专题03 七下Unit 5-6（暑假复习讲义）新八年级英语新教材沪教版

沪教版七年级下册Unit5-Unit6复习讲义 Unit 5 Water is life 水等于生命 一、重点单词 1.  adj. 每天的 2.  n. 类型；形态 3. n. 旅途 4.  n. 滴；水珠 5.  n. 水龙头 6.  n. 说话声 7.  adv. 最后； 终于 8. v. 回去；返回 9.  v. 迅速移动 10.  n. 洗澡；洗浴 11.  adj. 含盐的；咸的 12. n. 脑 13. v. 修理 14.   adj. 公共的；公开的 15.  n. 人口 16.  n. 农业 17.  n. 贸易；买卖 18.  n. 工业；生产制造 19.  n. 作用 20.  n. 商品；货品 21.  adv. 在国外；向海外 22.  adj. 全球的；全世界的 23.  n. 收入；收益 24.   adv. 几乎；差不多 25.  n. 买卖；生意 26.  prep. 自始至终 27.   n. 责任；义务 28. pipe ______（非四会词） 29. leisure ______（非四会词） 二、 重点短语 1. ____________ 有点儿；稍微 2 . ____________ 立即；马上 3. ____________ 饮用水 4. ____________ 在.....起作用 5. ____________ 蒸汽机 6. ____________ 作为结果；因此 7. ____________ 确保；设法保证 三、 重点句型 1.这张图展示了水循环。 The picture _______ ____ ______ ______. 2.当她刷牙的时候，她想到了和她的朋友一起去游泳。 ____ she ________ ____ ______, she thought about going swimming with her friends. 3.你知道我来自哪里吗？ Do you know _______ __ ______ ______? 4.你怎么进我家来的? ______ did you ______ _____ my house? 5.这就是你旅程的终点吗？ Is this ____ _____ ___ your journey? 6.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是有价值的。 __________ ____ ___ waste or pollute me. I'm valuable. 7.当云冷却下来时，开始下雨了。 ______ the cloud cooled down, it _______ _______. 8.我穿过街道下的管道。 I _________ ________ the pipes under the streets. 9.人们会再清洗我一次。 People will clean me _____ ______ _____. 10.确保我们不浪费或污染水资源是我们现在的责任。 It’s now ____ _____ ___ make sure we don't waste water or pollute it. 四、Grammar 【量词的使用 】 (1) many和much 含义：大量、许多 搭配：many+可数名词复数；much+不可数名词 用法： 1　 两者主要用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中many的频率比much要高一点 I don’t have many friends. I don’t have much money with me. She has lived in Spain for many years. How many children do you have? How much water do you need? 2　 两者经常与as, too, so连用 There are too many mistakes in this essay. Don’t take so many. There was so much traffic that we were an hour late. (2) a few和a little 含义：一些、不多的、少量的 搭配：a few+可数名词复数；a little+不可数名词 I need a few things from the store. Add a little milk to the tea. (3) a lot of 含义：许多 搭配：a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词 用法：肯定句 A lot of people are coming to the meeting. He always puts a lot of sugar in his coffee. (4) enough 含义：足够的 搭配：enough+可数名词复数/不可数名词 We don’t have enough money for a new car. There are enough textbooks for everyone. (5) no 含义：没有 搭配：no+可数名词复数/不可数名词 No student is to leave the room. There were no letters this morning. 语法精练 夯实基础 以练促学 1．—Shall we leave now? —Hurry up! We have ________ time left. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 2．There is ________ milk in the glass. I need to buy some. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 3．Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese. A．a few B．a little C．little D．few 4．My father is very busy. He has ________ work to do every day. A．too many B．too much C．many too D．much too 5．Mary and her two sons went to the park, but ________ of them had a great time because there were too many people and it was too noisy. A．both B．all C．each D．none 6．—Are you free on Wednesday or Thursday? I want to go to the concert hall with you. —________ day is OK. I am always ready for you. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．All 7．There _________ not _________ milk in the glass on the table. A．are; many B．are; much C．is; much D．is; many 8．—Would you like ________ tea? —Yes, please. A．some B．any C．a D．an 9．There isn’t ________ water in the bottle. Could you please get me ________? A．any; some B．some; any C．any; any D．some; some 10．I have a sandwich, a glass of milk, and ________ egg for breakfast. A．some B．a C．any D．an 五、单元写作 地球表面约70%被水覆盖，但是水资源依然紧缺。请你根据以下内容提示写一篇英语短文，说明为什么要节约用水以及如何节约用水。词数70左右，可适当发挥。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 节约用水的原因： 1. 地球上大部分的水是海水，海水里有太多的盐，不能直接饮用； 2. 只有少量的淡水可供饮用。 节约用水的方法： 1. 不用水时，记得不要让水龙头开着； 2. 循环用水，而不是把废水倒掉。 Water is ... （一）写作思路 1. 承接开头：先点明地球虽大面积被水覆盖，但可用水稀缺 2. 阐述节水原因：分两点说明海水无法饮用、淡水资源极少 3. 给出节水办法：两条日常可行的节水措施，简单拓展 4. 结尾升华：呼吁人人行动，珍惜水资源 总词数控制70词左右，逻辑：现状→原因→做法→倡议 （二）写作框架 开头（已给出，不计词数） Water is very important to us. 第一段（讲缺水原因） Although 70% of the Earth is covered with water, most of it is salty sea water which we can’t drink directly. Only a little fresh water is for people to use, so we must save water. 第二段（讲节水方法） We can do small things to save water. First, turn off taps when we don’t use water. Second, reuse waste water instead of pouring it away. 结尾（简短号召） Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s protect water together. （三）高分句型表达 原因类 1. Although nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is quite limited. 虽然地球近70%表面被水覆盖，但淡水资源十分有限。 2. Most water on Earth is sea water with much salt, so it is not fit for drinking. 地球上大部分是含盐量高的海水，不适宜饮用。 3. Only a small amount of fresh water can be used by humans. 仅有少量淡水可供人类使用。 措施类 1. Remember to turn off the tap as soon as we stop using water. 不用水时记得立刻关掉水龙头。 2. It’s wise to reuse waste water rather than pour it away directly. 循环利用废水，而非直接倒掉是很明智的做法。 3. We can make full use of water in our daily life. 我们可以在日常生活中充分利用水资源。 结尾升华句 1. Every drop of water matters, so we should form a good habit of saving water. 每一滴水都很珍贵，我们要养成节水好习惯。 2. If everyone tries to save water, our world will have enough clean water forever. 如果人人节约用水，世界将永远拥有充足干净的水源。 （四）写作展示 Unit 6 Electricity everywhere 电无处不在 一、 重点单词 1.  n. 电池 2.  n. 电；电能 3.  n. 任务；活动 4.  n. 一段时间；一会儿 5.  n. 平板电脑 6.  n. 酸奶 7.  n. 公寓套房 8.  adj. 家庭的 9.  prep. 紧靠；碰 10.  n. 速度；速率 11.  n. 安全；平安 12. n. 用法说明；操作指南 13. v. （使）连接 14.  n. 装备；设备 15.  n. 规则；条例 16.  n. 气候 17.  n. 数量 18.  v. 驱动；推动 19. n. 电视机 20.  n. 地标 21. switch-off （非四会词） 二、 重点短语 1.  有相同的特征 2. 电灯泡 3.  空调机 4. 电子游戏 5.  用完；耗尽 6. 变质 7.  电动汽车 8. 电器 9.  关注；担忧 10. 气候变化 11.  参加；加入 三、 重点句型 1.为什么你认为电对我们很重要？ ______ do you think electricity ___ _________ ___ us? 2.然而，事实证明，没有电我们很难生活。 _________, it turned out that ___ _____ very _____ ___ live ________ ________. 3.比如，我们不得不手洗所有的衣服，这花费了我们很多时间。 For example, we had to wash all our clothes ___ ____,and this ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ time. 4.永远不要用湿手触碰电器。 Never touch electrical appliances _____ _____ ______. 5.我们不能使用破损的电缆。 We _______ ____ any _______ _______. 6.小小的改变可以产生重大影响。 ______ ________ can make a great difference. 7.我们全家觉得这听起来很有趣，所以我们决定一起做。 Our family thought it _______ _________, so we ________ ___ ____ it together. 8.更糟糕的是，没有电，大多数家务变得非常困难。 ______ _______, most household tasks became very difficult without electricity. 9.这是一次非常有趣的经历，但我无法想象在没有电的情况下生活超过几天。 This was ___ _____ _____ ____, but I cannot ____ ___ without electricity for more than a few days. 四、Grammar 【情态动词】 (1) 基本用法 1　 后面跟动词原形 2　 一个实义动词前，不能同时使用一个以上的情态动词 He may can do it. （×） (2) can和could 1　 表示能力 I can climb this cliff. It was so noisy in this restaurant that we couldn’t hear ourselves speak. 2　 表示可能 Smoke can cause cancer. I could do it now, if you like. 3　 表示请求，许可 Can I phone you tomorrow? Could I speak to Mr Davis? (3) may和might 1　 表示可能 He may be in his office. He said he might come tomorrow. 2　 表示请求，许可 May I come in? You may go swimming, but be home by four. (4) must 1　 表示必须 You must take these tablets every day. 2　 mustn’t表示不准、不许 Cars must not be parked around the corner. ★ 回答must的疑问句时不能使用mustn’t，而用don’t have to/needn’t，表示“不必要” —Must I go first? —No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. 3　 must没有过去时态，要表示“过去必须”，可以使用must或者had to He told me that I must sit down. She had to stay here to midnight. 4　 must用于推测，表示“肯定” You must be hungry after so long a journey. 语法精练 夯实基础 以练促学 1、 根据情态动词知识选择正确的选项 1．You _______ cross the road when the light is red. A．must B．have to C．mustn’t D．don’t have to 2．—Can we bring our phones to class? —No, you ________. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．must D．can 3．—Whose English book is this? —It ________ be Lily’s, but I’m not sure. A．might B．can’t C．must D．need 4．People ________ wear helmets when they ride an e-bike according the new traffic rules, or they will be fined. A．would B．can C．may D．must 5．—Whose pencil case is this? —It ________ be Lucy’s, but I’m not sure. She has one of this colour. A．might B．must C．can’t D．shouldn’t 6．You’d better take an umbrella with you. _____ the weather forecast isn’t that accurate (准确的), and there ____ a rain tonight. A．Maybe; may be B．Maybe; maybe C．May be; may be D．May be; maybe 7．—________ I come in? —Sure. Come here and here’s a gift for you. A．Must B．May C．Do D．Should 8．________ you please help me make a flyer for World Wildlife Day? A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need 9．— ________ we bring our phones to class? —No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. A．Must B．May C．Can D．Will 10．— Peter, ________ you play the piano? — No, I can’t, but I can play the guitar. A．should B．can C．must D．need 二、根据句意，用 must, mustn't, may, may not, can 或 can't 填空 1. I ____ speak Chinese very well, but I _____ speak Japanese at all. 2.We ____________ take photos here. Look at the sign “No photos”. 3. —Kate, you have won the English competition! —Oh, it ____ be true. I made a lot of mistakes in it. 4. We ______ wash our hands before meals. It is good for our health. 5. Excuse me, ________ I come in and wait? 五、单元写作 请你以 Electricity-saving tips 为题，写一篇英语短文向大家分享节约用电相关内容，文章需包含以下三部分要点： 1. The reason why we save electricity 节约用电的重要性/原因 2. The ways to save electricity 多条节约用电的具体方法 3. Your opinion 你对于节电的看法与倡议 （一）写作思路 1. 开头：介绍电在生活中的用途，点明电十分重要，引出节约用电的原因。 2. 主体：使用连接词分层列举多条居家节电的具体做法，对应节电方法。 3. 结尾：发表个人感想，强调节电意义并发出倡议，对应个人观点。 （二）写作框架 第一段（引入+节电原因） 开篇句：As we know, electricity plays an important part in our daily life. 内容：写生活中用电场景（照明、看电视、做饭），说明离开电无法生活，因此必须节电。 第二段（节电具体方法，核心段） 总起句：There are lots of easy ways to save electricity at home. 分层列举3个方法，用过渡词串联： 1. To begin with… 离开房间随手关空调、关灯 2. Secondly… 不要长时间敞开冰箱门 3. What’s more… 用LED灯替换传统灯泡 第三段（个人观点+倡议收尾） 总起句：In my opinion, saving electricity is meaningful. 内容：节电虽是小事但作用巨大，呼吁所有人立刻行动起来节约用电。 （三）高分句型 1. We should turn off electrical machines when we don’t use them. 不用电器时，我们应当关掉它们。 2. We shouldn’t leave the fridge door open for a long time. 我们不应该长时间敞开冰箱门。 3. It’s a good idea to use LED lights instead of common light bulbs. 用LED灯代替普通灯泡是个好办法。 4. Remember to shut down the air conditioner before you go out. 出门前记得关掉空调。 5. In my opinion, saving electricity is a small thing but makes a big difference. 在我看来，节电虽小事，却能带来巨大改变。 6. It’s our duty to save electricity to protect our environment. 节约用电、保护环境是我们的责任。 7. Let’s take action right now and save electricity in daily life. 让我们立刻行动，在日常生活中节约用电。 （四）写作展示 Electricity-saving tips 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沪教paiban版七年级下册Unit5-Unit6复习讲义解析版 Unit 5 Water is life 水等于生命 一、重点单词 1. everyday  adj. 每天的 2.  form n. 类型；形态 3. journey n. 旅途 4.  drop n. 滴；水珠 5.  tap n. 水龙头 6.  voice n. 说话声 7.  eventually adv. 最后； 终于 8. return v. 回去；返回 9.  rush v. 迅速移动 10.  bath n. 洗澡；洗浴 11.  salt adj. 含盐的；咸的 12. brain n. 脑 13. fix v. 修理 14.   public adj. 公共的；公开的 15.  population n. 人口 16.  agriculture n. 农业 17.  trade n. 贸易；买卖 18.  industry n. 工业；生产制造 19.  role n. 作用 20.  goods n. 商品；货品 21.  overseas adv. 在国外；向海外 22.  global adj. 全球的；全世界的 23.  income n. 收入；收益 24.   nearly adv. 几乎；差不多 25.  business n. 买卖；生意 26.  throughout prep. 自始至终 27.   duty n. 责任；义务 28. pipe 管道 （非四会词） 29. leisure 空闲 （非四会词） 二、 重点短语 1. a bit 有点儿；稍微 2 . at once 立即；马上 3.  drinking water 饮用水 4. play a role in 在.....起作用 5. steam engine 蒸汽机 6. as a result 作为结果；因此 7. make sure 确保；设法保证 三、 重点句型 1.这张图展示了水循环。 The picture shows the water cycle. 解析：water cycle 水循环；主语为单数，谓语动词用三单形式shows。 2.当她刷牙的时候，她想到了和她的朋友一起去游泳。 When she brushed her teeth, she thought about going swimming with her friends. 解析：when 引导时间状语从句；主句为一般过去时，从句时态保持一致。 3.你知道我来自哪里吗？ Do you know where I come from? 解析：宾语从句用陈述语序。 4.你怎么进我家来的? How did you get into my house? 解析：how 询问方式；get into 进入。 5.这就是你旅程的终点吗？ Is this the end of your journey? 解析：the end of ……的终点。 6.记住不要浪费或污染我。我是有价值的。 Remember not to waste or pollute me. I'm valuable. 解析：固定搭配 remember (not) to do sth. 记得（不）做某事。 7.当云冷却下来时，开始下雨了。 When the cloud cooled down, it started raining. 解析：start doing sth. 开始做某事；时态为一般过去时。 8.我穿过街道下的管道。 I travelled through the pipes under the streets. 解析：travel through 穿过。 9.人们会再清洗我一次。 People will clean me one more time. 解析：one more time 再一次。 10.确保我们不浪费或污染水资源是我们的责任。 It's now our duty to make sure we don't waste water or pollute it. 解析：固定句型 It's one's duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。 四、Grammar 【量词的使用 】 (1) many和much 含义：大量、许多 搭配：many+可数名词复数；much+不可数名词 用法： 1　 两者主要用于否定句和疑问句，肯定句中many的频率比much要高一点 I don’t have many friends. I don’t have much money with me. She has lived in Spain for many years. How many children do you have? How much water do you need? 2　 两者经常与as, too, so连用 There are too many mistakes in this essay. Don’t take so many. There was so much traffic that we were an hour late. (2) a few和a little 含义：一些、不多的、少量的 搭配：a few+可数名词复数；a little+不可数名词 I need a few things from the store. Add a little milk to the tea. (3) a lot of 含义：许多 搭配：a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词 用法：肯定句 A lot of people are coming to the meeting. He always puts a lot of sugar in his coffee. (4) enough 含义：足够的 搭配：enough+可数名词复数/不可数名词 We don’t have enough money for a new car. There are enough textbooks for everyone. (5) no 含义：没有 搭配：no+可数名词复数/不可数名词 No student is to leave the room. There were no letters this morning. 语法精练 夯实基础 以练促学 1．—Shall we leave now? —Hurry up! We have ________ time left. A． little B．a little C．few D．a few 答案：A 解析：time 不可数名词。根据“Hurry up”可知几乎没时间，用little（否定）。 2．There is ________ milk in the glass. I need to buy some. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 答案：C 解析：milk 不可数名词。根据“I need to buy some”可知杯子里几乎没牛奶，用little。 3．Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese. A．a few B．a little C．little D．Few 答案：B 解析：Chinese 为不可数名词。在上海住了五年，会说一点中文，表肯定，用a little。 4．My father is very busy. He has ________ work to do every day. A．too many B．too much C．many too D．much too 答案：B 解析：work 不可数名词。too much + 不可数名词（太多）；too many + 可数名词复数。 5．Mary and her two sons went to the park, but ________ of them had a great time because there were too many people and it was too noisy. A．both B．all C．each D．None 答案：D 解析：三者及以上全部否定用none；both 两者都；all 三者都；each 每一个。 6．—Are you free on Wednesday or Thursday? I want to go to the concert hall with you. —________ day is OK. I am always ready for you. A． Either B．Both C．Neither D．All 答案: A 解析：two days 二选一，either 两者其一；both 两者都；neither 两者都不。 7．There _________ not _________ milk in the glass on the table. A．are; many B．are; much C．is; much D．is; many 答案：C 解析：milk 不可数名词，be动词用is；much修饰不可数名词。 8．—Would you like ________ tea? —Yes, please. A． some B．any C．a D．An 答案：A 解析：表示委婉请求的疑问句中，用some不用any。 9．There isn’t ________ water in the bottle. Could you please get me ________? A．any; some B．some; any C．any; any D．some; some 答案：A 解析：否定句用any；委婉请求希望得到肯定回答，用some。 10．I have a sandwich, a glass of milk, and ________ egg for breakfast. A．some B．a C．any D．An 答案：D 解析：egg 以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。 五、单元写作 地球表面约70%被水覆盖，但是水资源依然紧缺。请你根据以下内容提示写一篇英语短文，说明为什么要节约用水以及如何节约用水。词数70左右，可适当发挥。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 节约用水的原因： 1. 地球上大部分的水是海水，海水里有太多的盐，不能直接饮用； 2. 只有少量的淡水可供饮用。 节约用水的方法： 1. 不用水时，记得不要让水龙头开着； 2. 循环用水，而不是把废水倒掉。 Water is ... （一）写作思路 1. 承接开头：先点明地球虽大面积被水覆盖，但可用水稀缺 2. 阐述节水原因：分两点说明海水无法饮用、淡水资源极少 3. 给出节水办法：两条日常可行的节水措施，简单拓展 4. 结尾升华：呼吁人人行动，珍惜水资源 总词数控制70词左右，逻辑：现状→原因→做法→倡议 （二）写作框架 开头（已给出，不计词数） Water is very important to us. 第一段（讲缺水原因） Although 70% of the Earth is covered with water, most of it is salty sea water which we can’t drink directly. Only a little fresh water is for people to use, so we must save water. 第二段（讲节水方法） We can do small things to save water. First, turn off taps when we don’t use water. Second, reuse waste water instead of pouring it away. 结尾（简短号召） Small actions can make a big difference. Let’s protect water together. （三）高分句型表达 1. Although nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is quite limited. 虽然地球近70%表面被水覆盖，但淡水资源十分有限。 2. Most water on Earth is sea water with much salt, so it is not fit for drinking. 地球上大部分是含盐量高的海水，不适宜饮用。 3. Only a small amount of fresh water can be used by humans. 仅有少量淡水可供人类使用。 1. Remember to turn off the tap as soon as we stop using water. 不用水时记得立刻关掉水龙头。 2. It’s wise to reuse waste water rather than pour it away directly. 循环利用废水，而非直接倒掉是很明智的做法。 3. We can make full use of water in our daily life. 我们可以在日常生活中充分利用水资源。 1. Every drop of water matters, so we should form a good habit of saving water. 每一滴水都很珍贵，我们要养成节水好习惯。 2. If everyone tries to save water, our world will have enough clean water forever. 如果人人节约用水，世界将永远拥有充足干净的水源。 （四）范文展示 Water is very important to us. Although 70% of the Earth is covered with water, most of it is salty sea water and we can’t drink it directly. Only a little fresh water is available for us, so saving water is necessary. We can do simple things to protect water. First, turn off the tap when we don’t use water. Second, reuse waste water instead of pouring it away. Every drop of water is precious. Let’s develop a good habit of saving water together. Unit 6 Electricity everywhere 电无处不在 一、 重点单词 1.  battery n. 电池 2. electricity n. 电；电能 3.  task n. 任务；活动 4.  while n. 一段时间；一会儿 5.  fridge n. 冰箱 6.  yogurt n. 酸奶 7.  apartment n. 公寓套房 8.  household adj. 家庭的 9.  against prep. 紧靠；碰 10.  speed n. 速度；速率 11.  safety n. 安全；平安 12. instruction n. 用法说明；操作指南 13. connect v. （使）连接 14.  device n. 装备；设备 15.  rule n. 规则；条例 16.  climate n. 气候 17.  amount n. 数量 18.  power v. 驱动；推动 19. television set n. 电视机 20.  landmark n. 地标 21. switch-off 关闭的 （非四会词） 二、 重点短语 1.have something in common 有相同的特征 2. light bulb 电灯泡 3. air conditioner 空调机 4. video game 电子游戏 5. run out of 用完；耗尽 6. go bad 变质 7. electrical car 电动汽车 8. electrical appliance 电器 9.  care about 关注；担忧 10. climate change 气候变化 11. join in 参加；加入 三、 重点句型 1.为什么你认为电对我们很重要？ Why do you think electricity is important to us? 解析：be important to sb. 对某人来说很重要。 2.然而，事实证明，没有电我们很难生活。 However, it turned out that it was very hard to live without electricity . 解析：固定句型 it is hard to do sth. 做某事很困难；without 没有。 3.比如，我们不得不手洗所有的衣服，这花费了我们很多时间。 For example, we had to wash all our clothes by hand,and this took us a lot of time. 解析：by hand 手工；it takes sb. some time 花费某人时间，时态为过去式。 4.永远不要用湿手触碰电器。 Never touch electrical appliances with wet hands . 解析：with wet hands 用湿手。 5.我们不能使用破损的电缆。 We can't use any broken cables. 解析：broken 破损的；cable 电缆。 6.小小的改变可以产生重大影响。 Small changes can make a great difference. 解析：make a great difference 产生重大影响。 7.我们全家觉得这听起来很有趣，所以我们决定一起做。 Our family thought it sounded interesting , so we decided to do it together. 解析：sound + 形容词 听起来……；decide to do sth. 决定做某事。 8.更糟糕的是，没有电，大多数家务变得非常困难。 Even worse , most household tasks became very difficult without electricity. 解析：even worse更糟糕的是。 9.这是一次非常有趣的经历，但我无法想象在没有电的情况下生活超过几天。 This was a really interesting experience, but I cannot imagine living without electricity for more than a few days. 解析：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。 四、Grammar 【情态动词】 (1) 基本用法 1　 后面跟动词原形 2　 一个实义动词前，不能同时使用一个以上的情态动词 He may can do it. （×） (2) can和could 1　 表示能力 I can climb this cliff. It was so noisy in this restaurant that we couldn’t hear ourselves speak. 2　 表示可能 Smoke can cause cancer. I could do it now, if you like. 3　 表示请求，许可 Can I phone you tomorrow? Could I speak to Mr Davis? (3) may和might 1　 表示可能 He may be in his office. He said he might come tomorrow. 2　 表示请求，许可 May I come in? You may go swimming, but be home by four. (4) must 1　 表示必须 You must take these tablets every day. 2　 mustn’t表示不准、不许 Cars must not be parked around the corner. ★ 回答must的疑问句时不能使用mustn’t，而用don’t have to/needn’t，表示“不必要” —Must I go first? —No, you needn’t./No, you don’t have to. 3　 must没有过去时态，要表示“过去必须”，可以使用must或者had to He told me that I must sit down. She had to stay here to midnight. 4　 must用于推测，表示“肯定” You must be hungry after so long a journey. 语法精练 夯实基础 以练促学 1、 根据情态动词知识选择正确的选项 1．You _______ cross the road when the light is red. A．must B．have to C．mustn’t D．don’t have to 答案：C 解析：红灯时禁止过马路，mustn't 禁止。 2．—Can we bring our phones to class? —No, you ________. A． can’t B．mustn’t C．must D．Can 答案：A 解析：以Can引导的疑问句，否定回答用can't。 3．—Whose English book is this? —It ________ be Lily’s, but I’m not sure. A． might B．can’t C．must D．Need 答案：A 解析：根据“not sure”可知推测可能性不大，用might。 4．People ________ wear helmets when they ride an e-bike according the new traffic rules, or they will be fined. A．would B．can C．may D．Must 答案：D 解析：交通规则要求必须戴头盔，must 必须。 5．—Whose pencil case is this? —It ________ be Lucy’s, but I’m not sure. She has one of this colour. A． might B．must C．can’t D．shouldn’t 答案：A 解析：不确定是谁的，表推测用might。 6．You’d better take an umbrella with you. _____ the weather forecast isn’t that accurate (准确的), and there ____ a rain tonight. A．Maybe; may be B．Maybe; maybe C．May be; may be D．May be; maybe 答案：A 解析：maybe 副词（也许）；may be 情态动词+be动词，作谓语。 7．—________ I come in? —Sure. Come here and here’s a gift for you. A． Must B．May C．Do D．Should 答案：B 解析：May I come in? 礼貌请求“我可以进来吗？”。 8．________ you please help me make a flyer for World Wildlife Day? A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need 答案：A 解析：Could you please...? 委婉请求，固定句式。 9．— ________ we bring our phones to class? —No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers. A． Must B．May C．Can D．Will 答案：C 解析：根据答句can't，问句用Can提问。 10．— Peter, ________ you play the piano? — No, I can’t, but I can play the guitar. A． should B．can C．must D．Need 答案：B 解析：根据答句can't，问句用Can询问能力。 二、根据句意，用 must, mustn't, may, may not, can 或 can't 填空 1. I can speak Chinese very well, but I can’t speak Japanese at all. 2.We mustn’t take photos here. Look at the sign “No photos”. 3. —Kate, you have won the English competition! —Oh, it can’t be true. I made a lot of mistakes in it. 4. We must wash our hands before meals. It is good for our health. 5. Excuse me, may/can I come in and wait? 五、单元写作 请你以 Electricity-saving tips 为题，写一篇英语短文向大家分享节约用电相关内容，文章需包含以下三部分要点： 1. The reason why we save electricity 节约用电的重要性/原因 2. The ways to save electricity 多条节约用电的具体方法 3. Your opinion 你对于节电的看法与倡议 （一）写作思路 1. 开头：介绍电在生活中的用途，点明电十分重要，引出节约用电的原因。 2. 主体：使用连接词分层列举多条居家节电的具体做法，对应节电方法。 3. 结尾：发表个人感想，强调节电意义并发出倡议，对应个人观点。 （二）写作框架 第一段（引入+节电原因） 开篇句：As we know, electricity plays an important part in our daily life. 内容：写生活中用电场景（照明、看电视、做饭），说明离开电无法生活，因此必须节电。 第二段（节电具体方法，核心段） 总起句：There are lots of easy ways to save electricity at home. 分层列举3个方法，用过渡词串联： 1. To begin with… 离开房间随手关空调、关灯 2. Secondly… 不要长时间敞开冰箱门 3. What’s more… 用LED灯替换传统灯泡 第三段（个人观点+倡议收尾） 总起句：In my opinion, saving electricity is meaningful. 内容：节电虽是小事但作用巨大，呼吁所有人立刻行动起来节约用电。 （三）高分句型 1. We should turn off electrical machines when we don’t use them. 不用电器时，我们应当关掉它们。 2. We shouldn’t leave the fridge door open for a long time. 我们不应该长时间敞开冰箱门。 3. It’s a good idea to use LED lights instead of common light bulbs. 用LED灯代替普通灯泡是个好办法。 4. Remember to shut down the air conditioner before you go out. 出门前记得关掉空调。 5. In my opinion, saving electricity is a small thing but makes a big difference. 在我看来，节电虽小事，却能带来巨大改变。 6. It’s our duty to save electricity to protect our environment. 节约用电、保护环境是我们的责任。 7. Let’s take action right now and save electricity in daily life. 让我们立刻行动，在日常生活中节约用电。 （四）范文展示 Electricity-saving tips As we know, electricity is everywhere in our daily life. We use it for lighting, cooking and watching TV. We can hardly live without electricity, so it's very important for us to save electricity. There are many easy ways to save electricity at home. To begin with, we should turn off the lights and air conditioners when we leave rooms. Secondly, don’t keep the fridge door open for too long. What’s more, we can use LED lights instead of common bulbs. In my opinion, saving electricity is our duty. Small actions can help a lot. Let’s take action and save electricity from now on. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $