期末知识点默写（高频考点+预测知识点）2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

8B期末知识点背诵版（一定要掌握）

1.常见连词及差异

①表转折  but 但是（句中，无逗号，语气最强）

however 然而（必须加逗号）

while然而（对比转折：A… while B…），还可以表示当...时

yet 然而（句首，一般不加逗号；否定句表“还”）

②让步 although / though 虽然（事实，最常考）

even though / even if 即使（假设，“哪怕”）

③表原因（因为） because 因为（回答 why，最强）

since 既然（已知原因）

 as 由于（最弱，句首）

④表结果（所以）  so 所以（口语/书面）

therefore 因此（正式，后加逗号）

⑤其他 or 或者；否则（“否则”常考）

unless 除非 = if…not（技巧：看到 unless → 直接换成“如果不”）

as long as 只要

until / till 直到；not…until… 直到…才

as soon as 一…就…

instead 相反、取而代之

moreover  此外 

otherwise否则，不然 

anyway无论如何

2.development n.发展   with the development of 随着……的发展、dj.发达的

3.used to do sth 过去常常做某事； used to be 曾经是

be/get used to sth/doing sth 习惯于做某事; be used to do/for 被用来做

4.attract v.吸引     attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力

attractive adj.有吸引力的  attraction n.景点  tourist attraction 旅游景点

5.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事  encourage doing 鼓励做……

  encouragement n.鼓励 courage n.勇气

6.step n.步骤，v.踩，踏   过去式 stepped 过去分词stepped

7.prefer vt.偏爱  （过） preferred （过分）preferred  n. preference 偏爱

prefer sth 更喜欢某事 prefer to do sth 更喜欢做某事

have a preference for 更喜欢…

  宁愿做A而不愿做B   prefer doing A to doing B

=prefer to do A rather than do B

=would rather do A than do B

8.be well worth +n./doing 值得做某事（被做）主动形式表示被动语态

9.can’t wait to do 迫不及待做某事  can’t help/stop doing sth 情不自禁做某事

10.决定做某事decide to do =make a decision to do sth

=make up one’s mind to do sth

11.be a symbol of 是……的象征 

12.There is no doubt that ……毫无疑问=No doubt that......（可用作文中）

13.be known for因为…而熟知 be known as作为…身份而熟知 

be known to 在...中很有名

14.complete v. 完成=finish  adj.完整的 

incomplete adj.不完整的    completely adv.完全地

15.instead of doing sth 而不是做某事  instead adv.相反地

16.crash against 撞上=crash into ，against用作介词，其具体意思如下：

(1)相反；反对；违反；违背      fight against evil同邪恶做斗争

(2)撞击；与……相撞            push against the door用力推门

(3)逆行，对着；跟……反方向    drive against the traffic逆向行车

17.设法做某事manage to do sth. =succeed in doing sth

=do sth successfully=be successful in doing sth

18.做某事有困难have difficulty (in) doing sth=have trouble (in) doing sth

=have problems (in) doing sth

做某事没有困难have no difficulty (in) doing sth

19.对某事/某物满意be happy with sth=be satisfied with sth

20. become more aware of how to behave properly更加注意如何举止得体

21. leave the tap running让水龙头开着

22. patient adj.耐心的；n.病人  impatient adj.不耐心的  patiently(adv.)耐心地

be patient with对…有耐心     wait in line patiently耐心排队等候

23.realize v.意识到=know =be aware of…    realize one’s dream实现某人的梦想

24. behave v.表现 behavior n.表现

behave well/badly表现好/差  behave oneself举止得体；守规矩

25. avoid doing sth避免做某事

26.promise (not) to do sth 承诺(不)做某事   promise + (that)从句 保证……

promise sb sth = promise sth to sb 向某人承诺某事/物

make a/one’s promise许下诺言   break a/one’s promise 违背诺言

keep a/one’s promise 信守诺言

27. harm n/vt.伤害；损害 harmful adj.有害的  harmless adj.无害的

harm…对…有害 =be harmful to… =do harm to... =be bad for…

28. allow v.允许  allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事

sb be allowed to do sth某人被允许某事 （注意被动用法）

29.blind adj. 失明的；视而不见的  blindly adv.盲目地  blindness n.失明

go blind失明  the blind 盲人 turn a blind eye to =be blind to 对…… 视而不见

deaf adj. 聋的   deafness n.耳聋

disabled adj. 有残疾的  disability n. (某种) 缺陷，障碍

30.beyond one’s expectation 超出某人的预期

31.sth require/need doing = sth require/need to be done 需要做某事（此时物作主语）

32.① remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 

② remind sb of... 使某人想起……

③ remind sb + that 从句 提醒某人……

33.achieve a balance between ... and ...在...和...之间取得平衡

34. have (an) influence on... 对…… 有影响

35.go smoothly 进展顺利

36.compete vi.参加比赛；竞争  competition n.竞争

competitor n.竞争者；对手  competitive adj.有竞争力的，竞争激烈的

37.suffer from a serious blood disease 患有严重的血液疾病

38.risk doing sth.冒险做某事 take a risk/risks 冒险 (做某事)

39.chemistry n.化学 chemical n./adj化学的；化学制品

chemist n. 化学家；药剂师

40.operation n.手术;（机器）操作  operate v.

do an operation on sb=operate on sb 给某人动手术