Unit 8 Section A Grammar focus (3a-3d)课件2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦一般过去时与一般现在时的用法、结构及动词变化规则，通过《叶公好龙》《皇帝的新装》等故事视频导入，结合填空任务引导学生观察“故事发展用过去时、台词/真理用现在时”，搭建“故事叙述时态”学习支架，衔接前后知识。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，精选中外经典故事渗透文化内涵，通过时态对比表格、情境辨析练习培养逻辑思维。采用任务型教学，小组合作分享故事提升语言运用能力，资料结构清晰活动多样，助力学生真实语境掌握语法，教师教学更高效。

Presentation 单元主题范畴：人与社会 单元主题内容：中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品 (2024新版)人教版 七年级(下册) Presentation 1.学生能够通过观察和分析示例句子，深入理解并准确辨析一般过去时的表意功能。理解并正确运用一般过去时和一般现在时的基本结构和用法。掌握一般过去时中动词的过去式变化规则（学习理解） 2.能够识别和理解故事叙述中一般过去时和一般现在时的句式结构及其适用情境，并能够在不同情境下正确、灵活地运用这两种时态，使故事叙述更具表现力。学生能够掌握并运用一般过去时的表达规则，同时能够掌握并运用其去表达意义。（学习理解，应用实践） 3.通过完成3b/3c,能够根据语境正确选择句子时态，能够用所给单词的正确形式完成故事文章，通过完成3c,能够以分享最喜欢的故事为情境，以小组为单位，运用一般过去时讲述故事，并说出喜爱故事的原因，并在班级中汇报。（迁移创新） Learning Objectives Presentation Watch the story about Lord Ye and complete the summary. Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Lord Ye's Love for Dragons Lord Ye _______(be) very fond of dragons. Dragons' pictures _____(be) everywhere in his house, on the walls, doors and even clothes. One day, a real dragon ______(hear) about Lord Ye's great love for it. So the dragon _______(decide) to visit him. When it _______(put) its head into the window, Lord Ye was so frightened that he _______(pass) out. It turned out that Lord Ye only ______(love) the pictures of dragons, not the real ones. was were heard decided put passed loved What lessons can we learn from the story? We should be honest with ourselves about interests and passions. We must be brave enough to face the real things. Actions speak louder than words. We use the simple past Tense to tell stories. Presentation The emperor’s officials couldn’t see the clothes, but they ______(say), “What lovely clothes!” The emperor couldn’t see them either, but he ______(say), “They’re beautiful!” No one ______(want) to look silly. Once upon a time, an emperor ______(love) new clothes very much. My favourtie story _____(be) The Emperor’s New Clothes by Hans Christian Andersen. Two brothers ______(come) and ______ (lie) to him, “We can make magic clothes! Only clever people ______(can)see them!” He ______(decide) to walk in the street. People there ______ (praise) the “clothes”. Suddenly, a boy ______(shout), “Look! The emperor ______(have) no clothes on!” The simple past tense is used to tell the development of the plot. The simple present tense is used to state the character lines(台词). When do we use the two tenses? Presentation When do you use each tense? dialogue 对话 Narration 旁白 What lovely clothes! They’re beautiful! We can make wonderful clothes! But only clever people can see them! Two brothers came and lied to him, “…………..” They pretended to make the clothes. The emperor’s officials couldn’t see the clothes, but they said, “……..” The emperor couldn’t see anything either, but he said, “…….!” No one wanted to look silly. 角色之间的对话，表现了当下的人物心情以及反应，用一般现在时来体现说话人的状态和动作。 此故事主要发生在过去，描述过去发生的故事主要用一般过去时 Presentation Did you read Little Women for English class? Yes, I _____. It is a great book. did / No, I _____. We _______ (choose) a different book. didn’t chose Presentation How did the mouse help the lion? It _____(bite) through the net, and the lion _____ (get) out. bit got Do you know the story of _____________________? Yes, I ____. It's funny ! do bite→bit get→got Presentation 3a Read the sentences. What tenses do they use? When do you use each tense? 逃脱；离开 the simple past tense We use the simple past tense to talk about completed actions(已完成的动作) that happened before now. the simple present tense We use the simple present tense to talk about general truths(一般事实). Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 Jim is a student. He likes playing basketball and he plays basketball well. He often plays basketball on weekends. But it was very hot last weekend, so he went swimming with his father. His father pointed to the sun and told his that the earth goes around the sun. 表示现在的实际情况. 表示人的性格,能力或爱好等 表示经常性,习惯性的动作 表示客观真理,自然现象等 表示过去存在的状态 表示过去(经常性,习惯性)发生的动作 Simple present tense Simple past tense Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 1. 表示______时间的状态、能力、个性或爱好 He studies very hard. He likes playing chess very much. 1.表示_____某个时间发生的动作。 I played ping-pong last weekend. 现在 过去 They went to the cinima last night. Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 2. 表示客观______或普遍______。 地球围绕着太阳转动 The earth ______ (move)around the sun. moves 事实 真理 光的传播速度比声音快。Light ______ (travel) faster than sound. travels 2.表示_____某个时间存在的状态 或事实。 过去 十年前她是一名教师。She ____ a teacher ten years ago. was 灯亮了一夜。The lights _____ on all night. were Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 3. 表示______发生或______性的动作或现在的状态。 经常 习惯 我通常早上 7 点起床。 I usually ____(get) up at 7:00 a.m. get She _______ (wash) the dishes every day. washes 3.表示_____经常或反复发生的动作，常和______________等频度副词连用。 过去 often, always I often_____ my bike to school last year. 我去年常常骑车去学校。 rode He ____(take) a walk along the street every night last month. took Presentation Let's have a comparison（对比） Ancient people(古代人) and modern people（现代人） are different in many ways. Li Bai Li Hua Presentation Past Now In the past, Li Bai _______ (walk) to other places. Now, Li Hua usually _______ (drive) his father's car to other places. walked drives In the past, Li Bai _______ (live) in the thatched cottage（茅屋）. Now, Li Hua _______ (live) in a flat. lived lives In the past, Li Bai _________ (shop) in the country fair（集市）. Now, Li Hua ______ (shop) on the Internet easily. shopped shops In the past, students ________ (study) in the ancient school. Now, students _______ (study) online. studied study In the past, Li Bai _______ (write) letters to his friends. wrote Now, Li Hua often_______ (talk) with friends on the phone. talks Presentation 一般过去时与一般现在时的区别 In the past, Li Bai shopped in the country fair（集市）. Now, Li Hua shops on the Internet easily. In the past, students studied in the ancient school. Now, students study online. 过去式 没有 was were 一般过去时 一般现在时 谓语动词不同 谓语动词使用________，形式有规则和不规则的变化，______（有/ 没有）人称和数的变化(______和______除外) 谓语动词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数作主语时，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式(be动词用is)；其他人称作主语时，则使用动词原形(be动词用am或are)。 Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 Jim is a student. He likes playing basketball and he plays basketball well. He often plays basketball on weekends. But it was very hot last weekend, so he went swimming with his father. His father pointed to the sun and told his that the earth goes around the sun. 主语+am/is/are+其他. 主语+实义动词原形/三单+其他. 主语+was/were+其他. 主语+实义动词的过去式+其他. Simple present tense Simple past tense Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 肯定句 主语 动词(be动词/行为动词) 其他 否定句 ②行为动词 don’t Doesn’t 行为 动词 原形 一般疑问句 ①be 动词 ②行为动词 Is/Are +主语+其他？ Do/Does+主语+行为动词原形+其他？ 句型 ①be 动词 am not is not=isn’t are not=aren’t Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 肯定句 主语 动词过去式(be动词/行为动词 其他 否定句 ②行为动词 didn’t 行为 动词 原形 一般疑问句 ①be 动词 ②行为动词 Was/Were+主语+其他？ Did+主语+行为动词原形+其他？ 句型 ①be 动词 was not=wasn’t were not=weren’t Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 例句 ①be 动词 The apple is on the desk. The apple was on the desk yesterday. The apple isn’t on the desk. The apple wasn’t on the desk yesterday. Is the apple on the desk? Was the apple on the desk yesterday? 这个苹果在桌子上。 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 一般现在时 一般过去时 这个苹果昨天在桌子上。 Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 例句 ②行为动词 He plays ping-pong everyday. He played ping-pong last weekend. He doesn’t play ping-pong everyday. He didn’t play ping-pong last weekend. Does he play ping-pong everyday? Did he play ping-pong last weekend? 他每天打乒乓球。 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 一般现在时 一般过去时 他上周末打乒乓球。 Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 她昨天看了电视。 She ________ (watch) TV yesterday. She often ________ (watch) TV. 她常常看电视。 watches watched Did 否定句： 一般疑问句： She _______ often watch TV. doesn’t ____ she often watch TV? Does ____ she watch TV yesterday? She ______watch TV yesterday. didn’t 她们昨天看了电视。 她们常常看电视。 They They ________ (watch) TV yesterday. watched They often ______ (watch) TV. watch They ______watch TV yesterday. didn’t They _____ often watch TV. don’t ____ they watch TV yesterday? Did ____ they often watch TV? Do Presentation I watched Ne Zha last week. 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 I didn’t watch Nezha last week. Did you watch Ne Zha last week? When did you watch Nezha? 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 Ne Zha didn’t play with a little girl on the beach. Did Ne Zha play with a little girl on the beach? Where did Ne Zha play with a little girl? Ne Zha played with a little girl on the beach. Presentation 实义动词 实义动词的第三人称单数形式的变化规则是什么呢? 一般情况下 以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 加-s 加-es 变y为i,加-es likes, runs, plays, walks goes, does,teaches,finishes studies, cries, flies, carries 条件 变化形式 例词 1. “元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接加-s. 2.特殊情况have-has Presentation look-looked play-played visit–visited listen–listened stop–stopped plan–planned shop-shopped prefer-preferred worry–worried study–studied carry-carried try-tried live–lived use–used move-moved arrive-arrived 一般在动词后 直接加-ed 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词 先双写辅音字母，再加-ed 直接加-d 末尾只有一个辅音的重读闭音节动词 变 y 为 i，再加-ed 以辅音字母加 y 的动词 清辅音后读/t/ 浊辅音和元音后读/d/ /t/和/d/后读/ɪd/ 实义动词 实义动词(规则)过去式的变化规则是什么呢? Rule Example Pronunciation Presentation let-let(让) put-put(放) cut-cut(砍) read-read(读) hurt-hurt(伤害) cost-cost(花钱) set-set(放;置) shut-shut(关闭) spread-spread(传播) 过去式与动词原形一样 swim-swam(游泳) sing-sang(唱歌) begin-began(开始) give-gave(给) drink-drank(喝) 变i为a bring-brought(带来) buy-bought(买) think-thought(想) teach-taught(教) 过去式以ought或aught结尾 实义动词 实义动词(不规则)过去式的变化规则总结: Presentation feel-felt(感到) keep-kept(保持;保留) sleep-slept(睡觉) sweep-swept(扫地) 中间去e,末尾加t ride-rode(骑) drive-drove(驾驶) write-wrote(写) 变i为o know-knew(知道) grow-grew(种植) throw-threw(扔) draw-drew(画画) 变ow/aw为ew build-built(修建) lend-lent(借) send-sent(发送;邮寄) spend-spent(花费) 以d结尾,变d为t 实义动词 实义动词(不规则)过去式的变化规则总结: Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 Jim is a student. He likes playing basketball and he plays basketball well. He often plays basketball on weekends. But it was very hot last weekend, so he went swimming with his father. His father pointed to the sun and told his that the earth goes around the sun. 表示频度的副词或短语: always, usually, once a weekend, twice a month... 时间状语: on Mondays, every day, every morning, in winter, on weekend(s), ... 表示过去的时间状语: last Monday/week/year... two days/weeks/years ago, yesterday morning/evening... in 2008, just now, in the past,… Simple present tense Simple past tense 判断句子用什么时态时需要仔细分辨句中的标志词. Presentation When do you use each tense? 用法 结构 标志词 表示现在的实际情况. 表示人的性格,能力或爱好等 表示经常性,习惯性的动作 表示客观真理,自然现象等 表示过去存在的状态 表示过去(经常性,习惯性)发生的动作 表示频度的副词或短语: always, usually, once a weekend, twice a month... 时间状语: on Mondays, every day, every morning... 表示过去的时间状语: last Monday/week/year... two days/weeks/years ago yesterday morning/evening... in 2008 主语+am/is/are+其他. 主语+实义动词原形/三单+其他. 主语+was/were+其他. 主语+实义动词的过去式+其他. Simple present tense Simple past tense Presentation 3b Choose the correct forms of the verbs. 1. When I am / was a child, my favourite book is / was Peter Rabbit. 2. I usually tell / told funny stories to my friends. But I tell / told them a sad story yesterday, and they cried. 3. The mouse asks / asked the lion not to kill him. He promises / promised to help the lion, and the lion let him go. 4. The two brothers lie / lied to the emperor, but the emperor didn’t know that and buy / bought their clothes. 5. Usually, people feel / felt sad when they lose / lost something. But the farmer in the story didn’t feel sad when he loses / lost his horse. tell sth to sb=tell sb sth 告诉某人某事 Presentation Once upon a time, a king _____ (ask) an artist to paint him a horse. “Please _______(give) me some time,” the artist _______ (answer). The king waited for a few months before he ________ (grow) angry. “ Where _____ (be) my painting?” he asked. Quickly, the artist __________ (paint) a beautiful picture of a horse. The king said, “I ______ (like) it! But why did you make me wait so long?” The artist _______ (smile) and ________ (take) the king to his house. There were paintings of horses all over! “It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well!” he ________ (say). asked give answered grew is painted like smiled took said What tenses do we use when telling the story? The simple past tense is used to tell the development of the plot. The simple present tense is used to state the character lines(台词). quick adj.快的 quickly [ˈkwɪklɪ] adv.快速地 浑身；到处；遍及 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费一些时间去做某事 artist [ˈɑːtɪst] n. 艺术家 3c Complete the short story with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. tip: 直接引语用一般现在时 wait for 等待 wait for sb/sth 等待某人/某物 wait for sb/sth to do sth 等待某人/某物做某事 king [kɪŋ] n. 君主；国王 make sb. do sth. smile [smaɪl] v.微笑 n.微笑；笑容 “疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作learn的宾语 Presentation 1. Give the story a title. 2. Why did the artist make the king wait so long? Because it took the artist months to learn how to paint a horse well. 3. What did you learn from the story? Success is not accidental. It comes from continuous efforts and perseverance. Practice makes perfect. Once upon a time, a king asked an artist to paint him a horse. “Please give me some time,” the artist answered. The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. “Where is my painting?” he asked. Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse. The king said, “I like it! But why did you make me wait so long?” The artist smiled and took the king to his house. There were paintings of horses all over! “It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well!” he said. Presentation Presentation The changes of the feelings. A king asked an artist to paint him a horse. The artist asked the king to give him some time. The king waited for a few months and grew angry. The artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse. It took the artist months to learn how to paint a horse well. Presentation Story: An artist painted a horse. Characters: a king and an artist asked an artist to paint a horse “Give me some time.” waited for months, grew angry “Where is my painting?” “I like it! Why...?” smiled, took the king to his house painted all over “It took me months...” quickly painted a beautiful horse Lesson: Success comes from long-term hard work. What would happen next? Write an ending for the story. Presentation The king looked around at all the paintings. He understood then that practice makes perfect. "You didn’t just paint a horse," the king said. "You painted with patience!" He rewarded the artist with gold and a smile. From that day on, the king never rushed anyone again. What would happen next? Write an ending for the story. Let’s make up an ending. Presentation 3d Share your favourite story. Tell your classmates why you like it. A.课内故事 B.课外故事 My favourite story is … Once upon a time, … The end! I like this story because … Introduction: My favourite story is _____________________. It’s a _____________________ [fairy tale /fable/adventure story…] .It happened in _____________________ Characters: The main character is _____________________, who is _____________________ [e.g. brave, kind-hearted, curious…]. He/She _____________________ . There are also other supporting characters like _____________________, each with their own unique personalities.” Plot: Once upon a time, _____________________. Then,_____________ After that, _____________________ In the end, _____________________. It's really a _____________________ending. Lessons/ Morals: The story reminds us that _________________________. Reason: I love this story because _________________________________. My favourite story is Yu Gong Moves the Mountains. Once upon a time, there was an old man called Yu Gong. There were two high mountains near his house. Because of the two high mountains, it was difficult for the villagers to go out. Yu Gong decided to move the mountains with his family. One day, when Yu Gong and his family moved the mountains, an old man laughed at him and told them not to do it anymore. But Yu Gong and his family kept on working. They worked hard day and night, without taking a break. In the end, the god heard about this and was moved by Yu Gong’s spirit. He sent another two gods to help take the mountains away in the end! I like this story because it tells us that as long as we never give up, anything is possible. Presentation Every story hides a lesson, and every book is a window to wisdom—read widely, and let the light of truth guide your growth. Presentation Further thinking Presentation 使用动词的正确形式填空 Once upon a time, there _______ (be) three little pigs. The first pig _______ (build) a house of straw(茅草). The second pig built a house of sticks(树枝). The third pig built a strong house of bricks(砖). A big bad wolf _______ (come). He _______ (blow) down the straw and stick houses easily, but couldn’t _______ (break) the brick house. The pigs in the brick house were safe, and the wolf _______ (run) away. The story _______ (tell) us to do things carefully. were built came blew break ran tells Presentation Watch another story and fill in the blanks. Once upon a time, there ___(be) a young man whose parents died when he was young. He _____(be) very poor and he _____(live) by working for others. One day, he _____(come)home from work and _____(see) a bright snail by the road, so he _____(take) the beautiful snail home and _____(keep) it in his water tank. The next day, the young man ____(go) out to work as usual. On his way home in the in the evening,he _____(see) his chimney smoking from a distance. He _________ (hurry) home and ______(find) the delicious food.“Who ____(do) this?” He decided to find out why. One day he went home early. Then he _____(meet) the snail girl . From then on, the snail girl _____ with the young man was was lived came saw took kept went saw hurried found did met lived Presentation Homework Must do: 1. Copy the new words and expressions. 2. Try to recite 3a. Can do: Telling the story to others. Preview Section B (1a-1d). $The snow girl, once upon a time, there was a Young man whose parents died when he was your leaving him to leave alone. He was very poor, and he lived by working for others. There was no rise in his tank and no fire in his dove, so he had to go to bed hungry. One day, the Young man came home from work and saw a bright smell by the road. The Young man liked IT very much, so he took the beautiful snow home and kept IT in his water take. The next day, the Young man went out to work as usual. On his way back in the evening, he saw his chimney smoking from a distance. This is a strange. There's no one at home. How can there be a fire in the chimney? He hurried home and looked into the stove. The fire was burning brightly. He opened the pot cover and looked inside. Wow, there was a part of fragrant rice and a ball of delicious vegetables. Who did this? Who did this? But there's no one else . in the house. The Young man was so hungry that he ate until he was very food. The third day, the fourth day, the fifth day, several days past, every day he came home. There was a part of rice and a all vegetables. One day he decided to go home earlier before sunset at the door of his house. He hate quietly outside the window. He waited for a while. Suddenly he heard a noise coming from the house. He looked in and there was a flash of gold in the water and a girl jumped out. He started to make a fire. Any cook? Ah IT was this girl who cooked for him every day. Who is this girl? What does he live in my water tank? After the meal was cooked, the girl started to go back to the water, but the Young man rushed into the house. who? Who are you? The girl was frightened. so, but when he saw that he was the Young man who had came back, he was not afraid anymore. SHE just hung her head and blushed without saying a word. please tell me who you are. Why do you cook for . me everyday? A good man working hard all day, but you can even have your own dinner. Isn't IT all right that I take care of you. Thank you. Thank you. Of course, IT is alright, but who are you? How do you come to be in my house? Why did you live in the water tank? I didn't come here by myself. You brought me back and put me in the water. Think the Young man thought for a while and understood that he had brought back a snow and kept IT in the water tank. Shortly afterwards, the Young man and the snow girl became husband and wife, and they lived happily together. There once was a man named lord year. He was a respected person in his village. He was kind, smart and wealthy. Everyone in the village knew him. They all knew that he loved dragons. Almost everything that log year owned had a dragon on IT. His front door had a big golden dragon painted across IT. The pillar on either side of the door also had dragons carved into them. Inside his house, he had many rugs with dragon patterns. The rocks were in almost every room of his house, even the tea cups and tea ports he used were painted with little blue dragons. He showed his love for dragon's even while he was out and about in the village, many of his silk close had dragons so long to them. Anytime someone talked about dragon's in last year's presence, he would go on and on about how much he admire them. They're just so cool. I will never stop loving them. He would explain. In fact, everyone in the village knew not to mention dragons would never stop talking. He just loved the dragons that much. His love for dragons became so famous that he began to spread beyond the village. People in the neighboring village began to talk of a man who was obsessed with the story of love. Year soon spread through the whole province. They lead the nation dragon on the mountains. He was lonely and wanted friends to play with. Hearing this, the dragon was very happy. This man could be his friend. The dragon immediately flew to the village. He wanted to meet later the men who loved the dragons. When he got to lou's house, the dragons stuck his head in the window and called out, lord, yeah. His voice was loud and deep. Lord year got a huge fight and jumped up. He raised to his bedroom and hit under the bed. He was so afraid of the dragon. Then the entire village found out that law is only like a painted and a carved dragons, not real ones. Today we use the edition loye is fond of dragons to refer to people who claim to love something, but don't actually love IT all that much. Little fox long ago and now. Long ago, life was different. Long ago, people wrote horses to work. Now we ride in cars. Long ago, people send someone to deliver letters. Now we send emails on our computers. Long ago, people used lanterns and candles. Now we use electric linens. Long ago, people got water with buckets. Now we get water from posits. Long ago, people took on fires. Now we cook on stores. Long ago, people cleaned with brooms. Now we clean with vacuum cleaners long ago, people washed close by hand. Now we wash clothes with washing machines. Long ago, people draw pictures by hand. Now we use cameras to take pictures. Long ago, life was different. Once upon a time, a king asked an artist to paint him a horse. Please give me some time. The artist answered. The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. Where's my painting? He asked quickly. The artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse. The king said, I liked IT, but why did you make me wait so long? The artist smiled and took the king to his house. There were paintings of horses. A lover. IT took me months to learn how to . paint a horse. Well, he said.