Unit 8 Imagine that! 知识清单（背诵版+默写版）2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 8内容，涵盖核心词汇（词形变换、搭配及例句）、核心词组（搭配及仿写）、核心语法（原因状语从句基础用法、拓展辨析及练习）和单元书面表达（框架、素材、范文及模板），搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单以结构化设计构建知识体系，如核心词汇表含音标、词性等多维度信息，语法部分设易混辨析表对比because/as/since用法，写作提供填空模板适配三段式叙事。通过默写填空、仿写练习等设计，培养学生语言能力与思维品质，不同基础学生可高效掌握要点，教师能据此精准教学，提升课堂实效。

沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 8 Imagine that! 知识清单（背诵版） 目录 一、核心词汇（词形变换+搭配+例句） ……………………………2 二、核心词组（搭配+例句）…………………………………………4 三、核心语法：原因状语从句 ………………………………………5 （一）语法点一基础用法 …………………………………………5 （二）语法点二拓展用法 …………………………………………5 （三）易混语法辨析 ………………………………………………6 （四）语法练习题 …………………………………………………6 四、单元书面表达总结（写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板）………7 （一）写作框架梳理 ………………………………………………7 （二）高分词汇/词组………………………………………………7 （三）参考范文 ……………………………………………………7 （四）写作模板 ……………………………………………………8 一、核心词汇（词形变换+搭配+例句） 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 词形变形 课内例句 alien /ˈeɪliən/ n. 外星人；外星生物 复数：aliens The children saw a tall alien in the forest last night. astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ n. 宇航员 复数：astronauts Two astronauts got lost in the Bird World during the task. dive /daɪv/ v. 俯冲；潜水 过去式：dived；现在分词：diving The yellow light suddenly dived towards the ground at midnight. bush /bʊʃ/ n. 灌木；灌木丛 复数：bushes They hid behind some bushes to watch the alien quietly. mention /ˈmenʃn/ v. 提到；说起 过去式：mentioned；名词：mention Tina mentioned the strange light to her brother the next morning. frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/ adj. 害怕的；受惊的 动词：frighten；名词：fright The kids were frightened when another alien appeared nearby. ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 比较级：uglier；最高级：ugliest Tina thought the aliens were very ugly after seeing them. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝；不肯接受 名词：refusal；过去式：refused Dad refused to believe the children’s story about aliens. dimension /daɪˈmenʃn/ n. 维；维度 复数：dimensions The Time Traveller talked about the four dimensions of space. nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/ n. 胡说；废话 不可数名词 Filby thought the idea of time travel was total nonsense. vague /veɪɡ/ adj. 模糊的；不明确的 副词：vaguely；比较级：vaguer He had a vague idea of making a machine for time travel long ago. disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望 形容词：disappointed；名词：disappointment I don’t want to disappoint my teacher by failing the exam. destiny /ˈdestəni/ n. 命运；天命 复数：destinies The novel discusses the destiny of human beings in the universe. argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ v. 争论；争辩 名词：argument；过去式：argued They often argue about whether alien life exists in space. 二、核心词组（搭配+例句） ① wake up 醒来；唤醒 释义：多用于描述人从睡眠状态苏醒，本单元用于故事开篇场景 课内原句：Tina woke up at midnight. 仿写：I usually wake up at seven o’clock in the morning. ② dive towards 俯冲朝向…… 释义：特指物体快速向下、朝着某处俯冲降落 课内原句：It suddenly dived towards the ground. 仿写：The eagle dived towards the small animal on the grass. ③ mention ... to ... 向……提起/说起…… 释义：固定搭配，后面接人或事物，日常高频口语短语 课内原句：The next morning, Tina mentioned it to her brother Tom. 仿写：Don’t mention this problem to our teacher for now. ④ keep quiet 保持安静；保持沉默 释义：侧重刻意压低声音、不发出声响，适配隐蔽场景 课内原句：so they hid behind some bushes and kept quiet. 仿写：Please keep quiet when you are reading in the library. ⑤ in fear 惊恐地；害怕地 释义：副词性短语，修饰动作，等同于 afraid 课内原句：The children ran away in fear. 仿写：The little dog ran away in fear after seeing the big cat. ⑥ because of 因为；由于 释义：后接名词、代词或名词短语，表客观原因 课内原句：The spaceship was damaged because of a crash. 仿写：We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain. ⑦ refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 释义：固定动词搭配，后接动词原形 课内原句：I refuse to believe you. 仿写：He refused to give up his dream of becoming an astronaut. ⑧ from the cradle to the grave 从生到死；一生 释义：书面固定俗语，多用于科普、文学类文本 课内原句：Our thoughts pass along the Time-Dimension from the cradle to the grave. 仿写：Everyone will face different difficulties from the cradle to the grave. ⑨ speed up 加速；加快速度 释义：动副短语，反义词组：slow down 减速 仿写：We need to speed up if we don’t want to miss the school bus. ⑩ move about 四处走动；四处活动 释义：侧重无固定方向的自由移动 仿写：The astronauts can’t move about freely in the small spaceship. 三、核心语法：原因状语从句 （一）语法点一基础用法 本单元语法核心为原因状语从句，用来解释主句动作发生的原因，是八下单元考、中考高频基础考点。 1. 常用引导词及基本含义 ① because：语气最强，直接回答why提出的问题，侧重直接、客观的因果关系；可置于主句前后。 例句：The spaceship couldn’t fly because it was badly damaged. ② as：语气偏弱，侧重显而易见、双方已知的原因，多用于书面语。 例句：As it was too late, Tina and Tom decided to go the next day. ③ since：语气最弱，侧重已知、无需过多解释的原因，翻译为“既然”。 例句：Since no one else saw the aliens, their father refused to believe them. 2. 基础句式结构 结构1（从句后置，最常用）：主句 + because/as/since + 原因状语从句 结构2（从句前置）：Because/As/Since + 原因状语从句，+ 主句（前置必须加逗号隔开） （二）语法点二拓展用法 1. because of 介词短语表原因 只能后接名词、名词短语、代词，绝对不能接完整句子，这是本单元最大易错点。 例句：The spaceship stopped working because of the serious crash. 2. 特殊使用禁忌 英语中because不能与so连用，两个连词二选一即可，属于必考改错考点。 错误：Because it rained, so we stayed at home. 正确：It rained, so we stayed at home. （三）易混语法辨析 辨析对象 适用结构 语气强弱 使用场景 because 后接完整句子 最强 回答why提问，强调直接因果 as/since 后接完整句子 较弱 已知原因，书面写作常用 because of 后接名词/短语 中等 简化句式，替代从句使用 一句话区分：问why用because；已知原因用as/since；后面不是句子就because of。 （四）语法练习题 一、选词填空（because / as / since / because of） 1. He didn’t go to school __________ his bad cold. 2. __________ you know the answer, please help me solve this question. 3. I believe there is life on other planets __________ the universe is huge. 4. __________ everyone is here, let’s start our discussion about aliens. 二、句型转换 1. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.（改为because of句型） ________________________________________________________ 2. Since you have different opinions, you can discuss it together.（同义句改写，用as） ________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 一、1. because of 解析：后面为名词短语，只能用介词短语； 2. Since 解析：表已知条件，翻译为既然； 3. because 解析：直接解释观点原因； 4. As 解析：书面语，强调客观现状。 二、1. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather. 解析：将从句替换为名词短语； 2.As you have different opinions, you can discuss it together. 解析：as和since表既然时可互换。 四、单元书面表达总结 （一）写作框架梳理 本单元写作话题：编写科幻短篇故事：结识鸟人，要求80-110词，三段式叙事结构，适配单元考试标准： 第一段：铺垫背景，介绍主角处境（Liz和Gus抵达着陆点，意外发现异常）； 第二段：核心情节，描述主角遇见鸟人、主动示好的全过程； 第三段：结尾升华，双方成为朋友，收尾完整，贴合单元主题。 （二）高分词汇/词组 1. friendly adj. 友好的 2. shout for help 呼救 3. have a good idea 想出主意 4. give gifts to sb. 给某人送礼物 5. in surprise 惊讶地 6. finally adv. 最终 （三）参考范文 Liz and Gus finally reached the landing site and saw Captain Troy. They were ready to get on the mothership and return to the earth. Suddenly, they heard strange beautiful noises around them. Some people with wings flew towards them. They were the bird people. Liz felt excited and wanted to make friends with them. She had a good idea. She sang sweet songs and gave small gifts to the bird people. Gus also smiled and showed his kindness. The bird people soon accepted them. As a result, the people from the Earth and Bird World became good friends in the end. （四）写作模板 __________（主角）finally reached __________（地点）. They planned to __________（主角原有计划）. Suddenly, __________（突发事件）. __________（角色反应）. To solve the problem, they __________（采取的行动）. They tried their best to __________（示好/解决问题）. In the end, __________（故事结局）. As a result, __________（主题升华）. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沪教牛津八年级下册Unit 8Imagine that! 知识清单（默写版） 一、核心词汇（词形变换+搭配+例句…………………………2 二、核心词组（搭配+例句） …………………………………3 三、核心语法：原因状语从句…………………………………4 （一）语法点一基础用法………………………………………4 （二）语法点二拓展用法………………………………………5 （三）易混语法辨析……………………………………………5 （四）语法练习题………………………………………………5 四、单元书面表达总结（写作指导+高分素材+范文+模板）…6 （一）写作框架梳理……………………………………………6 （二）高分词汇/词组……………………………………………6 （三）参考范文…………………………………………………6 （四）写作模板…………………………………………………7 一、核心词汇（词形变换+搭配+例句） 单词 音标 词性 中文释义 词形变形 课内例句 alien /ˈeɪliən/ n. 外星人；外星生物 复数：__________ The children saw a tall __________ in the forest last night. astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ n. 宇航员 复数：__________ Two __________ got lost in the Bird World during the task. dive /daɪv/ v. 俯冲；潜水 过去式：__________；现在分词：__________ The yellow light suddenly __________ towards the ground at midnight. bush /bʊʃ/ n. 灌木；灌木丛 复数：__________ They hid behind some __________ to watch the alien quietly. mention /ˈmenʃn/ v. 提到；说起 过去式：__________；名词：__________ Tina __________ the strange light to her brother the next morning. frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/ adj. 害怕的；受惊的 动词：__________；名词：__________ The kids were __________ when another alien appeared nearby. ugly /ˈʌɡli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 比较级：__________；最高级：__________ Tina thought the aliens were very __________ after seeing them. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝；不肯接受 名词：__________；过去式：__________ Dad __________ to believe the children’s story about aliens. dimension /daɪˈmenʃn/ n. 维；维度 复数：__________ The Time Traveller talked about the four __________ of space. nonsense /ˈnɒnsns/ n. 胡说；废话 不可数名词 Filby thought the idea of time travel was total __________. vague /veɪɡ/ adj. 模糊的；不明确的 副词：__________；比较级：__________ He had a __________ idea of making a machine for time travel long ago. disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望 形容词：__________；名词：__________ I don’t want to __________ my teacher by failing the exam. destiny /ˈdestəni/ n. 命运；天命 复数：__________ The novel discusses the __________ of human beings in the universe. argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ v. 争论；争辩 名词：__________；过去式：__________ They often __________ about whether alien life exists in space. 二、核心词组（搭配+例句） ① __________ 醒来；唤醒 释义：多用于描述人从睡眠状态苏醒，本单元用于故事开篇场景 课内原句：Tina __________ at midnight. 仿写：I usually __________ at seven o’clock in the morning. ② __________ 俯冲朝向…… 释义：特指物体快速向下、朝着某处俯冲降落 课内原句：It suddenly __________ the ground. 仿写：The eagle __________ the small animal on the grass. ③ __________ 向……提起/说起…… 释义：固定搭配，后面接人或事物，日常高频口语短语 课内原句：The next morning, Tina __________ it __________ her brother Tom. 仿写：Don’t __________ this problem __________ our teacher for now. ④ __________ 保持安静；保持沉默 释义：侧重刻意压低声音、不发出声响，适配隐蔽场景 课内原句：so they hid behind some bushes and __________. 仿写：Please __________ when you are reading in the library. ⑤ __________ 惊恐地；害怕地 释义：副词性短语，修饰动作，等同于 afraid 课内原句：The children ran away __________. 仿写：The little dog ran away __________ after seeing the big cat. ⑥ __________ 因为；由于 释义：后接名词、代词或名词短语，表客观原因 课内原句：The spaceship was damaged __________ a crash. 仿写：We had to stay at home __________ the heavy rain. ⑦ __________ 拒绝做某事 释义：固定动词搭配，后接动词原形 课内原句：I __________ believe you. 仿写：He __________ give up his dream of becoming an astronaut. ⑧ __________ 从生到死；一生 释义：书面固定俗语，多用于科普、文学类文本 课内原句：Our thoughts pass along the Time-Dimension __________. 仿写：Everyone will face different difficulties __________. ⑨ __________ 加速；加快速度 释义：动副短语，反义词组：slow down 减速 仿写：We need to __________ if we don’t want to miss the school bus. ⑩ __________ 四处走动；四处活动 释义：侧重无固定方向的自由移动 仿写：The astronauts can’t __________ freely in the small spaceship. 三、核心语法：原因状语从句 （一）语法点一基础用法 本单元语法核心为原因状语从句，用来解释主句动作发生的原因，是八下单元考、中考高频基础考点。 1. 常用引导词及基本含义 ① because：语气最强，直接回答______提出的问题，侧重直接、客观的因果关系；可置于主句前后。 例句：The spaceship couldn’t fly __________ it was badly damaged. ② as：语气偏弱，侧重显而易见、双方已知的原因，多用于书面语。 例句：__________ it was too late, Tina and Tom decided to go the next day. ③ since：语气最弱，侧重已知、无需过多解释的原因，翻译为“______”。 例句：__________ no one else saw the aliens, their father refused to believe them. 2. 基础句式结构 结构1（从句后置，最常用）：主句 + __________ + 原因状语从句 结构2（从句前置）：__________ + 原因状语从句，+ 主句（前置必须加逗号隔开） （二）语法点二拓展用法 1.because of 介词短语表原因 只能后接名词、名词短语、代词，绝对不能接完整句子，这是本单元最大易错点。 例句：The spaceship stopped working __________ the serious crash. 2.特殊使用禁忌 英语中because不能与______连用，两个连词二选一即可，属于必考改错考点。 （三）易混语法辨析 辨析对象 适用结构 语气强弱 使用场景 because 后接______ ______ 回答why提问，强调直接因果 as/since 后接______ ______ 已知原因，书面写作常用 because of 后接______ ______ 简化句式，替代从句使用 一句话区分：问why用______；已知原因用______；后面不是句子就用______。 （四）语法练习题（仅题目，无答案） 一、选词填空（because / as / since / because of） 1. He didn’t go to school __________ his bad cold. 2. __________ you know the answer, please help me solve this question. 3. I believe there is life on other planets __________ the universe is huge. 4. __________ everyone is here, let’s start our discussion about aliens. 二、句型转换 1. The plane couldn’t take off because the weather was bad.（改为because of句型） ________________________________________________________ 2. Since you have different opinions, you can discuss it together.（同义句改写，用as） ________________________________________________________ 四、单元书面表达总结 （一）写作框架梳理 本单元写作话题：编写科幻短篇故事：结识鸟人，要求80-110词，三段式叙事结构，适配单元考试标准： 第一段：铺垫背景，介绍主角处境（Liz和Gus抵达着陆点，意外发现异常）； 第二段：核心情节，描述主角遇见鸟人、主动示好的全过程； 第三段：结尾升华，双方成为朋友，收尾完整，贴合单元主题。 （二）高分词汇/词组（默写填空） 1. __________ adj. 友好的 2. __________ 呼救 3. __________ 想出主意 4. __________ 给某人送礼物 5. __________ 惊讶地 6. __________ adv. 最终 （三）参考范文（无挖空，供对照） Liz and Gus finally reached the landing site and saw Captain Troy. They were ready to get on the mothership and return to the earth. Suddenly, they heard strange beautiful noises around them. Some people with wings flew towards them. They were the bird people. Liz felt excited and wanted to make friends with them. She had a good idea. She sang sweet songs and gave small gifts to the bird people. Gus also smiled and showed his kindness. The bird people soon accepted them. As a result, the people from the Earth and Bird World became good friends in the end. （四）写作模板（填空版） __________（主角）finally reached __________（地点）. They planned to __________（主角原有计划）. Suddenly, __________（突发事件）. __________（角色反应）. To solve the problem, they __________（采取的行动）. They tried their best to __________（示好/解决问题）. In the end, __________（故事结局）. As a result, __________（主题升华）. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $