2025-2026学年高二英语下学期期末考试模拟卷03（人教版专用）改编+原创

**基本信息** 本试卷以真实生活与时代主题为载体，融合科技前沿（如事件相机）、环保实践（海洋塑料清理）等素材，全面考查高二学生语言运用能力与跨文化思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|日常对话、独白理解|情境真实，如兽医就诊、书籍推荐，考查信息抓取与推理| |阅读|4篇+七选五/50分|实用文体（图书馆规则）、人物故事（Boyan Slat）、科普（狗与人类）、科技（事件相机）|素材前沿，如海洋清理创新方案、新型相机技术，设题梯度从细节到主旨| |语言运用|完形15题/15分+语法填空10题/10分|词汇辨析（如uneasy/distracted）、语法（时态、非谓语）|完形通过足球受伤经历考查情感词汇，语法填空融入澳大利亚文化景点（Great Ocean Road）| |写作|应用文15分+续写25分|书信（海洋动物保护）、故事续写（铲雪坚持）|应用文贴近生活，续写引导诚信与责任价值观，体现思维品质培养|

现在。是。听力试音时间。Hello, international friends club, can I help you? Oh, hello. I read about your club in the paper today, and I thought i'd phone to find out a bit more. Yes, certainly. Well, we are a sort of social club for people from different countries. It's quite a new club. We have about fifty members at the moment, but we're growing all the time. That sounds interesting. I'm british actually, and I came to washington about three months ago. I'm looking for ways to meet people. Ah what kinds of events do you organize? Well. we have social get togethers and sports events, and we also have language evenings. Could you tell me something about the language evenings? Yes, every day, except thursday, we have the language evening. People can come and practice their languages. You know, over a drinker or something. We have different languages on different evenings. Monday spanish, tuesday italian, wednesday german and friday french. On thursday, we usually have a meal in a restaurant for anyone who wants to come. Well, that sounds great. I really need to practice my french. okay? Well, if you can just give me your name and address, i'll send you the form and some more information. If you join now, you can have the first month free. 试音到此结束，听力考试正式开始。请看听力部分第一节，第一节听下面5段对话，每一段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Did you watch beatings live broadcast of the world's first humanoid d robot half marathon? yes. IT was delayed from April thirteen to seventeen because of bad weather. Robots and humans ran the same route on separate tracks for the first time globally. Did you watch the dings live broadcast of the world's first humanoid d robot half marathon? yes. IT was delayed from April third th to nineteen sixth. Because of bad weather. Robots and humans ran the same route on separate tracks for the first time globally. I think the living room could do with a fresh coat of paint. You're right. Why don't you call the painter and ask him to come this weekend? I'm going to . work now. sure. I think the living room could do with a fresh coat of paint. You're right. Why don't you call the painter and ask him to come this weekend? I'm going to . work now. sure. Alex, how was the interview? Were you nervous? Definitely. but I said the right things. They seemed impressed. great. Hope they offer you the job. Alex, how was the interview? Were you nervous? Definitely. but I said the right things. They seemed impressed. great. Hope they offer you the job. I only slept four hours. I'm exhausted. My jobs so demanding. Most people . need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don't work too much. I only slept four hours. I'm exhausted. My jobs so demanding. Most people . need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don't work too much. I've come up with a new recipe for dumplings. Want to try. I think . the traditional kinds are best. Why would you change them? I love experimenting with different flavors. I've come up with a new recipe for dumplings. Want to try? I think . the traditional kinds are best. Why would you change them? I love experimenting with different flavors. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Wanna hang out tonight? My brother's friends are over to watch football. I hate that . you don't like football. I like playing IT, but watching boring. How about ice skating? perfect. That's music to my ears. Okay, i'll call you. After work. I need to grab my gates first. I need to rent a pair. I'll consider buying a pair if we continue to go together regularly. Wanna hang out tonight? My brother's friends are over to watch football. I hate that . you don't like football. I like playing IT, but watch boring. How about ice skating? perfect. That's music to my ears. Okay, i'll call you after work. I need to grab my skate first. I need to rent a pair. I'll consider buying a pair if we continue to go together regularly. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Excuse me, hi, sorry, just a quick one. Yes, how can I help? Are you ready to pay? Well, IT seems there is something wrong with the bill. We been charged a little more than expected. It's the spaghetti w IT was part of the special, but it's been added on separately. Oh, gosh, you're absolutely right. Sorry for the mix up. I do apologize. I'll get that sort of straight away. Does everything else seem to be okay? Excuse me. Hi, sorry. Just a quick one. yes. How can I help? Are you ready to pay? Well, IT seems there is something wrong with the bill. We've been charged a little more than expected. It's the spadea. I thought I was part of the special, but it's been added on separately. Oh, gosh, you're absolutely right. Sorry for the mix up. I do apologize. I'll get that sorted straight away. Does everything else seem to be okay? 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。I have to say that you're not quite what I expected. Usually in class, you are very quiet. Well, I don't like to answer questions out loud. I prefer to listen and absorb the knowledge. Well, you should speak out more. I think your ideas are very humorous. The way you described the math problem really make sense to me. IT made me laugh, so i'll probably remember IT Better. thanks. Maybe I will speak out more. And mr. Williams is class. Listening is more important. We have to memorize a lot about old wars and leaders. Hopefully my listening skills here will help our project. That's true. I suppose I do talk more in english and P. E, because they need different types of thinking. I have to say that you're not quite what I expected. Usually in class, you are very quiet. Well, I don't like to answer questions out loud. I prefer to listen and absorb the knowledge. Well, you should speak out more. I think your ideas are very humorous. The way you described the math problem really makes sense to me. IT made me laugh, so i'll probably remember IT Better. thanks. Maybe I will speak out more in mr. Williams is class listening is more important. We have to memorize a lot about old wars and leaders. Hopefully my listening skills here will help our project. That's true. I suppose I do talk more in english and P. E, because they need different types of thinking. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。It's been a while since the last time you came here. What's wrong with your cat this time? He hardly eight. Yesterday, I thought there must be something wrong, so I brought her here. Let me give her a check. Oh, it's nothing to worry about. SHE has just had too much and lack exercise. Well, what a relief. You can . bring her here again next week for a routine examination. Besides, you should beat her. Her hair is not shiny. I don't want her to have a bath in a pet store. Some of the staff there are rude, but i'm a little afraid to do IT on my own. I usually do IT with my husband, but he has been away from home. Bathing pets is not that hard. You only have to be careful with her head and her ears. Is there anything else I . should know? You will need rubber gloves, catch shampoo and a large tower. thanks. I have to go to the pet store then. It's been a while since the last time you came here was wrong with your cat. This time, he hardly eight. Yesterday, I thought there must be something wrong, so I brought her here. Let me give her a check. Oh, it's nothing to worry about. SHE has just had too much and lack exercise. Well, what a relief. You can bring . her here again next week for a routine examination. Besides, you should bathe her. Her hair is not shiny. I don't want her to have a bath in a pet store. Some of the staff there are rude, but i'm a little afraid to do IT on my own. I usually ly do IT with my husband, but he has been away from home. Bathing pets is not that hard. You only have to be careful with her head and her ears. Is there anything else . I should know? You will need rubber gloves, catch a poo and a large towel. thanks. I have to go to the pet store then. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。In my presentation today, i'd like to introduce magical nature tales by dawn casey, a collection of worldwide folk tales. As the title suggests, every story is full of magic, talking animals, magic trees and mythical beings. The beautiful illustrations add to the magic. Many tales are ancient, and casey thinks their pressure passed down through generations, and they hold wisdom we've lost. As a child in london, SHE stayed connected to nature, eating blackberries from offence and making wishes on the alliance. SHE truly believes humans and nature are closely linked. I highly recommend this book. Copies are available in our school library. Go check one out if you are interested in my presentation. Today, i'd like to introduce magical nature tales by dawn casey, a collection of worldwide folk tales. As the title suggests, every story is full of magic, talking animals, magic trees and mythical beings. The beautiful illustrations add to the magic. Many tales are ancient, and casey thinks their precious passed down through generations. They hold wisdom we've lost. As a child in london, SHE stayed connected to nature, eating blackberries from offense and making wishes on the alliance. SHE truly believes humans and nature are closely linked. I highly recommend this book. Copies are available in our school library. Go check one out if you are interested. 第二节到此结束，现在你有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 2025-2026（下）高二期末考试英语模拟试卷3 英语 试题（解析版） 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How long was the race postponed? A.3 days. B.6 days. C.9 days. 2. What will the woman do? A. Make a call. B. Paint the house. C. Leave for work. 3. What does the man think of his interview? A. Terrible. B. Impressive. C. Boring. 4. What do the man's words mean? A. The woman should quit her job. B. The woman should get more sleep. C. Most people only need six hours of sleep. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Cooking. B. Traditions. C. Experiments. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A. Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the woman skate? A. Seldom. B. Regularly. C. Always. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a bookstore. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man's service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man's way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams probably teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第14至 16题。 14. Why does the woman take her cat to the vet's? A. It needs to take a bath. B. It had a poor appetite yesterday. C. It has to have a routine checkup. 15. What does the woman feel about bathing her cat herself? A. It's challenging. B. It's time-consuming. C. It's easy. 16. What was mentioned at the end of the conversation? A. The tips for bathing a cat. B. The time for a medical check. C. The place to do some shopping. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What category can the book fall into? A. Science fiction. B. Biography. C. Fantasy. 18. Why did Dawn Casey choose the old stories? A. They' re truly precious. B. They' re really funny. C. They' re easy to read. 19. What is the book most likely to encourage readers to do? A. Explore nature. B. Love their family. C. Cherish friendship. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Teaching a lesson. B. recommending a book. C. Sharing her reading experience. 听力：1-5BCBBA 6-10BAAAC 11-15AABBA 16-20ACAAB 听力材料 Text 1 W: Did you watch Beijing's live broadcast of the world's first humanoid robot half-marathon? M: Yes. It was delayed from April 13th to 19th because of bad weather— robots and humans ran the same route on separate tracks for the first time globally. Text 2 M: I think the living room could do with a fresh coat of paint. W: You' re right. Why don't you call the painter and ask him to come this weekend? I'm going to work now. M: Sure. Text 3 W: Alex, how was the interview? Were you nervous? M: Definitely, but I said the right things—— they seemed impressed. W: Great！ Hope they offer you the job. Text 4 W: I only slept four hours—I'm exhausted！ My job's so demanding. M: Most people need at least six hours, but as a mom, you should get eight. Don't work too much！ Text 5 M: I' ve come up with a new recipe for dumplings. Want to try? W: I think the traditional kinds are best. Why would you change them? M: I love experimenting with different flavors. Text 6 W: Wanna hang out tonight? My brother's friends are over to watch football—I hate that. M: You don't like football? W: I like playing it, but watching's boring. M: How about ice skating? W: Perfect！ That's music to my ears. M: OK！ I' ll call you after work——I need to grab my skates first. W: I need to rent a pair. I' ll consider buying a pair if we continue to go together regularly. Text 7 W: Excuse me? Hi, sorry, just a quick one. M: Yes, how can I help? Are you ready to pay? W: Well, it seems there is something wrong with the bill. We' ve been charged a little more than expected. It's the spaghetti. I thought it was part of the special but it's been added on separately. M: Oh gosh, you' re absolutely right. Sorry for the mix-up. I do apologize. I' ll get that sorted straight away. Does everything else seem to be okay? Text 8 W: I have to say that you' re not quite what I expected. Usually in class you are very quiet. M: Well, I don't like to answer questions out loud. I prefer to listen and absorb the knowledge. W: Well, you should speak out more. I think your ideas are very humorous. The way you described the math problem really makes sense to me. It made me laugh, so I' ll probably remember it better. M: Thanks. Maybe I will speak out more. In Mr. Williams's class, listening is more important—— we have to memorize a lot about old wars and leaders. Hopefully, my listening skills here will help our project. W: That's true. I suppose I do talk more in English and P. E. because they need different types of thinking. Text 9 M: It's been a while since the last time you came here. What's wrong with your cat this time? W: She hardly ate yesterday. I thought there must be something wrong. So I brought her here. M: Let me give her a check ... Oh, it's nothing to worry about. She has just had too much and lacked exercise. W: Well, what a relief！ M: You can bring her here again next week for a routine examination. Besides, you should bathe her. Her hair is not shiny. W: I don't want her to have a bath in a pet store. Some of the staff there are rude. But I'm a little afraid to do it on my own. I usually do it with my husband, but he has been away from home. M: Bathing pets is not that hard. You only have to be careful with her head and her ears. W: Is there anything else I should know? M: You will need rubber gloves, cat shampoo and a large towel. W: Thanks. I have to go to the pet store then. Text 10 In my presentation today, I'd like to introduce Magical Nature Tales by Dawn Casey——a collection of worldwide folktales. As the title suggests, every story is full of magic: talking animals, magical trees and mystical beings. The beautiful illustrations add to the magic. Many tales are ancient, and Casey thinks they' re precious— passed down through generations. They hold wisdom we' ve lost. As a child in London, she stayed connected to nature: eating blackberries from a fence and making wishes on dandelions. She truly believes humans and nature are closely linked. I highly recommend this book. Copies are available in our school library— go check one out if you' re interested. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，`满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Borrow & Renew Login to My Library Account to see renewals, checkouts, holds, overdue items and fines. For information about borrowing materials not owned by Penn State, visit our Interlibrary Loan web pages. How to borrow For items at any Penn State campus, click “I want it” on the items you find in the Libraries Catalog. For items not owned by Penn State, use Interlibrary Loan. How long can I borrow? Item Students, faculty and staff Penn State alumni (校友) and visitors Books 1 semester 4 weeks DVDs 14 days 14 days E-ZBorrow 12 weeks N/A Library Fines for Overdue Items Item Fine/Maximum Additional fees Course Reserves $2/hour, $100 max. After 10 days: $25 processing fee Special Loans $3/day, $15 max. After 30 days: $25 processing fee Questions about My Library Account ●“I’ve already returned this item — why did I receive an overdue notice?” First, check the date and time that the notice was sent. It’s possible that the notice was sent before you returned the item. You can also check your current list of checkouts at My Library Account. If the item does not appear on that list, it has already been removed from your account. If you believe that you received an overdue notice for an item that you’ve returned, complete the online Claim Returned Form to initiate a library staff search. ●“I have a question about a bill.” Questions about library bills can be referred to your local Penn State library or submitted through our Bill Question Form. Please be sure to supply as much information as possible. 21. How long can a former Penn State student borrow a book? A. 1 semester. B. 4 weeks. C. 14 days. D. 12 weeks. 22. What is the total fine for a course reserve item that is one month overdue? A. $25. B. $40. C. $100. D. $125. 23. On which occasion should you fill in the Claim Returned Form? A. You have a question about your library bill. B. You forget to return the item on the due date. C. You receive an overdue notice after returning the item. D. You fail to find the returned item on your checkout list. 【文本解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了宾夕法尼亚州立大学图书馆的借阅规则、续借方式、逾期罚款政策以及账户问题处理方法。 【答案解析】 21. B 细节理解题。根据How long can I borrow?部分的借阅期限表格中，“Books (书籍)”在“Penn State alumni and visitors(宾夕法尼亚州立大学校友和访客)”列下显示为“4 weeks(4周)”可知，一名前宾夕法尼亚州立大学校友属于此类别，因此借书期限为4周。故选B。 22. D 细节理解题。根据Library Fines for Overdue Items部分的逾期物品罚款表格中，“Course Reserves (课程预定)”的罚款为“$2/hour, $100 max. (每小时2美元，最高100美元)”，且“Additional fees (额外费用)”中规定“After 10 days: $25 processing fee (逾期10天后，加收25美元处理费)”。由此可知，如果逾期30天，基础罚款已达最高限额100美元（因30天远超过罚款上限），加上逾期10天后的25美元处理费，总计125美元。故选D。 23. C 细节理解题。根据Questions about My Library Account部分中“If you believe that you received an overdue notice for an item that you’ve returned, complete the online Claim Returned Form to initiate a library staff search. (若你确认已归还物品却仍收到逾期通知，请填写线上归还申报表单，以便图书馆工作人员进行核查。)”可知，当归还物品后仍收到逾期通知时可填写归还申报表单。故选C。 B When 16-year-old Boyan Slat went diving in Greece, he expected to see colorful fish and coral. Instead, he was shocked to find himself swimming through a sea of plastic bags and bottles. This disturbing experience opened his eyes to the reality of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a massive collection of trash floating in the Pacific Ocean. At the time, most experts believed cleaning up this mess was impossible. They argued that because the plastic is spread over such a vast area, using ships with nets would take thousands of years and cost billions of dollars, which seemed like a waste of resources. However, Slat refused to accept this pessimistic attitude. While waiting for a flight, he suddenly realized a key principle: why chase the trash when the ocean currents can bring it to you?He proposed a passive system using giant floating barriers that act like artificial coastlines. These barriers move with the waves, allowing the faster-moving plastic to be caught and concentrated in one area, while the marine life can safely swim underneath. Slat was so committed to this vision that he dropped out of college to focus entirely on his project. He founded “The Ocean Cleanup”, a non-profit organization committed to ridding the world’s oceans of plastic. The journey was far from smooth; his team faced severe criticism and technical failures during the early stages. However, instead of giving up, they analyzed every mistake and improved their design. Today, their technology is finally operational and has successfully removed tons of waste. The collected plastic is recycled into durable products like sunglasses, and the profits are used to fund further cleanup missions. Slat’s story serves as an inspiring reminder that age is just a number when it comes to solving global problems, and that with enough determination, we can turn a hopeless situation into a sustainable solution. 24. What was the key challenge in cleaning up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? A. The plastic was too heavy to be lifted by ships. B. Plastic waste’s wide spread made cleaning costly and unachievable. C. The ocean currents were too strong for ships to navigate. D. The plastic was mixed with marine life, making it difficult to separate. 25. How does Slat’s passive system work to collect plastic? A. By using ships with nets to chase and catch the plastic. B. By using ocean currents to concentrate trash. C. By treating plastic with chemicals to make it small. D. By using floating barriers to trap plastic with currents. 26. How did Slat respond to the doubts and technical setbacks in the text? A. He published papers to prove experts wrong. B. He sought government support to solve technical issues. C. He ignored the criticism and stuck to his original plan. D. He adjusted his approach through learning from failures. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Boyan Slat? A. Analytical and modest. B. Innovative and practical. C. Realistic and cautious. D. Persistent and open-minded. 【文本解读】本文主要讲的是少年Boyan Slat应对海洋塑料污染问题的经历与成就。 【答案解析】 24. B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“They argued that because the plastic is spread over such a vast area, using ships with nets would take thousands of years and cost billions of dollars, which seemed like a waste of resources.(他们认为，由于塑料覆盖的区域如此之大，使用带有网的船只进行清理需要数千年的时间，并且需要花费数十亿美元，这似乎是对资源的极大浪费。)”可知，清理太平洋垃圾带时面临的主要难题是塑料垃圾分布广泛，使得清理工作成本高昂且难以完成。 25. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“These barriers move with the waves, allowing the faster-moving plastic to be caught and concentrated in one area, while the marine life can safely swim underneath.(这些屏障随着海浪移动，使得速度较快的塑料能够被捕捉并集中在一个区域，而海洋生物则可以在其下方安全地游动。)”可知，Slat的被动收集系统通过使用浮动屏障利用洋流来捕获塑料。 26. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However, instead of giving up, they analyzed every mistake and improved their design.(但他们没有放弃，而是复盘每一次失误、不断优化设计。)”可知，Slat应对文中提到的质疑和技术挫折的方法是从失败中吸取教训来调整策略。 27. B 推理判断题。根据第三段“However, Slat refused to accept this pessimistic attitude. While waiting for a flight, he suddenly realized a key principle: why chase the trash when the ocean currents can bring it to you?(然而，Slat拒绝接受这种悲观的态度。在等飞机的时候，他突然意识到一个关键原则：既然洋流能把垃圾带到你身边，为什么还要去追垃圾呢？)”可知，他有极强的创新思维。根据倒数第二段“However, instead of giving up, they analyzed every mistake and improved their design. Today, their technology is finally operational and has successfully removed tons of waste. The collected plastic is recycled into durable products like sunglasses, and the profits are used to fund further cleanup missions.(但他们没有放弃，而是复盘每一次失误、不断优化设计。如今，这项技术终于投入实际运行，已成功清理数十吨海洋垃圾。回收的塑料被加工制成太阳镜等耐用产品，所得收益又继续投入到后续的海洋清理任务中。)”可知，他的创新不是理想化的，而是经过实践检验、可落地、可持续的，因此非常“务实”。 C Pause for a moment and gaze into the eyes of your dog. Do you feel overwhelmed by how cute they are? Or, perhaps, a desire to squeeze (揉捏) them? Now think about your habits. Do you send them to daycare, dress them up in clothes, and bring them on vacations? Do you speak to them like a baby? If so, you’re not alone — after all, research shows our brains essentially respond in the same way to pet dogs as they do to human children. Our brains weren’t always wired this way, but as we domesticated (驯化) dogs, they developed human-like social and cognitive abilities. They started to act and even look like babies — and our brains began to view them as such. That’s why Zachary Silver, the director of the Canine Cognition Lab at Occidental College, isn’t at all surprised people feel so strongly about their four-legged friends — in fact, to him, it would be odd if they didn’t. “The dogs of today have been carefully selected over thousands of years to be kind and affectionate (温顺亲人的).” he says. So, if you’ve ever been laughed at for treating your dog like your actual human child, just know there are 20,000 to 40,000 years of evolution causing you to behave this way. Here’s how this powerful neurobiological (神经生物学的) response makes us love, trust, and care for our dogs. Your brain really does view your dog as a child. Alison LaCoss, a mother of three, says the moment she gave birth to her kids, she felt an overwhelming desire to love them and keep them safe. LaCoss’s behavior isn’t abnormal-and a brain imaging study conducted in 2014 provides some important clues as to why. To figure out what causes people to feel so intensely about their dogs, researchers from Harvard University invited a small group of mothers who had least one child between the ages of 2 to 10 and a dog they had owned for at least two years. The moms went into MRI machines and looked at various images of dogs and kids-some their own, and some not. The researchers found a significant overlap between the emotional experience of the mother-child relationship and the mother-dog relationship. The amygdala, a brain area that drives bond formation and reward, lit up when the women looked at pictures of their child and their dog. 28. Why does the author say “you’re not alone” in Paragraph 3? A. Because many people have dogs as pets. B. Because dogs are very popular among people. C. Because many people treat dogs like human children. D. Because dogs are the most faithful friends of humans. 29. What makes human brain react in the same way to children and dogs? A. Dogs’ wild nature. B. Dogs’ human-like characters. C. Humans’ love for the cute animals. D. Humans’ desire for close relationship. 30. The underlined word “overlap” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ____. A. shared area B. big difference C. good balance D. common need 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The ways humans treat dogs. B. The history of dog domestication. C. The similarities between dogs and human children. D. The reasons why people treat dogs like human children. 【文本解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们将宠物狗当作自己孩子般对待的原因。 【答案解析】 28. C 推理判断题。根据第三段“If so, you’re not alone — after all, research shows our brains essentially respond in the same way to pet dogs as they do to human children. (如果是这样，你并不孤单——毕竟，研究表明，我们的大脑对宠物狗的反应基本上和对人类孩子的反应是一样的。)”可知，作者在第三段说“你并不孤单”是因为很多人把狗当作人类的孩子。故选C。 29. B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Our brains weren’t always wired this way, but as we domesticated (驯化) dogs, they developed human-like social and cognitive abilities. They started to act and even look like babies-and our brains began to view them as such. (我们的大脑并不总是这样，但当我们驯化狗的时候，它们发展出了类似人类的社交和认知能力。他们开始像婴儿一样行动，甚至看起来像婴儿——我们的大脑也开始这样看待他们。)”可知，让人类的大脑对孩子和狗做出同样的反应的是狗具备的像人一样的特征。故选B。 30. A 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The amygdala, a brain area that drives bond formation and reward, lit up when the women looked at pictures of their child and their dog. (当女性看到自己孩子和狗狗的照片时，杏仁核——一个驱动纽带形成和奖励的大脑区域——被激活。)”可知，母亲与孩子之间的情感体验和母亲与狗之间的情感体验存在显著的重叠，overlap意为“重叠部分”，和shared area意思相近。故选A。 31. D 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Pause for a moment and gaze into the eyes of your dog. Do you feel overwhelmed by how cute they are? Or, perhaps, a desire to squeeze (揉捏) them? (暂停片刻，凝视你的狗的眼睛。你是否被它们的可爱所折服？或者，也许是想揉捏他们？)”和第三段“Our brains weren’t always wired this way, but as we domesticated (驯化) dogs, they developed human-like social and cognitive abilities. They started to act and even look like babies — and our brains began to view them as such. (我们的大脑并不总是这样，但当我们驯化狗的时候，它们发展出了类似人类的社交和认知能力。他们开始像婴儿一样行动，甚至看起来像婴儿——我们的大脑也开始这样看待他们。)”可知，本文主要讲的是人们将宠物狗当作自己孩子般对待的原因，因此主旨是D选项“The reasons why people treat dogs like human children. (为什么人们对待狗就像对待人类的孩子。)”。故选D。 D There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. It can clearly show both extremely bright celestial bodies (天体) and not very bright objects in the same photo, and can also track fast-moving celestial bodies without motion-caused unclear images. Traditional digital cameras work by checking pixels (像素) many times per second, recording data from every pixel each time. These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. This working method has advantages. For the same video, it stores less data as it only records pixels with changing brightness, and it can operate at a much higher rate. In addition, such cameras can show not very bright objects even with very bright ones nearby — these bright objects would cause overexposure in images taken by traditional cameras. This is because its pixels detect light in a different way instead of following a linear scale. To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. Meanwhile, Singh Thakur added, “These cameras are also excellent at detecting fast-moving objects due to their higher rates. You can shoot at very high speeds and still get fast-moving objects. Ordinary cameras would only produce unclear images.” 32. How does the author begin paragraph 1? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving a definition. C. By describing a phenomenon. D. By drawing a comparison. 33. Which statement fits the event cameras’ working mode? A. They check pixels constantly. B. They tend to store the same data. C. They focus on changing brightness data. D. They record stable pixels’ locations. 34. What does paragraph 4 mainly show about the event cameras? A. Their major components. B. Their installation process. C. Their potential advantages. D. Their practical application. 35. What is Mark Norris’s attitude to the event cameras? A. Approving. B. Watchful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 【文本解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种工作方式类似人眼的新型相机，这种相机对天文学颇具价值。 【答案解析】 32. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. (有一种新型照相机的工作原理与人眼相似，这对天文学家来说可能非常有用)”可知，作者通过将这种新型相机的工作方式与人眼的工作方式进行比较，引出了这种新型相机的特性及其对天文学的潜在价值。故选D。 33. C 细节理解题。 根据第二段中“These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. (这些被称为“事件相机”（event camera）的新相机的工作方式有所不同：只有当像素所在位置的亮度发生变化时，才会检查像素。如果传感器上某一点的亮度与之前的读数相同，则不存储新数据。这与人眼收集感官信息的方式类似)”可知，只有当某个像素位置的亮度发生变化时，这种新型相机才会检查该像素。如果传感器上某一点的亮度与前一次读数相同，新数据则不会被存储下来。故选C。 34. D 主旨大意题。根据第四段“To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. (为了探索这项技术在天文学上的潜力，印度科学研究所的Chetan Singh Thakur和他的同事们在印度的两台望远镜上分别安装了这些相机。他们成功地拍摄了地球和月球之间物体的清晰图像，并拍摄了由夜空中最亮的天狼星A和天狼星B组成的天狼星双星系统的照片)”可知，本段主要描述了这种新型相机在天文学中的实际应用。故选D。 35. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. (没有参与这项研究的英国中央兰开夏大学的马克·诺里斯指出，天狼星A的亮度大约是天狼星B的1万倍，这意味着传统的传感器无法在一张照片中清楚地显示两者)”可知，Mark Norris指出，天狼星A的亮度约为天狼星B亮度的10,000倍，这意味着传统传感器永远无法在一张照片中同时清晰呈现二者。由此可知，他对事件相机持认可的态度。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Space exploration has made remarkable progress in 2024. It has opened up new possibilities and inspired many young people to dream big. First of all, more and more countries are joining the space race. ____36____ They are launching satellites, sending probes to other planets, and even planning manned spaceflights. This shows that space exploration is no longer the exclusive domain (专属领域) of a few powerful countries. Secondly, private space companies have played an increasingly important role. ____37____ For example, SpaceX has successfully launched many rockets and is working on ambitious projects like colonizing Mars. These companies bring new ideas and technologies to the field of space exploration. In addition, space tourism is becoming a reality. ____38____ Some wealthy individuals have paid a large amount of money to travel to space and experience the weightlessness and the beauty of the universe. This not only satisfies people’s curiosity but also promotes the development of the space industry. Moreover, the discovery of water on the moon has excited scientists. ____39____ It means that there may be life on the moon or other planets in the future. Scientists are also looking for other signs of life in the universe, and they believe that we are not alone. Finally, space exploration has a positive impact on our daily life. ____40____ For example, the technology used in space exploration has been applied to communication, navigation, and weather forecasting, making our life more convenient and safe. A. They have launched their own rockets and spacecraft. B. Water is the basic element for life. C. China has made great achievements in space exploration. D. It has brought many benefits to our life. E. Some people have the opportunity to travel to space. F. The exploration of space is full of challenges. G. Many countries have their own space programs. 【文本解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2024年太空探索取得的显著进展。 【答案解析】 36. G 上文“First of all, more and more countries are joining the space race.(首先，越来越多的国家正在加入太空竞赛)”表明越来越多国家参与太空探索。G选项“Many countries have their own space programs.(许多国家都有自己的太空计划)”与上文紧密相关，进一步说明这些国家参与太空竞赛的具体表现，即拥有自己的太空计划。故选G项。 37. A 上文“Secondly, private space companies have played an increasingly important role.(其次，私人太空公司发挥着越来越重要的作用)”指出私人太空公司的重要性。A选项“They have launched their own rockets and spacecraft.(他们已经发射了自己的火箭和航天器)”承接上文，具体说明了私人太空公司发挥重要作用的方式，即发射自己的火箭和航天器。句中“They”指代上文的“private space companies”。故选A项。 38. E 上文“In addition, space tourism is becoming a reality.(此外，太空旅游正在成为现实)”引出太空旅游这一话题。E选项“Some people have the opportunity to travel to space.(一些人有机会去太空旅行)”与上文衔接自然，具体说明了太空旅游成为现实的表现，即有人有机会去太空旅行。故选E项。 39. B 上文“Moreover, the discovery of water on the moon has excited scientists.(此外，月球上发现水让科学家们兴奋不已)”提到了月球上发现水这一事件。B选项“Water is the basic element for life.(水是生命的基本元素)”解释了科学家兴奋的原因，因为水是生命的基本元素，发现水意味着未来月球或其他行星上可能存在生命，与上文逻辑紧密。故选B项。 40. D 上文“Finally, space exploration has a positive impact on our daily life.(最后，太空探索对我们的日常生活有积极影响)”点明太空探索对生活有积极影响。D选项“It has brought many benefits to our life.(它给我们的生活带来了很多好处)”承接上文，进一步说明太空探索带来的积极影响就是给生活带来很多好处，下文还举例说明了这些好处。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had many adventures as a child, but one stands out on the local football field at Pacaembu, Brazil, the home of many football geniuses. I was ____41____ my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I _____42_____ unwillingly, never having tried the position before. I felt ____43____ in the unfamiliar spot. Soon, a striker broke through and I rushed to ____44____ his shot. His boot caught me right in the face in the ____45____. The cut was deep and blood began pouring down. I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ____46____ face. I asked a friend for a ____47____ on his bicycle, but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my ____48____. I had to walk the rest of the way, ____49____ my heavy kitbag. People stared at my face in shock, but I kept moving. The long walk home felt like a lonely march of ____50____. When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with medicine. Seeing my downcast eyes, she whispered, “The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure, but a proof of your ____51____. You stood where others wouldn’t.” Her words ____52____ me faster than any treatment. That wasn’t the only time I got hurt on those overused playgrounds. Injuries were frequent, but they ____53____ me for the struggles ahead. Over time, I realized the wound became a medal of ____54____, a symbol of pride and courage. It taught me being a sportsman meant ____55____every ball life throws without fear. 41. A. following B. leading C. inviting D. observing 42. A. cheered up B. called out C. stepped up D. dropped out 43. A. uneasy B. impatient C. ashamed D. distracted 44. A. record B. spot C. block D. grasp 45. A. hit B. fight C. touch D. crash 46. A. muddy B. sweaty C. sun-burnt D. bloody 47. A. favor B. lift C. comfort D. option 48. A. weight B. quantity C. height D. strength 49. A. packing B. displaying C. dragging D. raising 50. A. defeat B. silence C. delay D. blame 51. A. honesty B. cooperation C. responsibility D. discipline 52. A. shifted B. dominated C. inspired D. healed 53. A. reserved B. recalled C. exposed D. prepared 54. A. honor B. expectation C. insight D. motivation 55. A. attacking B. braving C. gathering D. predicting 【文本解读】主要讲述的是作者儿时临时担任守门员受伤，在奶奶的鼓励下将伤疤视为勇气与责任勋章的成长经历。 【答案解析】 41. B 考查动词。句意：当时我正领导球队比赛，我们的守门员受伤了。A. following跟随；B. leading带领；C. inviting邀请；D. observing观看。根据后文“my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I ____ unwillingly, never having tried the position before.”可知，守门员受伤了，无人自愿顶替，作者担任了这个角色。由此推知，作为队长的作者在无人响应时挺身而出。 42. C 考查动词短语。句意：没有其他人主动请缨，于是我不情愿地站了出来，我以前从没尝试过这个位置。A. cheered up振作起来；B. called out大声呼喊；C. stepped up挺身而出；D. dropped out退出。根据前文“No one else volunteered”及后文“never having tried the position before.”可知，作者在无人愿意的情况下挺身而出，担任守门员。 43. A 考查形容词。句意：身处这个陌生的位置，我感到局促不安。A. uneasy不安的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. ashamed羞愧的；D. distracted分心的。根据前文“never having tried the position before”可知，作者从未当过门将，因此感到不适应。 44. C 考查动词。句意：很快，一名前锋突破防线，我扑过去阻挡他的射门。A. record记录；B. spot发现；C. block封堵；D. grasp抓住。根据前文“Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to”可知，对方突破了防线，作为守门员的作者，应该是试图阻止射门。 45. D 考查名词。句意：在冲撞中，他的球鞋正好踢到了我的脸上。A. hit击打；B. fight打斗；C. touch触碰；D. crash冲撞。根据前文“Soon, a striker broke through and I dived to ____ his shot.”及后文“The cut was deep and blood was everywhere.”可知，作者在扑救射门的时候，脸受伤了，他和前锋发生了碰撞。 46. D 考查形容词。句意：我没钱坐出租车，也不好意思带着满脸血迹坐公交车。A. muddy泥泞的；B. sweaty出汗的；C. sun-burnt晒伤的；D. bloody流血的。根据前文“blood began pouring down”可知，作者脸上流了很多血。 47. B 考查名词。句意：我请求一位朋友用自行车载我一程。A. favor恩惠；B. lift搭便车；C. comfort安慰；D. option选择。根根据前文“I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ____ face.”可知，作者没钱打车，又不好意思坐公交车，所以想搭朋友的自行车回家。固定搭配give sb. a lift意为“让某人搭便车”。 48. A 考查名词。句意：但路上的桥太陡，他载着我的体重没法蹬车上坡。A. weight体重；B. quantity数量；C. height身高；D. strength力量。根据前文“but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my”及后文“I had to walk the rest of the way, ____ my heavy kitbag.”可知，桥太陡了，作者自己走剩下的路，说明额外重量使朋友无法骑行上坡。 49. C 考查动词。句意：我只好走完剩下的路，拖着沉重的运动包。A. packings打包；B. displaying展示；C. dragging拖着；D. raising举起。根据前文“heavy kitbag”以及作者受伤疲惫的状态可知，他只能吃力地拖着包行走。 50. A 考查名词。句意：漫长的回家路仿佛是一场孤独的落败前行。A. defeat落败；B. silence沉默；C. delay耽搁；D. blame责备。根据后文“The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure”可知，此处指漫长的回家路感觉像是一场孤独的失败行军。 51. C 考查名词。句意：你脸上的伤疤不是失败的标志，而是你责任感的证明，别人不愿站出来，而你站了出来。A. honesty诚实；B. cooperation合作；C. responsibility责任；D. discipline纪律。根据前文“No one else volunteered, so I ______ unwillingly, never having tried the position before.”可知，作者在无人愿意时承担了守门员的责任。 52. D 考查动词。句意：她的话语比任何药物都更快治愈了我。A. shifted转移；B. dominate支配；C. inspired激励；D. healed治愈。根据前文“When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with medicine.”及后文“me faster than any treatment.”可知，祖母的话起到了心灵治愈作用。 53. D 考查动词。句意：受伤是常事，但这些经历为我日后面对人生的坎坷做好了准备。A. reserved保留；B. recalled回忆；C. exposed暴露；D. prepared准备。根据后文“me for the struggles ahead”可知，这些经历为日后面对人生的坎坷做好了准备。 54. A 考查名词。句意：久而久之，我明白这道伤口成了荣誉勋章，是骄傲与勇气的象征。A. honor荣誉；B. expectation期待；C. insight洞察力；D. motivation动力。根据后文“a symbol of pride and courage”可知，作者意识到那道伤疤已变成了一枚象征着自豪与勇气的荣誉勋章。 55. B 考查动词。句意：这件事让我明白，做一名运动员意味着无畏地直面生活抛来的每一次考验。A. attacking攻击；B. braving勇敢面对；C. gathering聚集；D. predicting预测。根据后文“every ball life throws without fear”可知，此处强调勇敢面对的精神。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People who like road trips will love the Great Ocean Road in the southeastern Australian province of Victoria. Known as one of the world’s most stunning drives, it ____56____(feature) spectacular scenery of white beaches, coastal cliffs, thick forests, and spectacular natural formations. Construction on the road began in 1919, when servicemen returned home from the First World War. ____57____ (carve) through rock and hugging the coastline for over 240 kilometres, the Great Ocean Road took more than a decade to complete in honour of Australia’s fallen soldiers. The Great Ocean Road begins in Torquay, ____58____ town southwest of Melbourne. From there it stretches west along the shoreline to Allansford ____59____ (pass) through coastal towns with fascinating attractions and incredible views. Torquay is famous for surf culture. It’s a great place to learn how to surf, ____60____ several schools offering group and private lessons from beginner right on up. In Anglesea, a round at the Anglesea Golf Club offers another ____61____ (true) Australian experience — golfing among ____62____ (kangaroo). Along the road, you will reach Great Otway National Park. The rich biodiversity and ____63____ (mood) landscapes make the Otway one of Australia’s most favourite natural places. The Great Ocean Road inspires the imagination, taking travelers on a journey ____64____ nature, adventure, and wonder meet. Revealing natural landscapes silently reminds us ____65____ stands today may not be here tomorrow. 【文本解读】本文介绍了澳大利亚维多利亚州著名的大洋路。 【答案解析】 56. features 考查动词时态。句意：它被誉为全球最美自驾公路之一，以拥有洁白海滩、海岸悬崖、茂密森林以及奇特自然地貌构成的绝美风光为特色。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式features。 57. Carved 考查非谓语动词。句意：大洋路开凿于岩石之中，绵延海岸线240多公里，耗时十余年才修建完工，以此缅怀澳大利亚阵亡的士兵。句子已有谓语took，此处用非谓语动词；the Great Ocean Road与carve为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词carved，作状语，首字母需大写。 58. a 考查冠词。句意：大洋路起点是墨尔本西南部的一座小镇托基。town是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且town发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。 59. passing 考查非谓语动词。句意：公路从那里沿海岸向西延伸至艾伦斯福德，沿途经过诸多风景迷人、景点独特的滨海小镇。主句已有谓语stretches，此处用非谓语作伴随状语；主语it与pass是逻辑主谓关系，用现在分词形式passing。 60. with 考查介词。句意：这里是学习冲浪的绝佳之地，有多家冲浪学校为从入门到高阶的学员提供小班及私教课。“with +宾语+现在分词”是with的复合结构，表示伴随状态，空处需填介词with。 61. truly 考查副词。句意：在安格尔西镇，去安格尔西高尔夫俱乐部打一场球，能体验到另一种真正的澳洲特色——在袋鼠群中打高尔夫。修饰形容词Australian，需用副词truly，作状语。 62. kangaroos 考查名词。句意：在安格尔西镇，去安格尔西高尔夫俱乐部打一场球，能体验到另一种真正的澳洲特色——在袋鼠群中打高尔夫。kangaroo是可数名词，此处泛指“成群的袋鼠”，用复数形式kangaroos。 63. moody 考查形容词。句意：丰富的生物多样性与变幻迷人的自然风光，让奥特威成为澳大利亚最受欢迎的自然胜地之一。修饰名词landscapes，需用形容词moody，作定语。 64. where 考查定语从句。句意：大洋路引人遐想，带领游客踏上一段自然、冒险与奇景交汇的旅程。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a journey，是抽象地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。 65. what 考查宾语从句。句意：这些展露无遗的自然景致，无声地提醒着我们：如今所拥有的一切，或许明日便不复存在。空处引导宾语从句。句中缺少主语成分，指代“今天矗立在那里的东西/事物”，因此使用连接代词what引导。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华。你的新西兰朋友Alan发来邮件询问你最喜欢的海洋动物是什么。请你给他回信，内容包括: 1. 你最喜欢的海洋动物的名称； 2. 喜欢的理由； 3. 应该如何保护它们。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alan, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【高分范文】 Dear Alan, I’m glad to receive your email. My favorite marine animal is the dolphin. They are not only lovely and intelligent but also very friendly to humans, often helping lost sailors find their way. What impresses me most is their strong sense of teamwork, which makes them stand out among other sea creatures. It’s our duty to protect dolphins. We should stop polluting the ocean and refuse to hunt them. Besides, we can spread awareness of protecting marine life to encourage more people to join in the protection. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】要求考生以李华的名义给朋友Alan回一封邮件，告诉他自己最喜欢的海洋动物，喜欢的原因以及如果保护它们。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 责任：duty→responsibility 保护：protection→preservation 可爱的：lovely→adorable 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：They are not only lovely and intelligent but also very friendly to humans, often helping lost sailors find their way. 拓展句：Not only are they lovely and intelligent but they are also very friendly to humans, often helping lost sailors find their way. 【点睛】【高分句型1】They are not only lovely and intelligent but also very friendly to humans, often helping lost sailors find their way. （运用了现在分词helping作状语） 【高分句型2】What impresses me most is their strong sense of teamwork, which makes them stand out among other sea creatures.（运用了what引导的主语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every day after school, Lucas and Noah pressed their noses against Mr. Henderson’s shop window. They stared at the red bicycle that stood proudly in the center of the display. For months, they had saved every spare coin, yet the price still seemed far beyond their reach. When the first snow of winter covered their town, the brothers saw an opportunity. They grabbed their shovels (铲子), determined to turn the snowfall into savings through hard work. They started in their own neighborhood. But many residents had already cleared their walkways, and those who hadn’t only offered a few coins for short paths. After several tiring hours, they had earned just seven dollars — far less than they hoped. Refusing to give up, they headed to Maple Street, where the houses were bigger and the driveways deeper in snow. Noah knocked on the door of a beautiful Victorian house. Mrs. Williams answered, looking like she was in a hurry. When Noah asked if she needed her driveway shoveled, she agreed at once. She took a twenty-dollar bill from her purse and placed it into Noah’s hand. “I have to rush out,” she said with an encouraging smile. “I’ll leave it in your capable hands.” The boys stared at the bill, amazed. Twenty dollars — more than they had made the entire day! Laughing in disbelief, they set to work with fresh energy. The initial excitement carried them through the first hour of work. But as the afternoon darkened and the temperature dropped, the work became harder. Their hands grew numb (麻木)， their muscles ached, and the long driveway seemed endless. Halfway through, Lucas threw down his shovel in frustration (沮丧). “Let’s just go. She’ll never know we didn’t finish.” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【高分范文】 Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. For a moment, he stood frozen, torn between exhaustion and responsibility. Walking away meant warmth and rest, yet Mrs. Williams’ trusting smile appeared in his mind, reminding him of the confidence she had placed in them. He held the shovel tightly, bent down, and continued clearing the snow. Lucas watched him quietly and soon joined him without hesitation. Side by side, they worked through the bitter cold. In the fading light, the driveway slowly took shape under their steady effort. As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. She looked at the perfectly shoveled driveway with pleasant surprise and expressed genuine appreciation, saying that she had known they would keep their promise. A quiet warmth spread inside the boys. On the way home, Noah touched the twenty-dollar bill in his pocket. Their dream of the red bicycle felt a little closer, yet he realized that what they earned that day was far more valuable than money. The lesson about honesty would stay with them long after the snow melted. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lucas和Noah为买心仪的自行车，下雪天铲雪赚钱，最终坚守诚信完成工作并领悟道理的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Noah酸痛的双手似乎也在赞同哥哥的话。”以及第二段首句内容“当他们铲完最后一铲雪时，Williams夫人的车回来了。”可知，第一段可描写思虑之后，兄弟俩还是决定遵守承诺。 ②由第二段首句内容“当他们铲完最后一铲雪时，Williams夫人的车回来了。”可知，第二段可描写Williams夫人非常感谢他们，而他们也明白了诚实的重要性。 2.续写线索：Noah也赞同哥哥的话，但是，他突然想起Williams夫人的信任——于是他决定继续清理积雪，而Lucas静静看着他，也加入他一起清理积雪——慢慢地，车道开始露出原貌——Williams夫人也回来了——她看着干干净净的车道，非常感动，她感谢了俩人的信守承诺——兄弟俩也明白了诚实的重要性 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①握住：hold/grasp ②成型：take shape/come into being ③信守他们的承诺：keep their promise/keep their word/stick to their promise 情绪类 ①疲惫：exhaustion/weariness ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】【高分句型1】She looked at the perfectly shoveled driveway with pleasant surprise and expressed genuine appreciation, saying that she had known they would keep their promise.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Their dream of the red bicycle felt a little closer, yet he realized that what they earned that day was far more valuable than money.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和what引导的主语从句） 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026（下）高二期末考试英语模拟试卷3 英语 试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. How long was the race postponed? A.3 days. B.6 days. C.9 days. 2. What will the woman do? A. Make a call. B. Paint the house. C. Leave for work. 3. What does the man think of his interview? A. Terrible. B. Impressive. C. Boring. 4. What do the man's words mean? A. The woman should quit her job. B. The woman should get more sleep. C. Most people only need six hours of sleep. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Cooking. B. Traditions. C. Experiments. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A. Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the woman skate? A. Seldom. B. Regularly. C. Always. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a bookstore. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man's service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。 11. What's the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man's way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams probably teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第14至 16题。 14. Why does the woman take her cat to the vet's? A. It needs to take a bath. B. It had a poor appetite yesterday. C. It has to have a routine checkup. 15. What does the woman feel about bathing her cat herself? A. It's challenging. B. It's time-consuming. C. It's easy. 16. What was mentioned at the end of the conversation? A. The tips for bathing a cat. B. The time for a medical check. C. The place to do some shopping. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What category can the book fall into? A. Science fiction. B. Biography. C. Fantasy. 18. Why did Dawn Casey choose the old stories? A. They' re truly precious. B. They' re really funny. C. They' re easy to read. 19. What is the book most likely to encourage readers to do? A. Explore nature. B. Love their family. C. Cherish friendship. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Teaching a lesson. B. recommending a book. C. Sharing her reading experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，`满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Borrow & Renew Login to My Library Account to see renewals, checkouts, holds, overdue items and fines. For information about borrowing materials not owned by Penn State, visit our Interlibrary Loan web pages. How to borrow For items at any Penn State campus, click “I want it” on the items you find in the Libraries Catalog. For items not owned by Penn State, use Interlibrary Loan. How long can I borrow? Item Students, faculty and staff Penn State alumni (校友) and visitors Books 1 semester 4 weeks DVDs 14 days 14 days E-ZBorrow 12 weeks N/A Library Fines for Overdue Items Item Fine/Maximum Additional fees Course Reserves $2/hour, $100 max. After 10 days: $25 processing fee Special Loans $3/day, $15 max. After 30 days: $25 processing fee Questions about My Library Account ●“I’ve already returned this item — why did I receive an overdue notice?” First, check the date and time that the notice was sent. It’s possible that the notice was sent before you returned the item. You can also check your current list of checkouts at My Library Account. If the item does not appear on that list, it has already been removed from your account. If you believe that you received an overdue notice for an item that you’ve returned, complete the online Claim Returned Form to initiate a library staff search. ●“I have a question about a bill.” Questions about library bills can be referred to your local Penn State library or submitted through our Bill Question Form. Please be sure to supply as much information as possible. 21. How long can a former Penn State student borrow a book? A. 1 semester. B. 4 weeks. C. 14 days. D. 12 weeks. 22. What is the total fine for a course reserve item that is one month overdue? A. $25. B. $40. C. $100. D. $125. 23. On which occasion should you fill in the Claim Returned Form? A. You have a question about your library bill. B. You forget to return the item on the due date. C. You receive an overdue notice after returning the item. D. You fail to find the returned item on your checkout list. B When 16-year-old Boyan Slat went diving in Greece, he expected to see colorful fish and coral. Instead, he was shocked to find himself swimming through a sea of plastic bags and bottles. This disturbing experience opened his eyes to the reality of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, a massive collection of trash floating in the Pacific Ocean. At the time, most experts believed cleaning up this mess was impossible. They argued that because the plastic is spread over such a vast area, using ships with nets would take thousands of years and cost billions of dollars, which seemed like a waste of resources. However, Slat refused to accept this pessimistic attitude. While waiting for a flight, he suddenly realized a key principle: why chase the trash when the ocean currents can bring it to you?He proposed a passive system using giant floating barriers that act like artificial coastlines. These barriers move with the waves, allowing the faster-moving plastic to be caught and concentrated in one area, while the marine life can safely swim underneath. Slat was so committed to this vision that he dropped out of college to focus entirely on his project. He founded “The Ocean Cleanup”, a non-profit organization committed to ridding the world’s oceans of plastic. The journey was far from smooth; his team faced severe criticism and technical failures during the early stages. However, instead of giving up, they analyzed every mistake and improved their design. Today, their technology is finally operational and has successfully removed tons of waste. The collected plastic is recycled into durable products like sunglasses, and the profits are used to fund further cleanup missions. Slat’s story serves as an inspiring reminder that age is just a number when it comes to solving global problems, and that with enough determination, we can turn a hopeless situation into a sustainable solution. 24. What was the key challenge in cleaning up the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? A. The plastic was too heavy to be lifted by ships. B. Plastic waste’s wide spread made cleaning costly and unachievable. C. The ocean currents were too strong for ships to navigate. D. The plastic was mixed with marine life, making it difficult to separate. 25. How does Slat’s passive system work to collect plastic? A. By using ships with nets to chase and catch the plastic. B. By using ocean currents to concentrate trash. C. By treating plastic with chemicals to make it small. D. By using floating barriers to trap plastic with currents. 26. How did Slat respond to the doubts and technical setbacks in the text? A. He published papers to prove experts wrong. B. He sought government support to solve technical issues. C. He ignored the criticism and stuck to his original plan. D. He adjusted his approach through learning from failures. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Boyan Slat? A. Analytical and modest. B. Innovative and practical. C. Realistic and cautious. D. Persistent and open-minded. C Pause for a moment and gaze into the eyes of your dog. Do you feel overwhelmed by how cute they are? Or, perhaps, a desire to squeeze (揉捏) them? Now think about your habits. Do you send them to daycare, dress them up in clothes, and bring them on vacations? Do you speak to them like a baby? If so, you’re not alone — after all, research shows our brains essentially respond in the same way to pet dogs as they do to human children. Our brains weren’t always wired this way, but as we domesticated (驯化) dogs, they developed human-like social and cognitive abilities. They started to act and even look like babies — and our brains began to view them as such. That’s why Zachary Silver, the director of the Canine Cognition Lab at Occidental College, isn’t at all surprised people feel so strongly about their four-legged friends — in fact, to him, it would be odd if they didn’t. “The dogs of today have been carefully selected over thousands of years to be kind and affectionate (温顺亲人的).” he says. So, if you’ve ever been laughed at for treating your dog like your actual human child, just know there are 20,000 to 40,000 years of evolution causing you to behave this way. Here’s how this powerful neurobiological (神经生物学的) response makes us love, trust, and care for our dogs. Your brain really does view your dog as a child. Alison LaCoss, a mother of three, says the moment she gave birth to her kids, she felt an overwhelming desire to love them and keep them safe. LaCoss’s behavior isn’t abnormal-and a brain imaging study conducted in 2014 provides some important clues as to why. To figure out what causes people to feel so intensely about their dogs, researchers from Harvard University invited a small group of mothers who had least one child between the ages of 2 to 10 and a dog they had owned for at least two years. The moms went into MRI machines and looked at various images of dogs and kids-some their own, and some not. The researchers found a significant overlap between the emotional experience of the mother-child relationship and the mother-dog relationship. The amygdala, a brain area that drives bond formation and reward, lit up when the women looked at pictures of their child and their dog. 28. Why does the author say “you’re not alone” in Paragraph 3? A. Because many people have dogs as pets. B. Because dogs are very popular among people. C. Because many people treat dogs like human children. D. Because dogs are the most faithful friends of humans. 29. What makes human brain react in the same way to children and dogs? A. Dogs’ wild nature. B. Dogs’ human-like characters. C. Humans’ love for the cute animals. D. Humans’ desire for close relationship. 30. The underlined word “overlap” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ____. A. shared area B. big difference C. good balance D. common need 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. The ways humans treat dogs. B. The history of dog domestication. C. The similarities between dogs and human children. D. The reasons why people treat dogs like human children. D There is a new type of camera that works in a way similar to human eyes, which may be very useful for astronomers. It can clearly show both extremely bright celestial bodies (天体) and not very bright objects in the same photo, and can also track fast-moving celestial bodies without motion-caused unclear images. Traditional digital cameras work by checking pixels (像素) many times per second, recording data from every pixel each time. These new cameras, known as event cameras, work differently: A pixel is only checked when the brightness at that pixel’s location changes. If the brightness at a point on the sensor is the same as the previous reading, no new data is stored. This is similar to how human eyes collect sensory information. This working method has advantages. For the same video, it stores less data as it only records pixels with changing brightness, and it can operate at a much higher rate. In addition, such cameras can show not very bright objects even with very bright ones nearby — these bright objects would cause overexposure in images taken by traditional cameras. This is because its pixels detect light in a different way instead of following a linear scale. To explore the potential of this technology in astronomy, Chetan Singh Thakur from the Indian Institute of Science and his colleagues installed these cameras on each of the two telescopes in India. They successfully got clear images of objects between the Earth and the Moon and also took pictures of the Siria binary system, which consists of Sirius A, the brightest star in the night sky, and Sirius B. Mark Norris from the University of Central Lancashire in the UK, not involved in the study, pointed out that Sirius A is about 10,000 times brighter than Sirius B, which means traditional sensors can never show both clearly in a single photo. Meanwhile, Singh Thakur added, “These cameras are also excellent at detecting fast-moving objects due to their higher rates. You can shoot at very high speeds and still get fast-moving objects. Ordinary cameras would only produce unclear images.” 32. How does the author begin paragraph 1? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving a definition. C. By describing a phenomenon. D. By drawing a comparison. 33. Which statement fits the event cameras’ working mode? A. They check pixels constantly. B. They tend to store the same data. C. They focus on changing brightness data. D. They record stable pixels’ locations. 34. What does paragraph 4 mainly show about the event cameras? A. Their major components. B. Their installation process. C. Their potential advantages. D. Their practical application. 35. What is Mark Norris’s attitude to the event cameras? A. Approving. B. Watchful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Space exploration has made remarkable progress in 2024. It has opened up new possibilities and inspired many young people to dream big. First of all, more and more countries are joining the space race. ____36____ They are launching satellites, sending probes to other planets, and even planning manned spaceflights. This shows that space exploration is no longer the exclusive domain (专属领域) of a few powerful countries. Secondly, private space companies have played an increasingly important role. ____37____ For example, SpaceX has successfully launched many rockets and is working on ambitious projects like colonizing Mars. These companies bring new ideas and technologies to the field of space exploration. In addition, space tourism is becoming a reality. ____38____ Some wealthy individuals have paid a large amount of money to travel to space and experience the weightlessness and the beauty of the universe. This not only satisfies people’s curiosity but also promotes the development of the space industry. Moreover, the discovery of water on the moon has excited scientists. ____39____ It means that there may be life on the moon or other planets in the future. Scientists are also looking for other signs of life in the universe, and they believe that we are not alone. Finally, space exploration has a positive impact on our daily life. ____40____ For example, the technology used in space exploration has been applied to communication, navigation, and weather forecasting, making our life more convenient and safe. A. They have launched their own rockets and spacecraft. B. Water is the basic element for life. C. China has made great achievements in space exploration. D. It has brought many benefits to our life. E. Some people have the opportunity to travel to space. F. The exploration of space is full of challenges. G. Many countries have their own space programs. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had many adventures as a child, but one stands out on the local football field at Pacaembu, Brazil, the home of many football geniuses. I was ____41____ my team when our goalkeeper got injured. No one else volunteered, so I _____42_____ unwillingly, never having tried the position before. I felt ____43____ in the unfamiliar spot. Soon, a striker broke through and I rushed to ____44____ his shot. His boot caught me right in the face in the ____45____. The cut was deep and blood began pouring down. I had no money for a taxi and was too embarrassed to get on a bus with a ____46____ face. I asked a friend for a ____47____ on his bicycle, but the bridge on our way was too steep for him to pedal with my ____48____. I had to walk the rest of the way, ____49____ my heavy kitbag. People stared at my face in shock, but I kept moving. The long walk home felt like a lonely march of ____50____. When I finally arrived, my grandmother treated the wound with medicine. Seeing my downcast eyes, she whispered, “The mark on your face isn’t a sign of failure, but a proof of your ____51____. You stood where others wouldn’t.” Her words ____52____ me faster than any treatment. That wasn’t the only time I got hurt on those overused playgrounds. Injuries were frequent, but they ____53____ me for the struggles ahead. Over time, I realized the wound became a medal of ____54____, a symbol of pride and courage. It taught me being a sportsman meant ____55____every ball life throws without fear. 41. A. following B. leading C. inviting D. observing 42. A. cheered up B. called out C. stepped up D. dropped out 43. A. uneasy B. impatient C. ashamed D. distracted 44. A. record B. spot C. block D. grasp 45. A. hit B. fight C. touch D. crash 46. A. muddy B. sweaty C. sun-burnt D. bloody 47. A. favor B. lift C. comfort D. option 48. A. weight B. quantity C. height D. strength 49. A. packing B. displaying C. dragging D. raising 50. A. defeat B. silence C. delay D. blame 51. A. honesty B. cooperation C. responsibility D. discipline 52. A. shifted B. dominated C. inspired D. healed 53. A. reserved B. recalled C. exposed D. prepared 54. A. honor B. expectation C. insight D. motivation 55. A. attacking B. braving C. gathering D. predicting 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 People who like road trips will love the Great Ocean Road in the southeastern Australian province of Victoria. Known as one of the world’s most stunning drives, it ____56____(feature) spectacular scenery of white beaches, coastal cliffs, thick forests, and spectacular natural formations. Construction on the road began in 1919, when servicemen returned home from the First World War. ____57____ (carve) through rock and hugging the coastline for over 240 kilometres, the Great Ocean Road took more than a decade to complete in honour of Australia’s fallen soldiers. The Great Ocean Road begins in Torquay, ____58____ town southwest of Melbourne. From there it stretches west along the shoreline to Allansford ____59____ (pass) through coastal towns with fascinating attractions and incredible views. Torquay is famous for surf culture. It’s a great place to learn how to surf, ____60____ several schools offering group and private lessons from beginner right on up. In Anglesea, a round at the Anglesea Golf Club offers another ____61____ (true) Australian experience — golfing among ____62____ (kangaroo). Along the road, you will reach Great Otway National Park. The rich biodiversity and ____63____ (mood) landscapes make the Otway one of Australia’s most favourite natural places. The Great Ocean Road inspires the imagination, taking travelers on a journey ____64____ nature, adventure, and wonder meet. Revealing natural landscapes silently reminds us ____65____ stands today may not be here tomorrow. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华。你的新西兰朋友Alan发来邮件询问你最喜欢的海洋动物是什么。请你给他回信，内容包括: 1. 你最喜欢的海洋动物的名称； 2. 喜欢的理由； 3. 应该如何保护它们。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Alan, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every day after school, Lucas and Noah pressed their noses against Mr. Henderson’s shop window. They stared at the red bicycle that stood proudly in the center of the display. For months, they had saved every spare coin, yet the price still seemed far beyond their reach. When the first snow of winter covered their town, the brothers saw an opportunity. They grabbed their shovels (铲子), determined to turn the snowfall into savings through hard work. They started in their own neighborhood. But many residents had already cleared their walkways, and those who hadn’t only offered a few coins for short paths. After several tiring hours, they had earned just seven dollars — far less than they hoped. Refusing to give up, they headed to Maple Street, where the houses were bigger and the driveways deeper in snow. Noah knocked on the door of a beautiful Victorian house. Mrs. Williams answered, looking like she was in a hurry. When Noah asked if she needed her driveway shoveled, she agreed at once. She took a twenty-dollar bill from her purse and placed it into Noah’s hand. “I have to rush out,” she said with an encouraging smile. “I’ll leave it in your capable hands.” The boys stared at the bill, amazed. Twenty dollars — more than they had made the entire day! Laughing in disbelief, they set to work with fresh energy. The initial excitement carried them through the first hour of work. But as the afternoon darkened and the temperature dropped, the work became harder. Their hands grew numb (麻木)， their muscles ached, and the long driveway seemed endless. Halfway through, Lucas threw down his shovel in frustration (沮丧). “Let’s just go. She’ll never know we didn’t finish.” 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Noah’s aching hands seemed to agree with his brother’s words. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As they cleared the final shovel of snow, Mrs. Williams’ car returned. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $