专题09 阅读理解（专项训练）四升五年级英语暑假专项提升（外研版三起·新教材）

**基本信息** 以“技巧-考点-模板-实战”四维体系构建阅读理解突破路径，融合语言能力培养与思维品质训练，实现方法迁移与考点精准覆盖。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |答题技巧|4大技巧+口诀|信号词识别、关键词锁定、长句拆分、避坑策略|从语言形式（句型）到内容理解（语义）递进| |分单元考点|6主题单元|高频句型分类（职业/情绪等）|主题词汇-句型结构-阅读应用的逻辑链| |答题模板|3类题型|判断/选择/填空标准化步骤|题型特征与解题策略一一对应| |小试牛刀|11篇阅读（含判断/选择/填空）|以题载法，强化技巧应用|覆盖核心主题，再现高频易错点|

专题09 阅读理解 · 内容导航 · 01：答题技巧 02：小试牛刀 答题技巧 一、阅读理解答题技巧 1. 抓 “信号词”，懂句型 看到这些词，立刻反应句型： What/Where/Who/How → 问句（找答句：名词 / 地点 / 方式） can → 能力句（“会做某事”，后 + 动词原形） be（is/are）+ doing → 正在做（现在进行时） feel + 形容词 → 感觉……（情绪） in/at/on → 地点 / 时间（放在句末） because → 原因（回答 why） 2. 找 “关键词”，锁定意思 每个句子圈 1–2 个核心词： 职业句：doctor, teacher, work 情绪句：happy, sad, tired, feel 能力句：sing, dance, draw, can 植物句：grow, plant, water, leaves 活动句：play, have, club, school 服装句：wear, dress, coat, shoes 3. 拆 “长句”，化简单（最重要） 口诀：先找主谓，再看修饰，最后看标点 英文语序：主语 → 动词 → 宾语 / 表语 → 地点 / 时间 例：She works in a hospital. 主语：she；动词：works；地点：in a hospital 意思：她在医院工作。 4. 判断题 / 选择题 “避坑” 同义替换：原文 happy = 选项 glad 反义干扰：原文 sad ≠ 选项 happy 偷换名词：原文 doctor ≠ 选项 teacher 漏看三单：he works ✔；he work ❌ 二、分单元阅读考点梳理 Unit 1 People at work（职业与工作） 1. 阅读主题：介绍人物职业、工作地点、工作状态 2. 高频句型（必考理解） What does he do? 他是做什么的？（问职业） He is a doctor. 他是一名医生。（答职业） He works in a hospital. 他在医院工作。（地点） He often works hard. 他经常努力工作。（状态） Unit 2 How do you feel today?（情绪与感受） 1. 阅读主题：询问 / 描述情绪、安慰他人 2. 高频句型 How do you feel today? 你今天感觉怎么样？ I feel happy/sad/tired/angry. 我感到…… He/She feels tired. 他 / 她感到累。（三单） Don’t be angry. 别生气。（安慰） Are you feeling sad? 你难过吗？（进行时表情绪） Unit 3 Everyone's got talent!（才艺与能力） 1. 阅读主题：谈论能力、特长、擅长某事 2. 高频句型 What can you do? 你会做什么？ I can sing/dance/draw. 我会……（can + 原形） He is good at dancing. 他擅长跳舞。（at+doing） Can she play the piano? 她会弹钢琴吗？ Everyone’s got talent. 人人有天赋。 Unit 4 Plant life（植物生长） 1. 阅读主题：植物生长过程、需求、特征 2. 高频句型 The plant is growing. 植物正在生长。（be+doing） It needs water and sunlight. 它需要水和阳光。 Plants grow in spring. 植物在春天生长。 The leaves are green. 叶子是绿的。 It grows fast. 它长得快。 Unit 5 School activities（校园活动） 1. 阅读主题：学校日常、社团活动、场所 2. 高频句型 We have classes at school. 我们在学校上课。 They play football in the playground. 他们在操场踢球。 She takes part in the art club. 她参加美术社团。 There is a library in our school. 学校有图书馆。 We play with friends after school. 放学后和朋友玩。 Unit 6 Cool clothes（服装与穿着） 1. 阅读主题：穿着描述、服装特征、喜好 2. 高频句型 What are you wearing? 你穿着什么？ I’m wearing a red dress. 我穿着红裙子。（be+wearing） This coat is cool. 这件外套很酷。 She likes her new shoes. 她喜欢新鞋。 He is wearing a blue T-shirt. 他穿着蓝 T 恤。 三、阅读例句答题模板 1. 判断题（T/F） 步骤：找原文关键词 → 对比题目关键词 → 同义 = T，不同 = F 模板：原文 “…A…”，题目 “…B…” → A=B→T；A≠B→F 2. 选择题 步骤：圈题干疑问词（What/Where/When/How）→ 回原文找对应句 → 匹配选项 模板：问 “What…?”→找名词；问 “Where…?”→找地点 3. 填空题 步骤：看空格前后词 → 回原文找原词 / 同义词 → 注意单复数、大小写 模板：原文 “in spring”→空格填 “spring” 小试牛刀 一、阅读短文，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 Miss Wang works in a factory. She is a factory worker. She makes toys for children. She works hard. She loves her job. Mr Zhao is a teacher. He works at Green Light Middle School. He is kind. He is the best friend of students. James drives a police car at night. He is a police officer. He is busy at night. He helps keep people safe. Jimmy is a fireman. He uses water to put out(熄灭) fires. He's brave(勇敢的). He goes to work by bus. Tom works at a post office. He brings letters to people every day. ( ) 1. Miss Wang makes cakes for children. ( ) 2. Mr Zhao works in a fire station. ( ) 3. James keeps people safe. ( ) 4. Jimmy is a brave fireman. ( ) 5.Tom isa postman. 二、阅读短文，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 Many things can affect (影响) our feelings, for example (例如), weather and colours. Different weather can make people have different feelings. Sunny days can make us happy and excited. Rainy or cloudy days can make us feel sad. Colours can also bring people different feelings. Red is the colour of a big fire. It can make us feel angry. Blue is the colour of a cloudless (无云的) sky. It can make us feel sad. Yellow is the colour of the sun. It can make us feel happy and excited. Black is the colour of the night. It can make us feel scared and worried. ( ) 1. Weather can affect people's feelings. But colours can't. ( ) 2. People feel excited in cloudless days. ( ) 3. When you are sad, you can see some red things to be happy. ( ) 4. People may feel scared when they see the colour of black. 三、阅读对话，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 John: Hey, why are you crying? Tim: I can't find my classmates. John: Don't worry. Let me help you. Tim: Do you see my classmates? John: Yes. I see some students. Tim: Where are they? John: They're on the farm. Tim: What are they doing? John: Two students are picking apples. Three students are cutting the grass. Tim: Let's go and see. John: OK. Tim: Yes, these are my classmates. Thank you. John: You're welcome. Bye! ( ) 1. Tim is crying because he can't find his classmates. ( ) 2. John sees four students. ( ) 3. Tim's classmates are on the farm. ( ) 4. All of Tim's classmates are picking apples. ( ) 5. Finally（最后）， Tim finds his classmates. 四、Lily和家人一起在田地里干活。读图，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。 ( ) 1.Grandma is picking apples. ( ) 2. Dad is digging. ( ) 3. Lily is planting seeds. ( ) 4. Mum is planting an orange tree. ( ) 5. Jerry is watering the plant. 五、阅读短文，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 Some plants have flowers. And they can make seeds. Most(大多数) seeds are in the fruits. Some fruits have one seed, some have two, three or four, and some have many seeds. A few fruits have no seeds at all, for example(比如), bananas. Some plants don't have flowers. Most of them do not grow from seeds. They grow from spores(孢子). Plants are very useful(有用的) to us. We can use them to make paper, chairs, and many other things. ( ) 1. All plants have flowers. ( ) 2. You can find seeds in all the fruits. ( ) 3. Bananas have no seeds. ( ) 4. All plants grow from seeds. ( ) 5. We can only use plants to make paper. 六、Ms Smith向同学们分享了学校里的一些职业。阅读短文,完成下列任务。 Jobs at school Do you want to work at a school? You can be a teacher. But there are lots of other jobs you can do at a school, too. Do you like helping students? You can be a school nurse and take care of students. Do you like driving cars? You can be a school bus driver and take students home. Are you good at cleaning? You can be a cleaner and make our school clean. Do you want to be a cook? You can work in the canteen(食堂) and cook nice food for students. There are lots of fun jobs at a school. 任务一:根据短文内容，补全句子，将答案写在横线上。 1.A ________________ takes care of students. 2. A ________________ takes students home from school. 3. A ________________ cooks nice food for students. 4. A ________________ makes the school clean. 任务二：根据你的实际情况，回答问题。 5.—What do you want to be? —I want to be a(n)__________________. 七、阅读故事，完成下列任务。 It is sunny today. Mr Bear wants to play with his friends. First, he sees Mr Dog. Mr Dog is running. He wants to run with Mr Dog. But he can't. Mr Dog says, "You are fat (胖的). You should do more exercise (多做运动) ." Then, he sees Mr Duck. Mr Duck is swimming in the pool (池塘). Mr Bear wants to swim with Mr Duck. But he can't. Mr Duck says, "You are fat. You should do more exercise." He can't find a friend to play with. He is sad. Then, Mr Dog and Mr Duck come and say, "Let's do exercise together." Mr Bear is happy now. 任务一：根据故事内容，用数字 1~3 给下列图片排序。 ( ) ( ) ( ) 任务二：根据故事内容，选择正确的答案。 ( ) 1. What's the weather today? A. It's rainy. B. It's sunny. C. It's windy. ( ) 2. Why is Mr Bear happy finally? A. Because he can do exercise with Mr Dog and Mr Duck. B. Because he wants to play with Mr Dog and Mr Duck. C. Because he can't find a friend to play with. ( ) 3. Which of the following sentences is right? A. Mr Dog can swim. B. Mr Duck can run. C. Mr Bear is fat. He should do more exercise. 八、Lingling听爸爸讲了华罗庚的故事。阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 Hua Luogeng is a great Chinese mathematician (数学家). Hua Luogeng thinks maths is interesting. He has got number talent. He comes from a poor family. After middle school, he can't go to high school. He stays at home and helps his father in the shop (商店). But he studies maths on his own. Hua Luogeng works very hard. With his talent and hard work, he becomes(变成) a world-famous mathematician. ( ) 1. Hua Luogeng is good at ________. A. music B. art C. maths ( ) 2. Why can't Hua Luogeng go to high school? A. Because his father is famous. B. Because his family is poor. C. Because he is great. ( ) 3. Hua Luogeng helps his father_________. A. with his maths B. in the school C. in the shop ( ) 4. The underlined word "world-famous” means “________” in Chinese. A.举世闻名的 B. 普通的 C. 有趣的 ( ) 5. Which of the following sentences is not right? A. Hua Luogeng has got a great talent in maths. B. Hua Luogeng stops studying maths after middle school. C. Talent and hard work make Hua Luogeng shine. 九、阅读短文，选择正确的答案。 My name is Cathy. I'm nine years old. It's summer now. I wear school uniforms from Monday to Friday. I like the shirt and the skirt because they are beautiful. In summer, I like wearing a dress at weekends. My father works in an office(办公室) from Monday to Friday. He wears a grey suit (西装), a blue shirt, and a purple tie (领带). He doesn't like wearing a suit. It's too hot. But all the men in his office wear a suit. It's Saturday today. It's sunny and hot. My father is playing with me in the park. He's wearing a T-shirt and shorts. "I like wearing these clothes," he says. ( ) 1. What does Cathy wear from Monday to Friday? A. She wears a shirt and a skirt. B. She wears a shirt and trousers. C. She wears a T-shirt and shorts. ( ) 2. What does Cathy like wearing on Saturday in summer? A. She likes wearing a shirt. B. She likes wearing a skirt. C. She likes wearing a dress. ( ) 3. Where does Cathy's father work from Monday to Friday? A. He works in a school. B. He works in an office. C. He works in the park. ( ) 4. Does Cathy's father like wearing a suit? A. Yes, he does. B. No, he doesn't. C. No, he likes school uniforms. ( ) 5. Which of the following sentences is right? A. Cathy is a student. B. Cathy's father wears a grey suit, a blue shirt, and a red tie from Monday to Friday. C. Cathy's father likes wearing a suit on Saturday. 十、阅读短文，完成下列任务。 Today is Sunday. Ben doesn't go out. He is talking about traditional Chinese clothes with his family. Mum says, "Qipao is a traditional Chinese dress. It's usually made of silk. Sometimes it's made of cotton. Many women like qipao very much." Dad says, "Look at this picture! The anchors(节目主持人) are wearing Tang Suits. They look nice in these traditional clothes." Ben says, "I like Hanfu best. I think it's cool to wear Hanfu and take photos." Ben's sister says,"I think modern（现代的） clothes are better than（比) traditional ones. They're more comfortable(更舒适的).” In the end, they all agree, "Fashion(时尚) should be comfortable first.” 任务一：根据短文内容，选择正确的答案。 ( ) 1. Where does Peter talk with his parents? A. At home. B. At school. C. In a clothes shop. ( ) 2. Qipao is usually made of ______. A. cotton B. silk C. paper ( ) 3. How many kinds of traditional Chinese clothes are mentioned(提到) in the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. ( ) 4. Which traditional Chinese clothes does Ben like best? A. Qipao. B. Tang Suit. C. Hanfu. 任务二：将画线句子翻译成汉语。 5._________________________________________________ 任务三：根据实际情况回答问题。 6. Do you like traditional Chinese clothes? Why? _________________________________________________ 十一、晚上，Tiantian的妈妈正在给他讲童话故事。读一读，根据故事内容，选择正确的答案。 There is a king (国王). He doesn't love old clothes. Two men say, "My king, we can make new clothes for you." The king is happy. One of them says, "They are magical clothes. Only clever people can see them." The king wears his new clothes and goes out. A woman says, "They're nice!" A young man says, "I like your trousers.” An old man says, "I like your shirt.” A little boy laughs, "Ha ha! The king isn't wearing any clothes!" Then other people say, "Yes. The little boy is right. He isn't wearing any clothes." ( ) 1. The king doesn't like_______. A. old clothes B. magical clothes C. new clothes ( ) 2. According to (根据) the two men, who can see the magical clothes? A. Everyone. B. Clever people. C. Only children. ( ) 3. What does the little boy say about the king's clothes? A. They are very beautiful. B. They are new and nice. C. The king isn't wearing any clothes. ( ) 4. Who tells the truth（真相）? A. The woman. B. The old man. C. The little boy. ( ) 5. The story tells us that we should be________. A. kind B. happy C. honest（诚实的） 参考答案 一、阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F） 1.答案：F 解析：文中说明王女士制作玩具，并非蛋糕，句意不符。 2.答案：F 解析：赵先生是老师，在中学工作，不是消防站。 3.答案：T 解析：詹姆斯的工作是保护人们安全，与题目一致。 4.答案：T 解析：吉米是消防员，并且十分勇敢，表述正确。 5.答案：T 解析：汤姆在邮局送信，职业是邮递员，表述正确。 二、阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F） 1.答案：F 解析：天气和颜色都会影响人的情绪，题目说法错误。 2.答案：F 解析：晴空对应的蓝色会让人难过，晴朗的天气才会让人兴奋。 3.答案：F 解析：红色会使人感到生气，不能让人变得开心。 4.答案：T 解析：黑色会让人感到害怕、担忧，表述正确。 三、阅读对话，判断正（T）误（F） 1.答案：T 解析：蒂姆哭泣是因为找不到同班同学，与原文一致。 2.答案：F 解析：一共 2 名学生摘苹果、3 名学生割草，总计 5 人，不是 4 人。 3.答案：T 解析：同学们都在农场里，表述正确。 4.答案：F 解析：一部分同学摘苹果，一部分割草，并非所有人都在摘苹果。 5.答案：T 解析：最后蒂姆成功找到了自己的同学。 四、读图，判断正（T）误（F） 1.答案：F 解析：奶奶并不是在摘苹果，句子错误。 2.答案：T 解析：爸爸正在挖土，表述正确。 3.答案：T 解析：莉莉正在播种，表述正确。 4.答案：F 解析：妈妈在打理樱桃树，不是橘子树。 5.答案：T 解析：杰瑞正在给植物浇水，表述正确。 五、阅读短文，判断正（T）误（F） 1.答案：F 解析：有部分植物是不开花的，并非所有植物都开花。 2.答案：F 解析：少数水果没有种子，不是所有水果都含有种子。 3.答案：T 解析：文中举例香蕉是没有种子的水果，表述正确。 4.答案：F 解析：部分植物依靠孢子生长，不是全部由种子长成。 5.答案：F 解析：植物用途广泛，可制作纸张、椅子等多种物品，不只是造纸。 六、阅读短文，完成任务 任务一 1.答案：school nurse 解析：校医负责照顾学生。 2.答案：school bus driver 解析：校车司机接送学生上下学。 3.答案：cook 解析：厨师在食堂为学生做饭。 4.答案：cleaner 解析：保洁员负责打扫校园，保持环境整洁。 任务二（示例） 答案：teacher（答案不唯一） 解析：根据自身想法填写职业名词即可。 七、阅读故事，完成任务 任务一：3 1 2 （根据故事情节顺序作答，顺序参考：2 1 3） 解析：故事顺序：熊先遇见小狗→遇见鸭子→最后大家一起运动。 任务二 单项选择 1.答案：B 解析：短文第一句说明当天天气晴朗。 2.答案：A 解析：最后小狗和鸭子邀请熊一起运动，所以熊变得开心。 3.答案：C 解析：熊体型偏胖，需要多运动；小狗擅长跑步，鸭子擅长游泳，其余选项错误。 八、阅读短文，选择正确答案 1.答案：C 解析：华罗庚在数学方面很有天赋，擅长数学。 2.答案：B 解析：他家境贫寒，所以没能继续读高中。 3.答案：C 解析：他在家帮父亲打理商店。 4.答案：A 解析：结合语境，world-famous 译为 “举世闻名的”。 5.答案：B 解析：华罗庚辍学后依旧坚持自学数学，该选项表述错误。 九、阅读短文，选择正确答案 1.答案：A 解析：凯西周一到周五穿衬衫和短裙。 2.答案：C 解析：夏天周末她喜欢穿连衣裙。 3.答案：B 解析：凯西的爸爸平日在办公室工作。 4.答案：B 解析：爸爸觉得西装很热，并不喜欢穿西装。 5.答案：A 解析：凯西周一到周五穿校服，能判断她是一名学生；其余两项细节有误。 十、阅读短文，完成任务 任务一 单项选择 1.答案：A 解析：周日本在家中和家人讨论传统服饰。 2.答案：B 解析：旗袍通常由丝绸制作。 3.答案：B 解析：文中提到旗袍、唐装、汉服三种传统服饰。 4.答案：C 解析：本最喜欢汉服。 任务二 翻译 5. 时尚首先应该以舒适为主。 任务三 情景问答（示例） 6. Yes, I do. Because they are beautiful.（答案不唯一） 解析：根据自身观点作答，语句通顺即可。 十一、阅读短文，选择正确答案 1.答案：A 解析：国王不喜欢旧衣服。 2.答案：B 解析：两人谎称只有聪明的人才能看见这件神奇的衣服。 3.答案：C 解析：小男孩说出真相：国王什么衣服都没穿。 4.答案：C 解析：只有小男孩敢于说出真相。 5.答案：C 解析：这个故事告诉我们做人要诚实。 第 1 页 共 8 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $