Unit 3 Jobs 词汇 讲义2026-2027学年沪教版(五四学制）英语七年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“Jobs”主题，通过知识框架系统梳理核心词汇、词组短语及语法要点，用表格对比易混词（如“actor vs. actress”“hold vs. contain”），思维导图呈现语法结构（如“by doing”“as...as...”等核心句型），清晰展现重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如词性转换巩固词汇变形，语法填空聚焦“by doing”结构运用，中译英结合生活场景（如“送餐”“职业职责”），培养语言能力与思维品质。基础题夯实知识，综合题提升应用，助力不同层次学生自主复习，也为教师精准教学提供有效支持。

Unit 3 Jobs 词汇+音标+词义+例句+派生词+短语+例句+词性转换练习+语法填空练习+翻译 （6年级上册新沪教版五四制上海专用） 一、核心词汇（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 派生词+词汇拓展+....） 1. duty ★音标：/ˈdjuːti/ ★词性：n. ★词义：责任；义务；本分 ★例句：It is my duty to report it to the police. ★例句翻译：把这事报告给警方是我的责任。 ★拓展：duties (pl.) 职责；任务 ★同义词：responsibility (责任), obligation (义务) ★反义词：right (权利) ★常见搭配： ★ on duty 值班；值勤 ★ off duty 下班；不执勤 ★ duty free shop 免税商店 ★易混词： ★ right（权利）—— duty指应做的事，right指应享有的权益。 2. hold ★音标：/həʊld/ ★词性：v. ★词义：拿着；抓住；容纳；举行；保持（记录等） ★例句：She was holding a large box. ★例句翻译：她正拿着一个大箱子。 ★拓展：held (过去式/过去分词) ★同义词：grasp (抓住), contain (容纳), conduct (举行) ★反义词：release (释放) ★常见搭配： ★ hold on（电话用语）别挂断，等一下 ★ take hold of 抓住；拿着；握着 ★ hold a record 保持记录 ★易混词： ★ hold vs. contain —— hold强调"能容纳"，contain强调"包含有"。 3. guide ★音标：/ɡaɪd/ ★词性：n./v. ★词义：指南；导游；指导；指引 ★例句：The coach will guide them through a workout. ★例句翻译：教练将指导他们完成训练。 ★拓展：guidance (n. 指导) → guided (adj. 有指导的) ★同义词：lead (带领), direct (指引), manual (手册) ★反义词：mislead (误导) ★常见搭配： ★ travel guide 旅行手册 ★ tour guide 导游 ★易混词： ★ guide vs. lead —— guide强调"指引方向"，lead强调"带头走"。 4. service ★音标：/ˈsɜːvɪs/ ★词性：n. ★词义：服务 ★例句：The food was good but the service was poor. ★例句翻译：食物很好但服务很差。 ★拓展：serve (v. 服务) → servant (n. 服务员) ★同义词：help (帮助), assistance (协助) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ public service jobs 公共服务岗位 ★ room service 客房服务 ★易混词： ★ service vs. serve —— service是名词，serve是动词。 5. actor ★音标：/ˈæktə/ ★词性：n. ★词义：演员（常指男演员） ★例句：He is a famous actor in Hollywood. ★例句翻译：他是好莱坞的著名演员。 ★拓展：actress (n. 女演员) → act (v. 扮演) ★同义词：performer (表演者) ★反义词：audience (观众) ★常见搭配： ★ film actor 电影演员 ★易混词： ★ actor vs. actress —— actor常指男演员，actress指女演员（现代英语中actor也可统称）。 6. entertain ★音标：/ˌentəˈteɪn/ ★词性：v. ★词义：使娱乐；招待 ★例句：He entertained us with his jokes. ★例句翻译：他用笑话逗我们开心。 ★拓展：entertainment (n. 娱乐活动) ★同义词：amuse (逗乐), host (招待) ★反义词：bore (使无聊) ★常见搭配： ★ entertain audiences 使观众开心 ★易混词： ★ entertain vs. amuse —— entertain强调"招待/娱乐"，amuse强调"逗乐"。 7. line ★音标：/laɪn/ ★词性：n./v. ★词义：台词；排；行；排队 ★例句：She spent hours every day to recite her lines for the school play. ★例句翻译：她每天花几个小时为学校戏剧背台词。 ★拓展：liner (n. 班轮；划线者) ★同义词：row (排), queue (队) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ remember lines 记台词 ★ stand in a line 站成一排 ★ line up 排队 ★易混词： ★ line vs. row —— line指"线/行"，row特指"一排座位"。 8. role ★音标：/rəʊl/ ★词性：n. ★词义：角色；职能；地位；作用 ★例句：Parents play an important role in their children's lives. ★例句翻译：父母在孩子的生活中扮演重要角色。 ★拓展：roll (v. 滚动) —— 同音异义词 ★同义词：part (角色), function (功能) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ play a role in 在……中起作用 ★ main role 主角 ★易混词： ★ role vs. roll —— role指"角色"，roll指"滚动/卷"。 9. scene ★音标：/siːn/ ★词性：n. ★词义：现场；场景；片段；（戏剧或歌剧的）场 ★例句：Firefighters were on the scene immediately. ★例句翻译：消防员立即到达现场。 ★拓展：scenery (n. 风景) ★同义词：setting (场景), view (景色) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ film set 电影场景 ★ on the scene 在现场 ★易混词： ★ scene vs. scenery —— scene指"场景/现场"，scenery指"风景/景色"。 10. knowledge ★音标：/ˈnɒlɪdʒ/ ★词性：n. [U] ★词义：知识；学问 ★例句：Knowledge is power. ★例句翻译：知识就是力量。 ★拓展：knowledgeable (adj. 博学的；知识渊博的) ★同义词：wisdom (智慧), information (信息) ★反义词：ignorance (无知) ★常见搭配： ★ knowledge of biology and art 生物学和艺术的知识 ★ a wide range of knowledge 广泛的知识 ★易混词： ★ knowledge vs. information —— knowledge强调系统性的知识，information强调零散的信息。 11. biology ★音标：/baɪˈɒlədʒi/ ★词性：n. ★词义：生物学 ★例句：Biology is an important subject for understanding life. ★例句翻译：生物学是理解生命的重要学科。 ★拓展：biologist (n. 生物学家) → biological (adj. 生物学的) ★同义词：life science (生命科学) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ biology lesson 生物课 ★易混词： ★ biology vs. ecology —— biology研究生命本身，ecology研究生与环境的相互关系。 12. above ★音标：/əˈbʌv/ ★词性：prep./adv. ★词义：在……上面；超过；以上 ★例句：A score of 70 or above will get you an "A". ★例句翻译：70分以上的分数将得"A"。 ★拓展：above all (最重要的是；尤其是) ★同义词：over (在……上方), beyond (超出) ★反义词：below (在……下面) ★常见搭配： ★ high school or above 高中或以上学历 ★ above all 最重要的是 ★易混词： ★ above vs. over —— above强调"高于"，不一定是正上方；over强调"正上方"。 13. communication ★音标：/kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ ★词性：n. ★词义：交流；交际 ★例句：Good communication helps people understand each other better. ★例句翻译：良好的沟通帮助人们更好地理解彼此。 ★拓展：communicate (v. 交流) → communicative (adj. 善于交流的) ★同义词：interaction (互动), conversation (对话) ★反义词：silence (沉默) ★常见搭配： ★ communication skills 沟通技巧 ★ communicate with sb. 和某人沟通 ★易混词： ★ communication vs. conversation —— communication是泛指交流，conversation是具体对话。 14. curiosity ★音标：/ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ ★词性：n. ★词义：好奇心；求知欲 ★例句：The child showed healthy curiosity. ★例句翻译：这个孩子表现出健康的好奇心。 ★拓展：curious (adj. 好奇的) → be curious about (对……好奇) ★同义词：interest (兴趣), wonder (惊奇) ★反义词：indifference (漠不关心) ★常见搭配： ★ great curiosity about space 对太空极大的好奇心 ★ be curious about 对……好奇 ★易混词： ★ curiosity vs. interest —— curiosity强调"渴望知道"，interest强调"喜好"。 15. training ★音标：/ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：训练；培训 ★例句：She has a lot of experience in sports training. ★例句翻译：她在体育训练方面有很多经验。 ★拓展：train (v. 训练) → trainer (n. 教练) ★同义词：coaching (指导), exercise (锻炼) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ years of special training 多年的特殊训练 ★易混词： ★ training vs. practice —— training指系统性的培训，practice指反复练习。 16. taste ★音标：/teɪst/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：品尝；有……味道；味道；鉴赏力 ★例句：The soup tastes salty. ★例句翻译：汤尝起来是咸的。 ★拓展：tasty (adj. 美味的) ★同义词：flavour (味道), try (品尝) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ taste good together 搭配一起味道好 ★ sense of taste 味觉 ★ have good taste 有好品味 ★易混词： ★ taste vs. flavour —— taste是味觉感受，flavour是食物的综合风味。 17. maybe ★音标：/ˈmeɪbi/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：有可能（相当于perhaps） ★例句：Maybe he'll come, or maybe he won't. ★例句翻译：也许他会来，也许他不会。 ★拓展：may be (情态动词+be，表示"可能是") ★同义词：perhaps (也许), possibly (可能) ★反义词：certainly (肯定) ★常见搭配： ★ maybe... 也许…… ★易混词： ★ maybe vs. may be —— maybe是副词，用于句首；may be是谓语动词短语，在句中。 18. customer ★音标：/ˈkʌstəmə/ ★词性：n. ★词义：顾客；客户 ★例句：The customer asked the waiter for the menu. ★例句翻译：顾客向服务员要菜单。 ★拓展：custom (n. 习俗；光顾) → customize (v. 定制) ★同义词：client (客户), shopper (购物者) ★反义词：seller (卖家) ★常见搭配： ★ customers come in 顾客进来 ★易混词： ★ customer vs. client —— customer指商店顾客，client指服务类客户。 19. everything ★音标：/ˈevriθɪŋ/ ★词性：pron. ★词义：每样事物 ★例句：Everything useful should be kept well. ★例句翻译：所有有用的东西都应该妥善保存。 ★拓展：作主语时谓语动词用单数；和形容词连用时，形容词需后置 ★同义词：all (所有的), every single thing (每件事) ★反义词：nothing (没有) ★常见搭配： ★ everything is fresh 每样东西都是新鲜的 ★易混词： ★ everything vs. every thing —— everything为合成词，表示"全部"；every thing强调"每个事物"。 20. fresh ★音标：/freʃ/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：新鲜的；新的；新近的 ★例句：Make sure you eat plenty of good fresh food. ★例句翻译：确保你吃大量新鲜的好食物。 ★拓展：freshly (adv. 刚，新) ★同义词：new (新的), recent (最近的) ★反义词：stale (陈旧的), old (旧的) ★常见搭配： ★ fresh food 新鲜食物 ★ take a fresh look 重新审视 ★易混词： ★ fresh vs. new —— fresh强调"刚做好的/新鲜的"，new强调"全新的"。 21. travel ★音标：/ˈtrævl/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：旅行；奔波；传播 ★例句：I travel 30 kilometers to work every day. ★例句翻译：我每天奔波30公里去上班。 ★拓展：traveller (n. 旅行者) ★同义词：journey (旅行), trip (旅途) ★反义词：stay (停留) ★常见搭配： ★ travel long distances 长途奔波 ★ light travels faster than sound 光传播得比声音快 ★易混词： ★ travel vs. trip vs. journey —— travel泛指旅行行为，trip短途旅行，journey长途旅程。 22. exactly ★音标：/ɪɡˈzæktli/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：确切地；究竟；正是如此 ★例句：I know exactly how she felt. ★例句翻译：我完全知道她的感受。 ★拓展：exact (adj. 精确的) → exactness (n. 精确) ★同义词：precisely (精确地), just (恰好) ★反义词：roughly (大约地) ★常见搭配： ★ exactly 12:30 p.m. 下午12点30分准时 ★易混词： ★ exactly vs. certainly —— exactly强调"确切"，certainly强调"确定"。 23. ever ★音标：/ˈevə/ ★词性：adv. ★词义：在任何时候；从来（用于否定句和疑问句） ★例句：Don't you ever get tired? ★例句翻译：你难道从来没有累过吗？ ★拓展：forever (adv. 永远) ★同义词：at any time (任何时候) ★反义词：never (从不) ★常见搭配： ★ ever goes missing 会丢失 ★易混词： ★ ever vs. never —— ever用于疑问/否定句，never表示"从不"。 24. centre (AmE center) ★音标：/ˈsentə/ ★词性：n. ★词义：中心；商业中心区；文化中心区 ★例句：The school is right in the centre of the village. ★例句翻译：学校就在村子的正中心。 ★拓展：central (adj. 中心的) ★同义词：middle (中间), core (核心) ★反义词：edge (边缘) ★常见搭配： ★ shopping centre 购物中心 ★ community centre 社区中心 ★易混词： ★ centre vs. middle —— centre常指活动中心，middle指正中位置。 25. home-cooked ★音标：/ˌhəʊmˈkʊkt/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：家常的；自制的 ★例句：Home-cooked pizza tastes better than the one from the restaurant. ★例句翻译：自制的披萨比餐馆的好吃。 ★拓展：homemade (同义) ★同义词：homemade (自制的) ★反义词：store-bought (商店买的) ★常见搭配： ★ home-cooked meals 家常饭 ★易混词： ★ home-cooked vs. homemade —— 基本同义，home-cooked强调"烹饪方式"，homemade更泛指。 26. greeting ★音标：/ˈɡriːtɪŋ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：问候；致意 ★例句：She waved a friendly greeting. ★例句翻译：她挥手友好地打招呼。 ★拓展：greet (v. 打招呼；欢迎) → greeter (n. 迎宾员) ★同义词：salutation (问候), welcome (欢迎) ★反义词：farewell (告别) ★常见搭配： ★ a greeting from their family 来自家庭的问候 ★易混词： ★ greeting vs. greet —— greeting是名词，greet是动词。 27. distance ★音标：/ˈdɪstəns/ ★词性：n. ★词义：距离 ★例句：The market is within walking distance of my house. ★例句翻译：市场离我家步行可达。 ★拓展：distant (adj. 遥远的) ★同义词：length (长度), gap (间隔) ★反义词：proximity (邻近) ★常见搭配： ★ travel long distances 长途跋涉 ★易混词： ★ distance vs. length —— distance强调两地间隔，length强调物体长度。 28. method ★音标：/ˈmeθəd/ ★词性：n. ★词义：方法；措施 ★例句：This method of growing tomatoes never fails. ★例句翻译：这种种植西红柿的方法从不失败。 ★拓展：methodical (adj. 有条理的) ★同义词：way (方式), approach (方法) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ method to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事的方法 ★易混词： ★ method vs. way —— method较正式，way较口语化。 29. address ★音标：/əˈdres/ ★词性：n. ★词义：地址 ★例句：We use numbers and letters to remember the customers' addresses. ★例句翻译：我们用数字和字母记住顾客的地址。 ★拓展：address (v. 处理；向……致辞) ★同义词：location (地点) ★反义词：无 ★常见搭配： ★ home address 家庭住址 ★ email address 电子邮箱地址 ★ website address 网址 ★易混词： ★ address vs. location —— address是具体门牌号，location泛指地理位置。 30. deliver ★音标：/dɪˈlɪvə/ ★词性：v. ★词义：递送；发表；宣布 ★例句：The postman delivered the package to my door. ★例句翻译：邮递员把包裹送到我家门口。 ★拓展：delivery (n. 递送；递送的货物) ★同义词：send (发送), give (给予) ★反义词：receive (收到) ★常见搭配： ★ deliver meals 送餐 ★ deliver a speech 发表演讲 ★易混词： ★ deliver vs. send —— deliver强调"送到"，send强调"寄出"。 31. trust ★音标：/trʌst/ ★词性：n./v. ★词义：信任；信赖 ★例句：It takes time to build trust. ★例句翻译：建立信任需要时间。 ★拓展：trustworthy (adj. 值得信任的) → trustee (n. 受托人) ★同义词：faith (信念), rely on (依赖) ★反义词：distrust (不信任) ★常见搭配： ★ get back their trust 赢得他们的信任 ★易混词： ★ trust vs. believe —— trust强调"信赖"，believe强调"相信某事是真的"。 32. respect ★音标：/rɪˈspekt/ ★词性：v./n. ★词义：尊重 ★例句：She always shows respect to her elders. ★例句翻译：她总是对长辈表示尊重。 ★拓展：respectful (adj. 有礼貌的) → respectable (adj. 可敬的) ★同义词：admire (钦佩), honour (尊敬) ★反义词：disrespect (不尊重) ★常见搭配： ★ get back their respect 赢得他们的尊重 ★易混词： ★ respect vs. admire —— respect强调"尊重"，admire强调"钦佩"。 二、词组短语 1. job duties ★释义：工作职责 ★拓展：duty (n. 责任；义务) ★常见搭配：on duty（值班），off duty（下班） 2. career guidance workshop ★释义：职业指导工作坊 ★拓展：guidance (n. 指导) ← guide (v./n. 指导/导游) 3. public service jobs ★释义：公共服务岗位 ★拓展：service (n. 服务) ← serve (v. 服务) 4. by doing... ★释义：通过做……；通过某种方式 ★例句：He makes some money by washing the dishes at the restaurant. ★例句翻译：他通过在餐馆洗碗赚钱。 5. get to ★释义：到达 ★例句：Allow plenty of time to get to the airport. ★例句翻译：留出足够的时间到达机场。 ★拓展：= reach = arrive in+大地点/at+小地点 6. stay in shape ★释义：保持体型 ★拓展：stay (保持) + in shape (体型好) stay 可以作为系动词，如 stay fit/healthy 保持健康 7. take care of ★释义：处理；负责；照顾 ★例句：Don't worry. I'll take care of your problem. ★例句翻译：别担心，我会处理你的问题。 ★拓展：= look after = care for 8. what it takes to do... ★释义：做……需要哪些条件 ★例句：Find out what it takes to do the following jobs. ★例句翻译：了解做以下工作需要哪些条件。 9. high school or above ★释义：高中或以上学历 10. readiness to do sth. ★释义：乐意做某事 ★拓展：(be) ready to do（准备好做某事） 11. communication skills ★释义：沟通技巧 ★拓展：communicate with sb.（和某人沟通） 12. be curious about ★释义：对……好奇 ★拓展：curiosity (n. 好奇心) → curious (adj. 好奇的) 13. years of special training ★释义：多年的特殊训练 ★拓展：training (n. 训练) ← train (v. 训练) 14. as...as... ★释义：和……一样 ★例句：She is as tall as her mother. ★例句翻译：她和妈妈一样高。 ★拓展：否定式：not as...as 或 not so...as 15. on bikes / on foot ★释义：骑自行车 / 步行 ★例句：They bring meals on bikes or on foot. ★例句翻译：他们骑车或步行送餐。 ★拓展：on bikes = by bike 16. go missing ★释义：丢失；失踪 ★例句：The cat went missing yesterday. ★例句翻译：猫昨天失踪了。 ★拓展：go + adj. 表示状态变化（go bad, go cold等） 17. pick up ★释义：取走；接载；拿起；拾起 ★例句：We pick up lunch boxes at people's homes. ★例句翻译：我们从人们家里取走午餐盒。 18. sort out ★释义：分拣出；挑出 ★例句：Sort out any clothes you want to throw away. ★例句翻译：挑出你想扔掉的任何衣服。 ★拓展：sort out sth. / sort sth. out 19. in a set area ★释义：在固定区域内 ★拓展：set (adj. 安排好的；固定的) 20. serve people ★释义：为人们服务 ★拓展：serve (v.) + 宾语（直接接人/物） 21. get back ★释义：重新获得；找回 ★例句：We get back their trust and respect. ★例句翻译：我们重新获得他们的信任和尊重。 22. in the centre of ★释义：在……中心 ★拓展：centre (n. 中心) → central (adj. 中心的) 23. line up ★释义：排队 ★例句：Students lined up to visit the museum. ★例句翻译：学生排队参观博物馆。 24. play a role in ★释义：在……中扮演角色/起作用 ★例句：Parents play an important role in their children's lives. ★例句翻译：父母在孩子生活中扮演重要角色。 25. on the scene ★释义：在现场 ★例句：Firefighters were on the scene immediately. ★例句翻译：消防员立即到达现场。 26. take hold of ★释义：抓住；拿着；握着 ★例句：Mr Li took hold of the dog by its collar. ★例句翻译：李先生抓住了狗的项圈。 27. hold on ★释义：（电话用语）别挂断，等一下 ★例句：Can you hold on? I'll see if he's here. ★例句翻译：你能别挂断吗？我去看看他在不在。 28. above all ★释义：最重要的是；尤其是 ★例句：Above all, keep in touch. ★例句翻译：最重要的是，保持联系。 29. duty free shop ★释义：免税商店 ★拓展：duty作名词还可指"税；关税" 三、句子 1. What is an actor's job like on a work day? ★例句翻译：在工作日，演员做怎样的工作？ ★句式：What is...like? = How is...?（询问某人/某物的特征） 2. An actor entertains audiences by acting, singing or dancing. ★例句翻译：演员通过表演、唱歌或跳舞使观众开心。 ★句式：by doing...（通过做……） 3. We need to stay in shape. ★例句翻译：我们需要保持体型。 ★句式：need to do（需要做……） 4. Maybe that is why my food is never as good as yours! ★例句翻译：也许这就是为什么我做的食物永远没有你做的好吃！ ★句式：as...as...（和……一样） 5. It's not easy to travel long distances with a lunch box. ★例句翻译：带着午餐盒长途跋涉并不容易。 ★句式：It's + adj. + to do sth.（做某事是……的） 6. When in Mumbai, each of us delivers meals in a set area. ★例句翻译：在孟买，我们每个人都在固定区域内送餐。 ★句式：each of + 复数名词（……中的每一个） 7. The best part is when customers come in and enjoy my food. ★例句翻译：最美好的时刻是当顾客进来享用我做的食物时。 ★句式：表语从句（The best part is when...） 8. You need to know what things taste good together. ★例句翻译：你需要知道哪些东西搭配一起味道好。 ★句式：what引导的宾语从句 9. This method of growing tomatoes never fails. ★例句翻译：这种种植西红柿的方法从不失败。 ★句式：method of doing sth.（做某事的方法） 10. I know exactly how she felt. ★例句翻译：我完全知道她的感受。 ★句式：how引导的宾语从句 11. Don't you ever get tired? ★例句翻译：你难道从来没有累过吗？ ★句式：否定疑问句，表示惊讶或反问 12. To people working in the centre of Mumbai, home-cooked meals are like a greeting from their family. ★例句翻译：对于在孟买市中心工作的人们来说，家里做的饭就像是来自家庭的问候。 ★句式：现在分词作定语（working in the centre of Mumbai = who work in the centre of Mumbai） 13. What do you think of the new film? ★例句翻译：你认为新电影怎么样？ ★句式：询问印象/看法（What do you think of...?） 14. How do you find the new book? ★例句翻译：你觉得新书怎么样？ ★句式：询问印象/看法（How do you find...?） 15. What's your impression of the city? ★例句翻译：你对这个城市的印象是什么？ ★句式：询问印象/看法（What's your impression of...?） 四、语法 1. by doing 结构 ★结构：介词by + 动名词（doing） ★用法：表示"通过做……的方式" ★例句：He makes money by washing the dishes. ★例句翻译：他通过洗碗赚钱。 ★拓展：by后接名词也可，如by bike, by car 2. as...as... 结构 ★结构：as + 形容词/副词原级 + as ★用法：表示"和……一样" ★例句：She is as tall as her mother. ★例句翻译：她和妈妈一样高。 ★否定式：not as...as / not so...as ★例句：My food is never as good as yours. ★例句翻译：我做的食物永远没有你做的好吃。 3. It's + 形容词 + (for/of sb.) + to do sth. ★结构：It + be + adj. + (for/of sb.) + to do ★用法：表示"（对于某人来说）做某事是……的" ★介词for：形容词评价动作（easy, difficult, important, necessary等） ★例句：It's necessary for us to recite more words. ★例句翻译：对我们来说背诵更多单词是必要的。 ★介词of：形容词评价人的品质（kind, foolish, friendly, nice等） ★例句：It's kind of you to help me. ★例句翻译：你来帮助我真是太好了。 4. 宾语从句（陈述句语序） ★定义：作谓语的宾语，要用陈述句语序 ★例句：You need to know what things taste good together. ★例句翻译：你需要知道哪些东西搭配一起味道好。 ★原问句：What do things taste good together?（疑问句语序） ★宾语从句：what things taste good together（陈述句语序） ★例句：Find out what it takes to do the following jobs. ★例句翻译：了解做以下工作需要哪些条件。 5. 现在分词作定语 ★结构：现在分词（doing）放在名词后作定语 ★用法：相当于一个定语从句 ★例句：To people working in the centre of Mumbai... ★例句翻译：对于在孟买市中心工作的人们…… ★分解：people working... = people who work... 6. 系动词+形容词（状态变化） ★结构：系动词 + 形容词（表示状态变化） ★常见系动词：get, go, grow, become, turn, keep, stay ★例句：The cat went missing yesterday. ★例句翻译：猫昨天失踪了。 ★拓展：go bad（变坏），go cold（变冷） 7. need 用法对比 ★（1）行为动词： ★ need + n. / need to do ★ 否定式：don't/doesn't/didn't need... ★ 例句：He needs to travel by taxi. ★ 否定：He doesn't need to travel by taxi. ★（2）情态动词： ★ need do（无人称/数变化） ★ 否定式：needn't do ★ 例句：You needn't wash the car. It's raining. 8. maybe 与 may be 的区别 ★maybe（副词）→ "也许"，用于句首 ★例句：Maybe he'll come. ★may be（情态动词+be）→ "可能是"，在句中作谓语 ★例句：He may be in the office. 9. 询问印象/看法的句型 ★What do you think of...? ★How do you like...? ★What's your impression of...? ★What are your thoughts on...? ★How do you find...? 10. 回应印象/看法的方式 ★（1）提供总体印象：I think the film is fantastic! ★（2）表达喜欢/不喜欢：I don't like online learning. ★（3）提出具体观点：I find the book quite informative. ★（4）提供详细描述：The film was okay, but the plot was a bit predictable. 11. hold 的多种用法 ★（1）拿着：She was holding a large box. ★（2）容纳：The plane holds about 300 passengers. ★（3）举行：The meeting will be held in the community centre. ★（4）保持记录：Who holds the world record? 12. ever 的用法 ★用于否定句/疑问句，表示"在任何时候；从来" ★例句：Don't you ever get tired? ★例句：If you're ever in Shanghai, give me a call. 13. everything 的用法 ★作主语时，谓语用单数 ★和形容词连用时，形容词后置 ★例句：Everything useful should be kept well. 14. can 作为情态动词的多重含义 ★（1）能力：I can run fast. ★（2）允许：You can take the car. ★（3）请求允许：Can I take you home? ★（4）请求帮助：Can you feed the cat? ★（5）可能（否定句中表"肯定不真实"）：That can't be Mary. 【配套练习】 （基于最新本单元内容） 一、词性转换（20题） 请用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. It is my __________ (duty) to take care of my younger sister. 2. The teacher __________ (hold) a class meeting yesterday afternoon. 3. Our tour __________ (guide) led us through the busy streets. 4. The __________ (serve) in this restaurant is excellent. 5. The famous __________ (act) will perform in the new film. 6. His jokes __________ (entertain) all the guests at the party. 7. She spent two hours __________ (recite) her lines for the school play. 8. Our biology teacher is very __________ (knowledge) about plants. 9. Good __________ (communicate) helps people understand each other better. 10. The child showed great __________ (curious) about everything around him. 11. She has received years of special __________ (train) as a nurse. 12. This soup __________ (taste) delicious. Could you tell me the recipe? 13. He knows __________ (exact) where to find the best ingredients. 14. The postman __________ (deliver) the package to my door yesterday. 15. We should show __________ (respect) to our teachers and parents. 16. She waved a friendly __________ (greet) to her neighbours. 17. The market is within walking __________ (distant) of my house. 18. This __________ (method) of cooking is very popular in my family. 19. We need to take a __________ (fresh) look at this problem. 20. He is a __________ (truth) boy and never tells lies. 二、语法填空（2篇，每篇10空） 1：A Career Workshop Last Friday, our school (1)__________ (hold) a career guidance workshop for students. The speaker told us about different (2)__________ (job) duties and what it takes to do them well. She said that an actor (3)__________ (entertain) audiences by acting, singing or dancing. A cook needs (4)__________ (know) what things taste good together. A postman needs to deliver meals (5)__________ bikes or on foot. She also talked about the importance of good (6)__________ (communicate) skills. She said, "It is necessary for you (7)__________ (find) out what you are truly interested in." I was very (8)__________ (curiosity) about the job of a tour guide. After the workshop, I (9)__________ (decide) to take up a new hobby and learn more about different cultures. I believe that (10)__________ (honest) and hard work are the keys to success. 2：A Special Delivery Job In Mumbai, there is a special group of people (1)__________ (deliver) home-cooked meals to workers. Every morning, they (2)__________ (pick) up lunch boxes at people's homes by bike. Then they meet at the railway station (3)__________ (sort) the boxes out. They use colours, numbers and letters to remember (4)__________ (customer) names and addresses. (5)__________ (travel) long distances with a lunch box is not easy, but they work hard to serve people. The streets can be busy, (6)__________ they never give up. Each of them (7)__________ (deliver) meals in a set area. To people (8)__________ (work) in the centre of Mumbai, home-cooked meals are like a greeting from their family. The workers get back their (9)__________ (trust) and respect. "Our method is simple (10)__________ works well," one of them said. 三、中译英（10题） 请将下列句子翻译成英语，尽量使用本课所学词汇。 1. 把这事报告给警察是我的责任。 _________________________________________________________________________ 2. 我们将在社区中心举行会议。 _________________________________________________________________________ 3. 她通过每天练习钢琴来提高自己。 _________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我每天骑自行车上学只需要10分钟。 _________________________________________________________________________ 5. 留出足够的时间到达机场。 _________________________________________________________________________ 6. 我需要知道这些食物搭配在一起味道如何。 _________________________________________________________________________ 7. 做这件事对我来说不容易。 _________________________________________________________________________ 8. 她非常好奇关于太空的一切。 _________________________________________________________________________ 9. 我们努力工作为人们服务，并赢得他们的信任和尊重。 _________________________________________________________________________ 10. 你认为这个新电影怎么样？ _________________________________________________________________________ 四、选词填空（10题） 从方框中选择正确的词或短语完成句子（注意变形）。 take care of get to stay in shape as...as play a role in go missing pick up sort out in the centre of above all 1. Don't worry. I will __________ your problem while you are away. 2. It usually takes me 30 minutes to __________ the airport. 3. We need to exercise every day to __________. 4. She is __________ tall __________ her mother. 5. Parents __________ an important role __________ their children's lives. 6. My cat __________ yesterday and I haven't found it yet. 7. Could you __________ my luggage from the station? 8. I need to __________ my old clothes and decide which to keep. 9. The school is right __________ the village. 10. __________, keep in touch with your family. 答案 词性转换答案： 1. duty 2. held 3. guide 4. service 5. actor 6. entertained 7. reciting 8. knowledgeable 9. communication 10. curiosity 11. training 12. tastes 13. exactly 14. delivered 15. respect 16. greeting 17. distance 18. method 19. fresh 20. truthful 语法填空答案： 1: 1. held 2. jobs' 3. entertains 4. to know 5. on 6. communication 7. to find 8. curious 9. decided 10. honesty 2: 1. deliver 2. pick 3. to sort 4. customers' 5. Travelling 6. but 7. delivers 8. working 9. trust 10. but 中译英答案： 1. It is my duty to report it to the police. 2. We will hold the meeting in the community centre. 3. She improves herself by practising the piano every day. 4. It only takes me 10 minutes to go to school by bike every day. 5. Allow plenty of time to get to the airport. 6. I need to know what things taste good together. 7. It's not easy for me to do this thing. 8. She is very curious about everything about space. 9. We work hard to serve people and get back their trust and respect. 10. What do you think of the new film? 选词填空答案： 1. take care of 2. get to 3. stay in shape 4. as; as 5. play; in 6. went missing 7. pick up 8. sort out 9. in the centre of 10. Above all 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $