两块手表、一个手镯和两枚钻戒！A. gold黄金；B. art艺术品；C. material材料；D. possessions财物。根据后文“including two watches, a bracelet and two diamond rings”可知，手表、手镯、戒指都属于私人物品。 8．考查副词。句意：Luke立刻把这件事告诉了姑姑Taryn Souza，二人随即开始努力寻找这些物品的主人。A. excitedly兴奋地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. eventually最终；D. immediately立刻。根据后文“shared the news with his aunt Taryn Souza”可知，发现贵重物品后，Luke第一时间告知家人，想要尽快归还失主。 9．考查动词。句意同上。A. locate找到、定位；B. recognize认出；C. remind提醒；D. inform通知。根据后文“the owner of the items”可知，此处指二人着手查找物品的主人。 10．考查形容词。句意：经过一番探寻，他们终于找到了Dave。A. eager渴望的；B. likely可能的；C. able能够的；D. ready准备好的。根据后文“to find Dave”可知，他们成功找到了失主，be able to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“成功做成某事”。 11．考查形容词。句意：可想而知，拿回这些贵重物品，他十分激动，而他甚至都没意识到这些东西在衣服里！A. supposed应该的；B. excited激动的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“ to receive the prized pieces back”可知，失主找回遗失的珍贵物品，内心满是激动。 12．考查动词。句意同上。A. mentioned提到；B. denied否认；C. admitted承认；D. realized意识到。根据后文“that they were in the jacket”可知，Dave捐赠衣物时，完全没发觉首饰还留在口袋中。 13．考查形容词。句意：今年早些时候，Dave的母亲和妻子相继离世，因此能拿回给妻子购置的婚戒以及母亲生前的物件，他格外心怀感激。A. grateful感激的；B. determined坚定的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据后文“have back the wedding ring he’d bought for his wife and items that had his mother”可知，这些物品寄托着对亲人的思念，失主对归还物品的人心存感激。 14．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. led to导致；B. come from来自；C. belonged to属于；D. stood for代表。根据前文“items”及后文“his mother”可知，此处指这些物品原本是Dave的母亲所有。 15．考查动词。句意：Dave说道：“这个优秀的年轻人做了正确的选择。我由衷感激他为我和我的家人所做的一切。”A. accept接受；B. appreciate感激；C. support支持；D. understand理解。根据前文“he was especially to have back the wedding ring he’d bought for his wife and items that had his mother”可知，Dave对Luke拾金不昧的行为表达谢意。 （25-26高二下·山东·期末）It was a freezing winter night. I huddled (蜷缩) in the corner of a 24-hour convenience store, holding a cup of hot chocolate that had already gone 1 . Failing the job interview was like a hit on the chest. I felt like a deflated 2 , all my hopes and dreams just leaking away. Outside the glass window, the stars in the sky were dim (暗), 3 the sorrow in my heart. Suddenly, the silence was broken by the wind bells. An old man in a washed-out cotton jacket, its original 4 hard to tell, pushed the door open. A heavy bag with cleaning tools showed that perhaps he was a cleaner. In his left hand was a bunch of wild flowers in full bloom (盛开). At the counter, he took out a handful of loose 5 to pay for his hot milk. Suddenly, coins 6 on the floor. Naturally, I knelt to help 7 them. He offered the flowers to me with 8 . When my fingertips brushed against his hands, his clouded eyes 9 with a quiet warmth. “Here, child,” he said, “Take these...” I froze with the flowers in my hands. The old man told me how he 10 them during his early-morning street sweeps, took them back home, or gave them to 11 struggling through this cold winter night. “No matter how hard life is, please 12 something to keep going,” he whispered, “Just like these flowers, still 13 blooming despite the cold.” That night, I walked home with the flowers. Starlight 14 through the clouds, shining over me. True starlight doesn’t only exist in the vast sky above, but also exists in the small, warm 15 of ordinary souls. 1．A．cold B．sour C．bad D．sweet 2．A．bomb B．star C．balloon D．engine 3．A．correcting B．guiding C．inspiring D．mirroring 4．A．color B．style C．identity D．function 5．A．food B．change C．flowers D．receipts 6．A．shone B．appeared C．dropped D．flowed 7．A．rescue B．count C．pack D．gather 8．A．tenderness B．hesitation C．curiosity D．patience 9．A．rolled B．closed C．softened D．widened 10．A．ordered B．collected C．cleaned D．delivered 11．A．strangers B．relatives C．followers D．readers 12．A．run out of B．make up for C．take charge of D．hold on to 13．A．randomly B．separately C．determinedly D．generally 14．A．looked B．danced C．floated D．sheltered 15．A．wisdom B．honesty C．rebirth D．kindness 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者在一个寒冷冬夜因面试失败而失意，后被一位清洁工老人用送花的善意温暖并获得鼓励的故事。 1．考查形容词。句意：那是一个寒冷的冬夜。我蜷缩在24小时便利店的角落，手里拿着一杯早已变凉的热巧克力。A. cold凉的；B. sour酸的；C. bad坏的；D. sweet甜的。根据上文“It was a freezing winter night”和“holding a cup of hot chocolate”可知，在寒冷的冬夜里，放久的热巧克力会变凉。 2．考查名词。句意：面试失败就像胸口挨了一拳，我感觉自己像个被放了气的气球，所有的希望和梦想都在慢慢流失。A. bomb炸弹；B. star星星；C. balloon气球；D. engine引擎。根据上文“deflated”和下文“all my hopes and dreams just leaking away”可知，作者用被放气的气球来比喻自己泄气、希望破灭的状态。 3．考查动词。句意：窗外，天空中的星星很暗淡，映照出我内心的悲伤。A. correcting纠正；B. guiding引导；C. inspiring激励；D. mirroring映照。根据上文“the stars in the sky were dim (暗)”和下文“the sorrow in my heart”可知，暗淡的星星和作者悲伤的心情相呼应，映照出他的悲伤。 4．考查名词。句意：一个穿着褪色棉夹克的老人推开门，夹克原本的颜色已难以辨认。A. color颜色；B. style风格；C. identity身份；D. function功能。根据上文“in a washed-out cotton jacket”可知，这件夹克已经褪色，原本的颜色看不清了。 5．考查名词。句意：在柜台前，他掏出一把零钱来买热牛奶。A. food食物；B. change零钱；C. flowers花；D. receipts收据。根据下文“to pay for his hot milk”和“coins”可知，他用零钱来付款。 6．考查动词。句意：突然，硬币掉在了地上。A. shone发光；B. appeared出现；C. dropped掉落；D. flowed流动。根据下文“Naturally, I knelt to help ____ them”可知，硬币掉在了地上，作者才会跪下来帮忙。 7．考查动词。句意：很自然地，我跪下来帮他捡起这些硬币。A. rescue营救；B. count数；C. pack打包；D. gather收集。根据上文“coins ____ on the floor”和下文“I knelt to help”可知，作者帮老人把掉在地上的硬币捡起来。 8．考查名词。句意：他温柔地把花递给我。A. tenderness温柔；B. hesitation犹豫；C. curiosity好奇；D. patience耐心。根据下文“with a quiet warmth. “Here, child,” he said, “Take these...””可知，他递花时的态度是温柔的。 9．考查动词。句意：当我的指尖碰到他的手时，他那双蒙着薄雾的眼睛流露出温和的暖意。A. rolled滚动；B. closed闭上；C. softened变得柔和；D. widened睁大。根据下文“with a quiet warmth”可知，老人的眼神因接触而变得柔和，充满了暖意。 10．考查动词。句意：老人告诉我，他是在清晨清扫街道时收集这些花的。A. ordered订购；B. collected收集；C. cleaned打扫；D. delivered递送。根据下文“during his early-morning street sweeps”和“took them back home, or gave them to”可知，这些花是他在清扫街道时收集来的。 11．考查名词。句意：他会把花带回家，或者送给在这个寒冷的冬夜里挣扎的陌生人。A. strangers陌生人；B. relatives亲戚；C. followers追随者；D. readers读者。根据上文“Suddenly, the silence was broken by the wind bells. An old man in a washed-out cotton jacket, its original ____ hard to tell, pushed the door open.”和作者的经历可知，老人会把花送给和作者一样在冬夜里失意、挣扎的陌生人。 12．考查动词短语。句意：他低声说：“无论生活多么艰难，请守住一些东西支撑自己走下去。就像这些花一样，尽管天气寒冷，它们依然坚定地绽放。”A. run out of用完；B. make up for弥补；C. take charge of负责；D. hold on to坚持。根据上文“No matter how hard life is”和下文“something to keep going”可知，老人在鼓励作者要守住希望，坚持下去。 13．考查副词。句意同上。A. randomly随意地；B. separately分开地；C. determinedly坚定地；D. generally通常地。根据下文“despite the cold”可知，这些野花在严寒中依然坚定地绽放，体现出顽强的生命力。 14．考查动词。句意：那天晚上，我拿着花走回家。星光穿过云层，在我身上闪烁舞动。A. looked看；B. danced舞动；C. floated漂浮；D. sheltered遮蔽。根据下文“shining over me”可知，此处是指星光穿过云层、闪烁舞动的样子。 15．考查名词。句意：真正的星光不仅存在于浩瀚的天空中，也存在于平凡灵魂的微小而温暖的善意中。A. wisdom智慧；B. honesty诚实；C. rebirth重生；D. kindness善意。根据上文“He offered the flowers to me”和“with a quiet warmth. “Here, child,” he said, “Take these...””可知，此处是指平凡人的善意，就像星光一样温暖人心。 （25-26高二下·黑龙江辽宁·期末）A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting. To the little boy’s 1 , she said she would go. This 2 be the first time that his classmates and teacher 3 his mother and he felt 4 of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar (伤疤) that 5 nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to 6 why or how she got the scar. At the meeting, the people were 7 by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother 8 the scar, but the little boy was still embarrassed (尴尬的) and 9 himself from everyone. He did, however, get within 10 of a conversation between his mother and his teacher. The teacher asked 11 , “How did you get the scar on your face?” The mother replied, “ 12 my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was 13 afraid to go in because the fire was 14 , so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I saw a long piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked senseless but 15 , a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She touched the burned side of her face. “This scar will be there forever, but to this day, I have never regretted what I did.” At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He hugged her and felt a great sense of the sacrifice (牺牲) that his mother had made for him. He held her hand tightly for the rest of the day. 1．A．enjoyment B．disappointment C．surprise D．excitement 2．A．would B．could C．should D．must 3．A．noticed B．greeted C．met D．accepted 4．A．sick B．ashamed C．afraid D．tired 5．A．included B．passed C．covered D．shaded 6．A．talk about B．think about C．care about D．hear about 7．A．impressed B．surprised C．excited D．comforted 8．A．in sight of B．by means of C．by way of D．in spite of 9．A．hid B．protected C．separated D．divided 10．A．understanding B．reminding C．hearing D．learning 11．A．carefully B．seriously C．nervously D．anxiously 12．A．As B．When C．Since D．While 13．A．so B．much C．quite D．too 14．A．out of control B．under control C．in control D．over control 15．A．surely B．hopefully C．luckily D．unluckily 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．A 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文通过叙述一个小男孩对母亲脸上伤疤态度转变的故事，展现了母爱的伟大和无私。 1．考查名词。句意：令小男孩失望的是，她答应会去。A. enjoyment享受；B. disappointment失望；C. surprise惊讶；D. excitement兴奋。根据下文的“Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar (伤疤) that 　　 nearly the entire right side of her face.”可知，因为母亲的脸上有伤疤，小男孩不希望母亲参加家长会，所以母亲答应去时他感到“失望”。 2．考查情态动词。句意：这将是他的同学和老师第一次见到他的母亲，他感到对她外貌感到羞愧。A. would将；B. could能够；C. should应该；D. must必须。根据上文的“she said she would go”可知，这里表示过去将来时，用would。 3．考查动词。句意：这将是他的同学和老师第一次见到他的母亲，他感到对她外貌感到羞愧。A. noticed注意到；B. greeted问候；C. met遇见；D. accepted接受。根据第一句“A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent meeting.”可知，母亲去参加家长会，所以这是同学和老师第一次“遇见”他的母亲。 4．考查形容词。句意：这将是他的同学和老师第一次见到他的母亲，他感到对她外貌感到羞愧。A. sick生病的；B. ashamed难为情的；C. afraid害怕的；D. tired疲惫的。根据下文的“there was a severe scar that covered nearly the entire right side of her face”可知，因为母亲的脸上有疤，小男孩为母亲的外貌感到“难为情”。 5．考查动词。句意：尽管她是一位非常漂亮的女士，有一块严重的伤疤几乎覆盖了她的整个右脸。A. included包括；B. passed通过；C. covered覆盖；D. shaded遮蔽。根据下文的“nearly the entire right side of her face”可知，伤疤“覆盖”了她的右脸。 6．考查动词短语。句意：小男孩从来不想谈论她伤疤的来历。A. talk about谈论；B. think about考虑；C. care about关心；D. hear about听说。根据上文的“he felt 　　of her appearance”和下文的“why or how she got the scar”可知，小男孩不想“谈论”伤疤的来历。 7．考查形容词。句意：在会上，尽管母亲脸上有伤疤，但她的善良和天生丽质还是给人留下了深刻的印象，但这个小男孩仍然很窘迫，他躲着大家。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. excited兴奋的；D. comforted安慰的。根据下文的“by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother”可知，人们对母亲的善良和美丽印象深刻。 8．考查介词短语。句意：在会上，尽管母亲脸上有伤疤，但她的善良和天生丽质还是给人留下了深刻的印象，但这个小男孩仍然很窘迫，他躲着大家。A. in sight of看见；B. by means of通过；C. by way of经由；D. in spite of尽管。根据空格前的“the kindness and natural beauty of his mother”和空格后的“the scar” 可知，这里表示转折关系，“尽管”有伤疤，但母亲依然给人留下深刻印象。 9．考查动词。句意：在会上，尽管母亲脸上有伤疤，但她的善良和天生丽质还是给人留下了深刻的印象，但这个小男孩仍然很窘迫，他躲着大家。A. hid躲藏；B. protected保护；C. separated分离；D. divided划分。根据上文的“but the little boy was still embarrassed”可知，小男孩因为窘迫而“躲着”大家。 10．考查名词。句意：但是他又躲在可以听见母亲和老师谈话的地方。A. understanding理解；B. reminding提醒；C. hearing听见；D. learning学习。根据下文的“a conversation between his mother and his teacher”可知，小男孩躲在可以“听见”谈话的地方。 11．考查副词。句意：老师小心地问道：“你脸上的伤疤是怎么来的？”A. carefully小心地；B. seriously严肃地；C. nervously紧张地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据下文的“How did you get the scar on your face?”可知，老师“小心地”询问伤疤的来历。 12．考查连词。句意：当我儿子还是个婴儿的时候，他的房间着火了。A. As随着；B. When当……时；C. Since自从；D. While与……同时。 根据上文的“my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire”可知，这里表示“当……时”，用“When”。 13．考查副词。句意：大家都不敢进去，因为火势失控了。A. so如此；B. much非常；C. quite相当；D. too太。 根据下文的“afraid to go in”可知，这里用“too ... to”结构，表示“太……而不能”。 14．考查介词短语。句意：大家都不敢进去，因为火势失控了。A. out of control失控；B. under control被控制；C. in control在控制中；D. over control过度控制。根据上文的“Everyone was   afraid to go in”可知，火势“失控”了。 15．考查副词。句意：我被砸晕了，但幸运的是，消防员冲了进来，救了我们。A. surely当然；B. hopefully有希望地；C. luckily幸运地；D. unluckily不幸地。根据下文的“a fireman came in and saved both of us”可知，这是“幸运地”。 （25-26高二下·四川成都·期中）I had just started my first year of college when a bike ran into me. The cyclist raced down the slope (斜坡) too fast, the brakes 1 , and the whole bike hit me full on and I crashed to the ground. When I opened my eyes, I saw faces hovering over me and heard voices shouting for 2 . At that moment, I had no idea of how 3 I had been injured. Soon, an ambulance 4 me to the hospital, where my arm started to swell (肿胀) alarmingly and I lost feeling in my 5 . The weeks that followed were rough on me. I could not write or eat. Every morning, I 6 hoping that the feeling in my fingers would 7 , and every night, I went to bed, feeling 8 that the damage might be permanent. But I refused to let the injury 9 me. Though the road to recovery was far from 10 , I hunted for tiny wins. First, I learned to hold a rubber ball for ten seconds; then I managed to write my name on a sheet of paper. Each small 11 became a flag of hope. Gradually, I was able to write by hand freely again. I covered my bedroom wall with X-rays (X光片) that 12 my slowly healing bones. Months later, I even 13 the regional calligraphy contest and won an award. When I stepped forward to receive my certificate, I held it with both hands, weak but 14 . The experience taught me an important lesson: Life will 15 us down, but we can choose whether or not to stand back up. 1．A．failed B．worked C．held D．broke 2．A．ambulance B．attention C．help D．police 3．A．suddenly B．narrowly C．unconsciously D．severely 4．A．inspired B．rushed C．allowed D．drove 5．A．eyes B．fingers C．shoulders D．legs 6．A．pulled through B．got over C．kept back D．woke up 7．A．spread B．fade C．return D．last 8．A．panicked B．disappointed C．guilty D．hopeful 9．A．leave B．define C．owe D．remind 10．A．long B．difficult C．great D．smooth 11．A．innovation B．victory C．intention D．step 12．A．described B．secured C．showed D．confirmed 13．A．entered B．organized C．designed D．quit 14．A．surprised B．relieved C．determined D．devoted 15．A．bring B．turn C．pull D．put 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲的是作者大一遭遇车祸致手指失去知觉，但他不屈不挠、积小胜为大胜，最终康复并获奖的励志故事。 1．考查动词。句意：骑车的人下坡时速度太快，刹车失灵了，整辆自行车猛地撞向了我，我直接摔到了地上。A. failed失灵；B. worked工作；C. held抓住；D. broke打破。根据上文“raced down the slope (斜坡) too fast”和下文“the whole bike hit me full on and I crashed to the ground”可知，正因为刹车失灵才会直接撞上作者。 2．考查名词。句意：当我睁开眼睛时，看到一张张脸悬在我上方，还听到人们大喊救命。A. ambulance救护车；B. attention注意；C. help帮助；D. police警察。根据上文“I crashed to the ground”可知，作者被撞倒在地，周围人自然是大喊救命，shout for help是固定搭配，意为“呼救”。 3．考查副词。句意：那一刻，我完全不知道自己伤得有多严重。A. suddenly突然；B. narrowly勉强地；C. unconsciously无意识地；D. severely严重地。根据下文“my arm started to swell (肿胀) alarmingly”可知，作者伤势严重，how severely修饰injured，表示“伤得多严重”。 4．考查动词。句意：很快，一辆救护车迅速将我送往医院。到了医院后，我的手臂开始异常肿胀，而且我的手指也失去了知觉。A. inspired激励；B. rushed紧急送往；C. allowed允许；D. drove驾驶。根据上文“how ___ I had been injured”可知，作者受伤后救护车紧急将其送往医院，rush sb. to the hospital是常用搭配，意为“紧急送某人去医院”。 5．考查名词。句意：很快，一辆救护车迅速将我送往医院。到了医院后，我的手臂开始异常肿胀，而且我的手指也失去了知觉。A. eyes眼睛；B. fingers手指；C. shoulders肩膀；D. legs腿。根据下文反复出现的“the feeling in my fingers”可知，此处应选fingers，前后呼应。 6．考查动词短语。句意：每天早上，我醒来时都满怀希望，期盼手指上的感觉能够恢复；每晚入睡前，我又会感到极度恐慌，担心这种损伤可能是永久性的。A. pulled through度过难关；B. got over克服；C. kept back阻止；D. woke up醒来。根据上文“Every morning”和下文“every night, I went to bed”可知，此处是说每天早上醒来。 7．考查动词。句意：每天早上，我醒来时都满怀希望，期盼手指上的感觉能够恢复；每晚入睡前，我又会感到极度恐慌，担心这种损伤可能是永久性的。A. spread传播；B. fade消退；C. return恢复/回来；D. last持续。根据上文“hoping that the feeling in my fingers”可知，作者希望失去的知觉能重新回来，return在此意为“恢复”。 8．考查形容词。句意：每天早上，我醒来时都满怀希望，期盼手指上的感觉能够恢复；每晚入睡前，我又会感到极度恐慌，担心这种损伤可能是永久性的。A. panicked恐慌的；B. disappointed失望的；C. guilty内疚的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据下文“the damage might be permanent”可知，担心永久损伤，自然感到恐慌。 9．考查动词。句意：但我拒绝让伤痛定义我。A. leave离开；B. define定义；C. owe欠；D. remind提醒。根据上文“But I refused to let the injury”和下文“I hunted for tiny wins”可知，作者不想被伤痛所定义、所限制。 10．考查形容词。句意：虽然康复之路远非一帆风顺，但我努力寻找每一个小胜利。A. long长的；B. difficult困难的；C. great伟大的；D. smooth顺利的/平滑的。far from smooth是固定表达，意为“远非一帆风顺”，与下文“hunted for tiny wins”形成呼应，说明康复过程充满艰辛。 11．考查名词。句意：每一个小小的胜利都成了希望的旗帜。A. innovation创新；B. victory胜利；C. intention意图；D. step步骤。根据上文“tiny wins”可知，此处选victory与wins同义替换，每个小胜利都是希望的旗帜。 12．考查动词。句意：我在卧室墙上贴满了X光片，那些X光片展示了我慢慢愈合的骨头。A. described描述；B. secured获得；C. showed展示；D. confirmed确认。根据下文“my slowly healing bones”可知，X光片的作用是“展示”骨骼愈合的情况。 13．考查动词。句意：几个月后，我甚至参加了地区书法比赛并获了奖。$