Unit 6 Food and health 词汇+音标+词意+例句+拓展+词汇巩固练习+翻译2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级上册 上海专用

该初中英语Unit 6知识清单系统整合了“Food and health”主题的核心词汇、词组及巩固练习，涵盖词汇（音标、词义、例句、拓展）、词组详解和专项训练（词性转换、语法填空），搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“词汇拓展分层”“词组星级标注”构建知识体系，如“boil”拓展8个短语及比喻用法，核心词组用★★★突出重难点，培养学生语言能力和学习能力。设计词性转换、语法填空等针对性练习，适配不同水平学生自主学习，教师可据此优化教学环节，提升课堂效率。

Unit 6 Food and health 词汇+音标+词意+例句+拓展+词汇巩固练习+翻译（9年级上册最新沪教版上海专用） 一、核心词汇表（单词 + 音标 + 词义 + 例句 + 拓展） 1. boil ★音标：/bɔɪl/ ★词性：v. ★词义：用沸水煮（或烫洗） ★例句：You should boil vegetables for only a few minutes to keep their nutrients. ★例句翻译：你应该只把蔬菜煮几分钟，以保留它们的营养。 ★拓展：boiled (adj. 煮熟的) → boiler (n. 锅炉) boil down to 归结为；概括为 比喻用法，最常用 bring to the boil 烧开；使沸腾 英式英语 come to the boil 开始沸腾 英式英语 boil over 沸溢；怒火爆发 动词短语 boil up 煮沸；（情绪）爆发 动词短语 boil away 煮干；不断沸腾 动词短语 boil dry 煮干 动词短语 boil an egg 煮鸡蛋 常用搭配 make one's blood boil 使某人怒火中烧 2. biscuit ★音标：/ˈbɪskɪt/ ★词性：n. ★词义：饼干 ★例句：She had a cup of tea with a few biscuits for breakfast. ★例句翻译：她早餐喝了一杯茶，吃了几块饼干。 ★拓展：biscuit (英式英语) → cookie (美式英语) 3. score ★音标：/skɔː(r)/ ★词性：n. ★词义：分数；得分 ★例句：He got a perfect score on the health exam. ★例句翻译：他在健康考试中得了满分。 ★拓展：score (v. 得分) → scorer (n. 得分者) 4. tofu ★音标：/ˈtəʊfuː/ ★词性：n. ★词义：豆腐 ★例句：Tofu is a healthy source of protein and is very popular in Asian cuisine. ★例句翻译：豆腐是一种健康的蛋白质来源，在亚洲菜肴中很受欢迎。 ★拓展：bean curd (豆腐的另一种说法) 5. stuff ★音标：/stʌf/ ★词性：n. ★词义：东西 ★例句：What's all that stuff on your plate? You should eat more vegetables. ★例句翻译：你盘子里那些都是什么东西？你应该多吃点蔬菜。 ★拓展：stuff (v. 塞满) → stuffing (n. 填充物) stuff with 用……填满 动词短语 stuff oneself 吃得过饱；狼吞虎咽 口语表达 stuff something in 把某物塞进去 动词短语 kitchen stuff 厨房用品 名词短语 household stuff 家居用品 名词短语 food stuff 食品 名词短语 do one's stuff 施展本领；露一手 口语习语 know one's stuff 精通本行；懂行 6. overweight ★音标：/ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：超重的 ★例句：The doctor told him that he was a little overweight and needed to exercise more. ★例句翻译：医生告诉他有点超重了，需要多锻炼。 ★拓展：overweight → underweight (反义词) 7. sugary ★音标：/ˈʃʊɡəri/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：含糖的 ★例句：You should avoid sugary drinks like soda if you want to lose weight. ★例句翻译：如果你想减肥，应该避免喝汽水等含糖饮料。 ★拓展：sugar (n. 糖) → sugar-free (adj. 无糖的) 8. menu ★音标：/ˈmenjuː/ ★词性：n. ★词义：菜单 ★例句：The waiter handed us the menu and recommended today's specials. ★例句翻译：服务员递给我们菜单，并推荐了今天的特色菜。 ★拓展：menu (计算机菜单) 9. cucumber ★音标：/ˈkjuːkʌmbə(r)/ ★词性：n. ★词义：黄瓜 ★例句：Cucumbers are low in calories and high in water content. ★例句翻译：黄瓜热量低，水分含量高。 ★拓展：cucumber salad (黄瓜沙拉) 10. carrot ★音标：/ˈkærət/ ★词性：n. ★词义：胡萝卜 ★例句：Carrots are rich in vitamin A, which is good for your eyes. ★例句翻译：胡萝卜富含维生素A，对眼睛有好处。 ★拓展：carrot juice (胡萝卜汁) 11. cabbage ★音标：/ˈkæbɪdʒ/ ★词性：n. ★词义：甘蓝；卷心菜 ★例句：Cabbage can be eaten raw in salads or cooked in soups. ★例句翻译：卷心菜可以生吃做沙拉，也可以煮汤吃。 ★拓展：Chinese cabbage (大白菜) 12. preference ★音标：/ˈprefrəns/ ★词性：n. ★词义：偏爱；爱好 ★例句：Everyone has their own food preference; some like spicy food while others prefer mild flavors. ★例句翻译：每个人都有自己的食物偏好；有些人喜欢辣味，而另一些人更喜欢清淡的味道。 ★拓展：prefer (v. 更喜欢) → preferable (adj. 更可取的) preference for 对……的偏爱 最常用搭配 in preference to 优先于；而不是 正式用语 give preference to 给予……优先权 动词短语 have a preference 有偏好 动词短语 show preference 表现出偏好 动词短语 personal preference 个人偏好 名词短语 food preference 食物偏好 名词短语 sexual preference 性取向 正式用语 preference share/stock 优先股 金融术语 13. waiter ★音标：/ˈweɪtə(r)/ ★词性：n. ★词义：服务员 ★例句：The waiter brought us the bill after we finished our meal. ★例句翻译：我们吃完饭后，服务员给我们拿来了账单。 ★拓展：waitress (n. 女服务员) → wait staff (服务人员) 14. sweat ★音标：/swet/ ★词性：n. ★词义：汗水 ★例句：After an hour of exercise, his shirt was wet with sweat. ★例句翻译：锻炼一小时后，他的衬衫被汗水浸湿了。 ★拓展：sweat (v. 流汗) → sweaty (adj. 出汗的) 15. soil ★音标：/sɔɪl/ ★词性：n. ★词义：土壤 ★例句：Vegetables grow best in rich, dark soil. ★例句翻译：蔬菜在肥沃、深色的土壤中长得最好。 ★拓展：soil pollution (土壤污染) 16. welcoming ★音标：/ˈwelkəmɪŋ/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：令人感到惬意的 ★例句：The small restaurant had a warm and welcoming atmosphere. ★例句翻译：这家小餐馆有一种温暖而惬意的氛围。 ★拓展：welcome (v./n. 欢迎) → welcomingly (adv.) 17. gentle ★音标：/ˈdʒentl/ ★词性：adj. ★词义：温和的 ★例句：The doctor had a gentle voice that made the children feel comfortable. ★例句翻译：医生温和的声音让孩子们感到很舒服。 ★拓展：gently (adv. 温和地) → gentleness (n. 温和) 18. whisper ★音标：/ˈwɪspə(r)/ ★词性：v. ★词义：低语；私语 ★例句：She leaned over to whisper something in her mother's ear. ★例句翻译：她俯身凑到母亲耳边低语了几句。 ★拓展：whisper (n. 耳语) → whispering (adj. 低语的) 19. tend ★音标：/tend/ ★词性：v. ★词义：照料；照管 ★例句：She tends her vegetable garden every morning before breakfast. ★例句翻译：她每天早晨早饭前都会照料她的菜园。 ★拓展：tendency (n. 倾向) → tender (n. 照料人) 二、核心词组 Unit 6 词组详解（含词义与例句） 核心词组列表 ★★★ 1. fizzy drink ★词义：起泡饮料 ★例句：Doctors recommend that children should avoid fizzy drinks because they contain too much sugar. ★例句翻译：医生建议孩子们应该避免喝起泡饮料，因为它们含有太多的糖。 ★★★ 2. fried food ★词义：油炸食品 ★例句：Eating too much fried food can lead to weight gain and other health problems. ★例句翻译：吃太多油炸食品会导致体重增加和其他健康问题。 ★★★ 3. a balanced diet ★词义：均衡的饮食 ★例句：To stay healthy, it is important to eat a balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, protein, and grains. ★例句翻译：为了保持健康，摄入包括水果、蔬菜、蛋白质和谷物在内的均衡饮食非常重要。 ★★★ 4. in general ★词义：通常；大体上 ★例句：In general, people who eat more vegetables tend to have better health. ★例句翻译：通常，吃更多蔬菜的人往往更健康。 ★★★ 5. dairy product ★词义：乳制品 ★例句：Milk, cheese, and yogurt are all dairy products that provide calcium for strong bones. ★例句翻译：牛奶、奶酪和酸奶都是为强壮骨骼提供钙质的乳制品。 ★★★ 6. get through ★词义：度过；通过 ★例句：With a healthy diet and enough rest, she was able to get through her final exams successfully. ★例句翻译：通过健康的饮食和充足的休息，她成功地度过了期末考试。 ★★★ 7. would rather ★词义：宁愿；更喜欢 ★例句：I would rather eat a bowl of fresh fruit than a piece of cake for dessert. ★例句翻译：我宁愿吃一碗新鲜水果作为甜点，也不愿吃一块蛋糕。 ★★★ 8. remind somebody of ... ★词义：使某人想起（类似的人、地方、事物等） ★例句：The smell of homemade bread reminds me of my grandmother's kitchen when I was a child. ★例句翻译：自制面包的气味让我想起小时候祖母的厨房。 专项练习（8题） 用所给词组的适当形式填空。 fried food a balanced diet in general dairy product get through would rather remind somebody of fizzy drinks 1. ________ ________, eating too much sugar is bad for your teeth. 2. I ________ ________ drink water than sugary sodas. 3. This song always ________ me ________ my childhood summers. 4. Milk, cheese, and yogurt are all ________ ________. 5. A diet that includes too much ________ ________ can increase the risk of heart disease. 6. She managed to ________ ________ the difficult winter with the help of her family. 7. Children should limit their consumption of ________ ________ like soda and energy drinks. 8. Eating ________ ________ ________ is the key to maintaining good health. 参考答案： 1. In general 2. would rather 3. reminds, of 4. dairy products 5. fried food 6. get through 7. fizzy drinks 8. a balanced diet 词性转换专项训练（30题） 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The vegetables should be ________ (boil) for no more than five minutes. 2. She ate a few ________ (biscuit) with her afternoon tea. 3. He ________ (score) the highest marks in the health examination. 4. Eating more ________ (tofu) can help reduce your meat consumption. 5. All the ________ (stuff) on his desk was related to healthy eating. 6. Being ________ (overweight) can lead to many health problems. 7. You should avoid ________ (sugar) drinks if you want to stay healthy. 8. The ________ (menu) in this restaurant change every season. 9. I bought some fresh ________ (cucumber) from the market. 10. ________ (carrot) are good for your eyesight. 11. ________ (cabbage) is a common ingredient in many soups. 12. Everyone has their own food ________ (prefer). 13. The ________ (wait) brought us the wrong order. 14. After running, his face was covered in ________ (sweat). 15. The ________ (soil) in this area is very rich in nutrients. 16. The restaurant has a very ________ (welcome) atmosphere. 17. She spoke in a ________ (gentle) voice to calm the crying child. 18. He ________ (whisper) a secret to his best friend. 19. She ________ (tend) her garden with great care every day. 20. I ________ (prefer) tea to coffee in the morning. 21. He spoke so ________ (gentle) that everyone listened carefully. 22. She ________ (low) her voice so that no one else could hear. 23. The ________ (mix) of flavors in this dish is wonderful. 24. He ________ (choose) a salad instead of fried chicken for lunch. 25. Many people ________ (regard) breakfast as the most important meal. 26. She is very ________ (particular) about the food she eats. 27. If you get ________ (tire), take a short break and drink some water. 28. He spoke ________ (angry) about the unfair treatment. 29. He promised ________ (pay) back the money he borrowed. 30. The story ________ (turn) out to be true after all. 参考答案： 1. boiled 2. biscuits 3. scored 4. tofu 5. stuff 6. overweight 7. sugary 8. menus 9. cucumbers 10. Carrots 11. Cabbage 12. preference 13. waiter 14. sweat 15. soil 16. welcoming 17. gentle 18. whispered 19. tends 20. prefer 21. gently 22. lowered 23. mixture 24. chose 25. regard 26. particular 27. tired 28. angrily 29. to pay 30. turned 语法填空（2篇） Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Eating 1. ________ (healthy) is important for everyone. 2. ________ general, we should eat a balanced diet that includes plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. 3. ________ (boil) vegetables is a good way to cook them because it keeps most of their nutrients. Many people have a 4. ________ (prefer) for sweet or fried foods. However, too much 5. ________ (sugar) food can lead to weight gain. If you want to 6. ________ (get) through the day with energy, you need to fuel your body with the right 7. ________ (sort) of food. Vegetables 8. ________ as carrots, cucumbers, and cabbage are low in calories but high in vitamins. Some people 9. ________ (regard) eating vegetables as a chore, but they are essential for good health. A small restaurant with a warm and 10. ________ (welcome) atmosphere might encourage you to try new healthy dishes. 参考答案： 1. healthily 2. In 3. Boiling 4. preference 5. sugary 6. get 7. sorts 8. such 9. regard 10. welcoming Passage 2 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A young 1. ________ (wait) in a small restaurant noticed that an old gentleman always ordered the same thing: a bowl of soup with some 2. ________ (tofu) and vegetables. One day, she leaned over 3. ________ (whisper), "Sir, would you like to try something different from the 4. ________ (menu)?" The old man smiled 5. ________ (gentle) and replied, "I 6. ________ (tend) to stick with what I know is healthy. Fried food and 7. ________ (fizz) drinks may taste good, but they are not good for my health. I 8. ________ rather eat a simple meal that 9. ________ (remind) me of my grandmother's cooking." His words 10. ________ (make) the young waiter think about her own eating habits. She decided to make a change starting that day. 参考答案： 1. waiter 2. tofu 3. to whisper 4. menu 5. gently 6. tend 7. fizzy 8. would 9. reminds 10. made 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $