摘要:
该初中英语Unit7 A Good Read重点语法讲义通过框架图系统构建现在完成时知识体系,涵盖结构(肯定句、否定句、疑问句)、两种核心意义及already、yet等时间副词用法,并用表格对比副词位置差异,列表呈现规则与不规则动词过去分词变化,清晰呈现重难点内在联系。
讲义亮点在于结合“好书阅读”主题设计语法应用实例,如分析“Yaming has read all of the Harry Potter books”巩固时态结构,通过classic/classical等词汇辨析及prefer A to B短语指导培养语言能力与思维品质。基础学生可掌握时态规则,优秀学生能深化语境应用,助力教师实施分层教学,支持学生自主复习。
内容正文:
人教版八年级下册英语Unit7 A Good Read重点语法讲义
语法:现在完成时(already,yet,never,ever,just)
现在完成时态的结构:“have/has+过去分词”
肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词十其他
否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词十其他
一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语十过去分词+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主+have/has.否定回答:No,主+haven't/hasn't.
意义:
1.表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响。常和just(刚刚))already(已经))yet(已经),never(从不))ever(曾经))before(以前))so far(迄今为止)等时间状语连用。
2.表示从过去的某一时间开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态,通常和for+时间段,since+时间点)since+时间段+ago)since+从句(过去式)连用。
①使用的动词通常是延续性动词。
②使用表示时间段的状语,通常由for或since引导。
注意:
already常用肯定句(have之后)过去分词之前,也可放在句末
yet疑问句(已经)否定句(还,仍然)放在句末
动词的过去分词的变化规则:
1.规则动词
①一般在动词词尾直接加-ed(work-worked-worked)
②以不发音的“e”结尾的动词,直接加-d(like-liked-liked)
③以“辅音字母加y”结尾的动词,将y变为酒加-ed(study-studied-studied)
④重读闭音节,结尾,未尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母再加-ed(drop-dropped-dropped)
2.不规则动词come-came-come
重点句子语法考点
Section A
1. share your thoughts about great books you have read
explore classic literature and develop an interest in reading (p 61)
考点:
classic:adj. 经典的(文艺、书籍)→ classic novels 经典小说
classical:adj. 古典的(音乐、艺术)→ classical music 古典音乐
develop an interest in...培养对…… 的兴趣
share thoughts about… 畅谈关于…… 的看法
二.The types of novels : (p 62)
romance novel 爱情小说 science fiction (sci-fi)科幻小说 detective novel 侦探小说detective story 侦探短篇 mystery fiction 悬疑小说 horror fiction 恐怖小说
historical novel历史小说 fantasy奇幻小说 realistic fiction 现实主义小说
三. In The Three-Body Problem, aliens are planning to attack the earth.
Yaming has read all of the Harry Potter books.Yaming has chosen Journey to the West for his book report.Around the World in Eighty Days is about adventures in different countries
How did you find it?/ Have you heard of...?(p 62)
考点:
choose … for one’s book report选《....》做读书报告。
choose sth for… 选某物用来做……(choose–chose–chosen )
hear of:听说(间接知道)
hear from:收到…… 来信
attack sth/sb.攻击某人
under attack 受到攻击
四.type of novel小说类型; cover art 封面艺术 main subject(s) of the book本书的主要主题(或多个主要主题) the book cover 这本书的封面(p 63)
五.a classic historical fiction novel
a classic social novel
Three kingdoms fought one another for over 100 years.A young boy is forced to steal things.
In the end, the bad people are punished, and the boy has a better life. (p 63)
考点:
①historical /hɪˈstɒrɪkl/ adj. 历史的;与历史有关的→historic /hɪˈstɒrɪk/ adj. 有历史意义的;历史性的→historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/ n. 历史学家
②social /ˈsəʊʃl/ adj. 社会的;社交的→society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会;社团→socially /ˈsəʊʃəli/ adv. 在社交方面;在社会上→sociable /ˈsəʊʃəbl/ adj. 善于交际的;合群的
常用搭配social life 社交生活social problem 社会问题in society 在社会中
③fight →fought→fought
fight one another 互相争斗
fight for 为…… 而战;fight against 对抗
④force
1. n. 力量;武力;体力
by force 靠武力;强行air force 空军
2.v. 强迫,迫使
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
例:Don't force kids to learn. 别强迫孩子学习。
be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事(被动语态)
例:The boy is forced to steal. 这个男孩被迫偷窃。
语法考点:被动语态: be 动词+V.过去分词
六.What have you read recently, Fu Xing?It's a fantasy classic about a girl who gets lost in a magical world.I’ve always preferred the book to the movie.She drinks from a bottle and grows smaller...And this story is about growing up. I find it interesting.(p 64)
考点:
①get lost 迷路;走失
例:The girl gets lost in a magical world. 女孩在魔法世界里迷了路。
②prefer v..较喜欢
1. prefer A to B比起 B,更喜欢 A
例句:I prefer tea to coffee. 比起咖啡,我更喜欢茶。
2. prefer doing A to doing B:比起做 B 事,更喜欢做 A 事
to 是介词,后面必须接 doing(动名词)
例句:He prefers walking to riding bikes. 比起骑车,他更喜欢步行。
3. prefer to do sth.宁愿 / 更喜欢做某事(单一动作)
例句:I prefer to stay at home. 我宁愿待在家里。
4. prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做 A,也不愿做 B
例句:She prefers to read rather than watch TV. 她宁愿看书也不愿看电视。
③drink from... 从…… 中饮用
④grow smaller 变小
拓展:grow + 形容词 变得……(表状态变化)
同类:grow tall 长高,grow old 变老
⑤a story about doing sth. 一个关于做某事的故事
⑥find it + adj. (+ to do) 发现(做某事)……
原句:I find it interesting. 我觉得它很有趣。
(it 作形式宾语,真正宾语可后置补充)
七.It's such a simple story, but you can learn a lot from it!At the start of this year, I decided to read books from as many countries as possible. In the past, I only knew the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. read all four Chinese literary classics watched a movie based on a novel (p 65)
考点:
①such a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词
如此…… 的一个……
例:such a simple story 如此简单的一个故事
辨析考点:such / so
such + (a/an) + adj. + n.
so + adj./adv. + (a/an) + n.
例:so simple a story = such a simple story
②at the start of 在…… 开始时=at the beginning of(常考替换)
③decide to do sth. 决定做某事派生词:decision n. 决定;make a decision 做决定
④as many + 复数名词 + as possible 尽可能多的……
结构:as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as possible 尽可能……
⑤in the past 在过去(时态标志词,常搭配一般过去时)
⑥a little bit 一点儿;稍微(修饰形容词 / 副词)
⑦so far 到目前为止(现在完成时标志词)
⑧Chinese literary classics 中国四大文学名著
⑨be based on 以…… 为基础;
短语:a movie based on a novel 由小说改编的电影
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