Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A 知识点+语法讲义 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

本初中英语讲义聚焦Unit 6 Crossing Cultures的Section A，核心知识点涵盖高频动词短语shake hands及其拓展用法，embarrassed与embarrassing等-ed/-ing形容词辨析，uncommon的反义及搭配，国家-国人词性转换，以及so…that、unless、as soon as等语法结构，形成从词汇到语法的递进学习支架。 该资料特色在于高频考点标注与系统拓展，如shake的名词用法、-ed/-ing形容词对比表及国家-国人转换表，结合随堂小练习和语法当堂测。通过对比辨析提升语言能力，融入跨文化词汇培养文化意识，分层练习助力学习能力提升，课中辅助教师授课，课后帮助学生查漏补缺。

新人教版英语八年级下册教材同步辅导 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures Section A How different are our cultures? 课文知识点及扩展 1. shake hands 握手 （教材 P52 1a） （高频考点） shake /ʃeɪk/ v. 与（某人）握手；摇动。过去式为 shook，过去分词为 shaken。 shake hands 握手 shake one’s head 摇头 May I shake hands with you? 我能和你握个手吗？ Shake the bottle before you open it. 打开瓶子之前先摇一摇。 If you don’t agree, shake your head. 你如果不同意，摇摇头。 【拓展】 shake 的其他用法： [名词] 摇动，抖动 She picked up a bottle of water and gave it a shake. 她拿起一瓶水，摇了摇。 [名词] 奶昔 I'd like a strawberry milk shake. 我想要一杯草莓奶昔。 【随堂小练习】 1.He _________ (shake) my hand and said hello to me just now. 2.The boy __________ (shake) the box to see what’s inside. 3.If you are nervous, your hands might _________ (shake) a little. 4.—What would you like to drink? —I’d like a banana ______. It’s my favorite. A. shake B. hand C. bottle D. head 5.—Why did she ______ her head just now? —Because she didn’t agree with our plan. A. shark B. shock C. snake D. shake 2. ① embarrassed 尴尬的 （教材 P52 1b） ② But it is embarrassing! 但这很尴尬！ （教材 P55 4a） 辨析：embarrassed 与 embarrassing embarrassed 常用于表达人的主观感受，在句中常作表语，可与介词 about 或 at 连用，表示 “因…… 而感到尴尬”。 embarrassing 常修饰事/物，表示事物的性质或特征。 He was embarrassed because he made a mistake. 他因为出错而显得窘迫。 I felt embarrassed about/at his unexpected question. 我因他出乎意料的问题而感到尴尬。 He asked several embarrassing questions at the meeting. 他在会上提了几个令人尴尬的问题。 【拓展】此类形容词高频词表（按中考出现频率排序） 动词 / 词根 -ed 形容词 （人感到…） -ing 形容词 （事物令人…） 例句对比 interest 感兴趣 interested 感兴趣的 interesting 有趣的 1. I am interested in history. 2. This book is very interesting. excite 使兴奋 excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋的 1. The kids were excited about the trip. 2. The news is really exciting. surprise 使惊讶 surprised 惊讶的 surprising 令人惊讶的 1. I was surprised to see him. 2. It’s a surprising result. bore 使厌烦 bored 感到无聊的 boring 令人厌烦的 1. I felt bored during the class. 2. The movie was so boring. tire 使疲劳 tired 感到疲惫的 tiring 令人疲惫的 1. She is tired after work. 2. The trip was really tiring. relax 使放松 relaxed 感到放松的 relaxing 令人放松的 1. I feel relaxed on weekends. 2. Music is relaxing. frighten 使害怕 frightened 感到害怕的 frightening 令人害怕的 1. The little girl was frightened. 2. That was a frightening story. worry 使担心 worried 感到担心的 worrying 令人担心的 1. She is worried about her exam. 2. It’s a worrying situation. disappoint 使失望 disappointed 感到失望的 disappointing 令人失望的 1. I was disappointed with the result. 2. The team had a disappointing game. please 使愉快 pleased 感到高兴的 pleasing 令人愉快的 1. She was pleased with her new dress. 2. The view is pleasing to the eye. 3. Dishes with beef are common/uncommon. （教材 P53 2a） 含牛肉的菜肴是常见的 / 不常见的。 uncommon /ʌnˈkɒmən/ adj. 罕见的；不寻常的 Red squirrels are uncommon in England. 红松鼠在英格兰很少见。 It is not uncommon for students to do some housework. 学生做家务并不少见。 【拓展】 (1) common [形容词] 普遍的，常见的 With the development of technology, space travel will be a common thing. 随着技术的发展，太空旅行将成为一件普遍的事。 (2) have sth. in common (with sb.) (与某人) 有共同之处 All the mothers have one thing in common: full love in their eyes, bright light in their hearts. 所有的母亲都有一个共同点：眼中充满爱，心中充满光。（岳阳中考） 【随堂小练习】 1. It is __________ (常见的) to see teenagers use mobile phones. 2.Snow is __________ (罕见的) in southern China in winter. 3.These two stories have nothing in __________ (共同的). 4.It is __________ (uncommon) for teenagers to play sports every day. 5.My sister and I have a lot __________ common. We both love painting. 4. What special foods do Indian people often eat? 印度人常吃哪些特色食物？（教材 P53 2d） Indian /ˈɪndiən/ adj. 印度的；印度人的 n. 印度人 (1) [形容词] 印度的；印度人的 An Indian girl made a small bike by herself. 一个印度女孩自己做了一辆小自行车。 (2) [名词] 印度人 复数形式为 Indians。 For the film, he played an Indian. 出于影片需要，他扮演一个印度人。 【国家-国人词性转换】 国家 国人 / 形容词 India印度 Indian(s)印度人；印度的 America美国 American(s)美国人；美国的 Australia澳大利亚 Australian(s)澳大利亚人；澳大利亚的 Canada加拿大 Canadian(s)加拿大人；加拿大的 Russia俄罗斯 Russian(s)俄罗斯人；俄罗斯的 Germany德国 German(s)德国人；德国的 Africa非洲 African(s)非洲人；非洲的 Asia亚洲 Asian(s)亚洲人；亚洲的 Europe欧洲 European(s)欧洲人；欧洲的 Italy 意大利 Italian(s) 意大利人；意大利的 Korea 韩国 Korean(s) 韩国人；韩国的 特殊变化（初中必考易错） China 中国 Chinese中国人 单复同形 Japan 日本 Japanese日本人 单复同形 England / UK 英国 English / Englishman/ Englishmen英格兰；英国 France 法国 French / Frenchman/Frenchmen法国；法国人 【随堂小练习】 1.He comes from ____________ (印度), and he is _____________ Indian. 2.There are three _____________ (亚洲人) in the classroom. 3.He met two _____________ (Japan) on his trip to Tokyo. 4.She is an _____________ (America) girl, but she lives in China. 5.Many _____________ (Italian) come to China to learn Chinese every year. 5.But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. （教材 P55 4c） 但一旦习惯了这种情况，我就变得更加好奇，并对学习那里的文化感兴趣。 be/get used to 习惯于.... to 在此处为介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词- ing 形式作宾语。 You will soon be/get used to the weather here. 你很快就会适应这里的天气。 The old people are used to buying daily things around the neighborhood. 老人们习惯在小区附近购买日常用品。（岳阳中考） 【辨析be/get used to (doing) sth. &used to do sth. 】 be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于 (做) 某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 Mr Johnson is/gets used to eating with chopsticks. 约翰逊先生习惯了用筷子吃东西。 He used to go to sleep at 9 o’clock in the evening. 他过去常常在晚上 9 点钟睡觉。 【随堂小练习】 1.I am used to __________ (drink) a cup of milk before going to bed every night. 2.My father is used to __________ (walk) for an hour after dinner. 3.She used to __________ (live) in the countryside, but now she lives in the city. 4.The children are used to __________ (get) up early on school days. 5.He used to __________ (play) basketball every weekend, but now he has no time. Section A Grammar Focus 语法点 1 so…that 的用法 so…that意为 “如此…… 以至于”，引导结果状语从句，其中 so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词，结构为 “so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句”。 He worked so hard that he passed the exam. 他学习很努力，因此通过了这次考试。 He was so worried that he didn’t sleep well last night. 他如此焦虑以至于昨晚没睡好。 【拓展】 (1) so…that 结构有时可与 “too + 形容词 / 副词 + to do…（太…… 而不能做某事）” 及 “not + 形容词 / 副词 + enough to do…（不够…… 而不能做某事）” 结构相互转换。 这个人如此虚弱以至于不能游过那条河。 The man is so weak that he can’t swim across the river. The man is too weak to swim across the river. The man is not strong enough to swim across the river. （Tip：enough 所修饰的词与 so/too 所修饰的词意思相反。） （注：weak 与 strong 互为反义词） (2) such…that 也可引导结果状语从句，但 such 修饰名词（短语），结构为： ① “such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + that 从句” ② “such + 形容词 + 复数名词 / 不可数名词 + that 从句”。 This is such an important problem that we should take it seriously. 这个问题十分重要，我们应该认真对待。 They are such lovely toys that I want to buy all of them. 它们是如此可爱的玩具，我想把它们都买下来。 语法点 2 unless 的用法 unless 意为 “除非；如果不”，引导条件状语从句，如果主句为一般将来时、祈使句或主句谓语含有情态动词，从句常用一般现在时表将来。 Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go camping. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去野营。（主将从现） Don’t watch TV unless you finish your homework. 除非你完成家庭作业，否则不要看电视。（主祈从现） You should stick to taking exercise unless you do not care about your health. 你应该坚持锻炼，除非你不在乎你的健康。（主情从现） 【拓展】通常情况下，unless 可与 if…not 结构进行转换。 Unless we are careful, we can’t do our work well. = If we are not careful, we can’t do our work well. 如果不仔细的话，我们就不能把工作做好。 语法点 3 as soon as 的用法 as soon as 意为 “一…… 就……”，引导时间状语从句。若主句是一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时表示将来。（主将从现） I will do my homework as soon as I finish the meal. 我一吃完饭就写家庭作业。 We chose the house for our home as soon as we saw it. 我们一看见这座房子，就选它作为我们的家。 语法当堂测（满分100分） 一、单项选择题（5×10=50） 1.The movie was ______ moving ______ many people cried while watching it. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 2.She is ______ a kind girl ______ everyone likes her. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. very; that 3.You will miss the early bus ______ you hurry up. A. if B. unless C. because D. when 4.He will call you ______ he arrives in Beijing. A. as soon as B. since C. while D. though 5.The box is ______ heavy ______ I can’t carry it by myself. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that D. enough; to 6.It is ______ interesting story ______ all the children love it. A. so; that B. such an; that C. so an; that D. such; that 7.You can’t go out to play ______ you finish your homework. A. if B. unless C. when D. because 8.He ______ his homework as soon as he ______ home. A. does; gets B. will do; gets C. does; will get D. will do; will get 9.The problem is ______ difficult ______ few students can solve it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to 10.They will have a picnic ______ it rains this weekend. A. if B. unless C. because D. though 二、语法填空题（5×10=50） 1.The little boy was so __________ (excite) that he couldn’t sleep all night. 2.The film is _______ wonderful that I want to watch it again. 3.She will not pass the exam unless she__________ (study) hard. 4.She will send me a message _____________（一...就....） she reaches Shanghai. 5.The music is so __________ (loud) that I can’t hear you clearly. 6.You should _________ (stay) at home unless you ____________ (finish) your homework. 7.Unless it __________ (stop) raining, we can’t go hiking tomorrow. 8.He __________ (buy) a new computer as soon as he __________ (get) his salary next month. 9.The girl was so __________ (tire) that she fell asleep immediately. 10.It is __________ (such/so) a beautiful day that we decide to go to the park. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $