暑假作业06 常考点和易错题（巩固培优）七年级英语新教材译林版

**基本信息** 聚焦七年级英语词汇辨析与固定搭配，通过对比表格、语境例句构建系统方法，强化易混点区分与应用能力，提升语言精准运用与逻辑分析素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇辨析|16组易混词（如wear/dress, too/either）|对比法（表格呈现含义/用法差异）、例句实证（语境区分动作/状态等）|按语义功能（如“穿”“也”“花费”）分类，通过关键特征（主语/宾语/搭配）构建辨析框架| |固定搭配|16个核心短语（如be good at, It's+adj.+to do）|结构归纳（公式化呈现句型）、拓展迁移（同义/反义短语对比）|按语法功能（动词短语/句型结构）组织，从基础用法到变式应用形成递进链条|

完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业06 常考点和易错题（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级英语学习过程中，易错点不仅包括语法，词汇也是一个非常重要的方面。词汇的考察范围相对较广，主要可以分为三个方面：词汇辨析、短语的固定搭配的考察。 词汇辨析是考试中的重点内容，主要考查学生对近义词、同义词以及易混淆词汇的准确理解和区分能力，这需要考生具备扎实的词汇基础和细致的语义分析能力。 短语的固定搭配则侧重于考查学生对常用短语、习惯用法以及固定表达的掌握程度，这些搭配往往不能简单地从字面意思推断，而是需要长期积累和记忆。 词汇辨析 1、wear,dress,put on与（be） in wear 穿，戴 强调状态，指穿着衣服、鞋、袜或戴着手套、眼镜等。 dress （给……）穿衣服 指给自己或他人穿衣服，宾语是oneself或sb. 。 put on 穿上，戴上 强调动作，指把衣服、鞋、袜穿上或把帽子、手套等戴上。 （be）in 穿着，戴着 强调状态，后接衣物或颜色。 例句： ①She always wears a red skirt to school. --- 体现“穿红裙”这一持续的状态。 ②The little girl can dress herself now. --- “dress herself” 对应 “给自己穿衣”。 ③It’s cold outside. Put on your coat quickly! --- 聚焦“穿外套”这个瞬间动作。 ④The boy in blue is my classmate Tom. --- 已有谓语动词的情况下，“in blue” 表“穿着蓝色衣物”，描述状态。 2、the other,the others,others,other 与 another the other 另一个 特指两者中的另一个，常与 one 连用，构成“one…the other…(一个……另一个……)”结构。也可用于“the other+可数名词复数”结构，表示一定范围内除去提到的以外，剩下的所有人或物。 the others 其余 指一定范围内除去提到的以外，剩下的所有人或物，相当于“the other+可数名词复数”。some…the others…“一些……其余……”。 others 另一些 作代词，相当于“other+可数名词复数”，表示“其他的人或物”，但不指剩下的全部人或物。some…others…“一些……另一些……”。 other 其他的 作形容词，用于泛指其他的人或物时，其后常接可数名词复数。 another 另一，又一 既可作限定词又可作代词，用于指三者或三者以上中的另一个；作限定词时后常接可数名词单数。 例句： ①I have two pens. One is black, and the other is blue.---“one…the other…” 结构，特指“两者中的另一个”。 ②In our group, some like reading, and the others like playing basketball.---“the others” 指代“小组内除‘喜欢阅读’外，剩余的所有成员”。 ③Some people enjoy swimming, while others prefer running.---“others” 泛指“除‘喜欢游泳’外，其他的一部分人”（非全部）。 ④Do you have any other questions about this math problem?---“other + 可数名词复数（questions）”，表“额外的、其他的”。 3、too，either，also 与 as well 四者都有“也”的意思，区别如下： too 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前加不加逗号均可。 either 常用于否定句句末，其前加不加逗号均可，但不加的情况居多。 also 常用于肯定句句中，一般放在连系动词/情态动词/助动词之后，实义动词之前。 as well 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前不用逗号。 例句： ①I like playing basketball, and my brother likes it too.---肯定句句末，强调和前者动作一致。 ②I don’t like coffee, and she doesn’t like it either.---否定句句末，强调和前者否定的动作一致。 ③She is a teacher, and she also writes stories in her free time.---“also”放在系动词后、实义动词 “writes” 前。 ④I enjoy reading books, and I like listening to music as well.---肯定句句末，无逗号，语气更简洁。 4、borrow与lend borrow 借，借用 表示主语从别人处“借入”东西供自己使用。borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend 借给，借出 表示主语把东西“借给”别人使用。lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 例句： ①I often borrow books from the school library.---体现“我从图书馆借入书籍”的动作方向。 ②My friend lent his bike to me yesterday.--- 体现“朋友把自行车借出给我”的动作方向，“lent”是“lend” 的过去式。 5、a little,little,a few 与 few 四者均可修饰名词,区别如下: a little 表示肯定含义,意为“一些;少量的”。 修饰不可数名词 little 表示否定含义,意为“少得几乎没有”。 a few 表示肯定含义,意为“几个;一些”。 修饰可数名词复数 few 表示否定含义,意为“几乎没有”。 例句： ①There is a little milk in the glass. You can drink it.--“milk”是不可数名词，“a little” 表示“有少量但足够用”，体现肯定语气。 ②He has little money, so he can’t buy the new bike.---“money”是不可数名词，“little”表示“钱少到不够买自行车”，体现否定语气。 ③I have a few friends in this school. We often play together.---“friends”是可数名词复数，“a few”表示“有一定数量的朋友（能一起玩）”，体现肯定语气。 ④Few students were late for class this morning because the weather was good.---“students” 是可数名词复数，“few”表示“迟到的学生数量极少（接近没有）”，体现否定语气。 6、too much,too many 与 much too 的辨析： too much 太多 修饰不可数名词,还可修饰动词,作状语 too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 例句： ①There is too much homework today. I can't finish it before 9 p.m.---“homework” 是不可数名词，“too much” 修饰它，强调“作业量超出预期”。 ②There are too many people in the supermarket. It's crowded.---“people” 是可数名词复数（集合名词），“too many” 修饰它，强调“人数超出承载量”。 ③The soup is much too hot. Wait a minute before drinking it.---“hot” 是形容词，“much too” 修饰它，强调“烫的程度很高”。 7、be made of 由……制成 be made of,be made from,be made in 与 be made by be made of 意为“由……制成”，通常指通过制成品. 可以看出原材料。 be made from 表示“由……制成”，通常指通过制成品看不出原材料。 be made in 意为“在 (某地) 制造”，后面接地点名词。 be made by 意为“被……制造”，后接制造者。 例句： ①The desk is made of wood. You can see the wood grain clearly.---桌子的原材料“wood（木头）”肉眼可见，属于物理加工（如切割、拼接）。 ②Paper is made from wood. We can’t see the original wood in the paper.---纸张经过化学加工（如制浆、漂白），原材料“wood”的形态已改变，无法直接识别。 ③This toy car is made in China. It’s very popular around the world.---“in + 地点（China）” 说明产品的生产地。 ④This beautiful painting was made by a famous artist.---“by + 制造者（a famous artist）” 强调作品的创作者。 8、 辨析 cost,pay,spend 与 take (过去式分别为:cost,paid,spent与took) 四者均有“花费”的意思，具体区别如下： 例词 主语 宾语 常用结构 cost 物 金钱 sth. costs( sb. ) some money 某物花费 (某人) 多少钱 pay 人 金钱 sb. pays some money for sth. 某人为某物付多少钱 sb. pays for sth. 某人为某物付款 spend 人 时间/金钱 sb. spends some time/ money on sth.某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱 sb. spends some time/ money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 take 常用 it 时间 it takes ( sb. ) some time to do sth.做某事花费 (某人) 多长时间 例句： ①The new bike costs me 500 yuan. It’s really cool!---“bike（物）”作主语，“500 yuan（金钱）”作宾语，体现“某物花费某人多少钱”。 ②I paid 30 yuan for this notebook. It’s very useful.---“I（人）”作主语，“30 yuan（金钱）+ for this notebook（事物）”体现“某人为某物付钱”。 ③My mother spent 200 yuan buying a new dress yesterday.---“My mother（人）”作主语，“200 yuan（金钱）+ buying a new dress（动名词短语）”体现“某人花钱做某事”。 ④It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school every morning.---“It（形式主语）”代替“to walk to school（真正主语）”，“15 minutes（时间）”作宾语，体现“做某事花费多长时间”。 9、 happen 发生（指偶然、意外地发生，主语通常是事件或事故。） happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。 如：你发生什么事了？What happened to you? 考点拓展： happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”，相当于“It happens+that 从句.”。 如：那天我碰巧没带钱。 I happened to have no money with me that day.=It happened that I had no money with me that day. 辨析take place：指有计划，事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动，活动，会议等”的名词。还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性 如：The Olympic Games take place every four years.---奥运会是经过筹备和计划的活动，不能用 happen。 10、find out,find 与 look for find out 明， 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 find 找到； 发现 强调找的结果， 多指偶然发现或碰到。 look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找， 强调找的过程。 例句： ①I need to find out the answer to this math problem. Can you help me?---“find out”强调通过思考、请教等方式“弄明白答案”，侧重获取知识类信息。 ②I found my lost key under the sofa this morning.---“found”是 “find”的过去式，强调“找到钥匙”这个结果（之前可能找了很久）。 ③I’m looking for my English book. Have you seen it?---“looking for”是现在进行时，强调“找书”这个正在进行的动作/过程（还没找到）。 11、sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”，也可做名词“睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的，疲倦的，瞌睡的”，做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”，既可做表语，也可做定语。 例句： ①I usually sleep for eight hours every night.---“sleep”作谓语动词，“for eight hours”体现睡眠时长。 ②A good sleep can help you study better tomorrow.---“sleep”作名词，被形容词“good”修饰，指“睡眠质量”。 ③I feel very sleepy after lunch. I want to take a nap.---“sleepy”作表语，描述主语“I”的主观感受（因午饭而疲倦、想睡）。 ④Be quiet! The sleeping baby will wake up soon.---“sleeping”作定语，修饰“baby”，强调宝宝“正在睡着”的客观状态。 12、cross,across,through,over ①cross是动词“(从表面)穿过，越过，渡过”,可直接接宾语。 如：They crossed the road.他们穿过了马路。 ②across指从这边到那边“通过，横过”,含义与on有关，动词walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross,常和street,bridge,river等连用。 如：We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。 ③through“穿过，通过”,强调从内部“穿过”,含义与in有关，如：穿过森林、城市、窗户等。 如：The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。 ④over越过….指从上方跨过。 如：The girl can't jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。 13、lonely与alone lonely ①形容词“荒凉的；偏僻的”,只用于名词前作定语。 ②“孤独的；寂寞的”,指情感上的孤独，带有伤感的色彩。 alone ①形容词“独处的；独自的”,常用作表语。 ②副词“独自；单独”,相当于by oneself。强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩。 如：She lives alone, but she doesn't feel lonely.— 经典考题：虽然客观上是一个人（alone），但主观上不寂寞。 14、辨析sound,noise与voice sound泛指自然界的各种声音，如：Light travels faster than sound.— 物理常识，泛指声音。 noise多指不悦耳的“噪声，喧闹声”等，如：Please don't make so much noise; the baby is sleeping.— 强调干扰性的声音。 voice指人的声音，如嗓音、说话声、歌唱声，如：He spoke in a low voice so that he wouldn't wake anyone up.— 特指人说话的声音。 15、辨析sound，listen与hear 易混词 词性 含义 用法 sound 系动词 “听起来” sound+adj. sound like+n./pron. listen 不及物动词 “听；倾听”(侧重听的动作) listen to+sb./sth. hear 感官动词 “听到；听见”(强调听的结果) hear sb.do sth.“听见某人做了某事” hear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事” 例句： ①That idea sounds great! Let's do it.---sound后直接加形容词great，表示主语的特征。 ②Please listen carefully to the teacher.---强调“认真听”这个动作，且接了宾语the teacher，所以用了listen to。 ③Can you hear me? I'm speaking loudly!---强调听到的结果。 ④I often hear him sing in the morning. (= hear sb. do sth.)---强调经常发生的动作或全过程。 ⑤When I passed his room, I heard him singing. (= hear sb. doing sth.)---强调路过那一瞬间，动作正在进行中。 16、辨析see,look,watch与read 易混词 含义 固定搭配 see 看见(强调结果)；观看 see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事；see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事 look 看(强调动作)；看起来 look at 看……；look like 看起来像…… watch 注视；观看(比赛、电视) watch TV 看电视；watch a game/match 观看比赛 read 读；阅读 read books/magazines 看书/杂志；read a newspaper 看报纸 例句： ①I can see a bird in the tree.—— 强调视觉的结果。 ②Look! There is a bus coming.—— 单独使用，提醒别人注意。 ③We usually watch TV after dinner.—— 固定搭配 watch TV。 ④She likes reading books in the library.—— read books。 固定搭配 1、be good at 擅长... 其中at和in为介词，后跟名词、代词或动词—ing形式作宾语。 如：Dr.Yuan Longping was good at English.袁隆平博士擅长英语。 Lucy is good at playing the violin.露西擅长拉小提琴。 拓展： 同义短语：do well in反义短语：be weak in/be bad at不擅长 如：Are you good at Chinese?=Do you do well in Chinese?你擅长汉语吗? She is weak in/is bad at cooking.她不擅长做饭。 2、be ready to do sth.愿意(或准备好)做某事 ①愿意做某事 相当于be glad/willing to do sth. 如：He's always ready to help people in need.他总是乐意帮助需要帮助的人。 ②准备好做某事 相当于get ready to do sth.。 如：We are ready to go out.我们准备好动身了。 3、help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 如：Many people enjoy helping others solve problems.许多人喜欢帮助他人解决问题。 ①help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人有时可与help sb.(to) do sth.进行同义转换。 如：Mary often helps me with my homework at weekends.=Mary often helps me(to)do my homework at weekends. 玛丽经常在周末帮助我做家庭作业。 ②help(to)do sth.帮助做某事 如：Can you help clean the room?你能帮忙打扫房间吗? 4、one of…之一 ①one of后接可数名词复数或人称代词复数的宾格形式。 ②one of…作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ③one of后接名词复数时，名词前通常要加 the、形容词性物主代词等限定词。 如：One of my classmates is from Australia.我的一个同班同学来自澳大利亚。 One of the books is from my father.这些书中有一本是爸爸送我的。 5、in this way用这种方法 如：In this way, you can know each other much better.用这种方法，你们就能更好地了解彼此。 与way 相关的其他短语： lose one's way迷路；in one's/the way 妨碍，挡着……的路； by the way 顺便说一下；in some ways在某种程度上 6、It's+adj.+to do sth.做某事是……的。其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式(短语)。 如：It is hard to solve this problem.解决这个问题很困难。 It is important to keep your mind and body healthy.保持身心健康很重要。 拓展： 在该结构中，有时在to do sth.前加上for/of sb.,sb.是动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语。 其用法如下： ①It is +adj.+for sb.to do sth.描述的是事物的特征。这类形容词有different、easy、hard、important、possible、dangerous、necessary(必要的)等，表示对某人来说，做某事是……的。 如：It is important for us to learn English well.---“important（重要的）”是评价“学英语”这件事的特征，而不是评价“我们”这个人的性格。 ②It is +adj.+of sb.to do sth.描述的是人的性格、品质特征。这类形容词有kind、good、nice、polite、clever、careless、wise(明智的)、wrong、silly(愚蠢的)等。表示某人做某事是……的。 如：It is very kind of you to help me with my math.---“kind（善良的/好心的）”是在夸奖“你”这个人的品质。我们可以说 "You are kind"。 7、enjoy oneself 玩得痛快，得到乐趣 同义短语有have a good/great/wonderful time、have fun等。 We enjoyed ourselves(=had fun=had a good/great/wonderful time) at the party yesterday. 备注： enjoy oneself doing sth. 如：My sister enjoys herself reading books in the library.---reading 是现在分词作伴随状语或补语，说明是在“看书”这件事上感到快乐。 8、try one's best 尽某人最大努力，竭尽全力，相当于do one's best。 try/do one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事 如：I know it's hard, but I will try my best.我知道这很困难，但我会尽我最大努力。 含 try的其他短语： try doing sth.尝试做某事；try on 试穿；try to do sth.尽力做某事；try out for 参加……选拔(或试演) 9、need需要 ①need sth.需要某物，如：We need your help.我们需要你的帮助。 ②need to do sth.需要做某事，如：I need to exercise every morning.我每天早上需要锻炼。 ③need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事，如：I need her to help me.我需要她来帮助我。 ④sth.need(s)doing某事需要被做，如：The classroom needs cleaning.教室需要被打扫。 拓展： ①[情态动词]需要 后接动词原形，常用于否定句或疑问句中。 如：You needn't go now.你现在不需要去。 ②由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't/doesn't have to. 如：——Must I do it now?我必须现在做这件事吗?——No,you needn't.不，你不需要。 ③需要的事物；需要 in need在贫困中，在困难中 10、remember还可意为“记着；记起，记得” 后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词—ing作宾语。 ①remember to do sth.“记着要做某事”，如：Remember to turn off the light next time.强调事情还未做。 ②remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”,如：I remembered turning off the light.强调事情已经做过了。 11、get over 解决；克服 如：She can't get over her shyness.她无法克服羞怯心理。 拓展与get相关的其他短语： get up起床；get on上车；get off下车；get lost迷路；get out 出去；泄露；get along with与……和睦相处 12、fill动词，意为“(使)充满；装满” fill...with... 表示“用……装满……”,其主语通常是人，被动语态为be filled with。 如：Your fascinating speech is filled with positive energy. 备注： be full of 充满…的，相当于be filled with。 如：The glass is full of honey.=The glass is filled with honey. 13、too ...to太……而不能 如：This soup is too salty to eat.这汤太咸了，不能喝。 拓展： too...to... 结构可以和so/such...that...(如此…以至于…)以及not...enough to do sth.(不够…而不能做某事)进行同义转换。 如：他年纪太小，不能独自一人去上学。 He is too young to go to school on his own. =He is so young that he can't go to school on his own. =He is not old enough to go to school on his own 【特别提醒】 too...to... 结构中，too前有否定词(如never)时，表达肯定意义。 如：It's never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。 14、on one's own独自；独立地 辨析on one's own独自与of one's own属于某人自己的 如：She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。 I have a bedroom of my own,but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室，但是它不大 15、There is nothing to do but..除了……没事可做，but后动词要用原形 如;There was nothing to do but watch news on TV.除了在电视上看新闻没事可做。 There is nothing to say but keep silent.没有什么可说的，只有保持沉默。 16、enough的用法 ①enough + 名词 （修饰名词时，放在前面），足够的…… 如:We don't have enough time to finish the work.---enough 修饰名词 time，放在前面。 ②形容词 / 副词 + enough （修饰形容词或副词时，放在后面）, 足够……的 / 足够……地 如：The boy is old enough to go to school.---enough 修饰形容词 old，放在后面。 拓展：adj. + enough + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说）足够……去做某事 如：The water is warm enough for us to swim.---warm (形容词) + enough + for us + to swim (不定式)。 一、单项选择 1、My mother often ______ a red dress on weekends. She looks very young. A. puts on B. wears C. dresses D. in 2、Don't worry. There is still ______ time left. We can wait for Tom. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 3、The boy is ______ young ______ go to school alone. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 4、This kind of paper ______ wood. A. is made of B. is made from C. is made in D. is made by 5、I can't hear you clearly. Please speak in a louder ______. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. shout 6、My sister is good ______ playing the piano. She practices every day. A. at B. for C. with D. in 7、If you work hard, you will ______ your dream one day. A. look for B. find out C. achieve D. wait for 8、It's very kind ______ you to help me with my English. A. for B. of C. to D. with 9、The little girl can't ______ herself. She needs her mother's help. A. wear B. put on C. dress D. have 10、I ______ my keys this morning. I looked for them everywhere. A. found B. looked for C. found out D. forgot 二、用单词的正确形式填空 11、It's very important for us ____________ (learn) English well. 12、The girl enjoys ____________ (her) playing games with friends. 13、One of my ____________ (classmate) comes from the UK. 14、Look! The children ____________ (swim) across the river. 15、He tried his best ____________ (finish) the work on time. 16、The question is ____________ (easy) enough for me ____________ (answer). 17、Don't forget ____________ (turn) off the lights when you leave. 18、The boy was ____________ (make) ____________ (clean) the classroom by the teacher. 19、There is nothing ____________ (do) but ____________ (wait). 20、The soup tastes terrible. It is much too ____________ (salt). 三、句型转换 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 21、The girl is too short. She can't reach the apple on the tree. (合并为一句) The girl is ______ short ______ ______ the apple on the tree. 22、"I will go to the library," Tom said to me. (改为间接引语) Tom told me that ______ ______ go to the library. 23、It took me two hours to finish this report. (改为同义句) I ______ two hours ______ this report. 24、The coat costs me 200 yuan. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ does the coat ______ you? 25、We can see the wood grain in the table. (改为被动语态) The wood grain can ______ ______ in the table. 四、根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其正确形式填空。 A. lonely B. noise C. through D. happen E. borrow F. spend G. find out H. look for I. another J. other Last weekend, I went to the city library. I wanted to 26 ______ some books about history. In the reading room, I met my friend Peter. He was 27 ______ a book about animals. He told me he 28______ two hours reading there every Saturday. Suddenly, a loud bell broke the silence. It was from a phone. The librarian came quickly and said, "Please keep quiet. Don't make so much 29 ______." We didn't know what30 ______ outside. After a while, everything was OK again. We decided to stay there until we 31______ the answers to our questions. 1、 完形填空 It’s a sunny September morning. Bobbie, Peter, and Phyllis walked 1 the railway near their home. The 2 sun made everything look warm and golden. Bobbie was placing small white stones on the ground to spell “HELLO” for the passing 3 drivers to see—something she often did for fun. “Look! There’s smoke coming from that old red building!” Phyllis suddenly 4 . Peter, always the bravest, moved closer carefully and pushed the door 5 . Inside, they saw something that made their hearts beat fast—a man was 6 on the dirty floor, his left wrist (手腕) locked with a rope to a big iron pipe (管子)! His face was dirty with black marks like coal dust, and his shirt showed a bleeding cut on his arm. “Water…please…” the man said 7 . Though he looked poor and tired, Bobbie 8 he spoke like a well-educated man. Quickly, she 9 him their water bottle while Phyllis used a piece of cloth to tie around his wounded arm. “My name…is Jim,” the man said. “They stole my important papers…I need to 10 the 11:15 train to London…” Just then, the loud whistle (呼啸声) of a coming train made Peter rush to close the door so nobody outside would hear them. When Mother arrived with the village policeman later that evening, the building was empty. The broken rope 11 on the floor like a dead snake, and the only signs left 12 footprints. But Bobbie noticed something shiny in the dirt, a gold button with a special design. That night, Bobbie heard the familiar whistle of the 11:15 train 13 by. But tonight it 14 different — two short calls instead of one. The train’s yellow lights went 15 the darkness like fireflies (萤火虫) running along the railway. —Taken from The Railway Children 1．A．across B．along C．over D．into 2．A．winter B．summer C．autumn D．spring 3．A．car B．train C．bus D．bike 4．A．said B．sang C．shouted D．whispered 5．A．close B．shut C．lock D．open 6．A．sitting B．standing C．sleeping D．running 7．A．weakly B．loudly C．excitedly D．happily 8．A．looked B．noticed C．hoped D．wondered 9．A．took B．gave C．brought D．showed 10．A．miss B．get C．catch D．leave 11．A．stood B．fell C．stayed D．lay 12．A．is B．are C．was D．were 13．A．coming B．showing C．passing D．leaving 14．A．felt B．looked C．sounded D．seemed 15．A．through B．inside C．beyond D．around 2、 阅读理解 ①The loong is often the main character in Chinese celebrations. Loong dances have been recorded at traditional celebrations since the Han Dynasty, while fire loong dances began appearing in records during the Qing Dynasty. Some historians say fire loong dances date back to the Ming Dynasty. Today, fire loong dances can be seen all over China as part of the Spring Festival celebrations. ②In Hunan Province, the Xiangxi Steel Fire Loong takes place every year during the Lantern Festival. It is popular thanks to the local people who tirelessly introduce it online. Fireworks shoot out from many bamboo pipes placed on each side of the dance route and loong dancers face the sparks (火花) bravely. Some of the dances end by running the loong into a river; others aren’t over until the loong is completely burnt out. ③In Sichuan Province, Huanglongxi Ancient Town hosts its fire loong dance on the first five days and the 15th day of the first lunar month. Instead of fireworks, molten iron (铁水熔岩) is thrown into the air. As the lava cools and sends sparks into the air, the loong “follows” a lantern, creating an amazing show. ④In Guizhou Province, the Dafang County Fire Loong Dance falls on the ninth day of the first lunar month every year. Instead of lighting the loong on fire, it has a colorful lantern that has an artistic design and is lit from within. Fireworks are laid on the ground to create a shiny performance around the dance route as dancers move around the town with their loong. ⑤These different fire loong dances are necessary to Chinese culture. If you have time, you must see them yourself. It is well worth a try! 16．When did fire loong dances start appearing in records? A．In the Qing Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty. C．In the Han Dynasty. D．In the Yuan Dynasty. 17．How does the Xiangxi Steel Fire Loong become popular? A．The government provides much money. B．Local people celebrate it every month. C．Local people introduce it on the Internet. D．Some famous magazines introduce it. 18．What makes the Dafang County Fire Loong Dance different from the others? A．The clothes of the dancers. B．The way of lighting the loong. C．The use of many fireworks. D．The light of the local lanterns. 19．What is the structure of this passage?(①＝Paragraph 1, ②＝Paragraph 2…) A．B．C． D． 3、 任务型阅读 The Nile crocodile (鳄) lives in and near African rivers. It is a very large animal. It can grow up to 6 meters long. Its body is green and brown and it has got a very big mouth. Most of the Nile crocodiles can live to be about 70 years old in the wild. Some can even live up to 100 years. The Nile crocodiles spend most of the day on the bank of the river in the sun without moving. At night, they go back into the water to find food. They are excellent swimmers. They can swim as fast as 30 km/h and they can stay up to 30 minutes under water. As meat eaters, the Nile crocodiles eat birds, fish and other crocodiles and so on. Sometimes they even eat people. A person washing clothes by the river might just look like a delicious meal for them. Hundreds of people die because of them each year. Now the Nile crocodiles are in danger. Do you know why? First, people kill them for their skin(皮肤) to make things like shoes and handbags. Second, people catch them for food or medicine. And sometimes they die because they hurt people. Last but not least, some people destroy (破坏) their home so the Nile crocodiles don’t have enough space to live. 每题答案不超过10个单词 20．What color is the Nile crocodiles? 21．How long can most of the Nile crocodiles live? 22．Where does the Nile crocodiles like to stay during the day time? 23．What do the Nile crocodiles like to eat? 24．What can we do to protect the Nile crocodiles? 4、 短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Chen Xiaoyu is a student. She is a member of her school’s “Digital Intangible Heritage team (数字非遗队)”. Their new goal is to p 25 the art of making Jiangnan silk lanterns, which is slowly disappearing. The biggest challenge (挑战) for Xiaoyu was with Master Wang, an 82-year-old lantern a 26 . He couldn’t teach the detailed techniques of making lanterns because of his shaky (颤抖的) hands. So Xiaoyu decided to use AI to record and analyze (分析) his hand movements. Every weekend, she filmed Master Wang’s hands when he colored s 27 and bent (弯折) bamboo. The AI program turned his work into 368 short videos. Master Wang was very happy w 28 their first digital guidebook was finished. “I never thought teenagers would use technology (技术) to remember w 29 my old hands forget,” he said. The t 30 big moment came at the Qiantang River Lantern Festival. V 31 could wear AR glasses to experience Master Wang’s “digital hands”. A deaf girl was very excited and she said, “Now I can learn how to make lanterns w 32 being afraid of my hearing problem!” So far, their o 33 lessons have attracted 50,000 people from all over the world. Fans have shared lantern photos on Xiaohongshu App and gotten lots of likes. Xiaoyu is busy at school, but she s 34 practices making lanterns in her free time. “AI won’t take the place of humans,” she tells her friends. “It’s like a magic bridge that connects the past and the present.” 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次） enjoy Beijing opera;    of one’s own;    visit;    worry about;    row boats; do some shopping;    recommend as;    for help;     warm;    five 1．The children always have great fun on the lake. 2．Mr Brown lives on the floor in that building. 3．We at one of the local theatres tomorrow, won’t we? 4．Orange is a warm colour and creates a feeling of . 5．Whenever you have trouble fixing the laptop, go and ask the engineers . 6．Lily often for the old with other volunteers. 7．Who would you like a star student in your class? 8．Many families in our town have cars . 9．The Greens their health problems these days. 10．With a long history of 1000 years, the palace is well worth . 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 完成时间： 月 日 今日打卡：☐ 已完成 用时： min 自评勋章： 暑假作业06 常考点和易错题（巩固培优）（解析版） 在七年级英语学习过程中，易错点不仅包括语法，词汇也是一个非常重要的方面。词汇的考察范围相对较广，主要可以分为三个方面：词汇辨析、短语的固定搭配的考察。 词汇辨析是考试中的重点内容，主要考查学生对近义词、同义词以及易混淆词汇的准确理解和区分能力，这需要考生具备扎实的词汇基础和细致的语义分析能力。 短语的固定搭配则侧重于考查学生对常用短语、习惯用法以及固定表达的掌握程度，这些搭配往往不能简单地从字面意思推断，而是需要长期积累和记忆。 词汇辨析 1、wear,dress,put on与（be） in wear 穿，戴 强调状态，指穿着衣服、鞋、袜或戴着手套、眼镜等。 dress （给……）穿衣服 指给自己或他人穿衣服，宾语是oneself或sb. 。 put on 穿上，戴上 强调动作，指把衣服、鞋、袜穿上或把帽子、手套等戴上。 （be）in 穿着，戴着 强调状态，后接衣物或颜色。 例句： ①She always wears a red skirt to school. --- 体现“穿红裙”这一持续的状态。 ②The little girl can dress herself now. --- “dress herself” 对应 “给自己穿衣”。 ③It’s cold outside. Put on your coat quickly! --- 聚焦“穿外套”这个瞬间动作。 ④The boy in blue is my classmate Tom. --- 已有谓语动词的情况下，“in blue” 表“穿着蓝色衣物”，描述状态。 2、the other,the others,others,other 与 another the other 另一个 特指两者中的另一个，常与 one 连用，构成“one…the other…(一个……另一个……)”结构。也可用于“the other+可数名词复数”结构，表示一定范围内除去提到的以外，剩下的所有人或物。 the others 其余 指一定范围内除去提到的以外，剩下的所有人或物，相当于“the other+可数名词复数”。some…the others…“一些……其余……”。 others 另一些 作代词，相当于“other+可数名词复数”，表示“其他的人或物”，但不指剩下的全部人或物。some…others…“一些……另一些……”。 other 其他的 作形容词，用于泛指其他的人或物时，其后常接可数名词复数。 another 另一，又一 既可作限定词又可作代词，用于指三者或三者以上中的另一个；作限定词时后常接可数名词单数。 例句： ①I have two pens. One is black, and the other is blue.---“one…the other…” 结构，特指“两者中的另一个”。 ②In our group, some like reading, and the others like playing basketball.---“the others” 指代“小组内除‘喜欢阅读’外，剩余的所有成员”。 ③Some people enjoy swimming, while others prefer running.---“others” 泛指“除‘喜欢游泳’外，其他的一部分人”（非全部）。 ④Do you have any other questions about this math problem?---“other + 可数名词复数（questions）”，表“额外的、其他的”。 3、too，either，also 与 as well 四者都有“也”的意思，区别如下： too 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前加不加逗号均可。 either 常用于否定句句末，其前加不加逗号均可，但不加的情况居多。 also 常用于肯定句句中，一般放在连系动词/情态动词/助动词之后，实义动词之前。 as well 常用于肯定句或疑问句的句末，其前不用逗号。 例句： ①I like playing basketball, and my brother likes it too.---肯定句句末，强调和前者动作一致。 ②I don’t like coffee, and she doesn’t like it either.---否定句句末，强调和前者否定的动作一致。 ③She is a teacher, and she also writes stories in her free time.---“also”放在系动词后、实义动词 “writes” 前。 ④I enjoy reading books, and I like listening to music as well.---肯定句句末，无逗号，语气更简洁。 4、borrow与lend borrow 借，借用 表示主语从别人处“借入”东西供自己使用。borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend 借给，借出 表示主语把东西“借给”别人使用。lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 例句： ①I often borrow books from the school library.---体现“我从图书馆借入书籍”的动作方向。 ②My friend lent his bike to me yesterday.--- 体现“朋友把自行车借出给我”的动作方向，“lent”是“lend” 的过去式。 5、a little,little,a few 与 few 四者均可修饰名词,区别如下: a little 表示肯定含义,意为“一些;少量的”。 修饰不可数名词 little 表示否定含义,意为“少得几乎没有”。 a few 表示肯定含义,意为“几个;一些”。 修饰可数名词复数 few 表示否定含义,意为“几乎没有”。 例句： ①There is a little milk in the glass. You can drink it.--“milk”是不可数名词，“a little” 表示“有少量但足够用”，体现肯定语气。 ②He has little money, so he can’t buy the new bike.---“money”是不可数名词，“little”表示“钱少到不够买自行车”，体现否定语气。 ③I have a few friends in this school. We often play together.---“friends”是可数名词复数，“a few”表示“有一定数量的朋友（能一起玩）”，体现肯定语气。 ④Few students were late for class this morning because the weather was good.---“students” 是可数名词复数，“few”表示“迟到的学生数量极少（接近没有）”，体现否定语气。 6、too much,too many 与 much too 的辨析： too much 太多 修饰不可数名词,还可修饰动词,作状语 too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 例句： ①There is too much homework today. I can't finish it before 9 p.m.---“homework” 是不可数名词，“too much” 修饰它，强调“作业量超出预期”。 ②There are too many people in the supermarket. It's crowded.---“people” 是可数名词复数（集合名词），“too many” 修饰它，强调“人数超出承载量”。 ③The soup is much too hot. Wait a minute before drinking it.---“hot” 是形容词，“much too” 修饰它，强调“烫的程度很高”。 7、be made of 由……制成 be made of,be made from,be made in 与 be made by be made of 意为“由……制成”，通常指通过制成品. 可以看出原材料。 be made from 表示“由……制成”，通常指通过制成品看不出原材料。 be made in 意为“在 (某地) 制造”，后面接地点名词。 be made by 意为“被……制造”，后接制造者。 例句： ①The desk is made of wood. You can see the wood grain clearly.---桌子的原材料“wood（木头）”肉眼可见，属于物理加工（如切割、拼接）。 ②Paper is made from wood. We can’t see the original wood in the paper.---纸张经过化学加工（如制浆、漂白），原材料“wood”的形态已改变，无法直接识别。 ③This toy car is made in China. It’s very popular around the world.---“in + 地点（China）” 说明产品的生产地。 ④This beautiful painting was made by a famous artist.---“by + 制造者（a famous artist）” 强调作品的创作者。 8、 辨析 cost,pay,spend 与 take (过去式分别为:cost,paid,spent与took) 四者均有“花费”的意思，具体区别如下： 例词 主语 宾语 常用结构 cost 物 金钱 sth. costs( sb. ) some money 某物花费 (某人) 多少钱 pay 人 金钱 sb. pays some money for sth. 某人为某物付多少钱 sb. pays for sth. 某人为某物付款 spend 人 时间/金钱 sb. spends some time/ money on sth.某人在某事/物上花费时间/金钱 sb. spends some time/ money doing sth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事 take 常用 it 时间 it takes ( sb. ) some time to do sth.做某事花费 (某人) 多长时间 例句： ①The new bike costs me 500 yuan. It’s really cool!---“bike（物）”作主语，“500 yuan（金钱）”作宾语，体现“某物花费某人多少钱”。 ②I paid 30 yuan for this notebook. It’s very useful.---“I（人）”作主语，“30 yuan（金钱）+ for this notebook（事物）”体现“某人为某物付钱”。 ③My mother spent 200 yuan buying a new dress yesterday.---“My mother（人）”作主语，“200 yuan（金钱）+ buying a new dress（动名词短语）”体现“某人花钱做某事”。 ④It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school every morning.---“It（形式主语）”代替“to walk to school（真正主语）”，“15 minutes（时间）”作宾语，体现“做某事花费多长时间”。 9、 happen 发生（指偶然、意外地发生，主语通常是事件或事故。） happen to sb./sth.意为“……发生在某人身上/某物上”。 如：你发生什么事了？What happened to you? 考点拓展： happen to do sth.表示“碰巧发生/做某事”，相当于“It happens+that 从句.”。 如：那天我碰巧没带钱。 I happened to have no money with me that day.=It happened that I had no money with me that day. 辨析take place：指有计划，事先安排的事件“发生”。主语是表示“运动，活动，会议等”的名词。还有“举行”的意思没有偶然性 如：The Olympic Games take place every four years.---奥运会是经过筹备和计划的活动，不能用 happen。 10、find out,find 与 look for find out 明， 弄清(情况) 指通过观察、调查或研究等查明真相、事实。 find 找到； 发现 强调找的结果， 多指偶然发现或碰到。 look for 寻找 指有目的地寻找， 强调找的过程。 例句： ①I need to find out the answer to this math problem. Can you help me?---“find out”强调通过思考、请教等方式“弄明白答案”，侧重获取知识类信息。 ②I found my lost key under the sofa this morning.---“found”是 “find”的过去式，强调“找到钥匙”这个结果（之前可能找了很久）。 ③I’m looking for my English book. Have you seen it?---“looking for”是现在进行时，强调“找书”这个正在进行的动作/过程（还没找到）。 11、sleep,sleepy,sleeping sleep 做延续性动词“睡觉”，也可做名词“睡眠”。 sleepy “想睡的，疲倦的，瞌睡的”，做表语或定语。 sleeping “睡着的”，既可做表语，也可做定语。 例句： ①I usually sleep for eight hours every night.---“sleep”作谓语动词，“for eight hours”体现睡眠时长。 ②A good sleep can help you study better tomorrow.---“sleep”作名词，被形容词“good”修饰，指“睡眠质量”。 ③I feel very sleepy after lunch. I want to take a nap.---“sleepy”作表语，描述主语“I”的主观感受（因午饭而疲倦、想睡）。 ④Be quiet! The sleeping baby will wake up soon.---“sleeping”作定语，修饰“baby”，强调宝宝“正在睡着”的客观状态。 12、cross,across,through,over ①cross是动词“(从表面)穿过，越过，渡过”,可直接接宾语。 如：They crossed the road.他们穿过了马路。 ②across指从这边到那边“通过，横过”,含义与on有关，动词walk/go/run/swim等+across=cross,常和street,bridge,river等连用。 如：We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。 ③through“穿过，通过”,强调从内部“穿过”,含义与in有关，如：穿过森林、城市、窗户等。 如：The thief got in through the window.小偷是通过这扇窗户进来的。 ④over越过….指从上方跨过。 如：The girl can't jump over the pole.这个女孩跳不过这横竿。 13、lonely与alone lonely ①形容词“荒凉的；偏僻的”,只用于名词前作定语。 ②“孤独的；寂寞的”,指情感上的孤独，带有伤感的色彩。 alone ①形容词“独处的；独自的”,常用作表语。 ②副词“独自；单独”,相当于by oneself。强调独自一人的客观情况，不含感情色彩。 如：She lives alone, but she doesn't feel lonely.— 经典考题：虽然客观上是一个人（alone），但主观上不寂寞。 14、辨析sound,noise与voice sound泛指自然界的各种声音，如：Light travels faster than sound.— 物理常识，泛指声音。 noise多指不悦耳的“噪声，喧闹声”等，如：Please don't make so much noise; the baby is sleeping.— 强调干扰性的声音。 voice指人的声音，如嗓音、说话声、歌唱声，如：He spoke in a low voice so that he wouldn't wake anyone up.— 特指人说话的声音。 15、辨析sound，listen与hear 易混词 词性 含义 用法 sound 系动词 “听起来” sound+adj. sound like+n./pron. listen 不及物动词 “听；倾听”(侧重听的动作) listen to+sb./sth. hear 感官动词 “听到；听见”(强调听的结果) hear sb.do sth.“听见某人做了某事” hear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事” 例句： ①That idea sounds great! Let's do it.---sound后直接加形容词great，表示主语的特征。 ②Please listen carefully to the teacher.---强调“认真听”这个动作，且接了宾语the teacher，所以用了listen to。 ③Can you hear me? I'm speaking loudly!---强调听到的结果。 ④I often hear him sing in the morning. (= hear sb. do sth.)---强调经常发生的动作或全过程。 ⑤When I passed his room, I heard him singing. (= hear sb. doing sth.)---强调路过那一瞬间，动作正在进行中。 16、辨析see,look,watch与read 易混词 含义 固定搭配 see 看见(强调结果)；观看 see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事；see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事 look 看(强调动作)；看起来 look at 看……；look like 看起来像…… watch 注视；观看(比赛、电视) watch TV 看电视；watch a game/match 观看比赛 read 读；阅读 read books/magazines 看书/杂志；read a newspaper 看报纸 例句： ①I can see a bird in the tree.—— 强调视觉的结果。 ②Look! There is a bus coming.—— 单独使用，提醒别人注意。 ③We usually watch TV after dinner.—— 固定搭配 watch TV。 ④She likes reading books in the library.—— read books。 固定搭配 1、be good at 擅长... 其中at和in为介词，后跟名词、代词或动词—ing形式作宾语。 如：Dr.Yuan Longping was good at English.袁隆平博士擅长英语。 Lucy is good at playing the violin.露西擅长拉小提琴。 拓展： 同义短语：do well in反义短语：be weak in/be bad at不擅长 如：Are you good at Chinese?=Do you do well in Chinese?你擅长汉语吗? She is weak in/is bad at cooking.她不擅长做饭。 2、be ready to do sth.愿意(或准备好)做某事 ①愿意做某事 相当于be glad/willing to do sth. 如：He's always ready to help people in need.他总是乐意帮助需要帮助的人。 ②准备好做某事 相当于get ready to do sth.。 如：We are ready to go out.我们准备好动身了。 3、help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 如：Many people enjoy helping others solve problems.许多人喜欢帮助他人解决问题。 ①help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人有时可与help sb.(to) do sth.进行同义转换。 如：Mary often helps me with my homework at weekends.=Mary often helps me(to)do my homework at weekends. 玛丽经常在周末帮助我做家庭作业。 ②help(to)do sth.帮助做某事 如：Can you help clean the room?你能帮忙打扫房间吗? 4、one of…之一 ①one of后接可数名词复数或人称代词复数的宾格形式。 ②one of…作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ③one of后接名词复数时，名词前通常要加 the、形容词性物主代词等限定词。 如：One of my classmates is from Australia.我的一个同班同学来自澳大利亚。 One of the books is from my father.这些书中有一本是爸爸送我的。 5、in this way用这种方法 如：In this way, you can know each other much better.用这种方法，你们就能更好地了解彼此。 与way 相关的其他短语： lose one's way迷路；in one's/the way 妨碍，挡着……的路； by the way 顺便说一下；in some ways在某种程度上 6、It's+adj.+to do sth.做某事是……的。其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式(短语)。 如：It is hard to solve this problem.解决这个问题很困难。 It is important to keep your mind and body healthy.保持身心健康很重要。 拓展： 在该结构中，有时在to do sth.前加上for/of sb.,sb.是动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语。 其用法如下： ①It is +adj.+for sb.to do sth.描述的是事物的特征。这类形容词有different、easy、hard、important、possible、dangerous、necessary(必要的)等，表示对某人来说，做某事是……的。 如：It is important for us to learn English well.---“important（重要的）”是评价“学英语”这件事的特征，而不是评价“我们”这个人的性格。 ②It is +adj.+of sb.to do sth.描述的是人的性格、品质特征。这类形容词有kind、good、nice、polite、clever、careless、wise(明智的)、wrong、silly(愚蠢的)等。表示某人做某事是……的。 如：It is very kind of you to help me with my math.---“kind（善良的/好心的）”是在夸奖“你”这个人的品质。我们可以说 "You are kind"。 7、enjoy oneself 玩得痛快，得到乐趣 同义短语有have a good/great/wonderful time、have fun等。 We enjoyed ourselves(=had fun=had a good/great/wonderful time) at the party yesterday. 备注： enjoy oneself doing sth. 如：My sister enjoys herself reading books in the library.---reading 是现在分词作伴随状语或补语，说明是在“看书”这件事上感到快乐。 8、try one's best 尽某人最大努力，竭尽全力，相当于do one's best。 try/do one's best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事 如：I know it's hard, but I will try my best.我知道这很困难，但我会尽我最大努力。 含 try的其他短语： try doing sth.尝试做某事；try on 试穿；try to do sth.尽力做某事；try out for 参加……选拔(或试演) 9、need需要 ①need sth.需要某物，如：We need your help.我们需要你的帮助。 ②need to do sth.需要做某事，如：I need to exercise every morning.我每天早上需要锻炼。 ③need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事，如：I need her to help me.我需要她来帮助我。 ④sth.need(s)doing某事需要被做，如：The classroom needs cleaning.教室需要被打扫。 拓展： ①[情态动词]需要 后接动词原形，常用于否定句或疑问句中。 如：You needn't go now.你现在不需要去。 ②由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn't或don't/doesn't have to. 如：——Must I do it now?我必须现在做这件事吗?——No,you needn't.不，你不需要。 ③需要的事物；需要 in need在贫困中，在困难中 10、remember还可意为“记着；记起，记得” 后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词—ing作宾语。 ①remember to do sth.“记着要做某事”，如：Remember to turn off the light next time.强调事情还未做。 ②remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”,如：I remembered turning off the light.强调事情已经做过了。 11、get over 解决；克服 如：She can't get over her shyness.她无法克服羞怯心理。 拓展与get相关的其他短语： get up起床；get on上车；get off下车；get lost迷路；get out 出去；泄露；get along with与……和睦相处 12、fill动词，意为“(使)充满；装满” fill...with... 表示“用……装满……”,其主语通常是人，被动语态为be filled with。 如：Your fascinating speech is filled with positive energy. 备注： be full of 充满…的，相当于be filled with。 如：The glass is full of honey.=The glass is filled with honey. 13、too ...to太……而不能 如：This soup is too salty to eat.这汤太咸了，不能喝。 拓展： too...to... 结构可以和so/such...that...(如此…以至于…)以及not...enough to do sth.(不够…而不能做某事)进行同义转换。 如：他年纪太小，不能独自一人去上学。 He is too young to go to school on his own. =He is so young that he can't go to school on his own. =He is not old enough to go to school on his own 【特别提醒】 too...to... 结构中，too前有否定词(如never)时，表达肯定意义。 如：It's never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。 14、on one's own独自；独立地 辨析on one's own独自与of one's own属于某人自己的 如：She is afraid of going out on her own at night.她害怕晚上独自外出。 I have a bedroom of my own,but it is not big.我有一间属于自己的卧室，但是它不大 15、There is nothing to do but..除了……没事可做，but后动词要用原形 如;There was nothing to do but watch news on TV.除了在电视上看新闻没事可做。 There is nothing to say but keep silent.没有什么可说的，只有保持沉默。 16、enough的用法 ①enough + 名词 （修饰名词时，放在前面），足够的…… 如:We don't have enough time to finish the work.---enough 修饰名词 time，放在前面。 ②形容词 / 副词 + enough （修饰形容词或副词时，放在后面）, 足够……的 / 足够……地 如：The boy is old enough to go to school.---enough 修饰形容词 old，放在后面。 拓展：adj. + enough + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说）足够……去做某事 如：The water is warm enough for us to swim.---warm (形容词) + enough + for us + to swim (不定式)。 一、单项选择 1、My mother often ______ a red dress on weekends. She looks very young. A. puts on B. wears C. dresses D. in 【答案】 B 【详解】 句意：我妈妈周末经常穿一条红裙子。她看起来很年轻。 考查动词辨析与用法。put on 强调“穿上”的动作；wear 强调“穿着”的状态；dress 后常接人（如 dress sb.）或反身代词（如 dress oneself），表示“给…穿衣”；in 是介词，不能单独作谓语。句中描述“周末经常穿红裙”的状态，且主语 my mother 是第三人称单数，一般现在时中用 wears。故选B。 2、Don't worry. There is still ______ time left. We can wait for Tom. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little 【答案】 D 【详解】 句意：别担心。还剩一点时间。我们可以等汤姆。 考查不定代词辨析。few/a few 修饰可数名词复数，little/a little 修饰不可数名词；few/little 表否定（“几乎没有”），a few/a little 表肯定（“有一些/一点”）。句中 time 是不可数名词，且由 “Don’t worry” 可知是“还有时间（肯定含义）”，需用 a little。故选D。 3、The boy is ______ young ______ go to school alone. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 【答案】 A 【详解】 句意：这个男孩太小了，不能独自去上学。 考查固定结构。too…to… 表示“太…而不能…”；so/such…that… 后接从句（本题无从句，排除B、C）；enough to 结构中 enough 要放在形容词后（如 old enough to，本题逻辑不符，排除D）。句中表达“太小而不能独自上学”，符合 too…to… 结构。故选A。 4、This kind of paper ______ wood. A. is made of B. is made from C. is made in D. is made by 【答案】 B 【详解】 句意：这种纸是由木头制成的。 考查短语辨析。be made of 表示“由…制成（原材料可见）”；be made from 表示“由…制成（原材料不可见）”；be made in 表示“在…制造”；be made by 表示“由…（人）制造”。纸由木头制成后，原材料（木头）已不可见，需用 be made from。故选B。 5、I can't hear you clearly. Please speak in a louder ______. A. sound B. noise C. voice D. shout 【答案】 C 【详解】 句意：我听不清你说话。请用大一点的声音说。 考查名词辨析。sound 泛指“声音”（自然声、物体声等）；noise 指“噪音”；voice 指“人的嗓音”；shout 是动词“喊叫”。句中请求对方“说话声音大些”，针对“人的嗓音”，需用 voice。故选C。 6、My sister is good ______ playing the piano. She practices every day. A. at B. for C. with D. in 【答案】 A 【详解】 句意：我妹妹擅长弹钢琴。她每天都练习。 考查固定搭配。be good at 表示“擅长（做某事）”；be good for 表示“对…有益”；be good with 表示“善于和…相处”；be good in 无此常用搭配。句中“弹钢琴”是技能，对应 be good at。故选A。 7、If you work hard, you will ______ your dream one day. A. look for B. find out C. achieve D. wait for 【答案】 C 【详解】 句意：如果你努力工作，总有一天你会实现你的梦想。 考查动词短语辨析。look for 表示“寻找”；find out 表示“查明；发现”；achieve 表示“实现（梦想、目标等）”；wait for 表示“等待”。句中“梦想”需搭配 achieve 表示“实现”。故选C。 8、It's very kind ______ you to help me with my English. A. for B. of C. to D. with 【答案】 B 【详解】 句意：你帮我学英语真是太好了。 考查固定句型。It’s + 形容词 + of sb. to do sth. 用于描述人的品质、性格（如 kind, nice, clever 等）；It’s + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 用于描述事物的性质（如 important, difficult 等）。句中 kind 是形容人的品质，需用 of。故选B。 9、The little girl can't ______ herself. She needs her mother's help. A. wear B. put on C. dress D. have 【答案】 C 【详解】 句意：这个小女孩不会自己穿衣服。她需要妈妈的帮助。 考查动词辨析。wear 强调“穿着”的状态；put on 强调“穿上”的动作；dress 可接反身代词（dress oneself），表示“自己穿衣服”；have 表示“有”。句中 herself 是反身代词，需用 dress 构成 dress herself（自己穿衣服）。故选C。 10、I ______ my keys this morning. I looked for them everywhere. A. found B. looked for C. found out D. forgot 【答案】 B 【详解】 句意：我今天早上找我的钥匙。我到处都找了。 考查动词短语辨析。found 是 find 的过去式，强调“找到（结果）”；looked for 是 look for 的过去式，强调“寻找（动作）”；found out 表示“查明（真相、信息等）”；forgot 是 forget 的过去式，表示“忘记”。句中“到处找钥匙”是寻找的动作，需用 looked for。故选B。 二、用单词的正确形式填空 11、It's very important for us ____________ (learn) English well. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：对我们来说学好英语很重要。考查固定句型。“It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.”是常用结构，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，此处用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to learn。 12、The girl enjoys ____________ (her) playing games with friends. 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：这个女孩喜欢和朋友一起玩游戏。考查反身代词和固定搭配。“enjoy oneself doing sth.”表示“喜欢做某事”，主语是“The girl”，对应的反身代词是“herself”，故填herself。 13、One of my ____________ (classmate) comes from the UK. 【答案】classmates 【详解】句意：我的一个同学来自英国。考查名词复数。“one of + 可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，“classmate”的复数形式是“classmates”，故填classmates。 14、Look! The children ____________ (swim) across the river. 【答案】are swimming 【详解】句意：看！孩子们正在游过河。考查现在进行时。“Look!”是现在进行时的标志词，其结构为“be + 现在分词”，主语“The children”是复数，be动词用“are”，“swim”的现在分词是“swimming”，故填are swimming。 15、He tried his best ____________ (finish) the work on time. 【答案】to finish 【详解】句意：他尽最大努力按时完成工作。考查固定搭配。“try one's best to do sth.”表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”，此处用动词不定式，故填to finish。 16、The question is ____________ (easy) enough for me ____________ (answer). 【答案】easy；to answer 【详解】句意：这个问题对我来说足够简单，我能回答。考查形容词和不定式的用法。“enough”修饰形容词时放在形容词后，“easy”是形容词，直接用原形；“be + 形容词 + enough + for sb. + to do sth.”表示“对某人来说做某事足够……”，第二个空用动词不定式，故依次填easy、to answer。 17、Don't forget ____________ (turn) off the lights when you leave. 【答案】to turn 【详解】句意：离开时别忘了关灯。考查固定搭配。“forget to do sth.”表示“忘记去做某事（还没做）”，“forget doing sth.”表示“忘记做过某事（已经做了）”。根据语境，这里是提醒离开时记得关灯（还没关），所以用“to turn”，故填to turn。 18、The boy was ____________ (make) ____________ (clean) the classroom by the teacher. 【答案】made；to clean 【详解】句意：这个男孩被老师要求打扫教室。考查被动语态和使役动词的用法。“make sb. do sth.”在变为被动语态时，要加上“to”，即“sb. be made to do sth.”。句子是一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，“make”的过去分词是“made”，所以第一个空填“made”，第二个空填“to clean”，故依次填made、to clean。 19、There is nothing ____________ (do) but ____________ (wait). 【答案】to do；wait 【详解】句意：除了等待，没有什么可做的。考查固定结构和不定式的省略。“there is nothing to do but do sth.”是固定结构，意为“除了做某事别无选择”，当“but”前有实义动词“do”的某种形式时，“but”后的动词不定式要省略“to”。第一个空用“to do”作后置定语修饰“nothing”，第二个空“but”后有“do”的相关结构（这里隐含“do”的意思），所以用动词原形“wait”，故依次填to do、wait。 20、The soup tastes terrible. It is much too ____________ (salt). 【答案】salty 【详解】句意：这汤尝起来很糟糕。它太咸了。考查形容词的用法。“much too”后接形容词或副词，“salt”是名词，其形容词形式是“salty”，表示“咸的”，故填salty。 三、句型转换 按要求改写句子，每空一词。 21、The girl is too short. She can't reach the apple on the tree. (合并为一句) The girl is ______ short ______ ______ the apple on the tree. 【答案】too；to reach 【详解】句意：这个女孩太矮了，够不到树上的苹果。考查固定结构“too…to…”（太……而不能……）。“too + 形容词/副词 + to do sth.”表示“太……以至于不能做某事”，原句中“can't reach”对应“too short to reach”，故依次填“too”“to reach”。 22、"I will go to the library," Tom said to me. (改为间接引语) Tom told me that ______ ______ go to the library. 【答案】he would 【详解】句意：汤姆告诉我他将会去图书馆。考查直接引语变间接引语的时态和人称变化。直接引语是一般将来时（will），变为间接引语时，主句谓语动词“told”是过去式，从句时态要相应后退为过去将来时（would）；第一人称“I”根据语境变为第三人称“he”，故依次填“he”“would”。 23、It took me two hours to finish this report. (改为同义句) I ______ two hours ______ this report. 【答案】spent；finishing 【详解】句意：我花了两个小时完成这份报告。考查“花费时间做某事”的同义表达。原句用“It took sb. some time to do sth.”结构，其同义结构为“sb. spent some time (in) doing sth.”（in可省略）。主语是“I”，时态与原句一致（一般过去时），“spend”的过去式是“spent”，“finish”要变为动名词形式“finishing”，故依次填“spent”“finishing”。 24、The coat costs me 200 yuan. (对划线部分提问) ______ ______ does the coat ______ you? 【答案】How much；cost 【详解】句意：这件外套花了我200元。考查对价格提问的特殊疑问句。划线部分“200 yuan”是价格，对价格提问用“How much”；原句谓语动词“costs”是一般现在时第三人称单数，变为疑问句时需借助助动词“does”，且“costs”要还原为原形“cost”，故依次填“How much”“cost”。 25、We can see the wood grain in the table. (改为被动语态) The wood grain can ______ ______ in the table. 【答案】be seen 【详解】句意：我们能看到桌子上的木纹。改为被动语态后，句子意为“桌子上的木纹能被看到”。含情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，“see”的过去分词是“seen”，因此填“be seen”。 四、根据短文内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词并用其正确形式填空。 A. lonely B. noise C. through D. happen E. borrow F. spend G. find out H. look for I. another J. other Last weekend, I went to the city library. I wanted to 26 ______ some books about history. In the reading room, I met my friend Peter. He was 27 ______ a book about animals. He told me he 28______ two hours reading there every Saturday. Suddenly, a loud bell broke the silence. It was from a phone. The librarian came quickly and said, "Please keep quiet. Don't make so much 29 ______." We didn't know what30 ______ outside. After a while, everything was OK again. We decided to stay there until we 31______ the answers to our questions. 【答案】26、E (borrow) 27、H (look for) 28、F (spent) 29、B (noise) 30、D (happened) 31、G (found out) 26、句意：上周末，我去了市图书馆。我想借一些关于历史的书。考查动词辨析及语境理解。“borrow”意为“借（入）”，常用于“borrow sth.”结构，符合去图书馆借书的语境；其他选项如“lonely”（孤独的）、“noise”（噪音）、“through”（穿过）等均不符合此处语义，故填 E。 27、句意：在阅览室里，我遇到了我的朋友彼得。他正在找一本关于动物的书。考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。“look for”意为“寻找”，强调寻找的动作，结合“was”可知句子为过去进行时，“look for”的现在分词形式为“looking for”，符合“正在找书”的语境；其他选项如“happen”（发生）、“spend”（花费）等不符合语义，故填 H。 28、句意：他告诉我他每周六在那里花两个小时读书。考查动词辨析及固定搭配。“spend... (in) doing sth.”是固定结构，意为“花费……做某事”，主语是“he”，时态与主句“told”一致（一般过去时），“spend”的过去式为“spent”，符合语境；其他选项如“find out”（查明）、“another”（另一个）等不符合语义，故填 F。 29、句意：突然，一声响亮的铃声打破了寂静。它来自一部手机。图书管理员很快过来说：“请保持安静。不要制造太多噪音。”考查名词辨析及语境理解。“noise”意为“噪音”，“make noise”是固定短语，意为“制造噪音”，符合图书馆需要安静的语境；其他选项如“lonely”（孤独的）、“through”（穿过）等为形容词或介词，不符合此处名词的语法要求，故填 B。 30、句意：我们不知道外面发生了什么。考查动词辨析及语境理解。“happen”意为“发生”，是不及物动词，无被动语态，此处用一般过去时“happened”，表示“外面发生的事情”，符合语境；其他选项如“borrow”（借）、“find out”（查明）等不符合语义，故填 D。 31、句意：过了一会儿，一切又恢复正常了。我们决定留在那里，直到我们找到问题的答案。考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。“find out”意为“查明；弄清楚”，强调经过努力或调查后得到结果，符合“找到问题答案”的语境；句子时态为一般过去时，“find out”的过去式为“found out”，故填 G。 1、 完形填空 It’s a sunny September morning. Bobbie, Peter, and Phyllis walked 1 the railway near their home. The 2 sun made everything look warm and golden. Bobbie was placing small white stones on the ground to spell “HELLO” for the passing 3 drivers to see—something she often did for fun. “Look! There’s smoke coming from that old red building!” Phyllis suddenly 4 . Peter, always the bravest, moved closer carefully and pushed the door 5 . Inside, they saw something that made their hearts beat fast—a man was 6 on the dirty floor, his left wrist (手腕) locked with a rope to a big iron pipe (管子)! His face was dirty with black marks like coal dust, and his shirt showed a bleeding cut on his arm. “Water…please…” the man said 7 . Though he looked poor and tired, Bobbie 8 he spoke like a well-educated man. Quickly, she 9 him their water bottle while Phyllis used a piece of cloth to tie around his wounded arm. “My name…is Jim,” the man said. “They stole my important papers…I need to 10 the 11:15 train to London…” Just then, the loud whistle (呼啸声) of a coming train made Peter rush to close the door so nobody outside would hear them. When Mother arrived with the village policeman later that evening, the building was empty. The broken rope 11 on the floor like a dead snake, and the only signs left 12 footprints. But Bobbie noticed something shiny in the dirt, a gold button with a special design. That night, Bobbie heard the familiar whistle of the 11:15 train 13 by. But tonight it 14 different — two short calls instead of one. The train’s yellow lights went 15 the darkness like fireflies (萤火虫) running along the railway. —Taken from The Railway Children 1．A．across B．along C．over D．into 2．A．winter B．summer C．autumn D．spring 3．A．car B．train C．bus D．bike 4．A．said B．sang C．shouted D．whispered 5．A．close B．shut C．lock D．open 6．A．sitting B．standing C．sleeping D．running 7．A．weakly B．loudly C．excitedly D．happily 8．A．looked B．noticed C．hoped D．wondered 9．A．took B．gave C．brought D．showed 10．A．miss B．get C．catch D．leave 11．A．stood B．fell C．stayed D．lay 12．A．is B．are C．was D．were 13．A．coming B．showing C．passing D．leaving 14．A．felt B．looked C．sounded D．seemed 15．A．through B．inside C．beyond D．around 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，节选自《铁路少年》，讲述孩子们沿铁路行走时发现被困Jim并提供帮助，随后Jim获救及当晚火车发出特殊信号的故事。 【详解】1．句意：Bobbie、Peter和Phyllis沿着家附近的铁路行走。 根据“the railway near their home”可知，他们是在铁路旁行走，along the railway“沿着铁路”符合语境；across强调横穿，into表示进入，均不符合。 2．句意：秋天的太阳使一切看起来温暖金黄。 根据前文的“a sunny September morning”可知，九月属于秋天，此处autumn符合语境，意为“秋天”。排除winter“冬天”；summer“夏天”和spring“春天”。 3．句意：Bobbie摆石头给经过的火车司机看。 根据前文的“railway”可知，铁路上运行的是火车，train“火车”符合语境。car“汽车”；bus“公共汽车”和bike“自行车”与前文提到的“铁路”语境不符。 4．句意：Phyllis突然喊道。 根据“Look! There’s smoke coming from that old red building!”可知，发现异常情况时应是大声喊出来提醒大家，shouted符合语境。 5．句意：彼得总是最勇敢的，他小心翼翼地走近，推开了门。 根据“Inside, they saw…”可知，此处把门打开才能往里看，此处考查常用搭配push the door open，意为“推开门”，符合语境。close“关”；shut“关闭”和lock“锁”与“往里看”的语境不符。 6．句意：在里面，他们看到了让他们心跳加速的事情——一个男人坐在肮脏的地板上，他的左手腕被一根绳子锁在一根大铁管上！ 根据“locked with a rope”可知，此处sitting“坐”符合语境。standing“站立”；sleeping“睡觉”和running“跑步”与“被锁着”的语境不符。 7．句意：男人虚弱地说。 根据“Water…please…”及“his shirt showed a bleeding cut on his arm”可知，此处说话虚弱，weakly“虚弱地”符合语境。loudly“大声地”；excitedly“兴奋地”和happily“高兴地”与“受伤后被绑着说话断断续续”的语境不符。 8．句意：Bobbie注意到他说话像受过教育的人。 根据“he spoke like a well-educated man”可知，此处是Bobbie通过观察得出的结论，noticed“注意”符合语境。排除looked“看”；hoped“希望”和wondered“想知道”。 9．句意：很快，她给了他水瓶，而Phyllis则用一块布绑住了他受伤的手臂。 根据前文“Water...please...”可知，男子要水喝，因此Bobbie把水瓶给了他，give sb. sth.“给某人某物”符合语境。 10．句意：我需要赶 11:15 的火车去伦敦。 根据“the 11:15 train to London”可知，catch the train“赶火车”为固定搭配。 11．句意：断了的绳子像死蛇一样躺在地板上，留下的唯一的痕迹是脚印。 根据“on the floor”可知，此处是指绳子躺着地板上，用lay“躺”符合语境。排除stood“站立”；fell“落下”和stayed“停留”。 12．句意：断了的绳子像死蛇一样躺在地板上，留下的唯一的痕迹是脚印。 此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子是一般过去时，排除is和are，“signs”是复数，用were。排除was。 13．句意：那天晚上，Bobbie听到了熟悉的11:15火车经过的汽笛声。 根据“heard the familiar whistle of the 11:15 train”可知，是听见火车经过时的汽笛声，pass by“经过”符合语境。 14．句意：但今晚听起来不一样——两声短的，而不是一声。 根据“whistle”可知，此处指“听到的汽笛声”，sounded“听起来”符合语境。felt“感觉起来”；looked“看起来”和seemed“似乎”与“听到汽笛声”的语境不符。 15．句意：火车的黄灯穿过黑暗，就像萤火虫沿着铁路奔跑。 根据“went…the darkness”可知，此处用through符合语境，表达光线穿过黑暗。inside“在……里面”；beyond“超过”和around“围绕”与“车灯穿过黑暗”的语境不符。 2、 阅读理解 ①The loong is often the main character in Chinese celebrations. Loong dances have been recorded at traditional celebrations since the Han Dynasty, while fire loong dances began appearing in records during the Qing Dynasty. Some historians say fire loong dances date back to the Ming Dynasty. Today, fire loong dances can be seen all over China as part of the Spring Festival celebrations. ②In Hunan Province, the Xiangxi Steel Fire Loong takes place every year during the Lantern Festival. It is popular thanks to the local people who tirelessly introduce it online. Fireworks shoot out from many bamboo pipes placed on each side of the dance route and loong dancers face the sparks (火花) bravely. Some of the dances end by running the loong into a river; others aren’t over until the loong is completely burnt out. ③In Sichuan Province, Huanglongxi Ancient Town hosts its fire loong dance on the first five days and the 15th day of the first lunar month. Instead of fireworks, molten iron (铁水熔岩) is thrown into the air. As the lava cools and sends sparks into the air, the loong “follows” a lantern, creating an amazing show. ④In Guizhou Province, the Dafang County Fire Loong Dance falls on the ninth day of the first lunar month every year. Instead of lighting the loong on fire, it has a colorful lantern that has an artistic design and is lit from within. Fireworks are laid on the ground to create a shiny performance around the dance route as dancers move around the town with their loong. ⑤These different fire loong dances are necessary to Chinese culture. If you have time, you must see them yourself. It is well worth a try! 16．When did fire loong dances start appearing in records? A．In the Qing Dynasty. B．In the Ming Dynasty. C．In the Han Dynasty. D．In the Yuan Dynasty. 17．How does the Xiangxi Steel Fire Loong become popular? A．The government provides much money. B．Local people celebrate it every month. C．Local people introduce it on the Internet. D．Some famous magazines introduce it. 18．What makes the Dafang County Fire Loong Dance different from the others? A．The clothes of the dancers. B．The way of lighting the loong. C．The use of many fireworks. D．The light of the local lanterns. 19．What is the structure of this passage?(①＝Paragraph 1, ②＝Paragraph 2…) A．B．C． D． 【答案】16．A 17．C 18．B 19．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国舞龙文化中火龙舞的起源与历史，并以湖南、四川、贵州三地为例，介绍了各具特色的火龙舞表演形式，强调了其在中国文化中的重要地位。 【详解】16．原文第①段“while fire loong dances began appearing in records during the Qing Dynasty”可知，火龙舞的记载始于清朝。 17．原文第②段“It is popular thanks to the local people who tirelessly introduce it online.”可知，当地人在互联网上介绍它，使得湘西钢火龙流行起来。 18．原文第④段“Instead of lighting the loong on fire, it has a colorful lantern that has an artistic design and is lit from within.”可知，大方县火龙舞与其他火龙舞的核心区别在于“龙身的点亮方式”。 19．第①段为总起段，介绍火龙舞的起源与整体背景；第②③④段为分述段，分别介绍湖南、四川、贵州三地的特色火龙舞；第⑤段为总结段，强调火龙舞的文化意义。 整体结构为“总分总”，对应选项D的结构图。 3、 任务型阅读 The Nile crocodile (鳄) lives in and near African rivers. It is a very large animal. It can grow up to 6 meters long. Its body is green and brown and it has got a very big mouth. Most of the Nile crocodiles can live to be about 70 years old in the wild. Some can even live up to 100 years. The Nile crocodiles spend most of the day on the bank of the river in the sun without moving. At night, they go back into the water to find food. They are excellent swimmers. They can swim as fast as 30 km/h and they can stay up to 30 minutes under water. As meat eaters, the Nile crocodiles eat birds, fish and other crocodiles and so on. Sometimes they even eat people. A person washing clothes by the river might just look like a delicious meal for them. Hundreds of people die because of them each year. Now the Nile crocodiles are in danger. Do you know why? First, people kill them for their skin(皮肤) to make things like shoes and handbags. Second, people catch them for food or medicine. And sometimes they die because they hurt people. Last but not least, some people destroy (破坏) their home so the Nile crocodiles don’t have enough space to live. 每题答案不超过10个单词 20．What color is the Nile crocodiles? 21．How long can most of the Nile crocodiles live? 22．Where does the Nile crocodiles like to stay during the day time? 23．What do the Nile crocodiles like to eat? 24．What can we do to protect the Nile crocodiles? 【答案】20．Green and brown. 21．About 70 years. 22．On the bank of the river. 23．Birds, fish and other animals. 24．Stop killing them and protect their habitat. 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了尼罗鳄的体型特征、生活习性、食性以及当前面临的生存威胁。 20．根据文章第1段“Its body is green and brown”可知它的身体是绿色和棕色的，故填Green and brown。 21．根据文章第1段“Most of the Nile crocodiles can live to be about 70 years old”可知大多数尼罗鳄能活到约70岁。故填About 70 years。 22．根据文章第2段“The Nile crocodiles spend most of the day on the bank of the river”可知尼罗鳄白天大部分时间待在河岸上。故填On the bank of the river。 23．根据文章第3段“They eat birds, fish and other crocodiles”可知它们吃鸟类、鱼类和其他鳄鱼，可概括其食性。故填Birds, fish and other animals。 24．根据文章第4段提到的威胁包括捕杀、栖息地破坏，保护措施需针对这些原因，如“停止捕杀”和“保护栖息地”。   故填Stop killing them and protect their habitat。 4、 短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Chen Xiaoyu is a student. She is a member of her school’s “Digital Intangible Heritage team (数字非遗队)”. Their new goal is to p 25 the art of making Jiangnan silk lanterns, which is slowly disappearing. The biggest challenge (挑战) for Xiaoyu was with Master Wang, an 82-year-old lantern a 26 . He couldn’t teach the detailed techniques of making lanterns because of his shaky (颤抖的) hands. So Xiaoyu decided to use AI to record and analyze (分析) his hand movements. Every weekend, she filmed Master Wang’s hands when he colored s 27 and bent (弯折) bamboo. The AI program turned his work into 368 short videos. Master Wang was very happy w 28 their first digital guidebook was finished. “I never thought teenagers would use technology (技术) to remember w 29 my old hands forget,” he said. The t 30 big moment came at the Qiantang River Lantern Festival. V 31 could wear AR glasses to experience Master Wang’s “digital hands”. A deaf girl was very excited and she said, “Now I can learn how to make lanterns w 32 being afraid of my hearing problem!” So far, their o 33 lessons have attracted 50,000 people from all over the world. Fans have shared lantern photos on Xiaohongshu App and gotten lots of likes. Xiaoyu is busy at school, but she s 34 practices making lanterns in her free time. “AI won’t take the place of humans,” she tells her friends. “It’s like a magic bridge that connects the past and the present.” 【答案】 25．protect/rotect 26．artist/rtist 27．silk/ilk 28．when/hen 29．what/hat 30．team’s/eam’s 31．Visitors/isitors 32．without/ithout 33．online/nline 34．still/till 【导语】本文讲述了学生陈小雨和她的数字非遗队利用人工智能技术保护和传承江南丝绸灯笼制作艺术的故事，展现了科技与传统文化的结合以及年轻人对传统文化的热爱与传承。 【详解】25．句意：他们的新目标是保护正在慢慢消失的江南丝绸灯笼制作艺术。该处需一个动词，在句中作表语“goal”的补充说明，构成“goal is to do sth.”的结构，表示目标的内容。根据后文“which is slowly disappearing”可知，这种艺术正在慢慢消失，因此需要“保护”。结合首字母“p”，应填protect。 26．句意：对小雨来说最大的挑战是82岁的灯笼艺术家王师傅。该处需一个名词，在句中作同位语，解释说明“Master Wang”的身份。根据后文“He couldn’t teach the detailed techniques of making lanterns”可知，王师傅是制作灯笼的专家，即“艺术家”。结合首字母“a”，应填artist。 27．句意：每个周末，她都会拍摄王师傅给丝绸上色和弯折竹子的手部动作。该处需一个名词，在句中作动词“colored”的宾语，表示上色的对象。根据前文“the art of making Jiangnan silk lanterns”可知，这种灯笼是由丝绸制成的，因此上色的对象是“丝绸”。结合首字母“s”，应填silk。 28．句意：当他们的第一本数字指南完成时，王师傅非常高兴。该处需一个连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。根据句意可知，王师傅高兴的时间点是“数字指南完成时”。结合首字母“w”，应填when。 29．句意：我从未想过青少年会用科技来记住我年迈的双手忘记的东西。该处需一个代词，在句中作动词“remember”的宾语，表示记住的内容。根据句意可知，王师傅年迈的双手忘记的是制作灯笼的技巧或知识，即“什么”。结合首字母“w”，应填what。 30．句意：团队的重要时刻是在钱塘江灯笼节上。该处需一个名词所有格，在句中作定语，修饰名词“moment”。根据前文“Chen Xiaoyu is a student. She is a member of her school’s ‘Digital Intangible Heritage team’”可知，陈小雨是数字非遗队的一员，因此这里指的是“团队的”重要时刻。结合首字母“t”，且空后为名词，所以这里应填team的名词所有格形式team’s。 31．句意：游客们可以戴上增强现实眼镜来体验王师傅的“数字之手”。该处需一个名词，在句中作主语，表示戴上眼镜的人。根据句意和语境可知，在灯笼节上戴上眼镜体验“数字之手”的应该是“游客”。结合首字母“V”，且句子首字母大写，应填Visitors。 32．句意：现在我可以学习如何制作灯笼而不必担心我的听力问题了！该处需一个介词，与后文的“being afraid of”构成介词短语，表示“不必担心”。根据句意可知，这个聋女孩现在可以不受听力问题的限制学习制作灯笼了。结合首字母“w”，应填without。 33．句意：到目前为止，他们的在线课程已经吸引了来自世界各地的5万人。该处需一个形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词“lessons”。根据后文“Fans have shared lantern photos on Xiaohongshu App and gotten lots of likes”可知，课程是通过网络进行的，即“在线的”。结合首字母“o”，应填online。 34．句意：小雨在学校很忙，但她仍然在空闲时间练习制作灯笼。该处需一个副词，在句中作状语，修饰动词“practices”。根据前文“Xiaoyu is busy at school”和后文“practices making lanterns in her free time”可知，尽管小雨在学校很忙，但她“仍然”在空闲时间练习制作灯笼。结合首字母“s”，应填still。 从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用正确的形式填空（每个词或短语只能用一次） enjoy Beijing opera;    of one’s own;    visit;    worry about;    row boats; do some shopping;    recommend as;    for help;     warm;    five 1．The children always have great fun on the lake. 2．Mr Brown lives on the floor in that building. 3．We at one of the local theatres tomorrow, won’t we? 4．Orange is a warm colour and creates a feeling of . 5．Whenever you have trouble fixing the laptop, go and ask the engineers . 6．Lily often for the old with other volunteers. 7．Who would you like a star student in your class? 8．Many families in our town have cars . 9．The Greens their health problems these days. 10．With a long history of 1000 years, the palace is well worth . 【答案】 1．rowing boats 2．fifth 3．will enjoy Beijing opera 4．warmth 5．for help 6．does some shopping 7．to recommend as 8．of their own 9．are worrying about 10．visiting 【解析】1．句意：孩子们在湖上划船总是玩得很开心。根据“on the lake”及备选词可知，湖上活动最可能的是划船，row boats“划船”符合语境，have fun doing sth“做某事很愉快”，所以空处用动名词作宾语。故填rowing boats。 2．句意：布朗先生住在那栋楼的第五层。 根据“lives on the...floor in that building”及备选词可知，此处表示楼层，应用five的序数词fifth表示“第五”。故填fifth。 3．句意：明天我们将在当地的一家剧院欣赏京剧，是吗？ 根据“at one of the local theatres”及备选词可知，剧院里最可能的活动是欣赏京剧，enjoy Beijing opera符合语境，由“tomorrow”可知，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do。故填will enjoy Beijing opera。 4．句意：橙色是暖色，给人一种温暖的感觉。 根据“warm colour”及备选词可知，橙色会带来温暖的感觉，根据“a feeling of ...”可知，空处应填warm的名词形式warmth“温暖”，表示“一种温暖的感觉”。故填warmth。 5．句意：当你修理笔记本电脑遇到困难时，可以去找工程师寻求帮助。 根据“ask the engineers...”及备选词可知，遇到困难，应是要寻求帮助，ask sb for help“向某人寻求帮助”，固定短语。故填for help。 6．句意：Lily经常和其他志愿者一起为老人购物。 根据“...for the old”可知，空处应是帮助老人的行为，结合备选词可知，do some shopping“购物”符合语境。主语是Lily，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填does some shopping。 7．句意：你想推荐谁成为你们班的明星学生？ 根据“Who would you like ...a star student”及备选词可知，此处表示“推荐谁作为明星学生”， recommend as“推荐为”符合语境，would like to do sth“想要做某事”，所以空处用不定式。故填to recommend as。 8．句意：我们镇上许多家庭都有他们自己的汽车。 根据“Many families in our town have cars,,,”及备选词可知，应是是“属于他们自己的”汽车，of one’s own“某人自己的”，主语表复数，所以用their代替one’s。故填of their own。 9．句意：格林一家最近在为他们的健康问题担忧。根据“....health problems”及备选词可知，他们在担心健康问题，worry about“担忧”，结合“these days”可知，时态用现在进行时，主语表复数，be动词用are，谓语动词变成现在分词。故填are worrying about。 10．句意：这座宫殿有1000年的历史，非常值得参观。 根据“With a long history of 1000 years, ...well worth...”及备选词可知，此处指这座宫殿值得“参观”，visit“参观”，be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，空处用动名词。故填visiting。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $