专题03 用所给词的适当形式填空（专项训练）五升六年级英语暑假专项提升（外研版三起·新教材）

专题03 用所给词的适当形式填空 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 五年级的“用所给词的适当形式填空”重点考查词性转换、时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、代词、形容词 / 副词比较级、固定搭配： （一）答题技巧 1.判词性：先看括号内单词是名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词哪一类。 2.看位置：根据单词在句中的位置，判断该用什么形式。 3.找标志：抓时间状语、主语、句型、固定搭配等提示词。 4.定形式：结合语法规则变形（单复数、时态、比较级、非谓语等）。 5.通读检查：翻译整句，核对语法、拼写、单复数是否正确。 （二）核心考点梳理 1. 动词变形（最高频） 一般现在时：主语三单（he/she/it/ 人名 / 单数名词） → 动词 + s/es 现在进行时：look/listen/now → be + 动词 ing 情态动词（can/may/must/will）+ 动词原形 不定式：want to do /like to do /decide to do → to + 动词原形 固定搭配：like doing /enjoy doing /practise doing → 动词 ing 2. 名词变形 前面有 many/some/several/ 数词 > 1 → 变复数 a/an/this/that + 单数名词；不可数名词无复数 3. 形容词 & 副词 修饰名词 → 用形容词；修饰动词 / 整个句子 → 用副词（+ly） 出现 than → 用比较级 4. 代词 动词 / 介词后 → 用宾格（I→me, he→him, she→her） 修饰名词 → 用形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her） 固定短语：牢记单元搭配，形式固定不变。 二、分单元知识梳理 Unit 1 Growing up 成长 1. 核心话题：描述人的外貌、性格、能力、过去与现在的变化，侧重人物成长。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 名词：child (孩子)→children (复数)；age (年龄)；hair (头发，不可数) 形容词：young (年轻的)、old (年老的)、short (矮 / 短)、tall (高)、quiet (安静的)、active (活泼的) 动词：grow (成长)、change (改变)、learn (学习)、could (can 过去式) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点 一般过去时（核心） ①　标志词：before, long ago, when I was... ②　规则：动词变过去式；can → could ③　例句：I could not swim before.（以前我不会游泳） ④　名词单复数：one child → two children（不规则复数，必考） ⑤　be 动词用法：过去：was/were；现在：am/is/are 4. 常考句型 When I was young, I was short. 我小时候个子矮。 I am taller now. 我现在更高了。 Unit 2 You can make a difference 你可以带来改变 1. 核心话题：乐于助人、关爱他人、做有意义的事、个人行动与影响。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 动词：help (帮助)、share (分享)、care (关心)、try (努力)、do (做) 名词：friend (朋友)→friends；people (人们，本身复数)；thing (事情) 形容词：kind (善良的)、nice (友善的)、happy (开心的) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点 ① 情态动词 can 规则：can + 动词原形（必考） 例：We can help others. ② 固定搭配（动词 ing） like doing /enjoy doing → 动词 + ing 例：I like helping my classmates. ③ 主谓一致（一般现在时） 主语三单（he/she/Tom）→ 动词 + s/es 例：She often shares books with me. 4. 常考句型 You can make a difference. 你可以带来改变。 Let’s help others. 让我们帮助别人。 Unit 3 We love reading 我们爱阅读 1. 核心话题：书籍、阅读习惯、喜欢的读物、阅读的乐趣。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 名词：book→books；story→stories；page (页码)；magazine (杂志) 动词：read (阅读)、love (喜爱)、begin (开始)、finish (完成) 形容词：interesting (有趣的)、funny (滑稽的)、useful (有用的) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点 ① like / love + doing sth（高频） 例：I love reading storybooks. ② some + 可数名词复数 some books / some stories ③ 动词不定式 want to do /begin to do → to + 动词原形 例：I want to read a book. ④ 形容词用法：修饰名词用原形，无比较级时直接用原级 4. 常考句型 I love reading different books. 我喜欢读各类书籍。 These stories are interesting. 这些故事很有趣。 Unit 4 Back in time 回到过去 1. 核心话题：古代生活、过去的事物、历史、古今生活对比。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 名词：time (时间)、life (生活)→lives (复数)；house→houses；food (食物，不可数) 动词：live (居住)、use (使用)、work (工作)、have (有) 副词：before (以前)、long ago (很久以前) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点 ① 一般过去时 1　 标志词：long ago, in the past, before 2　 规则动词过去式：+ed（live→lived, work→worked, use→used） 3　 不规则变化：have → had；do → did 4　 句型：There was/were…（过去有……） 5　 例：Long ago, people lived in small houses. 4. 常考句型 Life was different long ago. 很久以前生活不一样。 People didn’t use phones before. 以前人们不用手机。 Unit 5 Work it out 解决问题 1. 核心话题：思考、解决难题、动脑筋、学习方法、问答思考类表达。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 动词：think (思考)、solve (解决)、find (找到)、try (尝试)、understand (理解) 名词：problem (问题)→problems；question→questions；answer (答案) 形容词：clever (聪明的)、difficult (困难的)、easy (简单的) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点 ① 情态动词 can /must/should + 动词原形 例：You can work it out. ② many + 名词复数 many problems 许多问题 ③ 固定搭配 try to do sth 努力做某事 → try to solve think about + doing ④ 形容词辨析：difficult/easy 修饰名词或作表语 4. 常考句型 Let’s work it out. 我们一起来解决它。 This problem is difficult. 这个问题很难。 Unit 6 Then and now 过去和现在 1. 核心话题：全面对比过去与现在（生活、学习、能力、环境、个人变化）。 2. 重点词汇 & 词性考点 名词：change (变化)、day→days、school→schools 动词：is/am→was；are→were；learn→learned/learnt 副词：then (那时)、now (现在) 3. 核心语法 & 填空考点（两大时态对比，填空必考） 一般过去时（then/before）：was/were、动词过去式 一般现在时（now）：am/is/are、动词原形 / 三单 比较级（本单元新增重点） 1　 标志词：than（比） 2　 规则：tall→taller, short→shorter, big→bigger 例：Now I am taller than before. · 名词单复数、代词变形综合考查 4. 常考句型 · Things are different now. 现在情况不一样了。 · I was short then. Now I am tall. 那时我很矮，现在我长高了。 小试牛刀 1、 根据所给图片、中文或首字母提示填空。 1．1. I ________ (be) short when I was young. 2. She likes ________ (read) storybooks. 3. We can ________ (help) other people. 4. There are many ________ (child) in the classroom. 5. Long ago, people ________ (live) in small houses. 6. Now I ________ (be) tall and strong. 7. He often ________ (share) his books with friends. 8. I love ________ (read) books in my free time. 9. You can ________ (make) a big difference. 10. There are some ________ (story) in this book. 11. People ________ (have) no phones long ago. 12. I want ________ (solve) this problem. 13. She ________ (be) quiet five years ago. 14. We enjoy ________ (learn) new things. 15. Tom can ________ (work) out difficult questions. 16. There are many ________ (problem) for us to study. 17. My life ________ (change) a lot now. 18. They ________ (not use) computers before. 19. I ________ (can) swim when I was five. 20. He likes ________ (try) new ways to study. 21. This book is very ________ (interest). 22. We ________ (be) active in class now. 23. Long ago, farmers ________ (work) hard every day. 24. She wants ________ (read) a magazine tonight. 25. There are some ________ (book) on the desk. 26. You should ________ (think) carefully. 27. I ________ (learn) many new skills now. 28. They ________ (be) in small houses then. 29. He often ________ (care) for his classmates. 30. Reading is very ________ (use) for us. 31. ________ (be) you tall when you were little? 32. My brother ________ (not like) reading picture books. 33. What ________ (do) people do long ago? 34. Can you ________ (find) the answer to this question? 35. Now my home is much ________ (big) than before. 36. She ________ (not can) ride a bike three years ago. 37. How many ________ (magazine) do you have? 38. He tries ________ (help) others every day. 39. Were there any ________ (computer) in the old school? 40. I am ________ (tall) than my little sister. 41. What ________ (be) your life like ten years ago? 42. They ________ (not live) in cities long ago. 43. Does she love ________ (write) stories? 44. You are ________ (clever) than you think. 45. Where ________ (do) people get food in the past? 46. We finish ________ (read) books every evening. 47. Can they ________ (make) a difference in their life? 48. My school is ________ (beautiful) than before. 49. He ________ (not share) his toys with others. 50. What are you ________ (learn) from reading? 51. There ________ (be) no buses in the village long ago. 52. I begin ________ (understand) this difficult problem. 53. Do you like ________ (solve) math problems? 54. She is ________ (active) than she was before. 55. How ________ (change) your life in these years? 56. They can’t ________ (finish) the work in ten minutes. 57. Were you ________ (quiet) in class when you were young? 58. He often ________ (try) his best to help others. 59. What did you ________ (do) in your free time before? 60. Our classroom is ________ (clean) than last term. 61. We ________ (not have) mobile phones when we were little. 62. Does he enjoy ________ (read) history books? 63. Can you ________ (explain) this problem to me? 64. The stories are ________ (funny) than the pictures. 65. Where did they ________ (live) 100 years ago? 66. She stops ________ (play) and starts to study. 67. Is your life ________ (easy) than before? 68. They ________ (care) about old people every weekend. 69. What are you good at ________ (do)? 70. He ________ (not work) on Sundays. 71. When I was young, I ________ (not know) how to read books. 72. Now I am used to ________ (read) every morning. 73. How ________ (be) your life different from ten years ago? 74. People ________ (use) fire to cook food long ago, but now they use electricity. 75. The more you read, the ________ (smart) you will be. 76. Did you ________ (learn) to solve problems by yourself before? 77. She never stops ________ (try) when she meets difficulties. 78. What ________ (make) you love reading so much? 79. Our world is ________ (good) than it was in the past. 80. They ________ (become) more helpful since last year. 81. Could you tell me how ________ (work) out this problem? 82. I was shy then, but now I am much ________ (brave). 83. Why ________ (do) people live a hard life long ago? 84. He practises ________ (read) English every day. 85. There ________ (be) more tall buildings in our city now than before. 86. Did your mother ________ (help) others when she was young? 87. Reading books makes us ________ (clever) and more knowledgeable. 88. We should keep ________ (learn) and never give up. 89. What changes ________ (happen) in your school these years? 90. She ________ (can not) speak English well before, but now she can. 91. This problem is ________ (difficult) than the last one. 92. How do you make a difference by ________ (do) small things? 93. Long ago, children ________ (have) no time to read for fun. 94. He hopes ________ (change) himself through hard study. 95. Are you ________ (happy) with your life now than before? 96. Why do you like ________ (solve) difficult problems? 97. Our teachers always tell us ________ (help) people in need. 98. Things ________ (become) easier when you think hard. 99. No one ________ (can) do everything well at first. 100. What did people ________ (do) to make their life better in the past? 参考答案 1. was 解析：时间状语 when I was young 为一般过去时，主语I对应的be动词过去式用was。 2. reading 解析：固定搭配 like doing sth.（喜欢做某事），后接动词ing形式。 3. help 解析：情态动词can 后必须接动词原形。 4. children 解析：many（许多）后接可数名词复数，child为不规则复数，变形为children。 5. lived 解析：Long ago（很久以前）为一般过去时标志，规则动词live变过去式加ed。 6. am 解析：时间状语 now 为一般现在时，主语I对应be动词am。 7. shares 解析：主语He为第三人称单数，一般现在时，动词share变三单加s。 8. reading 解析：固定搭配 love doing sth.（喜爱做某事），后接动词ing形式。 9. make 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形。 10. stories 解析：some后接可数名词复数，story以辅音+y结尾，变复数变y为i加es。 11. had 解析：long ago为一般过去时，have为不规则动词，过去式为had。 12. to solve 解析：固定搭配 want to do sth.（想要做某事），后接动词不定式。 13. was 解析：five years ago（五年前）为过去时，主语she对应be动词was。 14. learning 解析：固定搭配 enjoy doing sth.（享受做某事），后接动词ing形式。 15. work 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形。 16. problems 解析：many后接可数名词复数，problem直接加s。 17. changes 解析：主语My life为单数，一般现在时，动词change变三单加s。 18. didn’t use 解析：before表过去，一般过去时否定句用didn’t+动词原形。 19. couldn’t 解析：when I was five表过去，can的过去式could，否定形式为couldn’t。 20. trying 解析：like doing sth. 固定搭配，后接动词ing形式。 21. interesting 解析：修饰事物book，用-ing形容词interesting（有趣的）。 22. are 解析：now为现在时，主语we对应be动词are。 23. worked 解析：long ago表过去，规则动词work过去式加ed。 24. to read 解析：want to do sth. 固定搭配，接动词不定式。 25. books 解析：some后接可数名词复数，book直接加s。 26. think 解析：情态动词 should 后接动词原形。 27. am learning 解析：now为现在进行时标志，结构be+doing，主语I用am。 28. were 解析：then（那时）表过去，主语they对应be动词were。 29. cares 解析：主语He为三单，一般现在时，care变三单加s。 30. useful 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，use的形容词形式useful（有用的）。 31. Were 解析：when you were little表过去，主语you对应be动词过去式were，句首大写。 32. doesn’t like 解析：主语My brother为三单，一般现在时否定用doesn’t+动词原形。 33. did 解析：long ago表过去，特殊疑问句用助动词did，后接动词原形。 34. find 解析：情态动词can后接动词原形。 35. bigger 解析：than（比）为比较级标志，big双写g加er变比较级。 36. couldn’t 解析：three years ago表过去，can的过去式否定为couldn’t。 37. magazines 解析：How many后必须接可数名词复数，magazine加s。 38. to help 解析：固定搭配 try to do sth.（努力做某事），接不定式。 39. computers 解析：any用于疑问句，后接可数名词复数。 40. taller 解析：than为比较级标志，tall直接加er。 41. was 解析：ten years ago表过去，主语life为单数，be动词用was。 42. didn’t live 解析：long ago过去时，否定句didn’t+动词原形。 43. writing 解析：love doing sth. 固定搭配，接动词ing形式。 44. cleverer 解析：than比较级标志，clever比较级直接加er。 45. did 解析：in the past表过去，疑问句用助动词did。 46. reading 解析：固定搭配 finish doing sth.（完成做某事），接ing形式。 47. make 解析：can情态动词，后接动词原形。 48. more beautiful 解析：than比较级，多音节形容词beautiful比较级加more。 49. doesn’t share 解析：主语He三单，一般现在时否定doesn’t+动词原形。 50. learning 解析：现在进行时结构be+doing，are后接learn的ing形式。 51. were 解析：long ago过去时，buses为复数，be动词用were。 52. to understand 解析：固定搭配 begin to do sth.（开始做某事），接不定式。 53. solving 解析：like doing sth. 固定搭配，接ing形式。 54. more active 解析：than比较级，多音节形容词active前加more。 55. changes 解析：主语your life单数，一般现在时，动词变三单。 56. finish 解析：can’t是can not缩写，情态动词后接动词原形。 57. quiet 解析：be动词后接形容词作表语，用原级。 58. tries 解析：主语He三单，一般现在时，try变三单为tries。 59. do 解析：助动词did后，动词必须用原形。 60. cleaner 解析：than比较级标志，clean直接加er。 61. didn’t have 解析：when we were little表过去，否定用didn’t+动词原形。 62. reading 解析：enjoy doing sth. 固定搭配，接ing形式。 63. explain 解析：can情态动词，后接动词原形。 64. funnier 解析：than比较级，funny变y为i加er。 65. live 解析：did助动词后，动词用原形。 66. playing 解析：固定搭配 stop doing sth.（停止正在做的事），接ing形式。 67. easier 解析：than比较级，easy变y为i加er。 68. care 解析：主语they复数，一般现在时，动词用原形。 69. doing 解析：固定搭配be good at doing sth.（擅长做某事），接ing形式。 70. doesn’t work 解析：主语He三单，一般现在时否定，用doesn’t+动词原形。 71. didn’t know 解析：when I was young表过去，一般过去时否定didn’t+动词原形。 72. reading 解析：固定搭配 be used to doing sth.（习惯于做某事），接ing形式。 73. is 解析：描述现在的状态，一般现在时，主语life单数用is。 74. used 解析：long ago表过去，use过去式为used。 75. smarter 解析：固定句型 the+比较级，the+比较级（越……越……），smart变比较级smarter。 76. learn 解析：助动词did后，动词用原形。 77. trying 解析：固定搭配 stop doing sth. 停止做某事，接ing形式。 78. makes 解析：疑问词What作主语，视作单数，一般现在时动词变三单。 79. better 解析：than比较级，good不规则比较级为better。 80. have become 解析：since last year（自从去年）为现在完成时标志，结构have/has+过去分词。 81. to work 解析：固定结构 how to do sth.（如何做某事），不定式作宾语。 82. braver 解析：much修饰比较级，brave比较级为braver。 83. did 解析：long ago表过去，特殊疑问句用助动词did。 84. reading 解析：固定搭配 practise doing sth.（练习做某事），接ing形式。 85. are 解析：now表现在，buildings复数，be动词用are。 86. help 解析：did助动词后，动词用原形。 87. cleverer 解析：固定搭配 make sb. + 形容词（使某人……），than暗含比较，用比较级。 88. learning 解析：固定搭配 keep doing sth.（坚持做某事），接ing形式。 89. have happened 解析：these years（这些年）为现在完成时标志，用have+过去分词。 90. couldn’t 解析：before表过去，can的过去式否定为couldn’t，前后时态对比。 91. more difficult 解析：than比较级，多音节词difficult前加more。 92. doing 解析：介词by后接动词ing形式。 93. had 解析：long ago表过去，have过去式为had。 94. to change 解析：固定搭配 hope to do sth.（希望做某事），接不定式。 95. happier 解析：than比较级，happy变y为i加er。 96. solving 解析：like doing sth. 固定搭配，接ing形式。 97. to help 解析：固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.（告诉某人做某事），接不定式。 98. become 解析：主语things复数，一般现在时，动词用原形。 99. can 解析：陈述客观事实，一般现在时，情态动词用原形。 100. do 解析：did助动词后，动词用原形。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $